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Feng N, Liu D, Li Y, Liu P. Soil net N mineralization and hydraulic properties of carbonate-derived laterite under different vegetation types in Karst forests of China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159116. [PMID: 36179828 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil net nitrogen (N) mineralization (Nmin) is a key process in the forest N cycle regulating the N availability of plant growth. However, it is unclear how N transformation responds to soil hydraulic properties changes. The soil inorganic N pools and N transformation in the early growing season in karst forestlands were investigated by using an intact soil core in situ incubation method. Three different typical vegetation types were selected. The results showed that the mean values of NH4+-N, NO3--N, and inorganic N were 1.05-1.36, 1.55-3.85, and 1.05-2.34 times greater for ferns than for shrubs. NO3--N and NH4+-N mainly occur at soil depths of 0-5 cm and 5-15 cm, respectively. The soil Nmin was 2.21-232.03 times higher at 0-5 cm than at the 10-15 cm. Net N immobilization was found for the juvenile ferns and shrubs at 5-15 cm. The Nmin of juvenile and mature ferns was 1.90-11.78 times and 1.17-16.20 times higher than shrubs, respectively, and shrubs had the highest Ks (69.91 mm h-1) but the lowest water-holding capacity. Both ferns and shrubs were able to hold more water and available water was richest in mature fern soil, which provided an extra water source for fern growth. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to test whether the measured variables affected Nmin, and the results showed that soil organic matter (SOM), pH, and saturated volumetric water content (θs) were the main soil factors affecting Nmin. In addition, the NH4+-N, NO3--N, and inorganic N stocks were reduced by 3.98 %-59.04 %, 48.07 %-63.30 % and 8.18 %-57.37 % after rainwater input, respectively. Our findings suggest that soil inorganic N and Nmin in the karst forest were regulated by soil hydraulic properties. Changes in the soil hydraulic properties might therefore influence the functioning of soil N transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Feng
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Dongdong Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; College of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Yao Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Pu Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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2
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Liu L, Zhao Q, Zheng L, Zeng D. Responses of nutrient resorption to interannual precipitation variability and nitrogen addition in a pine plantation. Ecosphere 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui University Hefei China
| | - Lin‐Lin Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - De‐Hui Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
- Daqinggou Ecological Station Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
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3
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Seeber J, Tasser E, Rubatscher D, Loacker I, Lavorel S, Robson TM, Balzarolo M, Altimir N, Drösler M, Vescovo L, Gamper S, Barančok P, Staszewski T, Wohlfahrt G, Cernusca A, Sebastia MT, Tappeiner U, Bahn M. Effects of land use and climate on carbon and nitrogen pool partitioning in European mountain grasslands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 822:153380. [PMID: 35077786 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
European mountain grasslands are increasingly affected by land-use changes and climate, which have been suggested to exert important controls on grassland carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools. However, so far there has been no synthetic study on whether and how land-use changes and climate interactively affect the partitioning of these pools amongst the different grassland compartments. We analyzed the partitioning of C and N pools of 36 European mountain grasslands differing in land-use and climate with respect to above- and belowground phytomass, litter and topsoil (top 23 cm). We found that a reduction of management intensity and the abandonment of hay meadows and pastures increased above-ground phytomass, root mass and litter as well as their respective C and N pools, concurrently decreasing the fractional contribution of the topsoil to the total organic carbon pool. These changes were strongly driven by the cessation of cutting and grazing, a shift in plant functional groups and a related reduction in litter quality. Across all grasslands studied, variation in the impact of land management on the topsoil N pool and C/N-ratio were mainly explained by soil clay content combined with pH. Across the grasslands, below-ground phytomass as well as phytomass- and litter C concentrations were inversely related to the mean annual temperature; furthermore, C/N-ratios of phytomass and litter increased with decreasing mean annual precipitation. Within the topsoil compartment, C concentrations decreased from colder to warmer sites, and increased with increasing precipitation. Climate generally influenced effects of land use on C and N pools mainly through mean annual temperature and less through mean annual precipitation. We conclude that site-specific conditions need to be considered for understanding the effects of land use and of current and future climate changes on grassland C and N pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Seeber
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Drususallee 1, 39100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy
| | - Erich Tasser
- Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Drususallee 1, 39100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy
| | - Dagmar Rubatscher
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ingrid Loacker
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sandra Lavorel
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie-Mont Blanc, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - T Matthew Robson
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Manuela Balzarolo
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Nuria Altimir
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Global Change (ECOFUN), Forest Sciences Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Solsona, Spain; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matthias Drösler
- Institute of Ecology and Landscape University of Applied Sciences Weihenstephan-Triesdorf Am Hofgarten 1, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Loris Vescovo
- Sustainable ecosystems & bioresources department, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige 38010, TN, Italy
| | - Sonja Gamper
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter Barančok
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Štefánikova 3, P.O.Box 254, 814 99 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomasz Staszewski
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844 Katowice, Poland
| | - Georg Wohlfahrt
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander Cernusca
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M-Teresa Sebastia
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Global Change (ECOFUN), Forest Sciences Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Solsona, Spain; Group GAMES, Department of Horticulture, Botany and Landscaping, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ulrike Tappeiner
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Drususallee 1, 39100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy
| | - Michael Bahn
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Zhang Y, Ren Z, Zhang Y. Winter nitrogen enrichment does not alter the sensitivity of plant communities to precipitation in a semiarid grassland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:148264. [PMID: 34380248 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition often promotes aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), but has adverse effects on terrestrial ecosystem biodiversity. It is unclear, however, whether biomass production and biodiversity are equally altered by seasonal N enrichment, as there is a temporal pattern to atmospheric N deposition. By adding N in autumn, winter, or growing season from October 2014 to May 2019 in a temperate grassland in China, we found that N addition promoted peak plant community ANPP, but tended to decrease plant richness. Regardless of seasonal N additions, precipitation was positively correlated with plant community ANPP, confirming that precipitation is the primary limiting factor in this semiarid grassland. Unexpectedly, N addition in autumn or growing season, but not in winter, increased the sensitivity of plant communities to precipitation (i.e., the slope of the positive relationship between community ANPP and precipitation), indicating that precipitation determines the influence of seasonal N enrichment on plant community biomass production. These findings suggest that previous studies in which N was added in a single season, e.g., the growing season, have likely overestimated the effects of N deposition on ecosystem primary productivity, especially during wet years. This study illustrates that multi-season N addition in agreement with predicted seasonal patterns of N deposition needs to be evaluated to precisely assess ecosystem responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhengru Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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5
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Zhang J, Shen X, Mu B, Shi Y, Yang Y, Wu X, Mu C, Wang J. Moderately prolonged dry intervals between precipitation events promote production in Leymus chinensis in a semi-arid grassland of Northeast China. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:147. [PMID: 33743593 PMCID: PMC7981859 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02920-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change is predicted to lead to changes in the amount and distribution of precipitation during the growing seasonal. This "repackaging" of rainfall could be particularly important for grassland productivity. Here, we designed a two-factor full factorial experiment (three levels of precipitation amount and six levels of dry intervals) to investigate the effect of precipitation patterns on biomass production in Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. (a dominant species in the Eastern Eurasian Steppe). RESULTS Our results showed that increased amounts of rainfall with prolonged dry intervals promoted biomass production in L. chinensis by increasing soil moisture, except for the longest dry interval (21 days). However, prolonged dry intervals with increased amount of precipitation per event decreased the available soil nitrogen content, especially the soil NO3--N content. For small with more frequent rainfall events pattern, L. chinensis biomass decreased due to smaller plant size (plant height) and fewer ramets. Under large quantities of rain falling during a few events, the reduction in biomass was not only affected by decreasing plant individual size and lower ramet number but also by withering of aboveground parts, which resulted from both lower soil water content and lower NO3--N content. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that prolonged dry intervals between rainfall combined with large precipitation events will dramatically change grassland productivity in the future. For certain combinations of prolonged dry intervals and increased amounts of intervening rainfall, semi-arid grassland productivity may improve. However, this rainfall pattern may accelerate the loss of available soil nitrogen. Under extremely prolonged dry intervals, the periods between precipitation events exceeded the soil moisture recharge interval, the available soil moisture became fully depleted, and plant growth ceased. This implies that changes in the seasonal distribution of rainfall due to climate change could have a major impact on grassland productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Xiangjin Shen
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, P.R. China
| | - Bifan Mu
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Yuheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Chunsheng Mu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China.
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China.
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6
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Geng S, Chen Z, Ma S, Feng Y, Zhang L, Zhang J, Han S. Throughfall reduction diminished the enhancing effect of N addition on soil N leaching loss in an old, temperate forest. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 261:114090. [PMID: 32062460 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soil nitrogen (N) leaching is recognized to have negative effects on the environment. There is a lack of studies on different simultaneously occurring drivers of environmental change, including changing rainfall and N deposition, on soil N leaching. In this study, a two factorial field experiment was conducted in a Korean pine forest with the following four treatments: 30% of throughfall reduction (TR), 50 kg N ha-1 yr-1 of N addition (N+), throughfall reduction plus N addition (TRN+) and natural forest (CK). The zero-tension pan lysimeter method was used to assess the response of soil N leaching loss to manipulated N addition and throughfall reduction. The results showed that the soil N leaching loss in natural forest was 5.0 ± 0.4 kg N ha-1yr-1, of which dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) accounted for 48%. Compared to natural forest, six years of N addition (NH4NO3, 50 kg N ha-1 year-1) significantly (P < 0.05) increased soil N leaching losses by 122%, especially in the form of NO3-; a 30% reduction in throughfall slightly decreased N leaching losses by 23%; in combination, N addition and throughfall reduction increased N leaching losses by 48%. There was a strong interaction between N addition and throughfall reduction, which decreased N leaching loss by approximately 2.5 kg N ha-1 yr-1. Our results indicated that drought would diminish the enhancing effect of N deposition on soil N leaching. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating both N deposition and precipitation and their impacts on soil N leaching into future N budget assessments of forest ecosystems under global environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicong Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zhijie Chen
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jinming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Clean Combustion for Electricity Generation and Heat-Supply Technology, College of Energy and Power, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, 110136, China
| | - Yue Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Shijie Han
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jinming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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7
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Bai Y, She W, Zhang Y, Qiao Y, Fu J, Qin S. N enrichment, increased precipitation, and the effect of shrubs collectively shape the plant community in a desert ecosystem in northern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:135379. [PMID: 31839302 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the responses of biological communities to global climate change is pivotal to accurately forecasting future dynamics and developing effective strategies for the adaptive ecological management of desert ecosystems. Although direct demographic responses of plant species to climatic factors have been widely acknowledged, they are also regulated by interspecific interactions (i.e., the effects of shrubs on herbaceous plants). The magnitude and direction of regulation of such interspecific interactions remain unclear. To address this knowledge gap, a full factorial field experiment simulating three levels of N enrichment (ambient, 10 kg N ha-1 yr-1, and 60 kg N ha-1 yr-1) and three levels of precipitation (ambient, 20% increase, and 40% increase) were conducted in the Mu Us Desert, northern China. N enrichment and increased precipitation significantly increased herbaceous productivity by improving the soil water content and nutrient availability (e.g., soil DIN:SAP) when shrubs were not present. Taller species responded to N enrichment, whereas those with a greater specific leaf area responded to increased precipitation. When shrubs were present, they acted as a 'buffer islands' that moderated the responses of herbaceous species to N enrichment and increased precipitation by weakening the effect of the improved soil water status. The magnitude of the effect of shrubs on herbaceous biomass and richness was comparable to that of N enrichment and increased precipitation. Our results highlight the importance and complexity of both large-scale environmental changes and small-scale interspecific interactions in structuring plant communities in desert ecosystems. Moreover, abiotic environmental factors and biotic interactions should be integrated in efforts to predict the responses of plant communities to future global change in desert ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Bai
- Yanchi Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weiwei She
- Yanchi Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Yanchi Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yangui Qiao
- Yanchi Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jie Fu
- Yanchi Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shugao Qin
- Yanchi Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Centre of Forestry Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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8
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Kannenberg SA, Schwalm CR, Anderegg WRL. Ghosts of the past: how drought legacy effects shape forest functioning and carbon cycling. Ecol Lett 2020; 23:891-901. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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9
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Gong YH, Zhao DM, Ke WB, Fang C, Pei JY, Sun GJ, Ye JS. Legacy effects of precipitation amount and frequency on the aboveground plant biomass of a semi-arid grassland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 705:135899. [PMID: 31864167 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Precipitation is known to have legacy effects on plant diversity and production of many terrestrial ecosystems. Precipitation regimes are expected to become more variable with increasing extreme precipitation events. However, how previous-year precipitation regimes affect the current-year aboveground biomass (AGB) remains largely unknown. Here we measured long-term (2004-2017) AGB in a semi-arid grassland of the Chinese Loess Plateau to evaluate the impact of previous-year precipitation amount on current-year AGB. Furthermore, to assess the response of current-year AGB to previous-year precipitation regimes, we conducted a field manipulation experiment that included three precipitation regimes during 2014-2017: (i) ambient precipitation, (ii) monthly added four 5 mm rain events, and (iii) monthly added one 20 mm event. Both the long-term (2004-2017) observations under ambient precipitation and short-term (2014-2017) measurements under manipulative treatments showed significant positive effects of previous-year precipitation on current-year AGB. Our path analysis suggested that previous-year precipitation frequency had negative effects on the current-year density and mean height of grass (Leymus secalinus) while had positive effects on forb (Artemisia capillaris). The forb had much smaller height and AGB (65% and 53% less, respectively) than the grass. Consequently, the AGB reduced in the weekly small events treatment, causing the sensitivity of AGB to precipitation to decrease. Therefore, our findings indicated that the impacts of precipitation regimes on plant community dynamics should be taken into consideration while assessing the precipitation legacy effect on ecosystem production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dong-Min Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wen-Bin Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jiu-Ying Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guo-Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jian-Sheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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10
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Ullah MR, Corneo PE, Dijkstra FA. Inter-seasonal Nitrogen Loss with Drought Depends on Fertilizer Management in a Seminatural Australian Grassland. Ecosystems 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-019-00469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Yano Y, Qubain C, Holyman Z, Jencso K, Hu J. Snowpack influences spatial and temporal soil nitrogen dynamics in a western U.S. montane forested watershed. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Yano
- Department of Ecology Montana State University 310 Lewis Hall Bozeman Montana 59717 USA
| | - Claire Qubain
- Department of Ecology Montana State University 310 Lewis Hall Bozeman Montana 59717 USA
| | - Zach Holyman
- Department of Forest Management University of Montana 32 Campus Drive Missoula Montana 59812 USA
| | - Kelsey Jencso
- Department of Forest Management University of Montana 32 Campus Drive Missoula Montana 59812 USA
| | - Jia Hu
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment University of Arizona 1064 East Lowell Street Tucson Arizona 85712 USA
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12
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Ploughe LW, Jacobs EM, Frank GS, Greenler SM, Smith MD, Dukes JS. Community Response to Extreme Drought (CRED): a framework for drought-induced shifts in plant-plant interactions. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 222:52-69. [PMID: 30449035 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Contents Summary 52 I. Introduction 52 II. The Community Response to Extreme Drought (CRED) framework 55 III. Post-drought rewetting rates: system and community recovery 61 IV. Site-specific characteristics influencing community resistance and resilience 63 V. Conclusions 64 Acknowledgements 65 References 66 SUMMARY: As climate changes, many regions of the world are projected to experience more intense droughts, which can drive changes in plant community composition through a variety of mechanisms. During drought, community composition can respond directly to resource limitation, but biotic interactions modify the availability of these resources. Here, we develop the Community Response to Extreme Drought framework (CRED), which organizes the temporal progression of mechanisms and plant-plant interactions that may lead to community changes during and after a drought. The CRED framework applies some principles of the stress gradient hypothesis (SGH), which proposes that the balance between competition and facilitation changes with increasing stress. The CRED framework suggests that net biotic interactions (NBI), the relative frequency and intensity of facilitative (+) and competitive (-) interactions between plants, will change temporally, becoming more positive under increasing drought stress and more negative as drought stress decreases. Furthermore, we suggest that rewetting rates affect the rate of resource amelioration, specifically water and nitrogen, altering productivity responses and the intensity and importance of NBI, all of which will influence drought-induced compositional changes. System-specific variables and the intensity of drought influence the strength of these interactions, and ultimately the system's resistance and resilience to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura W Ploughe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Elin M Jacobs
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, 715 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Graham S Frank
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, 715 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Skye M Greenler
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, 715 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Melinda D Smith
- Department of Biology, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, 251 W. Pitkin St., Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Dukes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, 715 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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13
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The Responses of Soil N2O Emissions to Residue Returning Systems: A Meta-Analysis. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11030748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: Much attention has been focused on the influences of residue returning on N2O emissions. However, comprehensive quantification of the effect size on N2O emission following crop residue returning in subtropical, tropical and warm temperate conditions remains untested. Methods: To identify site-specific factors that influence N2O emission (kg N2O-N ha−1) in residue returning systems, we performed a meta-analysis involving 260 comparisons from 72 studies. Results: The data indicated that significant promoting effects were observed under residue returning by rotary tillage, no-tillage and mulch, whereas N2O release was significantly inhibited by 8% under residue returning by plough. For other contributors, the stimulatory and significant effects occurred in upland fields, under short- and medium-term residue returning durations, acidic/neutral soils, medium organic C and clay content. Nitrogen fertilizer application significantly stimulated N2O emission, even though application rate at 100–150 kg N ha−1 was inhibitory. Although a negative correlation between residue C/N ratio and N2O emission has been shown, residue returning could not reduce N2O emission with a higher C/N ratio and amount. Conclusions: Some options, such as converting residue returning methods, decreasing N fertilizer application rate, and regulating soil C/N ratio could be adopted to mitigate soil N2O emission following residue returning.
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14
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Luo W, Zuo X, Ma W, Xu C, Li A, Yu Q, Knapp AK, Tognetti R, Dijkstra FA, Li MH, Han G, Wang Z, Han X. Differential responses of canopy nutrients to experimental drought along a natural aridity gradient. Ecology 2018; 99:2230-2239. [PMID: 30157292 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The allocation and stoichiometry of plant nutrients in leaves reflect fundamental ecosystem processes, biotic interactions, and environmental drivers such as water availability. Climate change will lead to increases in drought severity and frequency, but how canopy nutrients will respond to drought, and how these responses may vary with community composition along aridity gradients is poorly understood. We experimentally addressed this issue by reducing precipitation amounts by 66% during two consecutive growing seasons at three sites located along a natural aridity gradient. This allowed us to assess drought effects on canopy nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in arid and semiarid grasslands of northern China. Along the aridity gradient, canopy nutrient concentrations were positively related to aridity, with this pattern was driven primarily by species turnover (i.e., an increase in the relative biomass of N- and P-rich species with increasing aridity). In contrast, drought imposed experimentally increased N but decreased P concentrations in plant canopies. These changes were driven by the combined effects of species turnover and intraspecific variation in leaf nutrient concentrations. In addition, the sensitivity of canopy N and P concentrations to drought varied across the three sites. Canopy nutrient concentrations were less affected by drought at drier than wetter sites, because of the opposing effects of species turnover and intraspecific variation, as well as greater drought tolerance for nutrient-rich species. These contrasting effects of long-term aridity vs. short-term drought on canopy nutrient concentrations, as well as differing sensitivities among sites in the same grassland biome, highlight the challenge of predicting ecosystem responses to future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Luo
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164, China
| | - Xiaoan Zuo
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wang Ma
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164, China
| | - Chong Xu
- National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10008, China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10008, China
| | - Alan K Knapp
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology and Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, USA
| | - Roberto Tognetti
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università del Molise, Campobasso, 86090, Italy.,European Forest Institute (EFI) Project Centre on Mountain Forests (MOUNTFOR), San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Italy
| | - Feike A Dijkstra
- Sydney Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Mai-He Li
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164, China.,Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, CH-8903, Switzerland
| | - Guodong Han
- College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Zhengwen Wang
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164, China
| | - Xingguo Han
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164, China.,State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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15
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Petrie MD, Peters DPC, Yao J, Blair JM, Burruss ND, Collins SL, Derner JD, Gherardi LA, Hendrickson JR, Sala OE, Starks PJ, Steiner JL. Regional grassland productivity responses to precipitation during multiyear above- and below-average rainfall periods. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:1935-1951. [PMID: 29265568 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There is considerable uncertainty in the magnitude and direction of changes in precipitation associated with climate change, and ecosystem responses are also uncertain. Multiyear periods of above- and below-average rainfall may foretell consequences of changes in rainfall regime. We compiled long-term aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) and precipitation (PPT) data for eight North American grasslands, and quantified relationships between ANPP and PPT at each site, and in 1-3 year periods of above- and below-average rainfall for mesic, semiarid cool, and semiarid warm grassland types. Our objective was to improve understanding of ANPP dynamics associated with changing climatic conditions by contrasting PPT-ANPP relationships in above- and below-average PPT years to those that occurred during sequences of multiple above- and below-average years. We found differences in PPT-ANPP relationships in above- and below-average years compared to long-term site averages, and variation in ANPP not explained by PPT totals that likely are attributed to legacy effects. The correlation between ANPP and current- and prior-year conditions changed from year to year throughout multiyear periods, with some legacy effects declining, and new responses emerging. Thus, ANPP in a given year was influenced by sequences of conditions that varied across grassland types and climates. Most importantly, the influence of prior-year ANPP often increased with the length of multiyear periods, whereas the influence of the amount of current-year PPT declined. Although the mechanisms by which a directional change in the frequency of above- and below-average years imposes a persistent change in grassland ANPP require further investigation, our results emphasize the importance of legacy effects on productivity for sequences of above- vs. below-average years, and illustrate the utility of long-term data to examine these patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Petrie
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
- Jornada Basin LTER Program, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Debra P C Peters
- Jornada Basin LTER Program, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Jornada Experimental Range, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Jin Yao
- Jornada Basin LTER Program, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - John M Blair
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Nathan D Burruss
- Jornada Basin LTER Program, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Scott L Collins
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Justin D Derner
- United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Rangeland Resources and Systems Research Unit, Cheyenne, WY, USA
| | | | - John R Hendrickson
- United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory, Mandan, ND, USA
| | - Osvaldo E Sala
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Patrick J Starks
- United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Grazinglands Research Laboratory, El Reno, OK, USA
| | - Jean L Steiner
- United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Grazinglands Research Laboratory, El Reno, OK, USA
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16
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Tahmasebi F, Longstaffe FJ, Zazula G. Nitrogen isotopes suggest a change in nitrogen dynamics between the Late Pleistocene and modern time in Yukon, Canada. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192713. [PMID: 29447202 PMCID: PMC5813965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A magnificent repository of Late Pleistocene terrestrial megafauna fossils is contained in ice-rich loess deposits of Alaska and Yukon, collectively eastern Beringia. The stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope compositions of bone collagen from these fossils are routinely used to determine paleodiet and reconstruct the paleoecosystem. This approach requires consideration of changes in C- and N-isotope dynamics over time and their effects on the terrestrial vegetation isotopic baseline. To test for such changes between the Late Pleistocene and modern time, we compared δ13C and δ15N for vegetation and bone collagen and structural carbonate of some modern, Yukon, arctic ground squirrels with vegetation and bones from Late Pleistocene fossil arctic ground squirrel nests preserved in Yukon loess deposits. The isotopic discrimination between arctic ground squirrel bone collagen and their diet was measured using modern samples, as were isotopic changes during plant decomposition; Over-wintering decomposition of typical vegetation following senescence resulted in a minor change (~0-1 ‰) in δ13C of modern Yukon grasses. A major change (~2-10 ‰) in δ15N was measured for decomposing Yukon grasses thinly covered by loess. As expected, the collagen-diet C-isotope discrimination measured for modern samples confirms that modern vegetation δ13C is a suitable proxy for the Late Pleistocene vegetation in Yukon Territory, after correction for the Suess effect. The N-isotope composition of vegetation from the fossil arctic ground squirrel nests, however, is determined to be ~2.8 ‰ higher than modern grasslands in the region, after correction for decomposition effects. This result suggests a change in N dynamics in this region between the Late Pleistocene and modern time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnoush Tahmasebi
- Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fred J. Longstaffe
- Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grant Zazula
- Yukon Palaeontology Program, Department of Tourism & Culture, Government of Yukon, Whitehorse, Yukon Territory, Canada
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17
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Fu J, Gasche R, Wang N, Lu H, Butterbach-Bahl K, Kiese R. Impacts of climate and management on water balance and nitrogen leaching from montane grassland soils of S-Germany. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 229:119-131. [PMID: 28582675 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study water balance components as well as nitrogen and dissolved organic carbon leaching were quantified by means of large weighable grassland lysimeters at three sites (860, 770 and 600 m a.s.l.) for both intensive and extensive management. Our results show that at E600, the site with highest air temperature (8.6 °C) and lowest precipitation (981.9 mm), evapotranspiration losses were 100.7 mm higher as at the site (E860) with lowest mean annual air temperature (6.5 °C) and highest precipitation (1359.3 mm). Seepage water formation was substantially lower at E600 (-440.9 mm) as compared to E860. Compared to climate, impacts of management on water balance components were negligible. However, intensive management significantly increased total nitrogen leaching rates across sites as compared to extensive management from 2.6 kg N ha-1 year-1 (range: 0.5-6.0 kg N ha-1 year-1) to 4.8 kg N ha-1 year-1 (range: 0.9-12.9 kg N ha-1 year-1). N leaching losses were dominated by nitrate (64.7%) and less by ammonium (14.6%) and DON (20.7%). The low rates of N leaching (0.8-6.9% of total applied N) suggest a highly efficient nitrogen uptake by plants as measured by plant total N content at harvest. Moreover, plant uptake was often exceeding slurry application rates, suggesting further supply of N due to soil organic matter decomposition. The low risk of nitrate losses via leaching and surface runoff of cut grassland on non-sandy soils with vigorous grass growth may call for a careful site and region specific re-evaluation of fixed limits of N fertilization rates as defined by e.g. the German Fertilizer Ordinance following requirements set by the European Water Framework and Nitrates Directive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Fu
- Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Rainer Gasche
- Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Na Wang
- Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Haiyan Lu
- Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
- Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ralf Kiese
- Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.
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18
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Chen J, Nie Y, Liu W, Wang Z, Shen W. Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea Are More Resistant Than Denitrifiers to Seasonal Precipitation Changes in an Acidic Subtropical Forest Soil. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1384. [PMID: 28790990 PMCID: PMC5522861 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal precipitation changes are increasingly severe in subtropical areas. However, the responses of soil nitrogen (N) cycle and its associated functional microorganisms to such precipitation changes remain unclear. In this study, two projected precipitation patterns were manipulated: intensifying the dry-season drought (DD) and extending the dry-season duration (ED) but increasing the wet-season storms following the DD and ED treatment period. The effects of these two contrasting precipitation patterns on soil net N transformation rates and functional gene abundances were quantitatively assessed through a resistance index. Results showed that the resistance index of functional microbial abundance (-0.03 ± 0.08) was much lower than that of the net N transformation rate (0.55 ± 0.02) throughout the experiment, indicating that microbial abundance was more responsive to precipitation changes compared with the N transformation rate. Spring drought under the ED treatment significantly increased the abundances of both nitrifying (amoA) and denitrifying genes (nirK, nirS, and nosZ), while changes in these gene abundances overlapped largely with control treatment during droughts in the dry season. Interestingly, the resistance index of the ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) amoA abundance was significantly higher than that of the denitrifying gene abundances, suggesting that AOA were more resistant to the precipitation changes. This was attributed to the stronger environmental adaptability and higher resource utilization efficiency of the AOA community, as indicated by the lack of correlations between AOA gene abundance and environmental factors [i.e., soil water content, ammonium (NH4+) and dissolved organic carbon concentrations] during the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China.,College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China.,Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of GöttingenGöttingen, Germany
| | - Yanxia Nie
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Zhengfeng Wang
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Weijun Shen
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
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19
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Vandegehuchte ML, Sylvain ZA, Reichmann LG, de Tomasel CM, Nielsen UN, Wall DH, Sala OE. Responses of a desert nematode community to changes in water availability. Ecosphere 2015. [DOI: 10.1890/es14-00319.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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20
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Reichmann LG, Sala OE, Peters DPC. Precipitation legacies in desert grassland primary production occur through previous-year tiller density. Ecology 2013; 94:435-43. [PMID: 23691662 DOI: 10.1890/12-1237.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In arid ecosystems, current-year precipitation often explains only a small proportion of annual aboveground net primary production (ANPP). We hypothesized that lags in the response of ecosystems to changes in water availability explain this low explanatory power, and that lags result from legacies from transitions from dry to wet years or the reverse. We explored five hypotheses regarding the magnitude of legacies, two possible mechanisms, and the differential effect of previous dry or wet years on the legacy magnitude. We used a three-year manipulative experiment with five levels of rainfall in the first two years (-80% and -50% reduced annual precipitation (PPT), ambient, +50% and +80% increased PPT), and reversed treatments in year 3. Legacies of previous two years, which were dry or wet, accounted for a large fraction (20%) of interannual variability in production on year 3. Legacies in ANPP were similar in absolute value for both types of precipitation transitions, and their magnitude was a function of the difference between previous and current-year precipitation. Tiller density accounted for 40% of legacy variability, while nitrogen and carryover water availability showed no effect. Understanding responses to changes in interannual precipitation will assist in assessing ecosystem responses to climate change-induced increases in precipitation variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara G Reichmann
- School of Life Sciences and School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-4501, USA.
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