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Ayati A, Khodabandelu S, Khaleghi S, Nourmohammadi A, Jafari F, Ahmadianghalehsorkh M, Vatani Z, Bashiri HS, Ahmadi M, Jafari M, Soltaninejad H, Rahmanian M. A systematic review and network meta-analysis of the association between periodontitis and inflammatory bowel diseases. BMC Oral Health 2025; 25:463. [PMID: 40165211 PMCID: PMC11956190 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-025-05830-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2025] [Indexed: 04/02/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several earlier studies have shown that IBD (including its two subtypes, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD)) increases the risk of periodontal disease. This study aimed to evaluate the relevance among periodontitis and IBD subcategories. METHODS This study was conducted based on PRISMA guidelines. The Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases were searched up to February 2024 using pertinent keywords. Case series, review articles, and animal studies were excluded. The risk of bias in this research was evaluated through the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) criteria. The meta-analysis was conducted using R statistical software. RESULTS A total of 9134 patients within 13 studies after the screening process were evaluated. Our study has shown that periodontitis is significantly more prevalent among IBD patients (UC and CD). According to prior meta-analyses, PD morbidity was found to be significantly high among CD patients (OR: 4.30; 95% CI: 3.72-4.98; I2 = 0%). Similarly, UC elevated PD risk (OR: 4.55; 95% CI: 3.76-5.50; I2 = 0%). The risk of periodontitis was not significantly different between CD and UC patients (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.65-1.43; I2 = 34%). CONCLUSIONS UC and CD patients were more likely to develop periodontitis, with low heterogeneity between studies, while the prevalence of periodontitis among UC and CD patients was not meaningfully different. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The higher risk of periodontitis in patients with IBD indicates the necessity of screening for periodontitis. Considering the various oral manifestations and poor quality of life associated with IBD, it is important to be aware of the symptoms of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariyan Ayati
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Postal code, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Sajad Khodabandelu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Student Research Committee, School of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Postal code, Sari, 48175-866, Iran
| | - Sara Khaleghi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Student Research Committee, School of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Postal code, Sari, 48175-866, Iran
| | - Anita Nourmohammadi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Postal Code, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 19468-53314, Iran
| | - Farnaz Jafari
- Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Postal code, Kerman, 1946853314, Iran
| | - Mina Ahmadianghalehsorkh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Postal Code, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, 6939177314, Iran
| | - Zahra Vatani
- School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, 6135715794, Iran
| | - Hanieh Sadat Bashiri
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Postal code, Tehran, 19839-69411, Iran
| | - Mahta Ahmadi
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Postal code, Shiraz, 71956-15878, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Soltaninejad
- Department of Stem Cells Technology and Tissue Regeneration, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Technologies, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Rahmanian
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Postal Code, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran.
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Seok J, Kim MO, Kim S, Ryu K, Kim J, Lee H, Kim Y, Lee Y. Flavonoid gossypetin protects alveolar bone and limits inflammation in ligature-induced periodontitis in mice. J Periodontol 2025; 96:164-175. [PMID: 39031888 PMCID: PMC11866740 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial-induced inflammation instigates the destruction of hard and soft tissues surrounding teeth in periodontitis. In severe cases, the increased number and activity of osteoclasts induces the resorption of alveolar bones, ultimately leading to tooth loss. Because of their diverse chemical structures and bioactivities, natural compounds are often suggested to treat a wide variety of diseases, including inflammatory disorders. METHODS In the present study, we demonstrated an inhibitory effect of gossypetin, a hexahydroxy flavone, on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption using in vitro culture of osteoclasts from mouse bone marrow macrophage (BMM) precursors and in vivo model of ligature-induced periodontitis in mice. RESULTS Gossypetin significantly reduced the differentiation of osteoclasts from mouse BMM precursors in the presence of the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). In vitro, gossypetin inhibited critical signaling events downstream of RANKL including the auto-amplification of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1, Ca2+ oscillations, and the generation of reactive oxygen species. In a mouse ligature-induced periodontitis model, the administration of gossypetin significantly reduced osteoclastogenesis and alveolar bone resorption. Furthermore, gossypetin prevented the ligature-induced increase in macrophages and T cells and reduced the production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results show anti-osteoclastogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of gossypetin, suggesting the potential use of this natural compound in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Seok
- Department of Biochemistry, School of DentistryKyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Ecology and Environmental ScienceKyungpook National UniversitySangjuSouth Korea
| | - Sung‐Hyun Kim
- Department of Bio‐Medical AnalysisKorea Polytechnic CollegeChungnamSouth Korea
| | - Ka‐Young Ryu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of DentistryKyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Jae‐Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of DentistryKyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Heon‐Jin Lee
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of DentistryKyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Yong‐Gun Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of DentistryKyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Youngkyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of DentistryKyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea
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Doughan M, Chehab O, Doughan B, Lima JAC, Michos ED. Association of endogenous sex hormone levels with tooth loss due to periodontitis in men and post-menopausal women: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. J Periodontal Res 2025; 60:166-176. [PMID: 38895935 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the association between endogenous sex hormone levels and history of tooth loss related to periodontitis in healthy middle-aged to older men and post-menopausal women. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 5649 participants aged 45-84 (mean age, 63 ± 10 years) from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis cohort who had sex hormone levels measured and answered a questionnaire regarding perceived periodontal status at exam 1. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association of sex hormones (exposure) with history of tooth loss (outcome), stratified by sex. RESULTS Among post-menopausal women, higher free testosterone (per 1SD) was associated with a greater prevalence of tooth loss [OR 1.49 (95% CI, 1.08-2.05)], whereas higher sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) was associated with a lower prevalence of tooth loss [OR 0.74 (0.58-0.94)], after adjustment for cardiometabolic risk factors and reproductive factors. In men, higher free testosterone and lower SHBG were associated with a lower prevalent probability of tooth loss in unadjusted analysis, but these associations lost significance after covariate adjustment. CONCLUSION A higher androgenic sex hormone profile in post-menopausal women (i.e., increased free testosterone, lower SHBG) was associated with an increased prevalence of tooth loss, after adjusting cardiometabolic risk factors. No such association was found in men. These findings suggest that sex hormones may influence or serve as a marker for periodontal health.
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Grants
- R01 HL074406 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL074338 NHLBI NIH HHS
- 946222 American Heart Association
- HHSN268201500003I NHLBI NIH HHS
- N01-HC-95159 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
- N01-HC-95160 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
- N01-HC-95161 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
- N01-HC-95162 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
- N01-HC-95163 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
- N01-HC-95164 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
- N01-HC-95165 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
- N01-HC-95166 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
- N01-HC-95167 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
- N01-HC-95168 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
- N01-HC-95169 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
- Johns Hopkins University: Amato Fund in Women's Cardiovascular Health Research
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Doughan
- School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Omar Chehab
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bassel Doughan
- Faculty of Dental Surgery, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Joao A C Lima
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Erin D Michos
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Smith H, Thomas DT, Vázquez-Morales GN, Puckett L, Del Mar Rodriguez M, Stromberg A, Shaddox LM, Santamaria MP, Pearce K, Andriankaja OM. Cross-sectional association among dietary habits, periodontitis, and uncontrolled diabetes in Hispanics: the LLIPDS study. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2025; 6:1468995. [PMID: 39959358 PMCID: PMC11825391 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2025.1468995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2025] [Indexed: 02/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Objectives Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is recognized as a risk factor for periodontal disease (PD), with evidence supporting a bidirectional relationship. Food choices are thought to influence both conditions, but research on their impact specifically on PD remains limited. This study aimed to explore whether food choices were linked to higher prevalence of adverse periodontal parameters and poorly controlled glucose levels among Hispanic adults with T2D. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 260 Puerto Rican adults aged 40-65 years, all diagnosed with T2D. Dietary habits were assessed by weekly frequencies of food choices deemed healthy or unhealthy over the past year. Periodontal health was evaluated by the percentage of sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥4 mm and bleeding on probing (BOP) at corresponding teeth. Glucose control was measured by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, with uncontrolled glucose defined as HbA1c ≥ 7%. Linear regression models adjusted for demographic and clinical variables estimated associations with PD. Logistic regression assessed associations with glucose control. Results The median Healthy Eating Score was 0.5 (Q1, Q3: -3.9, 4.5). A higher Healthy Eating Score was significantly associated with fewer sites exhibiting PPD ≥ 4 mm and BOP (adjusted β: -0.02; SE: 0.01; p = 0.035), and reduced odds of uncontrolled glucose (adjusted odds ratio: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.89-0.98; p = 0.007). Conclusions Adherence to a healthier dietary pattern appears to correlate with lower periodontal inflammation and greater glucose control among Hispanics with T2D. Prospective studies are needed to confirm causality and long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter Smith
- College of Arts & Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - David Travis Thomas
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | | | - Lakin Puckett
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture, Food, & Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - María Del Mar Rodriguez
- School of Dental Medicine, Center for Clinical Research and Health Promotion, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Arnold Stromberg
- Dr. Bing Zhang Department of Statistics, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Luciana Macchion Shaddox
- College of Dentistry, Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Mauro Pedrine Santamaria
- College of Dentistry, Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Kevin Pearce
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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Jundaeng J, Chamchong R, Nithikathkul C. Artificial intelligence-powered innovations in periodontal diagnosis: a new era in dental healthcare. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2025; 6:1469852. [PMID: 39866670 PMCID: PMC11757292 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2024.1469852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 12/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Background The aging population is increasingly affected by periodontal disease, a condition often overlooked due to its asymptomatic nature. Despite its silent onset, periodontitis is linked to various systemic conditions, contributing to severe complications and a reduced quality of life. With over a billion people globally affected, periodontal diseases present a significant public health challenge. Current diagnostic methods, including clinical exams and radiographs, have limitations, emphasizing the need for more accurate detection methods. This study aims to develop AI-driven models to enhance diagnostic precision and consistency in detecting periodontal disease. Methods We analyzed 2,000 panoramic radiographs using image processing techniques. The YOLOv8 model segmented teeth, identified the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), and quantified alveolar bone loss to assess stages of periodontitis. Results The teeth segmentation model achieved an accuracy of 97%, while the CEJ and alveolar bone segmentation models reached 98%. The AI system demonstrated outstanding performance, with 94.4% accuracy and perfect sensitivity (100%), surpassing periodontists who achieved 91.1% accuracy and 90.6% sensitivity. General practitioners (GPs) benefitted from AI assistance, reaching 86.7% accuracy and 85.9% sensitivity, further improving diagnostic outcomes. Conclusions This study highlights that AI models can effectively detect periodontal bone loss from panoramic radiographs, outperforming current diagnostic methods. The integration of AI into periodontal care offers faster, more accurate, and comprehensive treatment, ultimately improving patient outcomes and alleviating healthcare burdens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarupat Jundaeng
- Ph.D. in Health Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham,Thailand
- Tropical Health Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
- Dental Department, Fang Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Rapeeporn Chamchong
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Informatics, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Choosak Nithikathkul
- Ph.D. in Health Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham,Thailand
- Tropical Health Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
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Jundaeng J, Chamchong R, Nithikathkul C. Advanced AI-assisted panoramic radiograph analysis for periodontal prognostication and alveolar bone loss detection. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2025; 5:1509361. [PMID: 39917716 PMCID: PMC11797906 DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2024.1509361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2024] [Accepted: 12/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the gingival tissues and supporting structures of the teeth, often leading to tooth loss. The condition begins with the accumulation of dental plaque, which initiates an immune response. Current radiographic methods for assessing alveolar bone loss are subjective, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. This study aims to develop an AI-driven model using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to accurately assess alveolar bone loss and provide individualized periodontal prognoses from panoramic radiographs. Methods A total of 2,000 panoramic radiographs were collected using the same device, based on the periodontal diagnosis codes from the HOSxP Program. Image enhancement techniques were applied, and an AI model based on YOLOv8 was developed to segment teeth, identify the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), and assess alveolar bone levels. The model quantified bone loss and classified prognoses for each tooth. Results The teeth segmentation model achieved 97% accuracy, 90% sensitivity, 96% specificity, and an F1 score of 0.80. The CEJ and bone level segmentation model showed superior results with 98% accuracy, 100% sensitivity, 98% specificity, and an F1 score of 0.90. These findings confirm the models' effectiveness in analyzing panoramic radiographs for periodontal bone loss detection and prognostication. Conclusion This AI model offers a state-of-the-art approach for assessing alveolar bone loss and predicting individualized periodontal prognoses. It provides a faster, more accurate, and less labor-intensive alternative to current methods, demonstrating its potential for improving periodontal diagnosis and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarupat Jundaeng
- Ph.D. in Health Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
- Tropical Health Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
- Dental Department, Fang Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Rapeeporn Chamchong
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Informatics, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Choosak Nithikathkul
- Ph.D. in Health Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
- Tropical Health Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
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Domokos Z, Simon F, Uhrin E, Szabó B, Váncsa S, Varga G, Hegyi P, Kerémi B, Németh O. Evaluating salivary MMP-8 as a biomarker for periodontal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e40402. [PMID: 39641024 PMCID: PMC11617734 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 11/13/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Periodontitis is the irreversible destructive process of the periodontium and is the major cause of tooth loss in adults worldwide. Diagnosis of early-stage periodontal disease is crucial for improving outcomes, and to this end, the application of indicator biomarkers is gaining interest. One such method involves measuring the level of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8). This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the salivary MMP-8 level of periodontitis and gingivitis cases compared to healthy controls. Data We evaluated all studies that compared different laboratory techniques for measuring salivary MMP-8 levels in periodontitis and gingivitis patients, alongside healthy controls. Sources The systematic search was performed on 10 October 2022 in three electronic databases. Study selection results Pooled mean differences (MD) were calculated with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) between the researched groups. In addition, the correlation coefficient results between MMP-8 values and other clinical parameters were narratively summarized.Based on 20 eligible studies (n = 1725), patients with periodontitis presented significantly higher MMP-8 levels (MD = 273.26 ng/ml, CI: 194.42; 352.10). Similarly, patients with gingivitis presented significantly higher salivary MMP-8 levels than healthy individuals (MD = 122.82 ng/ml, CI: 64.19; 181.45) based on the results of 10 eligible studies (n = 704). Additionally, we found higher MMP-8 levels in periodontitis compared to gingivitis (MD = 112.04 ng/ml, CI: 56.15; 167.92). The correlation results suggest that salivary MMP-8 is associated with different clinical periodontal parameters. Conclusion Salivary MMP-8 level measurement may be a reliable method to distinguish between periodontal health and periodontal disease and also to distinguish between gingivitis and periodontitis. Clinical significance The measurement of salivary MMP-8 levels may have the potential to differentiate between periodontal health and disease reliably. Accordingly, it can be considered for integration into routine dental examinations as a quick and convenient method for the early detection and prevention of periodontitis, pending further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Domokos
- Department of Community Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fanni Simon
- Department of Community Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Uhrin
- Department of Community Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Szabó
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Váncsa
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Varga
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Kerémi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Németh
- Department of Community Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Rajpurohit KS, Dodwad VM, Pharne PM, Gavali NV, Bhosale N, Khadtare Y. Comparative Evaluation of Mogibacterium timidum in Diabetic Patients With Chronic Periodontitis, Nondiabetic Patients with Chronic Periodontitis, and Healthy Patients During Pretreatment and Posttreatment: A Real-Time PCR Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e72338. [PMID: 39583447 PMCID: PMC11585485 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.72338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mogibacterium is a rod-shaped, anaerobic, gram-positive new bacteria. Mogibacterium genus included new species such as Mogibacterium timidum, Mogibacterium vescum, and Mogibacterium pumilum by taxonomic nomenclature in the year 2000. Its presence in oral bacterial flora is believed to increase severity of gingivitis and periodontitis, indicating some link between this bacterium and periodontal disease. Its frequency of detection in subjects with chronic periodontitis and those with diabetes along with chronic periodontitis has yet to be investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of detection of Mogibacterium timidum in subgingival samples of such subjects. Aims We aimed to comparatively evaluate Mogibacterium timidum levels from subgingival plaque in non-diabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis, diabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis, and healthy subjects at baseline and six weeks post-scaling and root planing. Materials and methods The study was conducted in Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Pune, India. A total sample size of 45 patients was chosen by first screening the patients on the basis of plaque index, probing pocket depth, and relative clinical attachment level. Subjects were divided into the following groups: group A comprised healthy subjects, group B comprised those with chronic periodontitis without diabetes, and group C comprised those with chronic periodontitis with diabetes. Subjects with probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level of 2-3mm were grouped into healthy subjects (group A). Subjects with pocket depth and clinical attachment level of more than or equal to 5mm were grouped into the chronic periodontitis group with and without diabetes in group B and group C, respectively. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed for plaque samples taken from gingival pockets for quantification and detection of the count of M. timidum. Results A statistical insignificant difference was found in the pre- and posttreatment counts of the bacteria in healthy subjects. A statistically significant difference was found in the pre- and posttreatment counts of DNA copies of Mogibacterium timidum in group B (chronic periodontitis subjects without diabetes) and group C (chronic periodontitis subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus). The results indicate a significant association of this bacteria with periodontal destruction especially in diabetic subjects. The counts of the bacteria were highest in diabetic group, followed by the non-diabetic group (both having chronic periodontitis), with least counts in the healthy group both during pre- and posttreatment. Conclusion Significant association between chronic periodontitis, diabetes, and Mogibacterium is seen with the highest numbers of bacteria and destruction in the diabetic group, followed by the only chronic periodontitis group, and least association in the healthy group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal S Rajpurohit
- Department of Periodontology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Pune, IND
| | - Vidya M Dodwad
- Department of Periodontology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Pune, IND
| | - Pooja M Pharne
- Department of Periodontology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Pune, IND
| | - Neelam V Gavali
- Department of Periodontology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Pune, IND
| | - Nishita Bhosale
- Department of Periodontology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Pune, IND
| | - Yogesh Khadtare
- Department of Periodontology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Pune, IND
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Marty L, Hoornaert A, Enkel B, Penhoat A, Colat-Parros J, Soueidan A, Jordana F. Implant Health in Treated Periodontitis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:240. [PMID: 39195084 DOI: 10.3390/dj12080240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the role of a history of periodontitis on implant failure. The two main judgment criteria studied are peri-implantitis and the survival rate. The two secondary judgment criteria studied are the mean pocket depth and the mean peri-implant bone loss. METHODS An electronic search was performed via five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, ScienceDirect, LILACS and the Cochrane Library) and was supplemented by manual searching. The search was undertaken in June 2024. RESULTS Of 10 775 potentially eligible articles, 8 were included in the qualitative analysis and 10 in the quantitative synthesis. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that a history of periodontitis has a significant impact on the rate of peri-implantitis, survival rate, mean bone loss and pocket depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Marty
- Dental Faculty, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, BP 84215, 44042 Nantes, France
| | - Alain Hoornaert
- Dental Faculty, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, BP 84215, 44042 Nantes, France
| | - Bénédicte Enkel
- Dental Faculty, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, BP 84215, 44042 Nantes, France
| | - Alan Penhoat
- Dental Faculty, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, BP 84215, 44042 Nantes, France
| | - Jacques Colat-Parros
- Dental Faculty, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Assem Soueidan
- Dental Faculty, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, BP 84215, 44042 Nantes, France
| | - Fabienne Jordana
- Dental Faculty, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, BP 84215, 44042 Nantes, France
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Abushama AA, Osman NA. Comparative Analysis of the Antibacterial Properties of Various Periodontal Bone Graft Materials In Vitro. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S2503-S2505. [PMID: 39346280 PMCID: PMC11426878 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_336_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontal bone grafting is a common procedure in dentistry to restore bone loss resulting from periodontal disease. Various graft materials are available, each with different antibacterial properties. Understanding these properties is crucial for successful grafting outcomes. Materials and Methods In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the antibacterial properties of four commonly used periodontal bone graft materials: The graft used were A: Hydroxyapatite, B: B TCP, C: Bioactive glass, D: Calcium Phosphate materials. Each material was subjected to in vitro testing using a standardized bacterial culture assay. Antibacterial activity was assessed by measuring the zone of inhibition around each material after exposure to bacterial cultures. Results Material A exhibited the highest antibacterial activity with an average zone of inhibition of 12.3 mm, followed by Material C with 9.8 mm, Material D with 8.5 mm, and Material B with 6.2 mm. These arbitrary values reflect the relative efficacy of each material in inhibiting bacterial growth. Conclusion Our findings suggest that Material A possesses the strongest antibacterial properties among the tested periodontal bone graft materials. This may contribute to improved clinical outcomes in periodontal bone grafting procedures by reducing the risk of postoperative infections. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the antibacterial effects of these materials and to validate our in vitro findings in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza A. Abushama
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuha Abdalla Osman
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Zainal Abidin Z, Noor E, Mohd Nor NS, Mohamed Nazari NS, Anuar Zaini A, Azizi NZ, Soelar SA, Shahrizad MM, Abdul Halim R. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients' Self-perception of Periodontal Diseases. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:534-543. [PMID: 38049120 PMCID: PMC11132774 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to evaluate type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients' self-perceived periodontal health status and to identify the association between periodontal disease (PD) and DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included 113 T1DM children between 3 and 18 years old from the Universiti Teknologi MARA and the University of Malaya. Periodontal health parameters, including plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, simplified basic periodontal examination, and clinical attachment loss, were recorded. Self-perceived periodontal health status was assessed with questionnaires. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the sensitivity of the questionnaire and the relationship between T1DM and periodontal parameters. RESULTS The median age was 11.4 years. Half of them (50.4%) were females. A total of 83.5% rated their oral condition as good, whereas 27.5% reported a history of gingival bleeding. Clinical examination revealed that 48.7% had healthy gingiva, whereas 47.8% had gingivitis. The question "Do you have bleeding when brushing, flossing, or eating food?" showed good accuracy in the evaluation of PD (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The questionnaire has a high potential to be used by medical professionals in identifying T1DM patients at risk of PD to guide nondental health care providers in making appropriate referrals to dental services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaridah Zainal Abidin
- Centre of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Erni Noor
- Centre of Studies for Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noor Shafina Mohd Nor
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute for Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Azriyanti Anuar Zaini
- Paediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Zeety Azizi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shahrul Aiman Soelar
- Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Marshah Mohamad Shahrizad
- Kuching Division Dental Office, Sarawak State Dental Health Department, Braang Bayur Dental Clinic, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Rohaida Abdul Halim
- Centre of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
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12
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Chang KW, Mazul AL, Lander DP, Wahle BM, Yan EZ, Thorstad WL, Puram SV, Jackson RS, Pipkorn P, Paniello RC, Zolkind PA, Olshan AF, Zevallos JP. Poor Dental Health as a Risk Factor for Alveolar Ridge Malignancies. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 170:1081-1090. [PMID: 38219743 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between poor dental health and risk of oral cavity squamous cell cancer (OCSCC) at individual tumor subsites. STUDY DESIGN Case-control and cross-sectional METHODS: A case-control study was performed using a population-based cohort in North Carolina (Carolina Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Study [CHANCE]). A secondary cross-sectional analysis was performed with an institutional cohort (WashU/Siteman). Cases were adults with primary OCSCC and an identifiable tumor subsite. In the CHANCE cohort, controls were adults without head and neck cancer. In the Washington University/Siteman cohort, patients with tongue cancer served as the comparator group. We used number of missing teeth (categorized 0-6, 7-24, 25-28) as a surrogate for poor dental health, which was self-reported in CHANCE and measured on a pretreatment computed tomography scan in the WashU/Siteman study. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for missing teeth were estimated for each tumor subsite using binomial logistic regression models. RESULTS Near complete tooth loss (25-28 teeth) was associated with a 3.5-fold increased risk of alveolar ridge malignancy (aOR: 3.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-11.01, P = .03) in the CHANCE study. This association was confirmed in our cross-sectional analysis (WashU/Siteman study) where missing 25-28 teeth was associated with an increased risk of alveolar ridge compared to tongue cancer (aOR: 4.60; 95% CI: 1.97-11.10, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests an association between poor dental health and risk of alveolar ridge cancer independent of smoking, alcohol use, age, race, and sex. Future prospective and translational studies are needed to confirm this association and elucidate the mechanism of dental disease in alveolar ridge malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine W Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Angela L Mazul
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel P Lander
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Benjamin M Wahle
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Emily Z Yan
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Wade L Thorstad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sidharth V Puram
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ryan S Jackson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Patrik Pipkorn
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Randal C Paniello
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Paul A Zolkind
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jose P Zevallos
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, USA
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13
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Tortolini C, Gigli V, Angeloni A, Tasca F, Thanh NTK, Antiochia R. A disposable immunosensor for the detection of salivary MMP-8 as biomarker of periodontitis. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 156:108590. [PMID: 37976772 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the development of a novel voltammetric immunosensor for the detection of salivary MMP-8 at the point-of-care. The electrochemical platform was based on a graphene (GPH) screen-printed electrode (SPE) functionalized by gold-nanospheres (AuNSs) and antibodies against MMP-8 protein (anti-MMP-8). The functionalization with anti-MMP-8 was realized by using 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (11-MUA), thanks to its ability to give strong sulfur bonds with its -SH end, and to cross-link the -NH2 groups of the antibody molecule with the other -COOH end, using the traditional EDC-NHS method. The voltammetric sensor showed good performances with a linear range of 2.5-300 ng mL-1, a LOD value of 1.0 ± 0.1 ng mL-1 and a sensitivity of 0.05 µA mL cm-2 ng-1. Moreover, the proposed immunosensor was tested in real saliva samples, showing comparable results to those obtained with the conventional ELISA method. The biosensor was single-use and cost-effective and required a small quantity of test medium and a short preparation time, representing a very attractive biosensor for MMP-8 detection in human saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Tortolini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Gigli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Angeloni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Tasca
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Department of Materials Chemistry, University of Santiago of Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo ÓHiggins 3363, 8320000 Estacion Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nguyen T K Thanh
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; UCL Healthcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials Laboratories, Royal Institution of Great Britain, 21 Albermarle Street, London W1S 4BS, UK
| | - Riccarda Antiochia
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Naseer A, Mc Garrigle C, McLoughlin J, O'Connell B. Tooth loss is associated with prevalent diabetes and incident diabetes in a longitudinal study of adults in Ireland. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:111-119. [PMID: 37723132 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between periodontal status, tooth loss and diabetes among community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and over in Ireland. METHODS From respondents who attended a health assessment in Wave 3 of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), an opportunistic sample was selected for an oral health examination. The oral health examination criteria were used in previous Irish surveys and WHO recommendations. For diabetes, the self-reported and objectively measured data on diabetes for the same cohort from Wave 3 to Wave 5 of TILDA was used. Multinomial regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between diabetes and tooth loss and tooth loss and incident diabetes, controlling for other covariates. RESULTS Out of the 3111 people who were offered an oral health assessment 2539 were examined. For the purposes of analysis, the adults below 50 years of age (n = 31) and those with an incomplete oral health assessment (n = 4) were omitted from the sample. The final sample consisted of 2504 people, giving a response rate of 80.5%. Among the study sample, 9.9% (n = 249) were edentate; 35.7% (n = 895) had 1-19 teeth and 54.4% (n = 1360) had ≥20 teeth. From the sample of 2504 adults, 2358 had HbA1c results and 8.4% (n = 198) of these had diabetes according to the TILDA criteria. Multinomial regression analysis showed that diabetes was associated with tooth loss. Diabetes at Wave 3 was associated with a higher rate of being edentate (PR 2.12, 95% CI 1.27-3.52) relative to having ≥20 teeth while controlling for the effect of age, gender, education level, area of residence, body mass index (BMI) and smoking. Furthermore, having 1-19 teeth at Wave 3 was associated with incident diabetes over a 4-year follow-up (OR 1.94, 1.00-3.75). There was no evidence of an association between diabetes and periodontal status as measured in this sample. CONCLUSION The results suggested that diabetes was associated with tooth loss and that this relationship may be bi-directional among community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and over in Ireland, but they do not support a relationship between diabetes and periodontal status in this sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amara Naseer
- Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christine Mc Garrigle
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jacinta McLoughlin
- Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian O'Connell
- Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Ryu KY, Pokhrel NK, Jung HJ, Kim HJ, Seok J, Kim TY, Kim HJ, Lee JH, Kim JY, Kim YG, Lee Y. Mer tyrosine kinase regulates bone metabolism, and its deficiency partially ameliorates periodontitis- and ovariectomy-induced bone loss in mice. JBMR Plus 2024; 8:ziad014. [PMID: 38505527 PMCID: PMC10945713 DOI: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is maintained by tightly coordinated activities of bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts. In the present report, the role of Mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK) in bone metabolism was investigated. The expression of MerTK decreased upon BMP2 stimulation of osteoblast precursors. The femurs of Mertk-deficient mice showed significantly increased bone volume with concomitant increase of bone formation and reduction in bone resorption. These bone phenotypes were attributed to the increased osteoblast differentiation and mineralization accounted by the enhanced β-catenin and Smad signaling in the absence of MerTK in osteoblast precursors. Although the Mertk-deficient bone marrow macrophages were predisposed to enhanced osteoclast differentiation via augmented Ca2+-NFATc1 signaling, the dramatic increase of Tnfsf11b/Tnfsf11 (Opg/Rankl) ratio in Mertk knockout bones and osteoblast precursors corroborated the reduction of osteoclastogenesis in Mertk deficiency. In ligature-induced periodontitis and ovariectomy models, the bone resorption was significantly attenuated in Mertk-deficient mice compared with wild-type control. Taken together, these data indicate novel role of MerTK in bone metabolism and suggest a potential strategy targeting MerTK in treating bone-lytic diseases including periodontitis and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Young Ryu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Nitin Kumar Pokhrel
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Jiwon Seok
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Ji Hye Lee
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Yong-Gun Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Youngkyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
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Gao S, Zhang Z, Sun K, Li MX, Qi YJ. Upper gastrointestinal tract microbiota with oral origin in relation to oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Ann Med 2023; 55:2295401. [PMID: 38151037 PMCID: PMC10763922 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2295401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Poor oral hygiene is linked to high risks of many systemic diseases, including cancers. Oral dysbiosis is closely associated with poor oral hygiene, causing tooth loss, gingivitis, and periodontitis. We provide a summary of studies and discuss the risk factors for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) from a microbial perspective in this review.Methods: A literature search of studies published before December 31, 2022 from PubMed, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library was performed. The search strategies included the following keywords: (1) oral care, oral health, oral hygiene, dental health, dental hygiene, tooth loss, teeth loss, tooth absence, missing teeth, edentulism, tooth brushing, mouthwash, and tooth cleaning; (2) esophageal, esophagus, oesophagus, and oesophageal; (3) cancer, carcinoma, tumor, and neoplasm.Discussion: Poor oral health, indicated by infrequent tooth brushing, chronic periodontitis, and tooth loss, has been associated with an increased risk of squamous dysplasia and ESCC. Oral microbial diversity and composition are profoundly dysregulated during oesophageal tumorigenesis. Similar to the oral microbiota, the oesophageal microbiota varies distinctly in multiple bacterial taxa in ESCC and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma, both of which have high co-occurrence rates in the "Oesophageal Cancer Belt". In addition, the potential roles of oncogenic viruses in ESCC have also been discussed. We also briefly explore the potential mechanisms underlying the tumor-promoting role of dysregulated microbiota for the development of therapeutic targeting strategies.Conclusion: Poor oral health is an established risk indicator of ESCC. The dysbiosis of microbiota in upper gastrointestinal tract that highly resembles the oral microbial ecosystem but with distinct features at individual sites contributes to the development and progression of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shegan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zichao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Kui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Meng-Xiang Li
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yi-Jun Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Brinar S, Skvarča A, Gašpirc B, Schara R. The effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on periodontal disease and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:6235-6244. [PMID: 37672083 PMCID: PMC10560165 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study is aimed at determining the effect of concomitant antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPTD) on periodontal disease and glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four patients with T2DM were enrolled in the study. Periodontal clinical parameters were assessed by measuring probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival recession (GR), full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS), full-mouth plaque score (FMPS), and full-mouth sulcus bleeding score (FMSBS). Glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was measured. To determine the presence of the following periodontal pathogenic bacteria, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola, subgingival plaque samples were taken from two periodontal pockets per jaw with the greatest PPD using paper tips. Patients were randomly divided into the test and control group. In the test group, full-mouth disinfection was performed in combination with aPTD. In the control group, only full-mouth disinfection was performed. RESULTS The results showed an improvement in periodontal clinical parameters in both groups. The difference between the groups in favour of the test group was statistically significant for BOP. The HbA1c level decreased in both groups. The difference was not statistically significant. The results of the microbiological analysis suggest that the presence of periodontal pathogenic bacteria is lower with additional antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with statistically significant difference for T. forsythia. CONCLUSIONS Additional aPDT causes a significant reduction in BoP in the proportion of positive sites for periodontal pathogens. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05816941. CLINICAL RELEVANCE aPTD is a noninvasive adjunctive therapy that can positively influence the periodontal treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Brinar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Community Health Centre Murska Sobota, Murska Sobota, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Skvarča
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boris Gašpirc
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rok Schara
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Ghazal M, Ahmed S, Farooqui WA, Khalid F, Riaz S, Akber A, Shabbir S, Khan FR, Sadiq A. A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of antibiotics versus probiotics as an adjuvant to nonsurgical periodontal treatment among smokers with Stage III, Grade C generalized periodontitis. Clin Adv Periodontics 2023; 13:197-204. [PMID: 37327229 DOI: 10.1002/cap.10253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics are viable microorganisms, which if delivered in appropriate dose can provide health benefits. Lactobacillus reuteri (DM17938+ATCC PTA 5289) has been recommended as a safe choice for probiotics. The objective of this study is to compare the improvement in the periodontal parameters amongst smokers with generalized periodontitis with Stage III, Grade C treated with nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) to which either an antibiotics or probiotics were given as an adjuvant. METHODS Sixty smokers with Stage III, Grade C generalized periodontitis were randomized in two groups after taking informed consent. Periodontal parameters including bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were recorded. Group 1 received (after NSPT and oral hygiene instructions) amoxicillin and metronidazole for 7 days and a placebo for probiotics for 30 days. Group 2 was provided (after NSPT and oral hygiene instructions) with one tablet of Lactobacillus reuteri probiotics (2 × 108 CFU) twice daily for 30 days and placebo antibiotics for 7 days. The periodontal parameters were recorded again at 1- and 3-month follow-ups as outcome variables. Mean, standard deviation, and confidence interval were reported using SPSS 20.0. RESULTS A statistically significant clinical improvement in the PD, BOP, PI, and GI were observed in both the groups at 3-month follow-up. However, the AL remained unchanged in both the groups. CONCLUSIONS Administration of probiotics and antibiotics along with NSPT yield statistically significant differences in PD and BOP from baseline to 3-month follow-up. However, between the group differences were not statistically significant for the periodontal parameters (AL, PD, and BOP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Ghazal
- Department of Periodontology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ahmed
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Dr. Ishratul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Fizza Khalid
- Department of Periodontology, Baqai Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sania Riaz
- Department of Periodontology, Baqai Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ather Akber
- Department of Periodontology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sumaiya Shabbir
- Department of Periodontology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Raza Khan
- Department of Surgery, Section Dentistry, Aga Khan University & Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sadiq
- Department of Surgery, Section Dentistry, Aga Khan University & Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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19
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Fujii T, Aoyama N, Kida S, Taniguchi K, Yata T, Minabe M, Komaki M. Associations between Periodontal Status and Liver Function in the Japanese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4759. [PMID: 37510874 PMCID: PMC10381182 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A relationship between periodontitis and liver function has been suggested. Indeed, patients with severe periodontal disease have been found to be more prone to liver dysfunction. The periodontal inflammatory surface area (PISA) has been shown to be a useful indicator of periodontal and systemic diseases. However, little information is available regarding whether the PISA is associated with liver function markers, such as gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). This study aimed to clarify relationship between liver function markers, AST, ALT, and GGT, and PISA level in a cross-sectional study. The subjects were recruited between 2018 and 2021 at the Medical and Dental Collaboration Center of Kanagawa Dental College Hospital. A periodontal clinical examination was performed, and the PISA was calculated. Peripheral blood samples were collected, and serum levels of liver function markers were measured. The levels of liver function markers were examined in different values of PISA. Participants with high PISA scores were more likely to have increased GGT levels while AST and ALT were not changed with PISA. Increased GGT was found in 10.8% and 29.4% (p = 0.0056), increased AST in 48.2% and 52.9% (p = 0.62), and increased ALT in 35.2% and 47.0% (p = 0.20) among <300 mm2 and ≧300 mm2 PISA groups, respectively. It was found that males with a PISA of 300 mm2 or higher had an elevated level of serum GGT. In conclusion, elevated GGT was found in the high PISA group, particularly in males, while AST and ALT did not differ by PISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiya Fujii
- Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Norio Aoyama
- Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sayuri Kida
- Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kentaro Taniguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yata
- Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masato Minabe
- Bunkyou Dori Dental Clinic, 2-4-1 Anagawa, Chiba 263-0024, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motohiro Komaki
- Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan
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20
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Pejcic A, Kostic M, Marko I, Obradovic R, Minic I, Bradic-Vasic M, Gligorijevic N, Kurtagic D. Tooth loss and periodontal status in patients with cardiovascular disease in the Serbian population: A randomized prospective study. Int J Dent Hyg 2022; 21:317-327. [PMID: 36578147 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic periodontal infections may predispose to cardiovascular disease. Since tooth loss may be due to periodontitis it is assumed that tooth loss can also predisposes cardiovascular disease. The aim was to investigate the possible relationship between the severity of the clinical picture of periodontitis and the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. METHODS We evaluated the association between clinical periodontal parameters, tooth loss and cardiovascular incident. A total of 100 subjects (50 subjects diagnosed with cardiovascular disease and 50 in control group without cardiovascular disease) underwent a dental examination. Tooth loss in all participants was caused only as a consequence of periodontitis. In addition to periodontal status, conventional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, smoking, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes) were measured, too. RESULTS Periodontal status was worse in patients in the group with cardiovascular disease compared to the group without cardiovascular disease. A significant association was observed between tooth loss levels and cardiovascular disease. In the group of patients who had cardiovascular disease, tooth loss was more than 50%. In the group of patients without cardiovascular disease, tooth loss was about 20% of the total number of teeth. A significant association was observed between tooth loss levels and cardiovascular disease prevalence. CONCLUSION This study presents relationship between number of teeth and cardiovascular disease, indicating a link between oral health and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pejcic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Clinic of Dental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Milena Kostic
- Department of Prosthodontics, Clinic of Dental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Igic Marko
- Department of Prosthodontics, Clinic of Dental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Radmila Obradovic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Clinic of Dental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Ivan Minic
- Postdoctoral Study, Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Marija Bradic-Vasic
- Postdoctoral Study, Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Nikola Gligorijevic
- Postdoctoral Study, Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Dzemil Kurtagic
- Postdoctoral Study, Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
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21
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Tk F, Rao RJ, S S, Prabhu S, Rudresh V, Oradiyath D. Comparative analysis of sulfiredoxin and total oxidative stress levels in diabetic individuals with periodontitis: A case-control study. J Periodontol 2022. [PMID: 36542371 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The delicate balance between oxidative stress and its antioxidant system can be disrupted in diabetes mellitus (DM), making the tissue susceptible to injury. Hence, this case-control study aims to estimate and correlate the gingival tissue sulfiredoxin and crevicular total oxidative stress (TOS) levels in generalized periodontitis Stage II individuals Grade C (PSII) with and without type II DM. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 72 individuals were grouped based on their glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and clinical parameters: group I, periodontally healthy non-diabetic (HbA1c < 5.7%) (n = 24); group II, non-diabetic with PSII (n = 24); and group III, diabetic individuals (HbA1c > 6.5%) with PSII (n = 24). Gingival tissues and crevicular fluid samples were collected. The samples with adequate protein concentrations (n = 72) were further estimated for sulfiredoxin and TOS levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and calorimetric method, respectively. RESULTS Tissue sulfiredoxin and crevicular TOS levels are increased significantly in the periodontitis group compared to the non-periodontitis group (p < 0.001).The tissue sulfiredoxin levels did not vary significantly between the two periodontitis groups (p < 0.179). The TOS levels are significantly higher in the diabetic compared to non-diabetic periodontitis group (p < 0.001). Correlation statistics showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.65 and p < 0.005) between sulfiredoxin and TOS levels in diabetes with PSII group, however, no such significant correlation was observed in the non-diabetic PSII group (r = 0.255 and p < 0.422). CONCLUSION Diabetic individuals showed inadequate sulfiredoxin-mediated antioxidant response to an increase in oxidative stress levels in periodontitis Stage II Grade C individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayiza Tk
- Department of Periodontics, Bangalore Institute of Dental Sciences and Postgraduate, Research Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravi J Rao
- Department of Periodontics, Bangalore Institute of Dental Sciences and Postgraduate, Research Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Srirangarajan S
- Department of Periodontics, Bangalore Institute of Dental Sciences and Postgraduate, Research Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Srikumar Prabhu
- Department of Periodontics, Bangalore Institute of Dental Sciences and Postgraduate, Research Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vinaya Rudresh
- Department of Periodontics, Bangalore Institute of Dental Sciences and Postgraduate, Research Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepika Oradiyath
- Department of Periodontics, Bangalore Institute of Dental Sciences and Postgraduate, Research Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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22
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Chatzopoulos GS, Doufexi AE, Zarenti S, Anastasopoulos M, Kouvatsi A. Periodontal disease progression and gene polymorphisms: results after 3 years of active periodontal treatment. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2022; 71:329-338. [PMID: 35686958 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.22.04709-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although non-surgical periodontal treatment is considered the gold standard, a subgroup of patients displays recurrence/progression of periodontitis after treatment. The aim of the present prospective study was to assess the effect of IL-6 -572 G/C and IL-10 -592 C/A gene polymorphisms on the risk of disease recurrence/progression at 3 years following non-surgical periodontal treatment. METHODS Thirty-seven patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis received oral hygiene instructions and non-surgical periodontal treatment and were monitored for 3 years. All individuals were clinically evaluated for PPD, CAL and BOP at baseline and 3 years. Based on the clinical findings at 3 years, all subjects were considered either "at risk" or "not at risk" of periodontal disease progression based on specific criteria. Blood samples were collected at baseline and genotyping of the polymorphisms in IL-6 (rs1800796) and IL-10 (rs1800872) genes were performed by PCR. RESULTS Following DNA separation and genotyping, 70.3% of the patients were homozygous carriers of the IL-6 -572G and 45.9% were carriers of the IL-10 -592A allele. Individuals at risk of disease progression ranged from 16.2% to 56.8% based on the criteria used. IL-6 -572 G/C and IL-10 -592 C/A polymorphisms were not associated with an increased risk of further disease progression (P>0.05) when the three criteria were examined. All examined periodontal clinical measures were significantly improved (P<0.05) after treatment. Males showed a significantly higher risk of disease progression than females when full-mouth BOP ≥30% was considered (P=0.008). CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this 3-year prospective study, individuals susceptible to periodontal disease as determined by the presence of the IL-6 -572GG genotype or the IL-10 -592A allele were not associated with an increased risk of further disease progression and the potential need for further treatment following non-surgical periodontal treatment. Males were more prone to be at risk of disease progression than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios S Chatzopoulos
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA - .,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece -
| | - Aikaterini-Elisavet Doufexi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Private practitioner, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sofia Zarenti
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Menelaos Anastasopoulos
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kouvatsi
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Domokos Z, Uhrin E, Szabó B, Czumbel ML, Dembrovszky F, Kerémi B, Varga G, Hegyi P, Hermann P, Németh O. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease have a higher chance of developing periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1020126. [PMID: 36425101 PMCID: PMC9679143 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1020126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Periodontitis affects up to one billion people worldwide, and has been proven to be associated with several systemic inflammatory conditions. This study investigates the specific relationship between two multifactorial diseases: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and periodontitis. To thoroughly explore this issue, we investigated separately whether IBD patients have a higher chance of developing periodontitis, and equally, whether patients with periodontitis have a higher chance of developing IBD. Methods The systematic search was performed in three databases: MEDLINE, Cochrane Trials, and Embase, up to 26 October 2021. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO. All eligible studies investigating the association between IBD and periodontitis from either direction were included. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the risk of bias. As a primary outcome, we investigated the prevalence of IBD and periodontitis, and calculated the odds ratio (OR). Our secondary outcomes involved comparing the clinical periodontal outcomes of IBD patients to those of IBD-free patients. Results The systematic search resulted in 1,715 records, 14 of which were eligible for qualitative synthesis and 8 for quantitative synthesis. On the basis of the results of the primary outcome, IBD diagnosis was associated with significantly higher odds of periodontitis: OR = 2.65 (CI: 2.09-3.36, I 2 = 0 (CI: 0-0.75)). For subgroup analysis, we investigated separately the odds in Crohn's disease (CD) patients: OR = 2.22 (CI: 1.49-3.31, I 2 = 0.05 (CI: 0-0.76)) and in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients: OR = 3.52 (CI: 2.56 to 4.83, I 2 = 0 (CI: 0-0.75)); the odds were significantly higher in all cases. Two studies investigated whether patients with periodontitis were more susceptible to IBD, and both found that periodontitis was significantly associated with the risk of subsequent UC, but not with subsequent CD. However, more studies are needed to prove an association. Conclusion Our analysis confirmed that IBD patients have a higher chance of developing periodontitis, and are a higher risk population in dentistry. Both dentists and gastroenterologists should be aware of this relationship and should emphasize the importance of prevention even more than in the healthy population. Systematic review registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [CRD42021286161].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Domokos
- Department of Community Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Uhrin
- Department of Community Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Szabó
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márk László Czumbel
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Periodontology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fanni Dembrovszky
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Szentágothai Research Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Beáta Kerémi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Varga
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Szentágothai Research Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Division of Pancreatic Diseases, Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hermann
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Németh
- Department of Community Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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24
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The Link between Stroke Risk and Orodental Status-A Comprehensive Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195854. [PMID: 36233721 PMCID: PMC9572898 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the primary causes of disability and mortality in the adult population worldwide is stroke. A person's general health is significantly impacted by their oral and dental health. People who have poor oral health are more susceptible to conditions such as stroke. Stroke risk has long been linked to oral and dental conditions. The risk of stroke and its cost impact on the healthcare systems appear to be significantly reduced as a result of the decline in the incidence and prevalence of oral and dental illnesses. Hypothetically, better management of oral hygiene and dental health lead to reduced stroke risk. To the authors' best knowledge, for the first time, the potential link between dental health and stroke were cross-examined. The most typical stroke symptoms, oral and dental illnesses linked to stroke, and the role of oral healthcare professionals in stroke prevention are revealed. The potential mediating processes and subsequent long-term cognitive and functional neurological outcomes are based on the available literature. It must be noted that periodontal diseases and tooth loss are two common oral health measures. Lack of knowledge on the effects of poor oral health on systemic health together with limited access to primary medical or dental care are considered to be partially responsible for the elevated risk of stroke. Concrete evidence confirming the associations between oral inflammatory conditions and stroke in large cohort prospective studies, stratifying association between oral disease severity and stroke risk and disease effects on stroke survival will be desirable. In terms of clinical pathology, a predictive model of stroke as a function of oral health status, and biomarkers of systemic inflammation could be useful for both cardiologists and dentists.
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25
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Kanagasingam S, von Ruhland C, Welbury R, Chukkapalli SS, Singhrao SK. Porphyromonas gingivalis Conditioned Medium Induces Amyloidogenic Processing of the Amyloid-β Protein Precursor upon in vitro Infection of SH-SY5Y Cells. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2022; 6:577-587. [PMID: 36275415 PMCID: PMC9535609 DOI: 10.3233/adr-220029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cleavage of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) mediated by host secretase enzymes, releases several fragments including amyloid-β (Aβ40 and Aβ42). Objective: To determine if Porphyromonas gingivalis conditioned medium cleaved AβPP to release Aβ40 and Aβ42. Methods: The SH-SY5Y cell line was challenged, in vitro, with P. gingivalis (Pg381) conditioned medium in the presence/absence of cytokines. The cells and their supernatants were assessed for AβPP cleavage fragments by immunoblotting and transmission electron microscopy. Results: Western blotting of the cell lysates with the anti-AβPP C-terminal antibody demonstrated variable molecular weight bands corresponding to full length and fragmented AβPP in lanes treated with the following factors: Tryptic soy broth (TSB), Pg381, IL-6, Pg381 + IL-1β, and Pg381 + TNF-α. The low molecular weight bands corresponding to the C99 dimerized fragment were observed in the Pg381 and interlukin-6 (IL-6) treated groups and were significantly more intense in the presence of Pg381 with either IL-6 or TNF-α. Bands corresponding to the dimerized C83 fragment were observed with cells treated with TNF-α alone and with Pg381 combined with IL-1β or IL-6 or TNF-α. The anti-Aβ antibody detected statistically significant Aβ40 and Aβ42, levels when these two Aβ species were pooled across test samples and compared to the untreated group. Electron microscopic examination of the supernatants demonstrated insoluble Aβ40 and Aβ42. Conclusion: These observations strongly imply that AβPP is an infection responsive protein cleaved via the amyloidogenic pathway on exposure to conditioned medium and in the presence of pro-inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Kanagasingam
- Brain and Behavior Centre, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Christopher von Ruhland
- Electron and Light Microscopy Facility, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
| | - Richard Welbury
- Brain and Behavior Centre, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | | | - Sim K. Singhrao
- Brain and Behavior Centre, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
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26
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Heikkilä P, Niskanen L, But A, Sorsa T, Haukka J. Oral health associated with incident diabetes but not other chronic diseases: A register-based cohort study. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 3:956072. [PMID: 36060115 PMCID: PMC9433743 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2022.956072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral infectious diseases are common chronic oral diseases characterized by a chronic inflammatory condition. We investigated chronic oral diseases as potential risk factors for systemic chronic diseases, diabetes mellitus, connective tissue diseases, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease, as well as severe psychotic and other severe mental disorders. Methods The cohort comprised 68,273 patients aged ≥ 29 years with at least one dental visit to the Helsinki City Health Services between 2001 and 2002. The cohort was linked to the data on death (Statistics Finland), cancer (Finnish Cancer Registry), and drug reimbursement (Finnish Social Insurance Institution) and followed until death or the end of 2013. The outcomes of interest were the incidences of chronic diseases measured starting with special refund medication, which means Social Insurance Institution partly or fully reimburses medication costs. Outcomes of interest were diabetes mellitus, connective tissue diseases, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, and severe mental disorders. Results The mean follow-up time was 9.8 years. About 25% of the study population had periodontitis, 17% caries, over 70% apical periodontitis, and 9% <24 teeth at the start of follow-up. Diabetes was the only chronic systemic condition associated with oral health variables. Having 24 to 27 teeth was associated with a higher incidence rate ratio (IRR) (1.21, 95% confidence interval 1.09-1.33) compared to having 28 or more teeth; the IRR for having 23 or less was 1.40 (1.22-1.60). Having periodontitis (1.10, 1.01-1.20), caries (1.12, 1.01-1.23), or apical periodontitis (1.16, 1.04-1.30) is also associated with a higher risk of diabetes. Conclusion Our epidemiological 10 years follow-up study suggests that the association exists between chronic oral diseases and diabetes, warranting close collaboration among patient's healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Heikkilä
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leo Niskanen
- Internal Medicine, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital Hospital and Universities of Helsinki and Eastern Finland, Lahti, Finland
| | - Anna But
- Department of Public Health, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jari Haukka
- Department of Public Health, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Luo H, Wu B, Kamer AR, Adhikari S, Sloan F, Plassman BL, Tan C, Qi X, Schwartz MD. Oral Health, Diabetes, and Inflammation: Effects of Oral Hygiene Behaviour. Int Dent J 2022; 72:484-490. [PMID: 34857389 PMCID: PMC9259379 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this research was to assess the association between inflammation and oral health and diabetes, as well as the mediating role of oral hygiene practice in this association. METHODS Data were from the 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The analytical sample consisted of 2,191 respondents aged 50 and older. Poor oral health was clinically defined by significant tooth loss (STL) and periodontal disease (PD). Diabetes mellitus (DM) was determined by glycemic levels. The outcome variable was serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level, dichotomised as ≥1 mg/dL (elevated CRP) vs <1 mg/dL (not elevated CRP). Two path models, one using STL and DM as the independent variable, the other using PD and DM as the independent variable, were estimated to assess the direct effects of having poor oral health and DM on elevated CRP and the mediating effects of dental flossing. RESULTS In path model 1, individuals having both STL and DM (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-2.82) or having STL alone (AOR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.68-3.15) were more likely to have elevated CRP than those with neither STL nor DM; dental flossing (AOR, 0.92, 95% CI, 0.88-0.96) was associated with lower risk of elevated CRP. In path model 2, no significant association was found between having both PD and DM and elevated CRP; dental flossing (AOR, 0.91; 95% CI:, 0.86-0.94) was associated with lower risk of elevated CRP. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study highlight the importance of improving oral health and oral hygiene practice to mitigate inflammation. Further research is needed to assess the longer-term effects of reducing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabin Luo
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Bei Wu
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Angela R Kamer
- College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Frank Sloan
- Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Chenxin Tan
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xiang Qi
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mark D Schwartz
- Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York. USA
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28
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Dionigi C, Larsson L, Difloe-Geisert JC, Zitzmann NU, Berglundh T. Cellular expression of epigenetic markers and oxidative stress in periodontitis lesions of smokers and non-smokers. J Periodontal Res 2022; 57:952-959. [PMID: 35766184 PMCID: PMC9542336 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate differences in the cellular expression of epigenetic markers and oxidative stress in periodontitis lesions between current smokers and non‐smokers. Background Tobacco smoking is recognized as one of the major risk factors for periodontitis. However, the mechanisms by which smoking affects the progression of the disease remain to be determined. Methods Twenty‐five current smokers and 21 non‐smokers with generalized severe periodontitis were included. From each patient, one soft tissue biopsy from a periodontitis site was harvested and prepared for histological analysis. The infiltrated connective tissue (ICT) was selected as the region of interest to assess the cellular expression of epigenetic markers and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (RONS) by immunohistochemistry. Results Although the ICT of smokers and non‐smokers did not differ in size or in the expression of markers for DNA damage or oxidative stress, current smokers presented with significantly lower area proportions and densities of cells positive for the epigenetic markers DNMT1 and AcH3. In addition, periodontitis lesions in current smokers presented with a diminished antimicrobial activity, as indicated by significantly lower densities and area proportions of NOX2‐ and iNOS‐positive cells. Conclusions Components of the host response and epigenetic mechanisms in periodontitis lesions in smokers are downregulated as opposed to lesions of non‐smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Dionigi
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Larsson
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julia C Difloe-Geisert
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicola U Zitzmann
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tord Berglundh
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Simpson TC, Clarkson JE, Worthington HV, MacDonald L, Weldon JC, Needleman I, Iheozor-Ejiofor Z, Wild SH, Qureshi A, Walker A, Patel VA, Boyers D, Twigg J. Treatment of periodontitis for glycaemic control in people with diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022; 4:CD004714. [PMID: 35420698 PMCID: PMC9009294 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004714.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycaemic control is a key component in diabetes mellitus (diabetes) management. Periodontitis is the inflammation and destruction of the underlying supporting tissues of the teeth. Some studies have suggested a bidirectional relationship between glycaemic control and periodontitis. Treatment for periodontitis involves subgingival instrumentation, which is the professional removal of plaque, calculus, and debris from below the gumline using hand or ultrasonic instruments. This is known variously as scaling and root planing, mechanical debridement, or non-surgical periodontal treatment. Subgingival instrumentation is sometimes accompanied by local or systemic antimicrobials, and occasionally by surgical intervention to cut away gum tissue when periodontitis is severe. This review is part one of an update of a review published in 2010 and first updated in 2015, and evaluates periodontal treatment versus no intervention or usual care. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of periodontal treatment on glycaemic control in people with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. SEARCH METHODS An information specialist searched six bibliographic databases up to 7 September 2021 and additional search methods were used to identify published, unpublished, and ongoing studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus and a diagnosis of periodontitis that compared subgingival instrumentation (sometimes with surgical treatment or adjunctive antimicrobial therapy or both) to no active intervention or 'usual care' (oral hygiene instruction, education or support interventions, and/or supragingival scaling (also known as PMPR, professional mechanical plaque removal)). To be included, the RCTs had to have lasted at least 3 months and have measured HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS At least two review authors independently examined the titles and abstracts retrieved by the search, selected the included trials, extracted data from included trials, and assessed included trials for risk of bias. Where necessary and possible, we attempted to contact study authors. Our primary outcome was blood glucose levels measured as glycated (glycosylated) haemoglobin assay (HbA1c), which can be reported as a percentage of total haemoglobin or as millimoles per mole (mmol/mol). Our secondary outcomes included adverse effects, periodontal indices (bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, gingival index, plaque index, and probing pocket depth), quality of life, cost implications, and diabetic complications. MAIN RESULTS We included 35 studies, which randomised 3249 participants to periodontal treatment or control. All studies used a parallel-RCT design and followed up participants for between 3 and 12 months. The studies focused on people with type 2 diabetes, other than one study that included participants with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Most studies were mixed in terms of whether metabolic control of participants at baseline was good, fair, or poor. Most studies were carried out in secondary care. We assessed two studies as being at low risk of bias, 14 studies at high risk of bias, and the risk of bias in 19 studies was unclear. We undertook a sensitivity analysis for our primary outcome based on studies at low risk of bias and this supported the main findings. Moderate-certainty evidence from 30 studies (2443 analysed participants) showed an absolute reduction in HbA1c of 0.43% (4.7 mmol/mol) 3 to 4 months after treatment of periodontitis (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.59% to -0.28%; -6.4 mmol/mol to -3.0 mmol/mol). Similarly, after 6 months, we found an absolute reduction in HbA1c of 0.30% (3.3 mmol/mol) (95% CI -0.52% to -0.08%; -5.7 mmol/mol to -0.9 mmol/mol; 12 studies, 1457 participants), and after 12 months, an absolute reduction of 0.50% (5.4 mmol/mol) (95% CI -0.55% to -0.45%; -6.0 mmol/mol to -4.9 mmol/mol; 1 study, 264 participants). Studies that measured adverse effects generally reported that no or only mild harms occurred, and any serious adverse events were similar in intervention and control arms. However, adverse effects of periodontal treatments were not evaluated in most studies. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Our 2022 update of this review has doubled the number of included studies and participants, which has led to a change in our conclusions about the primary outcome of glycaemic control and in our level of certainty in this conclusion. We now have moderate-certainty evidence that periodontal treatment using subgingival instrumentation improves glycaemic control in people with both periodontitis and diabetes by a clinically significant amount when compared to no treatment or usual care. Further trials evaluating periodontal treatment versus no treatment/usual care are unlikely to change the overall conclusion reached in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry C Simpson
- Edinburgh Dental Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Janet E Clarkson
- School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Cochrane Oral Health, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Helen V Worthington
- Cochrane Oral Health, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Laura MacDonald
- Cochrane Oral Health, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jo C Weldon
- Faculty of Health and Care, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Ian Needleman
- Unit of Periodontology and International Centre for Evidence-Based Oral Health, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Sarah H Wild
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ambrina Qureshi
- Department of Community Dentistry, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Veena A Patel
- Orthodontic Department, Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Joshua Twigg
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Saghiri MA, Sheibani N, Kawai T, Nath D, Dadvand S, Amini S, Vakhnovetsky J, Morgano SM. Diabetes Negatively Affects Tooth Enamel and Dentine Microhardness: An In-vivo Study. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 139:105434. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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A Novel Glucose-Sensitive Scaffold Accelerates Osteogenesis in Diabetic Conditions. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4133562. [PMID: 35342759 PMCID: PMC8956406 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4133562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mandibular bone regeneration is still a big challenge in those diabetic patients with poorly controlled blood glucose. In this study, we prepared a novel glucose-sensitive controlled-release fiber scaffold (PVA-HTCC/PEO-rhBMP2-glucose oxidase (PHPB-G)), which contained the recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP2) by coaxial cospinning and grafted with glucose oxidase (GOD). We presented evidence that PHPB-G could undergo a series of structural changes with the blood glucose and promoted bone regeneration in diabetic rat. PHPB-G expanded the voids in nanofibers when blood glucose levels elevated. More importantly, its slow-release rhBMP2 effectively promoted the healing of bone defects. These data suggested that the PHPB-G delivery system may provide a potential treatment strategy for patients with severe diabetic alveolar bone defects.
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Ravidà A, Arena C, Tattan M, Caponio VCA, Saleh MHA, Wang HL, Troiano G. The role of keratinized mucosa width as a risk factor for peri-implant disease: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2022; 24:287-300. [PMID: 35298862 PMCID: PMC9311272 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Studies have examined the benefit of having keratinized peri‐implant mucosa width with mixed results. Purpose This study examines whether the lack of a prespecified (2 mm) amount of keratinized mucosa width (KMW) is a risk factor for peri‐implant diseases. Methods A systematic electronic and manual search of randomized or nonrandomized controlled or noncontrolled clinical trials was conducted. Qualitative review, quantitative meta‐analysis, and trial sequence analysis (TSA) of implants inserted at sites with <2 mm or ≥2 mm of KMW were analyzed to compare all the predetermined outcome variables. The level of evidence concerning the role of KMW in peri‐implant health was evaluated via the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system guide. Results Nine studies were included in the qualitative analysis and four in the meta‐analysis and TSA. No significant inter‐group difference (p > 0.05) and a low power of evidence were found for probing depth, soft‐tissue recession, and marginal bone loss. A significant difference favoring ≥2 mm KMW had a lower mean plaque index (MD = 0.37, 95% CI: [0.16, 0.58], p = 0.002) (3 studies, 430 implants, low‐quality evidence). GRADE system showed very low and low quality of evidence for all other outcome measures. Conclusion Based on the available studies, the impact of amount of KMW (either <2 mm or ≥ 2 mm) as a risk factor for developing peri‐implant disease remains low. Future control studies with proper sample size and longer follow‐up are needed to further validate current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ravidà
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, The University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Claudia Arena
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Mustafa Tattan
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Muhammad H A Saleh
- Department of Periodontics, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, The University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Rupe C, Basco A, Schiavelli A, Cassano A, Micciche’ F, Galli J, Cordaro M, Lajolo C. Oral Health Status in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer before Radiotherapy: Baseline Description of an Observational Prospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061411. [PMID: 35326564 PMCID: PMC8945997 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The general hypothesis that HNC patients show compromised oral health (OH) is generally accepted, but it is not evidence-based. The objective of this baseline report of a prospective observational study was to describe the oral health of a cohort of patients with HNC at the time of dental evaluation prior to radiotherapy (RT). (2) Materials and Methods: Two hundred and thirteen patients affected by HNC who had received an indication for RT were examined with the support of orthopantomography (OPT). The DMFt of all included subjects, their periodontal status and the grade of mouth opening were recorded. (3) Results: A total of 195 patients were ultimately included: 146/195 patients (74.9%) showed poor OH (defined as having a DMFt score ≥ 13 and severe periodontitis). The following clinical characteristics were correlated with poor oral health in the univariate analysis: tumor site, smoking habit and age of the patients (in decades); χ2 test, p < 0.05. (4) Conclusions: This study confirms that the OH of HNC patients is often compromised even before the beginning of cancer treatment and, consequently, highlights how important it is to promptly schedule a dental evaluation at the moment of diagnosis of the cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Rupe
- Head and Neck Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, School of Dentistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.R.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (C.L.)
| | - Alessia Basco
- Head and Neck Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, School of Dentistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.R.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (C.L.)
| | - Anna Schiavelli
- Head and Neck Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, School of Dentistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.R.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessandra Cassano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, Institute of Radiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Micciche’
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, Institute of Radiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Jacopo Galli
- Head and Neck Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Massimo Cordaro
- Head and Neck Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, School of Dentistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.R.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (C.L.)
| | - Carlo Lajolo
- Head and Neck Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, School of Dentistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.R.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (C.L.)
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Saghiri MA, Freag P, Nath D, Morgano SM. The effect of diabetes on the tensile bond strength of a restorative dental composite to dentin. Odontology 2022; 110:648-654. [PMID: 35246807 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00697-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the tensile bond strength (TBS) of dental composite resin bonding to enamel and dentin of extracted human teeth. Thirty caries-free human premolar teeth (10 from type 1 DM (D1), 10 from type 2 DM (D2), and 10 from non-diabetic individuals (control)) were wet ground and polished to obtain flat surfaces of dentin (n = 10). 37% phosphoric acid was used to etch dentin specimens for 15 s. After the application of the adhesive system, the composite resins were applied and cured for 20 s. Then, specimens were subjected to TBS testing by Universal Testing Machine (1 mm/min). One specimen from each group was prepared and observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a dot map was generated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (α = 0.05). The TBS values were significantly higher in the control group compared to the D1 and D2 groups (P < 0.05). Between DM groups, D2 values were significantly higher than those in the D1 group. Unlike DM groups, the zigzag fracture pattern was only noticed in the control group. DM adversely affected the TBS of dental composite resins to dentin; this negative effect is more exaggerated by type 1 DM than type 2 DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Saghiri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, MSB C639A-Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA. .,Department of Endodontics, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | | | - Devyani Nath
- Biomaterial and Prosthodontic Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Steven M Morgano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA
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35
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Maruyama T, Kobayashi T, Sugiura Y, Yoneda T, Ekuni D, Morita M. Association between serum miRNAs and gingival gene expression in an obese rat model. J Periodontal Res 2022; 57:502-509. [PMID: 35234284 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies have reported a relationship between periodontitis and obesity; however, the mechanisms of obesity's effects on periodontitis are not well understood. On the other hand, microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to play key roles in the post-transcriptional regulation gene expression by suppressing translation and protein synthesis. We examined the association between obesity-related miRNAs and gene expression in gingival tissue using miRNA-messenger RNA (mRNA) pairing analysis in an obese rat model. METHODS Sixteen male Wistar rats aged 8 weeks old were divided into two groups: the control group was fed a normal powdered food for 8 weeks, and the obesity group was fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. Distance from the cement-enamel junction to the alveolar bone crest of the first molars was measured. miRNA microarray analysis was performed on samples of serum and gingival tissue; the resulting data were used to calculate fold changes in miRNA levels in the obesity group relative to the control group, and miRNA-mRNA pairing analysis was performed to identify mRNAs potentially targeted by miRNAs of interest. RESULTS Alveolar bone loss in the obesity group exceeded that in the control group (p = .017). miRNA-mRNA pairing analysis identified an association between 4 miRNAs (miR-759, miR-9a-3p, miR-203b-3p, and miR-878) that were differentially expressed in the obesity and control groups and 7 genes (Ly86, Arid5b, Rgs18, Mlana, P2ry13, Kif1b, and Myt1) expressed in gingival tissue. CONCLUSION This study revealed that several miRNAs play an important role in the mechanism of periodontal disease progression induced by the obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Maruyama
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.,Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Terumasa Kobayashi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshio Sugiura
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yoneda
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ekuni
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Manabu Morita
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Lee MY, Kim MH, Lee WI, Kang SY. Septic shock caused by Slackia exigua in a patient with diabetes. Anaerobe 2021; 73:102498. [PMID: 34875369 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2021.102498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of septic shock caused by Slackia exigua, an obligatory anaerobic gram-positive rod, in an 82-year-old woman with diabetes. Dental assessment revealed a palatal lesion and untreated periodontitis. Although a resident species in the oral cavity and associated with localized disorders, S. exigua can cause extra-oral diseases, which can be fatal in individuals with risk factors, such as diabetes. Thus, control of oral lesions caused by S. exigua is important to prevent systemic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine and Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myeong Hee Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine and Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Woo In Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine and Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So Young Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine and Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
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Ferreira JA, Kantorski KZ, Dubey N, Daghrery A, Fenno JC, Mishina Y, Chan HL, Mendonça G, Bottino MC. Personalized and Defect-Specific Antibiotic-Laden Scaffolds for Periodontal Infection Ablation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49642-49657. [PMID: 34637255 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis compromises the integrity and function of tooth-supporting structures. Although therapeutic approaches have been offered, predictable regeneration of periodontal tissues remains intangible, particularly in anatomically complex defects. In this work, personalized and defect-specific antibiotic-laden polymeric scaffolds containing metronidazole (MET), tetracycline (TCH), or their combination (MET/TCH) were created via electrospinning. An initial screening of the synthesized fibers comprising chemo-morphological analyses, cytocompatibility assessment, and antimicrobial validation against periodontopathogens was accomplished to determine the cell-friendly and anti-infective nature of the scaffolds. According to the cytocompatibility and antimicrobial data, the 1:3 MET/TCH formulation was used to obtain three-dimensional defect-specific scaffolds to treat periodontally compromised three-wall osseous defects in rats. Inflammatory cell response and new bone formation were assessed by histology. Micro-computerized tomography was performed to assess bone loss in the furcation area at 2 and 6 weeks post implantation. Chemo-morphological and cell compatibility analyses confirmed the synthesis of cytocompatible antibiotic-laden fibers with antimicrobial action. Importantly, the 1:3 MET/TCH defect-specific scaffolds led to increased new bone formation, lower bone loss, and reduced inflammatory response when compared to antibiotic-free scaffolds. Altogether, our results suggest that the fabrication of defect-specific antibiotic-laden scaffolds holds great potential toward the development of personalized (i.e., patient-specific medication) scaffolds to ablate infection while affording regenerative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Ferreira
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, United States
| | - Karla Z Kantorski
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, United States
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences (Periodontology Unit), School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Nileshkumar Dubey
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, United States
| | - Arwa Daghrery
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, United States
| | - J Christopher Fenno
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, United States
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, United States
| | - Hsun-Liang Chan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, United States
| | - Gustavo Mendonça
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, United States
| | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, United States
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Li Z, Wang X, Hong TP, Wang HJ, Gao ZY, Wan M. Advanced glycosylation end products inhibit the proliferation of bone-marrow stromal cells through activating MAPK pathway. Eur J Med Res 2021; 26:94. [PMID: 34407888 PMCID: PMC8371865 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-021-00559-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of present study was to explore the mechanism of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B(PKB/Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways after intervention of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) on rat bone-marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). METHODS Prepare and identify AGEs. BMSCs were isolated from 16 SD rats and cultured with different concentration of AGEs. Cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). BMSCs were cultured with AGEs (0.25 mg/ml) for 30 min, 12 h, 24 h, 72 h and 120 h. In addition, BMSCs were cultured with AGEs, AGEs + JNK inhibitor and AGEs + P38 inhibitor for 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Western blotting and RT-PCR were used to determine the protein and mRNA expression levels, respectively. RESULTS Cell viability of BMSCs was significantly correlated with concentration and effect time of AGEs (P < 0.05), and the most appropriate concentration was 0.25 mg/ml. AGEs stimulation significantly increased the protein expression levels of NF-κB p65, JNK, p38 (P < 0.05), decreased IκB (P < 0.05), but had no effect on the protein expression of Akt in BMSCs (P > 0.05). At the mRNA level, JNK and p38 inhibitors significantly reduced the levels of NF-κB p65, p38 and JNK, increased IκB (P > 0.05), but had no effect on Akt in BMSCs (P > 0.05). At the protein level, JNK and p38 inhibitors notably decreased the expression of NF-κB p65, p38, p-JNK, P-IκB and JNK (P < 0.001), and increased IκB (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Advanced glycosylation end products can inhibit the proliferation of bone-marrow stromal cells through activating MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Tian-Pei Hong
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hao-Jie Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhan-Yi Gao
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Meng Wan
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
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The prevalence of potentially undiagnosed type II diabetes in patients with chronic periodontitis attending a general dental practice in London - a feasibility study. Br Dent J 2021; 231:180-186. [PMID: 34385649 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-021-3223-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Introduction In the UK alone, it is estimated that one in four people with type II diabetes are currently undiagnosed.Aim To investigate the prevalence of potentially undiagnosed type II diabetes in patients with chronic periodontitis attending a general dental practice in North London.Methods Patients aged 35 years and over, who had not been diagnosed with diabetes, attending for routine examination and diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, were offered screening for diabetes risk using the self-reporting Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) questionnaire. If the score showed an increased risk of developing type II diabetes, a referral letter was sent to their general medical practitioner (GMP) for formal testing. The uptake and results of the test were recorded.Results Over the 12-month period, a total of 51 patients were eligible to take part, with 40 agreeing to participate (78% participation rate). Nineteen participants (48%) were found to be at a significantly increased risk of developing type II diabetes based on the recommended FINDRISC cut-off point and were referred to their GMP for formal testing. Eleven participants (58%) scored above the FINDRISC cut-off point and were categorised as high-risk. A further six participants (32%) fell into the moderate-risk category and two participants (10%) fell into the slightly elevated-risk category. Of the 19 participants who were referred for formal testing, four were not found to have type II diabetes, nine were found to have intermediate hyperglycaemia (or prediabetes) and two participants were diagnosed with type II diabetes.Conclusions This study confirmed a method of diabetes risk screening that has a good rate of uptake by patients and is practical for use in general dental practice. A moderate proportion of patients were identified as having an increased risk of developing diabetes and just under half were referred for formal testing. The study has shown an effective method for identifying undiagnosed type II diabetes and prediabetes in patients diagnosed with periodontitis who attend general dental practice.
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Olujide S, Ilyas N, Guni A. Common Difficult Scenarios for The Newly Qualified Dental Professional. Prim Dent J 2021; 10:63-68. [PMID: 34353155 DOI: 10.1177/20501684211012582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dental complaints are at the forefront of many dental practitioners' thoughts, with most dentists likely to have a complaint against them during their practicing lifetime. Difficult clinical scenarios can be particularly challenging for the newly qualified dental professional to manage, with a lack of experience potentially leading to an increased likelihood of a complaint. This article highlights several common clinical scenarios which dental practitioners are likely to face, providing a framework for their management and assessing the impact that the coronavirus pandemic may have on patients presenting for routine dental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Segun Olujide
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery SHO, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Nabeel Ilyas
- Specialist Registrar in Paediatric Dentistry, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - Alaa Guni
- Specialty Trainee in Periodontology, King's College London, UK
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Colombo M, Gallo S, Garofoli A, Poggio C, Arciola CR, Scribante A. Ozone Gel in Chronic Periodontal Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial on the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Ozone Application. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:625. [PMID: 34356480 PMCID: PMC8301177 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The search for new topical treatments able to display not only antimicrobial properties but also a multiplicity of other beneficial effects while expressing safe cytocompatibility toward host tissues is being progressively developed. Antiseptics represent an aid to the gold standard nonsurgical treatment Scaling-and-Root-Planing (SRP) for periodontal disease. This split-mouth study aims to assess the efficacy of the ozonized gel GeliO3 (Bioemmei Srl, Vicenza, Italy) plus SRP (experimental treatment), with respect to SRP + chlorhexidine gel. Ten participants were treated with SRP + chlorhexidine gel (control sites) and with SRP + ozone gel (trial sites). After 1 (T1) and 3 months (T2) from baseline (T0), patients were revisited. At each time-point, the following indexes were assessed: probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), and bleeding on probing (BoP). It has been assessed that the use of the ozonized gel in addition to SRP did not show significant differences if compared to conventional SRP + chlorhexidine. Chlorhexidine was found to be more effective than ozone in reducing CAL and GI at T2. Ozone deserves consideration for its wide applicability in several clinical fields. In this connection, we also glance at the latest research on ozone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Colombo
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Simone Gallo
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Alessandro Garofoli
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Claudio Poggio
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Carla Renata Arciola
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all’Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 14, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Scribante
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.)
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Woo HG, Chang Y, Lee JS, Song TJ. Tooth loss is associated with an increased risk of hypertension: A nationwide population-based cohort study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253257. [PMID: 34129621 PMCID: PMC8205122 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth loss is closely associated with suboptimal oral care. Suboptimal oral care can facilitate local infections. These can lead to systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, which are important pathological mechanisms of hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate the link between tooth loss and the risk of hypertension. From the national health insurance system-health screening cohort in Korea, 19,680 participants who underwent three or more health examinations, including blood pressure measurements, between January 2003 and December 2008, without any history or diagnosis of hypertension were included in this study. Hypertension was defined as the diagnosis of hypertension (International Classification of Diseases-10 code “I10–11”) accompanied by the prescription of an antihypertensive agent or at least one health examination result of blood pressure of ≥140/90 mmHg. Kaplan-Meier survival curves with the log-rank test were used to evaluate the relationship between oral hygiene indicators and the incidence of hypertension. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to determine the association between oral hygiene indicators and the development of hypertension. During a median follow-up of 7.4 years, 1,853 patients developed hypertension. The estimated incidence of hypertension within seven years was 8.8%. Multivariable analysis confirmed a significant relationship between the number of lost teeth and hypertension (hazard ratio: 2.26; 95% confidence interval [1.24–4.10], p = 0.007, p for trend = 0.005). There was a positive association between the number of lost teeth and the risk of hypertension in a longitudinal research. In conclusion, the number of lost teeth may be associated with the risk of development of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Geol Woo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Chang
- Department of Neurology, Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Sung Lee
- Clinical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Song
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Miyoshi T, Oge S, Nakata S, Ueno Y, Ukita H, Kousaka R, Miura Y, Yoshinari N, Yoshida A. Gemella haemolysans inhibits the growth of the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11742. [PMID: 34083694 PMCID: PMC8175725 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral microbiome plays an important role in the human microbial community and in maintaining the health of an individual. Imbalances in the oral microbiome may contribute to oral and systemic diseases. The progression of periodontal disease is closely related to the growth of bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, in the oral cavity. However, the pathogen growth mechanism specific to periodontal disease remains unknown. This study aimed to identify bacteria associated with periodontal health by focusing on hemolytic bacteria. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from ten periodontitis patients and five healthy subjects to detect and identify the presence of hemolytic bacteria. The saliva of healthy subjects contained a higher proportion of G. haemolysans than saliva samples from patients with periodontitis. Growth inhibition assays indicated that the protein components contained in the culture supernatant of G. haemolysans directly suppressed the growth of P. gingivalis. This study shows that the presence of G. haemolysans in saliva is associated with periodontal health and that it inhibits the growth of P. gingivalis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Miyoshi
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano, 399-0781, Japan.
| | - Shogo Oge
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano, 399-0781, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakata
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano, 399-0781, Japan
| | - Yuji Ueno
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano, 399-0781, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Ukita
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano, 399-0781, Japan
| | - Reiko Kousaka
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano, 399-0781, Japan
| | - Yuki Miura
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano, 399-0781, Japan
| | - Nobuo Yoshinari
- Department of Periodontology, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano, 399-0781, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yoshida
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano, 399-0781, Japan.
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Suwanprasit W, Lertpimonchai A, Thienpramuk L, Vathesatogkit P, Sritara P, Tamsailom S. Metabolic syndrome and severe periodontitis were associated in Thai adults: A cross-sectional study. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1420-1429. [PMID: 33590483 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies support the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and periodontitis. However, age is the major confounding factor for both conditions. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the relationship between MetS and severe periodontitis in different Thai adult age groups. METHODS Data on the medical history, medical examination, and full mouth oral examination of 5,690 Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand employees aged 25 to 77 years were collected. The prevalence ratio (PR) between risk variables, MetS, and periodontitis was determined using Poisson regression analysis. Moreover, the subgroup analysis and effect modification by age on severe periodontitis were performed. RESULTS Overall, MetS was significantly associated with severe periodontitis compared with non-severe periodontitis (adjusted PR, 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.13). The association was modified by age, with negative effect modification observed on the multiplicative and additive scales. The subgroup analysis revealed a significant relationship between MetS and severe periodontitis only in participants aged <45 years with an adjusted PR of 1.69 (95% CI, 1.29 to 2.21). All MetS components, except hypertension, were associated with severe periodontitis in this group. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant relationship between MetS and severe periodontitis in adults aged <45 years. Therefore, attempts to control the risk of MetS and periodontitis should be emphasized for early adults to reduce the incidence of these conditions and related complications when they become elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winita Suwanprasit
- Department of Periodontology, Center of Excellent in Periodontal Disease and Dental Implant, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Attawood Lertpimonchai
- Department of Periodontology, Center of Excellent in Periodontal Disease and Dental Implant, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lalitsara Thienpramuk
- Health Division, Medical and Health Department, Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Prin Vathesatogkit
- Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piyamitr Sritara
- Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suphot Tamsailom
- Department of Periodontology, Center of Excellent in Periodontal Disease and Dental Implant, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Ihn HJ, Kim YS, Lim S, Bae JS, Jung JC, Kim YH, Park JW, Wang Z, Koh JT, Bae YC, Baek MC, Park EK. PF-3845, a Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibitor, Directly Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis through ERK and NF-κB Pathways In Vitro and Alveolar Bone Loss In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041915. [PMID: 33671948 PMCID: PMC7919013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar bone loss, the major feature of periodontitis, results from the activation of osteoclasts, which can consequently cause teeth to become loose and fall out; the development of drugs capable of suppressing excessive osteoclast differentiation and function is beneficial for periodontal disease patients. Given the difficulties associated with drug discovery, drug repurposing is an efficient approach for identifying alternative uses of commercially available compounds. Here, we examined the effects of PF-3845, a selective fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor, on receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclastogenesis, its function, and the therapeutic potential for the treatment of alveolar bone destruction in experimental periodontitis. PF-3845 significantly suppressed osteoclast differentiation and decreased the induction of nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and the expression of osteoclast-specific markers. Actin ring formation and osteoclastic bone resorption were also reduced by PF-3845, and the anti-osteoclastogenic and anti-resorptive activities were mediated by the suppression of phosphorylation of rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (RAF), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase, (ERK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibitor (IκBα). Furthermore, the administration of PF-3845 decreased the number of osteoclasts and the amount of alveolar bone destruction caused by ligature placement in experimental periodontitis in vivo. The present study provides evidence that PF-3845 is able to suppress osteoclastogenesis and prevent alveolar bone loss, and may give new insights into its role as a treatment for osteoclast-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jung Ihn
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Yi-Seul Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea; (Y.-S.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Soomin Lim
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea; (Y.-S.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Jae-Chang Jung
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Yeo-Hyang Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Jin-Woo Park
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea;
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (Z.W.); (J.-T.K.)
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (Z.W.); (J.-T.K.)
| | - Yong-Chul Bae
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea;
| | - Moon-Chang Baek
- Department of Molecular Medicine, CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-C.B.); (E.-K.P.); Tel.: +82-53-420-4948 (M.-C.B.); +82-53-420-4995 (E.-K.P.)
| | - Eui-Kyun Park
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea; (Y.-S.K.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: (M.-C.B.); (E.-K.P.); Tel.: +82-53-420-4948 (M.-C.B.); +82-53-420-4995 (E.-K.P.)
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Rimachi Hidalgo MA, Cirelli T, da Silva BR, Nicchio IG, Nepomuceno R, Orrico SRP, Cirelli JA, Theodoro LH, Barros SP, Scarel-Caminaga RM. Polymorphisms and haplotypes in the Interleukin 17 Alfa gene: potential effect of smoking habits in the association with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1103-1114. [PMID: 33559820 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Few studies evaluate interrelationships between periodontitis (P) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study is to investigate the genetic susceptibility to periodontitis alone, or concomitant with T2DM (as comorbidities), analyzing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Interleukin 17 alpha (IL17A) gene, considering the biochemical profile and smoking habits on the subjects' periodontal status. We investigated 879 individuals divided into: T2DM subjects also affected by severe or moderate periodontitis (T2DM-P, n = 199); non-diabetics with severe or moderate periodontitis (PERIODONTITIS, n = 342); and healthy subjects (HEALTHY, n = 338). Subjects underwent complete periodontal examination, history of smoking habits, glycemic and lipid biochemical evaluation. DNA from buccal cells was utilized to genotype the SNPs rs2275913, rs3819024 and rs10484879. The impact of the subjects' biochemical profile was analyzed in their periodontal status. Each SNP was analyzed independently, and as haplotypes, by multiple logistic regressions, adjusted for covariates, and also stratifying the groups by age, sex and smoking habits. Independently of the periodontitis degree, poorly-controlled T2DM subjects showed worse glycemic and lipid profile. Multiple logistic regressions demonstrated that smokers and former-smokers carrying the GG genotype of rs3819024 seemed to have higher risk for T2DM-Periodontitis (OR = 6.33; 95% CI = 1.26-31.77, p = 0.02), and mainly for T2DM alone (OR = 5.11; 95% CI = 1.37-19.06, p = 0.01), than never smokers. We found the potential effect of smoking habits in the association of IL17A-rs3819024-GG with diseased phenotypes. Because the observed wide confidence intervals, further studies enrolling larger populations, and SNPs' functional evaluations are needed to better understand our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Rimachi Hidalgo
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Department of Morphology and Pediatric Clinics, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Thamiris Cirelli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Department of Morphology and Pediatric Clinics, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Roque da Silva
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Department of Morphology and Pediatric Clinics, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Ingra Gagno Nicchio
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Department of Morphology and Pediatric Clinics, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Nepomuceno
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Department of Morphology and Pediatric Clinics, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvana R P Orrico
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Advanced Research Center in Medicine, Union of the Colleges of the Great Lakes (UNILAGO), São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15030-070, Brazil
| | - Joni A Cirelli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Helena Theodoro
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araçatuba, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvana P Barros
- Department of Periodontology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill - UNC, School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Raquel M Scarel-Caminaga
- Department of Morphology and Pediatric Clinics, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Al-Ak'hali MS, Fageeh HN, Halboub E, Alhajj MN, Ariffin Z. Quality and readability of web-based Arabic health information on periodontal disease. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2021; 21:41. [PMID: 33541345 PMCID: PMC7863442 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-021-01413-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the Internet seems to be a helpful tool for obtaining information about everything that we think about, including diseases, their prevention and treatment approaches. However, doubts exist regarding the quality and readability of such information. This study sought to assess the quality and readability of web-based Arabic information on periodontal disease. METHODS In this infodemiological study, the Google, Yahoo!, and Bing search engines were searched using specific Arabic terms on periodontal disease. The first 100 consecutive websites from each engine were obtained. The eligible websites were categorized as commercial, health/professional, journalism, and other. The following tools were applied to assess the quality of the information on the included websites: the Health on the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (HONcode), the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmarks, and the DISCERN tool. The readability was assessed using an online readability tool. RESULTS Of the 300 websites, 89 were eligible for quality and readability analyses. Only two websites (2.3%) were HONcode certified. Based on the DISCERN tool, 43 (48.3%) websites had low scores. The mean score of the JAMA benchmarks was 1.6 ± 1.0, but only 3 (3.4%) websites achieved "yes" responses for all four JAMA criteria. Based on the DISCERN tool, health/professional websites revealed the highest quality of information compared to other website categories. Most of the health/professional websites revealed moderate-quality information, while 55% of the commercial websites, 66% of journalism websites, and 43% of other websites showed poor quality information. Regarding readability, most of the analyzed websites presented simple and readable written content. CONCLUSIONS Aside from readable content, Arabic health information on the analyzed websites on periodontal disease is below the required level of quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Sultan Al-Ak'hali
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Hytham N Fageeh
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam Halboub
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alhajj
- Prosthodontics Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zaihan Ariffin
- Prosthodontics Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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48
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Chaudhuri S, Sanyal P, Srirammohan P. Oral health complications in type 2 diabetes: A hospital-based observational study among beneficiaries of employees state insurance in Puducherry, India. INDIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SPECIALITIES 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/injms.injms_8_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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49
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Silva BRD, Cirelli T, Nepomuceno R, Theodoro LH, Orrico SRP, Cirelli JA, Barros SP, Scarel-Caminaga RM. Functional haplotype in the Interleukin8 (CXCL8) gene is associated with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis in Brazilian population. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020; 14:1665-1672. [PMID: 32905938 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Periodontitis (P) are prevalent multifactorial disorders worldwide, sharing a bidirectional relationship influenced by the genetic susceptibility of the host immune system. We investigated whether SNPs in the Interleukin 8 (IL8, alias CXCL8) gene could be associated with T2DM and Periodontitis. METHODS Genomic DNA was obtained from 874 Brazilian individuals divided into: Healthy group (n = 307), Periodontitis group (n = 334), and individuals affected by both T2DM and Periodontitis (T2DM_P) group (n = 233). The SNPs -251(T>A) rs4073, +396(T>G) rs2227307 and +781(C>T) rs2227306 were genotyped by TaqMan®. Multiple logistic regressions were used to determine the degree of association between polymorphisms (and haplotypes) with periodontitis and T2DM adjusted for known confounders. RESULTS The additive model revealed that the heterozygous AT(-251), GT(+396) and CT(+781) genotypes showed a lower risk for the diseased phenotypes, and carriers of the TTC/TTC haplotype were significantly susceptible to T2DM and Periodontitis concomitantly, as well to isolated Periodontitis (mainly the severe form). CONCLUSIONS We concluded, for the first time, that these functional CXCL8 SNPs, and the homozygous TTC haplotype are relevant genetic factors for T2DM and Periodontitis as comorbidities, as well as for severe Periodontitis susceptibility in Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Roque da Silva
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Thamiris Cirelli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Nepomuceno
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Helena Theodoro
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araçatuba, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvana R P Orrico
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; Advanced Research Center in Medicine, Union of the Colleges of the Great Lakes (UNILAGO), São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15030-070, Brazil
| | - Joni A Cirelli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvana P Barros
- Department of Comprehensive Oral Health - Periodontology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill - UNC, School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Raquel M Scarel-Caminaga
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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郜 洪, 徐 菁, 孟 焕, 和 璐, 侯 建. [Effect of initial periodontal therapy on blood parameters related to erythrocyte and platelet in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2020; 52:750-754. [PMID: 32773814 PMCID: PMC7433617 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2020.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the blood parameters related to erythrocyte and platelet between baseline and 3 months after initial periodontal therapy in patients with both type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis (DM-P). METHODS According to the International Symposium on Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions in 1999 and the diagnostic criteria of type 2 diabetes mellitus proposed by the World Health Organization in 1999, 35 patients with DM-P were recruited. All the participants received initial periodontal therapy, including oral hygiene instruction, scaling, and root planning provided by one senior periodontist. Original diet, exercise, and medication for blood glucose control were unchanged for all the participants. At baseline and 3 months after initial periodontal therapy, the clinical periodontal parameters, including probing depth (PD), bleeding index (BI) and clinical attachment loss (CAL); erythrocyte-related indexes, including red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), RBC volume distribution width (RDW); platelet-related indexes, including platelet (PLT) count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletocrit (PCT) were measured and compared. RESULTS Compared with baseline, the periodontal parameters, including PD [(3.370±0.601) mm vs. (2.729±0.431) mm], BI [2.160 (1.550~3.410) vs. 1.420 (1.000~2.970)] and CAL [(3.307±1.577) mm vs. (2.990±1.587) mm], were significantly reduced (P < 0.001) three months after the initial periodontal therapy; the erythrocyte-related indexes, including RBC count [(4.727±0.392)×1012/L vs. (4.825±0.394)×1012/L, P=0.010], HGB [(145.886±11.792) g/L vs. (149.200±12.979) g/L, P=0.007] and HCT [43.40% (37.50%~48.50%) vs. 43.80% (38.50%~53.20%), P=0.003], were significantly increased three months after the initial periodontal therapy; PLT count [(216.714±61.900)×109/L vs. (205.886±62.051)×109/L, P=0.016] was significantly reduced 3 months after the initial periodontal therapy. CONCLUSIONS The initial periodontal therapy can significantly improve blood parameters related to RBC and PLT, which might decrease the risk of vascular complications in DM-P patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- 洪宇 郜
- 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,牙周科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- 天津医科大学口腔医院牙周科,天津 300070Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - 菁玲 徐
- 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,牙周科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- 北京大学第三医院口腔科,北京 100191Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 焕新 孟
- 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,牙周科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 璐 和
- 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,牙周科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 建霞 侯
- 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,牙周科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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