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Li J, Chen CT, Li P, Zhang X, Liu X, Wu W, Gu W. Lung transcriptomics reveals the underlying mechanism by which aerobic training enhances pulmonary function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:154. [PMID: 38532405 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02967-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aerobic training is the primary method of rehabilitation for improving respiratory function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in remission. However, the mechanism underlying this improvement is not yet fully understood. The use of transcriptomics in rehabilitation medicine offers a promising strategy for uncovering the ways in which exercise training improves respiratory dysfunction in COPD patients. In this study, lung tissue was analyzed using transcriptomics to investigate the relationship between exercise and lung changes. METHODS Mice were exposed to cigarette smoke for 24 weeks, followed by nine weeks of moderate-intensity treadmill exercise, with a control group for comparison. Pulmonary function and structure were assessed at the end of the intervention and RNA sequencing was performed on the lung tissue. RESULTS Exercise training was found to improve airway resistance and lung ventilation indices in individuals exposed to cigarette smoke. However, the effect of this treatment on damaged alveoli was weak. The pair-to-pair comparison revealed numerous differentially expressed genes, that were closely linked to inflammation and metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Further research is necessary to confirm the cause-and-effect relationship between the identified biomarkers and the improvement in pulmonary function, as this was not examined in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), 200433, Shanghai, PR China
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, No. 399 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, 200438, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Cai-Tao Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200434, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Peijun Li
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Laboratory Department of the 908th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, 330001, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Weibing Wu
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, No. 399 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, 200438, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Wei Gu
- Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), No. 800 Xiangyin Road, Yangpu District, 200433, Shanghai, PR China.
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Behnam B, Taghizadeh-Hesary F. Mitochondrial Metabolism: A New Dimension of Personalized Oncology. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4058. [PMID: 37627086 PMCID: PMC10452105 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Energy is needed by cancer cells to stay alive and communicate with their surroundings. The primary organelles for cellular metabolism and energy synthesis are mitochondria. Researchers recently proved that cancer cells can steal immune cells' mitochondria using nanoscale tubes. This finding demonstrates the dependence of cancer cells on normal cells for their living and function. It also denotes the importance of mitochondria in cancer cells' biology. Emerging evidence has demonstrated how mitochondria are essential for cancer cells to survive in the harsh tumor microenvironments, evade the immune system, obtain more aggressive features, and resist treatments. For instance, functional mitochondria can improve cancer resistance against radiotherapy by scavenging the released reactive oxygen species. Therefore, targeting mitochondria can potentially enhance oncological outcomes, according to this notion. The tumors' responses to anticancer treatments vary, ranging from a complete response to even cancer progression during treatment. Therefore, personalized cancer treatment is of crucial importance. So far, personalized cancer treatment has been based on genomic analysis. Evidence shows that tumors with high mitochondrial content are more resistant to treatment. This paper illustrates how mitochondrial metabolism can participate in cancer resistance to chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy. Pretreatment evaluation of mitochondrial metabolism can provide additional information to genomic analysis and can help to improve personalized oncological treatments. This article outlines the importance of mitochondrial metabolism in cancer biology and personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Behnam
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, Amarex Clinical Research, NSF International, Germantown, MD 20874, USA
| | - Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1445613131, Iran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1445613131, Iran
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Taghizadeh-Hesary F, Houshyari M, Farhadi M. Mitochondrial metabolism: a predictive biomarker of radiotherapy efficacy and toxicity. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:6719-6741. [PMID: 36719474 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04592-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiotherapy is a mainstay of cancer treatment. Clinical studies revealed a heterogenous response to radiotherapy, from a complete response to even disease progression. To that end, finding the relative prognostic factors of disease outcomes and predictive factors of treatment efficacy and toxicity is essential. It has been demonstrated that radiation response depends on DNA damage response, cell cycle phase, oxygen concentration, and growth rate. Emerging evidence suggests that altered mitochondrial metabolism is associated with radioresistance. METHODS This article provides a comprehensive evaluation of the role of mitochondria in radiotherapy efficacy and toxicity. In addition, it demonstrates how mitochondria might be involved in the famous 6Rs of radiobiology. RESULTS In terms of this idea, decreasing the mitochondrial metabolism of cancer cells may increase radiation response, and enhancing the mitochondrial metabolism of normal cells may reduce radiation toxicity. Enhancing the normal cells (including immune cells) mitochondrial metabolism can potentially improve the tumor response by enhancing immune reactivation. Future studies are invited to examine the impacts of mitochondrial metabolism on radiation efficacy and toxicity. Improving radiotherapy response with diminishing cancer cells' mitochondrial metabolism, and reducing radiotherapy toxicity with enhancing normal cells' mitochondrial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Clinical Oncology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Houshyari
- Clinical Oncology Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farhadi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Dikalov SI, Gutor S, Dikalova AE. Pathological mechanisms of cigarette smoking, dietary, and sedentary lifestyle risks in vascular dysfunction: mitochondria as a common target of risk factors. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:857-866. [PMID: 36995495 PMCID: PMC10911751 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02806-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
In the past century, the lifespan of the human population has dramatically increased to the 80 s, but it is hindered by a limited health span to the 60 s due to an epidemic increase in the cardiovascular disease which is a main cause of morbidity and mortality. We cannot underestimate the progress in understanding the major cardiovascular risk factors which include cigarette smoking, dietary, and sedentary lifestyle risks. Despite their clinical significance, these modifiable risk factors are still the major contributors to cardiovascular disease. It is, therefore, important to understand the specific molecular mechanisms behind their pathological effects to develop new therapies to improve the treatment of cardiovascular disease. In recent years, our group and others have made a progress in understanding how these risk factors can promote endothelial dysfunction, smooth muscle dysregulation, vascular inflammation, hypertension, lung, and heart diseases. These factors, despite differences in their nature, lead to stereotypical alterations in vascular metabolism and function. Interestingly, cigarette smoking has a tremendous impact on a very distant site from the initial epithelial exposure, namely circulation and vascular cells mediated by a variety of stable cigarette smoke components which promote vascular oxidative stress and alter vascular metabolism and function. Similarly, dietary and sedentary lifestyle risks facilitate vascular cell metabolic reprogramming promoting vascular oxidative stress and dysfunction. Mitochondria are critical in cellular metabolism, and in this work, we discuss a new concept that mitochondria are a common pathobiological target for these risk factors, and mitochondria-targeted treatments may have a therapeutic effect in the patients with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey I Dikalov
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2200 Pierce Ave, PRB 554, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Sergey Gutor
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2200 Pierce Ave, PRB 554, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Anna E Dikalova
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2200 Pierce Ave, PRB 554, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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Savira M, Sari DK, Machrina Y, Widjaja SS, Unitly AJA, Ilyas S, Siregar J, Pandia P, Rusda M, Amin MM. Effect of Garlic Ethanol Extract Administration on Gluthatione Levels to Prevent Oxidative Stress in Smoker Rat Model. Med Arch 2023; 77:418-421. [PMID: 38313106 PMCID: PMC10834041 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2023.77.418-421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sickle Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is known as a spice native to western Asia has a strong antioxidant effect and revealed it functions as an antioxidant by increasing ROS-capture activity, cellular antioxidants, SOD, CAT, and GSH levels in cells. Cigarette smoke is very dangerous because it can cause serious illness and death. Cigarette smoke is a major source of exogenous ROS because its particles are high in free radicals. Smoking is also related to a decrease in the body's natural antioxidant levels. Glutathione (GSH) synthesis and expression were found to increase initially and then decrease after being exposed to cigarette smoke. Objective The aim of this study is; to analyze effect of garlic ethanol extract administration on gluthatione levels to prevent oxidative stress in smoker rat model. Methods This was a case-control study with a control group design, with 15 healthy rats (Rattus norvegicus, sp.) divided into three groups, KN untreated animals (control), K1 animals exposed to cigarette smoke for 40 days (smoker), and K2 animals exposed to cigarette smoke for 40 days and treated with Allium sativum 0.1 g per day for 40 days (smoker and Allium sativum L.). After 40 days of treatment, all animals, including the control, were sacrificed with 30 mg/IP ketamine injections, and the blood plasma were taken for examination. Results there were significant difference in glutathione levels between the treatment groups (K2) with the control group (KN) and the smokers group (K1) (p <0.05). Conclusion garlic ethanol extract administration can increase gluthatione levels and prevent oxidative stress in smoker rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Savira
- Philosophy Doctor in Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Dina Keumala Sari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Yetty Machrina
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Sry Suryani Widjaja
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Adrien Jems Akiles Unitly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Pattimura University, Ambon,Indonesia
| | - Syafruddin Ilyas
- Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
| | - Jelita Siregar
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Pandiaman Pandia
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - M. Rusda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Mustafa M. Amin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
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Savira M, Sari DK, Machrina Y, Widjaja SS, Unitly AJA, Ilyas S, Siregar J, Pandia P, Rusda M, Amin MM. Anti Inflammatory Action of Allium Sativum Ethanol Extract to Prevent Lung Damage in Smoker Rat Model. Med Arch 2023; 77:178-182. [PMID: 37700925 PMCID: PMC10495143 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2023.77.178-182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking is the leading cause of death in worldwide and is known as one of the risk factors in the development and pathogenesis of several diseases and most are respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is associated with negative health consequences including respiratory tract infection, asthma, and cancer. One of the pathogenesis that has known to cause these diseases is inflammation. Garlic (Allium sativum) is a medicinal herb that contains Allicin and other active constituents that are known to have anti-inflammatory ability by suppressing the expression and production of proinflammatory cytokines that will cause inflammation. Objective The aim of this study is; to analyze the anti-inflammatory action of Allium sativum ethanol extract to prevent lung damage in the smoker rat model. Methods This is a case-control study with five groups of rats each group contains of three rats. The five groups were negative control (KN), 10 days (10d) smoker (K1), 20 days (20d) smoker (K2), 20d smoker treated with Allium sativum for 10 days (K3) and 20d smoker treated with Allium sativum for 20 days (K4). After 20 days all animals were sacrificed and histological preparation of lung organs was observed under a microscope with 100 dan 400 times magnification and then captured by photomicrograph for analyzed. Results There were improvements in lung structure both in group K3 and K4 . there was a decrease of leucocytes and inflammatory cells infiltration that covered almost all alveolar surface to 10-20% surface area and the dilated alveoli decrease from more than 50% to less than 30% area. The bronchus was clean in both two groups compared to the groups that were not treated with Allium sativum. Conclusion This study shows that Allium sativum ethanol extract has the ability to prevent lung damage in the smoker rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Savira
- Philosophy Doctor in Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Dina Keumala Sari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Yetty Machrina
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Sry Suryani Widjaja
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Adrien Jems Akiles Unitly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Pattimura University, Ambon,Indonesia
| | - Syafruddin Ilyas
- Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Jelita Siregar
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Pandiaman Pandia
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - M. Rusda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Mustafa M Amin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
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Prokopidis K, Witard OC. Understanding the role of smoking and chronic excess alcohol consumption on reduced caloric intake and the development of sarcopenia. Nutr Res Rev 2022; 35:197-206. [PMID: 34027849 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422421000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This narrative review provides mechanistic insight into the biological link between smoking and/or chronic excess alcohol consumption, and increased risk of developing sarcopenia. Although the combination of excessive alcohol consumption and smoking is often associated with ectopic adipose deposition, this review is focused on the context of a reduced caloric intake (leading to energy deficit) that also may ensue due to either lifestyle habit. Smoking is a primary cause of periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that both induce swallowing difficulties, inhibit taste and mastication, and are associated with increased risk of muscle atrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction. Smoking may contribute to physical inactivity, energy deficit via reduced caloric intake, and increased systemic inflammation, all of which are factors known to suppress muscle protein synthesis rates. Moreover, chronic excess alcohol consumption may result in gut microbiota dysbiosis and autophagy-induced hyperammonemia, initiating the up-regulation of muscle protein breakdown and down-regulation of muscle protein synthesis via activation of myostatin, AMPK and REDD1, and deactivation of IGF-1. Future research is warranted to explore the link between oral healthcare management and personalised nutrition counselling in light of potential detrimental consequences of chronic smoking on musculoskeletal health outcomes in older adults. Experimental studies should investigate the impact of smoking and chronic excess alcohol consumption on the gut-brain axis, and explore biomarkers of smoking-induced oral disease progression. The implementation of behavioural change interventions and health policies regarding smoking and alcohol intake habits may mitigate the clinical and financial burden of sarcopenia on the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Prokopidis
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, White City, London, UK
| | - Oliver C Witard
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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Bellamri M, Walmsley SJ, Brown C, Brandt K, Konorev D, Day A, Wu CF, Wu MT, Turesky RJ. DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress of Tobacco Smoke Condensate in Human Bladder Epithelial Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:1863-1880. [PMID: 35877975 PMCID: PMC9665352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is a major risk factor for bladder cancer (BC), with up to 50% of BC cases being attributed to smoking. There are 70 known carcinogens in tobacco smoke; however, the principal chemicals responsible for BC remain uncertain. The aromatic amines 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP) and 2-naphthylamine (2-NA) are implicated in BC pathogenesis of smokers on the basis of the elevated BC risk in factory workers exposed to these chemicals. However, 4-ABP and 2-NA only occur at several nanograms per cigarette and may be insufficient to induce BC. In contrast, other genotoxicants, including acrolein, occur at 1000-fold or higher levels in tobacco smoke. There is limited data on the toxicological effects of tobacco smoke in human bladder cells. We have assessed the cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and DNA damage of tobacco smoke condensate (TSC) in human RT4 bladder cells. TSC was fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction into an acid-neutral fraction (NF), containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitro-PAHs, phenols, and aldehydes, and a basic fraction (BF) containing aromatic amines, heterocyclic aromatic amines, and N-nitroso compounds. The TSC and NF induced a time- and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity associated with oxidative stress, lipid peroxide formation, glutathione (GSH) depletion, and apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site formation, while the BF showed weak effects. LC/MS-based metabolomic approaches showed that TSC and NF altered GSH biosynthesis pathways and induced more than 40 GSH conjugates. GSH conjugates of several hydroquinones were among the most abundant conjugates. RT4 cell treatment with synthetic hydroquinones and cresol mixtures at levels present in tobacco smoke accounted for most of the TSC-induced cytotoxicity and the AP sites formed. GSH conjugates of acrolein, methyl vinyl ketone, and crotonaldehyde levels also increased owing to TSC-induced oxidative stress. Thus, TSC is a potent toxicant and DNA-damaging agent, inducing deleterious effects in human bladder cells at concentrations of <1% of a cigarette in cell culture media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madjda Bellamri
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
| | - Scott J. Walmsley
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute of Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
| | - Christina Brown
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
| | - Kyle Brandt
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
| | - Dmitri Konorev
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
| | - Abderrahman Day
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
| | - Chia-Fang Wu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, CS Building, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming Tsang Wu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, CS Building, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Robert J. Turesky
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, MN 55455
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Resistance training prevents damage to the mitochondrial function of the skeletal muscle of rats exposed to secondary cigarette smoke. Life Sci 2022; 309:121017. [PMID: 36183779 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyze the consumption of oxygen and to quantify the mitochondrial respiratory chain proteins (OXPHOS) in the gastrocnemius muscle of rats exposed to cigarette smoke and/or RT practitioners. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats were divided into groups: Control (C), Smoker (S), Exercise (E) and Exercise Smoker (ES). Groups F and ES were exposed to the smoke of 4 cigarettes for 30 min, 2× a day, 5× a week, for 16 weeks. Groups E and ES performed four climbs with progressive load, 1× per day, 5× per week, for 16 weeks. The gastrocnemius muscle was collected for analysis of OXPHOS content and oxygen consumption. Groups S (vs. C) and ES (vs. C and E) showed lower body weight gain when observing the evolution curve. KEY FINDINGS The S rats showed a reduction in the NDUFB8 proteins of complex 1, SDHB of complex 2, MTC01 of complex 4 and ATP5A of complex 5 (ATP Synthase) compared to Group C. Additionally, S rats also showed increased consumption of O2 in Basal, Leak, Complex I and I/II combined measures compared to the other groups, suggesting that the activity of the mitochondria of these animals increased in terms of coupling and uncoupling parameters. SIGNIFICANCE Our data suggest that exposure to cigarette smoke for 16 weeks is capable of causing impairment of mitochondrial function with reduced expression of respiratory chain proteins in skeletal muscle. However, the RT was effective in preventing impairment of mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle of rats exposed to secondary cigarette smoke.
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Li Y, Gao H, Zhao L, Wang J. Osteoporosis in COPD patients: Risk factors and pulmonary rehabilitation. THE CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2022; 16:487-496. [PMID: 35688435 PMCID: PMC9329018 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To present a review on the pathogenesis, risk factor and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with osteoporosis and provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment. Data source A systematic search is carried out using keywords as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, risk factors, and pulmonary rehabilitation. Results Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have a high prevalence of osteoporosis and a high risk of fracture. The mechanisms of osteoporosis in COPD patients are associated with general risk factors, such as smoking, reduced physical activity, low weight, and disease‐specific risk factors, such as systemic inflammatory, Vitamin D deficiency, use of glucocorticoid, anemia, hypoxemia, and hypercapnia. The treatment of osteoporosis in COPD emphasizes comprehensive intervention, which mainly include basic treatment and anti‐osteoporosis drugs. Noticeably, pulmonary rehabilitation program is an important part of treatment. Conclusions This work summarizes the pathogenesis, risk factor, prevention, and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with osteoporosis, and the latest progress of studies on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and osteoporosis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongchang Gao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinrui Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China
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11
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Hu ZB, Zhong QQ, Lu ZX, Zhu F. Association of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio with the Risk of Fatal Stroke Occurrence in Older Chinese. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2022; 28:10760296221098720. [PMID: 35538863 PMCID: PMC9102137 DOI: 10.1177/10760296221098720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and its longitudinal change with risk of fatal strokes are unclear in older populations. METHODS In this retrospective analysis, a total of 27,799 participants were included and followed up for a mean of 14.3 years (standard deviation = 3.2). 838 stroke deaths were recorded. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess associations of NLR with fatal strokes. RESULTS Compared to those in the first quartile and after adjustment for a series of factors, the participants in the highest neutrophil quartile had an increased risk of fatal all stroke (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.18-1.79) and fatal ischaemic stroke (aHR = 1.58, 95% CI, 1.17-2.12). Restricted cubic splines showed an increased trend of relationship between the NLR and fatal all stroke. The participants with the highest NLR quartile had an increased risk of fatal all stroke (aHR = 1.52, 95% CI, 1.23-1.88) and fatal ischaemic stroke (aHR = 1.59, 95% CI, 1.13-2.26), respectively; Similar associations repeated after further C-reactive protein adjustment; a 21% and a 32% increased risk of fatal all stroke and fatal ischaemic stroke showed in a continuous variable model. Those in NLR change with 5% increase had a 70% increased risk of fatal all stroke (aHR = 1.70, 95%CI, 1.13-2.57), compared to those in stable (-5%∼5%). CONCLUSIONS Higher NLR was associated with an increased risk of fatal all stroke and fatal ischaemic stroke, and its longitudinal change increase of ≥ 5% was associated with an increased risk of fatal all stroke in a relatively healthy older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bing Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Central laboratory, 477162Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong-Qiong Zhong
- Department of Internal Medicine and Central laboratory, 477162Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, 47885Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Xiong Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, 477162Sanya Central Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Central laboratory, 477162Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Pratson CL, Larkins MC, Karimian BH, Curtis CM, Lepera PA, Brodish BN, Ju AW. The Impact of Smoking, Alcohol Use, Recurrent Disease, and Age on the Development of Neck Fibrosis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Following Radiation Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:707418. [PMID: 34485144 PMCID: PMC8415001 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.707418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a paucity of information regarding the demographic factors associated with the development of neck fibrosis in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients following radiotherapy. A retrospective review of all patients being treated for HNC at a tertiary care center between 2013 and 2017 was performed. Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to identify differences in incidence and grade of fibrosis, respectively, between populations. A total of 90 patients aged 19 to 99 years were included. Factors associated with an increased incidence of fibrosis included smoking during radiotherapy (p < 0.001), alcohol use (p = 0.026), recurrent disease (p = 0.042), and age less than 60 (p < 0.001) on univariate analysis. Factors associated with increased grade of fibrosis in HNC patients included recurrent HNC (p = 0.033), alcohol use (p = 0.013), patient age younger than 60 years (p = 0.018), smoking during radiotherapy (p < 0.001), and non-Caucasian race (p = 0.012). Identification and intervention directed at patients that possess risk factors associated with fibrosis prior to treatment has the potential to improve the long-term quality of life for HNC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor L Pratson
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Michael C Larkins
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Brandon H Karimian
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Caitrin M Curtis
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Pamela A Lepera
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Brian N Brodish
- Eastern Carolina Head and Neck Surgery, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Andrew W Ju
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
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13
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Nikniaz L, Ghojazadeh M, Nateghian H, Nikniaz Z, Farhangi MA, Pourmanaf H. The interaction effect of aerobic exercise and vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory factors, anti-inflammatory proteins, and lung function in male smokers: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:102. [PMID: 34461991 PMCID: PMC8406718 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00333-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the interaction effect of aerobic exercise and vitamin D supplementation on inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, CC16, SP-D, and CC16/SP-D ratio) and lung function (FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratio) in male smokers.
Methods After applying inclusion criteria, a total of 40 healthy male smokers were recruited in this study. The participants were randomly divided into four groups as follows: Aerobic Exercise + vitamin D Supplementation (AE + VitD, n = 10), Aerobic Exercise (AE, n = 10), vitamin D Supplementation (VitD, n = 10), and Control (C, n = 10). The participants in the AE + VitD and AE groups performed aerobic exercise training (running) up to 50% of the maximum heart rate, three times a week for four weeks. Participants in AE + VitD and VitD groups received 6000 IU/w vitamin D3 for four weeks. The participants in control group did not receive any intervention. Serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, Clara cell protein (CC16), surfactant protein (SP)-D, CC16/SP-D ratio, and lung function (FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratio) were measured before and after four weeks of intervention. Results Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and CC16 decreased significantly in AE + VitD, VitD, and AE groups after four weeks (P < 0.05). Serum SP-D level decreased significantly only in the AE + VitD group (P = 0.011). In addition, FEV1 and FVC increased significantly (P < 0.05) in AE + VitD and AE groups after four weeks of intervention. However, the interventions did not have a significant effect on CC16/SP-D ratio and FEV1/FVC ratio (P > 0.05). Furthermore, serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D increased significantly in AE + VitD and VitD groups (P < 0.05) after four weeks of intervention. However, except for TNF-α, between-group comparisons showed no significant differences in levels of IL-6, CC16, SP-D, CC16/SP-D ratio, FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (P > 0.05). Conclusions The results of present study were that aerobic exercise combined with vitamin D supplementation can reduce serum inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory proteins and improve lung function after four weeks of intervention. Further trials with larger sample size and longer duration are suggested to confirm these results. Trial registration Retrospectively registered. IRCT20180513039637N4. Registration date: 2020/10/20. URL: https://www.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20180513039637N4
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Nikniaz
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghojazadeh
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hooman Nateghian
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Nikniaz
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hadi Pourmanaf
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Mocci E, Kundu P, Wheeler W, Arslan AA, Beane-Freeman LE, Bracci PM, Brennan P, Canzian F, Du M, Gallinger S, Giles GG, Goodman PJ, Kooperberg C, Le Marchand L, Neale RE, Shu XO, Visvanathan K, White E, Zheng W, Albanes D, Andreotti G, Babic A, Bamlet WR, Berndt SI, Blackford AL, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Buring JE, Campa D, Chanock SJ, Childs EJ, Duell EJ, Fuchs CS, Gaziano JM, Giovannucci EL, Goggins MG, Hartge P, Hassan MM, Holly EA, Hoover RN, Hung RJ, Kurtz RC, Lee IM, Malats N, Milne RL, Ng K, Oberg AL, Panico S, Peters U, Porta M, Rabe KG, Riboli E, Rothman N, Scelo G, Sesso HD, Silverman DT, Stevens VL, Strobel O, Thompson IM, Tjonneland A, Trichopoulou A, Van Den Eeden SK, Wactawski-Wende J, Wentzensen N, Wilkens LR, Yu H, Yuan F, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Amundadottir LT, Li D, Jacobs EJ, Petersen GM, Wolpin BM, Risch HA, Kraft P, Chatterjee N, Klein AP, Stolzenberg-Solomon R. Smoking Modifies Pancreatic Cancer Risk Loci on 2q21.3. Cancer Res 2021; 81:3134-3143. [PMID: 33574088 PMCID: PMC8178175 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Germline variation and smoking are independently associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We conducted genome-wide smoking interaction analysis of PDAC using genotype data from four previous genome-wide association studies in individuals of European ancestry (7,937 cases and 11,774 controls). Examination of expression quantitative trait loci data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project followed by colocalization analysis was conducted to determine whether there was support for common SNP(s) underlying the observed associations. Statistical tests were two sided and P < 5 × 10-8 was considered statistically significant. Genome-wide significant evidence of qualitative interaction was identified on chr2q21.3 in intron 5 of the transmembrane protein 163 (TMEM163) and upstream of the cyclin T2 (CCNT2). The most significant SNP using the Empirical Bayes method, in this region that included 45 significantly associated SNPs, was rs1818613 [per allele OR in never smokers 0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.82-0.93; former smokers 1.00, 95% CI, 0.91-1.07; current smokers 1.25, 95% CI 1.12-1.40, P interaction = 3.08 × 10-9). Examination of the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project data demonstrated an expression quantitative trait locus in this region for TMEM163 and CCNT2 in several tissue types. Colocalization analysis supported a shared SNP, rs842357, in high linkage disequilibrium with rs1818613 (r 2 = 0. 94) driving both the observed interaction and the expression quantitative trait loci signals. Future studies are needed to confirm and understand the differential biologic mechanisms by smoking status that contribute to our PDAC findings. SIGNIFICANCE: This large genome-wide interaction study identifies a susceptibility locus on 2q21.3 that significantly modified PDAC risk by smoking status, providing insight into smoking-associated PDAC, with implications for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Mocci
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Prosenjit Kundu
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William Wheeler
- Information Management Services, Inc., Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Alan A Arslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Paige M Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mengmeng Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Phyllis J Goodman
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Rachel E Neale
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Emily White
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Ana Babic
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - William R Bamlet
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amanda L Blackford
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Julie E Buring
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniele Campa
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Erica J Childs
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Smilow Cancer Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Boston Veteran Affairs Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael G Goggins
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Patricia Hartge
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Manal M Hassan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth A Holly
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Robert N Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert C Kurtz
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - I-Min Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Núria Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ann L Oberg
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Miquel Porta
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kari G Rabe
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Howard D Sesso
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Debra T Silverman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Oliver Strobel
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ian M Thompson
- CHRISTUS Santa Rosa Hospital - Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Anne Tjonneland
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen and Danish Cancer Society Research Center Diet, Genes and Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, World Health Organization Collaborating Center of Nutrition, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece
| | | | - Jean Wactawski-Wende
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Herbert Yu
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Fangcheng Yuan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eric J Jacobs
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen and Danish Cancer Society Research Center Diet, Genes and Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gloria M Petersen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Brian M Wolpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nilanjan Chatterjee
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alison P Klein
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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15
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Rose BJ, Weyand JA, Liu B, Smith JF, Perez BR, Clark JC, Goodman M, Hirschi Budge KM, Eggett DL, Arroyo JA, Reynolds PR, Kooyman DL. Exposure to second-hand cigarette smoke exacerbates the progression of osteoarthritis in a surgical induced murine model. Histol Histopathol 2021; 36:347-353. [PMID: 33576000 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), formerly understood to be a result of passive wear, is now known to be associated with chronic inflammation. Cigarette smoking promotes systemic inflammation and has been implicated in increased joint OA incidence in some studies, though the recent observational data on the association are contradictory. We hypothesize that second-hand smoke (SHS) treatment will increase the incidence of OA in a mouse model that has been subjected to a surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). To test this hypothesis, we applied either SHS treatment or room air (RA) to mice for 28 days post-DMM surgery. Histopathology findings indicated that the knees of SHS mice exhibited more severe OA than their control counterparts. Increased expression of matrix metalloprotease-13 (MMP-13), an important extracellular protease known to degrade articular cartilage, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), an intracellular effector of inflammatory pathways, were observed in the SHS group. These findings provide greater understanding and evidence for a detrimental role of cigarette smoke on OA progression and systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Rose
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States
| | - Jeffery A Weyand
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States
| | - Brady Liu
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States
| | - Jacob F Smith
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States
| | - Brian R Perez
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States
| | - J Christian Clark
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States
| | - Michael Goodman
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States
| | - Kelsey M Hirschi Budge
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States
| | - Dennis L Eggett
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States
| | - Juan A Arroyo
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States
| | - Paul R Reynolds
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States
| | - David L Kooyman
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States
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16
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Sheng B, Li X, Nussler AK, Zhu S. The relationship between healthy lifestyles and bone health: A narrative review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24684. [PMID: 33663079 PMCID: PMC7909112 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone health, especially osteoporosis among ageing populations, has become an important topic for both clinical and basic researchers. The relationship between bone health and healthy lifestyles has been frequently discussed. The present study focuses on the relationship between bone health and healthy lifestyles among older adults, based on a global comparison. METHODS This narrative review was performed by collecting clinical trials, basic research and reviews on lifestyle and bone health in PubMed database. RESULTS Positive effects of physical activity and negative effects of malnutrition, alcohol abuse, and cigarette smoking on bone health were revealed. The relationship between bone health and drinking coffee and tea is still inconclusive. Moreover, the diversity of each region should be aware when considering healthy lifestyles to improve bone health. CONCLUSION Healthy lifestyles are highly related to bone health, and different lifestyles may have different influences on regions with a high risk of bone diseases. It is practical to acknowledge the diversity of economic, religious, environmental and geological conditions in each region when providing suitable and effective recommendations for healthy lifestyles that can improve overall bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Sheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Andreas K. Nussler
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sheng Zhu
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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17
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Thirupathi A, Scarparo S, Silva PL, Marqueze LF, Vasconcelos FTF, Nagashima S, Cunha EBB, de Noronha L, Silveira PCL, Nesi RT, Gu Y, Pinho RA. Physical Exercise-Mediated Changes in Redox Profile Contribute to Muscle Remodeling After Passive Hand-Rolled Cornhusk Cigarette Smoke Exposure. Front Physiol 2020; 11:590962. [PMID: 33281621 PMCID: PMC7705113 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.590962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of non-traditional cigarettes has increased considerably worldwide, and they can induce skeletal muscle dysfunction. Physical exercise has been demonstrated to be important for prevention and treatment of smoking-related diseases. Therfore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of combined physical exercise (aerobic plus resistance exercise) on muscle histoarchitecture and oxidative stress in the animals exposed chronically to smoke from hand-rolled cornhusk cigarette (HRCC). Male Swiss mice were exposed to ambient air or passively to the smoke of 12 cigarettes over three daily sessions (four cigarettes per session) for 30 consecutive days with or without combined physical training. 48 h after the last training session, total leukocyte count was measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and the quadriceps were removed for histological/immunohistochemical analysis and measurement of oxidative stress parameters. The effects of HRCC on the number of leukocytes in BALF, muscle fiber diameter, central nuclei, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were reverted after combined physical training. In addition, increased myogenic factor 5, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), reduced transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and nitrate levels were observed after physical training. However, the reduction in superoxide dismutase and glutathione/glutathione oxidized ratio induced by HRCC was not affected by the training program. These results suggest the important changes in the skeletal muscle brought about by HRCC-induced alteration in the muscle redox profile. In addition, combined physical exercise contributes to remodeling without disrupting muscle morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Scarparo
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Paulo L Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Luis F Marqueze
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Franciane T F Vasconcelos
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Seigo Nagashima
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Eduardo B B Cunha
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Lúcia de Noronha
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Paulo C L Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Renata T Nesi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ricardo A Pinho
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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18
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Chang L, Liang H, Kandel SR, He JJ. Independent and Combined Effects of Nicotine or Chronic Tobacco Smoking and HIV on the Brain: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2020; 15:658-693. [PMID: 33108618 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-020-09963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is highly prevalent among HIV-infected individuals. Chronic smokers with HIV showed greater cognitive deficits and impulsivity, and had more psychopathological symptoms and greater neuroinflammation than HIV non-smokers or smokers without HIV infection. However, preclinical studies that evaluated the combined effects of HIV-infection and tobacco smoking are scare. The preclinical models typically used cell cultures or animal models that involved specific HIV viral proteins or the administration of nicotine to rodents. These preclinical models consistently demonstrated that nicotine had neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, leading to cognitive enhancement. Although the major addictive ingredient in tobacco smoking is nicotine, chronic smoking does not lead to improved cognitive function in humans. Therefore, preclinical studies designed to unravel the interactive effects of chronic tobacco smoking and HIV infection are needed. In this review, we summarized the preclinical studies that demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of nicotine, the neurotoxic effects of the HIV viral proteins, and the scant literature on nicotine or tobacco smoke in HIV transgenic rat models. We also reviewed the clinical studies that evaluated the neurotoxic effects of tobacco smoking, HIV infection and their combined effects on the brain, including studies that evaluated the cognitive and behavioral assessments, as well as neuroimaging measures. Lastly, we compared the different approaches between preclinical and clinical studies, identified some gaps and proposed some future directions. Graphical abstract Independent and combined effects of HIV and tobacco/nicotine. Left top and bottom panels: Both clinical studies of HIV infected persons and preclinical studies using viral proteins in vitro or in vivo in animal models showed that HIV infection could lead to neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation. Right top and bottom panels: While clinical studies of tobacco smoking consistently showed deleterious effects of smoking, clinical and preclinical studies that used nicotine show mild cognitive enhancement, neuroprotective and possibly anti-inflammatory effects. In the developing brain, however, nicotine is neurotoxic. Middle overlapping panels: Clinical studies of persons with HIV who were smokers typically showed additive deleterious effects of HIV and tobacco smoking. However, in the preclinical studies, when nicotine was administered to the HIV-1 Tg rats, the neurotoxic effects of HIV were attenuated, but tobacco smoke worsened the inflammatory cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Chang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 670 W. Baltimore Street, HSF III, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
| | - Huajun Liang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 670 W. Baltimore Street, HSF III, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Suresh R Kandel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology and Infection, Rosalind Franklin University, 3333 Green Bay Road, Basic Science Building 2.300, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Johnny J He
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology and Infection, Rosalind Franklin University, 3333 Green Bay Road, Basic Science Building 2.300, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.
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Association Between Inflammatory Pathways and Phenotypes of Pulmonary Dysfunction Using Cluster Analysis in Persons Living With HIV and HIV-Uninfected Individuals. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2020; 83:189-196. [PMID: 31929407 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons living with HIV (PLWH) are at risk of developing different phenotypes of chronic lung disease, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Mechanisms underlying these phenotypes are unclear. OBJECTIVE To identify clusters of peripheral inflammatory mediators associated with pulmonary function to determine inflammatory pathways and phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in PLWH and HIV-uninfected individuals. METHODS Study participants were PLWH and HIV-uninfected individuals enrolled in the Pittsburgh HIV Lung Cohort. Pulmonary function tests were performed for all participants. Chest computed tomographic scans were performed in a subset of PLWH. Plasma levels of 19 inflammatory mediators were measured by Luminex or ELISA. Clusters were identified based on the expression pattern of inflammatory mediators in PLWH and HIV-uninfected individuals, and the relationships among clinical parameters were evaluated within clusters by using cluster and network analyses. RESULTS In PLWH, we identified a distinct cluster with higher levels of Th1, Th2, and Th17 inflammatory mediators with increased complexity of these mediators and inferred presence of pathogenic Th17 cell types. Individuals in this cluster had worse airway obstruction and more radiographic emphysema. In HIV-uninfected individuals, a cluster with high-grade systemic inflammation also had worse diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide. CONCLUSIONS Inflammatory pathways associated with pulmonary dysfunction in PLWH suggest multifaceted immune dysregulation involved in different phenotypes of pulmonary dysfunction with a potential specific contribution of the Th17 pathway to airway obstruction in PLWH. Identification of these associations may help in development of treatments that could alter the course of the disease.
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Akkoca Ö, Unlu CE, Tatar I, Sargon MF, Zeybek D, Oguztuzun S. Protective Effect of Aerobic Exercise on the Nasal Mucosa of Rats Against the Histopathologic Changes in Cigarette Smoke Exposure. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2020; 99:453-459. [PMID: 31996045 DOI: 10.1177/0145561319900758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smoking is a public health problem that has been proven to have adverse effects on human health. Aerobic exercise has positive effects on the human body, especially on the respiratory system. OBJECTIVE The aim of this experimental animal model study was to determine whether regular aerobic exercise has a protective effect against the harmful effects of cigarette smoke on the nasal mucosa of rats. METHODS A total of 24 male Wistar albino rats were randomly separated into 3 groups of 8: group 1 (cigarette smoking), group 2 (cigarette smoking and exercise), and group 3 (control group). At the end of the experiment period, histopathological (light and electron microscopy) and immunohistochemical (GSTA 1, CYP1A1, and CYP2E1) evaluations were made of the nasal mucosa of the animals. RESULTS Goblet cell loss and basal membrane thickening were significantly lower in group 2 and group 3 compared to group 1. In the electron microscope evaluation, the inflammatory expressions of the goblet cells were observed in a very small area in group 2. In group 1, these were distributed over large areas between the mucosal cells. There was seen to be significant swelling of the mitochondria in group 1 compared to the other groups. No statistically significant difference was determined between the groups with respect to GSTA1, CYP2E1, and CYP1A1 scores (P > .05). CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that regular aerobic exercise has a protective effect against the harmful effects of smoking on the nasal mucosa of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Akkoca
- University of Health Sciences, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ceren Ersoz Unlu
- University of Health Sciences, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ilkan Tatar
- Department of Anatomy, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Dilara Zeybek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serpil Oguztuzun
- Department of Biology, Kirikkale University School of Medicine, Kirikkale, Turkey
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21
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Mukharjee S, Bank S, Maiti S. Chronic Tobacco Exposure by Smoking Develops Insulin Resistance. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 20:869-877. [PMID: 32065107 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200217123901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The present review critically discusses the high occurrence rate, insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes in tobacco exposed individuals. Tobacco extracts and smoke contain a large number of toxic materials and a significant number of those are metabolic disintegrators. DISCUSSION Glucose and lipid homeostasis is severely impaired by this compound. Tobacco exposure contributes to adverse effects by impairing the physical, biochemical and molecular mechanisms in the tissues. The immunological components are damaged by tobacco with high production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-∞) and augmentation of inflammatory responses. These events result in damages to cytoskeletal structures of different tissues. Degradation of matrix structure (by activation of different types of MMPs) results in the permanent damages to the tissues and their metabolic functions. Cellular antioxidant defense system mostly cannot or hardly nullify CS-induced ROS production that activates polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), which are a major source of cytokines and chemokines (TNFα, IL6, IL8, INFγ). Additive effects of these immediately promote the low energy-metabolism as well as inflammation. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation contribute to the direct nicotine toxicity via nAChRs in diabetes. The investigator identified that skeletal muscle insulin-resistance occurs in smokers due to phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate1 (IRS1) at Ser-636 position. CONCLUSION Tobacco exposure initiates free radical related immunological impairment, DNA damage, and inflammation. So, the present analysis is of importance to figure out the mechanistic layout of tobacco-induced tissue damage and its possible therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchismita Mukharjee
- Post Graduate Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Rangamati, Midnapore, WB, 721102, India
| | - Sarbashri Bank
- Post Graduate Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Rangamati, Midnapore, WB, 721102, India
| | - Smarajit Maiti
- Post Graduate Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Rangamati, Midnapore, WB, 721102, India
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22
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Lee YS, Kim JY, Ki SY, Chung SW. Influence of Smoking on the Expression of Genes and Proteins Related to Fat Infiltration, Inflammation, and Fibrosis in the Rotator Cuff Muscles of Patients With Chronic Rotator Cuff Tears: A Pilot Study. Arthroscopy 2019; 35:3181-3191. [PMID: 31785743 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2019.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the altered gene and protein expression patterns in the rotator cuff muscles of smokers and non-smokers with rotator cuff tears and to identify the smoking-associated key genetic factor(s) involved in rotator cuff muscle physiology. METHODS Twenty-four samples of rotator cuff muscle from 12 current heavy smokers (mean age 61.8 ± 5.1 years) and age- and sex-matched 12 non-smokers (mean age 61.8 ± 6.9 years) with medium-sized tears were acquired during arthroscopic surgery. As a statistical method, the propensity score matching technique was used to select control group by 1:1 matching for age and sex. Inclusion criteria were patients who underwent arthroscopic repair for medium-sized full-thickness rotator cuff tears and those that were current smokers with a smoking history >20 packs/year. Patients lacking medium-sized tears, those with recent steroid injection history, isolated subscapularis tear, preoperative stiff shoulder, acute traumatic tear, or previous surgery on the same shoulder, or those that declined to participate were excluded. Alterations in the expression of genes and proteins associated with myogenesis, inflammation, adipogenesis, and muscle fibrosis were compared between smokers and non-smokers with reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Histologic analysis revealed increased inflammation and remarkable fat accumulation and fibrogenesis in the rotator cuff muscle from smokers compared with that from non-smokers. The mRNA expression levels of inflammatory high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1; P = .043), adipogenic CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (P = .046) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ; P = .048), myogenic differentiation 1 (P = .032), fibrogenic alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA; P = .033), and metalloproteinase 9 (P = .036) were significantly greater in samples from smokers than from non-smokers. A correlation was observed between gene and protein expression of HMGB1 (P = .034), PPARγ (P = .021), and α-SMA (P = .021). CONCLUSIONS Smokers with rotator cuff tears showed high inflammation, large fat infiltration, and fibrosis in rotator cuff muscle that is associated with the increased expression of HMGB1, PPARγ, and α-SMA, respectively. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Case control study (Prognostic level III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Soo Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Yeon Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Young Ki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Won Chung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Shukla SD, Walters EH, Simpson JL, Keely S, Wark PA, O'Toole RF, Hansbro PM. Hypoxia‐inducible factor and bacterial infections in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respirology 2019; 25:53-63. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shakti D. Shukla
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - E. Haydn Walters
- School of Medicine, College of Health and MedicineUniversity of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia
| | - Jodie L. Simpson
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Healthy LungsUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Peter A.B. Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Healthy LungsUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Ronan F. O'Toole
- School of Molecular Sciences, College of Science, Health and EngineeringLa Trobe University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Centenary Institute and School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
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24
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Muller PDT, Barbosa GW, O'Donnell DE, Neder JA. Cardiopulmonary and Muscular Interactions: Potential Implications for Exercise (In)tolerance in Symptomatic Smokers Without Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Physiol 2019; 10:859. [PMID: 31354517 PMCID: PMC6635481 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking and physical inactivity are important preventable causes of disability and early death worldwide. Reduced exercise tolerance has been described in smokers, even in those who do not fulfill the extant physiological criteria for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are not particularly sedentary. In this context, it is widely accepted that exercise capacity depends on complex cardio-pulmonary interactions which support oxygen (O2) delivery to muscle mitochondria. Although peripheral muscular factors, O2 transport disturbances (including the effects of increased carboxyhemoglobin) and autonomic nervous system unbalance have been emphasized, other derangements have been more recently described, including early microscopic emphysema, pulmonary microvascular disease, ventilatory and gas exchange inefficiency, and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Using an integrative physiological approach, the present review summarizes the recent advances in knowledge on the effects of smoking on the lung-heart-muscle axis under the stress of exercise. Special attention is given to the mechanisms connecting physiological abnormalities such as early cardio-pulmonary derangements, inadequate oxygen delivery and utilization, and generalized bioenergetic disturbances at the muscular level with the negative sensations (sense of heightened muscle effort and breathlessness) that may decrease the tolerance of smokers to physical exercise. A deeper understanding of the systemic effects of smoking in subjects who did not (yet) show evidences of COPD and ischemic heart disease - two devastating smoking related diseases - might prove instrumental to fight their ever-growing burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo de Tarso Muller
- Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology, Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Gisele Walter Barbosa
- Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology, Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Denis E O'Donnell
- Laboratory of Clinical Exercise Physiology, Respiratory Investigation Unit, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - J Alberto Neder
- Laboratory of Clinical Exercise Physiology, Respiratory Investigation Unit, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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25
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Chen S, Wang Y, Zhang H, Chen R, Lv F, Li Z, Jiang T, Lin D, Zhang H, Yang L, Kong X. The Antioxidant MitoQ Protects Against CSE-Induced Endothelial Barrier Injury and Inflammation by Inhibiting ROS and Autophagy in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1440-1451. [PMID: 31337974 PMCID: PMC6643142 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.30193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Pulmonary vascular endothelial barrier injury and inflammation are increasingly considered to be important pathophysiological processes in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced COPD, but the mechanism remains unclear. To identify the cellular mechanism of endothelial barrier injury and inflammation in CSE-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we investigated the effect of the mitochondrion-targeting antioxidant mitoquinone (MitoQ) on endothelial barrier injury and inflammation. We demonstrated that MitoQ restored endothelial barrier integrity by preventing VE-cadherin disassembly and actin cytoskeleton remodeling, as well as decreased inflammation by the NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways in endothelial cells. In addition, MitoQ also maintained mitochondrial function by reducing the production of ROS and excess autophagy. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA protected against cytotoxicity that was induced by CSE in HUVECs. Overall, our study indicated that mitochondrial damage is a key promoter in the induction of endothelial barrier dysfunction and inflammation by CSE. The protective effect of MitoQ is related to the inhibition of ROS and excess autophagy in CSE-induced HUVEC injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Children's Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, PR China
| | - Ran Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Fangfang Lv
- Department of Children's Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, PR China
| | - Zhengmao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Ting Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Daopeng Lin
- Department of Children's Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, PR China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Kong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
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26
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Liu S, Cui H, Zhang Q, Hua K. Influence of early-life factors on the development of endometriosis. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2019; 24:216-221. [PMID: 31055972 DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2019.1602723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Our aim was to study the association between early-life factors and the development of endometriosis. Methods: This case-control study included 440 women with surgically confirmed endometriosis (cases) and 880 women without endometriosis (controls). Information on early-life factors was ascertained retrospectively by in-person interviews with participants and their mothers. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between endometriosis and maternal and paternal characteristics and foetal and infant exposures were estimated using unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for frequency matching and confounding variables. Results: We observed that women who were not breastfed as infants had twice the risk of endometriosis compared with women who were breastfed (adjusted OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.6, 4.5). Our data suggested an increased endometriosis risk with neonatal vaginal bleeding (adjusted OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.2, 4.3) and paternal smoking (adjusted OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1, 4.9). Although the CIs included the null hypothesis value, caesarean section (adjusted OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.0, 3.5) and prematurity (adjusted OR 1.4; 95% CI 0.8, 3.7) were probably associated with the incidence of endometriosis. Conclusions: Some early-life factors including breastfeeding, neonatal vaginal bleeding and paternal smoking were associated with subsequent, surgically confirmed endometriosis in this cohort of Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songping Liu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Zhenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Zhenjiang , China.,b Department of Gynaecology , Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Hongyan Cui
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Zhenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Zhenjiang , China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Zhenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Zhenjiang , China
| | - Keqin Hua
- b Department of Gynaecology , Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China
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27
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Gromova OA, Torshin IY, Lila AM, Shostak NA, Rudakov KV. Molecular mechanisms of myoprotective action of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate in sarcopenia. NEUROLOGY, NEUROPSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOSOMATICS 2019. [DOI: 10.14412/2074-2711-2019-1-117-124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. A. Gromova
- Federal Research Center “Informatics and Management”, Russian Academy of Sciences;
M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - I. Yu. Torshin
- Federal Research Center “Informatics and Management”, Russian Academy of Sciences;
M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - A. M. Lila
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology
| | - N. A. Shostak
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
| | - K. V. Rudakov
- Federal Research Center “Informatics and Management”, Russian Academy of Sciences;
M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
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28
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Dikalov S, Itani H, Richmond B, Vergeade A, Rahman SMJ, Boutaud O, Blackwell T, Massion PP, Harrison DG, Dikalova A. Tobacco smoking induces cardiovascular mitochondrial oxidative stress, promotes endothelial dysfunction, and enhances hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H639-H646. [PMID: 30608177 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00595.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and hypertension. It is associated with the oxidative stress and induces metabolic reprogramming, altering mitochondrial function. We hypothesized that cigarette smoke induces cardiovascular mitochondrial oxidative stress, which contributes to endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. To test this hypothesis, we studied whether the scavenging of mitochondrial H2O2 in transgenic mice expressing mitochondria-targeted catalase (mCAT) attenuates the development of cigarette smoke/angiotensin II-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and hypertension compared with wild-type mice. Two weeks of exposure of wild-type mice with cigarette smoke increased systolic blood pressure by 17 mmHg, which was similar to the effect of a subpresssor dose of angiotensin II (0.2 mg·kg-1·day-1), leading to a moderate increase to the prehypertensive level. Cigarette smoke exposure and a low dose of angiotensin II cooperatively induced severe hypertension in wild-type mice, but the scavenging of mitochondrial H2O2 in mCAT mice completely prevented the development of hypertension. Cigarette smoke and angiotensin II cooperatively induced oxidation of cardiolipin (a specific biomarker of mitochondrial oxidative stress) in wild-type mice, which was abolished in mCAT mice. Cigarette smoke and angiotensin II impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation and induced superoxide overproduction, which was diminished in mCAT mice. To mimic the tobacco smoke exposure, we used cigarette smoke condensate, which induced mitochondrial superoxide overproduction and reduced endothelial nitric oxide (a hallmark of endothelial dysfunction in hypertension). Western blot experiments indicated that tobacco smoke and angiotensin II reduce the mitochondrial deacetylase sirtuin-3 level and cause hyperacetylation of a key mitochondrial antioxidant, SOD2, which promotes mitochondrial oxidative stress. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work demonstrates tobacco smoking-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress, which contributes to endothelial dysfunction and development of hypertension. We suggest that the targeting of mitochondrial oxidative stress can be beneficial for treatment of pathological conditions associated with tobacco smoking, such as endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Dikalov
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hana Itani
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee.,Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut , Beirut , Lebanon
| | - Bradley Richmond
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Aurelia Vergeade
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - S M Jamshedur Rahman
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Olivier Boutaud
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Timothy Blackwell
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee.,Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Pierre P Massion
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee.,Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David G Harrison
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anna Dikalova
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee
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29
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Ge S, Ye P, Li GY, Fu YF, Zhou Q, Huang F, Wang X, Wang WM. Effects of active and passive smoking on salivary cytokines levels in rats: A pilot study. Toxicol Ind Health 2018; 35:109-118. [PMID: 30558485 DOI: 10.1177/0748233718817192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for some oral diseases. As an essential fluid in the oral cavity, saliva is crucial to maintain oral health. Relative to active smoking, there are very few studies assessing the effect of passive smoking on salivary cytokines levels. In the present study, we established the rat models by the means of the intraoral cigarette smoking or whole body cigarette smoke exposure to simulate human active or passive smoking, respectively. The effects of active or passive smoking on salivary cytokines levels were assessed by using ProcartaPlex multiplex immunoassays. The results of the current study indicated that both active and passive smoking diminished the body weights of rats and increased the levels of some blood counts. Intriguingly, active smoking enhanced the salivary levels of IL-6 and IL-12 p70 and passive smoking elevated the salivary IL-6 level. Moreover, active smoking appeared to have a more prominent activation effect on the salivary IL-6 level. It was noted that active or passive smoking had no significant effect on the salivary IFN-γ level. Active or passive smoking could have potential effects on the salivary levels of some pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Ge
- 1 Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Ye
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guo-Yang Li
- 1 Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Fu Fu
- 3 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Huang
- 1 Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- 1 Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Mei Wang
- 1 Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Kalinkovich A, Gabdulina G, Livshits G. Autoimmunity, inflammation, and dysbiosis mutually govern the transition from the preclinical to the clinical stage of rheumatoid arthritis. Immunol Res 2018; 66:696-709. [DOI: 10.1007/s12026-018-9048-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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