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Barbosa RMR, de Melo-Santos MAV, Silveira JC, Silva-Filha MHNL, Souza WV, de Oliveira CMF, Ayres CFJ, Xavier MDN, Rodrigues MP, dos Santos SA, Nakazawa MM, Regis LN. Infestation of an endemic arbovirus area by sympatric populations of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2020; 115:e190437. [PMID: 32428083 PMCID: PMC7233267 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760190437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the most important arbovirus vectors in the world. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate and compare the infestation pattern of these species in a neighbourhood of Recife, Brazil, endemic for arboviruses in 2005 (T1) and 2013 (T2). METHODS Infestation, distribution and relative abundance of these sympatric species were recorded by egg collection using a network of 59 sentinel ovitraps (s-ovt) at fixed sampling stations for 12 months in T1 and T2. FINDINGS A permanent occupation pattern was detected which was characterised by the presence of egg-laying females of one or both species with a high ovitrap positivity index (94.3 to 100%) throughout both years analysed. In terms of abundance, the total of eggs collected was lower (p < 0.005) in T2 (146,153) than in T1 (281,103), although ovitraps still displayed a high index of positivity. The spatial distribution showed the presence of both species in 65.1% of the 148 s-ovt assessed, while a smaller number of traps exclusively contained Ae. aegypti (22%) or Ae. albopictus (13.2%) eggs. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our comparative analysis demonstrated the robustness of the spatial occupation and permanence of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus populations in this endemic urban area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José Constantino Silveira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | | | - Wayner Vieira Souza
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Marina Praxedes Rodrigues
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Entomologia, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Suzane Alves dos Santos
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Entomologia, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Mitsue Maia Nakazawa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Entomologia, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Lêda Narcisa Regis
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Entomologia, Recife, PE, Brasil
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The Asian tiger mosquito in Brazil: Observations on biology and ecological interactions since its first detection in 1986. Acta Trop 2020; 205:105386. [PMID: 32027837 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus is a mosquito originating from the Asian continent, which was detected in the Americas in 1985 and Brazil in 1986. Due to its rapid expansion throughout Brazil, this species has already been reported in 26 of the 27 federative units of Brazil. In this review, we evaluate some of the biological, epidemiological and ecological characteristics of Ae. albopictus through critical analysis of their importance in the pathogen transmission dynamics, since its first record in the country. We show that immature forms of this species are frequently found in artificial breeding sites whereas females exhibit anthropophilic behavior despite its eclecticism on blood feeding. In addition, Ae. albopictus shows advantages in interspecific competition with Ae. aegypti for both immature and adult stages. Taking together, these aspects as well as its vector competence indicate that Ae. albopictus could act as a bridge vector between sylvatic and urban pathogen transmission cycles. We conclude by pointing to the need of continuous surveillance of Ae. albopictus in Brazil and raise several questions that still need to be answered.
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Ricas Rezende H, Malta Romano C, Morales Claro I, Santos Caleiro G, Cerdeira Sabino E, Felix AC, Bissoli J, Hill S, Rodrigues Faria N, Cardoso da Silva TC, Brioschi Santos AP, Cerutti Junior C, Vicente CR. First report of Aedes albopictus infected by Dengue and Zika virus in a rural outbreak in Brazil. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229847. [PMID: 32163449 PMCID: PMC7067471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In Brazil, Dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses are reported as being transmitted exclusively by Aedes aegypti in urban settings. This study established the vectors and viruses involved in an arbovirus outbreak that occurred in 2019 in a rural area of Espírito Santo state, Brazil. Mosquitoes collected were morphologically identified, sorted in samples, and submitted to molecular analysis for arboviruses detection. Phylogenetic reconstruction was performed for the viral sequence obtained. All 393 mosquitoes were identified as Aedes albopictus. DENV-1 genotype V was present in one sample and another sample was positive for ZIKV. The DENV-1 clustered with viruses that have circulated in previous years in large urban centers of different regions in Brazil. This is the first report of A. albopictus infected by DENV and ZIKV during an outbreak in a rural area in Brazil, indicating its involvement in arboviral transmission. The DENV-1 strain found in the A. albopictus was not new in Brazil, being involved previously in epidemics related to A. aegypti, suggesting the potential to A. albopictus in transmitting viruses already circulating in the Brazilian population. This finding also indicates the possibility of these viruses to disperse across urban and rural settings, imposing additional challenges for the control of the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helder Ricas Rezende
- Núcleo de Entomologia e Malacologia, Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Espírito Santo, Serra, Espírito Santo State, Brazil
| | - Camila Malta Romano
- Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP (LIM52), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Ingra Morales Claro
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Giovana Santos Caleiro
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Ester Cerdeira Sabino
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Alvina Clara Felix
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Bissoli
- Vigilância em Saúde, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Linhares, Linhares, Espírito Santo State, Brazil
| | - Sarah Hill
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ana Paula Brioschi Santos
- Vigilância em Saúde, Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil
| | - Crispim Cerutti Junior
- Departamento de Medicina Social, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil
| | - Creuza Rachel Vicente
- Departamento de Medicina Social, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Paiva MHS, Barbosa RMR, Santos SA, Silva NM, Paula MB, Ayres CFJ, Leal WS. An unsettling explanation for the failure of skatole-baited ovitraps to capture Culex mosquitoes. INSECT SCIENCE 2019; 26:873-880. [PMID: 29442435 PMCID: PMC6488435 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Culex mosquitoes are primarily found in temperate and tropical regions worldwide where they play a crucial role as main vectors of filarial worms and arboviruses. In Recife, a northeast city in Brazil, high densities of Culex quinquefasciatus are often found in association with human populated areas. In marked contrast to another part of the city, field tests conducted in the neighborhood of Sítio dos Pintos showed that trapping of mosquitoes in skatole-baited ovitraps did not differ significantly from captures in control (water) traps. Thus, classical and molecular taxonomic approaches were used to analyze the Culex species circulating in Sítio dos Pintos. Results obtained from both approaches agreed on the cocirculation of Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex nigripalpus in three different areas of this neighborhood. What was initially considered as an unexpected failure of this lure turned out to be a more unsettling problem, that is, the first report in Recife of Culex nigripalpus, a vector of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and West Nile virus. Unplanned urbanization processes close to remnants of the Atlantic forest, such as observed in Sítio dos Pintos, may have contributed to the introduction of Cx. nigripalpus in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo H. S. Paiva
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50.740-465 Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro Acadêmico do Agreste, Rodovia BR-104, km 59/Nova Caruaru, Caruaru, PE, 55.002-970 Brazil
| | - Rosângela M. R. Barbosa
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50.740-465 Brazil
| | - Suzane A. Santos
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50.740-465 Brazil
| | - Norma M. Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Florianópolis, SC, 88.040-900 Brazil
| | - Marcia B. Paula
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904 Brazil
| | - Constância F. J. Ayres
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n - Campus da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50.740-465 Brazil
| | - Walter S. Leal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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Silva CJD, Pereira SV, Apolinário EJ, Santos GLD, Melo-Santos MAV, Silva AFD, Wallau GL, Oliveira CMFD. Culicidae fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) survey in urban, ecotonal and forested areas, from the Moreno municipality - Pernambuco State, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2018; 51:523-527. [PMID: 30133638 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0249-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mosquitoes are vectors of several pathogens in tropical regions. However, information on Culicidae in the northeast region of Brazil is scarce despite many municipalities having environmental conditions favorable for these insects. METHODS We collected mosquitoes monthly for one year from urban, ecotonal, and ecological reserve areas in Moreno, Brazil, by using CDC Miniature light traps, aspiration, ovitraps, and liquid suction. RESULTS We collected 1,401 insects in the Culicidae family. Fifteen species of seven genera of Culicidae were identified and five specimens were identified only at the genus level. CONCLUSIONS There is a wide diversity of mosquito species in the sampled areas, some of which are important for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maria Alice Varjal Melo-Santos
- Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Biotecnologia em Saúde - Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE, Brasil.,Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Freitas da Silva
- Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Biotecnologia em Saúde - Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE, Brasil.,Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Gabriel Luz Wallau
- Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Biotecnologia em Saúde - Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE, Brasil.,Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Cláudia Maria Fontes de Oliveira
- Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Biotecnologia em Saúde - Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE, Brasil.,Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE, Brasil
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6
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Suter T, Crespo MM, de Oliveira MF, de Oliveira TSA, de Melo-Santos MAV, de Oliveira CMF, Ayres CFJ, Barbosa RMR, Araújo AP, Regis LN, Flacio E, Engeler L, Müller P, Silva-Filha MHNL. Insecticide susceptibility of Aedes albopictus and Ae. aegypti from Brazil and the Swiss-Italian border region. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:431. [PMID: 28927441 PMCID: PMC5606125 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2364-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are two highly invasive mosquito species, both vectors of several viruses, including dengue, chikungunya and Zika. While Ae. aegypti is the primary vector in the tropics and sub-tropics, Ae. albopictus is increasingly under the public health watch as it has been implicated in arbovirus-transmission in more temperate regions, including continental Europe. Vector control using insecticides is the pillar of most control programmes; hence development of insecticide resistance is of great concern. As part of a Brazilian-Swiss Joint Research Programme we set out to assess whether there are any signs of existing or incipient insecticide resistance primarily against the larvicide Bacillus thuringiensis svar. israelensis (Bti), but also against currently applied and potentially alternative insecticides in our areas, Recife (Brazil) and the Swiss-Italian border region. METHODS Following World Health Organization guidelines, dose-response curves for a range of insecticides were established for both colonized and field caught Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. The larvicides included Bti, two of its toxins, Cry11Aa and Cry4Ba, Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Vectomax CG®, a formulated combination of Bti and L. sphaericus, and diflubenzuron. In addition to the larvicides, the Swiss-Italian Ae. albopictus populations were also tested against five adulticides (bendiocarb, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, malathion, permethrin and λ-cyhalothrin). RESULTS Showing a similar dose-response, all mosquito populations were fully susceptible to the larvicides tested and, in particular, to Bti which is currently used both in Brazil and Switzerland. In addition, there were no signs of incipient resistance against Bti as larvae were equally susceptible to the individual toxins, Cry11Aa and Cry4Ba. The field-caught Swiss-Italian populations were susceptible to the adulticides tested but DDT mortality rates showed signs of reduced susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS The insecticides currently used for mosquito control in Switzerland and Brazil are still effective against the target populations. The present study provides an important reference as relatively few insecticide susceptibility surveys have been carried out with Ae. albopictus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Suter
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, PO Box, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
- Avia-GIS, Risschotlei 33, 2980 Zoersel, Belgium
| | - Mônica Maria Crespo
- Department of Entomology, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães-FIOCRUZ, Recife 50740-465, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ana Paula Araújo
- Department of Entomology, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães-FIOCRUZ, Recife 50740-465, Brazil
| | - Lêda Narcisa Regis
- Department of Entomology, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães-FIOCRUZ, Recife 50740-465, Brazil
| | - Eleonora Flacio
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Engeler
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Pie Müller
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, PO Box, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
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Carvalho RG, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R, Braga IA. Updating the geographical distribution and frequency of Aedes albopictus in Brazil with remarks regarding its range in the Americas. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2014; 109:787-96. [PMID: 25317707 PMCID: PMC4238772 DOI: 10.1590/0074-0276140304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The geographical distribution of Aedes albopictus in Brazil was updated according to the data recorded across the country over the last eight years. Countrywide house indexes (HI) for Ae. albopictus in urban and suburban areas were described for the first time using a sample of Brazilian municipalities. This mosquito is currently present in at least 59% of the Brazilian municipalities and in 24 of the 27 federal units (i.e., 26 states and the Federal District). In 34 Brazilian municipalities, the HI values for Ae. albopictus were higher than those recorded for Ae. aegypti, reaching figures as high as HI = 7.72 in the Southeast Region. Remarks regarding the current range of this mosquito species in the Americas are also presented. Nineteen American countries are currently infested and few mainland American countries have not confirmed the occurrence of Ae. albopictus. The large distribution and high frequency of Ae. albopictus in the Americas may become a critical factor in the spread of arboviruses like chikungunya in the new world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ima Aparecida Braga
- Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF,
Brasil
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8
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Lira-Vieira AR, Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Moreira IM, Yoshizawa MAC, Coutinho ML, Prado PS, Souza JLD, Chaib AJDM, Moreira JS, Castro CND. Ecological aspects of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the gallery forest of Brasília National Park, Brazil, with an emphasis on potential vectors of yellow fever. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2014; 46:566-74. [PMID: 24142367 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0136-2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We analyzed the vertical and monthly distributions of culicid species in the gallery forest of Brasília National Park, with an emphasis on the potential vectors of yellow fever (YF). METHODS Between September 2010 and August 2011, mosquitoes were captured on the ground and in the canopy of the forest for five consecutive days per month, from nine to 15 hours. The mosquitoes were examined to verify natural infection with flaviviruses by isolation in Aedes albopictus Skuse, 1864 cells followed by indirect immunofluorescence. RESULTS We identified 2,677 culicids distributed in 29 species. Most of the mosquitoes were captured at ground level (69%) during the rainy season (86%). The most abundant species were Sabethes (Sabethes) albiprivus Theobald, 1903; Limatus durhamii Theobald, 1901; Haemagogus (Conopostegus) leucocelaenus Dyar & Shannon, 1924; Haemagogus (Haemagogus) janthinomys Dyar, 1921; Aedes (Ochlerotatus) scapularis Rondani, 1848; Psorophora (Janthinosoma) ferox Von Humboldt, 1819; and Aedes (Ochlerotatus) serratus Theobald, 1901. Limatus durhamii, Limatus durhamii, Psorophora ferox, Aedes scapularis and Aedes serratus showed significant differences (p<0.05) in their habitat use. Limatus durhamii was found more often in the canopy, unlike the other species. During the rainy season, the most abundant species were Sa. albiprivus, Haemagogus leucocelaenus and Limatus durhamii. During the dry season, the potential YF vectors exhibited a very low frequency and abundance, except Aedes scapularis and Aedes serratus. No flavivirus was detected in the 2,677 examined mosquitoes. CONCLUSIONS We recommend continued and systematic entomological monitoring in areas vulnerable to the transmission of YF in the Federal District of Brazil.
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Medeiros AS, Marcondes CB, De Azevedo PRM, Jerônimo SMB, e Silva VPM, Ximenes MDFFDM. Seasonal variation of potential flavivirus vectors in an urban biological reserve in northeastern Brazil. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2009; 46:1450-1457. [PMID: 19960696 DOI: 10.1603/033.046.0630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Although yellow fever (YF) has not been reported on the eastern coast of Brazil since 1942, there was a reemergence of dengue fever in Brazil in 1987 due to the reintroduction of Aedes aegypti (L.). To assess areas of potential risk for transmission of vector-borne diseases, a surveillance system was placed in a large Atlantic Forest reserve in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, where in 2004 unexplained epizootics were reported among marmosets. The etiologic agent causing the mortality in marmosets has not been identified. Wyeomyia bourrouli Lutz, Haemagogus leucocelaenus Dyar & Shannon, Ae. aegypti, Aedes albopictus (Skuse), Ochlerotatus scapularis Rondani, Ochlerotatus serratus Theobald, Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus Wiedemann, Culex quinquefasciatus Say, and Limatus durhami Theobald were collected in the park and in the proximity of the households adjacent to the park. Seasonal abundance fluctuation was significant for Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Ochlerotatus scapularis (Rondani), and Hg. leucocelaenus. Eggs of Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Hg. leucocelaenus were more frequently found at the conclusion of the rainy season. A significant negative correlation between the number ofAe. albopictus collected and temperature was observed (r = -0.50), i.e., for each 10C increase in temperature, the number of specimens collected decreased eight-fold. The findings reported herein reinforce the need for a sustainable arboviral surveillance program in this area to decrease the potential risk of emergence of vector borne diseases as YF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlinete S Medeiros
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59072-970, Brazil
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10
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de Almeida PS, Ferreira AD, Pereira VL, Fernandes MG, Fernandes WD. [Spatial distribution of Aedes albopictus in the southern area of Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil]. Rev Saude Publica 2007; 40:1094-100. [PMID: 17173168 DOI: 10.1590/s0034-89102006000700019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2005] [Accepted: 07/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the spatial distribution of Aedes albopictus population to provide input for developing sampling plans and supporting decision making on the control of this vector in field sampling. METHODS A study was carried out in an urban area that has a vestige of primary vegetation, 20 km away from Dourados, Midwestern Brazil. Ten samplings were conducted between January 28, 2003 and April 9, 2003, using ovitraps which were monitored once a week, and distributed in a fixed sample area with 10 collection points for each sampling 300 m away from each other. Aggregation indexes were calculated and adjusted to the following theoretical frequency distribution: negative binomial, positive binomial and Poisson's. RESULTS The sample variance was higher than the sampling mean, resulting in mean-variance indexes above the unit (32.066, 29.410, 14.444, 58.840, 56.042, 111.262, 70.140, 50.701, 93.221 and 8.481). Morisita's index was also statistically above the unit in all samplings (6.275, 3.947, 1.484, 3.725, 3.014, 5.450, 3.214, 3.886, 3.954 and 5.810), and K parameter ranged 0 and 8 (0.174, 0.309, 1.867, 0.332, 0.449, 0.203, 0.408, 0.314, 0.306 and 0.200). The Chi-square test for adjustment to the negative binomial distribution, positive binomial distribution, and Poisson's distribution was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Ae. albopictus population in the studied municipality showed an aggregated standard spatial distribution. This means that when individual vectors are found in a certain site, it is likely that other vectors can be found in the proximities, recommending insecticide spraying for vector control in this site without requiring sampling other sites in this same locality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Silva de Almeida
- Laboratório Regional de Entomologia, Núcleo Regional de Saúde, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, MS, Brasil.
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11
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de Freitas CM, de Oliveira SG, Schütz GE, Freitas MB, Camponovo MPG. Ecosystem approaches and health in Latin America. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2007; 23:283-96. [PMID: 17221077 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-311x2007000200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2005] [Accepted: 04/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Important environmental changes that have become increasingly pronounced in the last two centuries and that are seriously affecting human health require the development of integrated and participatory scientific approaches that can result in proposals for institutional and public policy changes. The purpose of this article is to offer some elements that can contribute to a line of reflection based on studies with ecosystem approaches in the Latin America context. The authors begin with a brief description of current scientific literature in public health that links ecosystems and human health in Latin America; next, they describe and compare the two prevailing trends that form the basis for the theoretical and methodological debates on ecosystem approaches; they also review the empirical research in Latin America or concerning Latin American countries in which an ecosystem approach has been adopted. The results point to limited scientific output on the interface between ecosystems and human health; aspects involving public participation and implementation of institutional changes and public policies are still in a rather incipient stage.
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Derraik JGB. A scenario for invasion and dispersal of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in New Zealand. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2006; 43:1-8. [PMID: 16506441 DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/43.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
To date, there has been no confirmed, indigenously acquired case of arthropod-borne viral disease in New Zealand, but this may change in the near future due to the presence of exotic vectors and regular influx of infected humans. The risk of a disease outbreak may be aggravated if other exotic mosquito vectors become established, in particular Aedes albopictus (Skuse), a species that has already been intercepted several times in New Zealand. In this study, the possible means of invasion and dispersal of Ae. albopictus in northern New Zealand are discussed, along with the factors that should facilitate its establishment in the event it evades border controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- José G B Derraik
- Ecology and Health Research Centre, Department of Public Health, Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand
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Derraik JGB. Exotic mosquitoes in New Zealand: a review of species intercepted, their pathways and ports of entry. Aust N Z J Public Health 2005; 28:433-44. [PMID: 15707185 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.2004.tb00025.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A review was carried out to identify the exotic mosquito species intercepted in New Zealand to 2004, together with their origins, pathways and ports of entry into the country. A total of 171 interceptions have been recorded since 1929. There was little or no taxonomic information available for many, but at least 27 exotic species not yet established in New Zealand have been intercepted, including important disease vectors such as Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti and Culex annulirostris. Of 152 interception records with a described origin, 100 (66%) have originated from the South Pacific, 42 (28%) from Australia alone, while Japan was the likely source for 22 (15%) interceptions and has become the main source of exotic mosquitoes since the 1990s. Aircraft have clearly been the main vessel for invading mosquitoes with 94 (62%) of 151 cases with a described entrance pathway, but that pattern has changed greatly in the past 15 years, with 51 (82%) of 62 interceptions occurring on ships. Auckland, New Zealand's largest city, has been the main port of entry for invaders (75/93; 81%). The data indicate that it is somewhat fortunate that New Zealand has only four exotic mosquito species established. It is necessary, therefore, to adopt comprehensive exotic species monitoring and border surveillance, with particular emphasis on incoming ships and their cargo, in order to stop further mosquito invasions that could potentially lead to future outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- José G B Derraik
- Ecology and Health Research Centre, Department of Public Health, Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, New Zealand.
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Derraik JGB. Exotic mosquitoes in New Zealand: a review of species intercepted, their pathways and ports of entry. Aust N Z J Public Health 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.2004.tb00942.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Schweigmann N, Vezzani D, Orellano P, Kuruc J, Boffi R. Aedes albopictus in an area of Misiones, Argentina. Rev Saude Publica 2004; 38:136-8. [PMID: 14963554 DOI: 10.1590/s0034-89102004000100020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Until early 1998 the presence of Aedes albopictus had never been detected in Argentina. During April of the same year, few individuals of this species were recorded in 33 breeding sites found in 25 out of 161 inspected houses in the city of Eldorado, Province of Misiones. The homogeneous spatial distribution of the proliferation foci suggests the existence of a generalized infestation in this locality during the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Schweigmann
- Unidad de Ecología de Reservorios y Vectores de Parásitos, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Johnson BW, Chambers TV, Crabtree MB, Filippis AMB, Vilarinhos PTR, Resende MC, Macoris MDLG, Miller BR. Vector competence of Brazilian Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus for a Brazilian yellow fever virus isolate. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2002; 96:611-3. [PMID: 12625133 DOI: 10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90326-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Because the potential urban yellow fever (YF) mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are at historical highs in Brazil, both in terms of density and geographical range, we assessed the risk of an urban YF epidemic in Brazil. We evaluated and confirmed in a laboratory setting the vector competence of Brazilian Ae. aegypti for a currently circulating strain of YF virus, and investigated the potential for Brazilian Ae. albopictus to transmit YF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara W Johnson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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