1
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Oskoei P, Marçal R, Oliveira H, Guilherme S. Hitting two targets with one shot on pesticide genotoxicity assessment - Identifying risk while unveiling ex vivo approach as a throughput tool in gill-breathing animals. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134948. [PMID: 38968824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides in the environment often compromise the ecosystem, thus requiring reliable approaches to assess their effects. Commonly used approaches, such as in vivo, come with several disadvantages, namely in the light of the 3 R's policy. Seeking for accurate and ethical approaches, this study intended to validate the ex vivo technique as an alternative, and to assess the genotoxicity of chemically-based pesticides and a biopesticide. The ex vivo approach was applied to gill cells of Procambarus clarkii for 2, 4 and 8 h. Cell viability and DNA integrity were evaluated to determine the applicability of this approach. Crayfish gill cells only showed to be suitable for exposures of 2 h. Accordingly, genotoxicity was evaluated in gill cells exposed, for 2 h, to environmentally relevant concentrations of the chemically-based pesticides dimethoate (20 µg L-1), imazalil (160 µg L-1) and penoxsulam (23 µg L-1), as well as to the bioinsecticide Turex® (25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 µg L-1). Every chemically-based pesticide demonstrated to be genotoxic, despite not inducing oxidative DNA damage. On the other hand, Turex® showed no genotoxic effects. Overall, the ex vivo approach demonstrated to be possible and practical to implement, improving the number of outcomes with a lower number of organisms. The findings from the screening test suggest that biological pesticides may pose a lower risk to non-target organisms compared to chemically-based pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Párástu Oskoei
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Marçal
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena Oliveira
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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2
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Xavier J, Jose J, Reddy J, KA P. Histopathological and Toxicological Studies on Zebra Fish Using White-Fruited and Green-Fruited Varieties of Momordica charantia. SCIENTIFICA 2024; 2024:4689625. [PMID: 38938544 PMCID: PMC11208792 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4689625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Momordica charantia is well known for its medicinal properties. It has exhibited various pharmacological activities, such as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. Although this plant is used worldwide as a vegetable and medicinal ingredient in herbal medicines, its toxicity studies have not been conducted to date. This study attempts to understand its toxicity. The present study examined the activity of two enzymes, acetylcholinesterase and succinate dehydrogenase, as well as histopathological variations in the liver, intestine, and gills of zebrafish. The results of the acetylcholinesterase assay showed that the concentrations of 40 mg/L and 60 mg/L of the four extracts (leaf and fruit extracts of both varieties) exhibited increased enzyme activity. Interestingly, the leaves of the green fruit variety at a concentration of 60 mg/L showed the highest activity, with a value of 2.824 ± 0.0682 micromoles/min compared to the control value of 1.8347 ± 0.0046 micromoles/min. On the other hand, the succinate dehydrogenase assay revealed that the concentrations of 40 mg/L and 60 mg/L of the extracts decreased the enzyme activity. The highest inhibition was observed in the concentration of 60 mg/L of the leaves of the white-fruited variety and the green-fruited variety, with values of 1.884 ± 0.0482 micromoles/min compared to the control value of 2.747 ± 0.0046 micromoles/min. The studies on histopathological changes also demonstrated abnormalities in the brain, liver, intestine, and gills of zebrafish after the exposure to the extracts of M. charantia. The severity of the damage varied from low to high concentraions. In general, this study sheds light on the safety profile of Momordica charantia and highlights its potential toxicity in animal models. The findings suggest that more research is needed to fully understand the toxicity of this plant and its implications for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jobi Xavier
- Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Joel Jose
- Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayarama Reddy
- Department of Botany, St. Joseph's University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Paari KA
- Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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3
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Aliko V, Vasjari L, Ibrahimi E, Impellitteri F, Karaj A, Gjonaj G, Piccione G, Arfuso F, Faggio C, Istifli ES. "From shadows to shores"-quantitative analysis of CuO nanoparticle-induced apoptosis and DNA damage in fish erythrocytes: A multimodal approach combining experimental, image-based quantification, docking and molecular dynamics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167698. [PMID: 37832669 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The usage of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) has significantly expanded across industries and biomedical fields. However, the potential toxic effects on non-target organisms and humans lack comprehensive understanding due to limited research on molecular mechanisms. With this study, by combining the 96 h in vivo exposure of crucian carp fish, Carassius carassius, to sub-lethal CuO NPs doses (0.5 and 1 mg/dL) with image-based quantification, and docking and molecular dynamics approaches, we aimed to understand the mechanism of CuO NPs-induced cyto-genotoxicity in the fish erythrocytes. The results revealed that both doses of copper NPs used were toxic to erythrocytes causing oxidative stress response and serious red blood cell morphological abnormalities, and genotoxicity. Docking and 10-ns molecular dynamics confirmed favorable interactions (ΔG = -2.07 kcal mol-1) and structural stability of Band3-CuO NP complex, mainly through formation of H-bonds, implying the potential of CuO NPs to induce mitotic nuclear abnormalities in C. carassius erythrocytes via Band3 inhibition. Moreover, conventional and multiple ligand simultaneous docking with DNA revealed that single, double and triple CuO NPs bind preferentially to AT-rich regions consistently in the minor grooves of DNA. Of note, the DNA-binding strength subtantially increased (ΔG = -2.13 kcal mol-1, ΔG = -4.08 kcal mol-1, and ΔG = -6.03 kcal mol-1, respectively) with an increasing number of docked CuO NPs, suggesting that direct structural perturbation on DNA could also count for the molecular basis of in-vivo induced DNA damage in C. carassius erythrocytes. This study introduces the novel term "erythrotope" to describe comprehensive red blood cell morphological abnormalities. It proves to be a reliable and cost-effective biomarker for evaluating allostatic erythrocyte load in response to metallic nanoparticle exposure, serving as a distinctive fingerprint to assess fish erythrocyte health and physiological fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valbona Aliko
- University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Ledia Vasjari
- University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Eliana Ibrahimi
- University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Federica Impellitteri
- University of Messina, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Messina, Italy.
| | - Ambra Karaj
- University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Grejsi Gjonaj
- University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- University of Messina, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Messina, Italy.
| | - Francesca Arfuso
- University of Messina, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Messina, Italy.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- University of Messina, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Messina, Italy.
| | - Erman S Istifli
- University of Cukurova, Faculty of Science and Literature, Department of Biology, Adana, Turkey
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4
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Usman Z, Kanwal Z, Tayyeb A, Noshair I, Haider I, Ahmad N, Alomar SY. A Comparative Analysis on the Innate Immune Responses of Cirrhinus mrigala Challenged with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Fusarium oxysporum. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12392. [PMID: 37569767 PMCID: PMC10419095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbes are the most significant ubiquitous pathogens that cause serious infections in freshwater fish, leading to tremendous economic losses. The present study was designed to investigate the extent of changes in cytokine expression, hemato-biochemical parameters, and tissue histology of Cirrhinus mrigala (C. mrigala) challenged with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum). Fish were divided into three major groups: control, P. aeruginosa-challenged, and F. oxysporum-challenged. The infection in both challenge assays was allowed to progress until 7 days post infection. Upregulated expression of TNF-α and IL-1β was found in blood, gills, livers, and kidneys of the challenged fish. Significant differences were noted in hematological parameters of challenged fish. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline aminotransferase levels also showed significant differences in infected and control groups. An increase in serum albumin and globulin and a decrease in total protein were noted in infected groups as compared to the control group. Severe histological alterations were noted in gill, liver, and kidney tissues of the infected groups as compared to control. The order of histological alteration index for P. aeruginosa challenge was liver > kidney > gills, and for F. oxysporum challenge it was kidney > liver > gills. These changes in fish infected by P. aeruginosa and F. oxysporum can be used as an effective and subtle index to monitor the physiological and pathological conditions of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaeema Usman
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (Z.U.); (I.N.)
| | - Zakia Kanwal
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (Z.U.); (I.N.)
| | - Asima Tayyeb
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Iqra Noshair
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (Z.U.); (I.N.)
| | - Imran Haider
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1012 Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Naushad Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Suliman Yousef Alomar
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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5
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Naz S, Hussain R, Guangbin Z, Chatha AMM, Rehman ZU, Jahan S, Liaquat M, Khan A. Copper sulfate induces clinico-hematological, oxidative stress, serum biochemical and histopathological changes in freshwater fish rohu ( Labeo rohita). Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1142042. [PMID: 36968466 PMCID: PMC10034017 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1142042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being an essential trace element for numerous metabolic processes and micronutrients, copper (Cu) has induced adverse effects on the environment and public health due to its continuous and widespread use for the last several decades. The current study assessed the hematological and histopathological alterations in the freshwater fish (Labeo rohita) exposed to graded concentrations of copper sulfate. For this purpose, L. rohita fish (n = 72), weighing ~200-215 g, were randomly divided into four experimental groups and then exposed to acute doses of CuSO4, i.e., control, 0.28, 0.42, and 0.56 μgL-1. For comparative analysis of hematological and biochemical changes, blood/serum samples were obtained on 12, 24, and 36 days. Overall, the body weight of fish decreased with the time and dose of CuSO4; as the dose increases, body weight decreases. Dose and time-dependent results were observed in other parameters also. Results showed a significant increase in leukocytes, whereas red blood cells count, Hb, and Hct were significantly reduced in treated groups compared to the control. The mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MHC) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) showed a non-significant decrease in treated groups compared to the control group. Serum biochemical parameters, including total proteins, albumin, and globulin, decreased significantly (p < 0.05). At the same time, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose, and cholesterol were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the treated groups compared to the control group. Significantly (p < 0.05) increased levels of lipid peroxidation while decreased values of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (RGSH) in the blood of fish were recorded. Histopathological examination of fish gills, liver, and kidneys showed inflammation and degenerative changes due to CuSO4 exposure. In the brain tissue, degenerative changes like neuron necrosis, intracellular edema, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and congestion were observed. In conclusion, the study indicates that exposure to copper sulfate, even in smaller concentrations, can cause adverse hematological and histopathological changes in L. rohita fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Naz
- Department of Zoology, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Zhang Guangbin
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, China
| | - Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Zia Ur Rehman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Shfaq Jahan
- Department of Zoology, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Momil Liaquat
- Department of Zoology, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ahrar Khan
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, China
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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6
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Mahjoubian M, Naeemi AS, Moradi-Shoeili Z, Tyler CR, Mansouri B. Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in the Presence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Differs for Acute and Chronic Exposures in Zebrafish. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 84:1-17. [PMID: 36333621 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-022-00965-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the acute toxicity effects (96 h) of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and chronic (28 d) exposure to Ag NPs, including in combination with ZnO NPs. In the chronic studies, we further assessed the toxicokinetics and bioaccumulation of Ag and the resulting histopathological effects in the gill, intestine, and liver of zebrafish. Co-exposures with ZnO NPs reduced the toxicity of Ag NPs for acute (lethality) but enhanced the toxicity effects (tissue histopathology) for chronic exposures. The histological lesions for both NPs exposures in the gill included necrosis and fusion of lamellae, for the intestine necrosis and degeneration, and in the liver, mainly necrosis. The severity of the histological lesions induced by the Ag NPs was related to the amount of accumulated Ag in the zebrafish organs. The Ag accumulation in different organs was higher in the presence of ZnO NPs in the order of the gill > intestine > liver. Depuration kinetics illustrated the lowest half-life for Ag occurred in the gill and for the combined exposure of Ag with ZnO NPs. Our findings illustrate that in addition to tissue, time, and exposure concentration dependencies, the Ag NPs toxicity can also be influenced by the co-exposure to other NPs (here ZnO NPs), emphasizing the need for more combination exposure effects studies for NPs to more fully understand their potential environmental health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mahjoubian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Akram Sadat Naeemi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | | | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, Devon, UK
| | - Borhan Mansouri
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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7
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Kirthi AV, Kumar G, Pant G, Pant M, Hossain K, Ahmad A, Alshammari MB. Toxicity of Nanoscaled Zero-Valent Iron Particles on Tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:47869-47879. [PMID: 36591132 PMCID: PMC9798762 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This research effort aims to evaluate the hazardous potential of the redox state (OH-) of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) and its histopathological and oxidative stress toward Mozambique tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) validated the nZVI nanoparticles' chemical composition, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that their physical form is round and oval. The exposure to 10 g/mL of nZVI induced the activation of the cellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Dose-dependent testing of O. mossambicus had a reduction in SOD and an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, suggesting that nZVI caused oxidative damage. At a concentration of 100 g/mL, the catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities of diverse tissues exhibited a gradual decrease after 2 days of exposure and a fast increase until day 6. The scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the epidermis, liver, and gills of O. mossambicus deteriorated and accumulated gradually. MDA levels in the skin, gill, and liver tissues were substantially higher after 8 days of exposure to 100 and 200 g/mL nZVI compared to those of the control group and those exposed to 10 and 50 g/mL nZVI for 2 days. Extreme histological and morphological abnormalities were seen in the skin, gill, and liver tissues of experimental animals, demonstrating that the damage resulted from direct contact with nZVI in water. A one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post-test was performed to investigate significant differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arivarasan Vishnu Kirthi
- Department
of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Department
of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Gaurav Pant
- Department
of Life Sciences, Graphic Era (Deemed to
be University), Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manu Pant
- Department
of Life Sciences, Graphic Era (Deemed to
be University), Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kaizar Hossain
- Department
of Environmental Science, Asutosh College, University of Calcutta, 92, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rd, Bhowanipore, Kolkata 700026, West
Bengal, India
| | - Akil Ahmad
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed B. Alshammari
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Wang H, Qi S, Mu X, Yuan L, Li Y, Qiu J. Bisphenol F induces liver-gut alteration in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:157974. [PMID: 35963407 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The unease of consumers with bisphenol A has led to the increased industrial usage of bisphenol F (BPF), which is a new hazard to environmental health. Here, zebrafish were exposed to three BPF concentrations (0.5, 5, and 50 μg/L) from the embryonic stage for 180 days. Results showed that zebrafish body length and weight decreased and hepatosomatic index values increased, even at environmentally relevant concentration. Histological analysis identified the occurrence of hepatic fibrosis and steatosis in 5 and 50 μg/L groups, which indicated the liver injury caused by BPF. Based on the untargeted metabolomics results, a dose-dependent variation in the effects of BPF on liver metabolism was found, and amino acids, purines and one carbon metabolism were the main affected processes in the 0.5, 5, and 50 μg/L treatments, respectively. At the same time, BPF induced a shift in intestinal microbiome composition, including decreased abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae, Rhodobacteraceae and Gemmobacter. In addition, the correlation analysis suggested an association between gut microbiome changes and affected hepatic metabolites after BPF exposure. These findings indicate that a liver-gut alteration is induced by long-term BPF exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Suzhen Qi
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiyan Mu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Lilai Yuan
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingren Li
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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9
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Ahmed SAA, Ibrahim RE, Elshopakey GE, Khamis T, Abdel-Ghany HM, Abdelwarith AA, Younis EM, Davies SJ, Elabd H, Elhady M. Immune-antioxidant trait, growth, splenic cytokines expression, apoptosis, and histopathological alterations of Oreochromis niloticus exposed to sub-lethal copper toxicity and fed thyme and/or basil essential oils enriched diets. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:1006-1018. [PMID: 36379445 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted in this study, using 250 Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) (average weight 30.28 ± 0.27 g). The first experiment was conducted to investigate the 96-h lethal concentration 50 (LC50) of copper chloride (CuCl2) using the probit analysis, seventy fish was divided into seven different concentration of CuCl2 (0, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27 mg/L), the accurate Cu concentrations were (1.23, 5.36, 6.02, 6.98, 7.05, 7.93, 8.12 mg/L Cu). The second experiment was conducted for investigating the effect of dietary supplementation with thyme (Thymus vulgaris, T. vulgaris) and sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum, O. basilicum) essential oils (TEO and BEO respectively) against sub-lethal Cu exposure (1/10 96-h LC50 of CuCl2). About 180 fish was divided into six groups in triplicate (10 fish/replicate, 30 fish/group). Group 1 (C) was kept as a control group with no Cu exposure and was fed the control basal diet. Group 2 (C-Cu) was fed the control basal diet and simultaneously exposed to 1/10 of the 96 h LC50 of CuCl2 (2.574 mg/L) as a sub-lethal concentration of Cu, where the realistic Cu concentration was 3.976 mg/L. Group 3 (TEO) and group 4 (BEO) were fed the diets fortified with 1%TEO and BEO, respectively without exposure to Cu. Group 5 (TEO-Cu) and group 6 (BEO-Cu) were fed the diets fortified with 1%TEO and 1%BEO, respectively, and simultaneously exposed to 1/10 of the 96 h LC50 of CuCl2 (2.574 mg/L). The growth and behavioral performance, immunological response and its related gene expression, antioxidant status, stress biomarker indicators, apoptosis biomarkers, and histopathological alteration were investigated. The results of the first experiment showed that the 96-h LC50 of CuCl2 in O. niloticus was 25.740 mg/L with lower and upper confidence limits of 25.152 and 26.356 mg/L, respectively. The results of the second experiment showed that sub-lethal Cu exposure induced growth retardation (lowered final body weight, total weight gain, and specific growth rate %), behavioral abnormalities (slower swimming activity and feeding performance), immunosuppression (lowered nitric oxide, complement-3, lysozyme, total proteins, albumin, and globulin), and lowering the hepatic antioxidant functions (higher MDA, and lower SOD, CAT, and GPx) in the exposed fish. Furthermore, alteration in the immune-related genes expression (down-regulation of IL-10 and TGF-β and up-regulation of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TRL-4), hepato-renal dysfunction (elevated ALT, AST, urea, and creatinine), and high levels of serum stress indicators (cortisol and glucose) were markedly evident. sub-lethal Cu toxicity induced significant up-regulation of apoptosis biomarkers involving, nuclear factor-κβ (NF-κβ), Bcl-2 Associated X-protein (BAX), meanwhile, the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was remarkably down-regulated. In addition, apoptosis was also evident by histopathological investigation of branchial, hepatic, and renal sections. TEO and/or BEO dietary supplementation mitigate the destructive impacts of sub-lethal Cu exposure in O. niloticus, depending on the results of our study, it could be concluded that TEO and BEO with a 1% dietary level could be a promising antioxidant, immunostimulant, anti-stress factors, and anti-apoptosis mediators against heavy metal contaminants (Cu) in O. niloticus, providing a solution to the problem of aquatic bodies pollution, consequently aiding in the development of aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa A A Ahmed
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Rowida E Ibrahim
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Gehad E Elshopakey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Heba M Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Abdelwahab A Abdelwarith
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saudi University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed M Younis
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saudi University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simon J Davies
- School of Science and Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Hiam Elabd
- Department of Aquatic Animals Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elhady
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
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10
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El-Garawani IM, Khallaf EA, Alne-na-ei AA, Elgendy RG, Sobhy HM, Khairallah A, Hathout HMR, Malhat F, Nofal AE. The Effect of Neonicotinoids Exposure on Oreochromis niloticus Histopathological Alterations and Genotoxicity. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 109:1001-1009. [PMID: 36117203 PMCID: PMC9684291 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the side effects of selected neonicotinoids (Acetamiprid, Aceta, and Imidacloprid, Imid) on Oreochromis niloticus juveniles. The acute toxicity, Probit method, revealed an LC50 of 195.81 and 150.76 ppm for Aceta/96 h and Imid/72 h respectively. The fish were divided into three groups that were exposed, for 21 days (n = 5/replicate), to 1/10 of the LC50 of either neonicotinoids, however, the third was an unexposed control group. Results of erythrocytic micronucleus (MN), and nuclear abnormalities (NA) showed that Aceta and Imid exposure caused a significant (p < 0.05) increase in MN by ~ 2.2 and ~ 10 folds, respectively relative to control. NAs occurred at the order of kidney-shaped > budding > binucleated in Aceta, however, budding > binucleated > kidney-shaped was noticed in the Imid group. Histopathological changes in gills, liver, and muscles were observed significantly in both exposed groups with more severity in the Imid group. Collectively, Aceta and Imid have potential genotoxicity and histopathological alterations in O. niloticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam M. El-Garawani
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32511 Menoufia Egypt
| | - Elsayed A. Khallaf
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32511 Menoufia Egypt
| | - Alaa A. Alne-na-ei
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32511 Menoufia Egypt
| | - Rehab G. Elgendy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32511 Menoufia Egypt
| | - Hassan M. Sobhy
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of African Postgraduate Studies, Cairo University, Giza, 12613 Egypt
| | - Adel Khairallah
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32511 Menoufia Egypt
| | - Heba M. R. Hathout
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of African Postgraduate Studies, Cairo University, Giza, 12613 Egypt
| | - Farag Malhat
- Department of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12618 Egypt
| | - Amany E. Nofal
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32511 Menoufia Egypt
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11
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Apiamu A, Osawaru SU, Asagba SO, Evuen UF, Achuba FI. Exposure of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) to Lead and Zinc Modulates Membrane-Bound Transport Protein: A Plausible Effect on Na +/K +-ATPase Activity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4160-4170. [PMID: 34791624 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The contamination of the aquatic ecosystem beyond tolerable limits may pose serious health challenges to its components. This study evaluated the toxic effects of a binary mixture of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) compounds on the activity of Na+/K+-ATPase in tissues of Clarias gariepinus in a controlled aquatic system. The study employed Box-Behnken Design (BBD) with 17 runs in which Pb and Zn concentrations were considered process variables in a time-dependent fashion. Metal exposure levels consisted of 0, 10 and 20% of 96 h-LC50 of Pb (55.12 mg/L) and Zn (32.15 mg/L) for three weeks. Thereafter, membrane-bound Na+/K+-ATPase activity was assessed in gill, hepatic and renal tissues, and data generated from the BBD were used for the development of models. Three regression models were obtained, for gill, hepatic and renal Na+/K+-ATPase activities with exposure to metals differ significantly (p < 0.05) at R2 > 90%, and no significant lack of fit (p > 0.05) was observed in each case. Congruent to the synergistic interactions observed between Pb and Zn in the study, the gill and hepatic Na+/K+-ATPase activities were significantly inhibited, whereas renal Na+/K+-ATPase activity was significantly stimulated (p < 0.05). The optimized models were considered reliable, as they were confirmed in the laboratory through accurate prediction of hepatic, renal and gill Na+/K+-ATPase activities with equivalences of 1.22 ± 0.17, 1.66 ± 0.07 and 3.50 ± 0.33 µmol pi/min/mg protein (p < 0.05) respectively. It is hereby concluded that the synergistic interaction between Pb and Zn truncated the physiological function of Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the respective tissues except for renal tissue of exposed C. gariepinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustine Apiamu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria.
| | - Sophia U Osawaru
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Western Delta University, P.M.B. 10, Oghara, Nigeria
| | - Samuel O Asagba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Uduenevwo F Evuen
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Western Delta University, P.M.B. 10, Oghara, Nigeria
| | - Fidelis I Achuba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria
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12
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Garnero PL, Ballesteros ML, Monferran MV, Rivetti NG, Bistoni MA. Multi-biomarker Assessment in a Native Species Psalidodon eigenmanniorum Under Inorganic Mercury and Recovery Scenarios. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 83:142-154. [PMID: 35934735 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-022-00946-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The increasing contamination of water bodies with mercury raises concerns about its possible effects on aquatic organisms. The combined use of several biomarkers allows researchers to study the impact of a chemical at different levels of biological organization. In the present work, we determined the response of histological (gills and liver), somatic (condition factor and hepato-somatic index), and behavioral (predator-prey relationship, through the presentation of a computer-animated image) biomarkers in the native species Psalidodon eigenmanniorum exposed to 100 µg L-1 of inorganic Hg (IHg) during 96 h. We also assessed whether there was a change in the biomarkers analyzed after 7 days in Hg-free water compared with those exposed to IHg. In exposed fish, IHg caused damage to the gills and liver tissues. The condition factor showed no difference between IHg-exposed organisms and control organisms, while the hepato-somatic index was lower in IHg-exposed fish. As for the behavioral analyses, it was observed that the presentation of a stimulus induced changes in the behavioral responses of fish exposed to IHg, which showed a heightened state of alertness with respect to control. On the other hand, after 7 days in Hg-free water, the organisms generally showed no changes in biomarkers compared with IHg-exposed fish. Our results contribute new data on IHg toxicity in a native species and provide information on the plasticity of damage to reverse itself. Furthermore, this work provides baseline information for environmental assessments in water bodies where mercury is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola L Garnero
- Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - María L Ballesteros
- Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Magdalena V Monferran
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Natalia G Rivetti
- Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María A Bistoni
- Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
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13
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Habotta OA, Elbahnaswy S, Ibrahim I. Neurotoxicity of singular and combined exposure of Oreochromis niloticus to methomyl and copper sulphate at environmentally relevant levels: Assessment of neurotransmitters, neural stress, oxidative injury and histopathological changes. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 94:103935. [PMID: 35882308 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms are concomitantly exposed to multiple noxious chemicals that can be discharged into water bodies. We aimed to investigate the single and simultaneous sub-acute exposure to copper and methomyl on juvenile Oreochromis niloticus. Compared to the controls, the outcomes revealed that brain of methomyl-exposed fish displayed significant declines in the activities of SOD, CAT, and GST in addition to higher MDA and lower GSH levels. Methomyl induced notable declines in levels of GABA and acetylcholine esterase in brain and muscle of exposed fish. Noteworthy downregulated gene expression levels of TNF-α, HSP-70 together with upregulated c-fos were evident in brain of fish expose to either of tested compounds. Marked apoptotic changes were observed in fish brain exposed to copper and methomyl indicated by augmented immune expression of caspase-3. Conclusively, the results indicated the possible interaction between both compounds with subsequent toxic effects that differ from their single exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola A Habotta
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Samia Elbahnaswy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Iman Ibrahim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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14
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Shahjahan M, Taslima K, Rahman MS, Al-Emran M, Alam SI, Faggio C. Effects of heavy metals on fish physiology - A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134519. [PMID: 35398071 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The pollution by heavy metals poses a serious threat to the aquatic environment and to the organisms if the concentration of heavy metals in the environment exceeds the safe limits. Due to their non-biodegradable and long persistence nature in the environment, heavy metals cause toxicity in fish by producing oxygen reactive species through oxidizing radical production. In this review, we investigated the effects of heavy metals on fish physiology with special emphasis on hemato-biochemical properties, immunological parameters especially hormones and enzymes, histopathology of different major organs and underlying molecular mechanisms. All those parameters are significantly affected by heavy metal exposure and are found to be important bio-monitoring tools to assess heavy metal toxicity. Hematological and biochemical alterations have been documented including cellular and nuclear abnormalities in different fish species exposed to different concentrations of heavy metals. Major fish organs (gills, liver, kidneys) including intestine, muscles showed different types of pathology specific to organs in acute and chronic exposure to different heavy metals. This study also revealed the expression of different genes involved in oxidative stress and detoxification of heavy metals. In a nutshell, this article shades light on the manipulation of fish physiology by the heavy metals and sought attention in the prevention and maintenance of aquatic environments particularly from heavy metals contaminations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahjahan
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
| | - Khanam Taslima
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Shadiqur Rahman
- Bangamata Sheikh Fojilatunnesa Mujib Science and Technology University, Melandah, Jamalpur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Al-Emran
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Shanon Iffat Alam
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, S.Agata-Messina, Italy
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15
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Ogungbile PO, Ajibare AO, Ayeku PO, Akande JA. Ecological risks and bio‐tolerance of
Oreochromis niloticus
to selected heavy metals in a tropical reservoir. Afr J Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter O. Ogungbile
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology Lead City University Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Adefemi O. Ajibare
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology Olusegun Agagu University of Science and Technology Okitipupa Nigeria
| | - Patrick O. Ayeku
- Department of Biological Sciences Federal University Gusau Gusau Nigeria
| | - John A. Akande
- Environmental Management and Control Unit College of Agriculture Engineering and Science Bowen University Iwo Nigeria
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16
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Hedayati SA, Sheikh Veisi R, Hosseini Shekarabi SP, Shahbazi Naserabad S, Bagheri D, Ghafarifarsani H. Effect of Dietary Lactobacillus casei on Physiometabolic Responses and Liver Histopathology in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) After Exposure to Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3346-3354. [PMID: 34458957 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02906-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A 60-day feeding trial was performed to assess the dietary effect of Lactobacillus casei as a probiotic supplement on some serum biochemical parameters and liver histopathology in common carp fry after exposure to iron oxide nanoparticles (IoNPs). Six treatments were prepared as follows: control (no IoNP exposure and no dietary probiotic), P6: 106 CFU/g probiotic diet, P7: 107 CFU/g probiotic diet, NPs: 0.15 mg/l IoNPs, NPs + P6: 0.15 mg/l IoNPs with 106 CFU/g probiotic diet, and NPs + P7: 0.15 mg/l IoNPs with 107 CFU/gprobiotic diet. Based on the results, serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were significantly increased in 0.15 mg/l IoNPs, P7, and NPs + P6 treatments compared to the control group. In addition, the examination of antioxidant enzymes showed a significant increase in the levels of cortisol and glutathione S-transferase as well as malondialdehyde level. IoNPs also caused significant histopathological changes in the fish liver during the experiment such as hyperemia in sinusoidal spaces, hepatocytes vacuolation and necrosis, pyknosis, and disruption of hepatic lobules and atrophy. Results revealed the protective effects of dietary L. casei to mitigate the adverse impacts of IoNPs on the physiological processes of common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Aliakbar Hedayati
- Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Sheikh Veisi
- Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | | | - Dara Bagheri
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Hamed Ghafarifarsani
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
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17
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Bencheikh Z, Refes W, Brito PM, Prodocimo MM, Gusso-Choueri PK, Choueri RB, de Oliveira Ribeiro CA. Chemical pollution impairs the health of fish species and fishery activities along the Algeria coastline, Mediterranean Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:497. [PMID: 35695983 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10059-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to multiple pollutants affects aquatic organisms, even at low concentrations, and can impair fishery activities along marine coastlines. The bioavailability of toxic metals and the presence of metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in both water and sediment can explain the worst-case scenario of fish health and fishery production decline along the Algeria coastline. The hepatosomatic index (HIS), gonadosomatic index (GSI), and condition factor (K) in the studied species from the Algiers, Bou Ismail, and Zemmouri bays are the first indicators of the poor environmental health along the studied region. These findings could be explained by the bioavailability of Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Hg, and Ni and the detection of PAHs in the water and sediment of these bays. Additionally, histopathological damage in the liver is described in sardine (Sardina pilchardus), anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), and sardinelle (Sardinella aurita) highlights the current study in the investigation of the risk of exposure to biota or human populations. The occurrence of permanent lesions in the livers of fish impairs organ function and increases the incidence of diseases affecting the fish community. Furthermore, the factor analysis with principal component analysis (FA/PCA) dataset explains the physiological disturbances described in all studied species. These findings revealed that Zemmouri bay is the most affected by chemicals, suggesting that S. pilchardus is the most sensitive species. Finally, the results showed that the bioavailability of chemicals present in the studied bays confirms poor water quality, which can explain the decrease in fishery production along the Algerian Coastline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zina Bencheikh
- Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes Marin et Littoraux, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Des Sciences de La Mer Et de L'Aménagement du Littoral (ENSSMAL), BP, 19, Campus Universitaire de Dely Ibrahim, Bois des Cars, Alger, Algeria
| | - Wahid Refes
- Laboratoire des Ecosystèmes Marin et Littoraux, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Des Sciences de La Mer Et de L'Aménagement du Littoral (ENSSMAL), BP, 19, Campus Universitaire de Dely Ibrahim, Bois des Cars, Alger, Algeria
| | - Patricia Manuitt Brito
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Maritana Mela Prodocimo
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Paloma Kachel Gusso-Choueri
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia - Unisanta, Universidade Santa Cecília, R. Oswaldo Cruz, 277 - CP 11045-907 - Boqueirão, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Brasil Choueri
- Departamento de Ciências Do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista. Rua Maria Máximo, 168 - Ponta da Praia - Santos, CEP: 11030-100, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Brazil.
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18
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Korkmaz C, Ay Ö, Dönmez AE, Demirbağ B, Erdem C. Effects of Lead on Reproduction Physiology and Liver and Gonad Histology of Male Cyprinus carpio. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 108:685-693. [PMID: 35039884 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03426-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sera 17β-estradiol (E2), 11-ketotesteron (11-KT) and 17,20-β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20βP) levels and hepatosomatic-gonadosomatic indexes (HSI-GSI) were determined after exposing male C. carpio to 0.13 and 0.26 mg L-1 lead after 7, 14 and 21 days. Histological changes in liver and gonad tissues of male C. carpio were also determined. Sera E2, 11-KT and 17,20βP levels of male fish although showed differences from the control fish, these differences were not statistically significant. This was also true for the HSI values, the GSI values however, decreased on day 7 under the effect of 0.26 mg L-1 Pb. Dilatation in bile duct and sinusoids and lymphocyte infiltration were observed under histopathological examination. Low intensities of fibrosis were detected in testis tissues. Exposure to low concentrations of Pb did not cause endocrine disrupting and extensive histopathologic effects in C. carpio at the exposure periods tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Korkmaz
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Mersin University, 33169, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Özcan Ay
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Mersin University, 33169, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Erdem Dönmez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Mersin University, 33169, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Burcu Demirbağ
- Advanced Technology Education, Research and Application Center, Mersin University, 33110, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Cahit Erdem
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Letters, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
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19
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Bevitório LZ, da Silva NG, Pirovani JCM, Marques JA, Vieira CED, Zebral YD, Damasceno EM, Lopes LLR, de Sant'Ana LP, Marube LC, da Costa SR, Martins CDMG, Sandrini JZ, Souza MM, Bianchini A, do Vale-Oliveira M. Impacts of tailings of Fundão dam (Brazil) rupture on marine fish: Metals bioaccumulation and physiological responses. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 177:113511. [PMID: 35303634 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the impacts of the mining tailings after the rupture of the Fundão dam on fish communities on the Atlantic Ocean southeast coast. Four sample collections were carried out over two years (2018-2020), in seasonal periods. Omnivorous/herbivorous and carnivorous fish were collected for analysis of metal bioaccumulation, multibiomarkers of environmental contamination and histopathology. Metal bioaccumulation was stronger correlated in carnivorous fish in the dry-2018 collection, besides higher activity of antioxidant enzymes, energy metabolism and higher morphological damage; however, there was less oxidative damage and less metallothioneins induction, and these variables were strongly associated with the wet-2020 collection. In a temporal view, it was possible to observe a reduction in metal levels in fish, except in the mouth of the Doce River. These events can be explained by seasonal natural events, which tend the resuspension and boost metal levels, mainly in the mouth region during the rainy season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Ziviani Bevitório
- Fundação Espírito-santense de Tecnologia-FEST, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 845, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-090, ES, Brazil
| | - Niumaique Gonçalves da Silva
- Fundação Espírito-santense de Tecnologia-FEST, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 845, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-090, ES, Brazil
| | - Juliana Castro Monteiro Pirovani
- Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo -CEUNES/UFES, Rod. Governador Mário Covas, Km 60, Litorâneo, São Mateus 29932-540, ES, Brazil
| | - Joseane Aparecida Marques
- Fundação Espírito-santense de Tecnologia-FEST, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 845, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-090, ES, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Av. Itália, s/n, Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Delfino Vieira
- Fundação Espírito-santense de Tecnologia-FEST, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 845, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-090, ES, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Av. Itália, s/n, Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Yuri Dornelles Zebral
- Fundação Espírito-santense de Tecnologia-FEST, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 845, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-090, ES, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Av. Itália, s/n, Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Medeiros Damasceno
- Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo -CEUNES/UFES, Rod. Governador Mário Covas, Km 60, Litorâneo, São Mateus 29932-540, ES, Brazil
| | - Layra Lethicia Rodrigues Lopes
- Fundação Espírito-santense de Tecnologia-FEST, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 845, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-090, ES, Brazil; Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo -CEUNES/UFES, Rod. Governador Mário Covas, Km 60, Litorâneo, São Mateus 29932-540, ES, Brazil
| | - Leandro Pirovani de Sant'Ana
- Fundação Espírito-santense de Tecnologia-FEST, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 845, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-090, ES, Brazil
| | - Liziane Cardoso Marube
- Fundação Espírito-santense de Tecnologia-FEST, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 845, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-090, ES, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Av. Itália, s/n, Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Simone Rutz da Costa
- Fundação Espírito-santense de Tecnologia-FEST, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 845, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-090, ES, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Av. Itália, s/n, Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila De Martinez Gaspar Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Av. Itália, s/n, Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Zomer Sandrini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Av. Itália, s/n, Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Marta Marques Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Av. Itália, s/n, Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Av. Itália, s/n, Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Maysa do Vale-Oliveira
- Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo -CEUNES/UFES, Rod. Governador Mário Covas, Km 60, Litorâneo, São Mateus 29932-540, ES, Brazil.
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20
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Hossain Z, Hossain MS, Ema NS, Omri A. Heavy metal toxicity in Buriganga river alters the immunology of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus L). Heliyon 2021; 7:e08285. [PMID: 34765796 PMCID: PMC8571707 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the biochemical and immunological responses of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus due to heavy metals pollution. Histomorphological alterations in the liver and kidney suggested tissue damages due to this polluted water exposure. The brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) as an indicator of neurotoxicity was significantly (P < 0.01) decreased after 10 days exposure of fish to heavy metal contained river water, while plasma glutamate oxalacetate transaminase and plasma glutamate pyruvate transaminase were significantly increased (P < 0.01). Moreover, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase enzyme activities, as well as reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased in heavy metals contained river water treated fish compared to the control. Additionally, glucose level and blood serum Ca2+ concentrations were significantly (P < 0.01) decreased in fish exposed to heavy metal contained river water compared to the control. Hematological indices such as Hemoglobin, RBC, WBC, MCV etc. of polluted river water treated fish were significantly (P < 0.01) different in comparison to that of control fish. The cytokines i.e. IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α level were significantly (P < 0.01) increased in the fish exposed to heavy metals contained river water in comparison to that of control fish. The present findings explored the detrimental effects of heavy metal contained river water on fish at biochemical and immunological levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakir Hossain
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Saddam Hossain
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Noore Safa Ema
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- The Novel Drug and Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, P3E 2C6, Ontario, Canada
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21
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Suchana SA, Ahmed MS, Islam SMM, Rahman ML, Rohani MF, Ferdusi T, Ahmmad AKS, Fatema MK, Badruzzaman M, Shahjahan M. Chromium Exposure Causes Structural Aberrations of Erythrocytes, Gills, Liver, Kidney, and Genetic Damage in Striped Catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3869-3885. [PMID: 33206307 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02490-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution due to anthropogenic activities poses a great threat to aquatic organisms. The present study was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of hexavalent chromium (potassium dichromate) on hemato-biochemical, histo-pathological, and genetical changes in striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Three sub-lethal doses (0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 mg/L) of chromium (Cr) were selected and fish were exposed in vivo contrasting with a control (0 mg/L) for 30 days. The study revealed that various hemato-biochemical parameters showed a significant decrease in hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), and blood glucose content, whereas white blood cells (WBCs) significantly increased in Cr exposed fish. Frequencies of all forms of structural abnormalities of erythrocytes (erythrocytic cellular abnormalities; ECA, erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities; ENA and erythroblasts; Ebs) were significantly increased in higher two test concentrations (1.6 and 3.2 mg/L) when compared to control. Differential leucocyte count exhibited significant increase in neutrophil and decrease in lymphocytes in the highest Cr treated group. The severity of various histo-pathological changes in the gills, liver, and kidney were increased considerably with the increase of Cr concentrations. Similarly, the amount of DNA (ng/μl) decreased significantly in blood and tissues of different vital organs where the liver showed the highest decline compared to control in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken altogether, P. hypophthalmus is susceptible to Cr and can be used as a bio-indicator to assess aquatic metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajida Akter Suchana
- Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shaker Ahmed
- Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - S M Majharul Islam
- Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Lutfar Rahman
- Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
- Department of Genetics and Fish Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Fazle Rohani
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Tanzina Ferdusi
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - A K Shakur Ahmmad
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Kaniz Fatema
- Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Badruzzaman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahjahan
- Department of Fisheries Management, Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
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22
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Ventura AS, Corrêa Filho RAC, Spica LN, Silva ACF, Araújo AMDE, Cardoso CAL, Jerônimo GT, Povh JA. Toxicological, biochemical and morphophysiological effects of Serjania erecta leaf aqueous extract on Piaractus mesopotamicus. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20190479. [PMID: 34495195 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120190479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the toxicity and biochemical and morphophysiological changes caused by Serjania erecta leaf aqueous extract in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). For acute toxicity testing (CL50-4h), pacu juveniles were exposed during 4 h to Serjania erecta aqueous extract concentrations of 2.5, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 150 µg mL-1, which were added directly to the water in the tanks. In the control group, the animals were kept in water free from aqueous extract. CL50-4 h was estimated at 57.43 µg mL-1. After exposure to the aqueous extract, the highest (P<0.05) glucose concentration and the lowest (P<0.05) plasma sodium level were when the fish were exposed to the S. erecta concentration of 50 µg mL-1. Mortality occurred at S. erecta extract levels higher than 50 μg mL-1, and all fish died at concentrations greater than 100 μg mL-1. In addition, exposure to this extract caused severe histological changes in the gills and liver with higher prevalence of necrosis (30.2%), and fatty degeneration (77.4%) respectively. At the concentrations tested here, S. erecta aqueous extract causes morphofunctional alterations in this fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene S Ventura
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (FAMEZ), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootenia, Av. Sen. Filinto Müller, 2443, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias (FCA), Rodovia Dourados/Itahum, Km 12, Unidade II, Caixa Postal 364, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Ruy A C Corrêa Filho
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (FAMEZ), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootenia, Av. Sen. Filinto Müller, 2443, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Louise N Spica
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (FAMEZ), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootenia, Av. Sen. Filinto Müller, 2443, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Ana Cremilda F Silva
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (FAMEZ), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootenia, Av. Sen. Filinto Müller, 2443, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Andrea M DE Araújo
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias (FCA), Rodovia Dourados/Itahum, Km 12, Unidade II, Caixa Postal 364, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Claudia A L Cardoso
- Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Centro de Estudos em Recursos Naturais (CERNA), Cidade Universitária de Dourados, Rodovia Itahum, Km 12, s/n, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela T Jerônimo
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Av. Rodrigo Otávio, 6200, 69080-900 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Jayme A Povh
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (FAMEZ), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootenia, Av. Sen. Filinto Müller, 2443, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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23
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Corredor-Santamaría W, Mora-Solarte DA, Arbeli Z, Navas JM, Velasco-Santamaría YM. Liver biomarkers response of the neotropical fish Aequidens metae to environmental stressors associated with the oil industry. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07458. [PMID: 34286130 PMCID: PMC8278334 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Acacias River in Colombia receives large volumes of industrial effluents mostly derived from the oil industry. To contribute to the study of the possible effects of industrial wastewaters on the aquatic environment and particularly on fish populations, a native neotropical fish, Aequidens metae was used as a sentinel species. Wild specimens of A. metae were caught at three different places of the Acacias River taking as reference the point of discharge of an oil industry effluent; upstream, downstream, and at the vicinity of the discharge pipe. A fourth sampling site was chosen as a reference site away from urban settlements. Samplings were performed twice, during the rainy and dry seasons. After anesthesia animals were weighted and measured, and humanely sacrificed. Livers were extracted, frozen on site and transported to the laboratory. Condition indices were calculated. Total protein content and the detoxification 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) enzyme activity were estimated. Histopathological alterations were also evaluated. Water quality was estimated through the measurement of several variables. Results obtained evidenced that the highest induction in EROD activity and the strongest histological alterations in liver of the monitored fish appeared during the dry seasons at the discharge site and downstream to this point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Corredor-Santamaría
- Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología y Toxicología Acuática y Ambiental - BioTox, Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de los Llanos, km 12 vía Puerto López, vereda Barcelona, Villavicencio, Colombia.,Unidad de Saneamiento y Biotecnología Ambiental (USBA), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cra. 7 N. 43-82, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diego A Mora-Solarte
- Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología y Toxicología Acuática y Ambiental - BioTox, Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de los Llanos, km 12 vía Puerto López, vereda Barcelona, Villavicencio, Colombia
| | - Ziv Arbeli
- Unidad de Saneamiento y Biotecnología Ambiental (USBA), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cra. 7 N. 43-82, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José M Navas
- Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA_CSIC), Ctra. De la Coruña Km 7.5, E-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yohana M Velasco-Santamaría
- Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología y Toxicología Acuática y Ambiental - BioTox, Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de los Llanos, km 12 vía Puerto López, vereda Barcelona, Villavicencio, Colombia
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24
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Salgado LD, Marques AEML, Kramer RD, Garrido de Oliveira F, Moretto SL, Alves de Lima B, Prodocimo MM, Cestari MM, Azevedo JCRD, Silva de Assis HC. Sediment contamination and toxic effects on Violet Goby fish (Gobioides broussonnetii - Gobiidae) from a marine protected area in South Atlantic. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110308. [PMID: 33068573 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Estuarine-Lagoon Complex of Iguape-Cananéia (ELCIC), a Marine Protected Area (MPA) in Brazil, was the focus of this study that aimed to relate external levels of exposure to contaminants to toxic effects on Gobioides broussonnetii fish. Different anthropogenic contaminants such as metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) were analyzed in the sediments; and biochemical, histopathological and genotoxicity biomarkers evaluated in fish; in two different seasons at three sites of the estuarine region. Higher contamination of the sediments was observed near the main urban center (Iguape city - IG). Metal concentrations were considered low to moderate, while PAHs concentrations were considered low. The concentrations of PPCPs increased due to the anthropogenic presence and were higher near IG and the Cananéia Island (CI). Contributions from historical mining, agriculture, nautical activities, oil, sewage and waste disposal, biomass and fossil fuels combustion were identified. Higher concentrations of metals and PPCPs were observed during the cold-dry season, suggesting influences of the lower hydrodynamics during the season of lower precipitation. Higher PAHs concentrations occurred in the hot-rainy season, indicating influences of greater human presence in summer. In fish, biological responses followed the same spatial and seasonal pattern. More pronounced changes in antioxidant, biotransformation, histopathological and genotoxic biomarkers were observed in IG and CI. The multivariate analysis and the integrated biomarkers response index (IBR) also evidenced worse environmental conditions in these sites. This result can indicate a negative influence of anthropogenic activities on the contamination of sediments and on the biological responses of fish. This study presented the first ecotoxicological data for the species and suggested that these chronic exposures can cause adverse effects on this fish population. The data contribute to the understanding of local environmental quality and can be applied in the future to the environmental and social management of marine protected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Dalago Salgado
- Ecology and Conservation Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. Box 19031, 81530-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Cananéia Research Institute, 11990-000, Cananéia, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Rafael Duarte Kramer
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Federal Technological University of Paraná, 81280-340, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Garrido de Oliveira
- Ecology and Conservation Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. Box 19031, 81530-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Sarah Lott Moretto
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. Box 19031, 81530-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Barbara Alves de Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Federal Technological University of Paraná, 81280-340, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Maritana Mela Prodocimo
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. Box 19031, 81530-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Marta Margarete Cestari
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. Box 19031, 81530-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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25
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Badroo IA, Nandurkar HP, Khanday AH. Toxicological impacts of herbicide paraquat dichloride on histological profile (gills, liver, and kidney) of freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:39054-39067. [PMID: 32642888 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09931-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat dichloride is a broad-spectrum herbicide used worldwide. It is very fast acting and used to kill a wide range of grasses and broad-leaved weeds. Paraquat dichloride gets run off to aquatic water bodies, and its presence has been reported by various researchers, where its effect is certain on aquatic organisms. Fish are vulnerable to aquatic pollutants as they are in direct contact with their environment. Therefore, our study was designed to evaluate the effects of herbicide paraquat dichloride on histology of vital organs (gills, liver, and kidney) of the fresh water fish Channa punctatus (Bloch). Toxicity effects are evaluated under static renewal test conditions, and histological alterations were detected microscopically. Fish were exposed to acute dose (96hLC50/2 = 32.93 mg/L) for 96 h of paraquat dichloride. Simultaneous control was also maintained. Principal histopathological alterations in gills during acute exposure showed curling of secondary lamellae, aneurysm, gill bridging, and enlargement of the cartilaginous core. The tissue damages like melanomacrophage centers, pyknotic nucleus, large sinusoidal congestion, and cell fusion are some histological alterations observed in the liver after acute exposure. The changes in histoarchitecture observed in the kidney include an increase in Bowman's space, necrosis of glomeruli, and damage to collecting duct at acute exposure. The histopathological changes were more prominent with the duration of exposure in the experimental groups. The present study demonstrated that the vital organs exhibited significant damage, among all gill histology specifically got altered being directly exposed to paraquat dichloride. Paraquat dichloride exposure affects the histology of gills, liver, and kidney, thus impairing the vital functions like respiration, excretion, and metabolic regulation which in turn will affect the fish health and is a serious threat. Histopathological alteration in gills, liver, and kidney can be regarded as sensitive biomarkers of paraquat dichloride toxicological manifestations and thus can be utilized for ecotoxicological biomonitoring of aquatic bodies. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Ashraf Badroo
- Department of Zoology, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, Maharashtra, 44602, India.
| | | | - Ashiq Hussain Khanday
- Department of Botany, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, Maharashtra, 444602, India
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26
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Beegam A, Lopes M, Fernandes T, Jose J, Barreto A, Oliveira M, Soares AMVM, Trindade T, Thomas S, Pereira ML. Multiorgan histopathological changes in the juvenile seabream Sparus aurata as a biomarker for zinc oxide particles toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:30907-30917. [PMID: 31376128 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05949-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles are widely used in some domains (cosmetics, pharmaceuticals optical devices, and agricultural field) due to their physical, optical, and antimicrobial properties. However, the release of ZnO-NPs into the environment may affect organisms like fish with potential consequences for human health. Histological approaches of the acute effects of these materials on fish are scarce; thus, the present study aimed to investigate the potential toxic effects of acute exposure to ZnO particles in marine environments, by assessing histological changes in the gills, liver, spleen, and muscle of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. Thus, fish were exposed for 96 h, via water, to 1 mg L-1 of ionic zinc and zinc oxide particles (1.1, 1.2, and 1.4 μm of size). Histological examination revealed gills as the most affected organ, followed by liver, muscle, and spleen. In the gills, histopathological changes included hyperplasia of epithelial cells, fusion of the secondary lamellae, and lifting of the lamellar epithelium with edema. In the liver, lipid vacuolation of several degrees, necrosis of hepatic and pancreatic tissues, blood congestion in sinusoids and hepatoportal vessels, presence of cellular infiltrate, and melano-macrophages diffusion was found. Muscle showed degeneration, atrophy, thickening and necrosis of muscle fibers with edema between them, and presence of melano-macrophages in the muscle layer. Spleen was the less damaged organ, displaying congested blood, white pulp increase/rupture, and bigger and darker melano-macrophage aggregates in the splenic stroma. These results underline that the size of particles plays a determinant role in their potential pernicious effects. A short-term exposure caused major histopathological changes in relevant organs of S. aurata juveniles, possibly affecting their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asfina Beegam
- International & Inter University Centre for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Maria Lopes
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tiago Fernandes
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jiya Jose
- International & Inter University Centre for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Angela Barreto
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Miguel Oliveira
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
- CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tito Trindade
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sabu Thomas
- International & Inter University Centre for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Maria L Pereira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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27
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Malhotra N, Ger TR, Uapipatanakul B, Huang JC, Chen KHC, Hsiao CD. Review of Copper and Copper Nanoparticle Toxicity in Fish. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1126. [PMID: 32517348 PMCID: PMC7353310 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the present knowledge on the toxicity of copper and copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) to various fish species. In previous decades, the excessive usage of metal and metallic nanoparticles has increased significantly, increasing the probability of the accumulation and discharge of metals in various trophic levels of the environment. Due to these concerns, it is important to understand the toxicity mechanisms of metals and metallic nanoparticles before they lead to unhealthy effects on human health. In this review paper, we specifically focus on the effect of metal copper and CuNPs on different fish organs under different physiochemical parameters of various water bodies. Nowadays, different forms of copper have distinctive and specific usages, e.g., copper sulfate is a well-established pesticide which is used to control the growth of algae in lakes and ponds. Deactivating the fungi enzymes prevents fungal spores from germinating. This process of deactivation is achieved via the free cupric ions, which are established as the most toxic forms of copper. Complexes of copper with other ligands may or may not be bioavailable for use in aquatic organisms. On the other hand, CuNPs have shown cost-effectiveness and numerous promising uses, but the toxicity and availability of copper in a nanoparticle form is largely unknown, Additionally, physiochemical factors such as the hardness of the water, alkalinity, presence of inorganic and organic ligands, levels of pH, and temperature in various different water bodies affect the toxicity caused by copper and CuNPs. However, comprehensive knowledge and data regarding the pattern of toxicity for copper metal ions and CuNPs in marine organisms is still limited. In this review, we carry out a critical analysis of the availability of the toxicological profiles of copper metal ions and CuNPs for different fishes in order to understand the toxicity mechanisms of copper and CuNPs. We believe that this review will provide valuable information on the toxicological profile of copper, which will further help in devising safe guidelines for the usage of copper and CuNPs in a sustainable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemi Malhotra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan; (N.M.); (T.-R.G.)
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan;
| | - Tzong-Rong Ger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan; (N.M.); (T.-R.G.)
| | - Boontida Uapipatanakul
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Thanyaburi 12110, Thailand;
| | - Jong-Chin Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan;
| | - Kelvin H.-C. Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan
- Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan
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Lebepe J, Steyl J, Luus-Powell WJ. Histopathology of the liver and gills of Labeo rosae (rednose Labeo) from Loskop Dam in South Africa. AFRICAN ZOOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15627020.2020.1740610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Lebepe
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
| | - Johan Steyl
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
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Cimen ICC, Danabas D, Ates M. Comparative effects of Cu (60-80 nm) and CuO (40 nm) nanoparticles in Artemia salina: Accumulation, elimination and oxidative stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 717:137230. [PMID: 32062243 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, nanotoxicity tests were made by exposure of Artemia salina to copper (Cu 60-80 nm) and copper oxide (CuO 40 nm) nanoparticles (NPs) at different concentrations (0.2, 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 mg/l) during some exposure duration. Characterization of Cu and CuO NPs were performed using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta Potential, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transformation Infrared (FT-IR) analyzes. In organisms, the accumulation and elimination rates of NPs was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis and the oxidative stress effects on A. salina were determined by Glutathione (GSH) and Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) analysis methods. Both NPs were found to differ in accumulation and elimination rates at each application time and in parallel with the increase in concentration. In each group, it was determined that ion release increased with application time. The results showed that the accumulation rates in Cu NPs had a tendency to increase at 48 h and to decrease at 72 h in concentrations of 0, 2 and 1 mg/l, respectively. And in the all other concentrations have been seen an increasing trend within the time. In the CuO NPs (40 nm), accumulation rates were a decrease trend at 48th hour and an increase trend at 72nd hour except 10 mg/l concentration. In the 10 mg/l group was an increase trend with the application period. Cu NP, TBARS value increased with increasing concentrations and the highest increase was observed at 24 h of 5 ppm group. The groups showed a tendency to increase-decrease-increase-decrease in TBARS levels in terms of elapsed time (24th, 48th, 72nd hour and elimination) (5 ppm and 10 ppm groups tended to decrease in TBARS level at 72nd hour). TBARS increased with increasing concentration ratios in CuO NPs (40 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Durali Danabas
- Munzur University, Fisheries Faculty, TR62000 Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ates
- Munzur University, Graduate Institute of Education, Department of Biotechnology, TR62000 Tunceli, Turkey
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Fitzgerald JA, Urbina MG, Rogers NJ, Bury NR, Katsiadaki I, Wilson RW, Santos EM. Sublethal exposure to copper supresses the ability to acclimate to hypoxia in a model fish species. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 217:105325. [PMID: 31711009 PMCID: PMC6891231 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the major threats to biodiversity in aquatic systems. The association of hypoxia with nutrient-rich effluent input into aquatic systems results in scenarios where hypoxic waters could be contaminated with a wide range of chemicals, including metals. Despite this, little is known about the ability of fish to respond to hypoxia when exposures occur in the presence of environmental toxicants. We address this knowledge gap by investigating the effects of exposures to different levels of oxygen in the presence or absence of copper using the three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) model. Fish were exposed to different air saturations (AS; 100%, 75% and 50%) in combination with copper (20 μg/L) over a 4 day period. The critical oxygen level (Pcrit), an indicator of acute hypoxia tolerance, was 54.64 ± 2.51% AS under control conditions, and 36.21 ± 2.14% when fish were chronically exposed to hypoxia (50% AS) for 4 days, revealing the ability of fish to acclimate to low oxygen conditions. Importantly, the additional exposure to copper (20 μg/L) prevented this improvement in Pcrit, impairing hypoxia acclimation. In addition, an increase in ventilation rate was observed for combined copper and hypoxia exposure, compared to the single stressors or the controls. Interestingly, in the groups exposed to copper, a large increase in variation in the measured Pcrit was observed between individuals, both under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. This variation, if observed in wild populations, may lead to selection for a tolerant phenotype and alterations in the gene pool of the populations, with consequences for their sustainability. Our findings provide strong evidence that copper reduces the capacity of fish to respond to hypoxia by preventing acclimation and will inform predictions of the consequences of global increases of hypoxia in water systems affected by other pollutants worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Fitzgerald
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK; Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Barrack Road, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Mauricio G Urbina
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK; Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, 4070386, Chile; Instituto Milenio de Oceanografía (IMO), Universidad de Concepción, PO Box 1313, Concepción, Chile
| | - Nicholas J Rogers
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Nic R Bury
- University of Suffolk, School of Science, Technology and Engineering, James Hehir Building, University Avenue, Ipswich, IP3 0FS, UK
| | - Ioanna Katsiadaki
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, 4070386, Chile
| | - Rod W Wilson
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Eduarda M Santos
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK; Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture Futures, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK.
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Effects of Lambda Cyhalothrin on the behaviour and histology of gills of Sarotherodon melanotheron in brackish water. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2019.e00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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32
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Hemalatha D, Nataraj B, Rangasamy B, Shobana C, Ramesh M. DNA damage and physiological responses in an Indian major carp Labeo rohita exposed to an antimicrobial agent triclosan. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:1463-1484. [PMID: 31222661 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of triclosan (TCS) in an Indian major carp Labeo rohita. The 96-h LC50 value of triclosan to L. rohita was found to be 0.39 mg L-1. Fish were exposed to two sublethal concentrations (0.039 mg L-1, treatment I and 0.078 mg L-1, treatment II) of TCS for 35 days, and certain hematobiochemical, antioxidant, histopathological responses were measured. Compared to the control group, there was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the values and genotoxicity of hematological parameters such as hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), and erythrocyte (RBC) in TCS-exposed fish, but the values of leucocyte count (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were found to be increased. A biphasic response in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) value was observed during the study period (35 days). Significant (p < 0.05) alterations in plasma biochemical parameters (glucose and protein), electrolytes (Na+, K+, and Cl-), and transaminases (GOT and GPT) were observed in fish treated with TCS in both treatments. Gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity was found to be decreased in fish treated with TCS in both treatments. Enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant index levels have also fluctuated in all the tissues (gill, liver, and kidney). The histological lesions were comparatively more severe in the gill than the liver and kidney. Comet assay showed DNA damage on exposure at two sublethal concentrations. The present results suggest that TCS is highly toxic to fish even at sublethal concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devan Hemalatha
- Department of Zoology, PSG Arts and Science College, Avinashi Road, Civil Aerodrome Post, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641014, India
| | - Bojan Nataraj
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Basuvannan Rangasamy
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Chellappan Shobana
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Mathan Ramesh
- Department of Zoology, PSG Arts and Science College, Avinashi Road, Civil Aerodrome Post, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641014, India.
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33
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Wu L, Yu Q, Zhang G, Wu F, Zhang Y, Yuan C, Zhang T, Wang Z. Single and combined exposures of waterborne Cu and Cd induced oxidative stress responses and tissue injury in female rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 222:90-99. [PMID: 31028930 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) are two kinds of abundant toxic metals in aquatic ecosystem. The present study evaluated the effects of waterborne Cu and Cd on oxidative stress responses and histological alterations in female rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). Fish were exposed for 7 days to: (i) control (no added Cu or Cd), (ii) waterborne Cu (39.2 μg L-1), (iii) waterborne Cd (299.6 μg L-1), and (iv) Cu and Cd in mixture (19.6 and 149.8 μg L-1, respectively). Antioxidant enzyme activities and gene mRNA abundance in fish tissues (gills, liver, and ovaries) were induced by Cu and Cd exposures, both individually and in mixture, at day 1, but an asynchronous response was observed between most enzyme activities and gene mRNA abundance following 7 days exposure. Biochemical analysis and histological observation indicated that exposure to Cu and Cd, alone and in combination, caused evident damage to lipids and tissue structure in gills, liver and ovaries. Comparing with single Cu or Cd exposure, Cu and Cd co-exposure induced greater increase in the mRNA expression of most antioxidant genes and caused more severe lesions in fish tissues, which suggested that exposure to waterborne Cu and Cd in mixture might increase their individual toxicity. Furthermore, positive relationships between nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) expression and expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and catalase (CAT) were also observed in the present study, which suggested that Cu or/and Cd induced expression of these antioxidant genes were might through activation of Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qiuguo Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Guo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Feili Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Cong Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zaizhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Reboa A, Mandich A, Cutroneo L, Carbone C, Malatesta A, Capello M. Baseline evaluation of metal contamination in teleost fishes of the Gulf of Tigullio (north-western Italy): Histopathology and chemical analysis. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 141:16-23. [PMID: 30955720 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Metals, whether essential (Cu, Zn, Cr, Fe, Mn) or non-essential (Al, As, Cd, Ni, Pb, Hg) for organism metabolism, occur naturally in the marine environment and their abundance can increase due to the presence of human activities. In this study, fish were used as bio-indicators, to determine a correlation between the bio-accumulation of metals in muscle and gill tissues and the health status of fish. The study area was the Gulf of Tigullio (north-western Italy), which is impacted by various sources of metal contamination. Histopathology served as a significant tool to investigate possible alterations in gills, one of the main organs involved in fish physiology. Results highlighted some correlations between certain metals (e.g. Pb, Ni) and gill alterations (e.g. epithelial hyperplasia, epithelial lifting), providing baseline data from a pool of different fish species, which can be used for comparison purposes in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Reboa
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, I-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberta Mandich
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, I-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Cutroneo
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, I-16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Cristina Carbone
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, I-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Marco Capello
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, I-16132 Genoa, Italy
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35
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Vreys N, Amé MV, Filippi I, Cazenave J, Valdés ME, Bistoni MA. Effect of Landscape Changes on Water Quality and Health Status of Heptapterus mustelinus (Siluriformes, Heptapteridae). ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 76:453-468. [PMID: 30661090 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-018-00593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Substances derived from anthropogenic activities induce changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of the aquatic environment. Physicochemical and biological studies are necessary to understand how changes in landscape affect the health of the aquatic environment. The main goal of this study was to evaluate how the landscape at different spatial scales affects (1) water quality and (2) the health status of Heptapterus mustelinus, based on several biomarkers. During the dry season, individuals were caught in three sites with different degrees of anthropogenic activity. The quality of the terrestrial environment was assessed using the Riparian Quality and Land Use Indices. The water quality condition was evaluated using a water quality index, and pesticides and pharmaceuticals were measured in water. The following biomarkers were analyzed in the fish: general health status (Condition Factor, Hepatosomatic index and energetic costs), enzymatic activity (GST, CAT, AchE), carbonyl content in proteins and histopathological responses in liver and gills. The most impacted sites by the presence of pesticides showed more alterations in the surrounding landscape; specially, changes in the riparian area. In this area, biomarkers denoted more damage than in sites with protected riparian zone. Conservation status of riparian ecosystems is crucial in the determination of rivers ecological quality. Our results demonstrate the importance of monitoring the environmental quality through an integrated analysis, using native fish to understand the effects of human activities on the biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Vreys
- Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Velez Sarsfield 299, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M V Amé
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología de Córdoba (CIBICI), CONICET-UNC and Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - I Filippi
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología de Córdoba (CIBICI), CONICET-UNC and Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - J Cazenave
- Laboratorio de Ictiología, Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina and Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias (FHUC-UNL), Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M E Valdés
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología de Córdoba (CIBICI), CONICET-UNC and Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M A Bistoni
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), CONICET-UNC and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Velez Sarsfield 299, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
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36
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Phytochemical Screening and Toxicological Study of Aristolochia baetica Linn Roots: Histopathological and Biochemical Evidence. J Toxicol 2019; 2019:8203832. [PMID: 30853978 PMCID: PMC6377958 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8203832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aristolochia baetica (A. baetica) is a wild species of Aristolochiaceae family; its roots are used by Moroccan people against cancer for many years ago. The objective of the study was to investigate the phytochemical screening, acute and subacute toxicity of A. baetica roots growing in the north of Morocco. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of A. baetica roots were performed using standard methods; the acute toxicity of the root extract of the studied plant was assessed in mice by gavage of single doses of 1, 2, and 4 g/kg body weight for 14 days; by the time the subacute toxicity was done using repeated doses 1, 1.5, and 2 g/kg/day for 28 days. Histological changes and biochemical parameters as markers of kidney and liver function were evaluated. The results of phytochemical screening showed the presence of polyphenols, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and the absence of anthraquinones, sterols, and terpenes. The results of acute toxicity showed the absence of mortality and signs of toxicity in groups treated with 1 and 2 g/kg; however, the clinical signs of toxicity were important and the rate of mortality was estimated at 16 % in the group treated with 4 g/kg. The results of subacute toxicity showed several changes of serum parameters registered in groups treated with 1.5 and 2 g/kg/day, respectively. The results showed also the absence of histological injuries in groups treated with 1 and 1.5 g/kg/day; meanwhile, the histological alterations were remarkable in treated group with the highest dose administered of 2 g/kg/day. The outcome of this work showed that the roots' extract of the studied plant was toxic in mice with repeated doses, but no toxic effect was observed with a single dose under 4g/kg.
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Tian Y, Wu B, Li X, Jin X, Zhang F, Jiang C, Xu W, Li H, Wang H. The Resveratrol Alleviates the Hepatic Toxicity of CuSO 4 in the Rat. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:464-471. [PMID: 29980948 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1398-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cu is toxic to humans and other animals. Oxidative stress is an important mechanism involved in Cu toxicity. Resveratrol (RSV) is an antioxidative compound, so could counteract Cu toxicity. The aim of this study was to determine whether RSV protects the liver from the effects of CuSO4. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats (5 weeks old, 110-120 g) were divided into four groups (n = 10 per group), a control group and groups treated with CuSO4 at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight (BW), RSV at a dose of 15 mg/kg BW, and CuSO4 at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW and RSV at a dose of 15 mg/kg BW. The treatments were orally administered for 30 days. The livers were removed from the rats at the end of the study, and the cytochrome P450, cytochrome b5, Cu, Fe, Zn, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, reactive oxygen species, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase concentrations in the livers were determined. CuSO4 decreased the BW, liver weight, and cytochrome P450, cytochrome b5, Fe, Zn, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase concentrations but increased the Cu, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and reactive oxygen species concentrations relative to the control group. RSV alleviated the toxic effects of CuSO4 on the liver, indicating that RSV attenuates CuSO4-induced liver injury by decreasing the liver transaminase concentration and oxidative stress, promoting antioxidative activity and cytochrome P450 enzymes, and maintaining balance in the trace element concentrations. The results indicate that RSV could be used to treat CuSO4 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Tian
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology of the First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery of China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Radiobiology (Ministry of Health) of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology of the First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xuefei Jin
- Department of Urology of China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Fuqiang Zhang
- Science and Research Center of China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Chunyan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Wenzhou Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Heyuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
- Department of Immunology in College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Chance RJ, Cameron GA, Fordyce M, Noguera P, Wang T, Collins C, Secombes CJ, Collet B. Effects of repeated anaesthesia on gill and general health of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2018; 93:1069-1081. [PMID: 30242832 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fish are the second most widely utilized vertebrate group used for scientific procedures in the United Kingdom, but the development and application of 3Rs (the principles of replacement, reduction, and refinement) in aquaculture disease research lags behind methodologies in place for mammalian studies. With a need for individual monitoring and non-lethal sampling, the effect of repeat anaesthesia on experimental fish needs to be better understood. This study analyses the effect of repeat anaesthesia with MS-222, metomidate and AQUI-S upon the gill and general health of post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. A single, lethal dose of anaesthetic was compared with seven anaesthetizing time points over 28 days, terminating in a lethal dose. No anaesthetic showed significant differences in accumulation in the muscle tissue, or changes in plasma glucose after repeated or single dosing. Fish repeatedly anaesthetized with MS-222 or AQUI-S exhibited upregulation of osmoregulatory genes in the gill and AQUI-S-treated individuals showed, histologically, epithelial lifting from the lamellae capillary irrespective of whether they had a single or repeated dose history. No significant changes were seen in inflammatory or stress genes in the head kidney of fish repeatedly anaesthetized with AQUI-S or metomidate, however MS-222 treatment resulted in upregulation of tnfα3. Repeated anaesthesia with MS-222 and metomidate gave a significant decrease and increase in peripheral blood neutrophils, respectively. This study concludes that no increase in cumulative stress or inflammation is induced by the repeated anaesthetization of S. salar with any of the tested anaesthetics, however gill osmotic regulation and blood parameters may be affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Chance
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- Marine Laboratory, Marine Scotland Science, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Gary A Cameron
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Mark Fordyce
- Marine Laboratory, Marine Scotland Science, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Tiehui Wang
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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da Silva Souza T, de Souza VV, Lascola MB. Assessment of surface water using Allium cepa test and histological analysis in Rhamdia quelen. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:420. [PMID: 29934915 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6795-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic potentials of water samples collected in the Alegre River Basin, located in a predominantly rural area with no sewage treatment facilities in the Espírito Santo State, Brazil, using Allium cepa test. Also, gills and liver of Rhamdia quelen, a common fish species of the region, were histologically analyzed. A semi-quantitative analysis was performed and a histopathological alterations index (HAI) was determined. Our findings indicated that the waters of this river basin were cytotoxic (mitotic index reduction) and/or genotoxic (chromosomal abnormalities induction). Mutagenicity (micronuclei induction) was not observed for any water sample. The values for HAI showed that the waters caused moderate histological alterations in R. quelen. Liver was more sensitive than gills. It is necessary to implement a sewage treatment system and raise awareness on inappropriate management and disposal of agrochemicals in order to allow the recovery of Alegre River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana da Silva Souza
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Rua Alto Universitário, s/número, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, 29500-000, Brasil.
| | - Victor Ventura de Souza
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Rua Alto Universitário, s/número, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, 29500-000, Brasil
| | - Mylena Boeque Lascola
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Rua Alto Universitário, s/número, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, 29500-000, Brasil
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Shahzad K, Khan MN, Jabeen F, Kosour N, Chaudhry AS, Sohail M. Evaluating toxicity of copper(II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) through waterborne exposure to tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) by tissue accumulation, oxidative stress, histopathology, and genotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:15943-15953. [PMID: 29589240 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1813-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles are widely used in industries, and peak level can be confirmed in their surroundings. In the present study, the sub-lethal effects of CuO-NPs from low to high concentration as 0.5 to 1.5 mg/L were observed in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Accumulation of copper from CuO-NPs was increased with the increase in doses, and maximum accumulation was found in the gill than liver and muscles. The increased lipid peroxidation level was observed in the gill as compared to liver, and the similar results were obtained in catalase and glutathione while superoxide dismutase level was higher in the liver than gills. In histological alterations, gill edema, curved tips, fusion of gill lamellae, and thickening of primary and secondary gill lamellae were observed. Necrosis and apoptosis with condensed nuclear bodies and pyknotic nuclei were observed in the liver at the highest dose concentration. In a genotoxic study, the highest value of % tail DNA and olive tail movement was observed with increasing concentrations. Copper oxide nanoparticles has greater potential to accumulate in the soft tissues, which may cause respiratory distress such as oxidative stress, induction of antioxidant defense by raising glutathione, organ pathology, and genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurram Shahzad
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasreen Kosour
- Fisheries Research and Training Institute, Govt. of Punjab, Manawan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Rašković B, Poleksić V, Skorić S, Jovičić K, Spasić S, Hegediš A, Vasić N, Lenhardt M. Effects of mine tailing and mixed contamination on metals, trace elements accumulation and histopathology of the chub (Squalius cephalus) tissues: Evidence from three differently contaminated sites in Serbia. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 153:238-247. [PMID: 29454232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chub (Squalius cephalus) specimens were collected in Korenita River seven months after spillover from the waste water of antimony mine tailing pond and compared with chub living in Kruščica reservoir (intended for water supply) and Međuvršje reservoir (influenced by intense emission of industrial, urban and rural wastewater). Concentrations of 15 elements (Al, As, B, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Si, Sr, Zn) were determined in muscle, liver and gills of chub by inductively coupled plasma optical spectrometry (ICP-OES) and histopathological alterations in liver and gills were assessed. Chub specimens from Korenita River had higher concentrations of As, Ba and Pb in all three investigated tissues as well as higher total histopathological index values than chub from reservoirs. Specimens from Međuvršje reservoir were characterized by higher values for concentrations of Cu and Si in muscle tissue and higher values for regressive histopathological alterations in gills. Individuals of chub from Kruščica reservoir had the highest concentrations of Fe in liver, Hg in muscle and Sr and Zn in muscle while gills had the lowest value of total histopathological index. The results from the present study showed higher level of histopathological alterations as a result of mine tailing accident. As a result of mixed contamination on the Međuvršje site, histopathological index values of gills were in line with the index value from Korenita River. Increased values for Fe and Sr in chub tissue from Kruščica reservoir could be explained by geological structure of the site which is characterized by magmatic rock rich in Cu, Fe and Ni as well as dominant carbonate sediment complex of marine origin with increased level of Sr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Božidar Rašković
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Nemanjina 6, Zemun 11080, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vesna Poleksić
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Nemanjina 6, Zemun 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stefan Skorić
- University of Belgrade-Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Jovičić
- University of Belgrade-Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Department of Hydroecology and Water Protection, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slađana Spasić
- University of Belgrade-Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia; Singidunum University, Faculty of Informatics and Computing, Danijelova 32, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Hegediš
- University of Belgrade-Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia; University of Belgrade-Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nebojša Vasić
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Mining and Geology, Department of Mineralogy, Crystallography, Petrology and Geochemistry, Đušina 7, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Lenhardt
- University of Belgrade-Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia; University of Belgrade-Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Department of Hydroecology and Water Protection, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
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Mohan DS, Arumugam S, Ramaiah S. Diversification and microscopic structure of tissues in endemic and endangered species of Dawkinsia tambraparniei from the river Tamiraparani, Tamil Nadu, India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:6570-6583. [PMID: 29255982 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0896-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the study on the endemic and endangered species of Dawkinsia tambraparniei were confined only the areas of the river Tamiraparani. These species are under threats due to the menace of anthropogenic stress. To recognize the crisis behind the particular species, it was analyzed histologically and molecularly from the five pollutant levels of river Tamiraparani. Histologically, the microscopic examinations were also carried out from the crucial organs such as the brain, gill, heart, kidney, and liver, which confirm the spiky survivability of the endemic fish. Assessment of fish organ damages was observed highly in Kokkirakulam and Vannarapettai. Probably with conserved molecular sequences, the species can be identified out from the encountered surveillance of the particular taxa leading to the evolutionary circumstances. The phylogenetic analysis of Dawkinsia tambraparniei populations showed that Cheranmadevi and Vallandau sites populations were closely distributed. Even though the species have similarity sequences of each population were shown that the closely related with same genus but other sub-species. The observed results emphasize the conventional measures to conserve the endemic species and more effectual planning to the proximity of endurances in inhabited zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Sapphire Mohan
- Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tamil Nadu, 627412, India
| | - Sabaridasan Arumugam
- PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Sri Vinayaga College of Arts and Science, Ulundurpet, Villupuram District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soranam Ramaiah
- Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tamil Nadu, 627412, India.
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Ramesh M, Anitha S, Poopal RK, Shobana C. Evaluation of acute and sublethal effects of chloroquine (C 18H 26CIN 3) on certain enzymological and histopathological biomarker responses of a freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio. Toxicol Rep 2017; 5:18-27. [PMID: 29270363 PMCID: PMC5734797 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloroquine (CQ) toxicity on fresh water fingerlings Cyprinus carpio was studied. Median lethal concentration (96 h) was noted. Acute (96 h) and sub-lethal (35 days) treatments was performed. Enzymological activity and histological alteration was analysed. Drug CQ has a toxic effect on non-target organism.
In this study the toxicity of antimalarial drug chloroquine (CQ) on certain enzymological (GOT, GPT and LDH) and histopathological alterations (Gill, liver and kidney) of a freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio was studied after acute (96 h) and sublethal (35 days) exposure. The median lethal concentration (96 h) of CQ was 31.62 mg/ml. During acute treatment (CQ at 31.62 mg/ml) the treated fish groups showed a significant increase in GOT and GPT activities in blood plasma; whereas LDH activity was decreased when compare to control groups. To analyse the effects of drug at the lowest concentration, the fish were exposed to 3.16 mg/ml (1/10th of 96 h LC50 value) for 96 h. In sublethal treatment (3.16 mg/ml) GOT activity increased up to 14th day and decreased during the rest of the exposure period (21, 28 and 35th day). A biphasic response in GPT activity was observed. LDH activity was found to be increased throughout the study period (35 days) compare to control groups. The alterations in enzyme activities in blood plasma were found to be significant at p < 0.05 (DMRT). Many histopathological changes in vital organs such as gill, liver and kidney of fish were observed in CQ treated group (acute and sub-lethal) compare to normal group. The alterations in the enzymological and histopathological study in the present investigation indicate that the drug CQ has toxic effects on non-target organisms. We conclude that the alterations in enzymological parameters and histopathological changes can be used as biomarker to assess the health of the aquatic organism/environment. Further data on molecular studies are needed to define the mode of action and toxicity of these emerging pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathan Ramesh
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvaraj Anitha
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rama Krishnan Poopal
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.,Environmental Toxicology and Toxicogenomics Lab, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chellappan Shobana
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
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Hamed HS, Osman AGM. Modulatory effect of lycopene against carbofuran toxicity in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 43:1721-1731. [PMID: 28721486 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-017-0404-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, was exposed to a sublethal concentration of carbofuran (CF) to investigate its negative effects on biochemical and oxidative stress biomarkers. Also, the putative role of lycopene (LYC) administration in alleviating these negative effects was evaluated. Fish were divided into six groups in triplicates as follows: group I was without treatment, group II was orally administered corn oil, group III was orally administered 18 mg LYC/kg body weight, group IV was exposed to 0.121 mg CF/L, group V was orally administered 9 mg LYC/kg body weight and exposed to 0.121 mg CF/L, and group VI was orally administered 18 mg LYC/kg body weight and exposed to 0.121 mg CF/L for 4 weeks. At the end of this period, blood and tissue (liver and kidney) samples were collected and biochemical and oxidative stress biomarkers were analysed. Also, histopathological changes were determined. Carbofuran caused significant increments of glucose, cortisol, aspartic amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, cholesterol, urea, and creatinine; meanwhile, serum acetylcholinesterase, total protein, albumin, and total lipids were significantly reduced. Significant increments in hepatic and renal malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and marked reduction in hepatic and renal catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were observed in CF-exposed fish comparing to the control group. Treatment with LYC attenuated the CF-induced oxidative stress, and this improvement was more pronounced in fish received the high LYC dose (18 mg/kg body weight). Further, congestion of the central vein with infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells, vacuolar necrosis, and haemorrhage was observed in the livers of CF-exposed fish. Oral administration of LYC reduced behavioural changes and histopathological alterations. All the altered biochemical parameters and antioxidant biomarkers were also restored to be near the normal levels. The obtained results evoked that LYC administration alleviated the destructive effects of carbofuran and reduced its toxicity effect on African catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba S Hamed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science & Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11757, Egypt.
| | - Alaa G M Osman
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
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Hua D, Wang J, Yu D, Liu J. Lanthanum exerts acute toxicity and histopathological changes in gill and liver tissue of rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:1207-1215. [PMID: 28861719 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1846-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the acute toxicity effects of lanthanum (La(III)) on gill and liver of rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). The median lethal concentration of La (III) at 96 h was 1.92 mg L-1. Rare minnow were reared in freshwater and exposed to 0.04, 0.08, 0.16, 0.32 and 0.80 mg L-1 La (III) for 21 d. Gill and liver samples were analyzed by light microscopy. The main histopathological changes induced by La (III) in gills were epithelial lifting, filamentary epithelial proliferation,edema, lamellar fusion, desquamation, and necrosis. Histopathological changes induced by La (III) in the liver included dilation of sinusoids, focal congestion, pyknotic nuclei, karyohexis and karyolysis, vacuolar degeneration, and numerous necrosis areas. Hypsometric analysis indicated significant changes in the measures of gill dimensions (average length, width, area), suggesting metabolic disturbance (gas exchange) upon La (III) exposure. The result showed that La (III) severely affects fish gill and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hua
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430,072, China
| | - Denghang Yu
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China.
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46
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Padrilah SN, Ahmad SA, Yasid NA, Sabullah MK, Daud HM, Khalid A, Shukor MY. Toxic effects of copper on liver and cholinesterase of Clarias gariepinus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:22510-22523. [PMID: 28804856 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9923-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The release of pollutants, especially heavy metals, into the aquatic environment is known to have detrimental effects on such an environment and on living organisms including humans when those pollutants are allowed to enter the food chain. The aim of this study is to analyse the damage to Clarias gariepinus' liver caused by exposure to different concentrations of copper. In the present study, samples of C. gariepinus were exposed to sub-lethal copper sulphate (CuSO4) concentrations (from 0.2 to 20.0 mg/L) for 96 h. Physiological and behavioural alterations were observed with respect to their swimming pattern, mucus secretion and skin colour. Mortality was also observed at high concentrations of copper. Histopathological alterations of the liver were analysed under light, transmission and scanning electron microscopies. The liver of the untreated group showed normal tissue structures, while histopathological abnormalities were observed in the treated fish under light and electron microscopes with increased copper concentrations. Histopathological abnormalities include necrosis, melanomacrophage, hepatic fibrosis and congested blood vessels. In addition, the enzyme activity of liver cholinesterase (ChE) was also found to be affected by copper sulphate, as 100% of cholinesterase activity was inhibited at 20.0 mg/L. Thus, liver enzyme activity and histopathological changes are proven to be alternative sources for biomarkers of metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nadzirah Padrilah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aqlima Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Nur Adeela Yasid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Khalizan Sabullah
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Hassan Mohd Daud
- Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ariff Khalid
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Yunus Shukor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Bernabò I, Guardia A, Macirella R, Tripepi S, Brunelli E. Chronic exposures to fungicide pyrimethanil: multi-organ effects on Italian tree frog (Hyla intermedia). Sci Rep 2017; 7:6869. [PMID: 28761072 PMCID: PMC5537256 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07367-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphibian habitats are easily contaminated by several pollutants, and in agricultural landscapes the likely exposure scenario is represented by pesticides. Many of these substances are known or suspected to act as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The goal of the present study was to assess the effects of pyrimethanil, a common-used but also overlooked fungicide, on liver, kidney and gonadal differentiation of Hyla intermedia. Through a multi-organ evaluation, we demonstrated that a long term exposure to two environmentally relevant concentrations of pyrimethanil (5 and 50 µg/L) elicits a range of toxic responses. First we showed that pyrimethanil induces underdevelopment of ovaries and interferes with normal sexual differentiation, thus revealing the endocrine disruption potential of this fungicide. Moreover we revealed that all considered organs are seriously affected by this fungicide and both necrosis and apoptosis contribute to the histological response. This is the first report on the effects of pyrimethanil on gonads, liver and kidney histology of a non-model species and it demonstrates that the hazardous properties of this fungicide can result from several pathological processes affecting different key compartments of amphibian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bernabò
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Antonello Guardia
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Rachele Macirella
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Sandro Tripepi
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Elvira Brunelli
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
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48
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Murray L, Rennie MD, Enders EC, Pleskach K, Martin JD. Effect of nanosilver on cortisol release and morphometrics in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:1606-1613. [PMID: 27859556 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanosilver (nAg) is a nanoparticle commonly incorporated into consumer products for its antimicrobial properties that has been detected in aquatic environments. Toxic effects of nAg on fish have been observed, and nAg may induce a stress response in fish in the form of increased blood plasma cortisol. Effects of nAg exposure on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were investigated over a 28-d period using blood plasma cortisol concentrations as an indicator of stress. Several morphometric measures (growth, Fulton's condition factor, and hepatosomatic index [HSI]) were also taken during the experiment to investigate potential whole-body effects of exposure, and concentrations of nAg in fish muscle tissue were measured. Fish were exposed to environmentally relevant (average 0.28 μg/L) and higher (average 47.60 μg/L) exposure concentrations of nAg. The results showed a significant increase in blood plasma cortisol for both exposure treatments. A significant effect on HSI by treatment dependent on exposure time was also observed, although no obvious trend was detected, whereas other morphometric measures were not affected by nAg exposure. In addition, Ag was detected in fish muscle tissue. The results indicate that although nAg did engage the stress response in fish, it did not affect growth or condition under the experimental conditions and time frame investigated. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1606-1613. © 2016 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Murray
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Michael D Rennie
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- IISD-Experimental Lakes Area, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Eva C Enders
- Freshwater Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kerri Pleskach
- Freshwater Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Martin
- Environmental and Life Sciences Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
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49
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Jerome FC, Hassan A, Omoniyi-Esan GO, Odujoko OO, Chukwuka AV. Metal uptake, oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in gills and hepatopancreas of Callinectes amnicola exposed to industrial effluent. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 139:179-193. [PMID: 28135665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Metal uptake by biota due to elevated environmental concentrations elicits oxidative stress and could lead to pathological outcomes. The relationship between the histopathological profile of hepatopancreas and gills and altered biochemical features (antioxidant enzymes i.e. GSH, GPx, CAT, SOD, lipid peroxidation (MDA) and serum protein) in the blue crab, Callinectes amnicola from contaminated parts of the Lagos Lagoon was investigated. Monthly crab, sediment and surface water samples were taken from effluent receiving areas of the Lagos lagoon i.e. Makoko, Okobaba, Iddo, Ikoyi and Mid-lagoon (control site) over an 18-month period and analyzed for metal levels (Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu). Significantly higher levels of GPx and lower levels of Pb, Zn and Cu was recorded in gills and hepatopancreas of crabs from the mid-lagoon compared to crabs from other sites. Reaction patterns of gills across the different sites of the lagoon included regressive (ranging from epithelial lifting, disruption of pilaster cells, detached cuticle to focal necrosis) and circulatory disruptions (oedema); increased activity of GSH and GPx in gills were positively correlated with lesions of lower importance factor. Reaction patterns in hepatopancreas were more regressive including vacuolation/infiltration of fatty lobules, necrosis, granuloma, disintegrated lumen, atrophied tubules and loss of lobular hepatocyte structure; increased activity of GSH, GPx and CAT were positively correlated with lesions of low importance factor in the hepatopancreas. Findings show that lesions in both gills and hepatopancreas of the blue crab could be associated with uptake of metals, depleted antioxidant activity and incidence of lipid peroxidation in tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fisayo C Jerome
- Fisheries Resource Department, Marine Biology Section, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research (NIOMR), Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adesola Hassan
- Parasitology Research unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ganiat O Omoniyi-Esan
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Oluwole O Odujoko
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Azubuike Victor Chukwuka
- Department of Environmental Quality Control (EQC), Conservation Unit, National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Osogbo, Nigeria.
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Carraschi SP, Florêncio T, Ignácio NF, Ikefuti CV, Cruz C, Ranzani-Paiva MJT. Hematological and histopathological assessment of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) after treatment of pathogens with veterinary medicinal products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-016-2351-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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