1
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Ricotti L, Cafarelli A, Manferdini C, Trucco D, Vannozzi L, Gabusi E, Fontana F, Dolzani P, Saleh Y, Lenzi E, Columbaro M, Piazzi M, Bertacchini J, Aliperta A, Cain M, Gemmi M, Parlanti P, Jost C, Fedutik Y, Nessim GD, Telkhozhayeva M, Teblum E, Dumont E, Delbaldo C, Codispoti G, Martini L, Tschon M, Fini M, Lisignoli G. Ultrasound Stimulation of Piezoelectric Nanocomposite Hydrogels Boosts Chondrogenic Differentiation in Vitro, in Both a Normal and Inflammatory Milieu. ACS NANO 2024; 18:2047-2065. [PMID: 38166155 PMCID: PMC10811754 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
The use of piezoelectric nanomaterials combined with ultrasound stimulation is emerging as a promising approach for wirelessly triggering the regeneration of different tissue types. However, it has never been explored for boosting chondrogenesis. Furthermore, the ultrasound stimulation parameters used are often not adequately controlled. In this study, we show that adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells embedded in a nanocomposite hydrogel containing piezoelectric barium titanate nanoparticles and graphene oxide nanoflakes and stimulated with ultrasound waves with precisely controlled parameters (1 MHz and 250 mW/cm2, for 5 min once every 2 days for 10 days) dramatically boost chondrogenic cell commitment in vitro. Moreover, fibrotic and catabolic factors are strongly down-modulated: proteomic analyses reveal that such stimulation influences biological processes involved in cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix organization, collagen fibril organization, and metabolic processes. The optimal stimulation regimen also has a considerable anti-inflammatory effect and keeps its ability to boost chondrogenesis in vitro, even in an inflammatory milieu. An analytical model to predict the voltage generated by piezoelectric nanoparticles invested by ultrasound waves is proposed, together with a computational tool that takes into consideration nanoparticle clustering within the cell vacuoles and predicts the electric field streamline distribution in the cell cytoplasm. The proposed nanocomposite hydrogel shows good injectability and adhesion to the cartilage tissue ex vivo, as well as excellent biocompatibility in vivo, according to ISO 10993. Future perspectives will involve preclinical testing of this paradigm for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Ricotti
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Cafarelli
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Manferdini
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Diego Trucco
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Vannozzi
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Gabusi
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Fontana
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Dolzani
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Yasmin Saleh
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Lenzi
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Columbaro
- Piattaforma
di Microscopia Elettronica, IRCCS Istituto
Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Piazzi
- Istituto
di Genetica Molecolare “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IGM-CNR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto
Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department
of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest
in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Aliperta
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Markys Cain
- Electrosciences
Ltd., Farnham, Surrey GU9 9QT, U.K.
| | - Mauro Gemmi
- Center
for Materials Interfaces, Electron Crystallography, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Paola Parlanti
- Center
for Materials Interfaces, Electron Crystallography, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Carsten Jost
- PlasmaChem
GmbH, Schwarzschildstraße
10, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yirij Fedutik
- PlasmaChem
GmbH, Schwarzschildstraße
10, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gilbert Daniel Nessim
- Department
of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat
Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Madina Telkhozhayeva
- Department
of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat
Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Eti Teblum
- Department
of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat
Gan 52900, Israel
| | | | - Chiara Delbaldo
- Struttura
Complessa Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Codispoti
- Struttura
Complessa Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Martini
- Struttura
Complessa Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Matilde Tschon
- Struttura
Complessa Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- Scientific Director, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- Laboratorio
di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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2
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Vukomanović M, Gazvoda L, Kurtjak M, Maček-Kržmanc M, Spreitzer M, Tang Q, Wu J, Ye H, Chen X, Mattera M, Puigmartí-Luis J, Pane SV. Filler-Enhanced Piezoelectricity of Poly-L-Lactide and Its Use as a Functional Ultrasound-Activated Biomaterial. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301981. [PMID: 37186376 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Poly-L-lactide (PLLA) offers a unique possibility for processing into biocompatible, biodegradable, and implantable piezoelectric structures. With such properties, PLLA has potential to be used as an advanced tool for mimicking biophysical processes that naturally occur during the self-repair of wounds and damaged tissues, including electrostimulated regeneration. The piezoelectricity of PLLA strongly depends on the possibility of controlling its crystallinity and molecular orientation. Here, it is shown that modifying PLLA with a small amount (1 wt%) of crystalline filler particles with a high aspect ratio, which act as nucleating agents during drawing-induced crystallization, promotes the formation of highly crystalline and oriented PLLA structures. This increases their piezoelectricity, and the filler-modified PLLA films provide a 20-fold larger voltage output than nonmodified PLLA during ultrasound (US)-assisted activation. With 99% PLLA content, the ability of the films to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase the local temperature during interactions with US is shown to be very low. US-assisted piezostimulation of adherent cells directly attach to their surface (such as skin keratinocytes), stimulate cytoskeleton formation, and as a result cells elongate and orient themselves in a specific direction that align with the direction of PLLA film drawing and PLLA dipole orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Vukomanović
- Advanced Materials Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Lea Gazvoda
- Advanced Materials Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
- Jozef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Mario Kurtjak
- Advanced Materials Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Marjeta Maček-Kržmanc
- Advanced Materials Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Spreitzer
- Advanced Materials Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Qiao Tang
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab (MSRL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems (IRIS), ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Jiang Wu
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab (MSRL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems (IRIS), ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Hao Ye
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab (MSRL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems (IRIS), ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Xiangzhong Chen
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab (MSRL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems (IRIS), ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Michele Mattera
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Josep Puigmartí-Luis
- Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Química Física, Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Salvador Vidal Pane
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab (MSRL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems (IRIS), ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
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3
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Omer SA, McKnight KH, Young LI, Song S. Stimulation strategies for electrical and magnetic modulation of cells and tissues. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 12:21. [PMID: 37391680 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-023-00165-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Electrical phenomena play an important role in numerous biological processes including cellular signaling, early embryogenesis, tissue repair and remodeling, and growth of organisms. Electrical and magnetic effects have been studied on a variety of stimulation strategies and cell types regarding cellular functions and disease treatments. In this review, we discuss recent advances in using three different stimulation strategies, namely electrical stimulation via conductive and piezoelectric materials as well as magnetic stimulation via magnetic materials, to modulate cell and tissue properties. These three strategies offer distinct stimulation routes given specific material characteristics. This review will evaluate material properties and biological response for these stimulation strategies with respect to their potential applications in neural and musculoskeletal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman A Omer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Kaitlyn H McKnight
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Lucas I Young
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Shang Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Departments of Neuroscience GIDP, Materials Science and Engineering, BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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4
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Yang S, Wang Y, Liang X. Piezoelectric Nanomaterials Activated by Ultrasound in Disease Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051338. [PMID: 37242580 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Electric stimulation has been used in changing the morphology, status, membrane permeability, and life cycle of cells to treat certain diseases such as trauma, degenerative disease, tumor, and infection. To minimize the side effects of invasive electric stimulation, recent studies attempt to apply ultrasound to control the piezoelectric effect of nano piezoelectric material. This method not only generates an electric field but also utilizes the benefits of ultrasound such as non-invasive and mechanical effects. In this review, important elements in the system, piezoelectricity nanomaterial and ultrasound, are first analyzed. Then, we summarize recent studies categorized into five kinds, nervous system diseases treatment, musculoskeletal tissues treatment, cancer treatment, anti-bacteria therapy, and others, to prove two main mechanics under activated piezoelectricity: one is biological change on a cellular level, the other is a piezo-chemical reaction. However, there are still technical problems to be solved and regulation processes to be completed before widespread use. The core problems include how to accurately measure piezoelectricity properties, how to concisely control electricity release through complex energy transfer processes, and a deeper understanding of related bioeffects. If these problems are conquered in the future, piezoelectric nanomaterials activated by ultrasound will provide a new pathway and realize application in disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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5
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Recent trends in bioartificial muscle engineering and their applications in cultured meat, biorobotic systems and biohybrid implants. Commun Biol 2022; 5:737. [PMID: 35869250 PMCID: PMC9307618 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractRecent advances in tissue engineering and biofabrication technology have yielded a plethora of biological tissues. Among these, engineering of bioartificial muscle stands out for its exceptional versatility and its wide range of applications. From the food industry to the technology sector and medicine, the development of this tissue has the potential to affect many different industries at once. However, to date, the biofabrication of cultured meat, biorobotic systems, and bioartificial muscle implants are still considered in isolation by individual peer groups. To establish common ground and share advances, this review outlines application-specific requirements for muscle tissue generation and provides a comprehensive overview of commonly used biofabrication strategies and current application trends. By solving the individual challenges and merging various expertise, synergetic leaps of innovation that inspire each other can be expected in all three industries in the future.
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6
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Paci C, Iberite F, Arrico L, Vannozzi L, Parlanti P, Gemmi M, Ricotti L. Piezoelectric nanocomposite bioink and ultrasound stimulation modulate early skeletal myogenesis. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5265-5283. [PMID: 35913209 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01853a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the significant progress in bioprinting for skeletal muscle tissue engineering, new stimuli-responsive bioinks to boost the myogenesis process are highly desirable. In this work, we developed a printable alginate/Pluronic-based bioink including piezoelectric barium titanate nanoparticles (nominal diameter: ∼60 nm) for the 3D bioprinting of muscle cell-laden hydrogels. The aim was to investigate the effects of the combination of piezoelectric nanoparticles with ultrasound stimulation on early myogenic differentiation of the printed structures. After the characterization of nanoparticles and bioinks, viability tests were carried out to investigate three nanoparticle concentrations (100, 250, and 500 μg mL-1) within the printed structures. An excellent cytocompatibility was confirmed for nanoparticle concentrations up to 250 μg mL-1. TEM imaging demonstrated the internalization of BTNPs in intracellular vesicles. The combination of piezoelectric nanoparticles and ultrasound stimulation upregulated the expression of MYOD1, MYOG, and MYH2 and enhanced cell aggregation, which is a crucial step for myoblast fusion, and the presence of MYOG in the nuclei. These results suggest that the direct piezoelectric effect induced by ultrasound on the internalized piezoelectric nanoparticles boosts myogenesis in its early phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Paci
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Iberite
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Arrico
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Vannozzi
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Parlanti
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Materials Interfaces, Electron Crystallography, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Mauro Gemmi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Materials Interfaces, Electron Crystallography, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Leonardo Ricotti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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7
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In Vitro and In Vivo Cytotoxicity of Boron Nitride Nanotubes: A Systematic Review. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12122069. [PMID: 35745407 PMCID: PMC9229602 DOI: 10.3390/nano12122069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are an exciting class of nanomaterials due to their unique chemical and physical characteristics. In recent decades, BNNTs have gained huge attention in research and development for various applications, including as nano-fillers for composites, semiconductor devices, hydrogen storage, and as an emerging material in biomedical and tissue engineering applications. However, the toxicity of BNNTs is not clear, and the biocompatibility is not proven yet. In this review, the role of BNNTs in biocompatibility studies is assessed in terms of their characteristics: cell viability, proliferation, therapeutic outcomes, and genotoxicity, which are vital elements for their prospective use in biomedical applications. A systematic review was conducted utilising the databases Scopus and Web of Science (WOS) (2008-2022). Additional findings were discovered manually by snowballing the reference lists of appropriate reviews. Only English-language articles were included. Finally, the significant analysis and discussion of the chosen articles are presented.
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8
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Zakhireh S, Barar J, Adibkia K, Beygi-Khosrowshahi Y, Fathi M, Omidain H, Omidi Y. Bioactive Chitosan-Based Organometallic Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regeneration. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:13. [PMID: 35149879 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00364-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Captivating achievements in developing advanced hybrid biostructures through integrating natural biopolymers with inorganic materials (e.g., metals and metalloids) have paved the way towards the application of bioactive organometallic scaffolds (OMSs) in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). Of various biopolymers, chitosan (CS) has been used widely for the development of bioactive OMSs, in large part due to its unique characteristics (e.g., biocompatibility, biodegradability, surface chemistry, and functionalization potential). In integration with inorganic elements, CS has been used to engineer advanced biomimetic matrices to accommodate both embedded cells and drug molecules and serve as scaffolds in TERM. The use of the CS-based OMSs is envisioned to provide a new pragmatic potential in TERM and even in precision medicine. In this review, we aim to elaborate on recent achievements in a variety of CS/metal, CS/metalloid hybrid scaffolds, and discuss their applications in TERM. We also provide comprehensive insights into the formulation, surface modification, characterization, biocompatibility, and cytotoxicity of different types of CS-based OMSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Zakhireh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Younes Beygi-Khosrowshahi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Fathi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Omidain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA.
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9
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Abstract
In contrast to conventional hard actuators, soft actuators offer many vivid advantages, such as improved flexibility, adaptability, and reconfigurability, which are intrinsic to living systems. These properties make them particularly promising for different applications, including soft electronics, surgery, drug delivery, artificial organs, or prosthesis. The additional degree of freedom for soft actuatoric devices can be provided through the use of intelligent materials, which are able to change their structure, macroscopic properties, and shape under the influence of external signals. The use of such intelligent materials allows a substantial reduction of a device's size, which enables a number of applications that cannot be realized by externally powered systems. This review aims to provide an overview of the properties of intelligent synthetic and living/natural materials used for the fabrication of soft robotic devices. We discuss basic physical/chemical properties of the main kinds of materials (elastomers, gels, shape memory polymers and gels, liquid crystalline elastomers, semicrystalline ferroelectric polymers, gels and hydrogels, other swelling polymers, materials with volume change during melting/crystallization, materials with tunable mechanical properties, and living and naturally derived materials), how they are related to actuation and soft robotic application, and effects of micro/macro structures on shape transformation, fabrication methods, and we highlight selected applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indra Apsite
- Faculty of Engineering Science, Department of Biofabrication, University of Bayreuth, Ludwig Thoma Str. 36A, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sahar Salehi
- Department of Biomaterials, Center of Energy Technology und Materials Science, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Straße 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Leonid Ionov
- Faculty of Engineering Science, Department of Biofabrication, University of Bayreuth, Ludwig Thoma Str. 36A, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.,Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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10
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Vannozzi L, Catalano E, Telkhozhayeva M, Teblum E, Yarmolenko A, Avraham ES, Konar R, Nessim GD, Ricotti L. Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanoflakes Coated with Glycol Chitosan, Propylene Glycol Alginate, and Polydopamine: Characterization and Cytotoxicity in Human Chondrocytes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2105. [PMID: 34443935 PMCID: PMC8399274 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Recently, graphene and its derivatives have been extensively investigated for their interesting properties in many biomedical fields, including tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Nonetheless, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO) are still under investigation for improving their dispersibility in aqueous solutions and their safety in different cell types. This work explores the interaction of GO and rGO with different polymeric dispersants, such as glycol chitosan (GC), propylene glycol alginate (PGA), and polydopamine (PDA), and their effects on human chondrocytes. GO was synthesized using Hummer's method, followed by a sonication-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) process, drying, and thermal reduction to obtain rGO. The flakes of GO and rGO exhibited an average lateral size of 8.8 ± 4.6 and 18.3 ± 8.5 µm, respectively. Their dispersibility and colloidal stability were investigated in the presence of the polymeric surfactants, resulting in an improvement in the suspension stability in terms of average size and polydispersity index over 1 h, in particular for PDA. Furthermore, cytotoxic effects induced by coated and uncoated GO and rGO on human chondrocytes at different concentrations (12.5, 25, 50 and 100 µg/mL) were assessed through LDH assay. Results showed a concentration-dependent response, and the presence of PGA contributed to statistically decreasing the difference in the LDH activity with respect to the control. These results open the way to a potentially safer use of these nanomaterials in the fields of cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Vannozzi
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrico Catalano
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Madina Telkhozhayeva
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel; (M.T.); (E.T.); (A.Y.); (E.S.A.); (R.K.); (G.D.N.)
| | - Eti Teblum
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel; (M.T.); (E.T.); (A.Y.); (E.S.A.); (R.K.); (G.D.N.)
| | - Alina Yarmolenko
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel; (M.T.); (E.T.); (A.Y.); (E.S.A.); (R.K.); (G.D.N.)
| | - Efrat Shawat Avraham
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel; (M.T.); (E.T.); (A.Y.); (E.S.A.); (R.K.); (G.D.N.)
| | - Rajashree Konar
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel; (M.T.); (E.T.); (A.Y.); (E.S.A.); (R.K.); (G.D.N.)
| | - Gilbert Daniel Nessim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel; (M.T.); (E.T.); (A.Y.); (E.S.A.); (R.K.); (G.D.N.)
| | - Leonardo Ricotti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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11
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Cafarelli A, Marino A, Vannozzi L, Puigmartí-Luis J, Pané S, Ciofani G, Ricotti L. Piezoelectric Nanomaterials Activated by Ultrasound: The Pathway from Discovery to Future Clinical Adoption. ACS NANO 2021; 15:11066-11086. [PMID: 34251189 PMCID: PMC8397402 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Electrical stimulation has shown great promise in biomedical applications, such as regenerative medicine, neuromodulation, and cancer treatment. Yet, the use of electrical end effectors such as electrodes requires connectors and batteries, which dramatically hamper the translation of electrical stimulation technologies in several scenarios. Piezoelectric nanomaterials can overcome the limitations of current electrical stimulation procedures as they can be wirelessly activated by external energy sources such as ultrasound. Wireless electrical stimulation mediated by piezoelectric nanoarchitectures constitutes an innovative paradigm enabling the induction of electrical cues within the body in a localized, wireless, and minimally invasive fashion. In this review, we highlight the fundamental mechanisms of acoustically mediated piezoelectric stimulation and its applications in the biomedical area. Yet, the adoption of this technology in a clinical practice is in its infancy, as several open issues, such as piezoelectric properties measurement, control of the ultrasound dose in vitro, modeling and measurement of the piezo effects, knowledge on the triggered bioeffects, therapy targeting, biocompatibility studies, and control of the ultrasound dose delivered in vivo, must be addressed. This article explores the current open challenges in piezoelectric stimulation and proposes strategies that may guide future research efforts in this field toward the translation of this technology to the clinical scene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cafarelli
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Attilio Marino
- Smart
Bio-Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Vannozzi
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Josep Puigmartí-Luis
- Departament
de Ciència dels Materials i Química Física, Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salvador Pané
- Multi-Scale
Robotics Lab (MSRL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems
(IRIS), ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Smart
Bio-Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Leonardo Ricotti
- The
BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore
Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department
of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Tel: +39 050 883074. Mobile: +39 366 6868242.
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12
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Anandhan SV, Krishnan UM. Boron nitride nanotube scaffolds: emergence of a new era in regenerative medicine. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 33770776 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abf27d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering scaffolds have transformed from passive geometrical supports for cell adhesion, extension and proliferation to active, dynamic systems that can in addition, trigger functional maturation of the cells in response to external stimuli. Such 'smart' scaffolds require the incorporation of active response elements that can respond to internal or external stimuli. One of the key elements that direct the cell fate processes is mechanical stress. Different cells respond to various types and magnitudes of mechanical stresses. The incorporation of a pressure-sensitive element in the tissue engineering scaffold therefore, will aid in tuning the cell response to the desired levels. Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are analogous to carbon nanotubes and have attracted considerable attention due to their unique amalgamation of chemical inertness, piezoelectric property, biocompatibility and, thermal and mechanical stability. Incorporation of BNNTs in scaffolds confers them with piezoelectric property that can be used to stimulate the cells seeded on them. Biorecognition and solubilization of BNNTs can be engineered through surface functionalization with different biomolecules. Over the years, the importance of BNNT has grown in the realm of healthcare nanotechnology. This review discusses the salient properties of BNNTs, the influence of functionalization on theirin vitroandin vivobiocompatibility, and the uniqueness of BNNT-incorporated tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathyan Vivekanand Anandhan
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.,School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.,School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.,School of Arts, Science and Humanities, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
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13
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Gao L, Akhtar MU, Yang F, Ahmad S, He J, Lian Q, Cheng W, Zhang J, Li D. Recent progress in engineering functional biohybrid robots actuated by living cells. Acta Biomater 2021; 121:29-40. [PMID: 33285324 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Living cells are highly scalable biological actuators found in nature, and they are efficient technological solutions to actuate robotic systems. Recent advancements in biofabrication and tissue engineering have bridged the gap to interface muscle cells with artificial technology. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in engineering the attributes of individual components for the development of fully functional biohybrid robots. First, we address the fabrication of biological actuators for biohybrid robots with muscle cells and tissues, including cardiomyocytes, skeletal muscles, insect tissues, and neuromuscular tissues, in well-organized pattern of 2D sheets and 3D constructs. Next, we discuss the performance of biohybrid robots for various biomimetic tasks such as swimming, walking, gripping, and pumping. Finally, the challenges and future directions in the development of biohybrid robots are described from different viewpoints of living material engineering, multiscale modeling, 3D printing for manufacturing, and multifunctional robotic system development.
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Budharaju H, Subramanian A, Sethuraman S. Recent advancements in cardiovascular bioprinting and bioprinted cardiac constructs. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1974-1994. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01428a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensionally bioprinted cardiac constructs with biomimetic bioink helps to create native-equivalent cardiac tissues to treat patients with myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhan Budharaju
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- ACBDE Innovation Centre
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed to be University
| | - Anuradha Subramanian
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- ACBDE Innovation Centre
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed to be University
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- ACBDE Innovation Centre
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed to be University
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15
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Vannozzi L, Mazzocchi T, Hasebe A, Takeoka S, Fujie T, Ricotti L. A Coupled FEM‐SPH Modeling Technique to Investigate the Contractility of Biohybrid Thin Films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e1900306. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Vannozzi
- Dr. L. Vannozzi, T. Mazzocchi, Prof. L. Ricotti The BioRobotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna Piazza Martiri della Liberta’ 33 Pisa 56127 Italy
- Dr. L. Vannozzi, T. Mazzocchi, Prof. L. Ricotti Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna Piazza Martiri della Liberta’ 33 Pisa 56127 Italy
| | - Tommaso Mazzocchi
- Dr. L. Vannozzi, T. Mazzocchi, Prof. L. Ricotti The BioRobotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna Piazza Martiri della Liberta’ 33 Pisa 56127 Italy
- Dr. L. Vannozzi, T. Mazzocchi, Prof. L. Ricotti Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna Piazza Martiri della Liberta’ 33 Pisa 56127 Italy
| | - Arihiro Hasebe
- A. Hasebe, Prof. S. Takeoka Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University TWIns, 2‐2 Wakamtsu‐cho, Shinjuku‐ku Tokyo 162‐8480 Japan
| | - Shinji Takeoka
- A. Hasebe, Prof. S. Takeoka Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University TWIns, 2‐2 Wakamtsu‐cho, Shinjuku‐ku Tokyo 162‐8480 Japan
| | - Toshinori Fujie
- Prof. T. Fujie School of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology B‐50, 4259 Nagatsuta‐cho, Midori‐ku Yokohama 226‐8501 Japan
- Prof. T. Fujie Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation Waseda University 513 Wasedatsurumaki‐cho, Shinjuku‐ku Tokyo 162‐0041 Japan
| | - Leonardo Ricotti
- Dr. L. Vannozzi, T. Mazzocchi, Prof. L. Ricotti The BioRobotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna Piazza Martiri della Liberta’ 33 Pisa 56127 Italy
- Dr. L. Vannozzi, T. Mazzocchi, Prof. L. Ricotti Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna Piazza Martiri della Liberta’ 33 Pisa 56127 Italy
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16
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Vannozzi L, Gouveia P, Pingue P, Canale C, Ricotti L. Novel Ultrathin Films Based on a Blend of PEG- b-PCL and PLLA and Doped with ZnO Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:21398-21410. [PMID: 32302103 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a novel nanofilm type is proposed based on a blend of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) methyl ether (PEG-b-PCL) and poly(l-lactic acid), doped with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) at different concentrations (0.1, 1, and 10 mg/mL). All nanofilm types were featured by a thickness value of ∼500 nm. Increasing ZnO NP concentrations implied larger roughness values (∼22 nm for the bare nanofilm and ∼67 nm for the films with 10 mg/mL of NPs), larger piezoelectricity (average d33 coefficient for the film up to ∼1.98 pm/V), and elastic modulus: the nanofilms doped with 1 and 10 mg/mL of NPs were much stiffer than the nondoped controls and nanofilms doped with 0.1 mg/mL of NPs. The ZnO NP content was also directly proportional to the material melting point and crystallinity and inversely proportional to the material degradation rate, thus highlighting the stabilization role of ZnO particles. In vitro tests were carried out with cells of the musculoskeletal apparatus (fibroblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and myoblasts). All cell types showed good adhesion and viability on all substrate formulations. Interestingly, a higher content of ZnO NPs in the matrix demonstrated higher bioactivity, boosting the metabolic activity of fibroblasts, myoblasts, and chondrocytes and enhancing the osteogenic and myogenic differentiation. These findings demonstrated the potential of these nanocomposite matrices for regenerative medicine applications, such as tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Vannozzi
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertá 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Liberta 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Pedro Gouveia
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertá 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Pasqualantonio Pingue
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and CNR Istituto Nanoscienze, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa (PI), Italy
| | - Claudio Canale
- Department of Physics, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Ricotti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertá 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Liberta 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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17
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Iberite F, Salerno M, Canale C, Rosa A, Ricotti L. Influence of substrate stiffness on human induced pluripotent stem cells: preliminary results. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2019:1039-1043. [PMID: 31946071 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8857397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle differentiation was proven to be influenced by changes in the substrate stiffness. However, a lack of knowledge features this field, concerning skeletal muscle tissues obtained from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Here we report the fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane-based substrates in a range of stiffness values from 3.5 to 141 kPa and the response of human induced pluripotent stem cells cultured on them for 5 days. The substrates were able to sustain cell adhesion and proliferation throughout the whole period. An inversely proportional relationship (although not significant) was found between the proliferation rate and the substrate stiffness. Initial analyses of iPSCs skeletal muscle differentiation shown no influences on markers of the early stages. These results lay the foundations for further studies on the influence of extrinsic mechanical stimuli on induced pluripotent stem cells-derived skeletal muscle tissues.
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18
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Ghahremani S, Samadizadeh M, Khaleghian M, Zabarjad Shiraz N. Theoretical study of encapsulation of Floxuridine anticancer drug into BN (9,9-7) nanotube for medical application. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2019.1687479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Ghahremani
- Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjaneh Samadizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Khaleghian
- Department of Chemistry, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran
| | - Nader Zabarjad Shiraz
- Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Anisotropic traction stresses and focal adhesion polarization mediates topography-induced cell elongation. Biomaterials 2018; 181:103-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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20
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Biomaterials in Tendon and Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering: Current Trends and Challenges. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11071116. [PMID: 29966303 PMCID: PMC6073924 DOI: 10.3390/ma11071116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a promising approach to repair tendon and muscle when natural healing fails. Biohybrid constructs obtained after cells’ seeding and culture in dedicated scaffolds have indeed been considered as relevant tools for mimicking native tissue, leading to a better integration in vivo. They can also be employed to perform advanced in vitro studies to model the cell differentiation or regeneration processes. In this review, we report and analyze the different solutions proposed in literature, for the reconstruction of tendon, muscle, and the myotendinous junction. They classically rely on the three pillars of tissue engineering, i.e., cells, biomaterials and environment (both chemical and physical stimuli). We have chosen to present biomimetic or bioinspired strategies based on understanding of the native tissue structure/functions/properties of the tissue of interest. For each tissue, we sorted the relevant publications according to an increasing degree of complexity in the materials’ shape or manufacture. We present their biological and mechanical performances, observed in vitro and in vivo when available. Although there is no consensus for a gold standard technique to reconstruct these musculo-skeletal tissues, the reader can find different ways to progress in the field and to understand the recent history in the choice of materials, from collagen to polymer-based matrices.
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21
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Tandon B, Magaz A, Balint R, Blaker JJ, Cartmell SH. Electroactive biomaterials: Vehicles for controlled delivery of therapeutic agents for drug delivery and tissue regeneration. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 129:148-168. [PMID: 29262296 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrical stimulation for delivery of biochemical agents such as genes, proteins and RNA molecules amongst others, holds great potential for controlled therapeutic delivery and in promoting tissue regeneration. Electroactive biomaterials have the capability of delivering these agents in a localized, controlled, responsive and efficient manner. These systems have also been combined for the delivery of both physical and biochemical cues and can be programmed to achieve enhanced effects on healing by establishing control over the microenvironment. This review focuses on current state-of-the-art research in electroactive-based materials towards the delivery of drugs and other therapeutic signalling agents for wound care treatment. Future directions and current challenges for developing effective electroactive approach based therapies for wound care are discussed.
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22
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Fu F, Shang L, Chen Z, Yu Y, Zhao Y. Bioinspired living structural color hydrogels. Sci Robot 2018; 3:3/16/eaar8580. [DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.aar8580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Ricotti L, Trimmer B, Feinberg AW, Raman R, Parker KK, Bashir R, Sitti M, Martel S, Dario P, Menciassi A. Biohybrid actuators for robotics: A review of devices actuated by living cells. Sci Robot 2017; 2:2/12/eaaq0495. [PMID: 33157905 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.aaq0495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Actuation is essential for artificial machines to interact with their surrounding environment and to accomplish the functions for which they are designed. Over the past few decades, there has been considerable progress in developing new actuation technologies. However, controlled motion still represents a considerable bottleneck for many applications and hampers the development of advanced robots, especially at small length scales. Nature has solved this problem using molecular motors that, through living cells, are assembled into multiscale ensembles with integrated control systems. These systems can scale force production from piconewtons up to kilonewtons. By leveraging the performance of living cells and tissues and directly interfacing them with artificial components, it should be possible to exploit the intricacy and metabolic efficiency of biological actuation within artificial machines. We provide a survey of important advances in this biohybrid actuation paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Ricotti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Barry Trimmer
- Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02153, USA
| | - Adam W Feinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ritu Raman
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kevin K Parker
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Metin Sitti
- Max-Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sylvain Martel
- NanoRobotics Laboratory, Department of Computer and Software Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paolo Dario
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Arianna Menciassi
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
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Shi Z, Zhao W, Li S, Yang G. Self-powered hydrogels induced by ion transport. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:17080-17090. [PMID: 29086793 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr02962d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Electroactive hydrogels are needed to enable stretchable electronics because of their flexible mechanical characteristics and electrical conductive properties. We describe a class of viscoelastic, porous, ion-conductive, and self-powered hydrogels that are fabricated based on a PHEMA hydrogel (poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)) and PPy (polypyrrole). They are capable of creating synchronous ionic current in electrolyte solution when enduring mechanical deformation. The conditions that impact the electric response of the hydrogel, such as stress, strain rate, pH of electrolyte solution, and concentration of ions in the electrolyte solution, have been investigated and reported in this paper. The mechanism of creating ionic current under deformation is elaborated through numerical simulation and experimental tests. Moreover, by embedding the electrically self-powered hydrogel into a movable object, such as a sports shoe, the patterns of mechanical actions (e.g. walking, running, or jumping) can be identified from the generated electrical current without any assistance of external batteries or power sources. It presents the outstanding potential of this hydrogel in building self-powered soft devices including active sensors and artificial skins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China.
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25
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Salgarella AR, Cafarelli A, Ricotti L, Capineri L, Dario P, Menciassi A. Optimal Ultrasound Exposure Conditions for Maximizing C2C12 Muscle Cell Proliferation and Differentiation. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2017; 43:1452-1465. [PMID: 28433437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Described here is an in vitro systematic investigation of the effects on C2C12 myoblasts of exposure to finely controlled and repeatable low-intensity pulsed ultrasound of different frequencies (500 kHz, 1 MHz, 3 MHz and 5 MHz) and different intensities (250, 500 and 1000 mW/cm2). An in-house stimulation system and an ultrasound-transparent cell culture well minimized reflections and attenuations, allowing precise control of ultrasound delivery. Results indicated that a 3 MHz stimulation at 1 W/cm2 intensity maximized cell proliferation in comparison with the other exposure conditions and untreated controls. In contrast, cell differentiation and the consequent formation of multinucleated myotubes were maximized by 1 MHz stimulation at 500 mW/cm2 intensity. The highly controlled exposure conditions employed allowed precise correlation of the ultrasound delivery to the bio-effects produced, thus overcoming the inconsistency of some results available in the literature and contributing to the potential of ultrasound treatment for muscle therapy and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Cafarelli
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera (Pisa), Italy
| | - Leonardo Ricotti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera (Pisa), Italy
| | - Lorenzo Capineri
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Dario
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera (Pisa), Italy
| | - Arianna Menciassi
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera (Pisa), Italy
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Abstract
Electrical and/or electromechanical stimulation has been shown to play a significant role in regenerating various functionalities in soft tissues, such as tendons, muscles, and nerves. In this work, we investigate the piezoelectric polymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a potential substrate for wireless neuronal differentiation. Piezoelectric PVDF enables generation of electrical charges on its surface upon acoustic stimulation, inducing neuritogenesis of PC12 cells. We demonstrate that the effect of pure piezoelectric stimulation on neurite generation in PC12 cells is comparable to the ones induced by neuronal growth factor (NGF). In inhibitor experiments, our results indicate that dynamic stimulation of PVDF by ultrasonic (US) waves activates calcium channels, thus inducing the generation of neurites via a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent pathway. This mechanism is independent from the well-studied NGF induced mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK/ERK) pathway. The use of US, in combination with piezoelectric polymers, is advantageous since focused power transmission can occur deep into biological tissues, which holds great promise for the development of non-invasive neuroregenerative devices.
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Marino A, Genchi GG, Sinibaldi E, Ciofani G. Piezoelectric Effects of Materials on Bio-Interfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:17663-17680. [PMID: 28485910 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Electrical stimulation of cells and tissues is an important approach of interaction with living matter, which has been traditionally exploited in the clinical practice for a wide range of pathological conditions, in particular, related to excitable tissues. Standard methods of stimulation are, however, often invasive, being based on electrodes and wires used to carry current to the intended site. The possibility to achieve an indirect electrical stimulation, by means of piezoelectric materials, is therefore of outstanding interest for all the biomedical research, and it emerged in the latest decade as a most promising tool in many bioapplications. In this paper, we summarize the most recent achievements obtained by our group and by others in the exploitation of piezoelectric nanoparticles and nanocomposites for cell stimulation, describing the important implications that these studies present in nanomedicine and tissue engineering. A particular attention will be also dedicated to the physical modeling, which can be extremely useful in the description of the complex mechanisms involved in the mechanical/electrical transduction, yet also to gain new insights at the base of the observed phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gianni Ciofani
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino , Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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Abstract
A great breadth of questions remains in cellular biology. Some questions cannot be answered using traditional analytical techniques and so demand the development of new tools for research. In the near future, the development of highly integrated microfluidic analytical platforms will enable the acquisition of unknown biological data. These microfluidic systems must allow cell culture under controlled microenvironment and high throughput analysis. For this purpose, the integration of a variable number of newly developed micro- and nano-technologies, which enable control of topography and surface chemistry, soluble factors, mechanical forces and cell–cell contacts, as well as technology for monitoring cell phenotype and genotype with high spatial and temporal resolution will be necessary. These multifunctional devices must be accompanied by appropriate data analysis and management of the expected large datasets generated. The knowledge gained with these platforms has the potential to improve predictive models of the behavior of cells, impacting directly in better therapies for disease treatment. In this review, we give an overview of the microtechnology toolbox available for the design of high throughput microfluidic platforms for cell analysis. We discuss current microtechnologies for cell microenvironment control, different methodologies to create large arrays of cellular systems and finally techniques for monitoring cells in microfluidic devices.
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Ricotti L, Fujie T. Thin polymeric films for building biohybrid microrobots. BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS 2017; 12:021001. [PMID: 28263945 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/aa5e5f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to describe the disruptive potential that polymeric thin films have in the field of biohybrid devices and to review the recent efforts in this area. Thin (thickness < 1 mm) and ultra-thin (thickness < 1 µm) matrices possess a series of intriguing features, such as large surface area/volume ratio, high flexibility, chemical and physical surface tailorability, etc. This enables the fabrication of advanced bio/non-bio interfaces able to efficiently drive cell-material interactions, which are the key for optimizing biohybrid device performances. Thin films can thus represent suitable platforms on which living and artificial elements are coupled, with the aim of exploiting the unique features of living cells/tissues. This may allow to carry out certain tasks, not achievable with fully artificial technologies. In the paper, after a description of the desirable chemical/physical cues to be targeted and of the fabrication, functionalization and characterization procedures to be used for thin and ultra-thin films, the state-of-the-art of biohybrid microrobots based on micro/nano-membranes are described and discussed. The research efforts in this field are rather recent and they focus on: (1) self-beating cells (such as cardiomyocytes) able to induce a relatively large deformation of the underlying substrates, but affected by a limited controllability by external users; (2) skeletal muscle cells, more difficult to engineer in mature and functional contractile tissues, but featured by a higher controllability. In this context, the different materials used and the performances achieved are analyzed. Despite recent interesting advancements and signs of maturity of this research field, important scientific and technological steps are still needed. In the paper some possible future perspectives are described, mainly concerning thin film manipulation and assembly in multilayer 3D systems, new advanced materials to be used for the fabrication of thin films, cell engineering opportunities and modelling/computational efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Ricotti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera (Pisa), Italy
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Tuning acoustic and mechanical properties of materials for ultrasound phantoms and smart substrates for cell cultures. Acta Biomater 2017; 49:368-378. [PMID: 27884775 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Materials with tailored acoustic properties are of great interest for both the development of tissue-mimicking phantoms for ultrasound tests and smart scaffolds for ultrasound mediated tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In this study, we assessed the acoustic properties (speed of sound, acoustic impedance and attenuation coefficient) of three different materials (agarose, polyacrylamide and polydimethylsiloxane) at different concentrations or cross-linking levels and doped with different concentrations of barium titanate ceramic nanoparticles. The selected materials, besides different mechanical features (stiffness from few kPa to 1.6MPa), showed a wide range of acoustic properties (speed of sound from 1022 to 1555m/s, acoustic impedance from 1.02 to 1.67MRayl and attenuation coefficient from 0.2 to 36.5dB/cm), corresponding to ranges in which natural soft tissues can fall. We demonstrated that this knowledge can be used to build tissue-mimicking phantoms for ultrasound-based medical procedures and that the mentioned measurements enable to stimulate cells with a highly controlled ultrasound dose, taking into account the attenuation due to the cell-supporting scaffold. Finally, we were able to correlate for the first time the bioeffect on human fibroblasts, triggered by piezoelectric barium titanate nanoparticles activated by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, with a precise ultrasound dose delivered. These results may open new avenues for the development of both tissue-mimicking materials for ultrasound phantoms and smart triggerable scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This study reports for the first time the results of a systematic acoustic characterization of agarose, polyacrylamide and polydimethylsiloxane at different concentrations and cross-linking extents and doped with different concentrations of barium titanate nanoparticles. These results can be used to build tissue-mimicking phantoms, useful for many ultrasound-based medical procedures, and to fabricate smart materials for stimulating cells with a highly controlled ultrasound dose. Thanks to this knowledge, we correlated for the first time a bioeffect (the proliferation increase) on human fibroblasts, triggered by piezoelectric nanoparticles, with a precise US dose delivered. These results may open new avenues for the development of both tissue-mimicking phantoms and smart triggerable scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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31
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Electroconductive natural polymer-based hydrogels. Biomaterials 2016; 111:40-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Uesugi K, Shimizu K, Akiyama Y, Hoshino T, Iwabuchi K, Morishima K. Contractile Performance and Controllability of Insect Muscle-Powered Bioactuator with Different Stimulation Strategies for Soft Robotics. Soft Robot 2016. [DOI: 10.1089/soro.2015.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Uesugi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Koshi Shimizu
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Yoshitake Akiyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Japan
| | - Takayuki Hoshino
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
- Department of Mathematical Engineering and Information Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kikuo Iwabuchi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Keisuke Morishima
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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Vannozzi L, Ricotti L, Alyassi S, Bearzi C, Gargioli C, Rizzi R, Khalaf K, Dario P, Menciassi A. Microgrooved ultra-thin films as building blocks of future bio-hybrid actuators. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2016; 2015:354-7. [PMID: 26736272 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7318372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This paper aims to demonstrate the possibility of exploiting poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) ultra-thin films as platforms for bio-hybrid actuation. Firstly, flat PLLA nanofilms at different concentrations (15 and 25 mg/ml in dichloromethane) were tested with contractile cardiomyocytes. The results obtained using motion vector analysis, a non-invasive method capable of estimating flow velocities on recorded videos, demonstrated that PLLA nanofilms were able to move under the contraction of muscle cells. Immunofluorescence images reflected good cell spreading, thus confirming that these films are promising matrices for bio-hybrid actuation. Subsequently, microgrooved PLLA nanofilms were fabricated, in order to drive muscle cell distribution on an anisotropic surface, thus optimizing the system's efficiency. After matrix characterization, in terms of AFM and SEM imaging, we investigated the viability and morphology of C2C12 skeletal muscle cells (a more controllable muscle cell type), 24 h after cell seeding as well as at the 7-day differentiation state.
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Iacovacci V, Ricotti L, Menciassi A, Dario P. The bioartificial pancreas (BAP): Biological, chemical and engineering challenges. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 100:12-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.08.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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35
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Vannozzi L, Ricotti L, Filippeschi C, Sartini S, Coviello V, Piazza V, Pingue P, La Motta C, Dario P, Menciassi A. Nanostructured ultra-thin patches for ultrasound-modulated delivery of anti-restenotic drug. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 11:69-91. [PMID: 26730191 PMCID: PMC4694686 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s92031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aims to demonstrate the possibility to fabricate ultra-thin polymeric films loaded with an anti-restenotic drug and capable of tunable drug release kinetics for the local treatment of restenosis. Vascular nanopatches are composed of a poly(lactic acid) supporting membrane (thickness: ~250 nm) on which 20 polyelectrolyte bilayers (overall thickness: ~70 nm) are alternatively deposited. The anti-restenotic drug is embedded in the middle of the polyelectrolyte structure, and released by diffusion mechanisms. Nanofilm fabrication procedure and detailed morphological characterization are reported here. Barium titanate nanoparticles (showing piezoelectric properties) are included in the polymeric support and their role is investigated in terms of influence on nanofilm morphology, drug release kinetics, and cell response. Results show an efficient drug release from the polyelectrolyte structure in phosphate-buffered saline, and a clear antiproliferative effect on human smooth muscle cells, which are responsible for restenosis. In addition, preliminary evidences of ultrasound-mediated modulation of drug release kinetics are reported, thus evaluating the influence of barium titanate nanoparticles on the release mechanism. Such data were integrated with quantitative piezoelectric and thermal measurements. These results open new avenues for a fine control of local therapies based on smart responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Vannozzi
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Leonardo Ricotti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Carlo Filippeschi
- Center for MicroBioRobotics at SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pontedera, Italy
| | | | - Vito Coviello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Piazza
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation at NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Dario
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Arianna Menciassi
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Italy
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36
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Genchi GG, Ciofani G. Bioapplications of boron nitride nanotubes. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:3315-9. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Graziana Genchi
- Italian Institute of Technology, Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera (Pisa), Italy
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Italian Institute of Technology, Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera (Pisa), Italy
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37
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Vannozzi L, Ricotti L, Cianchetti M, Bearzi C, Gargioli C, Rizzi R, Dario P, Menciassi A. Self-assembly of polydimethylsiloxane structures from 2D to 3D for bio-hybrid actuation. BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS 2015; 10:056001. [PMID: 26292037 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/10/5/056001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of a novel approach for the development of 3D self-assembled polydimethylsiloxane structures, to be used as engineered flexible matrices for bio-hybrid actuation. We described the fabrication of engineered bilayers, organized in a 3D architecture by means of a stress-induced rolling membrane technique. Such structures were provided with ad hoc surface topographies, for both cell alignment and cell survival after membrane rolling. We reported the results of advanced finite element model simulations, predicting the system behavior in terms of overall contraction, induced by the contractile activity of muscle cells seeded on the membrane. Then, we tested in vitro the structure with primary cardiomyocytes to evaluate the real bio-actuator contraction, thus validating the simulation results. At a later stage, we provided the samples with a stable fibronectin coating, by covalently binding the protein on the polymer surface, thus enabling long-term cultures with C2C12 skeletal muscle cells, a more controllable cell type. These tests revealed cell viability and alignment on the rolled structures, but also the ability of cells to differentiate and to form multinucleated and oriented myotubes on the polymer surface, also supported by a fibroblast feeder layer. Our results highlighted the possibility of developing 3D rolled PDMS structures, characterized by different mechanical properties, as novel bio-hybrid actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vannozzi
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera (PI), Italy
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38
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Kalay S, Yilmaz Z, Sen O, Emanet M, Kazanc E, Çulha M. Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 6:84-102. [PMID: 25671154 PMCID: PMC4311706 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) have been increasingly investigated for use in a wide range of applications due to their unique physicochemical properties including high hydrophobicity, heat and electrical insulation, resistance to oxidation, and hydrogen storage capacity. They are also valued for their possible medical and biomedical applications including drug delivery, use in biomaterials, and neutron capture therapy. In this review, BNNT synthesis methods and the surface modification strategies are first discussed, and then their toxicity and application studies are summarized. Finally, a perspective for the future use of these novel materials is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saban Kalay
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Atasehir, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zehra Yilmaz
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Atasehir, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Sen
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Atasehir, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melis Emanet
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Atasehir, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Kazanc
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Atasehir, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Çulha
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Atasehir, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey
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39
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Carlsen RW, Sitti M. Bio-hybrid cell-based actuators for microsystems. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:3831-51. [PMID: 24895215 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201400384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
As we move towards the miniaturization of devices to perform tasks at the nano and microscale, it has become increasingly important to develop new methods for actuation, sensing, and control. Over the past decade, bio-hybrid methods have been investigated as a promising new approach to overcome the challenges of scaling down robotic and other functional devices. These methods integrate biological cells with artificial components and therefore, can take advantage of the intrinsic actuation and sensing functionalities of biological cells. Here, the recent advancements in bio-hybrid actuation are reviewed, and the challenges associated with the design, fabrication, and control of bio-hybrid microsystems are discussed. As a case study, focus is put on the development of bacteria-driven microswimmers, which has been investigated as a targeted drug delivery carrier. Finally, a future outlook for the development of these systems is provided. The continued integration of biological and artificial components is envisioned to enable the performance of tasks at a smaller and smaller scale in the future, leading to the parallel and distributed operation of functional systems at the microscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rika Wright Carlsen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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40
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Ostrovidov S, Hosseini V, Ahadian S, Fujie T, Parthiban SP, Ramalingam M, Bae H, Kaji H, Khademhosseini A. Skeletal muscle tissue engineering: methods to form skeletal myotubes and their applications. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2014; 20:403-36. [PMID: 24320971 PMCID: PMC4193686 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2013.0534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle tissue engineering (SMTE) aims to repair or regenerate defective skeletal muscle tissue lost by traumatic injury, tumor ablation, or muscular disease. However, two decades after the introduction of SMTE, the engineering of functional skeletal muscle in the laboratory still remains a great challenge, and numerous techniques for growing functional muscle tissues are constantly being developed. This article reviews the recent findings regarding the methodology and various technical aspects of SMTE, including cell alignment and differentiation. We describe the structure and organization of muscle and discuss the methods for myoblast alignment cultured in vitro. To better understand muscle formation and to enhance the engineering of skeletal muscle, we also address the molecular basics of myogenesis and discuss different methods to induce myoblast differentiation into myotubes. We then provide an overview of different coculture systems involving skeletal muscle cells, and highlight major applications of engineered skeletal muscle tissues. Finally, potential challenges and future research directions for SMTE are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Ostrovidov
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Vahid Hosseini
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samad Ahadian
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshinori Fujie
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Murugan Ramalingam
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg Cedex, France
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College Campus, Vellore, India
| | - Hojae Bae
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hirokazu Kaji
- Department of Bioengineering and Robotics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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41
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Danti S, Ciofani G, Pertici G, Moscato S, D'Alessandro D, Ciabatti E, Chiellini F, D'Acunto M, Mattoli V, Berrettini S. Boron nitride nanotube-functionalised myoblast/microfibre constructs: a nanotech-assisted tissue-engineered platform for muscle stimulation. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014; 9:847-51. [DOI: 10.1002/term.1878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Danti
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Emergency Medicine; University of Pisa; Italy
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT); Centre for Micro-BioRobotics@SSSA; Pontedera PI Italy
| | - Gianni Pertici
- Department of Innovative Technologies; University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI); Manno Switzerland
| | - Stefania Moscato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Pisa; Italy
| | - Delfo D'Alessandro
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Emergency Medicine; University of Pisa; Italy
| | - Elena Ciabatti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Pisa; Italy
| | - Federica Chiellini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry; University of Pisa; Italy
| | - Mario D'Acunto
- Institute of Matter Structure; Tor Vergata Research Area, CNR; Rome Italy
| | - Virgilio Mattoli
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT); Centre for Micro-BioRobotics@SSSA; Pontedera PI Italy
| | - Stefano Berrettini
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Emergency Medicine; University of Pisa; Italy
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