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Jiang M, Li M, Li Y, Yu L, Zheng Y, Jiang R. Body composition in second trimester is associated with dyslipidemia in third trimester. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 310:171-179. [PMID: 38491293 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between maternal body composition during the second trimester and the occurrence of dyslipidemia in the third trimester. METHODS A cohort of 1508 pregnant women who underwent antenatal testing at Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, were included in this study. Maternal body composition was assessed using bioimpedance analysis between 14 and 22 weeks of gestation. RESULTS Among the 1508 participants, a total of 1420 individuals (94.2%) were diagnosed with dyslipidemia. Notably, there were significant differences in body composition between the normal lipid group and the dyslipidemia group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that various factors including BMI, total body water (TBW), intra-cellular water (ICW), extra-cellular water (ECW), percent body fat (PBF), visceral fat area (VFA), fat-free mass (FFM) and arm circumference (AC) during the second trimester were all found to be associated with dyslipidemia in the third trimester. CONCLUSION The present study found that maternal body composition was associated with dyslipidemia. The BMI, TBW, ICW, ECW, PBF, VFA, FFM and AC in second trimester were associated with dyslipidemia in third trimester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqi Jiang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yanwei Zheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Rongzhen Jiang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Leca BM, Lagojda L, Kite C, Karteris E, Kassi E, Randeva HS, Kyrou I. Maternal obesity and metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease in pregnancy: a comprehensive narrative review. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38860684 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2024.2365791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) during pregnancy constitute significant problems for routine antenatal care, with increasing prevalence globally. Similar to obesity, MAFLD is associated with a higher risk for maternal complications (e.g. pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes) and long-term adverse health outcomes for the offspring. However, MAFLD during pregnancy is often under-recognized, with limited management/treatment options. AREAS COVERED PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus were searched based on a search strategy for obesity and/or MAFLD in pregnancy to identify relevant papers up to 2024. This review summarizes the pertinent evidence on the relationship between maternal obesity and MAFLD during pregnancy. Key mechanisms implicated in the underlying pathophysiology linking obesity and MAFLD during pregnancy (e.g. insulin resistance and dysregulated adipokine secretion) are highlighted. Moreover, a diagnostic approach for MAFLD diagnosis during pregnancy and its complications are presented. Finally, promising relevant areas for future research are covered. EXPERT OPINION Research progress regarding maternal obesity, MAFLD, and their impact on maternal and fetal/offspring health is expected to improve the relevant diagnostic methods and lead to novel treatments. Thus, routine practice could apply more personalized management strategies, incorporating individualized algorithms with genetic and/or multi-biomarker profiling to guide prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca M Leca
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Lukasz Lagojda
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- Clinical Evidence-Based Information Service (CEBIS), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Chris Kite
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
- Chester Medical School, University of Chester, Shrewsbury, UK
| | - Emmanouil Karteris
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Division of Biosciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Endocrine Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Harpal S Randeva
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
- Institute of Cardiometabolic Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Ioannis Kyrou
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
- Institute of Cardiometabolic Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby, UK
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Lv Y, Xu L, He Z, Liu X, Guo Y. The association between pregnancy levels of blood lipids and the risk of preterm birth. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10800. [PMID: 38734779 PMCID: PMC11088646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61119-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Preterm labor, a condition associated with various risk factors such as a history of prior preterm birth (PTB) and multiple pregnancies, has recently seen an increasing focus on its potential link with dyslipidemia. This study aims to investigate the relationship between dyslipidemia in expectant mothers and the risks of PTB. We studied 6963 mothers who gave birth at the International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine in 2020, among which, 437 women had PTB. We extracted clinical and lipid data from electronic records, using multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models to explore the link between lipid concentrations (by quartiles) in pregnancy stages and PTB risk. The PTB rate was 6.3%. Early pregnancy in the PTB group showed elevated ApoA, ApoB, CHOL, LDL, and TG levels compared to controls (all P < 0.05). Late pregnancy showed no notable lipid differences. Multivariable analysis revealed elevated ApoA, TG, higher age, BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2, hypertension, assisted reproductive technology and gestational diabetes as PTB risk factors (all P < 0.05). After adjustments, higher ApoA, ApoB, CHOL and TG levels correlated with increased PTB risk. Using the lowest quartile, the adjusted ORs for early pregnancy's highest quartile of ApoA, ApoB, CHOL and TG were 1.348, 1.442, 1.442 and 2.156, respectively. Our findings indicate that dyslipemia in early pregnancy, including elevated levels of ApoA, ApoB, CHOL and TG, are associated with PTB. Managing lipid abnormalities during pregnancy may help reduce the risk of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lv
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Hengshan Road 910, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Xu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Hengshan Road 910, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong He
- Songjiang Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Hengshan Road 910, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuna Guo
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Hengshan Road 910, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China.
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Saadat N, Aguate F, Nowak AL, Hyer S, Lin AB, Decot H, Koch H, Walker DS, Lydic T, Padmanabhan V, Campos GDL, Misra D, Giurgescu C. Changes in Lipid Profiles with the Progression of Pregnancy in Black Women. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2795. [PMID: 38792337 PMCID: PMC11122055 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Lipid metabolism plays an important role in maternal health and fetal development. There is a gap in the knowledge of how lipid metabolism changes during pregnancy for Black women who are at a higher risk of adverse outcomes. We hypothesized that the comprehensive lipidome profiles would show variation across pregnancy indicative of requirements during gestation and fetal development. Methods: Black women were recruited at prenatal clinics. Plasma samples were collected at 8-18 weeks (T1), 22-29 weeks (T2), and 30-36 weeks (T3) of pregnancy. Samples from 64 women who had term births (≥37 weeks gestation) were subjected to "shotgun" Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Mixed-effects models were used to quantify systematic changes and dimensionality reduction models were used to visualize patterns and identify reliable lipid signatures. Results: Total lipids and major lipid classes showed significant increases with the progression of pregnancy. Phospholipids and glycerolipids exhibited a gradual increase from T1 to T2 to T3, while sphingolipids and total sterol lipids displayed a more pronounced increase from T2 to T3. Acylcarnitines, hydroxy acylcarnitines, and Lyso phospholipid levels significantly decreased from T1 to T3. A deviation was that non-esterified fatty acids decreased from T1 to T2 and increased again from T2 to T3, suggestive of a potential role for these lipids during the later stages of pregnancy. The fatty acids showing this trend included key fatty acids-non-esterified Linoleic acid, Arachidonic acid, Alpha-linolenic acid, Eicosapentaenoic acid, Docosapentaenoic acid, and Docosahexaenoic acid. Conclusions: Mapping lipid patterns and identifying lipid signatures would help develop intervention strategies to reduce perinatal health disparities among pregnant Black women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Saadat
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019, USA;
| | - Fernando Aguate
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | | | - Suzanne Hyer
- College of Nursing, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Anna B. Lin
- Molecular Metabolism and Disease Mass Spectrometry Core, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Hannah Decot
- Molecular Metabolism and Disease Mass Spectrometry Core, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Hannah Koch
- Molecular Metabolism and Disease Mass Spectrometry Core, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | | | - Todd Lydic
- Molecular Metabolism and Disease Mass Spectrometry Core, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | | | - Gustavo de los Campos
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Dawn Misra
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Carmen Giurgescu
- College of Nursing, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
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Omaña-Guzmán I, Ortiz-Hernández L, Ancira-Moreno M, Godines-Enriquez M, O'Neill M, Vadillo-Ortega F. Association between maternal cardiometabolic markers and fetal growth in non-complicated pregnancies: a secondary analysis of the PRINCESA cohort. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9096. [PMID: 38643289 PMCID: PMC11032337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59940-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of maternal cardiometabolic markers trajectories (glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)) with estimated fetal weight trajectories and birth weight in Mexican pregnant women without medical complications. Cardiometabolic marker trajectories were characterized using group-based trajectory models. Mixed-effect and linear regression models were estimated to assess the association of maternal trajectories with estimated fetal weight and birth weight. The final sample comprised 606 mother-child dyads. Two trajectory groups of maternal cardiometabolic risk indicators during pregnancy were identified (high and low). Fetuses from women with higher values of TG had higher weight gain during pregnancy ( β ^ = 24.00 g; 95%CI: 12.9, 35.3), were heavier at the sixth month ( β ^ =48.24 g; 95%CI: 7.2, 89.7) and had higher birth weight ( β ^ = 89.08 g; 95%CI: 20.8, 157.4) than fetuses in the low values trajectory. Fetuses from mothers with high SBP and DBP had less weight in the sixth month of pregnancy ( β ^ = - 42.4 g; 95%CI: - 82.7, - 2.1 and β ^ = - 50.35 g; 95%CI: - 94.2, - 6.4), and a higher DBP trajectory was associated with lower birth weight ( β ^ = - 101.48 g; 95%CI: - 176.5, - 26.4). In conclusion, a longitudinal exposition to high values of TG and BP was associated with potentially adverse effects on fetal growth. These findings support the potential modulation of children's phenotype by maternal cardiometabolic conditions in pregnancies without medical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Omaña-Guzmán
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Vinculación Científica de la Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Periférico Sur 4809, Arenal Tepepan, 14610, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic and Wellness Unit, Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Ortiz-Hernández
- Departamento de Atención a la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Marie O'Neill
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Felipe Vadillo-Ortega
- Unidad de Vinculación Científica de la Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Periférico Sur 4809, Arenal Tepepan, 14610, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico.
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Ma N, Bai L, Lu Q. First-Trimester Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Triglyceride/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol are Predictors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among the Four Surrogate Biomarkers of Insulin Resistance. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:1575-1583. [PMID: 38616992 PMCID: PMC11015049 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s454826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study seeks to assess the potential of early pregnancy Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG), triglyceride to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-c), Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ratio (LDL-C/HDL-C), and Total Cholesterol to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ratio (TC/HDL-C) in predicting Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). Patients and Methods A total of 1073 adults singleton pregnant women were enrolled from June 2017 to September 2019. Complete anthropometric data and lipid profiles were measured in the first trimester (before 12 weeks gestation) and a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 weeks was performed. Based on OGTT results, participants were categorised into Normal Glucose Tolerance (NGT) group (n=872) and GDM group (n=201). General data, laboratory test results, and surrogate insulin resistance indicators such as TyG index, TG/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, and TC/HDL-C were documented and compared. To compare differences between the two groups, t-test was used, Spearman correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were performed to establish associations between these indicators and insulin resistance in GDM. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to compare the thresholds of these indicators for predicting GDM during pregnancy and to quantify overall diagnostic accuracy. Results Individuals with GDM had higher TyG, TG/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C levels (P < 0.001), but with no significant difference observed in TC/HDL-C. All four ratios were positively correlated with Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), yet only TyG emerged as an independent risk factor for HOMA-IR. The Area under the Curve (AUC) of TyG index (0.692) was comparable to that of HOMA-IR (0.703). The cut-off points for TyG index, TG/HDL-C, and HOMA-IR in predicting GDM were 7.088, 0.831, and 1.8, respectively. HOMA-IR exhibited the highest sensitivity (79.1%), while TyG index (64.3%) and TG/HDL-C ratio (64.3%) demonstrated better specificity compared to HOMA-IR (56.3%). LDL-C/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C offered no discernible predictive advantage. Conclusion Early pregnancy TyG index and TG/HDL-C can aid in identifying pregnant women at risk for GDM, potentially facilitating early and effective intervention to improve prognosis. TyG index exhibited superior predictive capability compared to TG/HDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Hebei, Qinhuangdao, 066000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liwei Bai
- Qinhuangdao Hospital for Maternal and Child Health, Hebei, Qinhuangdao, 066000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Hebei, Qinhuangdao, 066000, People’s Republic of China
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Wei H, Tang Y, Xia Y, Yu Y. Study of triglyceride changes during pregnancy and neonatal birth weight and adverse outcomes. Am J Hum Biol 2024:e24075. [PMID: 38515310 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes of maternal triglyceride concentrations are closely associated with intrauterine fetal growth and development, but the effect of mid- to late-term triglyceride changes on birth weight is uncertain. This study investigated the association between changes in triglycerides in mid to late in pregnant women gestational age ≥ 35 weeks on neonatal birth weight and adverse outcomes. METHODS This cohort study was based on 931 pregnant women with a singleton delivery at gestational age ≥ 35 weeks from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022 at Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital (NJLSPH) in China, with all maternal triglyceride concentrations measured at mid-term and late-term before delivery. The primary outcomes were neonatal birth weight and the risk of macrosomia. RESULTS Late term triglyceride levels were positively associated with birth weight (β = 126.40, 95% CI: 61.95, 190.84, p < .001) and risk of macrosomia (OR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.12, 3.98, p = .022). Late mid-term triglyceride was positively associated with birth weight (β = 27.58, 95% CI: 9.67, 45.50, p = .003), and no correlation with risk of macrosomia (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.95, 1.31, p = .178). Mid-term triglyceride was not associated with birth weight (β = 45.79, 95% CI: -28.73, 120.30, p = .229) and risk of macrosomia (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 0.89, 3.78, p = .101). CONCLUSION Late triglyceride levels were associated with birth weight and risk of macrosomia, while late to mid-term triglyceride were associated with birth weight but not with risk of macrosomia. This suggests that maternal triglyceride changes may affect fetal growth and development, and more studies focusing on the effects of gestational triglyceride profiles are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Wei
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinyan Tang
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Pediatric Department, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Pediatric Department, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Fang H, Li Q, Wang H, Ren Y, Zhang L, Yang L. Maternal nutrient metabolism in the liver during pregnancy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1295677. [PMID: 38572473 PMCID: PMC10987773 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1295677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver plays pivotal roles in nutrient metabolism, and correct hepatic adaptations are required in maternal nutrient metabolism during pregnancy. In this review, hepatic nutrient metabolism, including glucose metabolism, lipid and cholesterol metabolism, and protein and amino acid metabolism, is first addressed. In addition, recent progress on maternal hepatic adaptations in nutrient metabolism during pregnancy is discussed. Finally, the factors that regulate hepatic nutrient metabolism during pregnancy are highlighted, and the factors include follicle-stimulating hormone, estrogen, progesterone, insulin-like growth factor 1, prostaglandins fibroblast growth factor 21, serotonin, growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone, melatonin, adrenal hormone, leptin, glucagon-like peptide-1, insulin glucagon and thyroid hormone. Our vision is that more attention should be paid to liver nutrient metabolism during pregnancy, which will be helpful for utilizing nutrient appropriately and efficiently, and avoiding liver diseases during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Fang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Qingyang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Ying Ren
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Leying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Ling Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
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Dalfrà MG, Burlina S, Ragazzi E, Pastrolin S, Sartore G, Lapolla A. Lipid profile in women of different ethnicity with gestational diabetes: Relationship with fetal growth. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:355-363. [PMID: 38087914 PMCID: PMC10906017 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by excessive insulin resistance that impairs the metabolism of glucose and lipids. the aim of the study was to examine lipid profiles during pregnancy of women with GDM, and its impact on fetal growth in a multiethnic population. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 322 pregnant women of different ethnicity with GDM attending a clinical unit specializing in metabolic diseases. RESULTS The area under the curve for the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and glycated hemoglobin were significantly different among all groups. At the time of being diagnosed with GDM, Asian and African mothers had significantly lower levels of total and low-density liprotein cholesterol than European mothers (P < 0.001). The trend for high-density liprotein cholesterol was similar. Triglycerides levels in the Asian group (193.6 ± 65.5 mg/dL) were higher than in the African group (133.2 ± 49.6 mg/dL, P < 0.001), whereas the European group presented intermediate values (175.8 ± 58.8 mg/dL), which differed significantly only versus the African group (P < 0.001). Pre-partum lipid profiles showed a trend quite similar to that observed at diagnosis. The newborn's birthweight was significantly different, with that of African women (3,437 ± 503 g) being the highest, followed by that of European women (3,294 ± 455 g) and of Asian women (3,006 ± 513 g). The rates of macrosomia showed a trend with higher values in the African group (13.5%), followed by the European group (5.7%, P = 0.1162), whereas that of the Asian group was zero (P = 0.0023 vs African). CONCLUSIONS Our data show that lipid profiles in women with GDM differ by ethnicity. The impact of lipid profile on fetal growth is limited and uninfluenced by ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Burlina
- Department of Medicine – DIMEDUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Eugenio Ragazzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
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Monod C, Kotzaeridi G, Linder T, Yerlikaya‐Schatten G, Wegener S, Mosimann B, Henrich W, Tura A, Göbl CS. Maternal overweight and obesity and its association with metabolic changes and fetal overgrowth in the absence of gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2024; 103:257-265. [PMID: 38140706 PMCID: PMC10823396 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies indicated an association between fetal overgrowth and maternal obesity independent of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the underlying mechanisms beyond this possible association are not completely understood. This study investigates metabolic changes and their association with fetal and neonatal biometry in overweight and obese mothers who remained normal glucose-tolerant during gestation. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this prospective cohort study 893 women who did not develop GDM were categorized according to their pregestational body mass index (BMI): 570 were normal weight, 220 overweight and 103 obese. Study participants received a broad metabolic evaluation before 16 weeks and were followed up until delivery to assess glucose levels during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at mid-gestation as well as fetal biometry in ultrasound and pregnancy outcome data. RESULTS Increased maternal BMI was associated with an adverse metabolic profile at the beginning of pregnancy, including a lower degree of insulin sensitivity (as assessed by the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index) in overweight (mean difference: -2.4, 95% CI -2.9 to -1.9, p < 0.001) and obese (mean difference: -4.3, 95% CI -5.0 to -3.7, p < 0.001) vs normal weight women. Despite not fulfilling diagnosis criteria for GDM, overweight and obese mothers showed higher glucose levels at fasting and during the OGTT. Finally, we observed increased measures of fetal subcutaneous tissue thickness in ultrasound as well as higher proportions of large-for-gestational-age infants in overweight (18.9%, odds ratio [OR] 1.74, 95% CI 1.08-2.78, p = 0.021) and obese mothers (21.0%, OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.06-3.59, p = 0.027) vs normal weight controls (11.8%). The risk for large for gestational age was further determined by OGTT glucose (60 min: OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.21, p = 0.013; 120 min: OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02-1.27, P = 0.025, for the increase of 10 mg/dL) and maternal triglyceride concentrations (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.22, p = 0.036, for the increase of 20 mg/dL). CONCLUSIONS Mothers affected by overweight or obesity but not GDM had a higher risk for fetal overgrowth. An impaired metabolic milieu related to increased maternal BMI as well as higher glucose levels at mid-gestation may impact fetal overgrowth in women still in the range of normal glucose tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Monod
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Grammata Kotzaeridi
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Tina Linder
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Silke Wegener
- Clinic of ObstetricsCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | - Beatrice Mosimann
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Wolfgang Henrich
- Clinic of ObstetricsCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | | | - Christian S. Göbl
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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Klemetti MM, Pettersson ABV, Ahmad Khan A, Ermini L, Porter TR, Litvack ML, Alahari S, Zamudio S, Illsley NP, Röst H, Post M, Caniggia I. Lipid profile of circulating placental extracellular vesicles during pregnancy identifies foetal growth restriction risk. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12413. [PMID: 38353485 PMCID: PMC10865917 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Small-for-gestational age (SGA) neonates exhibit increased perinatal morbidity and mortality, and a greater risk of developing chronic diseases in adulthood. Currently, no effective maternal blood-based screening methods for determining SGA risk are available. We used a high-resolution MS/MSALL shotgun lipidomic approach to explore the lipid profiles of small extracellular vesicles (sEV) released from the placenta into the circulation of pregnant individuals. Samples were acquired from 195 normal and 41 SGA pregnancies. Lipid profiles were determined serially across pregnancy. We identified specific lipid signatures of placental sEVs that define the trajectory of a normal pregnancy and their changes occurring in relation to maternal characteristics (parity and ethnicity) and birthweight centile. We constructed a multivariate model demonstrating that specific lipid features of circulating placental sEVs, particularly during early gestation, are highly predictive of SGA infants. Lipidomic-based biomarker development promises to improve the early detection of pregnancies at risk of developing SGA, an unmet clinical need in obstetrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miira M. Klemetti
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Ante B. V. Pettersson
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and LearningHospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Aafaque Ahmad Khan
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Leonardo Ermini
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Tyler R. Porter
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Michael L. Litvack
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and LearningHospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Sruthi Alahari
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
| | | | | | - Hannes Röst
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Martin Post
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and LearningHospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
- Institute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department PhysiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Isabella Caniggia
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Institute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department PhysiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
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12
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Huang J, Meng X, Li J, Gong X, Wu T, Shi H, Li X, Wang X, Yang J, Zhao Y, Wei Y. Serum lipid reference values recommended during a twin pregnancy and evaluating its association with perinatal outcomes. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:18. [PMID: 38166706 PMCID: PMC10759376 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-06110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal lipid metabolism fluctuations have been shown to increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, there is no consensus over what constitutes normal maternal lipid values during twin pregnancy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish a serum lipid reference range for a twin pregnancy. METHODS A retrospective survey was conducted, from 2011 to 2021, at the Peking University Third Hospital. A total of 881 twin pregnancies, with lipid data from early and middle pregnancies, were included. After excluding those with adverse pregnancy outcomes, we performed a descriptive analysis of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipid cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipid cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, using the mean and standard deviation to determine appropriate percentiles. We later determined the lipid reference range in early and middle pregnancy based on the initial results. We evaluated Inappropriate lipid levels associations with pregnancy outcomes, including gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, small for gestational age. RESULTS (1) Serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C increased significantly from early to late pregnancy, where the greatest increase was observed in TG. (2) Based on the results, we recommend that TC, TG, and LDL-C serum reference values during early and middle pregnancy should be less than the 95th percentile. On the other hand, HDL-C should be greater than the 5th percentile. During early pregnancy, the values recommended are TC < 5.31 mmol/L, TG < 2.25 mmol/L, HDL > 1.02 mmol/L and LDL < 3.27 mmol/L, and those during middle pregnancy are TC < 8.74 mmol/L, TG < 4.89 mmol/L, HDL > 1.25 mmol/L and LDL < 5.49 mmol/L, while the values during late pregnancy are TC < 9.11 mmol/L, TG < 6.70 mmol/L, HDL > 1.10 mmol/L and LDL < 5.81 mmol/L. Higher levels of blood lipids were associated with GDM, PE, SGA. CONCLUSIONS We suggested a reference ranges for blood lipids during the twin pregnancy in a Chinese population. The reference ranges recommended by this study can be used to identify women with twin pregnancies using unfavorable lipid values. Higher levels of blood lipids were associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Huang
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinlu Meng
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Gong
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianchen Wu
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huifeng Shi
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Li
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xueju Wang
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyu Zhao
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
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13
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Islam M, Behura SK. Role of paralogs in the sex-bias transcriptional and metabolic regulation of the brain-placental axis in mice. Placenta 2024; 145:143-150. [PMID: 38134547 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Duplicated genes or paralogs play important roles in the adaptive function of eukaryotic genomes. Animal studies have shown evidence for the functional role of paralogs in pregnancy, but our knowledge about the role of paralogs in the fetoplacental regulation remains limited. In particular, if fetoplacental metabolic regulation is modulated by differential expression of paralogs remains unexamined. METHODS In this study, gene expression profiles of day-15 placenta and fetal brain were compared to identify families or groups of paralogous genes expressed in the placenta and brain of male versus female fetuses in mice. A Bayesian modeling was applied to infer directional relationship of transcriptional variation of the paralogs relative to the phylogenetic variation of the genes in each family. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to perform untargeted metabolomics analysis of day-15 placenta and fetal brain of both sexes. RESULTS We identified paralog groups that were expressed in a sex and/or tissue biased manner between the placenta and fetal brain. Bayesian modeling showed evidence for directional relationship between expression and phylogeny of specific paralogs. These relationships were sex specific. GC-MS analysis identified metabolites that were expressed in a sex-bias manner between the placenta and fetal brain. By performing integrative analysis of the metabolomics and gene expression data, we showed that specific groups of metabolites and paralogous genes were expressed in a coordinated manner between the placenta and fetal brain. DISCUSSION The findings of this study collectively suggest that paralogs play an influential role in the regulation of the brain-placental axis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliha Islam
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Drive, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Susanta K Behura
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Drive, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA; MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, USA; Interdisciplinary Reproduction and Health Group, University of Missouri, USA; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, USA.
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14
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Meng XL, Yuan PB, Wang XJ, Hang J, Shi XM, Zhao YY, Wei Y. The Proteome Landscape of Human Placentas for Monochorionic Twins with Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2023; 21:1246-1259. [PMID: 37121272 PMCID: PMC11082409 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In perinatal medicine, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is one of the greatest challenges. The etiology of IUGR is multifactorial, but most cases are thought to arise from placental insufficiency. However, identifying the placental cause of IUGR can be difficult due to numerous confounding factors. Selective IUGR (sIUGR) would be a good model to investigate how impaired placentation affects fetal development, as the growth discordance between monochorionic twins cannot be explained by confounding genetic or maternal factors. Herein, we constructed and analyzed the placental proteomic profiles of IUGR twins and normal cotwins. Specifically, we identified a total of 5481 proteins, of which 233 were differentially expressed (57 up-regulated and 176 down-regulated) in IUGR twins. Bioinformatics analysis indicates that these differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) are mainly associated with cardiovascular system development and function, organismal survival, and organismal development. Notably, 34 DEPs are significantly enriched in angiogenesis, and diminished placental angiogenesis in IUGR twins has been further elaborately confirmed. Moreover, we found decreased expression of metadherin (MTDH) in the placentas of IUGR twins and demonstrated that MTDH contributes to placental angiogenesis and fetal growth in vitro. Collectively, our findings reveal the comprehensive proteomic signatures of placentas for sIUGR twins, and the DEPs identified may provide in-depth insights into the pathogenesis of placental dysfunction and subsequent impaired fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Lu Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Peng-Bo Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xue-Ju Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Hang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang-Yu Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
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15
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Wu Y, Wang Y, Zhang W, Peng J, Qin L, Zhang L, Chen R, Gu W, Sun Q, Liu C, Li R. Gestational exposure to ambient fine particulate matter disrupts maternal hepatic lipid metabolism. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140369. [PMID: 37802477 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy is a unique physiological stage for females as well as a vulnerable period for pollutant exposure. The effect of gestational ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure on maternal lipid metabolism during pregnancy is rarely observed, and the mechanism is unknown. In the current study, pregnant C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to either ambient PM2.5 or filtered air exposure chambers since gestational day (GD) 0. Meanwhile, non-pregnant female mice were housed as controls in each exposure chamber. PM2.5 exposure exerted no significant effect on body weight gain or the body composition during pregnancy. Pregnant mice exposed to PM2.5 demonstrated improved glucose tolerance, whereas non-pregnant mice showed an increased fasting blood glucose level after PM2.5 exposure with no alterations in glucose tolerance. PM2.5 exposure exerted no significant effect on total lipid content in serum during pregnancy, while an increased serum total lipid level was found in non-pregnant mice exposed to PM2.5. PM2.5 exposure had no effect on total liver lipid levels, it increased several triacylglycerol (TAG) species and total cholesterol esters (CEs) in pregnant mice but lowered a considerable amount in non-pregnant mice' livers. Furthermore, gestational exposure to PM2.5 enhanced the expression of key enzymes in fatty acid uptake, de novo lipid synthesis, and β oxidation, and inhibited molecules for lipid export in mice liver. Conversely, PM2.5 exposure upregulated proteins involved in hepatic lipolysis and lipid export in non-pregnant mice. These results suggest that the interference of PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy on the lipid metabolism, particularly the hepatic lipid metabolism, differs from that during non-pregnancy. This study provides toxicological evidence that PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy disrupts the lipid metabolism of the liver and provides a basis for protecting vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlu Wu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Pollution and Health, Joint China-US Research Center for Environment and Pulmonary Diseases, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yirun Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Pollution and Health, Joint China-US Research Center for Environment and Pulmonary Diseases, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Zhuantang Community Healthcare Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Qin
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Pollution and Health, Joint China-US Research Center for Environment and Pulmonary Diseases, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Pollution and Health, Joint China-US Research Center for Environment and Pulmonary Diseases, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rucheng Chen
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Pollution and Health, Joint China-US Research Center for Environment and Pulmonary Diseases, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijia Gu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Pollution and Health, Joint China-US Research Center for Environment and Pulmonary Diseases, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Sun
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Pollution and Health, Joint China-US Research Center for Environment and Pulmonary Diseases, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cuiqing Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Pollution and Health, Joint China-US Research Center for Environment and Pulmonary Diseases, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ran Li
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Pollution and Health, Joint China-US Research Center for Environment and Pulmonary Diseases, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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16
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Al Ghadban Y, Du Y, Charnock-Jones DS, Garmire LX, Smith GCS, Sovio U. Prediction of spontaneous preterm birth using supervised machine learning on metabolomic data: A case-cohort study. BJOG 2023. [PMID: 37984426 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify and internally validate metabolites predictive of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) using multiple machine learning methods and sequential maternal serum samples, and to predict spontaneous early term birth (sETB) using these metabolites. DESIGN Case-cohort design within a prospective cohort study. SETTING Cambridge, UK. POPULATION OR SAMPLE A total of 399 Pregnancy Outcome Prediction study participants, including 98 cases of sPTB. METHODS An untargeted metabolomic analysis of maternal serum samples at 12, 20, 28 and 36 weeks of gestation was performed. We applied six supervised machine learning methods and a weighted Cox model to measurements at 28 weeks of gestation and sPTB, followed by feature selection. We used logistic regression with elastic net penalty, followed by best subset selection, to reduce the number of predictive metabolites further. We applied coefficients from the chosen models to measurements from different gestational ages to predict sPTB and sETB. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES sPTB and sETB. RESULTS We identified 47 metabolites, mostly lipids, as important predictors of sPTB by two or more methods and 22 were identified by three or more methods. The best 4-predictor model had an optimism-corrected area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.703 at 28 weeks of gestation. The model also predicted sPTB in 12-week samples (0.606, 95% CI 0.544-0.667) and 20-week samples (0.657, 95% CI 0.597-0.717) and it predicted sETB in 36-week samples (0.727, 95% CI 0.606-0.849). A lysolipid, 1-palmitoleoyl-GPE (16:1)*, was the strongest predictor of sPTB at 12 weeks of gestation (0.609, 95% CI 0.548-0.670), 20 weeks (0.630, 95% CI 0.569-0.690) and 28 weeks (0.660, 95% CI 0.599-0.722), and of sETB at 36 weeks (0.739, 95% CI 0.618-0.860). CONCLUSIONS We identified and internally validated maternal serum metabolites predictive of sPTB. A lysolipid, 1-palmitoleoyl-GPE (16:1)*, is a novel predictor of sPTB and sETB. Further validation in external populations is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina Al Ghadban
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yuheng Du
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - D Stephen Charnock-Jones
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research (CTR), Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lana X Garmire
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Gordon C S Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research (CTR), Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ulla Sovio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research (CTR), Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Yang R, Yuan X, Zheng W, Wang J, Zhang K, Ma Y, Li G. Dynamic changes in blood lipid levels and their associations with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in twin pregnancy: A retrospective study. J Clin Lipidol 2023; 17:765-776. [PMID: 37827926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little knowledge on the association of blood lipid levels with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) in twin pregnancy. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of blood lipid levels with HDP in twin pregnancy. METHODS This is a retrospective study in the Beijing Birth Cohort on patients followed between January 2014 and November 2021. A total of 2628 women pregnant with twins were included and divided into HDP (n = 565) and normal blood pressure (NBP, n = 2063) groups. HDP subtypes included gestational hypertension (GH, n = 190) and preeclampsia (PE, n = 375). Dynamic changes in blood lipid profiles and their associations with HDP were assessed. RESULTS Compared to NBP group, higher triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in the first (T1) and second trimesters (T2) existed in women with PE. In addition, TG increased significantly from T1 to T2, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) decreased significantly since T2 in women with PE, especially in women with early-onset PE and severe PE. Elevated TG and LDL-c were associated with HDP, mainly PE. In a subgroup analysis, higher TG or LDL-c increased the risk of HDP for underweight, overweight and primipara women. CONCLUSIONS In twin pregnancy, women with PE had higher TG and LDL-c, and elevated TG and LDL-c were associated with PE. A significant increase in TG or decrease in HDL-c were more prone to PE, especially early-onset PE and severe PE. It is helpful to monitor blood lipid levels in women pregnant with twins, especially in underweight, overweight, and primipara women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No 251. Yaojiayuan Road, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Xianxian Yuan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No 251. Yaojiayuan Road, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No 251. Yaojiayuan Road, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No 251. Yaojiayuan Road, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No 251. Yaojiayuan Road, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Yuru Ma
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No 251. Yaojiayuan Road, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Guanghui Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No 251. Yaojiayuan Road, Beijing 100026, China.
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Akash MSH, Noureen S, Rehman K, Nadeem A, Khan MA. Investigating the biochemical association of gestational diabetes mellitus with dyslipidemia and hemoglobin. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1242939. [PMID: 37964879 PMCID: PMC10641375 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1242939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To investigate the biochemical correlation of hemoglobin (Hb), dyslipidemia, and HbA1c with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Background GDM is a condition that develops during pregnancy and is characterized by high blood sugar levels. Biochemical parameters such as hemoglobin (Hb), dyslipidemia, and HbA1c have been implicated in the development of GDM. Understanding the correlation between these biochemical parameters and GDM can provide insights into the underlying mechanisms and potential diagnostic markers for the condition. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation of various biochemical parameters, including Hb, dyslipidemia, and HbA1c, in pregnant women with and without GDM. Method A cross-sectional study design was used. Pregnant females attending a tertiary care hospital in Faisalabad between September 1st, 2021, and June 25th, 2022, were included in the study. The participants were divided into two groups: those with GDM (GDM group) and those without GDM (non-GDM group). Blood glucose, Hb, and lipid levels were compared between the two groups using statistical tests, including chi-square, independent sample t-test, and Pearson's correlation. Result Out of the 500 participants, 261 were in the 2nd trimester and 239 in the 3rd trimester. Maternal age showed a significant difference between the GDM and non-GDM groups. The levels of Hb, TC, HDL, LDL, and HbA1c significantly differed (p < 0.05) between the two groups. TC (r = 0.397), TG (r = 0.290), and LDL (r = 0.509) showed a statistically significant and moderately positive correlation with GDM. HDL (r = -0.394) and Hb (r = -0.294) showed a moderate negative correlation with GDM. Conclusion Increased levels of HbA1c, TC, and LDL, along with decreased levels of HDL and Hb, were identified as contributing factors to GDM. The levels of TC, TG, and LDL were positively correlated with GDM, while HDL and Hb were negatively correlated. The findings of this study suggest that monitoring and managing hemoglobin, dyslipidemia, and HbA1c levels during pregnancy may be important in identifying and potentially preventing or managing GDM. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and potential interventions targeting these biochemical parameters in relation to GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sibgha Noureen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chenab, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsin Abbas Khan
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Abu-Awwad SA, Craina M, Boscu L, Bernad E, Ciordas PD, Marian C, Iurciuc M, Abu-Awwad A, Iurciuc S, Bernad B, Popov DMA, Maghiari AL. Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Assessing the Significance of Lp(a) and ApoB Concentrations in a Romanian Cohort. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1416. [PMID: 37763183 PMCID: PMC10532696 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13091416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This research delves into the association between altered lipid profiles and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), shedding light on cardiovascular implications in maternal health. Methods: A cohort of 83 pregnant women was studied, with 48.19% diagnosed with HDP. This investigation primarily focused on Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) as indicators of cardiovascular health. A comparative examination was conducted to determine discrepancies in the ApoB and Lp(a) levels between standard pregnancies and those presenting with HDP. Results: Significant elevations in ApoB (p value = 0.0486) and Lp(a) (p value < 0.0001) levels were observed in pregnant women with HDP compared to their counterparts with typical pregnancies. The pronounced link between heightened ApoB and Lp(a) concentrations and HDP persisted, even considering pregnancy's distinct physiological conditions. Conclusions: Our research accentuates the crucial role of early detection and specialized handling of cardiovascular risks in expectant mothers, especially those predisposed to HDP. The study indicates ApoB and Lp(a)'s potential as reliable markers for gauging cardiovascular threats during gestation. Furthermore, our findings suggest an integrative care approach and guidance for pregnant women, aspiring to enhance cardiovascular health in the postpartum phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona-Alina Abu-Awwad
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (S.-A.A.-A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
- I Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Pius Brinzeu” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Marius Craina
- I Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Pius Brinzeu” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Laparoscopy, Laparoscopic Surgery and In Vitro Fertilization, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lioara Boscu
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (S.-A.A.-A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Elena Bernad
- I Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Pius Brinzeu” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Laparoscopy, Laparoscopic Surgery and In Vitro Fertilization, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Neuropsychology and Behavioral Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Paula Diana Ciordas
- Department IV—Discipline of Biochemistry, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (P.D.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Catalin Marian
- Department IV—Discipline of Biochemistry, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (P.D.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Mircea Iurciuc
- Department VI—Discipline of Outpatient Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Prevention and Recovery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Ahmed Abu-Awwad
- Department XV—Discipline of Orthopedics—Traumatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Center University Professor Doctor Teodor Șora, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Stela Iurciuc
- Department VI—Discipline of Outpatient Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Prevention and Recovery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Brenda Bernad
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (S.-A.A.-A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
- Center for Neuropsychology and Behavioral Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | | | - Anca Laura Maghiari
- Department I—Discipline of Anatomy and Embryology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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20
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Huang O, Wu D, Ji M. Early pregnancy exposure of maternal triglyceride levels and its effects on birth weight. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2023; 36:753-760. [PMID: 37434499 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2023-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the early pregnancy exposure of maternal triglyceride (mTG) and its effects on birth weight, which was an important indicator for nutritional status of newborns, and even its long-term health. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was designed to investigate the relationship between mTG in early pregnancy and birth weight. Totally 32,982 women who had a singleton pregnancy and underwent serum lipids screening during early pregnancy were included in this study. Logistic regressions were used to evaluate the correlations between mTG levels and small for gestational age (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA), and the restricted cubic spline models were applied to explore the dose-response relationship. RESULTS The increased mTG levels during early pregnancy decreased the risk of SGA and increased the risk of LGA. The high mTG (>90th, 2.05 mM) was showed associated with higher risk of LGA (AOR, 1.35; 95 %CI, 1.20 to 1.50), and lower risk of SGA (AOR, 0.78; 0.68 to 0.89). Lower risk of LGA (AOR, 0.81; 0.70 to 0.92) was found in those cases of low mTG (<10th, 0.81 mM), but no correlation was found between low mTG levels and the risk of SGA. The results remained robust after excluding women with high or low body mass index (BMI) and pregnancy complications. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that early pregnancy exposure of mTG were related to the occurrence of SGA and LGA. mTG levels higher than 2.05 mM (>90th) were suggested to be avoid because of its risk for LGA, while mTG lower than 0.81 mM (<10th) showed its benefits for ideal birthweight range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ou Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
- School of Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Min Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
- School of Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Herrera E, Ortega-Senovilla H. Dietary Implications of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids during Pregnancy and in Neonates. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1656. [PMID: 37629513 PMCID: PMC10455977 DOI: 10.3390/life13081656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain limitations exist for animals to modify fatty acid changes. Besides the role of arachidonic acid (AA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and other 20-carbon long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) for the synthesis of inflammatory mediators as eicosanoids, different LCPUFAs have many other effects, including their abilities to regulate gene expression and downstream events. LCPUFAs are susceptible to autoxidation, which is prevented by the action of antioxidants in the form of enzymes like superoxide dismutases, catalases and peroxidases, as well as antioxidant compounds that protect against oxidation or repair the damage caused. Under normal conditions, the fetus needs both essential fatty acids (EFAs) and LCPUFAs, which are obtained from its mother by placental transfer. In early pregnancy, dietary derived fatty acids are accumulated in maternal adipose tissue. However, during late pregnancy, corresponding to the period of the highest fetal growth, maternal adipose tissue becomes catabolic and LCPUFAs are released into the circulation by adipose lipolytic activity. The released LCPUFAs are taken up by maternal liver to be esterified and released back to the circulation as triacylglycerides (TAGs) in very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) that become available to the placenta to be transferred to the fetus in the form of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs). An enhanced adipose tissue lipolysis is maintained around parturition and esterified LCPUFAs are diverted to mammary glands thanks to an increased activity of lipoprotein lipase for milk production. Throughout this process, LCPUFAs become available to the newborn during suckling. The important role of both DHA and AA for the development of the nervous system and for growth has motivated their dietary supplement during different postnatal stages. This has been especially important in preterm infants both because under normal conditions, the fetus acquires most of these fatty acids during late pregnancy, and because the immaturity of the enzyme systems for the synthesis of AA and DHA from their respective EFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Herrera
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660 Madrid, Spain
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You Y, Hu H, Cao C, Han Y, Tang J, Zhao W. Association between the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a second analysis based on data from a prospective cohort study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1153072. [PMID: 37576966 PMCID: PMC10415043 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1153072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although there is strong evidence linking triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio to insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus, its clinical importance in pregnant women has not been well determined. This study sought to determine the connection between the TG/HDL-C ratio in the first trimester and the eventual onset of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods We performed a secondary analysis of open-access data from a prospective cohort study. This present study included 590 singleton pregnant women at 10-14 weeks who visited the outpatient clinics for prenatal checks and were recorded at Incheon Seoul Women's Hospital and Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center in Korea. A binary logistic regression model, a series of sensitivity analyses, and subgroup analysis were used to examine the relationship between TG/HDL-C ratio and incident GDM. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was also conducted to assess the ability of the TG/HDL-C ratio to predict GDM. Results The mean age of the included individuals was 32.06 ± 3.80 years old. The mean TG/HDL-C ratio was 1.96 ± 1.09. The incidence rate of GDM was 6.27%. After adjustment for potentially confounding variables, TG/HDL-C ratio was positively associated with incident GDM (OR=1.77, 95%CI: 1.32-2.38, P=0.0001). Sensitivity analyses and subgroup analysis demonstrated the validity of the relationship between the TG/HDL-C ratio and GDM. The TG/HDL-C ratio was a good predictor of GDM, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.7863 (95% CI: 0.7090-0.8637). The optimal TG/HDL-C ratio cut-off value for detecting GDM was 2.2684, with a sensitivity of 72.97% and specificity of 75.05%. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that the elevated TG/HDL-C ratio is related to incident GDM. The TG/HDL-C ratio at 10-14 weeks could help identify pregnant women at risk for GDM and may make it possible for them to receive early and effective treatment to improve their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun You
- Department of Obstetrics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Haofei Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Changchun Cao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Dapeng New District Nan’ao People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Weihua Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Liu HY, Lee CH, Hsu CN, Tain YL. Maternal High-Fat Diet Controls Offspring Kidney Health and Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:2698. [PMID: 37375602 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A balanced diet during gestation is critical for fetal development, and excessive intake of saturated fats during gestation and lactation is related to an increased risk of offspring kidney disease. Emerging evidence indicates that a maternal high-fat diet influences kidney health and disease of the offspring via so-called renal programming. This review summarizes preclinical research documenting the connection between a maternal high-fat diet during gestation and lactation and offspring kidney disease, as well as the molecular mechanisms behind renal programming, and early-life interventions to offset adverse programming processes. Animal models indicate that offspring kidney health can be improved via perinatal polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation, gut microbiota changes, and modulation of nutrient-sensing signals. These findings reinforce the significance of a balanced maternal diet for the kidney health of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Yun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hao Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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Shi P, Tang J, Yin X. Association between second- and third-trimester maternal lipid profiles and adverse perinatal outcomes among women with GDM and non-GDM: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:318. [PMID: 37147564 PMCID: PMC10161404 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid metabolism disorder during pregnancy has been reported in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, controversy remains regarding the relationship between maternal changes in lipid profiles and perinatal outcomes. This study investigated the association between maternal lipid levels and adverse perinatal outcomes in women with GDM and non-GDM. METHODS In total, 1632 pregnant women with GDM and 9067 women with non-GDM who delivered between 2011-2021 were enrolled in this study. Serum samples were assayed for fasting total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated via multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine the association of lipid levels with perinatal outcomes. RESULTS The serum TC, TG, LDL, and HDL levels in the third trimester were significantly higher than those in the second trimester (p < 0.001). Women with GDM had significantly higher levels of TC and TG in the second and third trimesters than those with non-GDM in the same trimesters, while HDL levels decreased in women with GDM (all p < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors by multivariate logistic regression, every mmol/L elevation in TG levels of women with GDM in second and third trimesters was associated with a higher risk of caesarean section (AOR = 1.241, 95% CI: 1.103-1.396, p < 0.001; AOR = 1.716, 95% CI: 1.556-1.921, p < 0.001), large for gestational age infants (LGA) (AOR = 1.419, 95% CI: 1.173-2.453, p = 0.001; AOR = 2.011, 95% CI: 1.673-2.735, p < 0.001), macrosomia (AOR = 1.220, 95% CI: 1.133-1.643, p = 0.005; AOR = 1.891, 95% CI: 1.322-2.519, p < 0.001), and neonatal unit admission (NUD; AOR = 1.781, 95% CI: 1.267-2.143, p < 0.001; AOR = 2.052, 95% CI: 1.811-2.432, p < 0.001) cesarean delivery (AOR = 1.423, 95% CI: 1.215-1.679, p < 0.001; AOR = 1.834, 95% CI: 1.453-2.019, p < 0.001), LGA (AOR = 1.593, 95% CI: 1.235-2.518, p = 0.004; AOR = 2.326, 95% CI: 1.728-2.914, p < 0.001), macrosomia (AOR = 1.346, 95% CI: 1.209-1.735, p = 0.006; AOR = 2.032, 95% CI: 1.503-2.627, p < 0.001), and neonatal unit admission (NUD) (AOR = 1.936, 95% CI: 1.453-2.546, p < 0.001; AOR = 1.993, 95% CI: 1.724-2.517, p < 0.001), which were higher than the relative risk of these perinatal outcomes in women with non-GDM. Additionally, every mmol/L increase in second and third-trimester HDL levels of women with GDM was associated with decreased risk of LGA(AOR = 0.421, 95% CI: 0.353-0.712, p = 0.007; AOR = 0.525, 95% CI: 0.319-0.832, p = 0.017) and NUD (AOR = 0.532, 95% CI: 0.327-0.773, p = 0.011; AOR = 0.319, 95% CI: 0.193-0.508, p < 0.001), and the risk reduction was not strong than that of women with GDM. CONCLUSIONS Among women with GDM, high maternal TG in the second and third trimesters was independently associated with an increased risk of cesarean section, LGA, macrosomia, and NUD. High maternal HDL during the second and third trimesters was significantly associated with decreased risk of LGA and NUD. These associations were stronger than those in women with non-GDM, suggesting the importance of monitoring second and third-trimester lipid profiles in improving clinical outcomes, especially in GDM pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Shi
- Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, No 2 Yongning North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, No 2 Yongning North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yin
- Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, No 2 Yongning North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Sagara R, Hirayama S, Ueno T, Hori A, Kobori Y, Kai T, Nishioka E, Matsukawa T, Makino S, Miida T. Lipoprotein lipase concentration in umbilical cord blood reflects neonatal birth weight. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 542:117275. [PMID: 36870522 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) is exacerbated during pregnancy via increases in insulin counterregulatory hormones. Maternal lipids are strong determinants of neonatal growth, although triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLs) cannot be transferred directly to the fetus through the placenta. The catabolism of TGRLs under physiological IR and the reduced synthesis of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) are poorly understood. We examined the association of maternal and umbilical cord blood (UCB)-LPL concentrations with maternal metabolic parameters and fetal development. METHODS Changes in anthropometric measures and lipid-, glucose-, and insulin-related parameters, including maternal and UCB-LPL concentrations, were examined in 69 women during pregnancy. The relationship between those parameters and neonatal birth weight was assessed. RESULTS Parameters reflecting glucose metabolism did not change during pregnancy, whereas those associated with lipid metabolism and IR changed markedly, particularly in the second and third trimesters. In the third trimester, the maternal LPL concentration gradually decreased, by 54%, whereas the UCB-LPL concentration was ∼2-fold higher than the maternal LPL concentration. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the UCB-LPL concentration was a significant determinant of neonatal birth weight, together with placental birth weight. CONCLUSION The LPL concentration in UCB reflects neonatal development under a decreased LPL concentration in maternal serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Sagara
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirayama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Health Care Center, Tokyo Gakugei University, Nukuikita 4-1-1, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Ueno
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hori
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Technology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medical Science, Hinode 6-8-1, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0013, Japan
| | - Yutaro Kobori
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Clinical Laboratory, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Shinsuna 3-3-20, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Takahito Kai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Emiko Nishioka
- Department of Maternal Nursing, Faculty of Health Science and Nursing, Juntendo University, Omiya-cho, 3-7-33, Mishima-shi, Shizuoka 411-8787, Japan
| | - Takehisa Matsukawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Forensic Science, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shintaro Makino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Tomioka 2-1-1, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takashi Miida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Technology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medical Science, Hinode 6-8-1, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0013, Japan
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Izar MCDO, Santos Filho RDD, Assad MHV, Chagas ACP, Toledo Júnior ADO, Nogueira ACC, Souto ACCF, Lottenberg AMP, Chacra APM, Ferreira CEDS, Lourenço CM, Valerio CM, Cintra DE, Fonseca FAH, Campana GA, Bianco HT, Lima JGD, Castelo MHCG, Scartezini M, Moretti MA, Barreto NSF, Maia RE, Montenegro Junior RM, Alves RJ, Figueiredo RMM, Fock RA, Martinez TLDR. Brazilian Position Statement for Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome - 2023. Arq Bras Cardiol 2023; 120:e20230203. [PMID: 37075362 PMCID: PMC10348387 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20230203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ana Maria Pitta Lottenberg
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM 10) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Ana Paula Marte Chacra
- Instituto do Coração (Incor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | - Cynthia Melissa Valerio
- Instituto Estadual de Diabetes e Endocrinologia Luiz Capriglione (IEDE-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Josivan Gomes de Lima
- Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN - Brasil
| | | | | | - Miguel Antonio Moretti
- Instituto do Coração (Incor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | - Renan Magalhães Montenegro Junior
- Complexo Hospitalar da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFCE), Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (EBSERH), Fortaleza, CE - Brasil
| | - Renato Jorge Alves
- Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Roberta Marcondes Machado Figueiredo
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein (FICSAE), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
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Orlova E, Loginova O, Shirshev S. Leptin regulates thymic plasmacytoid dendritic cell ability to influence the thymocyte distribution in vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109912. [PMID: 36857934 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Leptin, the adipocyte-derived hormone, involved in regulating food intake and body weight, plays an important role in immunity and reproduction. Leptin signals via the specific membrane receptors expressed in most types of immune cells including dendritic cells (DCs) and thymocytes. Leptin enhances thymopoiesis and modulates T-cell-mediated immunity. Thymic plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) are predominated in the thymus. They play an important role in thymocyte differentiation. We have analyzed whether leptin mediates its effects on human thymocytes by influencing on pDCs. We used leptin at concentration corresponding to its level during II-III trimesters of physiological pregnancy. We cultivated leptin-primed pDCs with autologous thymocytes and estimated the main thymocyte subsets expressing αβ chains of the T-cell receptor (αβTCR), natural regulatory T-cells (tTreg), natural T-helpers producing interleukin-17 (nTh17) and invariant natural killer T-cells (iNKT) in vitro. We have shown that leptin augmented CD86, CD276 expressions and depressed IL-10 productions by pDCs. Leptin-primed pDCs decreased the percentage of CD4+CD8+αβTCR+ thymocytes, increased CD4hiCD8-/loαβTCR+ cells. pDCs cultivated with leptin decreased the number of iNKT precursors, and did not change the number of tTreg and nTh17 precursors. Thus, leptin's important role in regulation of thymic pDC abilities to influence on the thymocyte distribution was indicated in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Orlova
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina str., 614015 Perm, Russia.
| | - Olga Loginova
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina str., 614015 Perm, Russia.
| | - Sergei Shirshev
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina str., 614015 Perm, Russia.
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Basak S, Duttaroy AK. Maternal PUFAs, Placental Epigenetics, and Their Relevance to Fetal Growth and Brain Development. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:408-427. [PMID: 35676498 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially omega-3 (n-3) and n-6 long-chain (LC) PUFAs, are indispensable for the fetus' brain supplied by the placenta. Despite being highly unsaturated, n-3 LCPUFA-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plays a protective role as an antioxidant in the brain. Deficiency of DHA during fetal development may cause irreversible damages in neurodevelopment programming. Dietary PUFAs can impact placental structure and functions by regulating early placentation processes, such as angiogenesis. They promote remodeling of uteroplacental architecture to facilitate increased blood flow and surface area for nutrient exchange. The placenta's fatty acid transfer depends on the uteroplacental vascular development, ensuring adequate maternal circulatory fatty acids transport to fulfill the fetus' rapid growth and development requirements. Maternal n-3 PUFA deficiency predominantly leads to placental epigenetic changes than other fetal developing organs. A global shift in DNA methylation possibly transmits epigenetic instability in developing fetuses due to n-3 PUFA deficiency. Thus, an optimal level of maternal omega-3 (n-3) PUFAs may protect the placenta's structural and functional integrity and allow fetal growth by controlling the aberrant placental epigenetic changes. This narrative review summarizes the recent advances and underpins the roles of maternal PUFAs on the structure and functions of the placenta and their relevance to fetal growth and brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Galvan-Martinez DH, Bosquez-Mendoza VM, Ruiz-Noa Y, Ibarra-Reynoso LDR, Barbosa-Sabanero G, Lazo-de-la-Vega-Monroy ML. Nutritional, pharmacological, and environmental programming of NAFLD in early life. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2023; 324:G99-G114. [PMID: 36472341 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00168.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main liver disease worldwide, and its prevalence in children and adolescents has been increasing in the past years. It has been demonstrated that parental exposure to different conditions, both preconceptionally and during pregnancy, can lead to fetal programming of several metabolic diseases, including NAFLD. In this article, we review some of the maternal and paternal conditions that may be involved in early-life programing of adult NAFLD. First, we describe the maternal nutritional factors that have been suggested to increase the risk of NAFLD in the offspring, such as an obesogenic diet, overweight/obesity, and altered lipogenesis. Second, we review the association of certain vitamin supplementation and the use of some drugs during pregnancy, for instance, glucocorticoids, with a higher risk of NAFLD. Furthermore, we discuss the evidence showing that maternal-fetal pathologies, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), insulin resistance (IR), and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), as well as the exposure to environmental contaminants, and the impact of microbiome changes, are important factors in early-life programming of NAFLD. Finally, we review how paternal preconceptional conditions, such as exercise and diet (particularly obesogenic diets), may impact fetal growth and liver function. Altogether, the presented evidence supports the hypothesis that both in utero exposure and parental conditions may influence fetal outcomes, including the development of NAFLD in early life and adulthood. The study of these conditions is crucial to better understand the diverse mechanisms involved in NAFLD, as well as for defining new preventive strategies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yeniley Ruiz-Noa
- Health Sciences Division, Medical Sciences Department, University of Guanajuato, Campus Leon, Mexico
| | | | - Gloria Barbosa-Sabanero
- Health Sciences Division, Medical Sciences Department, University of Guanajuato, Campus Leon, Mexico
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The ANGPTL3-4-8 Axis in Normal Gestation and in Gestational Diabetes, and Its Potential Involvement in Fetal Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032486. [PMID: 36768809 PMCID: PMC9917010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia in gestational diabetes has been associated with worse perinatal outcomes. The ANGPTL3-4-8 axis regulates lipid metabolism, especially in the transition from fasting to feeding. In this study, we evaluated the response of ANGPTL3, 4, and 8 after the intake of a mixed meal in women with normal glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes, and we assessed their gene expressions in different placental locations. Regarding the circulating levels of ANGPTL3, 4, and 8, we observed an absence of ANGPTL4 response after the intake of the meal in the GDM group compared to its presence in the control group. At the placental level, we observed a glucose tolerance-dependent expression pattern of ANGPTL3 between the two placental sides. When we compared the GDM pregnancies with the control pregnancies, a downregulation of the maternal side ANGPTL3 expression was observed. This suggests a dysregulation of the ANGPTL3-4-8 axis in GDM, both at the circulating level after ingestion and at the level of placental expression. Furthermore, we discerned that the expressions of ANGPTL3, 4, and 8 were related to birth weight and placental weight in the GDM group, but not in the control group, which suggests that they may play a role in regulating the transplacental passage of nutrients.
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Wu Y, Zeng Y, Zhang Q, Xiao X. The Role of Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency in Offspring Obesity: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030533. [PMID: 36771240 PMCID: PMC9919568 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, vitamin D (VD) deficiency during pregnancy is widespread globally, causing unfavorable pregnancy outcomes for both mothers and infants for a longer time than expected, based on the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory. As VD plays a key role in maintaining normal glucose and lipid metabolism, maternal VD deficiency may lead to obesity and other obesity-related diseases among offspring later in life. This review mainly focuses on the effect of maternal VD deficiency on offspring lipid metabolism, reviewing previous clinical and animal studies to determine the effects of maternal VD deficit on offspring obesity and potential mechanisms involved in the progression of offspring obesity. Emerging clinical evidence shows that a low VD level may lead to abnormal growth (either growth restriction or largeness for gestational age) and lipid and glucose metabolism disorders in offspring. Here, we also outline the link between maternal VD deficiency and life-long offspring effects, including the disorder of adipogenesis, the secretion of adipocytokines (including leptin, resistin, and adiponectin), activated systemic inflammation, increased oxidative reactions in adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and abnormal intestinal gut microbiota. Thus, there is an urgent need to take active steps to address maternal VD deficiency to relieve the global burden of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (X.X.); Tel./Fax: +86-10-69155073 (Q.Z. & X.X.)
| | - Xinhua Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, The Translational Medicine Center of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (X.X.); Tel./Fax: +86-10-69155073 (Q.Z. & X.X.)
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Sobik S, Sims CR, Crimmins M, Bimali M, Williams DK, Andres A. Associations Between Maternal Physical Activity, Maternal Lipid Levels, and Infant Anthropometric Outcomes at Two Weeks of Age. Matern Child Health J 2023; 27:168-177. [PMID: 36352287 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-022-03558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study determined the relationship between physical activity (PA), circulating lipids throughout pregnancy and infant anthropometric outcomes at birth and 2 weeks of age. METHODS Women (N = 234) with normal weight (NW, BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) and with overweight and class I obesity (OW/OB, BMI 25-35 kg/m2) were categorized into high and low PA based on average cohort steps during pregnancy (8099 steps/day). Circulating fasting lipids were measured at each trimester. Standardized methods were used to obtain anthropometrics measures. Infant body composition was estimated by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (EchoMRI-AH small; ECHO Medical Systems). RESULTS Women with NW who had higher activity had lower circulating triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels at 12 weeks compared to women with NW and low activity (p < 0.05). Women with OW/OB and high activity level throughout pregnancy had lower circulating TG, and low density lipoprotein (LDL), at 12 weeks, lower LDL at 24 weeks, and lower TG at 36 weeks compared to the women with OW/OB who had low activity levels (p < 0.05). For children born to women with OW/OB, maternal circulating TG and LDL were most associated with infant anthropometrics at 2 weeks of age. CONCLUSION This study supports that higher PA during pregnancy is associated with lower lipid levels throughout pregnancy with a greater effect size in women with OW/OB. Maternal lipids were associated with anthropometrics and infant body composition at two weeks of life in women with OW/OB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Sobik
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
| | - Clark R Sims
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Meghan Crimmins
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Milan Bimali
- Nexus Institute for Research and Innovation, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - D Keith Williams
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Aline Andres
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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Liu X, Chen L, Fei Z, Zhao SK, Zhu Y, Xia T, Dai J, Rahman ML, Wu J, Weir NL, Tsai MY, Zhang C. Physical activity and individual plasma phospholipid SFAs in pregnancy: a longitudinal study in a multiracial/multiethnic cohort in the United States. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:1729-1737. [PMID: 36373403 PMCID: PMC9761740 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating individual SFAs in pregnant females are critical for maternal and fetal health. However, research on identifying their modifiable factors is limited. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the associations of total physical activity (PA) and types of PA with circulating individual SFAs during pregnancy in a multiracial/multiethnic cohort of pregnant females in the United States. METHODS The study included participants in a nested case-control study (n = 321) from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD Fetal Growth Studies-Singleton Cohort. Sampling weights were applied, so the results represented the entire Fetal Growth Cohort. Plasma phospholipid SFAs were measured at 4 visits [10-14 (visit 1), 15-26 (visit 2), 23-31 (visit 3), and 33-39 (visit 4) weeks of gestation] throughout pregnancy. PA of the previous year at visit 1 and since the previous visit at the subsequent visits was assessed using the validated Pregnancy PA Questionnaire. Time-specific and longitudinal associations were examined using multivariable linear and generalized estimating equation models. RESULTS Total PA (metabolic equivalent of task-h/wk) was positively associated with circulating heptadecanoic acid (17:0) at visit 1 (β × 103: 0.07; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.11) and pentadecanoic acid (15:0) at visit 3 (β × 103: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.14) independent of sociodemographic, reproductive, pregnancy, and dietary factors. Across the 4 visits, the positive associations with total PA were consistent for pentadecanoic acid (β × 103: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.10) and heptadecanoic acid (β × 103: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.14). Out of the 4 PA types (i.e., sports/exercise, household/caregiving, transportation, and occupational PA) considered, the magnitude of positive associations was the largest for sports/exercise PA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that maternal PA is positively associated with circulating pentadecanoic and heptadecanoic acids. The findings warrant confirmation by future studies.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00912132.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhe Fei
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sifang K Zhao
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yeyi Zhu
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Tong Xia
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jin Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad L Rahman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jing Wu
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Natalie L Weir
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Cuilin Zhang
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Global Center for Asian Women's Health, Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity & Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Mishra A, Ruano SH, Saha PK, Pennington KA. A novel model of gestational diabetes: Acute high fat high sugar diet results in insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction during pregnancy in mice. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279041. [PMID: 36520818 PMCID: PMC9754171 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects 7-18% of all pregnancies. Despite its high prevalence, there is no widely accepted animal model. To address this, we recently developed a mouse model of GDM. The goal of this work was to further characterize this animal model by assessing insulin resistance and beta cell function. Mice were randomly assigned to either control (CD) or high fat, high sugar (HFHS) diet and mated 1 week later. At day 0 (day of mating) mice were fasted and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance tests (ipITT) were performed. Mice were then euthanized and pancreata were collected for histological analysis. Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp experiments were performed on day 13.5 of pregnancy to assess insulin resistance. Beta cell function was assessed by glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) assay performed on day 0, 13.5 and 17.5 of pregnancy. At day 0, insulin tolerance and beta cell numbers were not different. At day 13.5, glucose infusion and disposal rates were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in Pregnant (P) HFHS animals (p<0.05) suggesting development of insulin resistance in P HFHS dams. Placental and fetal glucose uptake was significantly increased (p<0.01) in P HFHS dams at day 13.5 of pregnancy and by day 17.5 of pregnancy fetal weights were increased (p<0.05) in P HFHS dams compared to P CD dams. Basal and secreted insulin levels were increased in HFHS fed females at day 0, however at day 13.5 and 17.5 GSIS was decreased (p<0.05) in P HFHS dams. In conclusion, this animal model results in insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction by mid-pregnancy further validating its relevance in studying the pathophysiology GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akansha Mishra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Simone Hernandez Ruano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Pradip K. Saha
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kathleen A. Pennington
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zabel RR, Favaro RR, Groten T, Brownbill P, Jones S. Ex vivo perfusion of the human placenta to investigate pregnancy pathologies. Placenta 2022; 130:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Polsky S, Foster NC, DuBose SN, Agarwal S, Lyons S, Peters AL, Uwaifo GI, DiMeglio LA, Sherr JL, Levy CJ. Incident diabetes complications among women with type 1 diabetes based on parity. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022; 35:4629-4634. [PMID: 33280471 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1858278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess risk factors and incidence of diabetes complications in women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) based on parity. RESEARCH DESIGN/METHODS Data were collected from women (16-40 years old) in the T1D Exchange completing pregnancy/childbirth questionnaires during 2011-2013 and 2016-2018. Incidence of risk factors and diabetes complications were compared between women with a first pregnancy at/within 1-year of enrollment (n = 28) and never pregnant women by year 5 (n = 469). RESULTS There was a trend for lower HbA1c (adjusted p = .14) and higher rates of overweight/obesity, triglyceride/HDL > 2, log (triglyercide/HDL), and hypertension among parous women compared with nulliparous women. There were no significant differences in rates of advanced nephropathy, albuminuria or cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS Four-5 years after delivery, parous women with T1D tended to have lower HbA1c levels despite higher body mass indices and more frequent adverse lipid profiles and hypertension compared with nulliparous women. Further studies based on these trends are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Polsky
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sarah Lyons
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anne L Peters
- Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Carol J Levy
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Maternal Obesity and Gut Microbiota Are Associated with Fetal Brain Development. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214515. [PMID: 36364776 PMCID: PMC9654759 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity in pregnancy induces metabolic syndrome, low-grade inflammation, altered endocrine factors, placental function, and the maternal gut microbiome. All these factors impact fetal growth and development, including brain development. The lipid metabolic transporters of the maternal-fetal-placental unit are dysregulated in obesity. Consequently, the transport of essential long-chain PUFAs for fetal brain development is disturbed. The mother’s gut microbiota is vital in maintaining postnatal energy homeostasis and maternal-fetal immune competence. Obesity during pregnancy changes the gut microbiota, affecting fetal brain development. Obesity in pregnancy can induce placental and intrauterine inflammation and thus influence the neurodevelopmental outcomes of the offspring. Several epidemiological studies observed an association between maternal obesity and adverse neurodevelopment. This review discusses the effects of maternal obesity and gut microbiota on fetal neurodevelopment outcomes. In addition, the possible mechanisms of the impacts of obesity and gut microbiota on fetal brain development are discussed.
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Diagnosing Arterial Stiffness in Pregnancy and Its Implications in the Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Chain. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12092221. [PMID: 36140621 PMCID: PMC9497660 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardio-renal and metabolic modifications during gestation are crucial determinants of foetal and maternal health in the short and long term. The cardio-renal metabolic syndrome is a vicious circle that starts in the presence of risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease and ageing, all predisposing to a status dominated by increased arterial stiffness and alteration of the vascular wall, which eventually damages the target organs, such as the heart and kidneys. The literature is scarce regarding cardio-renal metabolic syndrome in pregnancy cohorts. The present paper exposes the current state of the art and emphasises the most important findings of this entity, particularly in pregnant women. The early assessment of arterial function can lead to proper and individualised measures for women predisposed to hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and diabetes mellitus. This review focuses on available information regarding the assessment of arterial function during gestation, possible cut-off values, the possible predictive role for future events and modalities to reverse or control its dysfunction, a fact of crucial importance with excellent outcomes at meagre costs.
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Watkins OC, Selvam P, Pillai RA, Cracknell-Hazra VKB, Yong HEJ, Sharma N, Cazenave-Gassiot A, Bendt AK, Godfrey KM, Lewis RM, Wenk MR, Chan SY. Myo-inositol moderates maternal BMI and glycemia related variations in in-vitro placental 13C-DHA-metabolism, altering their relationships with birthweight. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14895. [PMID: 36050341 PMCID: PMC9437079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18309-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplacental docosahexaenoic-acid (DHA) supply for fetal development is regulated by placental DHA-lipid metabolism. Both maternal diabetes and obesity are linked to possible decreased fetal circulating DHA and increased placental DHA-lipids. Since myo-inositol is a promising intervention for gestational diabetes (GDM), we aimed to determine whether myo-inositol could rectify perturbations in placental DHA metabolism associated with maternal increasing glycemia and obesity and examine links with birthweight. Term placental villous explants from 17 women representing a range of BMIs and mid-gestational glycemia, were incubated with 13C-labeled-DHA for 48 h, in 0.3 µmol/L (control) or 60 µmol/L myo-inositol. Individual newly synthesized 13C-DHA-labeled lipid species were quantified by liquid-chromatography-mass-spectrometry. Compared with controls, incubation with myo-inositol decreased most 13C-DHA-lipids in placental explants from women with higher BMI or higher glycemia, but increased 13C-DHA-lipids with normal BMI or lower glycemia. Myo-inositol also increased 13C-DHA-labeled lipids in cases of lower birthweight centile, but induced decreases at higher centiles. Myo-inositol therefore lowered DHA-lipids in placenta with high basal placental DHA-lipid production (higher BMI and glycemia) but increased DHA-lipids where basal processing capacity is low. Myo-inositol thus moderates placental DHA metabolism towards a physiological mean which may in turn moderate birthweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver C Watkins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Preben Selvam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Reshma Appukuttan Pillai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Victoria K B Cracknell-Hazra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hannah E J Yong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anne K Bendt
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Rohan M Lewis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. .,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
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Wu L, Wu Q, Li Q, Cao S, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Qin X. Consecutive reference intervals for biochemical indices related to serum lipid levels and renal function during normal pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:642. [PMID: 35971117 PMCID: PMC9377122 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04960-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physiological changes that occur during pregnancy can influence serum lipid levels and laboratory tests for renal function. Therefore, we established consecutive and reliable RIs for serum lipid and renal function indices for pregnant women in China throughout the entirety of pregnancy. Methods We included 120 healthy pregnant women who underwent a naturally conceived and uncomplicated pregnancy and delivered a healthy singleton neonate. Serum samples were collected at ten time points (pre-pregnancy, gestational age ≤ 8 weeks (W), 8 W+1 to 12 W, 12 W+1 to 16 W, 16 W+1 to 20 W, 20 W+1 to 24 W, 24 W+1 to 28 W, 28 W+1 to 32 W, 32 W+1 to 36 W, and 36 W+1 to 40 W) and analyzed for ten common serum lipid and renal function analytes. RIs were calculated according to the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine recommendations and compared with the established RIs for healthy adult women. Results During pregnancy, we observed significant increases in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein-A1 (Apo-A1), apolipoprotein-B (Apo-B), cystatin C (Cys-C), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We also observed clear reductions in urea, creatinine (Crea), and uric acid (UA). Compared with the previously established RIs, the most significant misclassifications were recorded for TG, Apo-A1, Crea, and eGFR. Conclusions We successfully described key changes in serum lipid levels and renal function indices throughout pregnancy. It is important to establish RIs for blood indices in women undergoing normal pregnancies during different period of pregnancy to avoid the misdiagnosis of disease states. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-022-04960-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Qijun Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China. .,Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China.
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Maternal Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Levels Decrease during Early Pregnancy in Normotensive Pregnant Women but Are Higher in Preeclamptic Women-A Longitudinal Study. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142251. [PMID: 35883694 PMCID: PMC9322099 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) is an endocrine factor involved in glucose and lipid metabolism that exerts pleiotropic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum FGF-21 profile in healthy and mild preeclamptic pregnant women at each trimester of pregnancy; (2) Methods: Serum FGF-21 levels were determined by ELISA in a nested case-control study within a longitudinal cohort study that included healthy (n = 54) and mild preeclamptic (n = 20) pregnant women, women at three months after delivery (n = 20) and eumenorrheic women during the menstrual cycle (n = 20); (3) Results: FGF-21 levels were significantly lower in the mid-luteal phase compared to the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle in eumenorrheic women (p < 0.01). Maternal levels of FGF-21 were significantly lower in the first and second trimesters and peaked during the third trimester in healthy pregnant women (p < 0.01). Serum levels of FGF-21 in healthy pregnant were significantly lower in the first and second trimester of pregnancy compared with the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and postpartum (p < 0.01). Serum FGF-21 levels were significantly higher in preeclamptic compared to healthy pregnant women during pregnancy (p < 0.01); (4) Conclusions: These results suggest that a peak of FGF-21 towards the end of pregnancy in healthy pregnancy and higher levels in preeclamptic women might play a critical role that contributes to protecting against the negatives effects of high concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and hypertensive disorder. Furthermore, FGF-21 might play an important role in reproductive function in healthy eumenorrheic women during the menstrual cycle.
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Liu Y, Xia YY, Zhang T, Yang Y, Cannon RD, Mansell T, Novakovic B, Saffery R, Han TL, Zhang H, Baker PN. Complex Interactions Between Circulating Fatty Acid Levels, Desaturase Activities, and the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:919357. [PMID: 35898714 PMCID: PMC9313599 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.919357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveMaternal abnormal fatty acid desaturation has previously been linked to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, few studies have investigated this relationship longitudinally throughout pregnancy. In this study, we investigated the relationship between GDM and desaturase activities across the pregnancy trimesters.MethodsA total of 661 women (GDM = 189, non-GDM = 472) were selected from the Complex Lipids in Mothers and Babies (CLIMB) cohort study. Clinical information and maternal serum were collected at 11–14, 22–28, and 32–34 weeks of gestation. Totally, 20 serum fatty acids were quantified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis at each timepoint. Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) product-to-precursor ratios were used to estimate desaturase and elongase activities including delta-5 desaturase, delta-6 desaturase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and elongase.ResultsAfter adjusting for major potential confounders including maternal age, BMI, primiparity, smoking, and alcohol consumption, we observed a significant increase in the levels of γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and eicosatrienoic acid (DGLA) in the first trimester of women with GDM, whereas GLA and DGLA were reduced in the third trimester, when compared to the non-GDM group. Arachidonic acid (AA) showed an upward trend in the GDM group throughout pregnancy. Estimated delta-6 desaturase and delta-5 desaturase activity were elevated in the first trimester (OR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.03–1.91; OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.32–0.96) but attenuated in the third trimester (OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.58–1.07; OR = 2.64, 95% CI 1.46–4.78) in GDM pregnancies, respective to controls. Estimated delta-9–18 desaturase activity (OR = 3.70, 95% CI 1.49–9.19) was increased in women with GDM in later pregnancy.ConclusionsOur study highlights the potential importance of fatty acid desaturase activities, particularly estimated delta-5 desaturase and delta-9–18 desaturase in the pathophysiology of GDM. These findings may have applications for the early diagnosis and management of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Mass Spectrometry Center of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yin-Yin Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Mass Spectrometry Center of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Mass Spectrometry Center of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Richard D. Cannon
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Toby Mansell
- Molecular Immunity, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Boris Novakovic
- Molecular Immunity, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Molecular Immunity, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ting-Li Han
- Mass Spectrometry Center of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ting-Li Han
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Mass Spectrometry Center of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Zhang
| | - Philip N. Baker
- College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
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Abdel-Hamid TA, AbdelLatif D, Ahmed E, Abdel-Rasheed M, A-Mageed A. Relation between Maternal and Neonatal Serum Lipid Profile and Their Impact on Birth Weight. Am J Perinatol 2022; 39:1112-1116. [PMID: 33321526 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal malnutrition with disturbed lipid metabolism during pregnancy may affect the fetal lipid profile. We aimed to detect the relation between maternal and neonatal serum lipid profile, as well as to detect the serum lipid profile difference between small for gestational age (SGA) infants and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants to disclose the impact of maternal malnutrition on birth weight. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 pregnant women coming to the labor room. Before delivery, maternal serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TGs), and total cholesterol were assessed, then after delivery, cord blood samples were taken for assessment of the neonatal lipid profile. Birth weights were measured, then the neonates were divided into SGA and AGA groups. RESULTS Serum levels of LDL, TGs, and total cholesterol in the SGA infants were lower than that in the AGA infants. A positive correlation between maternal and neonatal serum TGs levels was found. Besides, there was a positive correlation between birth weight and maternal serum levels of LDL, TGs, and total cholesterol. CONCLUSION Maternal serum lipid profile could be an indicator of the neonatal serum lipid profile and birth weight. KEY POINTS · SGA neonates have lower levels of serum lipids compared to AGA neonates.. · There is a positive correlation between maternal and neonatal triglycerides.. · There is a positive correlation between birth weight and maternal serum lipids..
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dalia AbdelLatif
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Ahmed
- Pediatrics Department, Alhayat Hospital, Alhayat, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed A-Mageed
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Effects of Backfat Thickness on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation of Placenta in Large White Pigs. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9060302. [PMID: 35737354 PMCID: PMC9230826 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9060302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the backfat thickness of sows on reproductive performance and on lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation. At farrowing, 60 sows were assigned to three groups: the low-backfat-thickness group (LBF, n = 20): sows’ backfat thickness was between 9 and 12 mm; the medium-backfat-thickness group (MBF, n = 20): sows’ backfat thickness was between 13 and 20 mm; and the high-backfat-thickness group (HBF, n = 20): sows’ backfat thickness was between 21 and 25 mm. Maternal and fetal blood and placental samples were collected. Compared with the LBF and HBF groups, the MBF group delivered a significantly greater number of live piglets than the LBF or HBF groups. The different backfat thicknesses of sows had different effects on the lipid-related hormones and adipokines of maternal and fetal serum and placenta. Sows with poor or excessive backfat displayed higher levels of oxidative stress and higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. According to these data, the thickness of a sow’s backfat affects the characteristics of farrowing piglets and their lipid metabolism, as well as placental inflammation, maternal inflammation, and oxidative stress. A moderate backfat thickness (between 13 and 20 mm) was associated with greater reproductive performance in sows.
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Barry CJS, Lawlor DA, Shapland CY, Sanderson E, Borges MC. Using Mendelian Randomisation to Prioritise Candidate Maternal Metabolic Traits Influencing Offspring Birthweight. Metabolites 2022; 12:537. [PMID: 35736469 PMCID: PMC9231269 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Marked physiological changes in pregnancy are essential to support foetal growth; however, evidence on the role of specific maternal metabolic traits from human studies is limited. We integrated Mendelian randomisation (MR) and metabolomics data to probe the effect of 46 maternal metabolic traits on offspring birthweight (N = 210,267). We implemented univariable two-sample MR (UVMR) to identify candidate metabolic traits affecting offspring birthweight. We then applied two-sample multivariable MR (MVMR) to jointly estimate the potential direct causal effect for each candidate maternal metabolic trait. In the main analyses, UVMR indicated that higher maternal glucose was related to higher offspring birthweight (0.328 SD difference in mean birthweight per 1 SD difference in glucose (95% CI: 0.104, 0.414)), as were maternal glutamine (0.089 (95% CI: 0.033, 0.144)) and alanine (0.137 (95% CI: 0.036, 0.239)). In additional analyses, UVMR estimates were broadly consistent when selecting instruments from an independent data source, albeit imprecise for glutamine and alanine, and were attenuated for alanine when using other UVMR methods. MVMR results supported independent effects of these metabolites, with effect estimates consistent with those seen with the UVMR results. Among the remaining 43 metabolic traits, UVMR estimates indicated a null effect for most lipid-related traits and a high degree of uncertainty for other amino acids and ketone bodies. Our findings suggest that maternal gestational glucose and glutamine are causally related to offspring birthweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciarrah-Jane Shannon Barry
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (D.A.L.); (C.Y.S.); (E.S.); (M.C.B.)
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Deborah A. Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (D.A.L.); (C.Y.S.); (E.S.); (M.C.B.)
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Chin Yang Shapland
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (D.A.L.); (C.Y.S.); (E.S.); (M.C.B.)
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Eleanor Sanderson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (D.A.L.); (C.Y.S.); (E.S.); (M.C.B.)
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Maria Carolina Borges
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (D.A.L.); (C.Y.S.); (E.S.); (M.C.B.)
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
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Satué K, Fazio E, Muñoz A, Medica P. Successful Pregnancy Outcome in Mares: The Potential Role of Body Conditional Score, Age and Biochemical Parameter's Adjustments. J Equine Vet Sci 2022; 115:104023. [PMID: 35643379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this research was to evaluate the changes in body condition score (BCS), age and the main biochemical parameters in pregnant Spanish Purebred mares. A total of 45 pregnant Spanish broodmares has been studied, classified in three different groups: group A (n = 15), aging 14-18 years old and BCS lower than 4 of 10, group B (n = 15), with ages of 4 to 8 years and a BCS of 5-6/10, and group C (n = 15), aging between 6 and 11 years and a BCS of 8 of 10. Three pregnancy periods were considered: the 1st period, from the 1st to the 3rd, the 2nd from the 4th to the 6th, and the last period, from the 7th month of pregnancy to delivery. Blood samples were taken every month along the pregnancy. The following plasma biochemical parameters were measured: triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, total, direct and indirect bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, γ-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, total plasma proteins, albumin, glucose, urea and creatinine. Pregnancy in the Spanish broodmare induced hyperlipidemia with hypertriglyceridemia and increased plasma concentrations of total, direct and indirect bilirubin (P < .05). Older pregnant mares showed biochemical changes probably consistent with decreased organ functionality (P < .05). Obesity did not influence lipidic metabolism during pregnancy (P > .05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiuska Satué
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, CEU-Cardenal Herrera University, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Esterina Fazio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology Unit, Messina University, Messina, Italy
| | - Ana Muñoz
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pietro Medica
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology Unit, Messina University, Messina, Italy
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Shao X, Yu W, Yang Y, Wang F, Yu X, Wu H, Ma Y, Cao B, Wang YL. The mystery of the life tree: the placenta. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:301-316. [PMID: 35552600 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta is the interface between the fetal and maternal environments during mammalian gestation, critically safeguarding the health of the developing fetus and the mother. Placental trophoblasts origin from embryonic trophectoderm that differentiates into various trophoblastic subtypes through villous and extravillous pathways. The trophoblasts actively interact with multiple decidual cells and immune cells at the maternal-fetal interface and thus construct fundamental functional units, which are responsible for blood perfusion, maternal-fetal material exchange, placental endocrine, immune tolerance, and adequate defense barrier against pathogen infection. Various pregnant complications are tightly associated with the defects in placental development and function maintenance. In this review, we summarize the current views and our recent progress on the mechanisms underlying the formation of placental functional units, the interactions among trophoblasts and various uterine cells, as well as the placental barrier against pathogen infections during pregnancy. The involvement of placental dysregulation in adverse pregnancy outcomes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhe Yu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yeling Ma
- Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Bin Cao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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48
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Chen SY, Schenkel FS, Melo ALP, Oliveira HR, Pedrosa VB, Araujo AC, Melka MG, Brito LF. Identifying pleiotropic variants and candidate genes for fertility and reproduction traits in Holstein cattle via association studies based on imputed whole-genome sequence genotypes. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:331. [PMID: 35484513 PMCID: PMC9052698 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic progress for fertility and reproduction traits in dairy cattle has been limited due to the low heritability of most indicator traits. Moreover, most of the quantitative trait loci (QTL) and candidate genes associated with these traits remain unknown. In this study, we used 5.6 million imputed DNA sequence variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 18 fertility and reproduction traits in Holstein cattle. Aiming to identify pleiotropic variants and increase detection power, multiple-trait analyses were performed using a method to efficiently combine the estimated SNP effects of single-trait GWAS based on a chi-square statistic. Results There were 87, 72, and 84 significant SNPs identified for heifer, cow, and sire traits, respectively, which showed a wide and distinct distribution across the genome, suggesting that they have relatively distinct polygenic nature. The biological functions of immune response and fatty acid metabolism were significantly enriched for the 184 and 124 positional candidate genes identified for heifer and cow traits, respectively. No known biological function was significantly enriched for the 147 positional candidate genes found for sire traits. The most important chromosomes that had three or more significant QTL identified are BTA22 and BTA23 for heifer traits, BTA8 and BTA17 for cow traits, and BTA4, BTA7, BTA17, BTA22, BTA25, and BTA28 for sire traits. Several novel and biologically important positional candidate genes were strongly suggested for heifer (SOD2, WTAP, DLEC1, PFKFB4, TRIM27, HECW1, DNAH17, and ADAM3A), cow (ANXA1, PCSK5, SPESP1, and JMJD1C), and sire (ELMO1, CFAP70, SOX30, DGCR8, SEPTIN14, PAPOLB, JMJD1C, and NELL2) traits. Conclusions These findings contribute to better understand the underlying biological mechanisms of fertility and reproduction traits measured in heifers, cows, and sires, which may contribute to improve genomic evaluation for these traits in dairy cattle. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08555-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yi Chen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 270 S. Russell Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2041, USA.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Flavio S Schenkel
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Ana L P Melo
- Department of Reproduction and Animal Evaluation, Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Hinayah R Oliveira
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 270 S. Russell Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2041, USA.,Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Victor B Pedrosa
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 270 S. Russell Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2041, USA.,Department of Animal Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Andre C Araujo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 270 S. Russell Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2041, USA
| | - Melkaye G Melka
- Department of Animal and Food Science, University of Wisconsin River Falls, River Falls, WI, 54022, USA
| | - Luiz F Brito
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 270 S. Russell Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2041, USA. .,Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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49
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Kim C, Ashrap P, Watkins DJ, Mukherjee B, Rosario-Pabón ZY, Vélez-Vega CM, Alshawabkeh AN, Cordero JF, Meeker JD. Maternal Metals/Metalloid Blood Levels Are Associated With Lipidomic Profiles Among Pregnant Women in Puerto Rico. Front Public Health 2022; 9:754706. [PMID: 35096734 PMCID: PMC8790322 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.754706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim: The association between heavy metal exposure and adverse birth outcomes is well-established. However, there is a paucity of research identifying biomarker profiles that may improve the early detection of heavy metal-induced adverse birth outcomes. Because lipids are abundant in our body and associated with important signaling pathways, we assessed associations between maternal metals/metalloid blood levels with lipidomic profiles among 83 pregnant women in the Puerto Rico PROTECT birth cohort. Methods: We measured 10 metals/metalloid blood levels during 24–28 weeks of pregnancy. Prenatal plasma lipidomic profiles were identified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics. We derived sums for each lipid class and sums for each lipid sub-class (saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated), which were then regressed on metals/metalloid. False discovery rate (FDR) adjusted p-values (q-values) were used to account for multiple comparisons. Results: A total of 587 unique lipids from 19 lipid classes were profiled. When controlling for multiple comparisons, we observed that maternal exposure to manganese and zinc were negatively associated with plasmenyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (PLPE), particularly those containing polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) chains. In contrast to manganese and zinc, arsenic and mercury were positively associated with PLPE and plasmenyl-phosphatidylcholine (PLPC). Conclusion: Certain metals were significantly associated with lipids that are responsible for the biophysical properties of the cell membrane and antioxidant defense in lipid peroxidation. This study highlighted lipid-metal associations and we anticipate that this study will open up new avenues for developing diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Pahriya Ashrap
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Deborah J Watkins
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Zaira Y Rosario-Pabón
- University of Puerto Rico Graduate School of Public Health, UPR Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Carmen M Vélez-Vega
- University of Puerto Rico Graduate School of Public Health, UPR Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Akram N Alshawabkeh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - José F Cordero
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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50
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Rastogi S, Rastogi D. The Epidemiology and Mechanisms of Lifetime Cardiopulmonary Morbidities Associated With Pre-Pregnancy Obesity and Excessive Gestational Weight Gain. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:844905. [PMID: 35391836 PMCID: PMC8980933 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.844905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has reached pandemic proportions in the last few decades. The global increase in obesity has contributed to an increase in the number of pregnant women with pre-pregnancy obesity or with excessive gestational weight gain. Obesity during pregnancy is associated with higher incidence of maternal co-morbidities such as gestational diabetes and hypertension. Both obesity during pregnancy and its associated complications are not only associated with immediate adverse outcomes for the mother and their newborns during the perinatal period but, more importantly, are linked with long-term morbidities in the offsprings. Neonates born to women with obesity are at higher risk for cardiac complications including cardiac malformations, and non-structural cardiac issues such as changes in the microvasculature, e.g., elevated systolic blood pressure, and overt systemic hypertension. Pulmonary diseases associated with maternal obesity include respiratory distress syndrome, asthma during childhood and adolescence, and adulthood diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Sequelae of short-term complications compound long-term outcomes such as long-term obesity, hypertension later in life, and metabolic complications including insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to explain these adverse outcomes and are related to the emerging knowledge of pathophysiology of obesity in adults. The best investigated ones include the role of obesity-mediated metabolic alterations and systemic inflammation. There is emerging evidence linking metabolic and immune derangements to altered biome, and alteration in epigenetics as one of the intermediary mechanisms underlying the adverse outcomes. These are initiated as part of fetal adaptation to obesity during pregnancy which are compounded by rapid weight gain during infancy and early childhood, a known complication of obesity during pregnancy. This newer evidence points toward the role of specific nutrients and changes in biome that may potentially modify the adverse outcomes observed in the offsprings of women with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Rastogi
- Division of Neonatology, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Deepa Rastogi
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
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