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Waigi EW, Pernomian L, Crockett AM, Costa TJ, Townsend P, Webb RC, McQuail JA, McCarthy CG, Hollis F, Wenceslau CF. Vascular dysfunction occurs prior to the onset of amyloid pathology and Aβ plaque deposits colocalize with endothelial cells in the hippocampus of female APPswe/PSEN1dE9 mice. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01213-0. [PMID: 38862757 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01213-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's diseases (AD). It is unknown whether systemic vascular dysfunction occurs prior to the development of AD, if this occurs in a sex-dependent manner, and whether endothelial cells play a role in the deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides. We hypothesized that vascular dysfunction occurs prior to the onset of amyloid pathology, thus escalating its progression. Furthermore, endothelial cells from female mice will present with an exacerbated formation of Aβ peptides due to an exacerbated pressure pulsatility. To test this hypothesis, we used a double transgenic mouse model of early-onset AD (APPswe/PSEN1dE9). We evaluated hippocampus-dependent recognition memory and the cardiovascular function by echocardiography and direct measurements of blood pressure through carotid artery catheterization. Vascular function was evaluated in resistance arteries, morphometric parameters in the aortas, and immunofluorescence in the hippocampus and aortas. We observed that endothelial dysfunction occurred prior to the onset of amyloid pathology irrespective of sex. However, during the onset of amyloid pathology, only female APP/PS1 mice had vascular stiffness in the aorta. There was elevated Aβ deposition which colocalized with endothelial cells in the hippocampus from female APP/PS1 mice. Overall, these data showed that vascular abnormalities may be an early marker, and potential mediator of AD, but exacerbated aortic stiffness and pressure pulsatility after the onset of amyloid pathology may be associated with a greater burden of Aβ formation in hippocampal endothelial cells from female but not male APP/PS1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily W Waigi
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Laena Pernomian
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Alexia M Crockett
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Tiago J Costa
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Paul Townsend
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Joseph A McQuail
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Cameron G McCarthy
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Fiona Hollis
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Camilla F Wenceslau
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
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Sauge E, White Z, Lizotte F, Yuen C, Atmuri NDP, Ciufolini MA, Geraldes P, Bernatchez P. Losartan and metabolite EXP3179 activate endothelial function without lowering blood pressure in AT2 receptor KO mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 977:176663. [PMID: 38815786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have documented profound release of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelium-derived hyperpolarization factor (EDHF) by angiotensin II (ANGII) receptor 1 (AT1) blocker (ARB) losartan and its unique metabolite EXP3179, a pleiotropic effect that may help rationalize the protective properties of ARBs. Since blood pressure (BP) lowering by ARBs likely require an ANGII-dependent switch from AT1 to ANGII receptor 2 (AT2) signaling, a receptor known to stimulate endothelial NO release, we investigated the contribution of AT1 and AT2 to losartan and EXP3179's endothelial function-activating properties. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Two AT1 ligands were used in an attempt to block the AT1-dependent endothelium-enhancing effects of EXP3179. AT2-null mice were used to evaluate the acute ex vivo and chronic in vivo effects of EXP3179 (20μM) and losartan (0.6 g/l), respectively, on endothelial function, BP and aortic stiffness. KEY RESULTS Ex vivo blockade of AT1 receptors did not attenuate EXP3179's effects on NO and EDHF-dependent endothelial function activation. We observed significant reductions in PE-induced contractility with EXP3179 in both WT and AT2 knockout (KO) aortic rings. In vivo, a 1-month chronic treatment with losartan did not affect pulse wave velocity (PWV) but decreased PE-induced contraction by 74.9 % in WT (p < 0.0001) and 47.3 % in AT2 KO (p < 0.05). Presence of AT2 was critical to losartan's BP lowering activity. CONCLUSION In contrast to BP lowering, the endothelial function-enhancing effects of losartan and EXP3179 are mostly independent of the classic ANGII/AT1/AT2 pathway, which sheds light on ARB pleiotropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Sauge
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, D Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zoe White
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, D Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada
| | - Farah Lizotte
- Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Christopher Yuen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, D Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada
| | - N D Prasad Atmuri
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology Division, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Marco A Ciufolini
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology Division, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Pedro Geraldes
- Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Endocrinology Division, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, D Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada.
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Nascimento-Carvalho B, da Silva BD, da Silva MB, Dos-Santos A, Ribeiro TF, da Silva Dias D, de Souza LE, Dutra MRH, Catanozi S, Caldini EG, De Angelis K, Scapini KB, Sanches IC, Irigoyen MC. Aerobic exercise attenuates dysautonomia, cardiac diastolic dysfunctions, and hemodynamic overload in female mice with atherosclerosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7835. [PMID: 38570516 PMCID: PMC10991254 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52883-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular risk increases during the aging process in women with atherosclerosis and exercise training is a strategy for management of cardiac risks in at-risk populations. Therefore, the aims of this study were to evaluate: (1) the influence of the aging process on cardiac function, hemodynamics, cardiovascular autonomic modulation, and baroreflex sensitivity in females with atherosclerosis at the onset of reproductive senescence; and (2) the impact of exercise training on age-related dysfunctions in this model. Eighteen Apolipoprotein-E knockout female mice were divided equally into young (Y), middle-aged (MA), and trained middle-aged (MAT). Echocardiographic exams were performed to verify cardiac morphology and function. Cannulation for direct recording of blood pressure and heart rate, and analysis of cardiovascular autonomic modulation, baroreflex sensitivity were performed. The MA had lower cardiac diastolic function (E'/A' ratio), and higher aortic thickness, heart rate and mean arterial pressure, lower heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity compared with Y. There were no differences between Y and MAT in these parameters. Positive correlation coefficients were found between aortic wall thickness with hemodynamics data. The aging process causes a series of deleterious effects such as hemodynamic overload and dysautonomia in female with atherosclerosis. Exercise training was effective in mitigating aged-related dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Nascimento-Carvalho
- Unidade de Hipertensao, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Durante da Silva
- Unidade de Hipertensao, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maikon Barbosa da Silva
- Unidade de Hipertensao, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano Dos-Santos
- Human Movement Lab, São Judas Tadeu University (USJT), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Danielle da Silva Dias
- Unidade de Hipertensao, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal Do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Leandro Eziquiel de Souza
- Unidade de Hipertensao, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Rascio Henriques Dutra
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Translacional, Universidade Nove de Julho (Uninove), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Physiology Exercise Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Catanozi
- Laboratorio de Lipides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clinicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Elia G Caldini
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Translacional, Universidade Nove de Julho (Uninove), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Physiology Exercise Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Claudia Irigoyen
- Unidade de Hipertensao, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Noormalal M, Schmiedel N, Bozoglu T, Matzen A, Hille S, Basha DI, Vijaya Shetty PM, Wolf A, Zaradzki M, Arif R, Pühler T, Lutter G, Wagner AH, Kupatt C, Frank D, Frey N, Remes A, Müller OJ. Regnase-1 overexpression as a therapeutic approach of Marfan syndrome. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024; 32:101163. [PMID: 38178915 PMCID: PMC10762926 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.101163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Rupture or dissection of thoracic aortic aneurysms is still the leading cause of death for patients diagnosed with Marfan syndrome. Inflammation and matrix digestion regulated by matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) play a major role in the pathological remodeling of the aortic media. Regnase-1 is an endoribonuclease shown to cleave the mRNA of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6. Considering the major anti-inflammatory effects of regnase-1, here, we aimed to determine whether adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated vascular overexpression of the protein could provide protection from the development and progression of aortic aneurysms in Marfan syndrome. The overexpression of regnase-1 resulted in a marked decrease in inflammatory parameters and elastin degradation in aortic smooth muscle cells in vitro. Intravenous injection of a vascular-targeted AAV vector resulted in the efficient transduction of the aortic wall and overexpression of regnase-1 in a murine model of Marfan syndrome, associated with lower circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines and decreased MMP expression and activity. Regnase-1 overexpression strongly improved elastin architecture in the media and reduced aortic diameter at distinct locations. Therefore, AAV-mediated regnase-1 overexpression may represent a novel gene therapy approach for inhibiting aortic aneurysms in Marfan syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Noormalal
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nesrin Schmiedel
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tarik Bozoglu
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Matzen
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne Hille
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dima Ibrahim Basha
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Prithviraj Manohar Vijaya Shetty
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anja Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcin Zaradzki
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rawa Arif
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Pühler
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University of Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Georg Lutter
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University of Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas H. Wagner
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Derk Frank
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anca Remes
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Oliver J. Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
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5
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Curry T, Barrameda ME, Thomas TC, Esfandiarei M. In vivo phenotypic vascular dysfunction extends beyond the aorta in a mouse model for fibrillin-1 (Fbn1) mutation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5779. [PMID: 38461168 PMCID: PMC10924961 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In individuals with Marfan Syndrome (MFS), fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1) mutations can lead to vascular wall weakening and dysfunction. The experimental mouse model of MFS (Fbn1C1041G/+) has been advantageous in investigating MFS-associated life-threatening aortic aneurysms. It is well established that the MFS mouse model exhibits an accelerated-aging phenotype in elastic organs like the aorta, lung, and skin. However, the impact of Fbn1 mutations on the in vivo function and structure of various artery types with the consideration of sex and age, has not been adequately explored in real-time and a clinically relevant context. In this study, we investigate if Fbn1 mutation contributes to sex-dependent alterations in central and cerebral vascular function similar to phenotypic changes associated with normal aging in healthy control mice. In vivo ultrasound imaging of central and cerebral vasculature was performed in 6-month-old male and female MFS and C57BL/6 mice and sex-matched 12-month-old (middle-aged) healthy control mice. Our findings confirm aortic enlargement (aneurysm) and wall stiffness in MFS mice, but with exacerbation in male diameters. Coronary artery blood flow velocity (BFV) in diastole was not different but left pulmonary artery BFV was decreased in MFS and 12-month-old control mice regardless of sex. At 6 months of age, MFS male mice show decreased posterior cerebral artery BFV as compared to age-matched control males, with no difference observed between female cohorts. Reduced mitral valve early-filling velocities were indicated in MFS mice regardless of sex. Male MFS mice also demonstrated left ventricular hypertrophy. Overall, these results underscore the significance of biological sex in vascular function and structure in MFS mice, while highlighting a trend of pre-mature vascular aging phenotype in MFS mice that is comparable to phenotypes observed in older healthy controls. Furthermore, this research is a vital step in understanding MFS's broader implications and sets the stage for more in-depth future analyses, while providing data-driven preclinical justification for re-evaluating diagnostic approaches and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Curry
- College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - M E Barrameda
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, 19555 N 59th Ave., Glendale, AZ, 85308, USA
| | - T Currier Thomas
- College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, 19555 N 59th Ave., Glendale, AZ, 85308, USA.
- Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- Phoenix VA Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - M Esfandiarei
- College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, 19555 N 59th Ave., Glendale, AZ, 85308, USA.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Gonzalez BA, Harmeyer SW, Song T, Sadayappan S, Yutzey KE. Dynamic changes in mitral valve extracellular matrix, tissue mechanics and function in a mouse model of Marfan syndrome. Matrix Biol 2024; 126:1-13. [PMID: 38185344 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mouse models of Marfan syndrome (MFS) with Fibrillin 1 (Fbn1) variant C1041G exhibit cardiovascular abnormalities, including myxomatous valve disease (MVD) and aortic aneurism, with structural extracellular matrix (ECM) dysregulation. In this study, we examine the structure-function-mechanics relations of the mitral valve related to specific transitions in ECM composition and organization in progressive MVD in MFS mice from Postnatal day (P)7 to 1 year-of-age. APPROACH AND RESULTS Mechanistic links between mechanical forces and biological changes in MVD progression were examined in Fbn1C1041G/+ MFS mice. By echocardiography, mitral valve dysfunction is prevalent at 2 months with a decrease in cardiac function at 6 months, followed by a preserved cardiac function at 12 months. Mitral valve (MV) regurgitation occurs in a subset of mice at 2-6 months, while progressive dilatation of the aorta occurs from 2 to 12 months. Mitral valve tissue mechanical assessments using a uniaxial Permeabilizable Fiber System demonstrate decreased stiffness of MFS MVs at all stages. Histological and microscopic analysis of ECM content, structure, and fiber orientation demonstrate that alterations in ECM mechanics, composition, and organization precede functional abnormalities in Fbn1C1041G/+MFS MVs. At 2 months, ECM abnormalities are detected with an increase in proteoglycans and decreased stiffness of the mitral valve. By 6-12 months, collagen fiber remodeling is increased with abnormal fiber organization in MFS mitral valve leaflets. At the same time, matrifibrocyte gene expression characteristic of collagen-rich connective tissue is increased, as detected by RNA in situ hybridization and qPCR. Together, these studies demonstrate early prevalence of proteoglycans at 2 months followed by upregulation of collagen structure and organization with age in MVs of MFS mice. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our data indicate dynamic regulation of mitral valve structure, tissue mechanics, and function that reflect changes in ECM composition, organization, and gene expression in progressive MVD. Notably, increased collagen fiber organization and orientation, potentially dependent on increased matrifibrocyte cell activity, is apparent with altered mitral valve mechanics and function in aging MFS mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A Gonzalez
- The Heart Institute, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Samuel W Harmeyer
- The Heart Institute, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Taejeong Song
- Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Katherine E Yutzey
- The Heart Institute, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH, USA.
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Behrmann A, Zhong D, Li L, Xie S, Mead M, Sabaeifard P, Goodarzi M, Lemoff A, Kozlitina J, Towler DA. Wnt16 Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Contractile Phenotype and Function via Taz (Wwtr1) Activation in Male LDLR-/- Mice. Endocrinology 2023; 165:bqad192. [PMID: 38123514 PMCID: PMC10765280 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Wnt16 is expressed in bone and arteries, and maintains bone mass in mice and humans, but its role in cardiovascular physiology is unknown. We show that Wnt16 protein accumulates in murine and human vascular smooth muscle (VSM). WNT16 genotypes that convey risk for bone frailty also convey risk for cardiovascular events in the Dallas Heart Study. Murine Wnt16 deficiency, which causes postnatal bone loss, also reduced systolic blood pressure. Electron microscopy demonstrated abnormal VSM mitochondrial morphology in Wnt16-null mice, with reductions in mitochondrial respiration. Following angiotensin-II (AngII) infusion, thoracic ascending aorta (TAA) dilatation was greater in Wnt16-/- vs Wnt16+/+ mice (LDLR-/- background). Acta2 (vascular smooth muscle alpha actin) deficiency has been shown to impair contractile phenotype and worsen TAA aneurysm with concomitant reductions in blood pressure. Wnt16 deficiency reduced expression of Acta2, SM22 (transgelin), and other contractile genes, and reduced VSM contraction induced by TGFβ. Acta2 and SM22 proteins were reduced in Wnt16-/- VSM as was Ankrd1, a prototypic contractile target of Yap1 and Taz activation via TEA domain (TEAD)-directed transcription. Wnt16-/- VSM exhibited reduced nuclear Taz and Yap1 protein accumulation. SiRNA targeting Wnt16 or Taz, but not Yap1, phenocopied Wnt16 deficiency, and Taz siRNA inhibited contractile gene upregulation by Wnt16. Wnt16 incubation stimulated mitochondrial respiration and contraction (reversed by verteporfin, a Yap/Taz inhibitor). SiRNA targeting Taz inhibitors Ccm2 and Lats1/2 mimicked Wnt16 treatment. Wnt16 stimulated Taz binding to Acta2 chromatin and H3K4me3 methylation. TEAD cognates in the Acta2 promoter conveyed transcriptional responses to Wnt16 and Taz. Wnt16 regulates cardiovascular physiology and VSM contractile phenotype, mediated via Taz signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Behrmann
- Internal Medicine—Endocrine Division and the Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dalian Zhong
- Internal Medicine—Endocrine Division and the Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Li Li
- Internal Medicine—Endocrine Division and the Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shangkui Xie
- Internal Medicine—Endocrine Division and the Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Megan Mead
- Internal Medicine—Endocrine Division and the Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Parastoo Sabaeifard
- Internal Medicine—Endocrine Division and the Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | | | - Andrew Lemoff
- Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Julia Kozlitina
- McDermott Center for Human Development, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dwight A Towler
- Internal Medicine—Endocrine Division and the Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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8
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Curry T, Barrameda ME, Currier Thomas T, Esfandiarei M. In Vivo Phenotypic Vascular Dysfunction Extends Beyond the Aorta in a Mouse Model for Fibrillin-1 ( FBN1 ) Mutation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.18.567641. [PMID: 38014144 PMCID: PMC10680800 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.18.567641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
In individuals with Marfan Syndrome (MFS), fibrillin-1 gene ( FBN1 ) mutations can lead to vascular wall weakening and dysfunction. The experimental mouse model of MFS ( FBN1 C1041G/+ ) has been advantageous in investigating MFS-associated life-threatening aortic aneurysms. Although the MFS mouse model presents an accelerated-aging phenotype in elastic organs (e.g., lung, skin), the impact of FBN1 mutations on other central and peripheral arteries function and structure with the consideration of the impact of sex remains underexplored. In this study, we investigate if FBN1 mutation contributes to sex-dependent alterations in central and cerebral vascular function similar to phenotypic changes associated with normal aging in healthy control mice. In vivo ultrasound imaging of central and cerebral vasculature was performed in 6-month-old male and female MFS and C57BL/6 mice and sex-matched 12-month-old (middle-aged) healthy control mice. Our findings confirm aortic enlargement (aneurysm) and wall stiffness in MFS mice, but with exacerbation in male diameters. Coronary artery blood flow velocity (BFV) in diastole was not different but left pulmonary artery BFV was decreased in MFS and 12-month-old control mice regardless of sex. At 6 months of age, MFS male mice show decreased posterior cerebral artery BFV as compared to age-matched control males, with no difference observed between female cohorts. Reduced mitral valve early-filling velocities were indicated in MFS mice regardless of sex. Male MFS mice also demonstrated left ventricular hypertrophy. Overall, these results underscore the significance of biological sex in vascular function and structure in MFS mice, while highlighting a trend of pre-mature vascular aging phenotype in MFS mice that is comparable to phenotypes observed in older healthy controls.
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9
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Benny M, Sharma M, Kulandavelu S, Chen P, Tian R, Ballengee S, Huang J, Levine AF, Claure M, Schmidt AF, Vazquez-Padron RI, Rodrigues CO, Wu S, Velazquez OC, Young KC. Protective role of CXCR7 activation in neonatal hyperoxia-induced systemic vascular remodeling and cardiovascular dysfunction in juvenile rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19538. [PMID: 37945645 PMCID: PMC10636097 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46422-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hyperoxia induces long-term systemic vascular stiffness and cardiovascular remodeling, but the mechanisms are unclear. Chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) represents a key regulator of vascular homeostasis and repair by modulating TGF-β1 signaling. This study investigated whether pharmacological CXCR7 agonism prevents neonatal hyperoxia-induced systemic vascular stiffness and cardiac dysfunction in juvenile rats. Newborn Sprague Dawley rat pups assigned to room air or hyperoxia (85% oxygen), received CXCR7 agonist, TC14012 or placebo for 3 weeks. These rat pups were maintained in room air until 6 weeks when aortic pulse wave velocity doppler, cardiac echocardiography, aortic and left ventricular (LV) fibrosis were assessed. Neonatal hyperoxia induced systemic vascular stiffness and cardiac dysfunction in 6-week-old rats. This was associated with decreased aortic and LV CXCR7 expression. Early treatment with TC14012, partially protected against neonatal hyperoxia-induced systemic vascular stiffness and improved LV dysfunction and fibrosis in juvenile rats by decreasing TGF-β1 expression. In vitro, hyperoxia-exposed human umbilical arterial endothelial cells and coronary artery endothelial cells had increased TGF-β1 levels. However, treatment with TC14012 significantly reduced the TGF-β1 levels. These results suggest that dysregulation of endothelial CXCR7 signaling may contribute to neonatal hyperoxia-induced systemic vascular stiffness and cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merline Benny
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10Th Avenue, RM-344, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Mayank Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10Th Avenue, RM-344, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Shathiyah Kulandavelu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10Th Avenue, RM-344, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - PingPing Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10Th Avenue, RM-344, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Runxia Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10Th Avenue, RM-344, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sydne Ballengee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10Th Avenue, RM-344, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jiang Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10Th Avenue, RM-344, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Amanda F Levine
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10Th Avenue, RM-344, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Matteo Claure
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10Th Avenue, RM-344, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Augusto F Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10Th Avenue, RM-344, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Claudia O Rodrigues
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Shu Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10Th Avenue, RM-344, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Omaida C Velazquez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Karen C Young
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10Th Avenue, RM-344, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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10
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Sharma RK, Kamble SH, Krishnan S, Gomes J, To B, Li S, Liu IC, Gumz ML, Mohandas R. Involvement of lysyl oxidase in the pathogenesis of arterial stiffness in chronic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 324:F364-F373. [PMID: 36825626 PMCID: PMC10069822 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00239.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk for adverse cardiovascular events. CKD is associated with increases in arterial stiffness, whereas improvements in arterial stiffness correlate with better survival. However, arterial stiffness is increased early in CKD, suggesting that there might be additional factors, unique to kidney disease, that increase arterial stiffness. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is a key mediator of collagen cross linking and matrix remodeling. LOX is predominantly expressed in the cardiovascular system, and its upregulation has been associated with increased tissue stiffening and extracellular matrix remodeling. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the role of increased LOX activity in inducing aortic stiffness in CKD and whether β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN), a LOX inhibitor, could prevent aortic stiffness by reducing collagen cross linking. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx) or sham surgery. Two weeks after surgery, mice were randomized to BAPN (300 mg/kg/day in water) or vehicle treatment for 4 wk. Aortic stiffness was assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV) using Doppler ultrasound. Aortic levels of LOX were assessed by ELISA, and cross-linked total collagen levels were analyzed by mass spectrometry and Sircol assay. Nx mice showed increased PWV and aortic wall remodeling compared with control mice. Collagen cross linking was increased in parallel with the increases in total collagen in the aorta of Nx mice. In contrast, Nx mice that received BAPN treatment showed decreased cross-linked collagens and PWV compared with that received vehicle treatment. Our results indicated that LOX might be an early and key mediator of aortic stiffness in CKD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Arterial stiffness in CKD is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying increased aortic stiffness in CKD are unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that 1) increased aortic stiffness in CKD is independent of hypertension and calcification and 2) LOX-mediated changes in extracellular matrix are at least in part responsible for increased aortic stiffness in CKD. Prevention of excess LOX may have therapeutic potential in alleviating increased aortic stiffness and improving cardiovascular disease in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra K Sharma
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Shyam H Kamble
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Suraj Krishnan
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Joshua Gomes
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Brandon To
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Shiyu Li
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - I-Chia Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Michelle L Gumz
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Rajesh Mohandas
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
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11
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Ahn BY, Jeong Y, Kim S, Zhang Y, Kim SW, Leem YE, Kang JS. Cdon suppresses vascular smooth muscle calcification via repression of the Wnt/Runx2 Axis. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:120-131. [PMID: 36609601 PMCID: PMC9898282 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00909-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a risk factor associated with vascular diseases. Wnt signaling is one of the major mechanisms implicated in the osteogenic conversion of VSMCs. Since Cdon has a negative effect on Wnt signaling in distinct cellular processes, we sought to investigate the role of Cdon in vascular calcification. The expression of Cdon was significantly downregulated in VSMCs of the aortas of patients with atherosclerosis and aortic stenosis. Consistently, calcification models, including vitamin D3 (VD3)-injected mice and VSMCs cultured with calcifying media, exhibited reduced Cdon expression. Cdon ablation mice (cKO) exhibited exacerbated aortic stiffness and calcification in response to VD3 compared to the controls. Cdon depletion induced the osteogenic conversion of VSMCs accompanied by cellular senescence. The Cdon-deficient aortas showed a significant alteration in gene expression related to cell proliferation and differentiation together with Wnt signaling regulators. Consistently, Cdon depletion or overexpression in VSMCs elevated or attenuated Wnt-reporter activities, respectively. The deletion mutant of the second immunoglobulin domain (Ig2) in the Cdon ectodomain failed to suppress Wnt signaling and osteogenic conversion of VSMCs. Furthermore, treatment with purified recombinant proteins of the entire ectodomain or Ig2 domain of Cdon displayed suppressive effects on Wnt signaling and VSMC calcification. Our results demonstrate a protective role of Cdon in VSMC calcification by suppressing Wnt signaling. The Ig2 domain of Cdon has the potential as a therapeutic tool to prevent vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Yun Ahn
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yideul Jeong
- Research Institute of Aging Related Disease, AniMusCure, Inc., Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sunghee Kim
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yan Zhang
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Su Woo Kim
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Young-Eun Leem
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
| | - Jong-Sun Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
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12
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Tehrani AY, White Z, Tung LW, Zhao RRY, Milad N, Seidman MA, Sauge E, Theret M, Rossi FMV, Esfandiarei M, van Breemen C, Bernatchez P. Pleiotropic activation of endothelial function by angiotensin II receptor blockers is crucial to their protective anti-vascular remodeling effects. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9771. [PMID: 35697767 PMCID: PMC9192586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13772-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There are no therapeutics that directly enhance chronic endothelial nitric oxide (NO) release, which is typically associated with vascular homeostasis. In contrast, angiotensin II (AngII) receptor type 1 (AT1R) blockers (ARBs) can attenuate AngII-mediated oxidative stress, which often leads to increased endothelial NO bioavailability. Herein, we investigate the potential presence of direct, AngII/AT1R-independent ARB class effects on endothelial NO release and how this may result in enhanced aortic wall homeostasis and endothelial NO-specific transcriptome changes. Treatment of mice with four different ARBs induced sustained, long-term inhibition of vascular contractility by up to 82% at 16 weeks and 63% at 2 weeks, an effect reversed by L-NAME and absent in endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) KO mice or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril-treated animals. In absence of AngII or in tissues with blunted AT1R expression or incubated with an AT2R blocker, telmisartan reduced vascular tone, supporting AngII/AT1R-independent pleiotropism. Finally, telmisartan was able to inhibit aging- and Marfan syndrome (MFS)-associated aortic root widening in NO-sensitive, BP-independent fashions, and correct aberrant TGF-β signaling. RNAseq analyses of aortic tissues identified early eNOS-specific transcriptome reprogramming of the aortic wall in response to telmisartan. This study suggests that ARBs are capable of major class effects on vasodilatory NO release in fashions that may not involve blockade of the AngII/AT1R pathway. Broader prophylactic use of ARBs along with identification of non-AngII/AT1R pathways activated by telmisartan should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Y Tehrani
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Room 217, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Zoe White
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Room 217, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lin Wei Tung
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Roy Ru Yi Zhao
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Room 217, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Nadia Milad
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Room 217, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Michael A Seidman
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elodie Sauge
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Room 217, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Marine Theret
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mitra Esfandiarei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Room 217, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Casey van Breemen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Room 217, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Room 217, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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13
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Guido MC, Lopes NDM, Albuquerque CI, Tavares ER, Jensen L, Carvalho PDO, Tavoni TM, Dias RR, Pereira LDV, Laurindo FRM, Maranhão RC. Treatment With Methotrexate Associated With Lipid Core Nanoparticles Prevents Aortic Dilation in a Murine Model of Marfan Syndrome. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:893774. [PMID: 35757348 PMCID: PMC9226570 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.893774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In Marfan syndrome (MFS), dilation, dissection, and rupture of the aorta occur. Inflammation can be involved in the pathogenicity of aortic defects and can thus be a therapeutic target for MFS. Previously, we showed that the formulation of methotrexate (MTX) associated with lipid nanoparticles (LDE) has potent anti-inflammatory effects without toxicity. To investigate whether LDEMTX treatment can prevent the development of aortic lesions in the MFS murine model. MgΔloxPneo MFS (n = 40) and wild-type (WT, n = 60) mice were allocated to 6 groups weekly injected with IP solutions of: (1) only LDE; (2) commercial MTX; (3) LDEMTX (dose = 1mg/kg) between 3rd and 6th months of life. After 12 weeks of treatments, animals were examined by echocardiography and euthanatized for morphometric and molecular studies. MFS mice treated with LDEMTX showed narrower lumens in the aortic arch, as well as in the ascending and descending aorta. LDEMTX reduced fibrosis and the number of dissections in MFS but not the number of elastic fiber disruptions. In MFS mice, LDEMTX treatment lowered protein expression of pro-inflammatory factors macrophages (CD68), T-lymphocytes (CD3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), apoptotic factor cleaved-caspase 3, and type 1 collagen and lowered the protein expression of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), extracellular signal-regulated kinases ½ (ERK1/2), and SMAD3. Protein expression of CD68 and CD3 had a positive correlation with an area of aortic lumen (r2 = 0.36; p < 0.001), suggesting the importance of inflammation in the causative mechanisms of aortic dilation. Enhanced adenosine availability by LDEMTX was suggested by higher aortic expression of an anti-adenosine A2a receptor (A2a) and lower adenosine deaminase expression. Commercial MTX had negligible effects. LDEMTX prevented the development of MFS-associated aortic defects and can thus be a candidate for testing in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Guido
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids, Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalia de Menezes Lopes
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids, Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Inagaki Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids, Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine Rufo Tavares
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids, Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Jensen
- Laboratory of Hypertension, Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila de Oliveira Carvalho
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids, Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thauany Martins Tavoni
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids, Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro Dias
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lygia da Veiga Pereira
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Raul Cavalcante Maranhão
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids, Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Raul Cavalcante Maranhão
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14
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Weismann CG, Hlebowicz J, Åkesson A, Liuba P, Hanseus K. Comprehensive Characterization of Arterial and Cardiac Function in Marfan Syndrome-Can Biomarkers Help Improve Outcome? Front Physiol 2022; 13:873373. [PMID: 35547588 PMCID: PMC9081671 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.873373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Marfan Syndrome (MFS) has been associated with increased aortic stiffness and left ventricular dysfunction. The latter may be due to the underlying genotype and/or secondary to aortic stiffening (vascular-ventricular interaction). The aim of this study was to characterize arterial and cardiac function in MFS using a multimodal approach. Methods: Prospective observational study of MFS patients and healthy controls. Methods included echocardiography, ascending aortic distensibility, common carotid intima media thickness [cIMT], parameters of wave reflection, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [cfPWV]), reactive hyperemia index [RHI], and biomarker analysis (Olink, CVII panel). Results: We included 20 patients with MFS and 67 controls. Ascending aortic distensibility, cIMT and RHI were decreased, while all parameters of arterial wave reflection, stiffness and BNP levels were increased in the MFS group. Both systolic and diastolic function were impaired relative to controls. Within the MFS group, no significant correlation between arterial and cardiac function was identified. However, cfPWV correlated significantly with indexed left ventricular mass and volume in MFS. Bran natriuretic peptide (BNP) was the only biomarker significantly elevated in MFS following correction for age and sex. Conclusions: MFS patients have generally increased aortic stiffness, endothelial dysfunction and BNP levels while cIMT is decreased, supporting that the mechanism of general stiffening is different from acquired vascular disease. CfPWV is associated with cardiac size, blood pressure and BNP in MFS patients. These may be early markers of disease progression that are suitable for monitoring pharmacological treatment effects in MFS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance G Weismann
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Heart Center, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Joanna Hlebowicz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Åkesson
- Clinical Studies Sweden - Froum South, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Petru Liuba
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Heart Center, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Katarina Hanseus
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Heart Center, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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15
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Zhuang R, Chen J, Cheng HS, Assa C, Jamaiyar A, Pandey AK, Pérez-Cremades D, Zhang B, Tzani A, Khyrul Wara A, Plutzky J, Barrera V, Bhetariya P, Mitchell RN, Liu Z, Feinberg MW. Perivascular Fibrosis Is Mediated by a KLF10-IL-9 Signaling Axis in CD4+ T Cells. Circ Res 2022; 130:1662-1681. [PMID: 35440172 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.320420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perivascular fibrosis, characterized by increased amount of connective tissue around vessels, is a hallmark for vascular disease. Ang II (angiotensin II) contributes to vascular disease and end-organ damage via promoting T-cell activation. Despite recent data suggesting the role of T cells in the progression of perivascular fibrosis, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. METHODS TF (transcription factor) profiling was performed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of hypertensive patients. CD4-targeted KLF10 (Kruppel like factor 10)-deficient (Klf10fl/flCD4Cre+; [TKO]) and CD4-Cre (Klf10+/+CD4Cre+; (Cre)) control mice were subjected to Ang II infusion. End point characterization included cardiac echocardiography, aortic imaging, multiorgan histology, flow cytometry, cytokine analysis, aorta and fibroblast transcriptomic analysis, and aortic single-cell RNA-sequencing. RESULTS TF profiling identified increased KLF10 expression in hypertensive human subjects and in CD4+ T cells in Ang II-treated mice. TKO mice showed enhanced perivascular fibrosis, but not interstitial fibrosis, in aorta, heart, and kidney in response to Ang II, accompanied by alterations in global longitudinal strain, arterial stiffness, and kidney function compared with Cre control mice. However, blood pressure was unchanged between the 2 groups. Mechanistically, KLF10 bound to the IL (interleukin)-9 promoter and interacted with HDAC1 (histone deacetylase 1) inhibit IL-9 transcription. Increased IL-9 in TKO mice induced fibroblast intracellular calcium mobilization, fibroblast activation, and differentiation and increased production of collagen and extracellular matrix, thereby promoting the progression of perivascular fibrosis and impairing target organ function. Remarkably, injection of anti-IL9 antibodies reversed perivascular fibrosis in Ang II-infused TKO mice and C57BL/6 mice. Single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed fibroblast heterogeneity with activated signatures associated with robust ECM (extracellular matrix) and perivascular fibrosis in Ang II-treated TKO mice. CONCLUSIONS CD4+ T cell deficiency of Klf10 exacerbated perivascular fibrosis and multi-organ dysfunction in response to Ang II via upregulation of IL-9. Klf10 or IL-9 in T cells might represent novel therapeutic targets for treatment of vascular or fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rulin Zhuang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.Z., J.C., H.S.C., C.A., A.J., A.K.P., D.P.-C., B.Z., A.T., A.K.W., J.P., M.W.F.).,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (R.Z., Z.L.)
| | - Jingshu Chen
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.Z., J.C., H.S.C., C.A., A.J., A.K.P., D.P.-C., B.Z., A.T., A.K.W., J.P., M.W.F.)
| | - Henry S Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.Z., J.C., H.S.C., C.A., A.J., A.K.P., D.P.-C., B.Z., A.T., A.K.W., J.P., M.W.F.)
| | - Carmel Assa
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.Z., J.C., H.S.C., C.A., A.J., A.K.P., D.P.-C., B.Z., A.T., A.K.W., J.P., M.W.F.)
| | - Anurag Jamaiyar
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.Z., J.C., H.S.C., C.A., A.J., A.K.P., D.P.-C., B.Z., A.T., A.K.W., J.P., M.W.F.)
| | - Arvind K Pandey
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.Z., J.C., H.S.C., C.A., A.J., A.K.P., D.P.-C., B.Z., A.T., A.K.W., J.P., M.W.F.)
| | - Daniel Pérez-Cremades
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.Z., J.C., H.S.C., C.A., A.J., A.K.P., D.P.-C., B.Z., A.T., A.K.W., J.P., M.W.F.).,Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, and INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Spain (D.P.-C.)
| | - Bofang Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.Z., J.C., H.S.C., C.A., A.J., A.K.P., D.P.-C., B.Z., A.T., A.K.W., J.P., M.W.F.)
| | - Aspasia Tzani
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.Z., J.C., H.S.C., C.A., A.J., A.K.P., D.P.-C., B.Z., A.T., A.K.W., J.P., M.W.F.)
| | - Akm Khyrul Wara
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.Z., J.C., H.S.C., C.A., A.J., A.K.P., D.P.-C., B.Z., A.T., A.K.W., J.P., M.W.F.)
| | - Jorge Plutzky
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.Z., J.C., H.S.C., C.A., A.J., A.K.P., D.P.-C., B.Z., A.T., A.K.W., J.P., M.W.F.)
| | - Victor Barrera
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (V.B., P.B.)
| | - Preetida Bhetariya
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (V.B., P.B.)
| | - Richard N Mitchell
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.N.M.)
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (R.Z., Z.L.)
| | - Mark W Feinberg
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.Z., J.C., H.S.C., C.A., A.J., A.K.P., D.P.-C., B.Z., A.T., A.K.W., J.P., M.W.F.)
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16
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Imaging Techniques for Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections in Mice: Comparisons of Ex Vivo, In Situ, and Ultrasound Approaches. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020339. [PMID: 35204838 PMCID: PMC8869425 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysms and dissections are life-threatening conditions that have a high risk for lethal bleeding and organ malperfusion. Many studies have investigated the molecular basis of these diseases using mouse models. In mice, ex vivo, in situ, and ultrasound imaging are major approaches to evaluate aortic diameters, a common parameter to determine the severity of aortic aneurysms. However, accurate evaluations of aortic dimensions by these imaging approaches could be challenging due to pathological features of aortic aneurysms. Currently, there is no standardized mode to assess aortic dissections in mice. It is important to understand the characteristics of each approach for reliable evaluation of aortic dilatations. In this review, we summarize imaging techniques used for aortic visualization in recent mouse studies and discuss their pros and cons. We also provide suggestions to facilitate the visualization of mouse aortas.
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17
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Nettersheim FS, Lemties J, Braumann S, Geißen S, Bokredenghel S, Nies R, Hof A, Winkels H, Freeman BA, Klinke A, Rudolph V, Baldus S, Mehrkens D, Mollenhauer M, Adam M. Nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA) reduces thoracic aortic aneurysm progression in a mouse model of Marfan syndrome. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2211-2225. [PMID: 34324651 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in the Fibrillin-1 gene. It is associated with formation of thoracic aortic aneurysms that can potentially be a life-threatening condition due to aortic rupture or dissection. Excessive non-canonical transforming growth factor beta signalling, mediated by activation of extracellular-signal regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2)-dependent nitric oxide production have been identified to drive aortic pathology in MFS through induction of elastin fragmentation and smooth muscle cell apoptosis. Despite promising results in animal studies, specific pharmacological interventions approved for clinical use in patients with MFS-related aortic disease are rare. Nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA) is an endogenously generated signalling modulator, which is available as an oral compound and has been shown to inhibit ERK1/2 activation and NOS2 expression in different disease models, thereby exerting promising therapeutic effects. In this study, we investigated whether NO2-OA decreases aortic dilation in MFS. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight-week-old MFS (Fbn1C1041G/+) mice were treated with NO2-OA or vehicle for four weeks via subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipumps. Echocardiography indicated progressive ascending aortic dilation and wall stiffening in MFS mice, which was significantly attenuated by NO2-OA treatment. This protective effect was mediated by inhibition of aortic ERK1/2, Smad2 as well as nuclear factor kappa B overactivation and consequent attenuation of elastin fragmentation by matrix metalloproteinase 2, apoptosis and collagen deposition. Critically, the therapeutic efficacy of NO2-OA in MFS was further emphasized by demonstrating its capability to reduce lethal aortic complications in Fbn1C1041G/+mice challenged with Angiotensin II. CONCLUSION NO2-OA distinctly attenuates progression of aortic dilation in MFS via modulation of well-established disease-mediating pathways, thereby meriting further investigation into its application as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of this condition. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE Thoracic aortic aneurysm formation is the major life-threatening complication of Marfan syndrome, a relatively common genetic connective tissue disorder. Although various potential therapeutic targets have been identified, specific pharmacological treatment options are still unavailable. In this study, we demonstrate that Nitro-oleic acid reduces ascending aortic elastin fragmentation, apoptosis, and fibrotic remodelling in Marfan syndrome through inhibition of extracellular-signal regulated kinases 1/2, Smad2 as well as nuclear factor kappa B overactivation and thereby mitigates aneurysm formation. Thus, Nitro-oleic acid, which has been developed as an oral compound, emerges as a potential treatment option for Marfan-related aortic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Sebastian Nettersheim
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julian Lemties
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Braumann
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Geißen
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Senai Bokredenghel
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Richard Nies
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Hof
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Holger Winkels
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bruce A Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Anna Klinke
- Agnes-Wittenborg-Institute, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Volker Rudolph
- Agnes-Wittenborg-Institute, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Stephan Baldus
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis Mehrkens
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Mollenhauer
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matti Adam
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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18
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Ogola BO, Clark GL, Abshire CM, Harris NR, Gentry KL, Gunda SS, Kilanowski-Doroh I, Wong TJ, Visniauskas B, Lawrence DJ, Zimmerman MA, Bayer CL, Groban L, Miller KS, Lindsey SH. Sex and the G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor Impact Vascular Stiffness. Hypertension 2021; 78:e1-e14. [PMID: 34024124 PMCID: PMC8192475 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Benard O. Ogola
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Gabrielle L. Clark
- Tulane University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Caleb M. Abshire
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Kaylee L. Gentry
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Shreya S. Gunda
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Tristen J. Wong
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Dylan J. Lawrence
- Tulane University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Carolyn L. Bayer
- Tulane University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Leanne Groban
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kristin S. Miller
- Tulane University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sarah H. Lindsey
- Tulane University, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA, USA
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19
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Tehrani AY, White Z, Milad N, Esfandiarei M, Seidman MA, Bernatchez P. Blood pressure-independent inhibition of Marfan aortic root widening by the angiotensin II receptor blocker valsartan. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14877. [PMID: 34042309 PMCID: PMC8157789 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a genetic disorder that results in accelerated aortic root widening and aneurysm. However, management of MFS patients with blood pressure (BP)-lowering medications, such as angiotensin II (AngII) receptor blocker (ARB) losartan, continues to pose challenges due to their questionable efficacy at attenuating the rate of aortic root widening in patients. Herein we investigate the anti-aortic root widening effects of a sub-BP-lowering dose valsartan, an ARB previously linked to non-BP lowering anti-remodeling effects. Despite absence of BP-lowering effects, valsartan attenuated MFS aortic root widening by 75.9%, which was similar to a hypotensive dose of losartan (79.4%) when assessed by ultrasound echocardiography. Medial thickening, elastic fiber fragmentation, and phospho-ERK signaling were also inhibited to a similar degree with both treatments. Valsartan and losartan decreased vascular contractility ex vivo between 60% and 80%, in a nitric oxide (NO)-sensitive fashion. Valsartan increased acetylcholine (Ach)-induced vessel relaxation and phospho-eNOS levels in the aortic vessel supporting BP-independent activation of protective endothelial function, which is critical to ARB-mediated aortic root stability. This study supports the concept of achieving aortic root stability with valsartan in absence of BP-lowering effects, which may help address efficacy and compliance issues with losartan-based MFS patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Y. Tehrani
- Centre for Heart Lung InnovationUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Department of AnesthesiologyPharmacology & TherapeuticsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Zoe White
- Centre for Heart Lung InnovationUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Department of AnesthesiologyPharmacology & TherapeuticsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Nadia Milad
- Centre for Heart Lung InnovationUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Department of AnesthesiologyPharmacology & TherapeuticsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Mitra Esfandiarei
- Department of AnesthesiologyPharmacology & TherapeuticsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Department of Biomedical SciencesCollege of Graduate StudiesMidwestern UniversityGlendaleArizonaUSA
| | - Michael A. Seidman
- Centre for Heart Lung InnovationDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Centre for Heart Lung InnovationUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Department of AnesthesiologyPharmacology & TherapeuticsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
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20
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Tang M, Hong L, Li H, Chen W, Tai L, Minshall R, Huang W, Chen J. Stiffness of aortic arch and carotid arteries increases in ApoE-knockout mice with high-fat diet: evidence from echocardiography. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:1352-1364. [PMID: 33841661 PMCID: PMC8014403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness is an effective predictor of atherosclerosis. Measurement of pulse-wave velocity (PWV) is a gold-standard approach to study arterial stiffness. This study aims to examine arterial stiffness and heart functions via echocardiography at an early stage of atherosclerosis. A model of atherosclerosis in ApoE-knockout (ApoE-/- ) mice fed on high-fat diet (HFD) was used, with normal chow diet (ND) as a control. Stiffness of aortic arch and carotid arteries and left ventricular (LV) systolic/diastolic functions were measured by echocardiography. The plasma cholesterol levels and atherosclerotic plaque areas in the aortas were measured. The PWV values of aortic arch and carotid arteries were compared at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks with different diets. Compared with ND mice, PWV values in aortic arch and carotid arteries were significantly increased in HFD mice after 8 weeks (Aortic arch: 516.65 ± 216.89 cm/s vs. 192.53 ± 71.71 cm/s; Carotid arteries: 514.26 ± 211.01 cm/s vs. 188.03 ± 75.14 cm/s, respectively; both P < 0.01) accompanied by the decrease in LV systolic/diastolic functions. These were well correlated with the increase in plasma cholesterol levels. Echo-based PWV measurement in the aortic arch was found more sensitive to predict atherosclerosis than in the carotid arteries in ApoE-/- mice. Measuring aortic arch PWV via echocardiography could represent a new diagnostic strategy for early detection of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Tang
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL 60612, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
| | - Liang Hong
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Haibin Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL 60612, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical UniversityJining 272067, China
| | - Wanshi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400014, China
| | - Leon Tai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Richard Minshall
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
| | - Jiwang Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL 60612, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL 60612, USA
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21
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Jannasch A, Schnabel C, Galli R, Faak S, Büttner P, Dittfeld C, Tugtekin SM, Koch E, Matschke K. Optical coherence tomography and multiphoton microscopy offer new options for the quantification of fibrotic aortic valve disease in ApoE -/- mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5834. [PMID: 33712671 PMCID: PMC7955095 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic valve sclerosis is characterized as the thickening of the aortic valve without obstruction of the left ventricular outflow. It has a prevalence of 30% in people over 65 years old. Aortic valve sclerosis represents a cardiovascular risk marker because it may progress to moderate or severe aortic valve stenosis. Thus, the early recognition and management of aortic valve sclerosis are of cardinal importance. We examined the aortic valve geometry and structure from healthy C57Bl6 wild type and age-matched hyperlipidemic ApoE-/- mice with aortic valve sclerosis using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and multiphoton microscopy (MPM) and compared results with histological analyses. Early fibrotic thickening, especially in the tip region of the native aortic valve leaflets from the ApoE-/- mice, was detectable in a precise spatial resolution using OCT. Evaluation of the second harmonic generation signal using MPM demonstrated that collagen content decreased in all aortic valve leaflet regions in the ApoE-/- mice. Lipid droplets and cholesterol crystals were detected using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering in the tissue from the ApoE-/- mice. Here, we demonstrated that OCT and MPM, which are fast and precise contactless imaging approaches, are suitable for defining early morphological and structural alterations of sclerotic murine aortic valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anett Jannasch
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Centre Dresden, Fetscherstraße 76, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Christian Schnabel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Roberta Galli
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Saskia Faak
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Centre Dresden, Fetscherstraße 76, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Petra Büttner
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig At University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claudia Dittfeld
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Centre Dresden, Fetscherstraße 76, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sems Malte Tugtekin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Centre Dresden, Fetscherstraße 76, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Edmund Koch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Klaus Matschke
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Centre Dresden, Fetscherstraße 76, 01307, Dresden, Germany
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22
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The Progress of Advanced Ultrasonography in Assessing Aortic Stiffness and the Application Discrepancy between Humans and Rodents. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11030454. [PMID: 33800855 PMCID: PMC8001300 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic stiffening is a fundamental pathological alteration of atherosclerosis and other various aging-associated vascular diseases, and it is also an independent risk factor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Ultrasonography is a critical non-invasive method widely used in assessing aortic structure, function, and hemodynamics in humans, playing a crucial role in predicting the pathogenesis and adverse outcomes of vascular diseases. However, its applications in rodent models remain relatively limited, hindering the progress of the research. Here, we summarized the progress of the advanced ultrasonographic techniques applied in evaluating aortic stiffness. With multiple illustrative images, we mainly characterized various ultrasound techniques in assessing aortic stiffness based on the alterations of aortic structure, hemodynamics, and tissue motion. We also discussed the discrepancy of their applications in humans and rodents and explored the potential optimized strategies in the experimental research with animal models. This updated information would help to better understand the nature of ultrasound techniques and provide a valuable prospect for their applications in assessing aortic stiffness in basic science research, particularly with small animals.
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23
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Cui JZ, Harris KC, Raedschelders K, Hollander Z, Potts JE, De Souza A, Kiess M, McManus BM, Bernatchez P, Raffin LA, Paine H, van Breemen C, Sandor GGS, Esfandiarei M. Aortic Dimensions, Biophysical Properties, and Plasma Biomarkers in Children and Adults with Marfan or Loeys-Dietz Syndrome. CJC Open 2020; 3:585-594. [PMID: 34027363 PMCID: PMC8134910 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2020.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aortic dilation, stiffening, and dissection are common and potentially lethal complications of Marfan syndrome (MFS) and Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS), which involve abnormal transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signalling. The relation of aortic dimensions, stiffness, and biomarker levels is unknown. The objective of this study was to measure aortic dimensions, stiffness, TGF-β and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) levels, and endothelial function in patients with MFS, and to compare TGF-β levels in patients with MFS receiving different therapeutic regimens. Methods This was a cohort study of 40 MFS and 4 LDS patients and 87 control participants. Aortic dimension and stiffness indexes, including pulse wave velocity (PWV), were measured using echocardiography and Doppler. Total and free TGF-β and MMP blood levels were measured using Quantikine (R&D Systems, Inc, Minneapolis, MN) and Quanterix (Billerica, MA) kits. Endothelial function was measured using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation. Results PWV was increased in patients with MFS. There were increased MMP-2 levels in those with MFS but no increase in free or total TGF-β or MMP-9 levels compared with control participants. There was no difference in TGF-β levels between MFS patients receiving no medications, angiotensin receptor blockers, and β-blockers. PWV correlated most strongly with age. Endothelial function showed premature gradual decline in patients with MFS. Conclusions Despite the increased PWV, monitoring aortic stiffness or TGF-β levels would not be helpful in patients with MFS. TGF-β levels were not increased and the increased MMP-2 levels suggest consideration of a different therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Z Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Kevin C Harris
- Children's Heart Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Koen Raedschelders
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute at Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zsuzsanna Hollander
- UBC James Hogg Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - James E Potts
- Children's Heart Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Astrid De Souza
- Children's Heart Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marla Kiess
- Division of Cardiology, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bruce M McManus
- UBC James Hogg Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leslie A Raffin
- Children's Heart Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Heidi Paine
- Children's Heart Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cornelis van Breemen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - George G S Sandor
- Children's Heart Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mitra Esfandiarei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, USA
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24
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Benny M, Hernandez DR, Sharma M, Yousefi K, Kulandavelu S, Batlahally S, Zambrano R, Chen P, Martinez EC, Schmidt AF, Shehadeh LA, Vasquez-Padron RI, Wu S, Velazquez OC, Young KC. Neonatal hyperoxia exposure induces aortic biomechanical alterations and cardiac dysfunction in juvenile rats. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14334. [PMID: 31925922 PMCID: PMC6954121 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplemental oxygen (O2) therapy in preterm infants impairs lung development, but the impact of O2 on long‐term systemic vascular structure and function has not been well‐explored. The present study tested the hypothesis that neonatal O2 therapy induces long‐term structural and functional alterations in the systemic vasculature, resulting in vascular stiffness observed in children and young adults born preterm. Newborn Sprague‐Dawley rats were exposed to normoxia (21% O2) or hyperoxia (85% O2) for 1 and 3 weeks. A subgroup exposed to 3 weeks hyperoxia was recovered in normoxia for an additional 3 weeks. Aortic stiffness was assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV) using Doppler ultrasound and pressure myography. Aorta remodeling was assessed by collagen deposition and expression. Left ventricular (LV) function was assessed by echocardiography. We found that neonatal hyperoxia exposure increased vascular stiffness at 3 weeks, which persisted after normoxic recovery at 6 weeks of age. These findings were accompanied by increased PWV, aortic remodeling, and altered LV function as evidenced by decreased ejection fraction, cardiac output, and stroke volume. Importantly, these functional changes were associated with increased collagen deposition in the aorta. Together, these findings demonstrate that neonatal hyperoxia induces early and sustained biomechanical alterations in the systemic vasculature and impairs LV function. Early identification of preterm infants who are at risk of developing systemic vascular dysfunction will be crucial in developing targeted prevention strategies that may improve the long‐term cardiovascular outcomes in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merline Benny
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Diana R Hernandez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Mayank Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Keyvan Yousefi
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Shathiyah Kulandavelu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Sunil Batlahally
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Ronald Zambrano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Pingping Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Eliana C Martinez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Augusto F Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Lina A Shehadeh
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Shu Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Omaida C Velazquez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Karen C Young
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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25
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Komnenov D, Levanovich PE, Perecki N, Chung CS, Rossi NF. Aortic Stiffness and Diastolic Dysfunction in Sprague Dawley Rats Consuming Short-Term Fructose Plus High Salt Diet. Integr Blood Press Control 2020; 13:111-124. [PMID: 33061560 PMCID: PMC7532309 DOI: 10.2147/ibpc.s257205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction High fructose and salt consumption continues to be prevalent in western society. Existing studies show that a rat model reflecting a diet of fructose and salt consumed by the upper 20th percentile of the human population results in salt-sensitive hypertension mitigated by treatment with an antioxidant. We hypothesized that dietary fructose, rather than glucose, combined with high salt leads to aortic stiffening and decreased renal artery compliance. We also expect that daily supplementation with the antioxidant, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (+T; Tempol), will ameliorate the increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and vascular changes. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats were studied with either 20% fructose or 20% glucose in the drinking water and normal salt (0.4%) or high salt (4%) in the chow resulting in four dietary groups: fructose normal Fru+NS or high salt (Fru+HS) or glucose with normal (Glu+NS) or high salt (Glu+HS). Tempol (+T) was added to the drinking water in half of the rats in each group for 3 weeks. Results MAP was significantly elevated and the glucose:insulin ratio was depressed in the Fru+HS. Both parameters were normalized in Fru+HS+T. Plasma renin activity (PRA) and kidney tissue angiotensin II (Ang II) were not suppressed in the high salt groups. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), radial ascending strain, and distensibility coefficient of the ascending aorta were significantly decreased in Fru+HS rats and improved in the Fru+HS+T rats. No differences occurred in left ventricular systolic function, but the ratio of early (E) to late (A) transmitral filling velocities was decreased and renal resistive index (RRI) was higher in Fru+HS rats; antioxidant treatment did not change these indices. Discussion Thus, short-term consumption of high fructose plus high salt diet by rats results in modest hypertension, insulin resistance, diminished aortic and renal artery compliance, and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Antioxidant treatment ameliorates the blood pressure, insulin resistance and aortic stiffness, but not renal artery stiffness and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Komnenov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Peter E Levanovich
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Natalia Perecki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Charles S Chung
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Noreen F Rossi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Research and Development, John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
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26
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Steijns F, Renard M, Vanhomwegen M, Vermassen P, Desloovere J, Raedt R, Larsen LE, Tóth MI, De Backer J, Sips P. Spontaneous Right Ventricular Pseudoaneurysms and Increased Arrhythmogenicity in a Mouse Model of Marfan Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7024. [PMID: 32987703 PMCID: PMC7582482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS), a connective tissue disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the gene encoding the extracellular matrix protein fibrillin-1, have an increased prevalence of primary cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. We have performed an in-depth in vivo and ex vivo study of the cardiac phenotype of Fbn1mgR/mgR mice, an established mouse model of MFS with a severely reduced expression of fibrillin-1. Using ultrasound measurements, we confirmed the presence of aortic dilatation and observed cardiac diastolic dysfunction in male Fbn1mgR/mgR mice. Upon post-mortem examination, we discovered that the mutant mice consistently presented myocardial lesions at the level of the right ventricular free wall, which we characterized as spontaneous pseudoaneurysms. Histological investigation demonstrated a decrease in myocardial compaction in the MFS mouse model. Furthermore, continuous 24 h electrocardiographic analysis showed a decreased heart rate variability and an increased prevalence of extrasystolic arrhythmic events in Fbn1mgR/mgR mice compared to wild-type littermates. Taken together, in this paper we document a previously unreported cardiac phenotype in the Fbn1mgR/mgR MFS mouse model and provide a detailed characterization of the cardiac dysfunction and rhythm disorders which are caused by fibrillin-1 deficiency. These findings highlight the wide spectrum of cardiac manifestations of MFS, which might have implications for patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felke Steijns
- Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.); (P.V.); (J.D.B.)
| | - Marjolijn Renard
- Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.); (P.V.); (J.D.B.)
| | - Marine Vanhomwegen
- Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.); (P.V.); (J.D.B.)
| | - Petra Vermassen
- Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.); (P.V.); (J.D.B.)
| | - Jana Desloovere
- 4BRAIN, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.); (R.R.); (L.E.L.)
| | - Robrecht Raedt
- 4BRAIN, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.); (R.R.); (L.E.L.)
| | - Lars E. Larsen
- 4BRAIN, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.); (R.R.); (L.E.L.)
- Institute Biomedical Technology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Máté I. Tóth
- Institute Biomedical Technology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Julie De Backer
- Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.); (P.V.); (J.D.B.)
- Department of Cardiology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Sips
- Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.); (P.V.); (J.D.B.)
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27
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Liu D, Fang YX, Wu X, Tan W, Zhou W, Zhang Y, Liu YQ, Li GQ. 1,25-(OH) 2D 3/Vitamin D receptor alleviates systemic lupus erythematosus by downregulating Skp2 and upregulating p27. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:163. [PMID: 31823770 PMCID: PMC6905035 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0488-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent evidence has suggested that the 1,25(OH)2D3/Vitamin D receptor (VDR) acts to suppress the immune response associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a serious multisystem autoimmune disease. Hence, the aim of the current study was to investigate the mechanism by which 1,25-(OH)2D3/VDR influences SLE through regulating the Skp2/p27 signaling pathway. Methods Initially, the levels of 1,25(OH)2D3, VDR, Skp2, and p27 were measured in collected renal tissues and peripheral blood. Meanwhile, the levels of inflammatory factors, biochemical indicators (BUN, Cr, anti-nRNP IgG, anti-dsDNA IgG) and urinary protein levels were assayed in in VDRinsert and VDR-knockout mice in response to 1,25(OH)2D3 supplement. In addition, the distribution of splenic immune cells was observed in these mice. Results Among the SLE patients, the levels of 1,25(OH)2D3, VDR and p27 were reduced, while the levels of Skp2 were elevated. In addition, the levels of anti-nRNP IgG and anti-dsDNA IgG were increased, suggesting induction of inflammatory responses. Notably, 1,25(OH)2D3/VDR mice had lower concentrations of BUN and Cr, urinary protein levels, precipitation intensity of the immune complex and complement, as well as the levels of anti-nRNP IgG and anti-dsDNA IgG in SLE mice. Additionally, 1,25(OH)2D3 or VDR reduced the degree of the inflammatory response while acting to regulate the distribution of splenic immune cells. Conclusion This study indicated that 1,25-(OH)2D3/VDR facilitated the recovery of SLE by downregulating Skp2 and upregulating p27 expression, suggesting the potential of 1,25-(OH)2D3/VDR as a promising target for SLE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xuan Fang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hangjiang Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225000, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hangjiang Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225000, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hangjiang Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hangjiang Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Qing Liu
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Qing Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hangjiang Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225000, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Khayat ROS, Shaw KJ, Dougill G, Melling LM, Ferris GR, Cooper G, Grant RA. Characterizing wing tears in common pipistrelles ( Pipistrellus pipistrellus): investigating tear distribution, wing strength, and possible causes. J Mammal 2019; 100:1282-1294. [PMID: 31379390 PMCID: PMC6660809 DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyz081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bats have large, thin wings that are particularly susceptible to tearing. Anatomical specializations, such as fiber reinforcement, strengthen the wing and increase its resistance to puncture, and an extensive vasculature system across the wing also promotes healing. We investigated whether tear positioning is associated with anatomy in common pipistrelles (Pipistrellus pipistrellus). Wing anatomy was described using histological techniques, imaging, and material testing. Tear information, including type, position, time in rehabilitation, and possible causes, was collected from rehabilitators of injured bats across the United Kingdom. Results suggest that the position of the plagiopatagium (the most proximal wing section to the body), rather than its anatomy, influenced the number, location, and orientation of wing tears. While material testing did not identify the plagiopatagium as being significantly weaker than the chiropatagium (the more distal sections of the wing), the plagiopatagium tended to have the most tears. The position of the tears, close to the body and toward the trailing edge, suggests that they are caused by predator attacks, such as from a cat (Felis catus), rather than collisions. Consistent with this, 38% of P. pipistrellus individuals had confirmed wing tears caused by cats, with an additional 38% identified by rehabilitators as due to suspected cat attacks. The plagiopatagium had the lowest number of blood vessels and highest amounts of elastin fibers, suggesting that healing may take longer in this section. Further investigations into the causes of tears, and their effect on flight capabilities, will help to improve bat rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Osama S Khayat
- School of Science and the Environment, John Dalton Building, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty J Shaw
- School of Science and the Environment, John Dalton Building, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Dougill
- School of Science and the Environment, John Dalton Building, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Louise M Melling
- School of Science and the Environment, John Dalton Building, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Glenn R Ferris
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Glen Cooper
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Robyn A Grant
- School of Science and the Environment, John Dalton Building, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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29
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Chen JZ, Sawada H, Moorleghen JJ, Weiland M, Daugherty A, Sheppard MB. Aortic Strain Correlates with Elastin Fragmentation in Fibrillin-1 Hypomorphic Mice. Circ Rep 2019; 1:199-205. [PMID: 31123721 PMCID: PMC6528667 DOI: 10.1253/circrep.cr-18-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High frequency ultrasound has facilitated in vivo measurements of murine ascending aortas, allowing aortic strains to be gleaned from two-dimensional images. Thoracic aortic aneurysms associated with mutations in fibrillin-1 (FBN1) display elastin fragmentation, which may impact aortic strain. In this study, we determined the relationship between elastin fragmentation and aortic circumferential strain in wild type and fibrillin-1 hypomorphic (FBN1 mgR/mgR) mice. Methods and Results Luminal diameters of the ascending aorta from wild type and FBN1 hypomorphic (FBN1 mgR/mgR) mice were measured in systole and diastole. Expansion of the ascending aorta during systole in male and female wild type mice was 0.21±0.02 mm (16.3%) and 0.21±0.01 mm (17.0%) respectively, while expansion in male and female FBN1 mgR/mgR mice was 0.11±0.04 mm (4.9%) and 0.07±0.02 mm (4.5%) respectively. Reduced circumferential strain was observed in FBN1 mgR/mgR mice compared to wild type littermates. Elastin fragmentation was inversely correlated to circumferential strain (R^2 = 0.628 p = 0.004) and significantly correlated with aortic diameter. (R^2 = 0.397, p = 0.038 in systole and R^2 = 0.515, p =0.013 in diastole). Conclusions FBN1 mgR/mgR mice had increased aortic diameters, reduced circumferential strain, and increased elastin fragmentation. Elastin fragmentation in FBN1 mgR/mgR and their wild type littermates was correlated with reduced circumferential strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Z Chen
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center.,Department of Physiology
| | | | | | | | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center.,Department of Physiology
| | - Mary B Sheppard
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center.,Department of Physiology.,Department of Family and Community Medicine.,Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
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30
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Esfandiarei M, Hoxha B, Talley NA, Anderson MR, Alkhouli MF, Squire MA, Eckman DM, Babu JR, Lopaschuk GD, Broderick TL. Beneficial effects of resveratrol and exercise training on cardiac and aortic function and structure in the 3xTg mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:1197-1211. [PMID: 31114160 PMCID: PMC6489623 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s196119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Studies have indicated an association between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and increased risk of developing cardiovascular complications. Lifestyle modifiable factors, such as exercise and diet, are known to prevent cardio-cerebral disease. Recent studies demonstrate that hearts from early onset triple-transgenic AD mice exhibit pathologies, but it is not clear whether cardiovascular function is altered in this model. Methods: In this study, we measured in vivo cardiovascular function in 7-month-old male 3xTg mice and age-matched wild-type (WT) mice using high-frequency high-resolution ultrasound imaging. Results: Our findings indicated that aortic root measurements and interventricular septal dimensions were similar in 3xTg and wild-type mice. Systolic function, expressed as ejection fraction and fractional shortening, were decreased in 3xTg mice. Late (A) ventricular filling velocities, the early/atrial (E/A) ratio, and mitral valve deceleration time, all indices of diastolic function, were increased in 3xTg mice compared to WT mice. Treadmill exercise training and resveratrol supplementation in the diet for 5 months improved ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and restored diastolic deceleration times. Pulse wave velocity was ~33% higher in 3xTg, and accompanied by a significant increase in elastin fiber fragmentation within the aortic wall, which was associated with decrease in elastin content and fiber length. Aortic wall and adventitia thickness were increased in 3xTg mice compared to the WT group. Exercise training and resveratrol supplementation, or both, improved overall aortic morphology with no change in pulse wave velocity. Conclusion: Taken together, the results indicate that the aberrations in cardiac function and aortic elastin morphology observed in the 3xTg mouse model of AD can be prevented with exercise training and treatment with resveratrol. The benefits of regular exercise training and resveratrol supplementation of heart and aortic structure in the 3xTg mouse support the value of healthy lifestyle factors on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Esfandiarei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Brikena Hoxha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Nicholas A Talley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Miranda R Anderson
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Mustafa F Alkhouli
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Michaela A Squire
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Delrae M Eckman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Jeganathan Ramesh Babu
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tom L Broderick
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
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31
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Sellers SL, Milad N, Chan R, Mielnik M, Jermilova U, Huang PL, de Crom R, Hirota JA, Hogg JC, Sandor GG, Van Breemen C, Esfandiarei M, Seidman MA, Bernatchez P. Inhibition of Marfan Syndrome Aortic Root Dilation by Losartan: Role of Angiotensin II Receptor Type 1-Independent Activation of Endothelial Function. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 188:574-585. [PMID: 29433732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a genetic disorder that frequently leads to aortic root dissection and aneurysm. Despite promising preclinical and pilot clinical data, a recent large-scale study using antihypertensive angiotensin II (AngII) receptor type 1 (ATR1) blocker losartan has failed to meet expectations at preventing MFS-associated aortic root dilation, casting doubts about optimal therapy. To study the deleterious role of normal ATR1 signaling in aortic root widening, we generated MFS mice lacking ATR1a expression in an attempt to preserve protective ATR2 signaling. Despite being hypotensive and resistant to AngII vasopressor effects, MFS/ATR1a-null mice showed unabated aortic root enlargement and remained fully responsive to losartan, confirming that blood pressure lowering is of minor therapeutic value in MFS and that losartan's antiremodeling properties may be ATR1 independent. Having shown that MFS causes endothelial dysfunction and that losartan can activate endothelial function in mice and patients, we found that nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition renders losartan therapeutically inactive, whereas multiple transgenic and pharmacologic models of endothelial NOS activation block aortic root dilation by correcting extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling. In vitro, losartan can increase endothelial NO release in the absence of AngII and correct MFS NO levels in vivo. Our data suggest that increased protective endothelial function, rather than ATR1 inhibition or blood pressure lowering, might be of therapeutic significance in preventing aortic root disease in MFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Sellers
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation and St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nadia Milad
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation and St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rayleigh Chan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation and St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael Mielnik
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation and St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Una Jermilova
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation and St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paul L Huang
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Rini de Crom
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeremy A Hirota
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation and St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chan-Yeung Centre for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - James C Hogg
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation and St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - George G Sandor
- Providence Health Care, and the Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Casey Van Breemen
- Providence Health Care, and the Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mitra Esfandiarei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona
| | - Michael A Seidman
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation and St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation and St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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32
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Sawada H, Chen JZ, Wright BC, Moorleghen JJ, Lu HS, Daugherty A. Ultrasound Imaging of the Thoracic and Abdominal Aorta in Mice to Determine Aneurysm Dimensions. J Vis Exp 2019. [PMID: 30907888 DOI: 10.3791/59013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Contemporary high-resolution ultrasound instruments have sufficient resolution to facilitate the measurement of mouse aortas. These instruments have been widely used to measure aortic dimensions in mouse models of aortic aneurysms. Aortic aneurysms are defined as permanent dilations of the aorta, which occur most frequently in the ascending and abdominal regions. Sequential measurements of aortic dimensions by ultrasound are the principal approach for assessing the development and progression of aortic aneurysms in vivo. Although many reported studies used ultrasound imaging to measure aortic diameters as a primary endpoint, there are confounding factors, such as probe position and cardiac cycle, that may impact the accuracy of data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation. The purpose of this protocol is to provide a practical guide on the use of ultrasound to measure the aortic diameter in a reliable and reproducible manner. This protocol introduces the preparation of mice and instruments, the acquisition of appropriate ultrasound images, and data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Sawada
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky
| | - Jeff Z Chen
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky
| | | | | | - Hong S Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky; Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky; Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky;
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Cui JZ, Lee L, Sheng X, Chu F, Gibson CP, Aydinian T, Walker DC, Sandor GGS, Bernatchez P, Tibbits GF, van Breemen C, Esfandiarei M. In vivo characterization of doxycycline-mediated protection of aortic function and structure in a mouse model of Marfan syndrome-associated aortic aneurysm. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2071. [PMID: 30765726 PMCID: PMC6376062 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38235-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm is the most life-threatening complication in Marfan syndrome (MFS) patients. Doxycycline, a nonselective matrix metalloproteinases inhibitor, was reported to improve the contractile function and elastic fiber structure and organization in a Marfan mouse aorta using ex vivo small chamber myography. In this study, we assessed the hypothesis that a long-term treatment with doxycycline would reduce aortic root growth, improve aortic wall elasticity as measured by pulse wave velocity, and improve the ultrastructure of elastic fiber in the mouse model of MFS. In our study, longitudinal measurements of aortic root diameters using high-resolution ultrasound imaging display significantly decreased aortic root diameters and lower pulse wave velocity in doxycycline-treated Marfan mice starting at 6 months as compared to their non-treated MFS counterparts. In addition, at the ultrastructural level, our data show that long-term doxycycline treatment corrects the irregularities of elastic fibers within the aortic wall of Marfan mice to the levels similar to those observed in control subjects. Our findings underscore the key role of matrix metalloproteinases during the progression of aortic aneurysm, and provide new insights into the potential therapeutic value of doxycycline in blocking MFS-associated aortic aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Z Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Ling Lee
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Xiaoye Sheng
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Fanny Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christine P Gibson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, USA
| | - Taline Aydinian
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, USA
| | - David C Walker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - George G S Sandor
- Children's Heart Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Glen F Tibbits
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Cornelis van Breemen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mitra Esfandiarei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, USA.
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López-Guimet J, Peña-Pérez L, Bradley RS, García-Canadilla P, Disney C, Geng H, Bodey AJ, Withers PJ, Bijnens B, Sherratt MJ, Egea G. MicroCT imaging reveals differential 3D micro-scale remodelling of the murine aorta in ageing and Marfan syndrome. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:6038-6052. [PMID: 30613281 PMCID: PMC6299435 DOI: 10.7150/thno.26598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic wall remodelling is a key feature of both ageing and genetic connective tissue diseases, which are associated with vasculopathies such as Marfan syndrome (MFS). Although the aorta is a 3D structure, little attention has been paid to volumetric assessment, primarily due to the limitations of conventional imaging techniques. Phase-contrast microCT is an emerging imaging technique, which is able to resolve the 3D micro-scale structure of large samples without the need for staining or sectioning. Methods: Here, we have used synchrotron-based phase-contrast microCT to image aortae of wild type (WT) and MFS Fbn1C1039G/+ mice aged 3, 6 and 9 months old (n=5). We have also developed a new computational approach to automatically measure key histological parameters. Results: This analysis revealed that WT mice undergo age-dependent aortic remodelling characterised by increases in ascending aorta diameter, tunica media thickness and cross-sectional area. The MFS aortic wall was subject to comparable remodelling, but the magnitudes of the changes were significantly exacerbated, particularly in 9 month-old MFS mice with ascending aorta wall dilations. Moreover, this morphological remodelling in MFS aorta included internal elastic lamina surface breaks that extended throughout the MFS ascending aorta and were already evident in animals who had not yet developed aneurysms. Conclusions: Our 3D microCT study of the sub-micron wall structure of whole, intact aorta reveals that histological remodelling of the tunica media in MFS could be viewed as an accelerated ageing process, and that phase-contrast microCT combined with computational image analysis allows the visualisation and quantification of 3D morphological remodelling in large volumes of unstained vascular tissues.
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Wang LK, An XF, Wu XL, Zhang SM, Yang RM, Han C, Yang JL, Wang YC. Doppler myocardial performance index combined with plasma B-type natriuretic peptide levels as a marker of cardiac function in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13302. [PMID: 30508917 PMCID: PMC6283142 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In chronic liver diseases, cirrhosis ranks as the 14th highest death cause worldwide, developing into decompensated cirrhosis. A potential and feasible technique in assessing cardiac function is urgent. This study explores if the Doppler myocardial performance (Tei) index combined with the plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels can assess cardiac function in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. METHODS A total of 140 individuals were selected in the study and were classified into 3 groups: control group (n = 40, healthy individuals), compensated cirrhosis group (n = 50), and decompensated cirrhosis group (n = 50). Plasma BNP levels, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), and albumin (ALB) were identified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlation of Tei index between left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) as well as plasma BNP levels with cardiac function was assessed using a Pearson test analysis. All patients were subjected to this experiment for 1 year to analyze the relationship between Tei index and plasma BNP levels in prognosis of decompensated cirrhosis patients. RESULTS Patients with decompensated cirrhosis showed significantly elevated levels of ALT, AST, and TBIL level in contrary to a reduced ALB level. Cirrhosis patients also showed a significantly reduced ejection fraction (ET) index, but an increase in isovolumetric contraction time (ICT), isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT), Tei index, and plasma BNP levels in comparison to healthy individuals. ICT, IRT, Tei index, and plasma BNP levels were elevated in decompensated cirrhotic patients as opposed to compensated cirrhotic patients. These results indicate a positive correlation of both Tei index and plasma BNP levels with cirrhosis and its progression. Tei index and plasma BNP levels are positively associated with Child-Pugh classification and negatively correlated with both cardiac function and prognosis in patients suffering from decompensated cirrhosis. CONCLUSION The study provided evidence supporting the correlation of Tei index and plasma BNP levels in decompensated cirrhotic patients with cardiac function, highlighting a potential value for evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kun Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou
| | - Xiao-Fei An
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing
| | - Xue-Liang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University
| | - Su-Mei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The People's Hospital of XuanHua District of Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province
| | - Rui-Min Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou
| | - Jie-Lin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, PR China
| | - Yi-Cheng Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou
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Baker ZN, Jett K, Boulet A, Hossain A, Cobine PA, Kim BE, El Zawily AM, Lee L, Tibbits GF, Petris MJ, Leary SC. The mitochondrial metallochaperone SCO1 maintains CTR1 at the plasma membrane to preserve copper homeostasis in the murine heart. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 26:4617-4628. [PMID: 28973536 PMCID: PMC5886179 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SCO1 is a ubiquitously expressed, mitochondrial protein with essential roles in cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly and the regulation of copper homeostasis. SCO1 patients present with severe forms of early onset disease, and ultimately succumb from liver, heart or brain failure. However, the inherent susceptibility of these tissues to SCO1 mutations and the clinical heterogeneity observed across SCO1 pedigrees remain poorly understood phenomena. To further address this issue, we generated Sco1hrt/hrt and Sco1stm/stm mice in which Sco1 was specifically deleted in heart and striated muscle, respectively. Lethality was observed in both models due to a combined COX and copper deficiency that resulted in a dilated cardiomyopathy. Left ventricular dilation and loss of heart function was preceded by a temporal decrease in COX activity and copper levels in the longer-lived Sco1stm/stm mice. Interestingly, the reduction in copper content of Sco1stm/stm cardiomyocytes was due to the mislocalisation of CTR1, the high affinity transporter that imports copper into the cell. CTR1 was similarly mislocalized to the cytosol in the heart of knockin mice carrying a homozygous G115S substitution in Sco1, which in humans causes a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Our current findings in the heart are in marked contrast to our prior observations in the liver, where Sco1 deletion results in a near complete absence of CTR1 protein. These data collectively argue that mutations perturbing SCO1 function have tissue-specific consequences for the machinery that ultimately governs copper homeostasis, and further establish the importance of aberrant mitochondrial signaling to the etiology of copper handling disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakery N Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Kimberly Jett
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Aren Boulet
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Amzad Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Paul A Cobine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Byung-Eun Kim
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Amr M El Zawily
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Ling Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Glen F Tibbits
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Michael J Petris
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Scot C Leary
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
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37
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Jiménez-Altayó F, Siegert AM, Bonorino F, Meirelles T, Barberà L, Dantas AP, Vila E, Egea G. Differences in the Thoracic Aorta by Region and Sex in a Murine Model of Marfan Syndrome. Front Physiol 2017; 8:933. [PMID: 29187826 PMCID: PMC5694786 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a hereditary disorder of the connective tissue that causes life-threatening aortic aneurysm, which initiates at the aortic root and can progress into the ascending portion. However, analysis of ascending aorta reactivity in animal models of MFS has remained elusive. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that although MFS is equally prevalent in men and women, men are at a higher risk of aortic complications than non-pregnant women. Nevertheless, there is no experimental evidence to support this hypothesis. The aim of this study was to explore whether there are regional and sex differences in the thoracic aorta function of mice heterozygous for the fibrillin 1 (Fbn1) allele encoding a missense mutation (Fbn1C1039G/+), the most common class of mutation in MFS. Ascending and descending thoracic aorta reactivity was evaluated by wire myography. Ascending aorta mRNA and protein levels, and elastic fiber integrity were assessed by qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and Verhoeff-Van Gieson histological staining, respectively. MFS differently altered reactivity in the ascending and descending thoracic aorta by either increasing or decreasing phenylephrine contractions, respectively. When mice were separated by sex, contractions to phenylephrine increased progressively from 3 to 6 months of age in MFS ascending aortas of males, whereas contractions in females were unchanged. Endothelium-dependent relaxation was unaltered in the MFS ascending aorta of either sex; an effect related to augmented endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization-type dilations. In MFS males, the non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor indomethacin prevented the MFS-induced enhancement of phenylephrine contractions linked to increased COX-2 expression. In MFS mice of both sexes, the non-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME revealed negative feedback of nitric oxide on phenylephrine contractions, which was associated with upregulation of eNOS in females. Finally, MFS ascending aortas showed a greater number of elastic fiber breaks than the wild-types, and males exhibited more breaks than females. These results show regional and sex differences in Fbn1C1039G/+ mice thoracic aorta contractility and aortic media injuries. The presence of more pronounced aortic alterations in male mice provides experimental evidence to support that male MFS patients are at increased risk of suffering aortic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Jiménez-Altayó
- Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Institut de Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Anna-Maria Siegert
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fabio Bonorino
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thayna Meirelles
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Barberà
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana P Dantas
- Institut Clínic del Tòrax, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Vila
- Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Institut de Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Gustavo Egea
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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