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Hernandez R, Xie D, Wang X, Jordan N, Ricardo AC, Anderson AH, Diamantidis CJ, Kusek JW, Yaffe K, Lash JP, Fischer MJ. Depressive Symptoms, Antidepressants, and Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease: Findings from the CRIC Study. Kidney Med 2024; 6:100790. [PMID: 38476844 PMCID: PMC10926356 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2024.100790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale & Objective The extent to which depression affects the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and leads to adverse clinical outcomes remains inadequately understood. We examined the association of depressive symptoms (DS) and antidepressant medication use on clinical outcomes in 4,839 adults with nondialysis CKD. Study Design Observational cohort study. Setting and Participants Adults with mild to moderate CKD who participated in the multicenter Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study (CRIC). Exposure The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to quantify DS. Antidepressant use was identified from medication bottles and prescription lists. Individual effects of DS and antidepressants were examined along with categorization as follows: (1) BDI <11 and no antidepressant use, (2) BDI <11 with antidepressant use, (3) BDI ≥11 and no antidepressant use, and (4) BDI ≥11 with antidepressant use. Outcomes CKD progression, incident cardiovascular disease composite, all-cause hospitalizations, and mortality. Analytic Approach Cox regression models were fitted for outcomes of CKD progression, incident cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality, whereas hospitalizations used Poisson regression. Results At baseline, 27.3% of participants had elevated DS, and 19.7% used antidepressants. Elevated DS at baseline were associated with significantly greater risk for an incident cardiovascular disease event, hospitalization, and all-cause mortality, but not CKD progression, adjusted for antidepressants. Antidepressant use was associated with higher risk for all-cause mortality and hospitalizations, after adjusting for DS. Compared to participants without elevated DS and not using antidepressants, the remaining groups (BDI <11 with antidepressants; BDI ≥11 and no antidepressants; BDI ≥11 with antidepressants) showed higher risks of hospitalization and all-cause mortality. Limitations Inability to infer causality among depressive symptoms, antidepressants, and outcomes. Additionally, the absence of nonpharmacological data, and required exploration of generalizability and alternative analytical approaches. Conclusions Elevated DS increased adverse outcome risk in nondialysis CKD, unattenuated by antidepressants. Additionally, investigation into the utilization and counterproductivity of antidepressants in this population is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Hernandez
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dawei Xie
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xue Wang
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Neil Jordan
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ana C. Ricardo
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | - John W. Kusek
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - James P. Lash
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael J. Fischer
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Medical Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
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Loch LK, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Parker MN, Haynes HE, Te-Vazquez JA, Bloomer BF, Lazareva J, Moursi NA, Nwosu EE, Yang SB, Turner SA, Brady SM, Bowling AI, Chen KY, Yanovski JA. Associations of Food Reinforcement and Food- Related Inhibitory Control with Adiposity and Weight Gain in Children and Adolescents. Physiol Behav 2023; 266:114198. [PMID: 37062516 PMCID: PMC10374226 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Some, but not all studies have reported that, among youth with disordered eating and high weight, the relative reinforcing value of food (RRV-F, i.e., how hard a person will work for a high-energy-dense food when another reward is available) is greater, and food-related inhibitory control (i.e., ability to withhold a response to food-related stimuli) is lower, compared to peers without disordered eating or overweight. In most studies, high RRV-F and low food-related inhibitory control have been studied separately, as independent factors, with each suggested to predict excess weight and adiposity (fat mass) gain. We hypothesized that the interaction of these factors would prospectively exacerbate risk for weight and adiposity (fat mass) gain three years later in a sample of healthy youth. At baseline, RRV-F was measured using a Behavior Choice Task with the rewards being standardized servings of chocolate candies, cheese crackers, or fruit snacks. Food-related inhibitory control was determined by performance in response to food and non-food stimuli during a Food Go/No-Go task. At baseline and 3-year visits, total body adiposity was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and body mass index (BMI) was obtained using measured weight and height. A linear regression was conducted with 3-year adiposity as the dependent variable. RRV-F, food-related inhibitory control, and the RRV-F x food-related inhibitory control interaction as independent variables. Baseline adiposity, age, height, sex, race/ethnicity, and days between visits were included as covariates for model predicting 3-year adiposity. Baseline BMI, age, sex, race/ethnicity, and days between visits were included as covariates for model predicting 3-year BMI. One-hundred and nine youth (mean 12.4±2.7y, mean 0.50±1.02 BMIz, 30.3% with overweight/obesity, 45.9% female, 51.4% non-Hispanic White), 8-17 years at baseline, were studied. Baseline food-related inhibitory control (βunstandardized = .33, p = .037, 95% CI [.02, .64]), but not baseline RRV-F (βunstandardized = -.003, p = .914), 95% CI [-.05, .05]) was significantly associated with 3-year adiposity such that those with the lowest food-related inhibitory control had the greatest adiposity gain. The interaction between RRV-F and food-related inhibitory control did not predict 3-year adiposity (βunstandardized = -.07, p = .648, 95% CI [-.39, .25]). The pattern of findings was the same for models examining non-food related inhibitory control. Neither baseline food-related inhibitory control (βunstandardized = 2.16, p = .256, 95% CI [-1.59, 5.92]), baseline RRV-F (βunstandardized = .14, p = .660, 95% CI [-.48, .75]), nor their interaction (βunstandardized = -1.18, p = .547, 95% CI [-5.04, 2.69]) were significantly associated with 3-year BMI. However, non-food related inhibitory control (βunstandardized = .54, p = .038, 95% CI [.22, 7.15]) was significantly associated with 3-year BMI. In summary, food-related inhibitory control but not RRV-F, was associated with changes in adiposity in a sample of children and adolescents. Among generally healthy youth, food-related inhibitory control may be a more relevant risk factor than food reinforcement for adiposity gain. Additional data are needed to determine how impulsivity and reward systems, as well as other disinhibited eating behaviors/traits, may interact to promote excess weight gain over time in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy K Loch
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Medicine, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, USU, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Megan N Parker
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hannah E Haynes
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Medicine, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, USU, Bethesda, MD, USA; Metis Foundation, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer A Te-Vazquez
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bess F Bloomer
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julia Lazareva
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nasreen A Moursi
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ejike E Nwosu
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shanna B Yang
- Nutrition Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892
| | - Sara A Turner
- Nutrition Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892
| | - Sheila M Brady
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrea I Bowling
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kong Y Chen
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892
| | - Jack A Yanovski
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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Godina-Flores NL, Gutierrez-Gómez YY, García-Botello M, López-Cruz L, Moreno-García CF, Aceves-Martins M. Obesity and its association with mental health among Mexican children and adolescents: systematic review. Nutr Rev 2022; 81:658-669. [PMID: 36164834 PMCID: PMC10170326 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Obesity and mental health issues increasingly affect children and adolescents, but whether obesity is a risk factor for mental health issues is unclear. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the association between obesity and mental health issues (ie, anxiety and/or depression) among Mexican children and adolescents. DATA SOURCING, EXTRACTION, AND SYNTHESIS A literature search of 13 databases and 1 search engine was conducted. Population, exposure, comparison, outcomes, and study design data were extracted, analyzed, and narratively synthesized. The JBI critical appraisal tool was used to evaluate evidence quality. RESULTS A total of 16 studies with 12 103 participants between 8 and 18 years old were included. Four studies focused on anxiety outcomes, 10 on depression, and 2 on both (ie, anxiety and depression). Evidence is unclear about the association of obesity with anxiety. However, most evidence shows that Mexican children and adolescents with overweight or obesity are more likely to have depression or report a higher number of depressive symptoms than normal-weight participants. Such likelihood is greater for females. CONCLUSION Health promotion interventions to treat or prevent obesity could also consider mental health outcomes. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42019154132.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naara L Godina-Flores
- Nutrition Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Lizet López-Cruz
- Universidad Europea del Atlantico, Parque Científico y Tecnologico de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
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Porter PA, Henry LN, Halkett A, Hinshaw SP. Body Mass Indices of Girls with and without ADHD: Developmental Trajectories from Childhood to Adulthood. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2022; 51:688-700. [PMID: 33625277 PMCID: PMC8842986 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2020.1852942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the predictive relation between childhood-diagnosed ADHD and trajectories of body mass index (BMI) from childhood to adulthood in an all-female sample, accounting for socioeconomic status (SES), childhood comorbidities (e.g., depression/anxiety), and stimulant usage. Childhood executive functioning (i.e., planning, sustained attention, and response inhibition) was also evaluated as a possible predictor of BMI trajectories. METHOD We utilized longitudinal data from a full sample of 140 girls diagnosed with ADHD in childhood and 88 comparison girls matched on age and ethnicity. Girls were 6-12 years old at the first assessment and followed prospectively for 16 years. Data were collected on their BMI and stimulant medication usage across four evaluation waves. Using latent growth curve modeling, we evaluated the BMI trajectories of girls with ADHD and the comparison sample from childhood to adulthood. RESULTS Although there was no significant difference in initial childhood BMI, girls with ADHD increased in BMI at a significantly faster rate than comparison girls across development, even when adjusting for covariates. Significant differences in BMI first emerged in adolescence; by adulthood, 40.2% of the ADHD sample met criteria for obesity versus 15.4% of the comparison sample. When covarying ADHD diagnosis, executive functioning measures were not significantly predictive of BMI increase. Adjusting for stimulant medication usage within the ADHD sample did not alter core findings. CONCLUSIONS We discuss health-related implications for girls with ADHD, potential underlying mechanisms, and how our findings may inform both ADHD and obesity interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura N. Henry
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley
| | - Ashley Halkett
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley
| | - Stephen P. Hinshaw
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco
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5
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Abdulkadir M, Hübel C, Herle M, Loos RJF, Breen G, Bulik CM, Micali N. The impact of anorexia nervosa and BMI polygenic risk on childhood growth: A 20-year longitudinal population-based study. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:1242-1254. [PMID: 35705101 PMCID: PMC9300758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth deviating from the norm during childhood has been associated with anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity later in life. In this study, we examined whether polygenic scores (PGSs) for AN and BMI are associated with growth trajectories spanning the first two decades of life. AN PGSs and BMI PGSs were calculated for participants of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC; n = 8,654). Using generalized (mixed) linear models, we associated PGSs with trajectories of weight, height, body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), lean mass index (LMI), and bone mineral density (BMD). Female participants with AN PGSs one standard deviation (SD) higher had, on average, 0.004% slower growth in BMI between the ages 6.5 and 24 years and a 0.4% slower gain in BMD between the ages 10 and 24 years. Higher BMI PGSs were associated with faster growth for BMI, FMI, LMI, BMD, and weight trajectories in both sexes throughout childhood. Female participants with both a high AN PGS and a low BMI PGS showed slower growth compared to those with both a low AN PGS and a low BMI PGS. We conclude that AN PGSs and BMI PGSs have detectable sex-specific effects on growth trajectories. Female participants with a high AN PGS and low BMI PGS likely constitute a high-risk group for AN, as their growth was slower compared to their peers with high PGSs on both traits. Further research is needed to better understand how the AN PGS and the BMI PGS co-influence growth during childhood and whether a high BMI PGS can mitigate the effects of a high AN PGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdulkadir
- Department of Pediatrics Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christopher Hübel
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK; National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Moritz Herle
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Cynthia M Bulik
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nadia Micali
- Department of Pediatrics Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Eating Disorders Research Unit, Psychiatric Centre Ballerup, Ballerup, Denmark.
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You Y, Shou X, Zhang X, Fan S, Chai R, Xue W, Hu Y, He Q. Psycho-Cardiological Disease: A Bibliometric Review From 2001 to 2021. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:890329. [PMID: 35571163 PMCID: PMC9099051 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.890329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to gain insight into the progress and dynamics of psycho-cardiological disease research and track its hot spots. We have analyzed psycho-cardiological disease-related literature extracted from the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection from 2001 to 2021 with the help of Cite Space. As a result, we have included 5,032 records. Then, we have analyzed connected networks for the country, author, subject category, keywords, and cited reference. We have summarized the findings in four aspects. First, the annual quantitative distribution of publications is on the rise, although there is a slight drop. Second, in terms of country analysis, the United States, England, Australia, Germany, and Italy are the main research forces in psycho-cardiological diseases. At the same time, several academic entities represented by Andrew Steptoe and Roland von Känel, MD, have been formed based on the early consciousness of physical and mental health in these countries. Besides, China is also more concerned about it due to the rapid population aging process and the largest population. Third, the psycho-cardiological disease is multidisciplinary, including psychology, psychiatry, clinical medicine, such as cardiovascular system and neurology, public environmental and occupational health, and pharmacology. Finally, the results of keyword analysis and co-cited references indicate the hot spots and frontiers in psycho-cardiological disease. The hot spots in psycho-cardiological disease include three aspects. The first aspect includes psychosocial factors, such as depression, lack of social support, and low economic and social status; the second aspect includes priority populations, such as Alzheimer's disease dementia caregivers, elderly, and patients with cancer, and the third aspect includes interventions, such as exercise therapy and diet. In addition, there are three future research frontiers. The first is a psycho-cardiological disease in patients with COVID-19; the second is cardiac rehabilitation, especially exercise therapy and health behavior evaluation; and the final is evidence-based medical evaluation, such as systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping You
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xintian Shou
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaowei Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoning Chai
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhui Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyong He
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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7
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Zhou N, Liang Y, Cao H, Chen Y, Lin X, Zhang J. Body mass index and internalizing symptoms from early childhood through early adolescence: Trend of codevelopment and directionality. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:324-332. [PMID: 34196400 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher body mass index (BMI) and internalizing symptoms often codevelop with each other, and both of them have been widely linked to child later maladjustment. However, existing studies on the association between BMI and internalizing symptoms predominantly focus on the between-person association (i.e., the average association for a given group) and use continuous measures of BMI. To address these gaps, using approaches that can effectively partition within-person from between-person variation, this study aimed to delineate temporal dynamics (i.e., directionality) of the associations between BMI and internalizing symptoms (as continuous and clinical cut-off categorical measures for both of them). The trend of codevelopment between BMI and internalizing symptoms is also investigated. METHODS This study used data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Studies, Kindergarten Class of 2010-2011 (ECLS:2011), a nationally representative birth cohort study in the United States. Participants were 17,552 children (48.78% female, Mage = 5.6 years old at the first wave) who were assessed seven times from kindergarten through Grade 5. RESULTS Results of the random intercept, cross-lagged panel model suggested reciprocal within-person associations between BMI and internalizing symptoms from child 7.1 to 11.1 years old. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight both the necessity of disaggregating between-person and within-person effects in cross-lagged associations between BMI and internalizing symptoms and the importance of interventions that target body weight and mental health issues in middle childhood to reduce the negative impact of both in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhou
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Liang
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjian Cao
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuyun Lin
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jintao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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8
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Scarpato BS, Swardfager W, Eid M, Ploubidis GB, MacIntosh BJ, Wu CY, Launer LJ, Cogo-Moreira H. Dynamics between psychological distress and body mass index throughout adult life; evidence from 3 large cohort studies. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 144:378-388. [PMID: 34737123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between body mass index (BMI) and psychological distress (PD) have been reported; however, few longitudinal studies have accounted for likely life-course differences in BMI and PD stability, consistency, and their interplay across time. METHODS Via random intercepts cross-lagged panel models, we assessed the predictive effects (from BMI to PD or vice-versa) across the last two centuries in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults [CARDIA, beginning in 1985-6] study using the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale [CES-D], and in the National Child Development Study [NCDS, beginning in 1958] and British Cohort Study [BCS, beginning in 1970] using the Malaise Inventory [MI]), assessed at least 4 times in adult life. FINDINGS In CARDIA (n = 4724), NCDS58 (n = 7149) and BCS70 (n = 5967), autoregressive effects were stronger for BMI than for PD, meaning that carry-over effects from one occasion to the next were larger for BMI than for PD. Small interindividual correlations between traits of higher BMI and higher PD were identified among females (rfemale<|0·2|) but not males (rmale<|0·03|) in CARDIA and NCDS. Cross-lagged effects were very weak or close to zero (standardized effects η<|0·1|). INTERPRETATION In the United States, depressive symptoms and BMI were positively correlated at the trait level among females. In the United Kingdom, relationships between PD and BMI were inconsistent between generations, with effect sizes of unlikely clinical importance, indicating negligible dominance of an intraindividual effect of BMI on PD or vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Scarpato
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - W Swardfager
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - M Eid
- Department of Educational Science and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - G B Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, UK
| | - B J MacIntosh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - C Y Wu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - L J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - H Cogo-Moreira
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Norway.
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Lewis-de los Angeles WW, Liu RT. History of Depression, Elevated Body Mass Index, and Waist-to-Height Ratio in Preadolescent Children. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:1075-1081. [PMID: 34267084 PMCID: PMC8578339 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate whether a history of depression or self-injurious thoughts and behaviors predict elevated body mass index (BMI) and elevated waist-to-height ratio in preadolescents. METHODS Baseline data were evaluated from a large, nationally representative cohort study of 9- and 10-year-old children (unweighted n = 11,875), the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study. RESULTS In the weighted sample, 10.6% of children had a history of depression, 7.0% had engaged in nonsuicidal self-injury, 13.1% had experienced suicidal ideation in their lifetime, and 1.1% had a history of attempted suicide. Among the children, 34.1% had an elevated BMI in the overweight or obese range and 31.9% had a waist-to-height ratio >0.5. In multivariate analyses, history of depression was associated with elevated BMI and waist-to-height ratio. Furthermore, interactions with sex were found; girls with a history of depression were more likely to have an elevated BMI (odds ratio = 1.47, 95% confidence interval = 1.24-1.74) and elevated waist-to-height ratio (odds ratio = 1.48, 95% confidence interval = 1.18-1.86) than girls without a history of depression, but no differences were observed between boys with and without a history of depression. Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors were not associated with elevated BMI or elevated waist-to-height. CONCLUSIONS In this study, 9- and 10-year-old girls with a history of depression were more likely to have an elevated BMI and elevated waist-to-height ratio than girls with no history of depression. These results provide important clinical context in caring for preadolescents with a history of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W. Lewis-de los Angeles
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Pendleton Bradley Hospital, Riverside, Rhode Island
| | - Richard T. Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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10
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Abstract
Facial emotion recognition (FER) is extensively investigated in psychological sciences in healthy individuals and clinical conditions. In this paper, we analyzed those studies in which FER was assessed in the case of obesity or fibromyalgia, in relation to the levels of alexithymia. Crucially, these two conditions frequently co-occur; however, no study has explored FER considering both fibromyalgia and obesity. Studies were identified using the electronic search engine of PubMed. The last research was run on 23 July 2021. Two independent lists were generated for the two clinical conditions. Six records were reviewed about obesity, while three records about fibromyalgia. The evidence relative to FER in obesity was not conclusive, whereas the evidence about an altered FER in fibromyalgia seemed more straightforward. Moreover, the role of alexithymia on FER in these clinical conditions was not extensively investigated. In our discussion, we highlighted those factors that should be carefully addressed in investigating FER in these clinical conditions. Moreover, we underlined methodological criticisms that should be overcome in future research.
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11
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Zhang J. The Bidirectional Relationship between Body Weight and Depression across Gender: A Simultaneous Equation Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147673. [PMID: 34300124 PMCID: PMC8304982 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigates the bidirectional relationship between body weight and depression for both males and females in the U.S. METHODS Data are drawn from the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), and a simultaneous ordered probability system is estimated with maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) to accommodate the two-way causality between depression and body weight categories. The variable of depression is measured by individuals' past depressive records and current mental health status. RESULTS Depression and body weight are found to affect each other positively for both males and females on average. In a randomized population, the results of average treatment effects suggest significant body weight differences between depressed and non-depressed individuals. Age and other sociodemographic factors affect body weight differently between genders and between the people with depression and those without. CONCLUSION The positive bidirectional relationship between body weight and depression is found. The effect of depression on body weight is significant among both males and females in a randomized population, and females who experience depression are most likely to be obese and less likely to have normal weight compared to females without depression. The risks of overweight and obesity are high among people who are less educated or unable, who have poor health statuses, and who had high blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Ave., Beijing 100872, China
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12
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Joyner B, Beaver KM. Maternal Depression and Child and Adolescent Problem Behaviors: a Propensity Score Matching Approach. Psychiatr Q 2021; 92:655-674. [PMID: 32880073 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-020-09842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Prior studies have consistently revealed that maternal depression is significantly associated with children exhibiting higher levels of internalizing problem behaviors and externalizing problem behaviors. However, there is reason to believe that prior research may have suffered from model misspecification and confounding that biased the conclusions drawn from these studies. We use this possibility as the foundation for our analyses that examine the potential association between maternal depression and child internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors while addressing the methodological limitations of previous research. To do so, we analyzed data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being and used propensity score matching. The analyses revealed significant differences between depressed and non-depressed mothers that, once accounted for, significantly impacted the revealed associations between maternal depression and child internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors. Although the significant relationship with child internalizing problem behaviors remained in all of the cross-sectional and longitudinal models post-matching, once the mothers were properly matched, the significant relationship between maternal depression and child externalizing problem behaviors disappeared at Wave 3. We conclude by discussing the implications and limitations of our study as well as considerations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Joyner
- College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida State University, 112 S. Copeland St, Tallahassee, FL, 32304, USA.
| | - Kevin M Beaver
- College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida State University, 112 S. Copeland St, Tallahassee, FL, 32304, USA.,Prince Mishaal bin Majed bin Abdul Aziz Center for Social and Humanities Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Pirutinsky S, Cherniak AD, Rosmarin DH. COVID-19, Religious Coping, and Weight Change in the Orthodox Jewish Community. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2021; 60:646-653. [PMID: 33611679 PMCID: PMC7897356 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Given links between stress and obesity, it is likely that individuals gained weight during the COVID-19 lockdown. Research suggests that religiosity facilitates coping, which may have lessened the relationship between stress and weight gain during the COVID-19 lockdown. We examined this relationship among Orthodox Jews (n = 731). Results indicated that stress was marginally associated with weight gain, and that this was moderated by intrinsic religiosity (IR). For those with low IR, stress correlated with weight gain, while for those with mean or higher IR, stress and weight change were unrelated. Results suggest that for some, religiosity may moderate links between stress and weight gain during times of crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Pirutinsky
- Graduate School of Social Work, Touro College, 27 West 23rd Street, 5th Floor, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
| | - Aaron D Cherniak
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Mental Health Department, Mayanei HaYeshua Medical Center, Bnei Brak, Israel
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14
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[Overweight/Obesity of Children and Adolescents and its Association with Internalising and Externalising Disorders]. Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr 2021; 70:182-197. [PMID: 33641646 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2021.70.3.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Overweight/Obesity of Children and Adolescents and its Association with Internalising and Externalising Disorders Research in child and adolescent psychiatry increasingly deals with the association between mental disorder and weight. This paper provides an overview of national and international studies on the relationship between body composition and mental illness in children and adolescents, with a focus on the representation of individual internalizing and externalizing disturbance patterns. The majority of studies in this area are based on the so-called one-compartment model of body composition in terms of the Body Mass Index (BMI) or on the classification as "overweight" or "obese". Associations between mental disorders and body composition were described in two directions: On one hand, both externalising and internalising symptoms are associated with obesity, and on the other hand there are also more psychopathological symptoms among overweight children and adolescents. Longitudinal studies suggest effects in both directions. While externalising symptoms and weight are thought to be related from infancy on, this connection seems to be evident for internalising disorders not earlier than for early school age. It is also known from the literature that psychopharmacological medication affects weight and body growth - especially with psychostimulants, but also with neuroleptics and antidepressants. We found only a few studies describing the relationship between body composition and psyche in more complex models with two or more compartments.
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15
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Gladstone T, Buchholz KR, Fitzgibbon M, Schiffer L, Lee M, Voorhees BWV. Randomized Clinical Trial of an Internet-Based Adolescent Depression Prevention Intervention in Primary Care: Internalizing Symptom Outcomes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7736. [PMID: 33105889 PMCID: PMC7660174 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 20% of people will experience a depressive episode by adulthood, making adolescence an important developmental target for prevention. CATCH-IT (Competent Adulthood Transition with Cognitive-behavioral, Humanistic, and Interpersonal Training), an online depression prevention intervention, has demonstrated efficacy in preventing depressive episodes among adolescents reporting elevated symptoms. Our study examines the effects of CATCH-IT compared to online health education (HE) on internalizing symptoms in adolescents at risk for depression. Participants, ages 13-18, were recruited across eight US health systems and were randomly assigned to CATCH-IT or HE. Assessments were completed at baseline, 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. There were no significant differences between groups in change in depressive symptoms (b = -0.31 for CATCH-IT, b = -0.27 for HE, p = 0.80) or anxiety (b = -0.13 for CATCH-IT, b = -0.11 for HE, p = 0.79). Improvement in depressive symptoms was statistically significant (p < 0.05) for both groups (p = 0.004 for CATCH-IT, p = 0.009 for HE); improvement in anxiety was significant for CATCH-IT (p = 0.04) but not HE (p = 0.07). Parental depression and positive relationships with primary care physicians (PRPC) moderated the anxiety findings, and adolescents' externalizing symptoms and PRPC moderated the depression findings. This study demonstrates the long-term positive effects of both online programs on depressive symptoms and suggests that CATCH-IT demonstrates cross-over effects for anxiety as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Gladstone
- The Robert S. and Grace W. Stone Primary Prevention Initiatives, Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA;
| | - Katherine R. Buchholz
- The Robert S. and Grace W. Stone Primary Prevention Initiatives, Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA;
| | - Marian Fitzgibbon
- Department of General Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (M.F.); (M.L.); (B.W.V.V.)
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA;
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Linda Schiffer
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA;
| | - Miae Lee
- Department of General Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (M.F.); (M.L.); (B.W.V.V.)
| | - Benjamin W. Van Voorhees
- Department of General Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (M.F.); (M.L.); (B.W.V.V.)
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16
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Applying dimensional psychopathology: transdiagnostic associations among regional homogeneity, leptin and depressive symptoms. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:248. [PMID: 32699219 PMCID: PMC7376105 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimensional psychopathology and its neurobiological underpinnings could provide important insights into major psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. In a dimensional transdiagnostic approach, we examined depressive symptoms and their relationships with regional homogeneity and leptin across major psychiatric disorders. A total of 728 participants (including 403 patients with major psychiatric disorders and 325 age-gender-matched healthy controls) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging at a single site. We obtained plasma leptin levels and depressive symptom measures (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD)) within 24 h of scanning and compared the regional homogeneity (ReHo), plasma leptin levels and HAMD total score and factor scores between patients and healthy controls. To reveal the potential relationships, we performed correlational and mediational analyses. Patients with major psychiatric disorders had significant lower ReHo in primary sensory and visual association cortices and higher ReHo in the frontal cortex and angular gyrus; plasma leptin levels were also elevated. Furthermore, ReHo alterations, leptin and HAMD factor scores had significant correlations. We also found that leptin mediated the transdiagnostic relationships among ReHo alterations in primary somatosensory and visual association cortices, core depressive symptoms and body mass index. The transdiagnostic associations we demonstrated support the common neuroanatomical substrates and neurobiological mechanisms. Moreover, leptin could be an important association among ReHo, core depressive symptoms and body mass index, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for dimensional depressive symptoms across major psychiatric disorders.
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17
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Vaccarino V, Badimon L, Bremner JD, Cenko E, Cubedo J, Dorobantu M, Duncker DJ, Koller A, Manfrini O, Milicic D, Padro T, Pries AR, Quyyumi AA, Tousoulis D, Trifunovic D, Vasiljevic Z, de Wit C, Bugiardini R. Depression and coronary heart disease: 2018 position paper of the ESC working group on coronary pathophysiology and microcirculation. Eur Heart J 2020; 41:1687-1696. [PMID: 30698764 PMCID: PMC10941327 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Viola Vaccarino
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road Northeast, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road Northeast, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program (ICCC), IR-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. CiberCV-Institute Carlos III. Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Douglas Bremner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 12 Executive Park Drive Northeast, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Department of Radiology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Road Northeast, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, 670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA
| | - Edina Cenko
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Judit Cubedo
- Cardiovascular Program (ICCC), IR-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. CiberCV-Institute Carlos III. Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Dorobantu
- Cardiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Carol Davila’ of Bucharest, Emergency Clinical Hospital of Bucharest, Calea Floreasca 8, Sector 1, Bucuresti, 014461, Romania
| | - Dirk J Duncker
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Cardiovascular Research Institute COEUR, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Akos Koller
- Institute of Natural Sciences, University of Physical Education, Alkotas street, 44, 1123, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Olivia Manfrini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davor Milicic
- Department for Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Teresa Padro
- Cardiovascular Program (ICCC), IR-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. CiberCV-Institute Carlos III. Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Axel R Pries
- Department of Physiology, Charitè-University Medicine, Thielallee 71, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arshed A Quyyumi
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road Northeast, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Vasilissis Sofias 114, TK 115 28, Athens, Greece
| | - Danijela Trifunovic
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova 2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Vasiljevic
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Cor de Wit
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrumfür Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Raffaele Bugiardini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy
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18
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Emotion Identification in Preschool and Early Adolescent Body Mass Index: Exploring the Roles of Depressive Symptoms and Peer Relations. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2020; 51:321-329. [PMID: 31625000 PMCID: PMC7249330 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-019-00932-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The ability to identify and label emotions may represent an early-life risk factor that relates to excess weight gain during childhood. The current study investigates the relationships between preschool emotion identification and early adolescent body mass index (BMI), as well as the mediating role of two variables: depressive symptoms and peer relations. In a longitudinal study, preschoolers completed an emotion identification task, and parents completed psychiatric assessments and a peer-relations questionnaire about their child. BMI percentile was measured at later time points in early adolescence. Poor emotion identification during preschool predicted increases in BMI percentile over time, with greater deficits in emotion identification ability relating to steeper increases in BMI percentile across early adolescence. Peer relations in preschool partially mediated the relationship between preschool emotion identification ability and adolescent BMI. This study provides novel information about potential targets for early interventions in the service of obesity prevention.
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19
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The brain-adipocyte-gut network: Linking obesity and depression subtypes. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 18:1121-1144. [PMID: 30112671 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-018-0626-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and obesity are dominant and inter-related health burdens. Obesity is a risk factor for MDD, and there is evidence MDD increases risk of obesity. However, description of a bidirectional relationship between obesity and MDD is misleading, as closer examination reveals distinct unidirectional relationships in MDD subtypes. MDD is frequently associated with weight loss, although obesity promotes MDD. In contrast, MDD with atypical features (MDD-AF) is characterised by subsequent weight gain and obesity. The bases of these distinct associations remain to be detailed, with conflicting findings clouding interpretation. These associations can be viewed within a systems biology framework-the psycho-immune neuroendocrine (PINE) network shared between MDD and metabolic disorders. Shared PINE subsystem perturbations may underlie increased MDD in overweight and obese people (obesity-associated depression), while obesity in MDD-AF (depression-associated obesity) involves more complex interactions between behavioural and biomolecular changes. In the former, the chronic PINE dysfunction triggering MDD is augmented by obesity-dependent dysregulation in shared networks, including inflammatory, leptin-ghrelin, neuroendocrine, and gut microbiome systems, influenced by chronic image-associated psychological stress (particularly in younger or female patients). In MDD-AF, behavioural dysregulation, including hypersensitivity to interpersonal rejection, fundamentally underpins energy imbalance (involving hyperphagia, lethargy, hypersomnia), with evolving obesity exaggerating these drivers via positive feedback (and potentially augmenting PINE disruption). In both settings, sex and age are important determinants of outcome, associated with differences in emotional versus cognitive dysregulation. A systems biology approach is recommended for further research into the pathophysiological networks underlying MDD and linking depression and obesity.
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Longitudinal Associations Between Anhedonia and Body Mass Index Trajectory Groups Among Adolescents. J Adolesc Health 2018; 63:81-87. [PMID: 29731318 PMCID: PMC6067955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although evidence suggests that anhedonia-a reduced ability to experience pleasure in response to rewarding stimuli-may predict weight gain during adolescence, it remains unclear whether changes in anhedonia during adolescence are associated with changes in body mass index (BMI). This study examines longitudinal associations between changes in anhedonia and developmental trajectories of BMI during adolescence. METHODS Self-report measures of anhedonia and BMI were collected at five semiannual assessments among students from 10 high schools in Los Angeles, CA, area (N = 3,396) followed up from the 9th grade to the 11th grade. Four BMI trajectories were identified using growth mixture modeling: (1) stable normative weight; (2) overweight to normative weight (i.e., decreasing BMI); (3) overweight to chronically obese (increasing BMI); and (4) normative weight to overweight (increasing BMI). Latent growth curve modeling estimated baseline level and changes in anhedonia. A multinomial logistic regression model tested associations of baseline level and slope of anhedonia with the four BMI trajectory groups. RESULTS Compared with the stable normative BMI trajectory group, each 1-unit standard deviation increase in anhedonia slope increased the odds of membership in the overweight to chronically obese group (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval {CI}] = 1.29 [1.09-1.49], p < .001) and in the normative weight to overweight group (OR [95% CI] = 1.28 [1.04-1.53], p = .006), and decreased the odds of membership in the overweight to normative weight group (OR [95% CI] = .78 [.57-.95], p = .01). CONCLUSIONS Across a 2-year period of high school, the rate of change in anhedonia is associated with certain BMI trajectories linked with poorer metabolic health. Increasing anhedonia may be an important risk factor to consider in adolescent obesity prevention.
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An overview of common psychiatric problems among adolescent and young adult females: Focus on mood and anxiety. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2018; 48:165-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Sander C, Ueck P, Mergl R, Gordon G, Hegerl U, Himmerich H. Physical activity in depressed and non-depressed patients with obesity. Eat Weight Disord 2018; 23:195-203. [PMID: 28188598 PMCID: PMC5862930 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-016-0347-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity and depression have both been shown to be associated with reduced physical activity (PA). However, most studies have not applied objective measures to determine PA in patients. Moreover, to our knowledge, no studies are available comparing depressed and non-depressed patients with regard to PA. METHODS We investigated PA in 47 patients with both obesity and depression, 70 non-depressed patients with obesity, and 71 non-depressed and non-obese healthy control participants using the SenseWear™ Armband (SWA) with walked steps per day and metabolic equivalents (MET) as parameters for PA. RESULTS Depressed as well as non-depressed patients with obesity showed a significantly reduced PA as reflected by walked steps as well as reduced METs. Healthy controls walked a mean of 11,586 ± 3731 (SD) steps per day, whereas non-depressed patients with obesity accumulated 7283 ± 3547 and patients with both obesity and depression recorded only 6177 ± 3291 steps per day. However, the difference between depressed and non-depressed patients with obesity did not reach statistical significance either in terms of walked steps or with regard to METs. CONCLUSIONS Obesity seems to be associated with a substantial reduction of PA and energy expenditure, whereas the effect of an additional depressive disorder was comparably small. Even though depression did not have any statistically significant effect on steps and METs per day in this study with obese patients, it could be clinically relevant for an individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Sander
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patrick Ueck
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roland Mergl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gemma Gordon
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, 103 Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Ulrich Hegerl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hubertus Himmerich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. .,Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, 103 Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK. .,Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.
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Brown EJ, Goodman RF, Ritholtz SF, Swiecicki CC. Psychometrics of the PTSD and Depression Screener for Bereaved Youth. DEATH STUDIES 2018; 43:20-31. [PMID: 29393838 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2018.1432719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Interventions for bereaved children and families range from supportive counseling, designed to promote social connectedness and expression of feelings and thoughts about the deceased, to intensive trauma/grief-specific therapy, designed to ameliorate symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. That said, professionals have few brief assessment instruments to match response and functioning to appropriate interventions. To expedite the screening and referral process for bereaved families, Brown, Goodman, and Swiecicki ( 2008 ) developed the PTSD and Depression Screener for Bereaved Youth, a 19-item measure of bereavement-related history and symptoms of PTSD and depression. The current study is a psychometric evaluation of the Screener for Bereaved Youth. Data were collected from 284 bereaved children, 6-17 years of age (M = 12.4; SD = 2.9). A factor analysis revealed distinct subscales for PTSD (eight items) and depression (four items). The PTSD and depression subscales showed both concurrent and discriminant validity. Endorsement of four items on either subscale was associated with meeting full criteria on more extensive measures of PTSD and depression. These findings are discussed with specific consideration to the multiple systems in which the measure could be used and applications to clinical services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa J Brown
- a Child HELP Partnership , St. John's University , Jamaica , NY , USA
| | - Robin F Goodman
- b A Caring Hand , Founded in Memory of Billy Esposito, Inc. , New York , NY , USA
| | - Shira F Ritholtz
- a Child HELP Partnership , St. John's University , Jamaica , NY , USA
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Abstract
Stress and negative emotions pose a major threat to public health, by increasing the risk of obesity. Since the management process for emotions (emotion regulation; ER) is developed in childhood, we present a novel conceptual framework model for the role of ER in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity. A narrative review of the literature by electronic database search (MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge and Scopus) was conducted of observational and interventional/experimental literature on ER and obesity and the underlying concepts. We also present an overview of ER intervention techniques. Our model indicates that childhood ER is a link between stress and obesity. Stress along with ineffective ER leads to abnormal cortisol patterns, emotional eating, sedentary lifestyle, reduction of physical activity, and sleep problems. Simultaneously, a healthy lifestyle could show benefits on ER and in developing adaptive ER strategies. In the development of obesity and ER, parents also play a role. By contrast, effective ER skills decrease obesity-related unhealthy behaviour and enhance protective factors, which boost health. The literature contains some observational studies of children but very few intervention studies, most of which are pilot or on-going studies. In conclusion, encouraging effective ER could be a useful new approach for combating and treating childhood obesity. Future ER intervention studies are needed to confirm the validity of this model in children.
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Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs9939609 polymorphism modifies the relationship between body mass index and affective symptoms through the life course: a prospective birth cohort study. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:62. [PMID: 29531329 PMCID: PMC5847566 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0110-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although bi-directional relationships between high body mass index (BMI) and affective symptoms have been found, no study has investigated the relationships across the life course. There has also been little exploration of whether the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs9939609 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with affective symptoms and/or modifies the relationship between BMI and affective symptoms. In the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD), 4556 participants had at least one measure of BMI and affective symptoms between ages 11 and 60-64 years. A structural equation modelling framework was used with the BMI trajectory fitted as latent variables representing BMI at 11, and adolescent (11-20 years), early adulthood (20-36 years) and midlife (36-53 years) change in BMI. Higher levels of adolescent emotional problems were associated with greater increases in adult BMI and greater increases in early adulthood BMI were associated with higher subsequent levels of affective symptoms in women. The rs9939609 risk variant (A allele) from 2469 participants with DNA genotyping at age 53 years showed mostly protective effect modification of these relationship. Increases in adolescent and early adulthood BMI were generally not associated with, or were associated with lower levels, of affective symptoms in the FTO risk homozygote (AA) group, but positive associations were seen in the TT group. These results suggest bi-directional relationships between higher BMI and affective symptoms across the life course in women, and that the relationship could be ameliorated by rs9939609 risk variant.
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Percinel I, Ozbaran B, Kose S, Simsek DG, Darcan S. Increased deficits in emotion recognition and regulation in children and adolescents with exogenous obesity. World J Biol Psychiatry 2018; 19:112-118. [PMID: 27885918 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1265147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study we aimed to evaluate emotion recognition and emotion regulation skills of children with exogenous obesity between the ages of 11 and 18 years and compare them with healthy controls. METHODS The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children was used for psychiatric evaluations. Emotion recognition skills were evaluated using Faces Test and Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test. The Difficulties in Emotions Regulation Scale was used for evaluating skills of emotion regulation. RESULTS Children with obesity had lower scores on Faces Test and Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, and experienced greater difficulty in emotional regulation skills. CONCLUSIONS Improved understanding of emotional recognition and emotion regulation in young people with obesity may improve their social adaptation and help in the treatment of their disorder. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate both emotional recognition and emotion regulation functions in obese children and obese adolescents between 11 and 18 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipek Percinel
- a Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Osmaniye State Hospital , Osmaniye , Turkey
| | - Burcu Ozbaran
- b Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Ege University Medical Faculty , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Sezen Kose
- b Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Ege University Medical Faculty , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Damla Goksen Simsek
- c Department of Pediatric Endocrinology , Ege University Medical Faculty , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Sukran Darcan
- c Department of Pediatric Endocrinology , Ege University Medical Faculty , Izmir , Turkey
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Ciciurkaite G, Perry BL. Body weight, perceived weight stigma and mental health among women at the intersection of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status: insights from the modified labelling approach. SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH & ILLNESS 2018; 40:18-37. [PMID: 28980335 DOI: 10.1111/1467-9566.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With increasing rates of obesity in the United States, attention to life chances and psychological consequences associated with weight stigma and weight-based discrimination has also intensified. While research has demonstrated the negative effects of weight-based discrimination on mental health, little is known about whether different social groups are disproportionately vulnerable to these experiences. Drawing on the modified labelling theory, the focus of this paper is to investigate the psychological correlates of body weight and self-perceived weight-based discrimination among American women at the intersection of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES). Analyses use data from the National Health Measurement Study (NHMS), a national multi-stage probability sample of non-institutional, English-speaking adults, ages 35 to 89 in 2005-2006. Our findings demonstrate that the effect of weight-based discrimination on psychological well-being is highly contingent on social status. Specifically, the psychological consequences of discrimination on Hispanic women and women in the lowest household income group is significantly greater relative to White women and women with higher household income, controlling for obesity status and self-rated health. These results suggest that higher social status has a buffering effect of weight stigma on psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Ciciurkaite
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Anthropology, Utah State University, USA
| | - Brea L Perry
- IU Network Science Institute (IUNI), Department of Sociology, Indiana University, USA
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Direction of Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Lifestyle Behaviors in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: the Heart and Soul Study. Ann Behav Med 2017; 50:523-32. [PMID: 26817654 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-016-9777-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence indicates that the association between depression and subsequent cardiovascular events is largely mediated by health behaviors. However, it is unclear whether depression is the cause or the consequence of poor health behaviors. PURPOSE The purpose of the present study is to examine prospective, bidirectional relationships of depressive symptoms with behavioral and lifestyle factors among patients with coronary heart disease. METHODS Depressive symptoms and lifestyle behaviors (physical activity, medication adherence, body mass index, waist to hip ratio, sleep quality, and smoking status) were assessed at baseline and 5 years later among a prospective cohort of 667 patients with stable coronary heart disease. RESULTS Greater depressive symptoms at baseline predicted poorer lifestyle behaviors 5 years later (less physical activity, lower medication adherence, higher body mass index, higher waist to hip ratio, worse sleep quality, and smoking). After adjustment for demographics, cardiac disease severity, comorbidity, and baseline lifestyle behaviors, depressive symptom severity remained predictive of subsequent worsening of physical activity (beta = -0.08; 95 % confidence interval (CI) = -0.16, -0.01; p = 0.03), medication adherence (beta = -0.16; 95 % CI = -0.24, -0.08; p < 0.001), and sleep quality (beta = -0.19; 95 % CI = -0.27, -0.11; p < 0.001). Baseline lifestyle behaviors also predicted 5-year change in depressive symptoms, although the associations were attenuated after adjustment for baseline depressive symptoms and covariates. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with coronary heart disease, depressive symptoms were linked to a range of lifestyle risk factors and predicted further declines in physical activity, medication adherence, and sleep quality.
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Bonnet G, Gómez-Abellán P, Vera B, Sánchez-Romera JF, Hernández-Martínez AM, Sookoian S, Pirola CJ, Garaulet M. Serotonin-transporter promoter polymorphism modulates the ability to control food intake: Effect on total weight loss. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28766852 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The biggest challenge for losing weight is the ability to control the amount of food eaten; the tendency to overeat is called disinhibition. Our aims were to determine whether (a) the SLC6A4-promoter variant (5-HTTLPR) relates to disinhibition; (b) this association could affect total weight-loss during a behavioral/dietary treatment for obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 2961 subjects attended voluntarily five weight-loss clinics; a subsample (n = 624) was recruited for SLC6A4 genotyping. Total weight-loss, emotional-eating-score and disinhibition-score were examined. We observed that: (a) the reduced ability to control food intake (disinhibition) is implicated in the impairment to lose weight; (b) SLC6A4-promoter variant is implicated in disinhibition. S carriers (low-expressing) of the SLC6A4-promoter variant had a lower inhibition capacity and showed more failure (1.6 times) to control the amount of food eaten than LL (p < 0.05); other factors such as eating while bored, overeating after work at night, or craving for specific foods were associated to the SLC6A4 genotype (p < 0.05); (c) The combination of disinhibition (high disinhibition) and genetics (S carrier) had a higher impact on total weight loss than each factor separately. CONCLUSIONS SLC6A4-promoter variant is associated with the ability to control food intake and interacts with emotional eating to modulate total weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Bonnet
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Vera
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Silvia Sookoian
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Institute of Medical Research, A. Lanari-IDIM, University of Buenos Aires-CONCET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Jose Pirola
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biology of Complex Diseases, Institute of Medical Research, A. Lanari-IDIM, University of Buenos Aires-CONCET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marta Garaulet
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, IMIB, Murcia, Spain
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Calarge CA, Mills JA, Janz KF, Burns TL, Coryell WH, Zemel BS. Body Composition in Adolescents During Treatment With Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors. Pediatrics 2017; 140:peds.2016-3943. [PMID: 28759400 PMCID: PMC5495528 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-3943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the independent contribution of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to changes in body composition in older adolescents. METHODS Medically healthy 15- to 20-year-olds who were unmedicated or within 1 month of starting an SSRI were prospectively followed. Psychiatric functioning and medication treatment were assessed monthly. Body Mass Index (BMI) was measured every 4 months. Every 8 months, a whole-body dual-energy radiograph absorptiometry scan was obtained to determine lean BMI, fat mass index, and visceral fat mass. Linear mixed effects regression analysis examined associations between MDD, GAD, and SSRI use variables and body composition measures. RESULTS Over 1.51 ± 0.76 years of follow-up, 264 participants contributed 805 observations. After adjusting for age, sex, physical activity, dietary intake, and time in the study, MDD severity was inversely associated, prospectively, with BMI, fat mass index, and lean BMI z scores, whereas cumulative SSRI treatment duration and dose were positively associated with these outcomes. GAD severity and diagnosis were not significantly associated with any body composition outcome. Moreover, citalopram and escitalopram were most strongly associated with the increase in all body composition measures, including visceral fat mass, whereas the associations with fluoxetine were somewhat weaker. Sertraline was not different from no SSRI treatment. CONCLUSIONS Depression severity was associated with a decrease in measures of body composition in older adolescents over a mean of 1.5 years, whereas SSRI treatment was positively associated with these outcomes, with differential effects across treatment groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadi A. Calarge
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Kathleen F. Janz
- Health and Human Physiology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, and
| | - Trudy L. Burns
- College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; and
| | | | - Babette S. Zemel
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Caballero TM, DeCamp LR, Platt RE, Shah H, Johnson SB, Sibinga EMS, Polk S. Addressing the Mental Health Needs of Latino Children in Immigrant Families. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2017; 56:648-658. [PMID: 27879297 DOI: 10.1177/0009922816679509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Latino children in the United States, whether immigrants themselves or children in immigrant families, are at high risk for mental health disorders stemming from poverty, exposure to trauma, assimilation stressors, and discrimination. The timely identification and treatment of mental health disorders in Latino children are compromised by limited healthcare access and quality as well as the lack of routine mental health screening in pediatric primary care. Here we review Spanish-language validity and implementation studies of Bright Futures previsit mental health screening tools and models of care. We identify strengths and weaknesses in the literature and suggest tools for use in mental health care assessment, management, and treatment for Latino children in pediatric primary care. Pediatricians can improve care of Latino children through awareness of risk factors for mental health disorders, integration of evidence-based screening tools, and advocacy for culturally tailored mental health resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Harita Shah
- 1 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Sarah Polk
- 1 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Tucker JM, Cadieux A, Culver K, Smith L, Stratbucker W. Psychiatric diagnoses and medication treatment among patients presenting for paediatric weight management: associations with adiposity, aerobic fitness and cardiometabolic health. Clin Obes 2017; 7:145-150. [PMID: 28320057 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We compared anthropometry, cardiometabolic risk and aerobic fitness among obese youth in weight management who were diagnosed with one or more psychiatric disorders (PD), with (PD+M) or without (PD-M) a prescribed psychotropic medication with those with no PD (NPD). Physical measures were evaluated at baseline, and psychiatric diagnoses and related medications were identified from medical records. Of 99 patients 64 (65%) had a diagnosed PD, and of those, 23 (36%) had a related medication (PD+M). Compared to NPD, PD-M had a higher body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.003), BMI z-score (P = 0.015), percent body fat (P = 0.005) and waist circumference (P < 0.001), after adjusting for age, but PD+M did not. Cardiometabolic risk did not differ between groups, but aerobic fitness was lower among PD-M (P = 0.001) and PD+M (P = 0.008) compared to NPD. Obese youth in weight management exhibit high rates of psychiatric diagnoses that are associated with lower fitness and higher adiposity and may impact treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Tucker
- Healthy Weight Center, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - A Cadieux
- Healthy Weight Center, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - K Culver
- Healthy Weight Center, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - L Smith
- Healthy Weight Center, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - W Stratbucker
- Healthy Weight Center, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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Frontini R, Haycraft E, Canavarro MC, Moreira H. The Indirect Effect of Family Cohesion on Children’s Weight Status Through Maternal Quality of Life and Children’s Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-017-9408-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gynecologic and Obstetric Consequences of Obesity in Adolescent Girls. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2017; 30:156-168. [PMID: 26915924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the past few decades, there has been an overwhelming increase in childhood and adolescent obesity worldwide. Besides the well recognized cardiometabolic complications and other physical conditions associated with obesity, during adolescence, it causes psychological and social distress in a period of life that is already sensitive for a girl. This in turn increases their risk of low self-esteem and depression. Furthermore, obesity diminishes health-related quality of life and years of life. Overweight and obese teenagers are more likely to have gynecologic and obstetric complications, during adolescence and also later in life. Consequences of obese and overweight childhood and adolescence include sexual maturation and reproductive dysfunction, alterations in menstruation, dysmenorrhea, risky sexual behavior, and inefficient use of contraception, polycystic ovary syndrome, bone density abnormalities, macromastia, and an increased risk of breast and endometrial cancer. Obese adolescents are at greater risk of pregnancy and perinatal complications, such as preeclampsia, gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, primary cesarean delivery, and induction of labor, to mention a few. Evidence shows that infants born to obese teenagers are also more likely to have complications including preterm or post-term delivery, small-for-gestational age newborns, macrosomia, meconium aspiration, respiratory distress, and even stillbirth, among others. This comprehensive review focuses on the gynecological and obstetric consequences of obesity in adolescent girls.
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Goldstein BI, Blanco C, He JP, Merikangas K. Correlates of Overweight and Obesity Among Adolescents With Bipolar Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A). J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2016; 55:1020-1026. [PMID: 27871636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite substantial evidence on the prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity (OW/OB) in adults with bipolar disorder (BD), little is known about this topic in adolescents with BD. METHOD The method consisted of the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement, a face-to-face survey of mental disorders from 2001 through 2004, using a modified version of the fully structured World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Participants were adolescents 13 to 17 years of age, with bipolar disorder I or II (n = 295), major depressive disorder (n = 1,112), or controls with neither mood disorder (n = 8,716). Analyses examined for group differences in the prevalence of OW/OB and for correlates of OW/OB in the group with BD. RESULTS There were no significant differences in weight categories across groups. OW and OB in adolescents with BD were associated with significantly higher lifetime rates of suicide attempt (odds ratio 3.02, 95% CI 1.11-8.24), physical or sexual abuse (2.82, 1.20-6.60), binge eating or bulimia (2.66, 1.13-6.26), and conduct disorder (2.60, 1.10-6.13) in covariate-adjusted analyses. OW and OB also were significantly associated with seeing a professional for depression, being hospitalized overnight for depression, and receiving general medical treatment. CONCLUSION The similar prevalence of OW/OB in adolescents with and without BD suggests that this potent association in adults likely comprises a consequence of BD or its correlates. In contrast, the strong association of OW/OB with proxies for depression severity, including suicide attempts and hospitalization, is already evident even in this young, nonclinical sample. Studies are warranted to determine whether early intervention of OW/OB in BD might optimize physical and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin I Goldstein
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Carlos Blanco
- National Institute on Drug Abuse and the Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jian-Ping He
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch and the Developmental Trajectories of Mental Disorders Branch, National Institute of Mental Health
| | - Kathleen Merikangas
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch and the Developmental Trajectories of Mental Disorders Branch, National Institute of Mental Health
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Schwartz BS, Glass TA, Pollak J, Hirsch AG, Bailey-Davis L, Moran T, Bandeen-Roche K. Depression, its comorbidities and treatment, and childhood body mass index trajectories. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:2585-2592. [PMID: 27804225 PMCID: PMC5125866 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE No prior studies have evaluated depression diagnoses and cumulative antidepressant use in relation to longitudinal body mass index (BMI) trajectories in a population-representative sample. METHODS Electronic health record data from 105,163 children ages 8 to 18 years with 314,648 BMI values were used. Depression diagnoses were evaluated as ever versus never, cumulative number of encounters with diagnoses, and total duration of diagnoses. Antidepressants were evaluated as months of use. Associations were evaluated with diagnoses alone, antidepressants alone, and then together, adjusting for covariates. RESULTS A total of 6,172 (5.9%) and 10,628 (10.1%) children had a diagnosis of depression or received antidepressant treatment, respectively. At all ages, children receiving Medical Assistance (30.9%) were more likely to be treated with antidepressants. Depression diagnosis and antidepressant use were each independently and positively associated with BMI trajectories; associations were stronger with longer durations of diagnosis and treatment. Among children who received 12 or more months of antidepressants (vs. none), the mean (95% CI) weight gain at 18 years associated with antidepressant use (all classes) was 2.10 (1.76-2.45) kg. CONCLUSIONS Depression and antidepressant use were both independently associated with increasing BMIs over time, suggesting an important unintended consequence of healthcare to the obesity epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S. Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Center for Health Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA
| | - Thomas A. Glass
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jonathan Pollak
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | - Timothy Moran
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Karen Bandeen-Roche
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
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Rankin J, Matthews L, Cobley S, Han A, Sanders R, Wiltshire HD, Baker JS. Psychological consequences of childhood obesity: psychiatric comorbidity and prevention. Adolesc Health Med Ther 2016; 7:125-146. [PMID: 27881930 PMCID: PMC5115694 DOI: 10.2147/ahmt.s101631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century with far-reaching and enduring adverse consequences for health outcomes. Over 42 million children <5 years worldwide are estimated to be overweight (OW) or obese (OB), and if current trends continue, then an estimated 70 million children will be OW or OB by 2025. The purpose of this review was to focus on psychiatric, psychological, and psychosocial consequences of childhood obesity (OBy) to include a broad range of international studies. The aim was to establish what has recently changed in relation to the common psychological consequences associated with childhood OBy. A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for articles presenting information on the identification or prevention of psychiatric morbidity in childhood obesity. Relevant data were extracted and narratively reviewed. Findings established childhood OW/OBy was negatively associated with psychological comorbidities, such as depression, poorer perceived lower scores on health-related quality of life, emotional and behavioral disorders, and self-esteem during childhood. Evidence related to the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and OBy remains unconvincing because of various findings from studies. OW children were more likely to experience multiple associated psychosocial problems than their healthy-weight peers, which may be adversely influenced by OBy stigma, teasing, and bullying. OBy stigma, teasing, and bullying are pervasive and can have serious consequences for emotional and physical health and performance. It remains unclear as to whether psychiatric disorders and psychological problems are a cause or a consequence of childhood obesity or whether common factors promote both obesity and psychiatric disturbances in susceptible children and adolescents. A cohesive and strategic approach to tackle this current obesity epidemic is necessary to combat this increasing trend which is compromising the health and well-being of the young generation and seriously impinging on resources and economic costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Rankin
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley
| | - Lynsay Matthews
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Stephen Cobley
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ahreum Han
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ross Sanders
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Huw D Wiltshire
- Cardiff School of Sport/Ysgol Chwaraeon Caerdydd, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Julien S Baker
- School of Science and Sport, Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Science, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton, Scotland
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Hunsberger M, Lehtinen-Jacks S, Mehlig K, Gwozdz W, Russo P, Michels N, Bammann K, Pigeot I, Fernández-Alvira JM, Thumann BF, Molnar D, Veidebaum T, Hadjigeorgiou C, Lissner L. Bidirectional associations between psychosocial well-being and body mass index in European children: longitudinal findings from the IDEFICS study. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:949. [PMID: 27608963 PMCID: PMC5017061 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3626-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The negative impact of childhood overweight on psychosocial well-being has been demonstrated in a number of studies. There is also evidence that psychosocial well-being may influence future overweight. We examined the bidirectional association between childhood overweight and psychosocial well-being in children from a large European cohort. The dual aim was to investigate the chronology of associations between overweight and psychosocial health indicators and the extent to which these associations may be explained by parental education. Methods Participants from the IDEFICS study were recruited from eight countries between September 2007 and June 2008 when the children were aged 2 to 9.9 years old. Children and families provided data on lifestyle, psychosocial well-being, and measured anthropometry at baseline and at follow-up 2 years later. This study includes children with weight, height, and psychosocial well-being measurements at both time points (n = 7,831). Psychosocial well-being was measured by the KINDL® and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire respectively. The first instrument measures health-related quality of life including emotional well-being, self-esteem, parent relations and social relations while the second measures well-being based on emotional symptoms, conduct problems and peer-related problems. Logistic regression was used for modeling longitudinal associations. Results Children who were overweight at baseline had increased risk of poor health-related quality of life (odds ratio (OR) = 1.23; 95 % confidence interval (CI):1.03–1.48) measured 2 years later; this association was unidirectional. In contrast to health-related quality of life, poor well-being at baseline was associated with increased risk of overweight (OR = 1.39; 95 % CI:1.03–1.86) at 2 year follow-up; this association was also only observed in one direction. Adjustment for parental education did not change our findings. Conclusion Our findings indicate that the association between overweight and psychosocial well-being may be bidirectional but varies by assessment measures. Future research should further investigate which aspects of psychosocial well-being are most likely to precede overweight and which are more likely to be consequences of overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Hunsberger
- Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (EPSO), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 453, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | | | - Kirsten Mehlig
- Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (EPSO), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 453, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Wencke Gwozdz
- Department of Intercultural Communication and Management, Copenhagen Business School, POR/18.B-1.118, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paola Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, CNR Via Roma 64-83100, Avellino, Italy
| | | | - Karin Bammann
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, Faculty of Human and Health Sciences (FB 11), University of Bremen, Grazer Str. 2a, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Iris Pigeot
- Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Achterstr. 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Juan Miguel Fernández-Alvira
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III Madrid, Spain and GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research group, University of Zaragoza, Madrid, Spain
| | - Barbara Franziska Thumann
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Achterstr. 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Dénes Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pécs, H-7623, Pécs, József A. u. 7, Hungary
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- National Institute for Health and Development, Hiiu 42, 11619, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Lauren Lissner
- Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (EPSO), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 453, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Kagawa RMC, Fernald LCH, Behrman JR. Weight Status and Behavioral Problems among Very Young Children in Chile. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161380. [PMID: 27583678 PMCID: PMC5008787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Our objective was to explore the association between weight status and behavioral problems in children before school age. We examined whether the association between weight status and behavioral problems varied by age and sex. SUBJECTS/METHODS This study used cross-sectional data from a nationally-representative sample of children and their families in Chile (N = 11,207). These children were selected using a cluster-stratified random sampling strategy. Data collection for this study took place in 2012 when the children were 1.5-6 years of age. We used multivariable analyses to examine the association between weight status and behavioral problems (assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist), while controlling for child's sex, indigenous status, birth weight, and months breastfed; primary caregiver's BMI and education level; and household wealth. RESULTS Approximately 24% of our sample was overweight or obese. Overweight or obese girls showed more behavioral problems than normal weight girls at age 6 (β = 0.270 SD, 95% CI = 0.047, 0.493, P = 0.018). Among boys age 1 to 5 years, overweight/obesity was associated with a small reduction in internalizing behaviors (β = -0.09 SD, 95% CI = -0.163, -0.006, P = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the associations between weight status and behavioral problems vary across age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose M. C. Kagawa
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Lia C. H. Fernald
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Jere R. Behrman
- Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
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Şanlier N, Türközü D, Toka O. Body Image, Food Addiction, Depression, and Body Mass Index in University Students. Ecol Food Nutr 2016; 55:491-507. [DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2016.1219951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Jaschek G, Carter-Pokras O, He X, Lee S, Canino G. Association of child maltreatment and depressive symptoms among Puerto Rican youth. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2016; 58:63-71. [PMID: 27344268 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This article compares multiple types of child maltreatment among Puerto Rican youth. We seek to expand the limited knowledge of the effects of multiple types of maltreatment on depressive symptoms in a specific Latino population as emerging studies indicate that children who are exposed to one type of maltreatment are often exposed to other types. This study examines the predictive strength of different and multiple types of lifetime child maltreatment (i.e., physical, sexual, and emotional abuse; and neglect), and the effect of youth support from parents, youth coping, youth self-esteem, and place of residence on depressive symptoms among Puerto Rican youth. Secondary data analyses were performed using three annual waves (2000-2004) of data from the Boricua Youth Study. The analytic sample consists of 1041 10-13 year old Puerto Rican youth living in New York and Puerto Rico. Results indicate that: (1) youth who experienced 'sexual abuse only', 'multiple maltreatment' (2 or more types of maltreatment), 'physical abuse only' have a significant increase in depressive symptoms (75.1%, 61.6%, and 40.5% respectively) compared to those without maltreatment; and (2) place of residence, exposure to violence, and mental disorders were significant risk factors. When developing psychosocial interventions, professionals should particularly focus on youth who report past lifetime experience with child maltreatment. Particular attention should be given to children living in the Bronx, New York and similar urban low-income areas who report past lifetime experience with multiple types of child maltreatment and who present symptoms or a diagnosis of co-occurring mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Jaschek
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, Building 255, 2242 Valley Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Olivia Carter-Pokras
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, Building 255, 2242 Valley Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Xin He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, Building 255, 2242 Valley Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Sunmin Lee
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, Building 255, 2242 Valley Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Glorisa Canino
- Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, PO Box 365067, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA.
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Association of childhood and teen school performance and obesity in young adulthood in the US National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Prev Med 2016; 89:57-63. [PMID: 27196145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature suggests an association between poor school performance and obesity. However, little is known about academic achievement and behavior as possible risk factors for future obesity. METHOD The analysis was based on data from 3172 participants aged 6 to 25years from the US National Longitudinal Survey conducted 1986 to 2010. Academic achievement, behavior problems and body mass index (BMI) were assessed at childhood (6-9) and teenhood (10-14). Height and weight were self-reported at pre-young adulthood (15-18) and young adulthood (19-25). RESULTS Based on logistic regression stratified by sex and race/ethnicity, academic and behavioral deficiencies during childhood and teenhood were risk factors for young adult obesity with some sex and ethnic/racial differences. The highest prevalence rates of obesity by race/ethnicity and sex are as follows: black/Hispanic females, those in the lowest quartile of teen reading and math (32.8%); black/Hispanic males, those in lowest quartile of teen reading (26.1%); white males, those in the highest quartile of behavioral problems (21.9%); and white females, those in the lowest quartile teen math (23.2%). CONCLUSION Poor school performance in childhood and teenhood is associated with an increased risk of adult obesity. Prospective studies should further examine the association of school performance and adult obesity and whether programs directed at improving school performance may have secondary gains in preventing obesity.
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Body Mass Index, Self-Esteem, and Suicide Risk in Clinically Depressed African American and White American Females. JOURNAL OF BLACK PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0095798403256890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Self-esteem and depression, as well as depression and body mass index (BMI), have consistently been found to be significantly associated for African American and White American females. The results are dissimilar when BMI and self-esteem are studied. Historically, the relationship between BMI and self-esteem is weak or nonexistent for African American females; however, for White American females, the relationship is usually significant. The goal of this study was to determine whether clinically depressed, healthy-weight, overweight, and obese females would differ significantly on self-esteem and suicide risk measures. In a voluntary hospital-based inpatient psychiatric unit, 165 clinically depressed females completed the self-esteem rating scale and the suicide risk scale. Healthy-weight, overweight, and obese African American females did not differ significantly on measures of self-esteem and suicide risk. However, depressed, obese White American females had significantly lower self-esteem and increased suicide risk than depressed healthy-weight and overweight White American females. Implications of the current results are discussed.
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Mannan M, Mamun A, Doi S, Clavarino A. Prospective Associations between Depression and Obesity for Adolescent Males and Females- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157240. [PMID: 27285386 PMCID: PMC4902254 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescent obesity and depression are increasingly prevalent and are currently recognised as major public health concerns worldwide. The aim of this study is to evaluate the bi-directional associations between obesity and depression in adolescents using longitudinal studies. A systematic literature search was conducted using Pubmed (including Medline), PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, BIOSIS Preview and the Cochrane Library databases. According to the inclusion criteria, 13 studies were found where seven studies evaluated depression leading to obesity and six other studies examined obesity leading to depression. Using a bias-adjusted quality effects model for the meta-analysis, we found that adolescents who were depressed had a 70% (RR 1.70, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.07) increased risk of being obese, conversely obese adolescents had an increased risk of 40% (RR 1.40, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.70) of being depressed. The risk difference (RD) of early adolescent depression leading to obesity is 3% higher risk than it is for obesity leading to depression. In sensitivity analysis, the association between depression leading to obesity was greater than that of obesity leading to depression for females in early adulthood compared with females in late adolescence. Overall, the findings of this study suggest a bi-directional association between depression and obesity that was stronger for female adolescents. However, this finding also underscores the importance of early detection and treatment strategies to inhibit the development of reciprocal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munim Mannan
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, 4102, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Abdullah Mamun
- School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Herston Road, Herston, 4006, Queensland, Australia
| | - Suhail Doi
- Research School of Population Health, ANU College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Alexandra Clavarino
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, 4102, Queensland, Australia
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Abstract
Bariatric surgery provides a clinically effective and cost-effective means of achieving sustained weight reduction and management of associated comorbidities and has been met with increasing enthusiasm for application in obese youth. Following trends seen among obese adults, carefully selected obese youth are now undergoing bariatric surgical procedures with excellent short-term and intermediate-term outcomes. Although long-term data are not yet available, the results thus far hold great promise in the management of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar L Mirensky
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Mount Sinai Hospital, 5 East 98th Street, 10th Floor, Box 1259, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
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Iorfino F, Hickie IB, Lee RSC, Lagopoulos J, Hermens DF. The underlying neurobiology of key functional domains in young people with mood and anxiety disorders: a systematic review. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16:156. [PMID: 27215830 PMCID: PMC4878058 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-0852-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood and anxiety disorders are leading causes of disability and mortality, due largely to their onset during adolescence and young adulthood and broader impact on functioning. Key factors that are associated with disability and these disorders in young people are social and economic participation (e.g. education, employment), physical health, suicide and self-harm behaviours, and alcohol and substance use. A better understanding of the objective markers (i.e. neurobiological parameters) associated with these factors is important for the development of effective early interventions that reduce the impact of disability and illness persistence. METHODS We systematically reviewed the literature for neurobiological parameters (i.e. neuropsychology, neuroimaging, sleep-wake and circadian biology, neurophysiology and metabolic measures) associated with functional domains in young people (12 to 30 years) with mood and/or anxiety disorders. RESULTS Of the one hundred and thirty-four studies selected, 7.6 % investigated social and economic participation, 2.1 % physical health, 15.3 % suicide and self-harm behaviours, 6.9 % alcohol and substance use, whereas the majority (68.1 %) focussed on clinical syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Despite the predominance of studies that solely examine the clinical syndrome of young people the literature also provides evidence of distinct associations among objective measures (indexing various aspects of brain circuitry) and other functional domains. We suggest that a shift in focus towards characterising the mechanisms that underlie and/or mediate multiple functional domains will optimise personalised interventions and improve illness trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Iorfino
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Rico S C Lee
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Jim Lagopoulos
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Daniel F Hermens
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
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Morgese MG, Tucci P, Mhillaj E, Bove M, Schiavone S, Trabace L, Cuomo V. Lifelong Nutritional Omega-3 Deficiency Evokes Depressive-Like State Through Soluble Beta Amyloid. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:2079-2089. [PMID: 26924315 PMCID: PMC5355522 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9809-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence pointed out that the prevalence of depression has reached epidemic proportions in last decades. This increase has been linked to many environmental factors, among these the influence of dietary factors has gained great attention. In particular, it has been reported that low n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) intake in diet is correlated to the development of depressive and anxiety-like symptoms. Furthermore, maternal malnutrition is a widely accepted risk factor for developing mental illness in later adulthood; among others, depression has been strongly associated to this event. On the other hand, we have previously found that acute intracerebral injection of the soluble beta amyloid 1–42 (Aβ1–42) peptide induces a depressive-like behavior in rats, associated to altered hypothalamic–pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation and reduced cortical serotonin and neurotrophin levels. The aim of the present work was to study the effect of pre- and post-natal (5 weeks post-weaning) exposure to diets differently enriched in n-3, n-6, as well as n-6/n-3 PUFA balanced, on immobility time displayed on the forced swimming test (FST), along with neuroendocrine quantification in offspring rats. Results showed that n-6 PUFA-enriched diet increased depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors, as shown by the elevation in the immobility time in the FST test and self-grooming in the open field test. Those effects were accompanied by reduced cortical serotonin, high plasmatic corticosterone and hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor levels. Finally, enhanced plasmatic Aβ1–42 levels after n-6 PUFA diet and reduced plasmatic Aβ1–42 levels after n-3 PUFA were found. Taken together, our data indicate that Aβ1–42 might be crucially involved in behavioral alterations found after n-6 rich PUFA diet and strongly endorse the protective role of n-3 and the detrimental effect of improper n-6 PUFA diet consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Morgese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Paolo Tucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mhillaj
- Physiology and Pharmacology, La Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Bove
- Physiology and Pharmacology, La Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Schiavone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigia Trabace
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cuomo
- Physiology and Pharmacology, La Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the relative contribution of childhood experience, measured by childhood violence and childhood happiness, and adult well-being on adult eating preferences and behaviours, independent of proximal factors such as current deprivation. DESIGN A cross-sectional, stratified, randomised sample survey using retrospective measures of childhood violence and happiness and self-reported measures of current well-being. SETTING The North West Region of England between September 2012 and March 2013. PARTICIPANTS Individuals aged 18-95-year-olds from randomly selected households (participation was successful for 90% of eligible households and 78% of the total visited addresses; n=11,243). OUTCOMES Dichotomised measures for preference of healthy foods or 'feel good' foods and low or high daily fruit and vegetable consumption. RESULTS After correcting for demographics, combined categories for childhood experience and dichotomised measures of adult well-being were found to be significantly related to adult food preferences and eating behaviours. Participants with unhappy and violent childhoods compared to those with happy and non-violent childhoods had adjusted ORs (95% CI, significance) of 2.67 (2.15 to 3.06, p<0.001) of having low daily fruit and vegetable intake (two or less portions) and 1.53 (1.29 to 1.81, p<0.001) of choosing 'feel good' foods over foods which were good for their long term health. CONCLUSIONS Daily intake of fruit and vegetables, linked to non-communicable diseases, and preference for 'feel good' foods, linked to obesity, are affected by childhood experience and adult well-being independent of demographic factors. Preventative interventions which support parent-child relationships and improve childhood experience are likely to reduce the development of poor dietary and other health-risk behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Russell
- Centre for Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Karen Hughes
- Centre for Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mark A Bellis
- Centre for Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Depression among High School Girls in Ahvaz. Adv Med 2016; 2016:3645493. [PMID: 27689134 PMCID: PMC5023826 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3645493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. Today, obesity and depression are two major illnesses that are on the rise all over the world and threaten human health. This research was done to determine the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and depression among Ahvaz high school female students. Method. In a descriptive-analytical study using stratified random sampling, 400 female high school students in academic year of 2013-2014 were picked and their height and weight were measured. BMI was classified based on World Health Organization classification. To assess the severity of depression, Beck depression questionnaire was used. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation test were used. Results. In terms of BMI 9% of students were slim, 77% were at an acceptable level, and 14% were overweight. Also, the prevalence of depression was 86.20% major depression and 13.79% moderate depression for obese persons, 10.41% major depression and 70.83% moderate depression for overweight persons, 8.78% major depression and 12.97% moderate depression for normal weight persons, and 9% moderate depression for slim persons. The relationship between BMI and depression among high school students is positive and significant (P < 0.001; r = 0.555). Conclusion. There is a positive and significant relationship between BMI and the severity of depression among Ahvaz high school female students.
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Zenlea IS, Burton ET, Askins N, Pluhar EI, Rhodes ET. The Burden of Psychosocial Stressors and Urgent Mental Health Problems in a Pediatric Weight Management Program. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2015; 54:1247-56. [PMID: 25780257 PMCID: PMC4861055 DOI: 10.1177/0009922815574077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically screen for behavioral and mental health problems and psychosocial stressors (PS) in newly referred patients and adult caregivers (PACs) in a pediatric weight management program. METHODS We used the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) for caregivers and patients ≥18 years, and assessed urgent mental health concerns and psychosocial stressors. RESULTS A total of 243 PACs were screened; data were unavailable for 6. Compared with US normative data for the SDQ-Parent Proxy Version, the proportion of patients in our sample with borderline/abnormal total difficulties and conduct problems scores was greater for all age groups. Among adult caregivers with complete CES-D, 18.4% were at risk for depression. Eleven percent of patients screened positive for urgent mental health problems. Overall, 43% of patients and 57.4% of caregivers had PS. CONCLUSIONS Systematic screening identified untreated symptoms and significant PS. Addressing these complex problems likely requires collaborative approaches with community providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S. Zenlea
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital,
Boston, MA,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - E. Thomaseo Burton
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Boston
Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nissa Askins
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital,
Boston, MA
| | - Emily Israel Pluhar
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Department of Family Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine,
Boston, MA
| | - Erinn T. Rhodes
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital,
Boston, MA,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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