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Scharf I. Search patterns, resource regeneration, and ambush locations impact the competition between active and ambush predators. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2024; 1536:122-134. [PMID: 38861340 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Many predators ambush prey rather than pursue them or shift between foraging modes. Active predators typically encounter prey more frequently than ambush predators. I designed a simulation model to examine whether this always holds and how active and ambush predators fare in capturing mobile prey. Prey foraged for clumped resources using area-restricted search, shifting from directional movement before resource encounter to less directional movement afterward. While active predators succeeded more than ambush predators, the advantage of active predators diminished when ambush predators were positioned inside resource patches rather than outside. I investigated the impact of eight treatments and their interactions. For example, regeneration of prey resources increased the difference between ambush predators inside and outside patches, and uncertain prey capture by predators decreased this difference. Several interactions resulted in outcomes different from each factor in isolation. For instance, reducing the directionality level of active predators impacted moderately when applied alone, but when combined with resource regeneration it led to the worst success of active predators against ambush predators inside patches. Ambush predators may not always be inferior to active predators, and one should consider the key traits of the studied system to predict the relative success of these two foraging modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inon Scharf
- School of Zoology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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2
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Bakner NW, Ulrey EE, Collier BA, Chamberlain MJ. Prospecting during egg laying informs incubation recess movements of eastern wild turkeys. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2024; 12:4. [PMID: 38229127 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-024-00451-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Central place foragers must acquire resources and return to a central location after foraging bouts. During the egg laying (hereafter laying) period, females are constrained to a nest location, thus they must familiarize themselves with resources available within their incubation ranges after nest site selection. Use of prospecting behaviors by individuals to obtain knowledge and identify profitable (e.g., resource rich) locations on the landscape can impact demographic outcomes. As such, prospecting has been used to evaluate nest site quality both before and during the reproductive period for a variety of species. METHODS Using GPS data collected from female eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) across the southeastern United States, we evaluated if prospecting behaviors were occurring during laying and what landcover factors influenced prospecting. Specifically, we quantified areas prospected during the laying period using a cluster analysis and the return frequency (e.g., recess movements) to clustered laying patches (150-m diameter buffer around a clustered laying period location) during the incubation period. RESULTS The average proportion of recess movements to prospected locations was 56.9%. Nest fate was positively influenced (μ of posterior distribution with 95% credible 0.19, 0.06-0.37, probability of direction = 99.8%) by the number of patches (90-m diameter buffer around a clustered laying period location) a female visited during incubation recesses. Females selected for areas closer to the nest site, secondary roads, hardwood forest, mixed pine-hardwood forest, water, and shrub/scrub, whereas they avoided pine forest and open-treeless areas. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that having a diverse suite of clustered laying patches to support incubation recesses is impactful to nest fate. As such, local conditions within prospected locations during incubation may be key to successful reproductive output by wild turkeys. We suggest that prospecting could be important to other phenological periods. Furthermore, future research should evaluate how prospecting for brood-rearing locations may occur before or during the incubation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W Bakner
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - Erin E Ulrey
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Bret A Collier
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Michael J Chamberlain
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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3
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Bakner NW, Collier BA, Chamberlain MJ. Behavioral-dependent recursive movements and implications for resource selection. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16632. [PMID: 37789205 PMCID: PMC10547709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43907-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Within home ranges, animals repeatedly visit certain areas. Recursive movement patterns are widespread throughout the animal kingdom, but are rarely considered when developing resource selection models. We examined how behavioral state-dependent recursive movements influenced reource selection of eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) broods as they aged from day 1 to 28. Because broods become more plastic in behaviors once they begin roosting off the ground, we separated data into broods that were ground roosting (1-13 days) and tree roosting (14-28 days). We used Hidden Markov Models to identify 2 behavioral states (restricted and mobile). We extracted state-specific recursive movements based on states and specific step lengths, which we integrated into a step selection analysis to evaluate resource selection. We found that in a restricted state, ground roosting broods spent less time in areas of mixed pine-hardwoods and more time in areas with greater vegetation density. Tree roosting broods revisited areas closer to shrub/scrub landcover types, and areas with greater vegetation density. Tree roosting broods also spent less time near mixed pine-hardwoods, while spending more time in areas with greater vegetation density. We found that in a mobile state, ground roosting broods revisited areas closer to secondary roads and mixed pine-hardwoods, but farther from hardwoods. Tree roosting broods revisited areas farther from secondary roads and with greater vegetation density. Tree roosting broods also spent more time in areas closer to pine. Resource selection varied depending on behavioral state and recursive movements. However, revisitation and residence time impacted selection in both ground and tree roosting broods. Our findings highlight the need to consider how behaviors can influence movement decisions and ultimately resource selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W Bakner
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - Bret A Collier
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Michael J Chamberlain
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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Becciu P, Séchaud R, Schalcher K, Plancherel C, Roulin A. Prospecting movements link phenotypic traits to female annual potential fitness in a nocturnal predator. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5071. [PMID: 36977731 PMCID: PMC10050157 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent biologging technology reveals hidden life and breeding strategies of nocturnal animals. Combining animal movement patterns with individual characteristics and landscape features can uncover meaningful behaviours that directly influence fitness. Consequently, defining the proximate mechanisms and adaptive value of the identified behaviours is of paramount importance. Breeding female barn owls (Tyto alba), a colour-polymorphic species, recurrently visit other nest boxes at night. We described and quantified this behaviour for the first time, linking it with possible drivers, and individual fitness. We GPS-equipped 178 female barn owls and 122 male partners from 2016 to 2020 in western Switzerland during the chick rearing phase. We observed that 111 (65%) of the tracked breeding females were (re)visiting nest boxes while still carrying out their first brood. We modelled their prospecting parameters as a function of brood-, individual- and partner-related variables and found that female feather eumelanism predicted the emergence of prospecting behaviour (less melanic females are usually prospecting). More importantly we found that increasing male parental investment (e.g., feeding rate) increased female prospecting efforts. Ultimately, females would (re)visit a nest more often if they had used it in the past and were more likely to lay a second clutch afterwards, consequently having higher annual fecundity than non-prospecting females. Despite these apparent immediate benefits, they did not fledge more chicks. Through biologging and long-term field monitoring, we highlight how phenotypic traits (melanism and parental investment) can be related to movement patterns and the annual potential reproductive output (fecundity) of female barn owls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Becciu
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Robin Séchaud
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kim Schalcher
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Plancherel
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Roulin
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Barker NA, Joubert FG, Kasaona M, Shatumbu G, Stowbunenko V, Alexander KA, Slotow R, Getz WM. Coursing hyenas and stalking lions: The potential for inter- and intraspecific interactions. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0265054. [PMID: 36735747 PMCID: PMC9897591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Resource partitioning promotes coexistence among guild members, and carnivores reduce interference competition through behavioral mechanisms that promote spatio-temporal separation. We analyzed sympatric lion and spotted hyena movements and activity patterns to ascertain the mechanisms facilitating their coexistence within semi-arid and wetland ecosystems. We identified recurrent high-use (revisitation) and extended stay (duration) areas within home ranges, as well as correlated movement-derived measures of inter- and intraspecific interactions with environmental variables. Spatial overlaps among lions and hyenas expanded during the wet season, and occurred at edges of home ranges, around water-points, along pathways between patches of high-use areas. Lions shared more of their home ranges with spotted hyenas in arid ecosystems, but shared more of their ranges with conspecifics in mesic environments. Despite shared space use, we found evidence for subtle temporal differences in the nocturnal movement and activity patterns between the two predators, suggesting a fine localized-scale avoidance strategy. Revisitation frequency and duration within home ranges were influenced by interspecific interactions, after land cover categories and diel cycles. Intraspecific interactions were also important for lions and, important for hyenas were moon illumination and ungulates attracted to former anthrax carcass sites in Etosha, with distance to water in Chobe/Linyanti. Recursion and duration according to locales of competitor probabilities were similar among female lions and both sexes of hyenas, but different for male lions. Our results suggest that lions and spotted hyenas mediate the potential for interference competition through subtle differences in temporal activity, fine-scale habitat use differentiation, and localized reactive-avoidance behaviors. These findings enhance our understanding of the potential effects of interspecific interactions among large carnivore space-use patterns within an apex predator system and show adaptability across heterogeneous and homogeneous environments. Future conservation plans should emphasize the importance of inter- and intraspecific competition within large carnivore communities, particularly moderating such effects within increasingly fragmented landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy A. Barker
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Marthin Kasaona
- Etosha Ecological Institute, Ministry of Environment and Tourism, Okaukeujo, Namibia
| | - Gabriel Shatumbu
- Etosha Ecological Institute, Ministry of Environment and Tourism, Okaukeujo, Namibia
| | - Vincent Stowbunenko
- Department of Computer Science, San José State University, San Jose, California, United States of America
| | - Kathleen A. Alexander
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Rob Slotow
- Oppenheimer Fellow in Functional Ecology, Centre for Functional Ecology, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Wayne M. Getz
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Picardi S, Abrahms B, Gelzer E, Morrison TA, Verzuh T, Merkle JA. Defining null expectations for animal site fidelity. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:157-169. [PMID: 36453059 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Site fidelity-the tendency to return to previously visited locations-is widespread across taxa. Returns may be driven by several mechanisms, including memory, habitat selection, or chance; however, pattern-based definitions group different generating mechanisms under the same label of 'site fidelity', often assuming memory as the main driver. We propose an operational definition of site fidelity as patterns of return that deviate from a null expectation derived from a memory-free movement model. First, using agent-based simulations, we show that without memory, intrinsic movement characteristics and extrinsic landscape characteristics are key determinants of return patterns and that even random movements may generate substantial probabilities of return. Second, we illustrate how to implement our framework empirically to establish ecologically meaningful, system-specific null expectations for site fidelity. Our approach provides a conceptual and operational framework to test hypotheses on site fidelity across systems and scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Picardi
- Department of Wildland Resources, Jack H. Berryman Institute, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Briana Abrahms
- Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Emily Gelzer
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
| | - Thomas A Morrison
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tana Verzuh
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
| | - Jerod A Merkle
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
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Manning JC. Movement, Space Use, and the Responses of Coral Reef Fish to Climate Change. Integr Comp Biol 2022; 62:1725-1733. [PMID: 35883230 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icac128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change and other localized stressors have led to the widespread degradation of coral reefs, characterized by losses of live coral, reduced structural complexity, and shifts in benthic community composition. These changes have altered the composition of reef fish assemblages with important consequences for ecosystem function. Animal movement and space use are critically important to population dynamics, community assembly, and species coexistence. In this perspective, I discuss how studies of reef fish movement and space use could help us to elucidate the effects of climate change on reef fish assemblages and the functions they provide. In addition to describing how reef fish space use relates to resource abundance and the intrinsic characteristics of reef fish (e.g., body size), we should begin to take a mechanistic approach to understanding movement in reef fish and to investigate the role of movement in mediating species interactions on coral reefs. Technological advances in animal tracking and biotelemetry, as well as methodological advances in the analysis of movement, will aid in this endeavor. Baseline studies of reef fish movement and space use and their effect on community assembly and species coexistence will provide us with important information for predicting how climate change will influence reef fish assemblages.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Manning
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida State University, 319 Stadium Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4295, USA
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8
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Youngmann JL, Hinton JW, Bakner NW, Chamberlain MJ, D'Angelo GJ. Recursive use of home ranges and seasonal shifts in foraging behavior by a generalist carnivore. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9540. [PMCID: PMC9685673 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Coyotes (Canis latrans) colonized the southeastern United States over the last century as large predators, including the red wolf (Canis rufus) and eastern cougar (Puma concolor), were extirpated from the region. As a generalist carnivore, the coyote preys on white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and various smaller mammals, birds, and vegetation. While resource selection by coyotes has been well documented at the home‐range scale, little is known about their foraging behavior, which is an important factor in thoroughly understanding influences of coyotes on prey and sympatric carnivores. We assessed third‐order resource selection of coyotes at sites across Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina during 2015–2016. Using GPS collars, we tracked 41 resident coyotes across four calendar seasons and identified suspected foraging areas using recursive analysis where individuals repeatedly returned to known locations. We found that resident coyotes selected for open landcover types throughout the year, while avoiding primary and secondary roads. Additionally, resident coyotes avoided forested landcover types while selecting for forest edges except from April to June when they foraged within interior forest away from edges. Previous studies have documented substantive predation rates on white‐tailed deer neonates by coyotes, and that fawn mortality may increase in forested landscapes away from forest edge. Our findings indicate that foraging coyotes may select forest cover types during spring where fawns are more vulnerable to predation. Additionally, there has been debate in the literature as to how coyotes obtain consistent levels of deer in their diets outside of fawning and fall hunting seasons. Our study indicates that use of road‐kill carcasses by coyotes was an unlikely explanation for the presence of deer in coyote diets throughout the year, as coyotes in our study were not observed using roads during foraging excursions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan L. Youngmann
- Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | | | - Nicholas W. Bakner
- Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Michael J. Chamberlain
- Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Gino J. D'Angelo
- Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
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Swinkels C, van der Wal JEM, Stinn C, Monteza-Moreno CM, Jansen PA. Prey tracking and predator avoidance in a Neotropical moist forest: a camera-trapping approach. J Mammal 2022; 104:137-145. [PMID: 37077314 PMCID: PMC10107427 DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyac091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Whether prey species avoid predators and predator species track prey is a poorly understood aspect of predator–prey interactions, given measuring prey tracking by predators and predator avoidance by prey is challenging. A common approach to study these interactions among mammals in field situations is to monitor the spatial proximity of animals at fixed times, using GPS tags fitted to individuals. However, this method is invasive and only allows tracking of a subset of individuals. Here, we use an alternative, noninvasive camera-trapping approach to monitor temporal proximity of predator and prey animals. We deployed camera traps at fixed locations on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, where the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) is the principal mammalian predator, and tested two hypotheses: (1) prey animals avoid ocelots; and (2) ocelots track prey. We quantified temporal proximity of predators and prey by fitting parametric survival models to the time intervals between subsequent prey and predator captures by camera traps, and then compared the observed intervals to random permutations that retained the spatiotemporal distribution of animal activity. We found that time until a prey animal appeared at a location was significantly longer than expected by chance if an ocelot had passed, and that the time until an ocelot appeared at a location was significantly shorter than expected by chance after prey passage. These findings are indirect evidence for both predator avoidance and prey tracking in this system. Our results show that predator avoidance and prey tracking influence predator and prey distribution over time in a field setting. Moreover, this study demonstrates that camera trapping is a viable and noninvasive alternative to GPS tracking for studying certain predator–prey interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constant Swinkels
- Wildlife Ecology & Conservation, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University , 6708 PB Wageningen , The Netherlands
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , Balboa, Ancón 0843-03092 , Republic of Panama
- Plant Ecology and Physiology, Radboud University , 6525 AW Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Jessica E M van der Wal
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town , Cape Town 7701 , South Africa
| | - Christina Stinn
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , Balboa, Ancón 0843-03092 , Republic of Panama
- Department of Conservation Biology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , 37073 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Claudio M Monteza-Moreno
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , Balboa, Ancón 0843-03092 , Republic of Panama
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior , 78315 Konstanz , Germany
| | - Patrick A Jansen
- Wildlife Ecology & Conservation, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University , 6708 PB Wageningen , The Netherlands
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , Balboa, Ancón 0843-03092 , Republic of Panama
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10
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Crowther MS, Rus AI, Mella VSA, Krockenberger MB, Lindsay J, Moore BD, McArthur C. Patch quality and habitat fragmentation shape the foraging patterns of a specialist folivore. Behav Ecol 2022; 33:1007-1017. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arac068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Research on use of foraging patches has focused on why herbivores visit or quit patches, yet little is known about visits to patches over time. Food quality, as reflected by higher nutritional quality and lower plant defenses, and physical patch characteristics, which offer protection from predators and weather, affect patch use and hence should influence their revisitation. Due to the potentially high costs of moving between patches, fragmented habitats are predicted to complicate foraging decisions of many animals. We aimed to determine how food quality, shelter availability and habitat fragmentation influence tree reuse by a specialist folivore, the koala, in a fragmented agricultural landscape. We GPS-tracked 23 koalas in northern New South Wales, Australia and collated number of revisits, average residence time, and average time-to-return to each tree. We measured tree characteristics including food quality (foliar nitrogen and toxic formylated phloroglucinol compounds, FPCs concentrations), tree size, and tree connectedness. We also modeled the costs of locomotion between trees. Koalas re-visited isolated trees with high leaf nitrogen disproportionately often. They spent longer time in trees with high leaf nitrogen, and in large trees used for shelter. They took longer to return to trees with low leaf nitrogen. Tree connectivity reduced travel costs between patches, being either individual or groups of trees. FPC levels had no detectable effect on patch revisitation. We conclude that food quality and shelter drive koala tree re-visits. Scattered, isolated trees with nutrient-rich leaves are valuable resource patches for koalas despite movement costs to reach them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew S Crowther
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - Adrian I Rus
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - Valentina S A Mella
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006 , Australia
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - Mark B Krockenberger
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006 , Australia
- The Westmead Institute for Medical Research , 176 Hawkesbury Road, Westmead, New South Wales 2145 , Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute for Emerging Infectious diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney , 176 Hawkesbury Road, Westmead, New South Wales 2145 , Australia
| | - Jasmine Lindsay
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - Ben D Moore
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University , Richmond, New South Wales 2753 , Australia
| | - Clare McArthur
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006 , Australia
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11
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Bakner NW, Cohen BS, Collier BA, Chamberlain MJ. Recursive movements of eastern wild turkey broods in the southeastern United States. WILDLIFE SOC B 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W. Bakner
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens 30602 GA USA
| | - Bradley S. Cohen
- College of Arts and Science Tennessee Technological University Cookeville 38505 TN USA
| | - Bret A. Collier
- School of Renewable Natural Resources Louisiana State University Baton Rouge 70803 LA USA
| | - Michael J. Chamberlain
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens 30602 GA USA
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12
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Vilk O, Campos D, Méndez V, Lourie E, Nathan R, Assaf M. Phase Transition in a Non-Markovian Animal Exploration Model with Preferential Returns. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:148301. [PMID: 35476490 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.148301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We study a non-Markovian and nonstationary model of animal mobility incorporating both exploration and memory in the form of preferential returns. Exact results for the probability of visiting a given number of sites are derived and a practical WKB approximation to treat the nonstationary problem is developed. A mean-field version of this model, first suggested by Song et al., [Modelling the scaling properties of human mobility, Nat. Phys. 6, 818 (2010)NPAHAX1745-247310.1038/nphys1760] was shown to well describe human movement data. We show that our generalized model adequately describes empirical movement data of Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) when accounting for interindividual variation in the population. We also study the probability of visiting any site a given number of times and derive a mean-field equation. Our analysis yields a remarkable phase transition occurring at preferential returns which scale linearly with past visits. Following empirical evidence, we suggest that this phase transition reflects a trade-off between extensive and intensive foraging modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ohad Vilk
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- Movement Ecology Lab, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- Minerva Center for Movement Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Daniel Campos
- Grup de Física Estadística, Dept. de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Vicenç Méndez
- Grup de Física Estadística, Dept. de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Emmanuel Lourie
- Movement Ecology Lab, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- Minerva Center for Movement Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ran Nathan
- Movement Ecology Lab, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- Minerva Center for Movement Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Michael Assaf
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- Institute for Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
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Bista D, Baxter GS, Hudson NJ, Lama ST, Weerman J, Murray PJ. Space use, interaction and recursion in a solitary specialized herbivore: a red panda case study. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2022. [DOI: 10.3354/esr01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Better understanding of ecology is crucial for the success of endangered species conservation programmes. Little information is available on space use, conspecific interactions and recursions by one such species, the red panda Ailurus fulgens. To address this deficiency, we used GPS telemetry to examine their home range, core area, home-range overlap, dynamic interactions and recursive movement, and investigated the effect of sex, age and body mass on these behaviours across seasons. The median annual home range size was 1.41 km2, with nearly a quarter of this range being used as the core area. Sex and reproductive status were the key determinants of space use patterns on a seasonal scale, while body mass and age remained significant correlates for the core area. The home range of males was nearly double that of females, likely because of the polygynous mating system in red pandas. Females avoided overlapping home ranges, while males overlapped home range with up to 4 females, and neighbouring males overlapped nearly half of their ranges. We found rare interactions between males and females outside the mating season. Red pandas showed site fidelity within their territory, with seasonal variation across sex classes. We also observed high individual variation in patterns of both space use and recursive movement. Taken together, these results suggest that differences in biological requirements across seasons determine red panda space use patterns, conspecific interactions and recursion. However, forage availability and quality, climatic factors, disturbances and habitat fragmentation are also likely to influence these behaviours, and these factors need to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bista
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences (Wildlife Science Unit), The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - GS Baxter
- School of Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West St, Darling Heights, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - NJ Hudson
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences (Wildlife Science Unit), The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - ST Lama
- Red Panda Network, Baluwatar, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - J Weerman
- Royal Rotterdam Zoological & Botanical Gardens, Postbus 532, 3000 AM Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - PJ Murray
- School of Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West St, Darling Heights, QLD 4350, Australia
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14
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Ranc N, Cagnacci F, Moorcroft PR. Memory drives the formation of animal home ranges: Evidence from a reintroduction. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:716-728. [PMID: 35099847 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Most animals live in home ranges, and memory is thought to be an important process in their formation. However, a general memory-based model for characterising and predicting home range emergence has been lacking. Here, we use a mechanistic movement model to: (1) quantify the role of memory in the movements of a large mammal reintroduced into a novel environment, and (2) predict observed patterns of home range emergence in this experimental setting. We show that an interplay between memory and resource preferences is the primary process influencing the movements of reintroduced roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Our memory-based model fitted with empirical data successfully predicts the formation of home ranges, as well as emergent properties of movement and spatial revisitation observed in the reintroduced animals. These results provide a mechanistic framework for combining memory-based movements, resource preferences, and the formation of home ranges in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Ranc
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Francesca Cagnacci
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Paul R Moorcroft
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Thompson PR, Derocher AE, Edwards MA, Lewis MA. Detecting seasonal episodic‐like spatio‐temporal memory patterns using animal movement modelling. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Thompson
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Andrew E. Derocher
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Mark A. Edwards
- Mammalogy Department Royal Alberta Museum Edmonton AB Canada
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Mark A. Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
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16
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Keep calm and carry on: reactive indifference to predator encounters by a gregarious prey species. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Lourie E, Schiffner I, Toledo S, Nathan R. Memory and Conformity, but Not Competition, Explain Spatial Partitioning Between Two Neighboring Fruit Bat Colonies. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.732514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial partitioning between neighboring colonies is considered a widespread phenomenon in colonial species, reported mainly in marine birds. Partitioning is suspected to emerge due to various processes, such as competition, diet specialization, memory, information transfer, or even “foraging cultures.” Yet, empirical evidence from other taxa, and studies that tease apart the relative contribution of the processes underlying partitioning, remain scarce, mostly due to insufficiently detailed movement data. Here, we used high-resolution movement tracks (at 0.125 Hz) of 107 individuals belonging to two neighboring colonies of the Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus), a highly gregarious central-place forager, using the ATLAS reverse-GPS system in the Hula Valley, Israel. Based on comparisons between agent-based mechanistic models and observed spatial partitioning patterns, we found high levels of partitioning of both area and tree resources (<11% overlap) that were stable across different fruiting seasons. Importantly, partitioning could not have emerged if the bats’ movement was only limited by food availability and travel distances, as most commonly hypothesized. Rather than density-dependent or between-colony competition, memory, and, to a lesser extent, conformity in tree-use explain how partitioning develops. Elucidating the mechanisms that shape spatial partitioning among neighboring colonies in the wild under variable resource conditions is important for understanding the ecology and evolution of inter-group coexistence, space use patterns and sociality.
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18
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Kashetsky T, Avgar T, Dukas R. The Cognitive Ecology of Animal Movement: Evidence From Birds and Mammals. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.724887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognition, defined as the processes concerned with the acquisition, retention and use of information, underlies animals’ abilities to navigate their local surroundings, embark on long-distance seasonal migrations, and socially learn information relevant to movement. Hence, in order to fully understand and predict animal movement, researchers must know the cognitive mechanisms that generate such movement. Work on a few model systems indicates that most animals possess excellent spatial learning and memory abilities, meaning that they can acquire and later recall information about distances and directions among relevant objects. Similarly, field work on several species has revealed some of the mechanisms that enable them to navigate over distances of up to several thousand kilometers. Key behaviors related to movement such as the choice of nest location, home range location and migration route are often affected by parents and other conspecifics. In some species, such social influence leads to the formation of aggregations, which in turn may lead to further social learning about food locations or other resources. Throughout the review, we note a variety of topics at the interface of cognition and movement that invite further investigation. These include the use of social information embedded in trails, the likely important roles of soundscapes and smellscapes, the mechanisms that large mammals rely on for long-distance migration, and the effects of expertise acquired over extended periods.
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19
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Smetzer JR, Paxton KL, Paxton EH. Individual and seasonal variation in the movement behavior of two tropical nectarivorous birds. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2021; 9:36. [PMID: 34233764 PMCID: PMC8264974 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-021-00275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Movement of animals directly affects individual fitness, yet fine spatial and temporal resolution movement behavior has been studied in relatively few small species, particularly in the tropics. Nectarivorous Hawaiian honeycreepers are believed to be highly mobile throughout the year, but their fine-scale movement patterns remain unknown. The movement behavior of these crucial pollinators has important implications for forest ecology, and for mortality from avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum), an introduced disease that does not occur in high-elevation forests where Hawaiian honeycreepers primarily breed. METHODS We used an automated radio telemetry network to track the movement of two Hawaiian honeycreeper species, the 'apapane (Himatione sanguinea) and 'i'iwi (Drepanis coccinea). We collected high temporal and spatial resolution data across the annual cycle. We identified movement strategies using a multivariate analysis of movement metrics and assessed seasonal changes in movement behavior. RESULTS Both species exhibited multiple movement strategies including sedentary, central place foraging, commuting, and nomadism , and these movement strategies occurred simultaneously across the population. We observed a high degree of intraspecific variability at the individual and population level. The timing of the movement strategies corresponded well with regional bloom patterns of 'ōhi'a (Metrosideros polymorpha) the primary nectar source for the focal species. Birds made long-distance flights, including multi-day forays outside the tracking array, but exhibited a high degree of fidelity to a core use area, even in the non-breeding period. Both species visited elevations where avian malaria can occur but exhibited little seasonal change in elevation (< 150 m) and regularly returned to high-elevation roosts at night. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the power of automated telemetry to study complex and fine-scale movement behaviors in rugged tropical environments. Our work reveals a system in which birds can track shifting resources using a diverse set of movement behaviors and can facultatively respond to environmental change. Importantly, fidelity to high-elevation roosting sites minimizes nocturnal exposure to avian malaria for far-ranging individuals and is thus a beneficial behavior that may be under high selection pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Smetzer
- Hawai'i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, PO Box 44, Hawai'i National Park, HI, 96718, USA.
| | - Kristina L Paxton
- Hawai'i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, PO Box 44, Hawai'i National Park, HI, 96718, USA
| | - Eben H Paxton
- U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, PO Box 44, Hawai'i National Park, HI, 96718, USA
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20
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Janmaat KRL, de Guinea M, Collet J, Byrne RW, Robira B, van Loon E, Jang H, Biro D, Ramos-Fernández G, Ross C, Presotto A, Allritz M, Alavi S, Van Belle S. Using natural travel paths to infer and compare primate cognition in the wild. iScience 2021; 24:102343. [PMID: 33997670 PMCID: PMC8101046 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Within comparative psychology, the evolution of animal cognition is typically studied either by comparing indirect measures of cognitive abilities (e.g., relative brain size) across many species or by conducting batteries of decision-making experiments among (typically) a few captive species. Here, we propose a third, complementary approach: inferring and comparing cognitive abilities through observational field records of natural information gradients and the associated variation in decision-making outcomes, using the ranging behavior of wild animals. To demonstrate the feasibility of our proposal, we present the results of a global survey assessing the availability of long-term ranging data sets from wild primates and the willingness of primatologists to share such data. We explore three ways in which such ranging data, with or without the associated behavioral and ecological data often collected by primatologists, might be used to infer and compare spatial cognition. Finally, we suggest how ecological complexity may be best incorporated into comparative analyses. Comparing animal ranging decisions in natural habitats has untapped potential How decisions vary with natural information gradients reveals wild animal cognition Ranging data on at least 164 populations of 105 wild primate species are available We present three thought analyses to compare cognition and explain its evolution
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Affiliation(s)
- Karline R L Janmaat
- Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.,ARTIS Amsterdam Royal zoo, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Miguel de Guinea
- Department of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Julien Collet
- Oxford Navigation Group, Department of Zoology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard W Byrne
- Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrew, UK.,Scottish Primate Research Group, Scotland, UK
| | - Benjamin Robira
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Eco-anthropologie, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Emiel van Loon
- Theoretical and Computational Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Haneul Jang
- Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dora Biro
- Oxford Navigation Group, Department of Zoology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, USA
| | - Gabriel Ramos-Fernández
- Department of Mathematical Modelling of Social Systems, Institute for Research on Applied Mathematics and Systems, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cody Ross
- Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea Presotto
- Department of Geography and Geosciences, Salisbury University, Salisbury, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Allritz
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK
| | - Shauhin Alavi
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour, Konstanz, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Sarie Van Belle
- Department of Anthropology, University of Austin at Texas, Austin, TX, USA
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21
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Lajos K, Samu F, Bihaly ÁD, Fülöp D, Sárospataki M. Landscape structure affects the sunflower visiting frequency of insect pollinators. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8147. [PMID: 33854143 PMCID: PMC8046751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87650-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass-flowering crop monocultures, like sunflower, cannot harbour a permanent pollinator community. Their pollination is best secured if both managed honey bees and wild pollinators are present in the agricultural landscape. Semi-natural habitats are known to be the main foraging and nesting areas of wild pollinators, thus benefiting their populations, whereas crops flowering simultaneously may competitively dilute pollinator densities. In our study we asked how landscape structure affects major pollinator groups’ visiting frequency on 36 focal sunflower fields, hypothesising that herbaceous semi-natural (hSNH) and sunflower patches in the landscape neighbourhood will have a scale-dependent effect. We found that an increasing area and/or dispersion of hSNH areas enhanced the visitation of all pollinator groups. These positive effects were scale-dependent and corresponded well with the foraging ranges of the observed bee pollinators. In contrast, an increasing edge density of neighbouring sunflower fields resulted in considerably lower visiting frequencies of wild bees. Our results clearly indicate that the pollination of sunflower is dependent on the composition and configuration of the agricultural landscape. We conclude that an optimization of the pollination can be achieved if sufficient amount of hSNH areas with good dispersion are provided and mass flowering crops do not over-dominate the agricultural landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Károly Lajos
- Department of Zoology and Ecology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly utca 1, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Samu
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, 1022, Hungary.
| | - Áron Domonkos Bihaly
- Department of Zoology and Ecology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly utca 1, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary
| | - Dávid Fülöp
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, 1022, Hungary
| | - Miklós Sárospataki
- Department of Zoology and Ecology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly utca 1, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary
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22
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Native Burmese pythons exhibit site fidelity and preference for aquatic habitats in an agricultural mosaic. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7014. [PMID: 33782524 PMCID: PMC8007826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86640-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal movement and resource use are tightly linked. Investigating these links to understand how animals use space and select habitats is especially relevant in areas affected by habitat fragmentation and agricultural conversion. We set out to explore the space use and habitat selection of Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus) in a heterogenous, agricultural landscape within the Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve, northeast Thailand. We used VHF telemetry to record the daily locations of seven Burmese pythons and created dynamic Brownian Bridge Movement Models to produce occurrence distributions and model movement extent and temporal patterns. To explore relationships between movement and habitat selection we used integrated step selection functions at both the individual and population level. Burmese pythons had a mean 99% occurrence distribution contour of 98.97 ha (range 9.05–285.56 ha). Furthermore, our results indicated that Burmese pythons had low mean individual motion variance, indicating infrequent moves and long periods at a single location. In general, Burmese pythons restricted movement and selected aquatic habitats but did not avoid potentially dangerous land use types like human settlements. Although our sample is small, we suggest that Burmese pythons are capitalizing on human disturbed landscapes.
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23
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de Guinea M, Estrada A, Janmaat KR, Nekaris KAI, Van Belle S. Disentangling the importance of social and ecological information in goal-directed movements in a wild primate. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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24
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López-López P, Perona AM, Egea-Casas O, Morant J, Urios V. Tri-axial accelerometry shows differences in energy expenditure and parental effort throughout the breeding season in long-lived raptors. Curr Zool 2021; 68:57-67. [PMID: 35169629 PMCID: PMC8836325 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutting-edge technologies are extremely useful to develop new workflows in studying ecological data, particularly to understand animal behavior and movement trajectories at the individual level. Although parental care is a well-studied phenomenon, most studies have been focused on direct observational or video recording data, as well as experimental manipulation. Therefore, what happens out of our sight still remains unknown. Using high-frequency GPS/GSM dataloggers and tri-axial accelerometers we monitored 25 Bonelli’s eagles Aquila fasciata during the breeding season to understand parental activities from a broader perspective. We used recursive data, measured as number of visits and residence time, to reveal nest attendance patterns of biparental care with role specialization between sexes. Accelerometry data interpreted as the overall dynamic body acceleration, a proxy of energy expenditure, showed strong differences in parental effort throughout the breeding season and between sexes. Thereby, males increased substantially their energetic requirements, due to the increased workload, while females spent most of the time on the nest. Furthermore, during critical phases of the breeding season, a low percentage of suitable hunting spots in eagles’ territories led them to increase their ranging behavior in order to find food, with important consequences in energy consumption and mortality risk. Our results highlight the crucial role of males in raptor species exhibiting biparental care. Finally, we exemplify how biologging technologies are an adequate and objective method to study parental care in raptors as well as to get deeper insight into breeding ecology of birds in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascual López-López
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia. C/Catedrático José, Beltrán 2, E-46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Arturo M Perona
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia. C/Catedrático José, Beltrán 2, E-46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Egea-Casas
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia. C/Catedrático José, Beltrán 2, E-46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jon Morant
- Department of Ornithology, Aranzadi Sciences Society, Donostia-S. Sebastián, Guipúzcoa 03690, Spain
| | - Vicente Urios
- Vertebrates Zoology Research Group, University of Alicante, Apdo. 99, Alicante E-03080, Spain
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25
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Schloesing E, Chambon R, Tran A, Choden K, Ravon S, Epstein JH, Hoem T, Furey N, Labadie M, Bourgarel M, De Nys HM, Caron A, Cappelle J. Patterns of foraging activity and fidelity in a southeast Asian flying fox. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2020; 8:46. [PMID: 33292573 PMCID: PMC7652672 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-020-00232-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improved understanding of the foraging ecology of bats in the face of ongoing habitat loss and modification worldwide is essential to their conservation and maintaining the substantial ecosystem services they provide. It is also fundamental to assessing potential transmission risks of zoonotic pathogens in human-wildlife interfaces. We evaluated the influence of environmental and behavioral variables on the foraging patterns of Pteropus lylei (a reservoir of Nipah virus) in a heterogeneous landscape in Cambodia. METHODS We employed an approach based on animal-movement modeling, which comprised a path-segmentation method (hidden Markov model) to identify individual foraging-behavior sequences in GPS data generated by eight P. lylei. We characterized foraging localities, foraging activity, and probability of returning to a given foraging locality over consecutive nights. Generalized linear mixed models were also applied to assess the influence of several variables including proxies for energetic costs and quality of foraging areas. RESULTS Bats performed few foraging bouts (area-restricted searches) during a given night, mainly in residential areas, and the duration of these decreased during the night. The probability of a bat revisiting a given foraging area within 48 h varied according to the duration previously spent there, its distance to the roost site, and the corresponding habitat type. We interpret these fine-scale patterns in relation to global habitat quality (including food-resource quality and predictability), habitat-familiarity and experience of each individual. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that heterogeneous human-made environments may promote complex patterns of foraging-behavior and short-term re-visitation in fruit bat species that occur in such landscapes. This highlights the need for similarly detailed studies to understand the processes that maintain biodiversity in these environments and assess the potential for pathogen transmission in human-wildlife interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Schloesing
- UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Rémi Chambon
- Université de Rennes - unité BOREA (MNHN Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UCN, IRD UA), Rennes, France
| | - Annelise Tran
- UMR TETIS, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | | | | | | | - Thavry Hoem
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Neil Furey
- Fauna & Flora International (Cambodia), Phnom Penh, Cambodia
- Harrison Institute, Sevenoaks, UK
| | - Morgane Labadie
- UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mathieu Bourgarel
- UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, RP-PCP, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Hélène M De Nys
- UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, RP-PCP, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Alexandre Caron
- UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Faculdade de Veterinaria, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Julien Cappelle
- UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
- UMR EPIA, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
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26
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Ossi F, Ranc N, Moorcroft P, Bonanni P, Cagnacci F. Ecological and Behavioral Drivers of Supplemental Feeding Use by Roe Deer Capreolus capreolus in a Peri-Urban Context. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E2088. [PMID: 33182794 PMCID: PMC7698021 DOI: 10.3390/ani10112088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Winter supplemental feeding of ungulates potentially alters their use of resources and ecological interactions, yet relatively little is known about the patterns of feeding sites use by target populations. We used camera traps to continuously monitor winter and spring feeding site use in a roe deer population living in a peri-urban area in Northern Italy. We combined circular statistics with generalized additive and linear mixed models to analyze the diel and seasonal pattern of roe deer visits to feeding sites, and the behavioral drivers influencing visit duration. Roe deer visits peaked at dawn and dusk, and decreased from winter to spring when vegetation regrows and temperature increases. Roe deer mostly visited feeding sites solitarily; when this was not the case, they stayed longer at the site, especially when conspecifics were eating, but maintained a bimodal diel pattern of visits. These results support an opportunistic use of feeding sites, following seasonal cycles and the roe deer circadian clock. Yet, the attractiveness of these artificial resources has the potential to alter intra-specific relationships, as competition for their use induces gatherings and may extend the contact time between individuals, with potential behavioral and epidemiological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ossi
- Centro Agricoltura Alimenti Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Trento, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (N.R.); (P.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Nathan Ranc
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (N.R.); (P.B.); (F.C.)
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
| | - Paul Moorcroft
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
| | - Priscilla Bonanni
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (N.R.); (P.B.); (F.C.)
- Department of Animal and Human Biology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Viale dell’Università 32, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Cagnacci
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (N.R.); (P.B.); (F.C.)
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
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27
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Picardi S, Smith BJ, Boone ME, Frederick PC, Cecere JG, Rubolini D, Serra L, Pirrello S, Borkhataria RR, Basille M. Analysis of movement recursions to detect reproductive events and estimate their fate in central place foragers. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2020; 8:24. [PMID: 32518652 PMCID: PMC7268620 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-020-00201-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recursive movement patterns have been used to detect behavioral structure within individual movement trajectories in the context of foraging ecology, home-ranging behavior, and predator avoidance. Some animals exhibit movement recursions to locations that are tied to reproductive functions, including nests and dens; while existing literature recognizes that, no method is currently available to explicitly target different types of revisited locations. Moreover, the temporal persistence of recursive movements to a breeding location can carry information regarding the fate of breeding attempts, but it has never been used as a metric to quantify recursive movement patterns. Here, we introduce a method to locate breeding attempts and estimate their fate from GPS-tracking data of central place foragers. We tested the performance of our method in three bird species differing in breeding ecology (wood stork (Mycteria americana), lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni), Mediterranean gull (Ichthyaetus melanocephalus)) and implemented it in the R package 'nestR'. METHODS We identified breeding sites based on the analysis of recursive movements within individual tracks. Using trajectories with known breeding attempts, we estimated a set of species-specific criteria for the identification of nest sites, which we further validated using non-reproductive individuals as controls. We then estimated individual nest survival as a binary measure of reproductive fate (success, corresponding to fledging of at least one chick, or failure) from nest-site revisitation histories during breeding attempts, using a Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach that accounted for temporally variable revisitation patterns, probability of visit detection, and missing data. RESULTS Across the three species, positive predictive value of the nest-site detection algorithm varied between 87 and 100% and sensitivity between 88 and 92%, and we correctly estimated the fate of 86-100% breeding attempts. CONCLUSIONS By providing a method to formally distinguish among revisited locations that serve different ecological functions and introducing a probabilistic framework to quantify temporal persistence of movement recursions, we demonstrated how the analysis of recursive movement patterns can be applied to estimate reproduction in central place foragers. Beyond avian species, the principles of our method can be applied to other central place foraging breeders such as denning mammals. Our method estimates a component of individual fitness from movement data and will help bridge the gap between movement behavior, environmental factors, and their fitness consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Picardi
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3205 College Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA
| | - Brian J. Smith
- Deparmtent of Wildland Resources, Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322 USA
| | - Matthew E. Boone
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3205 College Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA
| | - Peter C. Frederick
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, 368 Newins-Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | - Jacopo G. Cecere
- Area Avifauna Migratrice, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), via Cà Fornacetta 9, I-40064 Ozzano Emilia, BO Italy
| | - Diego Rubolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, I’20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Serra
- Area Avifauna Migratrice, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), via Cà Fornacetta 9, I-40064 Ozzano Emilia, BO Italy
| | - Simone Pirrello
- Area Avifauna Migratrice, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), via Cà Fornacetta 9, I-40064 Ozzano Emilia, BO Italy
| | - Rena R. Borkhataria
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Everglades Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3200 E Palm Beach Rd, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA
| | - Mathieu Basille
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3205 College Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA
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28
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Schlägel UE, Grimm V, Blaum N, Colangeli P, Dammhahn M, Eccard JA, Hausmann SL, Herde A, Hofer H, Joshi J, Kramer-Schadt S, Litwin M, Lozada-Gobilard SD, Müller MEH, Müller T, Nathan R, Petermann JS, Pirhofer-Walzl K, Radchuk V, Rillig MC, Roeleke M, Schäfer M, Scherer C, Schiro G, Scholz C, Teckentrup L, Tiedemann R, Ullmann W, Voigt CC, Weithoff G, Jeltsch F. Movement-mediated community assembly and coexistence. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:1073-1096. [PMID: 32627362 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Organismal movement is ubiquitous and facilitates important ecological mechanisms that drive community and metacommunity composition and hence biodiversity. In most existing ecological theories and models in biodiversity research, movement is represented simplistically, ignoring the behavioural basis of movement and consequently the variation in behaviour at species and individual levels. However, as human endeavours modify climate and land use, the behavioural processes of organisms in response to these changes, including movement, become critical to understanding the resulting biodiversity loss. Here, we draw together research from different subdisciplines in ecology to understand the impact of individual-level movement processes on community-level patterns in species composition and coexistence. We join the movement ecology framework with the key concepts from metacommunity theory, community assembly and modern coexistence theory using the idea of micro-macro links, where various aspects of emergent movement behaviour scale up to local and regional patterns in species mobility and mobile-link-generated patterns in abiotic and biotic environmental conditions. These in turn influence both individual movement and, at ecological timescales, mechanisms such as dispersal limitation, environmental filtering, and niche partitioning. We conclude by highlighting challenges to and promising future avenues for data generation, data analysis and complementary modelling approaches and provide a brief outlook on how a new behaviour-based view on movement becomes important in understanding the responses of communities under ongoing environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike E Schlägel
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Grimm
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Niels Blaum
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pierluigi Colangeli
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Melanie Dammhahn
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Animal Ecology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jana A Eccard
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Animal Ecology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sebastian L Hausmann
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Plant Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje Herde
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Animal Behaviour, Bielefeld University, Morgenbreede 45, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Heribert Hofer
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jasmin Joshi
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Biodiversity Research and Systematic Botany, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany.,Institute for Landscape and Open Space, Hochschule für Technik HSR Rapperswil, Seestrasse 10, 8640 Rapperswil, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Kramer-Schadt
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Ecology, Technische Universität Berlin, Rothenburgstr. 12, 12165, Berlin, Germany
| | - Magdalena Litwin
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sissi D Lozada-Gobilard
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Biodiversity Research and Systematic Botany, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marina E H Müller
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Ran Nathan
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Movement Ecology Laboratory, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jana S Petermann
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Karin Pirhofer-Walzl
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Plant Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Viktoriia Radchuk
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Plant Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuel Roeleke
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Merlin Schäfer
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Cédric Scherer
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schiro
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Carolin Scholz
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lisa Teckentrup
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Wiebke Ullmann
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Christian C Voigt
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany.,Behavioral Biology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guntram Weithoff
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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29
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McKeown B, Walton Z, Willebrand T. Does recursive use of resource locations shape a home range? Exploring the red fox's cognitive map. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben McKeown
- B. McKeown (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7281-9774) ✉
| | - Zea Walton
- Z. Walton, Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway Univ. of Applied Sciences, NO-2480 Koppang, Norway
| | - Tomas Willebrand
- T. Willebrand, Inland Norway Univ. of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
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30
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Environmental Predictability as a Cause and Consequence of Animal Movement. Trends Ecol Evol 2019; 35:163-174. [PMID: 31699411 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The impacts of environmental predictability on the ecology and evolution of animal movement have been the subject of vigorous speculation for several decades. Recently, the swell of new biologging technologies has further stimulated their investigation. This advancing research frontier, however, still lacks conceptual unification and has so far focused little on converse effects. Populations of moving animals have ubiquitous effects on processes such as nutrient cycling and seed dispersal and may therefore shape patterns of environmental predictability. Here, we synthesise the main strands of the literature on the feedbacks between environmental predictability and animal movement and discuss how they may react to anthropogenic disruption, leading to unexpected threats for wildlife and the environment.
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31
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Nandintsetseg D, Bracis C, Leimgruber P, Kaczensky P, Buuveibaatar B, Lkhagvasuren B, Chimeddorj B, Enkhtuvshin S, Horning N, Ito TY, Olson K, Payne J, Walzer C, Shinoda M, Stabach J, Songer M, Mueller T. Variability in nomadism: environmental gradients modulate the movement behaviors of dryland ungulates. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dejid Nandintsetseg
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung 60325 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences Goethe University Frankfurt 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park Front Royal Virginia 22630 USA
| | - Chloe Bracis
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung 60325 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences Goethe University Frankfurt 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
- Ifremer, Channel and North Sea Fisheries Research Unit Boulogne‐sur‐Mer France
| | - Peter Leimgruber
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park Front Royal Virginia 22630 USA
| | - Petra Kaczensky
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research NO‐7485 Trondheim Norway
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna ViennaA‐1160Austria
| | | | - Badamjav Lkhagvasuren
- Institute of General and Experimental Biology Mongolian Academy of Sciences Ulaanbaatar 13330 Mongolia
| | | | | | - Ned Horning
- American Museum of Natural History's Center for Biodiversity and Conservation New York New York USA
| | - Takehiko Y. Ito
- Arid Land Research Center Tottori University Tottori 680‐0001 Japan
- Organization for the Strategic Coordination of Research and Intellectual Properties Meiji University Tokyo 168‐8558 Japan
| | - Kirk Olson
- Mongolia Program Wildlife Conservation Society Ulaanbaatar Mongolia
| | - John Payne
- Mongolia Program Wildlife Conservation Society Ulaanbaatar Mongolia
| | - Chris Walzer
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna ViennaA‐1160Austria
- Mongolia Program Wildlife Conservation Society Ulaanbaatar Mongolia
| | - Masato Shinoda
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies Nagoya University Nagoya 464‐8601 Japan
| | - Jared Stabach
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park Front Royal Virginia 22630 USA
| | - Melissa Songer
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park Front Royal Virginia 22630 USA
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung 60325 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences Goethe University Frankfurt 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park Front Royal Virginia 22630 USA
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32
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Tsalyuk M, Kilian W, Reineking B, Getz WM. Temporal variation in resource selection of African elephants follows long‐term variability in resource availability. ECOL MONOGR 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Tsalyuk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Policy & Management University of California Berkeley 130 Mulford Hall #3114 Berkeley California 94720‐3114 USA
| | - Werner Kilian
- Etosha Ecological Institute PO Box 6 Okaukuejo via Outjo Namibia
| | - Björn Reineking
- Universite Grenoble Alpes, Irstea, UR LESSEM, BP 76 38402 St‐Martin‐d'Hères France
- Biogeographical Modelling Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research BayCEER University of Bayreuth Universitätstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Wayne Marcus Getz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Policy & Management University of California Berkeley 130 Mulford Hall #3114 Berkeley California 94720‐3114 USA
- School of Mathematical Sciences University of KwaZulu‐Natal Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
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33
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Munden R, Börger L, Wilson RP, Redcliffe J, Loison A, Garel M, Potts JR. Making sense of ultrahigh-resolution movement data: A new algorithm for inferring sites of interest. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:265-274. [PMID: 30680112 PMCID: PMC6342090 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Decomposing the life track of an animal into behavioral segments is a fundamental challenge for movement ecology. The proliferation of high-resolution data, often collected many times per second, offers much opportunity for understanding animal movement. However, the sheer size of modern data sets means there is an increasing need for rapid, novel computational techniques to make sense of these data. Most existing methods were designed with smaller data sets in mind and can thus be prohibitively slow. Here, we introduce a method for segmenting high-resolution movement trajectories into sites of interest and transitions between these sites. This builds on a previous algorithm of Benhamou and Riotte-Lambert (2012). Adapting it for use with high-resolution data. The data's resolution removed the need to interpolate between successive locations, allowing us to increase the algorithm's speed by approximately two orders of magnitude with essentially no drop in accuracy. Furthermore, we incorporate a color scheme for testing the level of confidence in the algorithm's inference (high = green, medium = amber, low = red). We demonstrate the speed and accuracy of our algorithm with application to both simulated and real data (Alpine cattle at 1 Hz resolution). On simulated data, our algorithm correctly identified the sites of interest for 99% of "high confidence" paths. For the cattle data, the algorithm identified the two known sites of interest: a watering hole and a milking station. It also identified several other sites which can be related to hypothesized environmental drivers (e.g., food). Our algorithm gives an efficient method for turning a long, high-resolution movement path into a schematic representation of broadscale decisions, allowing a direct link to existing point-to-point analysis techniques such as optimal foraging theory. It is encoded into an R package called SitesInterest, so should serve as a valuable tool for making sense of these increasingly large data streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys Munden
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Luca Börger
- Department of Biosciences, College of ScienceSwansea UniversitySwanseaWalesUK
| | - Rory P. Wilson
- Department of Biosciences, College of ScienceSwansea UniversitySwanseaWalesUK
| | - James Redcliffe
- Department of Biosciences, College of ScienceSwansea UniversitySwanseaWalesUK
| | - Anne Loison
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS 5553Université de SavoieLe Bourget‐du‐LacFrance
| | - Mathieu Garel
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Unité Ongulés SauvagesGièresFrance
| | - Jonathan R. Potts
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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34
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Buderman FE, Hooten MB, Alldredge MW, Hanks EM, Ivan JS. Time-varying predatory behavior is primary predictor of fine-scale movement of wildland-urban cougars. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2018; 6:22. [PMID: 30410764 PMCID: PMC6214169 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-018-0140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While many species have suffered from the detrimental impacts of increasing human population growth, some species, such as cougars (Puma concolor), have been observed using human-modified landscapes. However, human-modified habitat can be a source of both increased risk and increased food availability, particularly for large carnivores. Assessing preferential use of the landscape is important for managing wildlife and can be particularly useful in transitional habitats, such as at the wildland-urban interface. Preferential use is often evaluated using resource selection functions (RSFs), which are focused on quantifying habitat preference using either a temporally static framework or researcher-defined temporal delineations. Many applications of RSFs do not incorporate time-varying landscape availability or temporally-varying behavior, which may mask conflict and avoidance behavior. METHODS Contemporary approaches to incorporate landscape availability into the assessment of habitat selection include spatio-temporal point process models, step selection functions, and continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) models; in contrast with the other methods, the CTMC model allows for explicit inference on animal movement in continuous-time. We used a hierarchical version of the CTMC framework to model speed and directionality of fine-scale movement by a population of cougars inhabiting the Front Range of Colorado, U.S.A., an area exhibiting rapid population growth and increased recreational use, as a function of individual variation and time-varying responses to landscape covariates. RESULTS We found evidence for individual- and daily temporal-variability in cougar response to landscape characteristics. Distance to nearest kill site emerged as the most important driver of movement at a population-level. We also detected seasonal differences in average response to elevation, heat loading, and distance to roads. Motility was also a function of amount of development, with cougars moving faster in developed areas than in undeveloped areas. CONCLUSIONS The time-varying framework allowed us to detect temporal variability that would be masked in a generalized linear model, and improved the within-sample predictive ability of the model. The high degree of individual variation suggests that, if agencies want to minimize human-wildlife conflict management options should be varied and flexible. However, due to the effect of recursive behavior on cougar movement, likely related to the location and timing of potential kill-sites, kill-site identification tools may be useful for identifying areas of potential conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances E. Buderman
- Colorado State University, Departments of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, 1484 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - Mevin B Hooten
- U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Departments of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology and Statistics, Colorado State University, 1484 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - Mathew W Alldredge
- Colorado Parks and Wildlife, 317 W Prospect Road, Fort Collins, CO 80526 USA
| | - Ephraim M Hanks
- Pennsylvania State University, W-250 Millennium Science Complex, University Park, State College, PA 16802 USA
| | - Jacob S Ivan
- Colorado Parks and Wildlife, 317 W Prospect Road, Fort Collins, CO 80526 USA
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35
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Lortie CJ, Filazzola A, Kelsey R, Hart AK, Butterfield HS. Better late than never: a synthesis of strategic land retirement and restoration in California. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Lortie
- The National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93101 USA
- Department of Biology; York University; Toronto Ontario M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - A. Filazzola
- Department of Biology; York University; Toronto Ontario M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - R. Kelsey
- The Nature Conservancy; San Francisco California 94105 USA
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Seidel DP, Dougherty E, Carlson C, Getz WM. Ecological metrics and methods for GPS movement data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE : IJGIS 2018; 32:2272-2293. [PMID: 30631244 PMCID: PMC6322554 DOI: 10.1080/13658816.2018.1498097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The growing field of movement ecology uses high resolution movement data to analyze animal behavior across multiple scales: from individual foraging decisions to population-level space-use patterns. These analyses contribute to various subfields of ecology-inter alia behavioral, disease, landscape, resource, and wildlife-and facilitate facilitate novel exploration in fields ranging from conservation planning to public health. Despite the growing availability and general accessibility of animal movement data, much potential remains for the analytical methods of movement ecology to be incorporated in all types of geographic analyses. This review provides for the Geographical Information Sciences (GIS) community an overview of the most common movement metrics and methods of analysis employed by animal ecologists. Through illustrative applications, we emphasize the potential for movement analyses to promote transdisciplinary GIS/wildlife-ecology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Paige Seidel
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, University of California, Berkeley
| | - Eric Dougherty
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, University of California, Berkeley
| | - Colin Carlson
- National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center, University of Maryland, Annapolis, MD 21401, USA
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, USA
| | - Wayne M. Getz
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, University of California, Berkeley
- Schools of Mathematical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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Péron G, Duparc A, Garel M, Marchand P, Morellet N, Saïd S, Loison A. Circadian periodicity in space use by ungulates of temperate regions: How much, when and why? J Anim Ecol 2018; 87:1299-1308. [PMID: 29873399 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
When they visit and revisit specific areas, animals may reveal what they need from their home range and how they acquire information. The temporal dimension of such movement recursions, that is, periodicity, is however rarely studied, yet potentially bears a species, population or individual-specific signature. A recent method allows estimating the contribution of periodic patterns to the variance in a movement path. We applied it to 709 individuals from five ungulate species, looking for species signatures in the form of seasonal variation in the intensity of circadian patterns. Circadian patterns were commonplace in the movement tracks, but the amount of variance they explained was highly variable among individuals. It increased in intensity during spring and summer, when key resources were spatially segregated, and decreased during winter, when food availability was more uniformly low. Other periodicity-inducing mechanisms supported by our comparison of species- and sex-specific patterns involve young antipredator behaviour, territoriality and behavioural thermoregulation. Model-based continuous-time movement metrics represent a new avenue for researchers interested in finding individual-, population- or species-specific signatures in heterogeneous movement databases featuring various study designs and sampling resolutions. However, we observed large amounts of individual variation, so comparative analyses should ideally use both GPS and animal-borne loggers to augment the discriminatory power and be based on large samples. We briefly outline potential uses of the intensity of circadian patterns as a metric for the study of animal personality and community ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Péron
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR5558, Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Antoine Duparc
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS 5553, Université de Savoie, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - Mathieu Garel
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Direction de la Recherche et de l'Expertise, Unité ongulés sauvages, Gières, France
| | - Pascal Marchand
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Direction de la Recherche et de l'Expertise, Unité ongulés sauvages, Gières, France
| | | | - Sonia Saïd
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Direction de la Recherche et de l'Expertise, Unité ongulés sauvages, Gières, France
| | - Anne Loison
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS 5553, Université de Savoie, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
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Habitat utilization by an invasive herbivorous fish (Siganus rivulatus) in its native and invaded range. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bracis C, Gurarie E, Rutter JD, Goodwin RA. Remembering the good and the bad: memory-based mediation of the food–safety trade-off in dynamic landscapes. THEOR ECOL-NETH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12080-018-0367-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Barack DL, Chang SWC, Platt ML. Posterior Cingulate Neurons Dynamically Signal Decisions to Disengage during Foraging. Neuron 2017; 96:339-347.e5. [PMID: 29024659 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Foraging for resources is a fundamental behavior balancing systematic search and strategic disengagement. The foraging behavior of primates is especially complex and requires long-term memory, value comparison, strategic planning, and decision-making. Here we provide evidence from two different foraging tasks that neurons in primate posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) signal decision salience during foraging to motivate disengagement from the current strategy. In our foraging tasks, salience refers to the difference between decision thresholds and the net harvested reward. Salience signals were stronger in poor foraging contexts than rich ones, suggesting low harvest rates recruit mechanisms in PCC that regulate strategic disengagement and exploration during foraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Barack
- Department of Philosophy and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA.
| | - Steve W C Chang
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Michael L Platt
- Departments of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Marketing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Schlägel UE, Merrill EH, Lewis MA. Territory surveillance and prey management: Wolves keep track of space and time. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:8388-8405. [PMID: 29075457 PMCID: PMC5648667 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying behavioral mechanisms that underlie observed movement patterns is difficult when animals employ sophisticated cognitive‐based strategies. Such strategies may arise when timing of return visits is important, for instance to allow for resource renewal or territorial patrolling. We fitted spatially explicit random‐walk models to GPS movement data of six wolves (Canis lupus; Linnaeus, 1758) from Alberta, Canada to investigate the importance of the following: (1) territorial surveillance likely related to renewal of scent marks along territorial edges, to reduce intraspecific risk among packs, and (2) delay in return to recently hunted areas, which may be related to anti‐predator responses of prey under varying prey densities. The movement models incorporated the spatiotemporal variable “time since last visit,” which acts as a wolf's memory index of its travel history and is integrated into the movement decision along with its position in relation to territory boundaries and information on local prey densities. We used a model selection framework to test hypotheses about the combined importance of these variables in wolf movement strategies. Time‐dependent movement for territory surveillance was supported by all wolf movement tracks. Wolves generally avoided territory edges, but this avoidance was reduced as time since last visit increased. Time‐dependent prey management was weak except in one wolf. This wolf selected locations with longer time since last visit and lower prey density, which led to a longer delay in revisiting high prey density sites. Our study shows that we can use spatially explicit random walks to identify behavioral strategies that merge environmental information and explicit spatiotemporal information on past movements (i.e., “when” and “where”) to make movement decisions. The approach allows us to better understand cognition‐based movement in relation to dynamic environments and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike E Schlägel
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada.,Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute of Biochemistry and Biology University of Potsdam Potsdam Germany
| | - Evelyn H Merrill
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Mark A Lewis
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
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Richardson TO, Giuggioli L, Franks NR, Sendova‐Franks AB. Measuring site fidelity and spatial segregation within animal societies. Methods Ecol Evol 2017; 8:965-975. [PMID: 28943999 PMCID: PMC5586202 DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Animals often display a marked tendency to return to previously visited locations that contain important resources, such as water, food, or developing brood that must be provisioned. A considerable body of work has demonstrated that this tendency is strongly expressed in ants, which exhibit fidelity to particular sites both inside and outside the nest. However, thus far many studies of this phenomena have taken the approach of reducing an animal's trajectory to a summary statistic, such as the area it covers.Using both simulations of biased random walks, and empirical trajectories from individual rock ants, Temnothorax albipennis, we demonstrate that this reductive approach suffers from an unacceptably high rate of false negatives.To overcome this, we describe a site-centric approach which, in combination with a spatially-explicit null model, allows the identification of the important sites towards which individuals exhibit statistically significant biases.Using the ant trajectories, we illustrate how the site-centric approach can be combined with social network analysis tools to detect groups of individuals whose members display similar space-use patterns.We also address the mechanistic origin of individual site fidelity; by examining the sequence of visits to each site, we detect a statistical signature associated with a self-attracting walk - a non-Markovian movement model that has been suggested as a possible mechanism for generating individual site fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas O. Richardson
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Department of Engineering Design and MathematicsUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
| | - Luca Giuggioli
- Bristol Centre for Complexity SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Department of Engineering MathematicsUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | | | - Ana B. Sendova‐Franks
- Department of Engineering Design and MathematicsUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
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Poirotte C, Massol F, Herbert A, Willaume E, Bomo PM, Kappeler PM, Charpentier MJE. Mandrills use olfaction to socially avoid parasitized conspecifics. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1601721. [PMID: 28435875 PMCID: PMC5384805 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary transition from a solitary to a social lifestyle entails an elevated parasite cost because the social proximity associated with group living favors parasite transmission. Despite this cost, sociality is widespread in a large range of taxonomic groups. In this context, hosts would be expected to have evolved behavioral mechanisms to reduce the risk of parasite infection. Few empirical studies have focused on the influence of pathogen-mediated selection on the evolution of antiparasitic behavior in wild vertebrates. We report an adaptive functional relationship between parasitism and social behavior in mandrills, associated with evidence that they are able to gauge parasite status of their group members. Using long-term observations, controlled experiments, and chemical analyses, we show that (i) wild mandrills avoid grooming conspecifics infected with orofecally transmitted parasites; (ii) mandrills receive significantly more grooming after treatment that targets these parasites; (iii) parasitism influences the host's fecal odors; and (iv) mandrills selectively avoid fecal material from parasitized conspecifics. These behavioral adaptations reveal that selecting safe social partners may help primates to cope with parasite-mediated costs of sociality and that "behavioral immunity" plays a crucial role in the coevolutionary dynamics between hosts and their parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Poirotte
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE)–CNRS, UMR 5175, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier (ISEM), UMR 5554, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - François Massol
- CNRS, Université de Lille–Sciences et Technologies, UMR 8198, Evo-Eco-Paléo, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Anaïs Herbert
- Centre de Primatologie, Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), BP 769, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Eric Willaume
- Projet Mandrillus, Société d’exploitation du Parc de Lékédi (SODEPAL), BP 52, Bakoumba, Gabon
| | - Pacelle M. Bomo
- Projet Mandrillus, Société d’exploitation du Parc de Lékédi (SODEPAL), BP 52, Bakoumba, Gabon
| | - Peter M. Kappeler
- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Unit, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marie J. E. Charpentier
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE)–CNRS, UMR 5175, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier (ISEM), UMR 5554, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Visscher DR, Merrill EH, Martin PK. Hierarchical trade-offs between risk and reward mediated by behavior. MAMMAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-016-0290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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46
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Sorato E, Griffith SC, Russell AF. The price of associating with breeders in the cooperatively breeding chestnut‐crowned babbler: foraging constraints, survival and sociality. J Anim Ecol 2016; 85:1340-51. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Sorato
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM) Linköping University Linköping 58183 Sweden
| | - Simon C. Griffith
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
- Fowlers Gap Arid Zone Research Station School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Andy F. Russell
- Fowlers Gap Arid Zone Research Station School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter, Tremough Campus Penryn TR10 9FE UK
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Giotto N, Gerard JF, Ziv A, Bouskila A, Bar-David S. Space-Use Patterns of the Asiatic Wild Ass (Equus hemionus): Complementary Insights from Displacement, Recursion Movement and Habitat Selection Analyses. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143279. [PMID: 26630393 PMCID: PMC4667895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The way in which animals move and use the landscape is influenced by the spatial distribution of resources, and is of importance when considering species conservation. We aimed at exploring how landscape-related factors affect a large herbivore's space-use patterns by using a combined approach, integrating movement (displacement and recursions) and habitat selection analyses. We studied the endangered Asiatic wild ass (Equus hemionus) in the Negev Desert, Israel, using GPS monitoring and direct observation. We found that the main landscape-related factors affecting the species' space-use patterns, on a daily and seasonal basis, were vegetation cover, water sources and topography. Two main habitat types were selected: high-elevation sites during the day (specific microclimate: windy on warm summer days) and streambed surroundings during the night (coupled with high vegetation when the animals were active in summer). Distribution of recursion times (duration between visits) revealed a 24-hour periodicity, a pattern that could be widespread among large herbivores. Characterizing frequently revisited sites suggested that recursion movements were mainly driven by a few landscape features (water sources, vegetation patches, high-elevation points), but also by social factors, such as territoriality, which should be further explored. This study provided complementary insights into the space-use patterns of E. hemionus. Understanding of the species' space-use patterns, at both large and fine spatial scale, is required for developing appropriate conservation protocols. Our approach could be further applied for studying the space-use patterns of other species in heterogeneous landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Giotto
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Jean-François Gerard
- Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Alon Ziv
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Amos Bouskila
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Shirli Bar-David
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
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