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Lheureux A, David V, Del Amo Y, Soudant D, Auby I, Bozec Y, Conan P, Ganthy F, Grégori G, Lefebvre A, Leynart A, Rimmelin-Maury P, Souchu P, Vantrepote V, Blondel C, Cariou T, Crispi O, Cordier MA, Crouvoisier M, Duquesne V, Ferreira S, Garcia N, Gouriou L, Grosteffan E, Le Merrer Y, Meteigner C, Retho M, Tournaire MP, Savoye N. Trajectories of nutrients concentrations and ratios in the French coastal ecosystems: 20 years of changes in relation with large-scale and local drivers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159619. [PMID: 36280086 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Along with their important diversity, coastal ecosystems receive various amounts of nutrients, principally arising from the continent and from the related human activities (mainly industrial and agricultural activities). During the 20th century, nutrients loads have increased following the increase of both the global population and need of services. Alongside, climate change including temperature increase or atmospheric circulation change has occurred. These processes, Ecosystem state changes are hard to monitor and predict. To study the long-term changes of nutrients concentrations in coastal ecosystems, eleven French coastal ecosystems were studied over 20 years as they encompass large climatic and land pressures, representative of temperate ecosystems, over a rather small geographical area. Both univariate (time series decomposition) and multivariate (relationships between ecosystems and drivers) statistical analyses were used to determine ecosystem trajectories as well as typologies of ecosystem trajectories. It appeared that most of the French coastal ecosystems exhibited trajectories towards a decrease in nutrients concentrations. Differences in trajectories mainly depended on continental and human influences, as well as on climatic regimes. One single ecosystem exhibited very different trajectories, the Arcachon Bay with an increase in nutrients concentrations. Ecosystem trajectories based on ordination techniques were proven to be useful tools to monitor ecosystem changes. This study highlighted the importance of local environments and the need to couple uni- and multi-ecosystem studies. Although the studied ecosystems were influenced by both local and large-scale climate, by anthropogenic activities loads, and that their trajectories were mostly similar based on their continental influence, non-negligible variations resulted from their internal functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Lheureux
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS, UMR 5805, Environnement Paléoenvironnement Océaniques et Côtiers (EPOC), 2 Rue du Professeur Jolyet, 33120 Arcachon, France.
| | - Valérie David
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS, UMR 5805, Environnement Paléoenvironnement Océaniques et Côtiers (EPOC), 2 Rue du Professeur Jolyet, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Yolanda Del Amo
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS, UMR 5805, Environnement Paléoenvironnement Océaniques et Côtiers (EPOC), 2 Rue du Professeur Jolyet, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Dominique Soudant
- Ifremer Nantes, Valorisation de l'Information pour la Gestion Intégrée Et la Surveillance (VIGIES), 44311 Cedex 03, Rue de l'Île d'Yeu, 44980 Nantes, France
| | - Isabelle Auby
- Ifremer, LER AR 1 Quai du Commandant Silhouette, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Yann Bozec
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7144 AD2M, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Pascal Conan
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, CNRS, UMR7621 LOMIC, Observatoire Océanologique, F-66650 Banyuls sur Mer, France
| | - Florian Ganthy
- Ifremer, LER AR 1 Quai du Commandant Silhouette, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Gérald Grégori
- Aix-Marseille Université, Univ. de Toulon, CNRS, INSU, IRD, UM 110 MIO, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Alain Lefebvre
- Ifremer, Unité Littoral, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources, 150 Quai Gambetta, 62320 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Aude Leynart
- IUEM-UAR 3113, rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | | | - Philippe Souchu
- Ifremer, LER MPL Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Cedex 03, Nantes, France
| | - Vincent Vantrepote
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8187 LOG, F-62930 Wimereux, France
| | - Camille Blondel
- Ifremer, Unité Littoral, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources, 150 Quai Gambetta, 62320 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Thierry Cariou
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7144 AD2M, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France; IRD, UAR191, Instrumentation, Moyens Analytiques, Observatoires en Géophysique et Océanographie (IMAGO), Technopôle de Brest-Iroise, Plouzané, France
| | - Olivier Crispi
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, CNRS, UMR7621 LOMIC, Observatoire Océanologique, F-66650 Banyuls sur Mer, France
| | - Marie-Ange Cordier
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS, UMR 5805, Environnement Paléoenvironnement Océaniques et Côtiers (EPOC), 2 Rue du Professeur Jolyet, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Muriel Crouvoisier
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8187 LOG, F-62930 Wimereux, France
| | - Vincent Duquesne
- Ifremer, Unité Littoral, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources, 150 Quai Gambetta, 62320 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Sophie Ferreira
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS, UMR 5805, Environnement Paléoenvironnement Océaniques et Côtiers (EPOC), 2 Rue du Professeur Jolyet, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Nicole Garcia
- Aix-Marseille Université, Univ. de Toulon, CNRS, INSU, IRD, UM 110 MIO, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Laure Gouriou
- Ifremer, LER AR 1 Quai du Commandant Silhouette, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | | | - Yoann Le Merrer
- Ifremer, LER MPL Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Cedex 03, Nantes, France
| | - Claire Meteigner
- Ifremer, LER AR 1 Quai du Commandant Silhouette, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Michael Retho
- Ifremer, LER MPL Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Cedex 03, Nantes, France
| | | | - Nicolas Savoye
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS, UMR 5805, Environnement Paléoenvironnement Océaniques et Côtiers (EPOC), 2 Rue du Professeur Jolyet, 33120 Arcachon, France
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Changes in Macrozoobenthos Community after Aquatic Plant Restoration in the Northern Venice Lagoon (IT). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084838. [PMID: 35457703 PMCID: PMC9029909 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Responses of the macrozoobenthic community to an ecological restoration activity in the northern Venice lagoon were studied, within the scope of the project LIFE SEagrass RESTOration aimed at recreating aquatic phanerogam meadows largely reduced in recent decades. Transplants were successful in almost all project areas. Macrozoobenthos was sampled in eight stations before (2014) and after (2015, 2016, 2017) transplanting activities. An increase in abundance and fluctuations in richness and univariate ecological indices (Shannon’s, Margalef’s, Pielou’s indices) resulted during the years. Comparing non-vegetated and vegetated samples in 2017, every index except Pielou’s increased in the latter. Multivariate analysis (hierarchical cluster analysis, MDS, PERMDISP, SIMPER) grouped samples by localization rather than years, with differences between stations due to the abundance of common species. In 2017, results were also grouped by the presence or absence of aquatic plants, with differences in the abundance of grazer and filter-feeding species. Results of ecological index M-AMBI depicted conditions from moderate to good ecological status (sensu Dir.2000/60/EC) with similar fluctuations, as presented by univariate indices from 2014 to 2017. Responses of the macrozoobenthic community were more evident when comparing vegetated and non-vegetated samples, with the vegetated areas sustaining communities with greater abundance and diversity than non-vegetated samples, thus demonstrating the supporting function of aquatic plants to benthic communities.
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Sediment Carbon Variations in the Venice Lagoon and Other Transitional Water Systems of the Northern Adriatic Sea. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12123430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations of inorganic, organic and total carbon, and some sedimentary parameters (sediment density, fines, pH, and shell fragments), have been analyzed in surface sediments of the Venice Lagoon since 1987. Environmental scenarios, characterized by different anthropogenic impacts, have been considered, especially in the central basin where more information is available. Data collected in 2009 in the lagoons and ponds of Po Delta, in Comacchio Valleys and Pialassa della Baiona have been also considered and analyzed together with those recorded in the whole Venice Lagoon in 2011. The results show a strong correlation of the inorganic carbon (Cinorg) with the carbonatic or siliceous origins of the sediments and changes of both Cinorg and organic carbon (Corg) according to different anthropogenic impacts, especially eutrophication and clam-fishing activities. Higher sediment density, grain-size, and pH were associated to good-high ecological conditions and the higher presence of inorganic carbon of biological origin (shell fragments and calcified macroalgal fragments). Conversely, Corg, which is associated to eutrophic conditions, was strongly affected by the sediment disturbance and the presence of high concentrations of bivalves which enhance its consumption.
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Lapointe BE, Herren LW, Brewton RA, Alderman PK. Nutrient over-enrichment and light limitation of seagrass communities in the Indian River Lagoon, an urbanized subtropical estuary. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 699:134068. [PMID: 31683214 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Historically, extensive seagrass meadows were common throughout the Indian River Lagoon (IRL) in east-central Florida, USA. Between 2011 and 2017, widespread catastrophic seagrass losses (~95%) occurred in the IRL following unprecedented harmful algal blooms (HABs), including persistent brown tides (Aureoumbra lagunensis). Little is known about how dissolved nutrients and chlorophyll a are related to light limitation or how biochemical factors, such as the elemental composition (C:N:P) and stable isotope signatures (δ13C, δ15N), of seagrasses within the IRL relate to coverage. Accordingly, we conducted a survey from 2013 to 2015 at 20 sites to better understand these relationships. Results showed a negative correlation between DIN and salinity, indicating freshwater inputs as a DIN source. Seawater N:P ratios and chlorophyll a concentrations were higher in the urbanized, poorly-flushed northern IRL segments. Kd values were higher in the wet season and often exceeded seagrass light requirements (0.8 m-1) for restoration, demonstrating light limitation. Species distribution varied by location. Halodule wrightii was ubiquitous, whereas Syringodium filiforme was not found in the northernmost segments. Thalassia testudinum was only present in the two southernmost segments that had the lowest TDN and highest light availability (Kd). Blade %N and %P also frequently exceeded critical values of 1.8% and 0.2%, respectively, especially in the northern segments. Further, δ15N was positively correlated with ammonium, suggesting wastewater as a major N source. The δ13C values indicated a trend of increasing light limitation from south to north, which helps explain the recent catastrophic loss of seagrasses in the northern IRL. Overall, elemental composition reflected high N-availability and seagrass species distributions were relatable to spatial trends in N and light limitation. For effective restoration, resource managers must reduce N-loading to the IRL to diminish HABs and increase light availability. Regular biochemical monitoring of seagrass tissue should also be implemented during restoration efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Lapointe
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA.
| | - Laura W Herren
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA
| | - Rachel A Brewton
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA
| | - Pamela K Alderman
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA
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Krause JR, Watson E, Wigand C, Maher N. Are Tidal Salt Marshes Exposed to Nutrient Pollution more Vulnerable to Sea Level Rise? WETLANDS (WILMINGTON, N.C.) 2019; 40:1-10. [PMID: 35068652 PMCID: PMC8780853 DOI: 10.1007/s13157-019-01254-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the past four decades, Long Island, NY, USA, has lost coastal wetlands at a rate of 4% per decade due to submergence. In this study, we examined relationships between the rate of tidal salt marsh loss and environmental factors, including marsh elevation, tidal range, and wastewater exposure through analysis of stable isotope ratios of marsh soils and biota. Our goal was to identify factors that increase vulnerability of marshes to sea level rise, with a specific emphasis on the potential role of poor water quality in hastening marsh loss. Our results suggest that wastewater exposure may accelerate loss of intertidal marsh, but does not negatively impact high tidal marsh resilience to sea level rise. And while marsh elevation and tidal range were statistically significant predictors of marsh loss, they similarly displayed opposite relationships among marsh zones. This study suggests that different functional zones of coastal salt marshes may not respond similarly to global change factors, and that elevation may be an important factor mediating eutrophication effects to coastal salt marshes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Krause
- Department of Biodiversity, Earth & Environmental Sciences and the Academy of Natural Sciences, Drexel University, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pkwy, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA
| | - E Watson
- Department of Biodiversity, Earth & Environmental Sciences and the Academy of Natural Sciences, Drexel University, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pkwy, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA
| | - C Wigand
- ORD-NHEERL, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - N Maher
- The Nature Conservancy Long Island Chapter, Uplands Farm Sanctuary, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
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Aquatic Angiosperm Transplantation: A Tool for Environmental Management and Restoring in Transitional Water Systems. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11102135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Since the 1960s, the Venice Lagoon has suffered a sharp aquatic plant constriction due to eutrophication, pollution, and clam fishing. Those anthropogenic impacts began to decline during the 2010s, and since then the ecological status of the lagoon has improved, but in many choked areas no plant recolonization has been recorded due to the lack of seeds. The project funded by the European Union (LIFE12 NAT/IT/000331-SeResto) allowed to recolonize one of these areas, which is situated in the northern lagoon, by widespread transplantation of small sods and individual rhizomes. In-field activities were supported by fishermen, hunters, and sport associations; the interested surface measured approximately 36.6 km2. In the 35 stations of the chosen area, 24,261 rhizomes were transplanted during the first year, accounting for 693 rhizomes per station. About 37% of them took root in 31 stations forming several patches that joined together to form extensive meadows. Plant rooting was successful where the waters were clear and the trophic status low. But, near the outflows of freshwater rich in nutrients and suspended particulate matter, the action failed. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of small, widespread interventions and the importance of engaging the population in the recovery of the environment, which makes the action economically cheap and replicable in other similar environments.
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Petranich E, Covelli S, Acquavita A, De Vittor C, Faganeli J, Contin M. Benthic nutrient cycling at the sediment-water interface in a lagoon fish farming system (northern Adriatic Sea, Italy). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 644:137-149. [PMID: 29981513 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism and carbon, oxygen, and nutrient fluxes (DIC, DOC, DO2, NO2-, NO3-, NH4+, PO43- and SiO44-) were studied during three surveys at two sites (VN1 and VN3) located at a fish farm at the Marano and Grado Lagoon (northern Adriatic Sea), using an in situ benthic chamber. Field experiments were conducted in July and October 2015 and March 2016 at a depth of approximately 2 m along the main channels of the fish farm. Water samples were collected by a scuba diver every 2 h in order to investigate daily fluxes of solutes across the sediment-water interface (SWI). Regarding the solid phase, Corg/Ntot and Corg/Porg molar ratios suggested an autochthonous marine origin of the organic matter and a minor preservation of P in the sediments, respectively; high values of sulphur (Stot) were also encountered (0.8-2%). The conditions at VN3 were mostly anoxic with high NH4+ levels (30-1027 μM) and the absence of NO3-. Substantial daily patterns of all solutes occurred especially in autumn and winter. On the contrary, fluxes at VN1 were less pronounced. Usually, inverse correlations appeared between dissolved O2 and DIC trends, but in our system this was observed only at VN3 in autumn and accomplished by a parallel increase in NH4+, PO43- and SiO44- during intense nutrient regeneration. These results are significantly different than those reported for open lagoon environments, where nutrient regeneration at the SWI and in surface sediments is the primary source of nutrients available for assimilation processes, especially during the warmer period of the year when the natural nutrient input by fresh water inflows is limited. Due to the importance of this site for aquaculture, biodiversity and ecosystem services, useful suggestions have been provided from this study in order to improve the quality of this unique aquatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Petranich
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Weiss 2, 34128 Trieste, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34128 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Stefano Covelli
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Weiss 2, 34128 Trieste, Italy; CoN.I.S.Ma. Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Acquavita
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione Ambientale del Friuli Venezia Giulia, ARPA FVG, Via Cairoli 14, 33057 Palmanova, Udine, Italy
| | - Cinzia De Vittor
- Sezione oceanografica, Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Via A. Piccard 54, 34151 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Marco Contin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università di Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Kurashov EA, Mitrukova GG, Krylova JV. Interannual Variability of Low-Molecular Metabolite Composition in Ceratophyllum demersum (Ceratophyllaceae) from a Floodplain Lake with a Changeable Trophic Status. CONTEMP PROBL ECOL+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995425518020063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Morabito E, Radaelli M, Corami F, Turetta C, Toscano G, Capodaglio G. Temporal evolution of cadmium, copper and lead concentration in the Venice Lagoon water in relation with the speciation and dissolved/particulate partition. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 129:884-892. [PMID: 29106942 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In order to study the role of sediment re-suspension and deposition versus the role of organic complexation, we investigated the speciation of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) in samples collected in the Venice Lagoon during several campaigns from 1992 to 2006. The increment in Cd and Pb concentration in the dissolved phases, observed in the central and northern basins, can be linked to important alterations inside the lagoon caused by industrial and urban factors. The study focuses on metal partition between dissolved and particulate phases. The analyses carried out in different sites illustrate the complex role of organic matter in the sedimentation process. While Cd concentration in sediments can be correlated with organic matter, no such correlation can be established in the case of Pb, whose particulate concentration is related only to the dissolved concentration. In the case of Cu, the role of organic complexation remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Morabito
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172 Mestre-Venezia, Italy
| | - Marta Radaelli
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172 Mestre-Venezia, Italy.
| | - Fabiana Corami
- Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes National Research Council of Italy, IDPA-CNR, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre-Venezia, VE, Italy
| | - Clara Turetta
- Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes National Research Council of Italy, IDPA-CNR, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre-Venezia, VE, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Toscano
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172 Mestre-Venezia, Italy
| | - Gabriele Capodaglio
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, 30172 Mestre-Venezia, Italy
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Thornber CS, Guidone M, Deacutis C, Green L, Ramsay CN, Palmisciano M. Spatial and temporal variability in macroalgal blooms in a eutrophied coastal estuary. HARMFUL ALGAE 2017; 68:82-96. [PMID: 28962992 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
All three macroalgal clades (Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta, and Phaeophyceae) contain bloom-forming species. Macroalgal blooms occur worldwide and have negative consequences for coastal habitats and economies. Narragansett Bay (NB), Rhode Island, USA, is a medium sized estuary that is heavily influenced by anthropogenic activities and has been plagued by macroalgal blooms for over a century. Over the past decade, significant investment has upgraded wastewater treatment from secondary treatment to water-quality based limits (i.e. tertiary treatment) in an effort to control coastal eutrophication in this system. The goal of this study was to improve the understanding of multi-year macroalgal bloom dynamics through intensive aerial and ground surveys conducted monthly to bi-monthly during low tides in May-October 2006-2013 in NB. Aerial surveys provided a rapid characterization of macroalgal densities across a large area, while ground surveys provided high resolution measurements of macroalgal identity, percent cover, and biomass. Macroalgal blooms in NB are dominated by Ulva and Gracilaria spp. regardless of year or month, although all three clades of macroalgae were documented. Chlorophyta cover and nutrient concentrations were highest in the middle and upper bay. Rhodophyta cover was highest in the middle and lower bay, while drifting Phaeophyceae cover was patchy. Macroalgal blooms of >1000g fresh mass (gfm)/m2 (max=3510gfm/m2) in the intertidal zone and >3000gfm/m3 (max=8555gfm/m3) in the subtidal zone were observed within a heavily impacted embayment (Greenwich Bay). Macroalgal percent cover (intertidal), biomass (subtidal), and diversity varied significantly between year, month-group, site, and even within sites, with the highest species diversity at sites outside of Greenwich Bay. Total intertidal macroalgal percent cover, as well as subtidal Ulva biomass, were positively correlated with temperature. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations were correlated with the total biomass of macroalgae and the subtidal biomass of Gracilaria spp. but not the biomass of Ulva spp. Despite seasonal reductions in the nutrient output of wastewater treatment facilities emptying into upper Narragansett Bay in recent years, macroalgal blooms still persist. Continued long-term monitoring of water quality, macroalgal blooms, and ecological indicators is essential to understand the changes in macroalgal bloom dynamics that occur after nutrient reductions from management efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol S Thornber
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States; Department of Natural Resources Science, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States.
| | - Michele Guidone
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Christopher Deacutis
- Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management, Division of Fish and Wildlife, 3 Fort Wetherill Rd., Jamestown, RI 02835, United States
| | - Lindsay Green
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States; Department of Natural Resources Science, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Christine N Ramsay
- Department of Life Sciences, Mitchell College, New London, CT 06320, United States
| | - Melissa Palmisciano
- Moss Landing Marine Labs, 8272 Moss Landing Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, United States
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Influence of Green Tides in Coastal Nursery Grounds on the Habitat Selection and Individual Performance of Juvenile Fish. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170110. [PMID: 28125605 PMCID: PMC5268461 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coastal ecosystems, which provide numerous essential ecological functions for fish, are threatened by the proliferation of green macroalgae that significantly modify habitat conditions in intertidal areas. Understanding the influence of green tides on the nursery function of these ecosystems is essential to determine their potential effects on fish recruitment success. In this study, the influence of green tides on juvenile fish was examined in an intertidal sandy beach area, the Bay of Saint-Brieuc (Northwestern France), during two annual cycles of green tides with varying levels of intensity. The responses of three nursery-dependent fish species, the pelagic Sprattus sprattus (L.), the demersal Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) and the benthic Pleuronectes platessa L., were analysed to determine the effects of green tides according to species-specific habitat niche and behaviour. The responses to this perturbation were investigated based on habitat selection and a comparison of individual performance between a control and an impacted site. Several indices on different integrative scales were examined to evaluate these responses (antioxidant defence capacity, muscle total lipid, morphometric condition and growth). Based on these analyses, green tides affect juvenile fish differently according to macroalgal density and species-specific tolerance, which is linked to their capacity to move and to their distribution in the water column. A decreasing gradient of sensitivity was observed from benthic to demersal and pelagic fish species. At low densities of green macroalgae, the three species stayed at the impacted site and the growth of plaice was reduced. At medium macroalgal densities, plaice disappeared from the impacted site and the growth of sea bass and the muscle total lipid content of sprat were reduced. Finally, when high macroalgal densities were reached, none of the studied species were captured at the impacted site. Hence, sites affected by green tides are less favourable nursery grounds for all the studied species, with species-specific effects related to macroalgal density.
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Vasileiadou K, Pavloudi C, Kalantzi I, Apostolaki ET, Chatzigeorgiou G, Chatzinikolaou E, Pafilis E, Papageorgiou N, Fanini L, Konstas S, Fragopoulou N, Arvanitidis C. Environmental variability and heavy metal concentrations from five lagoons in the Ionian Sea (Amvrakikos Gulf, W Greece). Biodivers Data J 2016:e8233. [PMID: 27932906 PMCID: PMC5136647 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.4.e8233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coastal lagoons are ecosystems of major importance as they host a number of species tolerant to disturbances and they are highly productive. Therefore, these ecosystems should be protected to ensure stability and resilience. The lagoons of Amvrakikos Gulf form one of the most important lagoonal complexes in Greece. The optimal ecological status of these lagoons is crucial for the well-being of the biodiversity and the economic prosperity of the local communities. Thus, monitoring of the area is necessary to detect possible sources of disturbance and restore stability. New information The environmental variables and heavy metals concentrations, from five lagoons of Amvrakikos Gulf were measured from seasonal samplings and compared to the findings of previous studies in the area, in order to check for possible sources of disturbance. The analysis, showed that i) the values of the abiotic parameters vary with time (season), space (lagoon) and with space over time; ii) the variability of the environmental factors and enrichment in certain elements is naturally induced and no source of contamination is detected in the lagoons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Vasileiadou
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Christina Pavloudi
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium, Department of Microbial Ecophysiology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ioanna Kalantzi
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eugenia T Apostolaki
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Giorgos Chatzigeorgiou
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eva Chatzinikolaou
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Evangelos Pafilis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Lucia Fanini
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | | | - Christos Arvanitidis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Tweedley J, Warwick R, Potter I. The Contrasting Ecology of Temperate Macrotidal and Microtidal Estuaries. OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE BIOLOGY - AN ANNUAL REVIEW 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/9781315368597-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Macroalgal Morphogenesis Induced by Waterborne Compounds and Bacteria in Coastal Seawater. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146307. [PMID: 26745366 PMCID: PMC4720170 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Axenic gametes of the marine green macroalga Ulva mutabilis Føyn (Ria Formosa, locus typicus) exhibit abnormal development into slow-growing callus-like colonies with aberrant cell walls. Under laboratory conditions, it was previously demonstrated that all defects in growth and thallus development can be completely abolished when axenic gametes are inoculated with a combination of two specific bacterial strains originally identified as Roseobacter sp. strain MS2 and Cytophaga sp. strain MS6. These bacteria release diffusible morphogenetic compounds (= morphogens), which act similar to cytokinin and auxin. To investigate the ecological relevance of the waterborne bacterial morphogens, seawater samples were collected in the Ria Formosa lagoon (Algarve, Southern Portugal) at 20 sampling sites and tidal pools to assess their morphogenetic effects on the axenic gametes of U. mutabilis. Specifically the survey revealed that sterile-filtered seawater samples can completely recover growth and morphogenesis of U. mutabilis under axenic conditions. Morphogenetic activities of free-living and epiphytic bacteria isolated from the locally very abundant Ulva species (i.e., U. rigida) were screened using a multiwell-based testing system. The most represented genera isolated from U. rigida were Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas and Sulfitobacter followed by Psychrobacter and Polaribacter. Several naturally occurring bacterial species could emulate MS2 activity (= induction of cell divisions) regardless of taxonomic affiliation, whereas the MS6 activity (= induction of cell differentiation and cell wall formation) was species-specific and is probably a feature of difficult-to-culture bacteria. Interestingly, isolated bacteroidetes such as Algoriphagus sp. and Polaribacter sp. could individually trigger complete Ulva morphogenesis and thus provide a novel mode of action for bacterial-induced algal development. This study also highlights that the accumulation of algal growth factors in a shallow water body separated from the open ocean by barrier islands might have strong implications to, for example, the wide usage of natural coastal seawater in algal (land based) aquacultures of Ulva.
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Hessing-Lewis ML, Hacker SD, Menge BA, McConville SO, Henderson J. Are large macroalgal blooms necessarily bad? Nutrient impacts on seagrass in upwelling-influenced estuaries. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2015; 25:1330-1347. [PMID: 26485959 DOI: 10.1890/14-0548.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of nutrient pathways and their resulting ecological interactions can alleviate numerous environmental problems associated with nutrient increases in both natural and managed systems. Although not unique, coastal systems are particularly prone to complex ecological interactions resulting from nutrient inputs from both the land and sea. Nutrient inputs to coastal systems often spur ulvoid macroalgal blooms, with negative consequences for seagrasses, primarily through shading, as well as through changes in local biogeochemistry. We conducted complementary field and mesocosm experiments in an upwelling-influenced estuary, where marine-derived nutrients dominate, to understand the direct and indirect effects of nutrients on the macroalgal-eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) interaction. In the field experiment, we found weak evidence that nutrients and/or macroalgal treatments had a negative effect on eelgrass. However, in the mesocosm experiment, we found that a combination of nutrient and macroalgal treatments led to strongly negative eelgrass responses, primarily via indirect effects associated with macroalgal additions. Together, increased total light attenuation and decreased sediment oxygen levels were associated with larger effects on eelgrass than shading alone, which was evaluated using mimic algae treatments that did not alter sediment redox potential. Nutrient addition in the mesocosms directly affected seagrass density; biomass, and morphology, but not as strongly as macroalgae. We hypothesize that the contrary results from these parallel experiments are a consequence of differences in the hydrodynamics between field and mesocosm settings. We suggest that the high rates of water movement and tidal submersion of our intertidal field experiments alleviated the light reduction and negative biogeochemical changes in the sediment associated with macroalgal canopies, as well as the nutrient effects observed in the mesocosm experiments. Furthermore, adaptation of ulvoids and eelgrass to high, but variable, background nutrient concentrations in upwelling-influenced estuaries may partly explain the venue-specific results reported here. In order to manage critical seagrass habitats, nutrient criteria and macroalgal indicators must consider variability in marine-based nutrient delivery and local physical conditions among estuaries.
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Wu H, Huo Y, Han F, Liu Y, He P. Bioremediation using Gracilaria chouae co-cultured with Sparus macrocephalus to manage the nitrogen and phosphorous balance in an IMTA system in Xiangshan Bay, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 91:272-9. [PMID: 25561001 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A cage experiment using the red alga Gracilaria chouae co-cultured with the black seabream Sparus macrocephalus in Xiangshan Bay, China was conducted to measure the nutrient flux of the integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system. Results showed that trash fish were the main nutrient input contributor and adult fish were the main nutrient output contributor in the system. Contents of N and P in adult fish accounted for 54.45% and 59.48% of N and P in trash fish and fry, which suggests that 45.55% of N and 40.52% of P generated by fish farming were released into to the water. G. chouae proved to be an efficient bioremediation species in this IMTA system. To balance the excess nutrients generated by the system, 231.09 kg of seedlings should be cultured and 5315.07 kg of adult seaweed should be harvested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Wu
- College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Marine Scientific Research Institute, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Water Environment & Ecology Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yuanzi Huo
- College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Marine Scientific Research Institute, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Water Environment & Ecology Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Fang Han
- College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Marine Scientific Research Institute, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Water Environment & Ecology Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Marine Scientific Research Institute, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Water Environment & Ecology Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Peimin He
- College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Marine Scientific Research Institute, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Water Environment & Ecology Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Zhang X, Zhou Y, Liu P, Wang F, Liu B, Liu X, Xu Q, Yang H. Temporal pattern in the bloom-forming macroalgae Chaetomorpha linum and Ulva pertusa in seagrass beds, Swan Lake lagoon, North China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 89:229-238. [PMID: 25444622 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Seagrasses that are distributed over a large area of the Swan Lake, Weihai, China, support a productive ecosystem. In recent years, however, frequent macroalgal blooms have changed the ecosystem structure and threatened the seagrasses. To understand the bloom-forming macroalgae we conducted a yearly field survey of Swan Lake. Results indicated that the macroalgae Chaetomorpha linum and Ulva pertusa both exhibited a much higher productivity and attained a greater maximum biomass (of 1712±780gDWm(-)(2) and 1511 ± 555 gDW m(-2), respectively) than was the case for the seagrasses. The mean annual atomic ratios of C/N, C/P and N/P in C. linum were 14.31 ± 4.45, 402.82 ± 130.25, and 28.12±2.08, respectively. The δ(15)N values (11.09 ± 0.91‰ for C. linum; 9.27 ± 2.83‰ for U. pertusa) indicated a land-based source of N enrichment to the macroalgal blooms. High concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the lagoon, particularly near the river mouth, supported the blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Bingjian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xujia Liu
- Guangxi Institute of Oceanology, Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Technology, Beihai 536000, PR China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Hongsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
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Seghetta M, Østergård H, Bastianoni S. Energy analysis of using macroalgae from eutrophic waters as a bioethanol feedstock. Ecol Modell 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Bucholc K, Szymczak-Żyła M, Lubecki L, Zamojska A, Hapter P, Tjernström E, Kowalewska G. Nutrient content in macrophyta collected from southern Baltic Sea beaches in relation to eutrophication and biogas production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 473-474:298-307. [PMID: 24374591 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
One of the signs of eutrophication is the excessive growth of opportunistic macroalgae, a worldwide phenomenon also observed in the Baltic Sea. Mats of macroalgae may drift long distances and accumulate at the seashore, considerably decreasing the recreational value of beaches. The matter accumulating at the shore is treated usually as waste. However, it could be used, for example, as a resource for biogas production. The aim of this work was to verify the hypothesis that collecting of macrophyta accumulating on the beach and potential usage of this material for biogas production will decrease nutrient reserves in the sea to counteract eutrophication and the increase in greenhouse effects. Samples of macrophyta were collected in 2011 and 2012 and analysed for their C, N, and P contents, and degree of degradation (% Chl-a in the sum of chloropigments-a); the results were analysed statistically. The nutrient content was studied in macrophyta accumulating on the beach (Sopot, Gulf of Gdańsk, Poland) and for comparison, macrophyta collected from their habitats in less nutrient polluted area (off the Skåre coast, Trelleborg, Sweden). The nutrient content (N, P) in macrophyta depends primarily on their morphology and only secondarily on environmental nutrient pollution. Collecting the macrophyta biomass accumulating on beaches will not significantly change the eutrophication of the Baltic as a whole; any improvements in this respect are likely to be on a local scale only. Collecting macrophyta removes more nitrogen than phosphorous, so this would decrease the N/P ratio in seawater. This macrophyta biomass is a substantial reserve of renewable energy, which could be utilized with the appropriate technology for biomass collection/preservation and biofuel production as an additive to other carbon-rich biomasses. And the biofuel production should be evaluated not only from the standpoint of economic efficiency but also from the environmental point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bucholc
- Marine Pollution Laboratory, Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - M Szymczak-Żyła
- Marine Pollution Laboratory, Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - L Lubecki
- Marine Pollution Laboratory, Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - A Zamojska
- University of Gdańsk, Department of Econometrics, ul. Armii Krajowej 101, 81-824 Sopot, Poland
| | - P Hapter
- Marine Pollution Laboratory, Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - E Tjernström
- Environmental Department, Trelleborg Municipality, Algatan 13, 231 83 Trelleborg, Sweden
| | - G Kowalewska
- Marine Pollution Laboratory, Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
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Lenzi M, Gennaro P, Mercatali I, Persia E, Solari D, Porrello S. Physico-chemical and nutrient variable stratifications in the water column and in macroalgal thalli as a result of high biomass mats in a non-tidal shallow-water lagoon. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 75:98-104. [PMID: 23993068 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A field study to check parameter stratification during high density growth of four opportunistic macroalgae was carried out in Orbetello lagoon (Italy). The effects of macroalgal masses were compared with a seagrass meadow and two lagoon areas with bare bottoms as controls for pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, nitrite, nitrate ammonium and orthophosphate. The nutrient content of thalli and sediment redox were measured. Macroalgae showed differences in stratification of thalli nutrient content. Mat with low density and high volume produced stratifications in the water column, but it did not produce nutrient release by sediment. In contrast, high density and low and high volume mats led to sharp falls in dissolved oxygen, with negative values of sediment Eh and anoxic trigger processes that presumably led to release of sediment nutrients. This depended on thallus type: heavy thalli compacted the mat and light ones distributed more widely in the water column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Lenzi
- Lagoon Ecology and Aquaculture Laboratory (LEALab), Orbetello Pesca Lagunare Company, Via G. Leopardi 9, 58015 Orbetello, Italy.
| | - Paola Gennaro
- Higher Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via di Casalotti 300, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Isabel Mercatali
- Higher Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via di Casalotti 300, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Emma Persia
- Higher Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via di Casalotti 300, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Duccio Solari
- Lagoon Ecology and Aquaculture Laboratory (LEALab), Orbetello Pesca Lagunare Company, Via G. Leopardi 9, 58015 Orbetello, Italy
| | - Salvatore Porrello
- Higher Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via di Casalotti 300, 00166 Rome, Italy
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Guidone M, Thornber C, Wysor B, O'Kelly CJ. Molecular and morphological diversity of Narragansett Bay (RI, USA) Ulva (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) populations. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2013; 49:979-95. [PMID: 27007320 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgal bloom-forming species occur in coastal systems worldwide. However, due to overlapping morphologies in some taxa, accurate taxonomic assessment and classification of these species can be quite challenging. We investigated the molecular and morphological characteristics of 153 specimens of bloom-forming Ulva located in and around Narragansett Bay, RI, USA. We analyzed sequences of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 1 region (ITS1) and the chloroplast-encoded rbcL; based on the ITS1 data, we grouped the specimens into nine operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Eight of these OTUs have been previously reported to exist, while one is novel. Of the eight OTUs, all shared sequence identity with previously published sequences or differed by less than 1.5% sequence divergence for two molecular markers. Previously, 10 species names were reported for Ulva in Rhode Island (one blade and nine tube-forming species) based upon morphological classification alone. Of our nine OTUs, three contained blade-forming specimens (U. lactuca, U. compressa, U. rigida), one OTU had a blade with a tubular stipe, and six contained unbranched and/or branched tubular morphologies (one of these six, U. compressa, had both a blade and a tube morphology). While the three blade-forming OTUs in Narragansett Bay can frequently be distinguished by careful observations of morphological characteristics, and spatial/temporal distribution, it is much more difficult to distinguish among the tube-forming specimens based upon morphology or distribution alone. Our data support the molecular species concept for Ulva, and indicate that molecular-based classifications of Ulva species are critical for proper species identification, and subsequent ecological assessment or mitigation of Ulva blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Guidone
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Rd, Kingston, Rhode Island, 02881, USA
| | - Carol Thornber
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Rd, Kingston, Rhode Island, 02881, USA
| | - Brian Wysor
- Department of Biology, Marine Biology & Environmental Science, Roger Williams University, 1 Old Ferry Road, Bristol, Rhode Island, 02809, USA
| | - Charles J O'Kelly
- Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, Washington, 98250, USA
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Barr NG, Dudley BD, Rogers KM, Cornelisen CD. Broad-scale patterns of tissue-δ15N and tissue-N indices in frondose Ulva spp.; developing a national baseline indicator of nitrogen-loading for coastal New Zealand. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 67:203-216. [PMID: 23260648 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A survey of tissue-δ(15)N and tissue-N values in the green macroalga, Ulva, was conducted around the coast of New Zealand to determine if these indices could be used as indicators of anthropogenic nutrient loading in coastal waters. In addition, data from four case studies showed temporal and spatial responses of tissue-δ(15)N and tissue-N in Ulva to significant terrestrial nutrient inputs. Tissue-δ(15)N in Ulva from 'natural' exposed coastal sites showed a relatively narrow baseline range of values (6.6±0.1-8.8±0.1‰) in both summer and winter that was consistent throughout New Zealand. Departures in Ulva tissue-δ(15)N ratios outside this range, particularly when coupled with high (>3.1%) tissue-N values, indicate significant contributions of terrestrially-derived nitrogen to coastal seawater. We note that tissue-N content is also affected by exposure, light and season; however provided such factors are taken into account Ulva can be a cost-effective indicator of relative changes in both source and amount of nitrogen-loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neill G Barr
- National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Limited (NIWA), Mahanga Bay Aquaculture Research Facility, Private Bag 14901, Wellington, New Zealand.
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Newton C, Thornber C. Abundance and Species Composition Surveys of Macroalgal Blooms in Rhode Island Salt Marshes. Northeast Nat (Steuben) 2012. [DOI: 10.1656/045.019.0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pedersen MF. Nitrogen limitation of photosynthesis and growth: Comparison across aquatic plant communities in a Danish Estuary (Roskilde Fjord). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00785236.1995.10422047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kalhoefer D, Thole S, Voget S, Lehmann R, Liesegang H, Wollher A, Daniel R, Simon M, Brinkhoff T. Comparative genome analysis and genome-guided physiological analysis of Roseobacter litoralis. BMC Genomics 2011; 12:324. [PMID: 21693016 PMCID: PMC3141670 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-12-324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Roseobacter litoralis OCh149, the type species of the genus, and Roseobacter denitrificans OCh114 were the first described organisms of the Roseobacter clade, an ecologically important group of marine bacteria. Both species were isolated from seaweed and are able to perform aerobic anoxygenic photosynthesis. RESULTS The genome of R. litoralis OCh149 contains one circular chromosome of 4,505,211 bp and three plasmids of 93,578 bp (pRLO149_94), 83,129 bp (pRLO149_83) and 63,532 bp (pRLO149_63). Of the 4537 genes predicted for R. litoralis, 1122 (24.7%) are not present in the genome of R. denitrificans. Many of the unique genes of R. litoralis are located in genomic islands and on plasmids. On pRLO149_83 several potential heavy metal resistance genes are encoded which are not present in the genome of R. denitrificans. The comparison of the heavy metal tolerance of the two organisms showed an increased zinc tolerance of R. litoralis. In contrast to R. denitrificans, the photosynthesis genes of R. litoralis are plasmid encoded. The activity of the photosynthetic apparatus was confirmed by respiration rate measurements, indicating a growth-phase dependent response to light. Comparative genomics with other members of the Roseobacter clade revealed several genomic regions that were only conserved in the two Roseobacter species. One of those regions encodes a variety of genes that might play a role in host association of the organisms. The catabolism of different carbon and nitrogen sources was predicted from the genome and combined with experimental data. In several cases, e.g. the degradation of some algal osmolytes and sugars, the genome-derived predictions of the metabolic pathways in R. litoralis differed from the phenotype. CONCLUSIONS The genomic differences between the two Roseobacter species are mainly due to lateral gene transfer and genomic rearrangements. Plasmid pRLO149_83 contains predominantly recently acquired genetic material whereas pRLO149_94 was probably translocated from the chromosome. Plasmid pRLO149_63 and one plasmid of R. denitrifcans (pTB2) seem to have a common ancestor and are important for cell envelope biosynthesis. Several new mechanisms of substrate degradation were indicated from the combination of experimental and genomic data. The photosynthetic activity of R. litoralis is probably regulated by nutrient availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Kalhoefer
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Thole
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Voget
- Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Grisebachstraße 8, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Lehmann
- Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Grisebachstraße 8, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Heiko Liesegang
- Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Grisebachstraße 8, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Antje Wollher
- Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Grisebachstraße 8, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rolf Daniel
- Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Grisebachstraße 8, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Meinhard Simon
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Brinkhoff
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
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Donnelly AP, Herbert RA. Bacterial interactions in the rhizosphere of seagrass communities in shallow coastal lagoons. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 85 Suppl 1:151S-160S. [PMID: 21182704 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1998.tb05294.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rooted phanerogam communities in the shallow intertidal and subtidal coastal zone represent productive and healthy ecosystems. Inorganic nutrients are assimilated into seagrass biomass. Much of the organic matter resulting from moribund seagrass is rapidly mineralized, principally by bacteria. The microbial community of the rhizosphere is also highly active due to the supply of organic matter released during photosynthesis. This active sediment community plays an important role through carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous cycling in maintaining the stability and productivity of seagrass meadows. Over the last two decades, however, seagrass meadows in European coastal areas have declined due to increasing pollution. As eutrophication advances a trasition occurs from rooted phanerogram dominated communities to planktonic algal blooms and/or cyanobacterial blooms. Such changes represent the decline of a stable, high biodiversity habitat to an unstable one dominated by a few species. These changes of community structure can occur rapidly once the internal nutrient and organic matter control cycles are exceeded. A field investigation was undertaken to establish the spatial distribution of bacterial populations of Zostera noltii colonized and uncolonized sediment in the Bassin d'Arcachon, France. Bacteria were enumerated using both plate count and MPN techniques for different functional groups as well as determining the total bacterial populations present. Nitrogen fixation, ammonification, sulphate reduction rates, as well as alkaline phosphatase activity were also determined. Colonization of the Z. noltii roots and rhizomes was studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. Results confirmed that higher bacterial populations were present in the rhizosphere of Z. noltii compared to uncolonized sediments. Furthermore, electron microscopy identified the rhizome as the main site of colonization for a diverse range of morphological groups of bacteria. Sulphate reducing bacteria were identified as the key group of bacteria involved in N-fixation in the rhizosphere of Z. noltii. The data will be discussed in relation to the role played by the rhizosphere microflora in supplying and mobilising nutrients in Z. noltii.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Donnelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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Kennison RL, Kamer K, Fong P. RAPID NITRATE UPTAKE RATES AND LARGE SHORT-TERM STORAGE CAPACITIES MAY EXPLAIN WHY OPPORTUNISTIC GREEN MACROALGAE DOMINATE SHALLOW EUTROPHIC ESTUARIES 1. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2011; 47:483-494. [PMID: 27021977 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.00994.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We quantified the effects of initial macroalgal tissue nitrogen (N) status (depleted and enriched) and varying pulses of nitrate (NO3- ) concentration on uptake and storage of nitrogen in Ulva intestinalis L. and Ulva expansa (Setch.) Setch. et N. L. Gardner using mesocosms modeling shallow coastal estuaries in Mediterranean climates. Uptake of NO3- (μmol · g dry weight [dwt]-1 · h-1 ) was measured as loss from the water after 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h and storage as total tissue nitrogen (% dwt) and nitrate (ppm). Both species of algae exhibited a high affinity for NO3- across all N pulses and initial tissue contents. There was greater NO3- removal from the water for depleted than enriched algae across all time intervals. In the low-N-pulse treatment, U. intestinalis and U. expansa removed all measurable NO3- within 8 and 12 h, respectively, and in the medium and high treatments, removal was high and then decreased over time. Maximum mean uptake rates of nitrate were greater for U. expansa (∼300 μmol · g dwt-1 · h-1 ) than U. intestinalis (∼100 μmol · g dwt-1 · h-1 ); however, uptake rates were highly variable over time. Overall, U. expansa uptake rates were double those of U. intestinalis. Maximum tissue NO3- for U. expansa was >1,000 ppm, five times that of U. intestinalis, suggesting that U. expansa has a greater storage capacity in this cellular pool. These results showed that opportunistic green algae with differing tissue nutrient histories were able to efficiently remove nitrate from the water across a wide range of N pulses; thus, both are highly adapted to proliferate in estuarine environments with pulsed nutrient supplies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Kennison
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USASouthern California Coastal Water Research Project, 7171 Fenwick Lane, Westminster, California 92683, USADepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Krista Kamer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USASouthern California Coastal Water Research Project, 7171 Fenwick Lane, Westminster, California 92683, USADepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Peggy Fong
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USASouthern California Coastal Water Research Project, 7171 Fenwick Lane, Westminster, California 92683, USADepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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‘Green tides’ are overwhelming the coastline of our blue planet: taking the world’s largest example. Ecol Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-011-0821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Teichberg M, Fox SE, Olsen YS, Valiela I, Martinetto P, Iribarne O, Muto EY, Petti MAV, Corbisier TN, Soto-Jiménez M, Páez-Osuna F, Castro P, Freitas H, Zitelli A, Cardinaletti M, Tagliapietra D. Eutrophication and macroalgal blooms in temperate and tropical coastal waters: nutrient enrichment experiments with Ulva spp. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2010; 16:2624-2637. [PMCID: PMC3627300 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02108.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Revised: 09/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Receiving coastal waters and estuaries are among the most nutrient-enriched environments on earth, and one of the symptoms of the resulting eutrophication is the proliferation of opportunistic, fast-growing marine seaweeds. Here, we used a widespread macroalga often involved in blooms, Ulva spp., to investigate how supply of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), the two main potential growth-limiting nutrients, influence macroalgal growth in temperate and tropical coastal waters ranging from low- to high-nutrient supplies. We carried out N and P enrichment field experiments on Ulva spp. in seven coastal systems, with one of these systems represented by three different subestuaries, for a total of nine sites. We showed that rate of growth of Ulva spp. was directly correlated to annual dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentrations, where growth increased with increasing DIN concentration. Internal N pools of macroalgal fronds were also linked to increased DIN supply, and algal growth rates were tightly coupled to these internal N pools. The increases in DIN appeared to be related to greater inputs of wastewater to these coastal waters as indicated by high δ15N signatures of the algae as DIN increased. N and P enrichment experiments showed that rate of macroalgal growth was controlled by supply of DIN where ambient DIN concentrations were low, and by P where DIN concentrations were higher, regardless of latitude or geographic setting. These results suggest that understanding the basis for macroalgal blooms, and management of these harmful phenomena, will require information as to nutrient sources, and actions to reduce supply of N and P in coastal waters concerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirta Teichberg
- Leibniz-Zentrum für Marine TropenökologieFahrenheitstrasse 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Sophia E Fox
- Marine Biological Laboratory, The Ecosystems Center7 MBL St, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Ylva S Olsen
- School of Ocean Sciences, University of BangorWales, Menai Bridge, Anglesey LL59 5AB, UK
| | - Ivan Valiela
- Marine Biological Laboratory, The Ecosystems Center7 MBL St, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Paulina Martinetto
- Laboratorio de Ecología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del PlataCC573 Correo Central, Mar del Plata B7600WAG, Argentina
| | - Oscar Iribarne
- Laboratorio de Ecología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del PlataCC573 Correo Central, Mar del Plata B7600WAG, Argentina
| | - Elizabeti Yuriko Muto
- Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São PauloPraça do Oceanográfico 191, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Monica A V Petti
- Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São PauloPraça do Oceanográfico 191, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thaïs N Corbisier
- Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São PauloPraça do Oceanográfico 191, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Martín Soto-Jiménez
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MexicoApartado Postal 811, Mazatlan 82040, Mexico
| | - Federico Páez-Osuna
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MexicoApartado Postal 811, Mazatlan 82040, Mexico
| | - Paula Castro
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Botany, University of Coimbra3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Helena Freitas
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Botany, University of Coimbra3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | - Davide Tagliapietra
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine (CNR-ISMAR)Riva 7 Martiri, 1364/a, 30122 Venice, Italy
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Fong P, Kennison R. Phase Shifts, Alternative Stable States, and the Status of Southern California Lagoons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1201/ebk1420088304-c10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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Solidoro C, Bandelj V, Bernardi F, Camatti E, Ciavatta S, Cossarini G, Facca C, Franzoi P, Libralato S, Canu D, Pastres R, Pranovi F, Raicevich S, Socal G, Sfriso A, Sigovini M, Tagliapietra D, Torricelli P. Response of the Venice Lagoon Ecosystem to Natural and Anthropogenic Pressures over the Last 50 Years. COASTAL LAGOONS 2010. [DOI: 10.1201/ebk1420088304-c19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Welsh D, Viaroli P, Hamilton W, Lenton T. Is DMSP synthesis in chlorophycean macro-algae linked to aerial dispersal? ETHOL ECOL EVOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/08927014.1999.9522827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D.T. Welsh
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali , Università degli Studi di Parma , Viale delle Scienze, I-43100 , Parma , Italy
| | - P. Viaroli
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali , Università degli Studi di Parma , Viale delle Scienze, I-43100 , Parma , Italy
| | - W.D. Hamilton
- b Department of Zoology , University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford , OX1 3PS , U.K
| | - T.M. Lenton
- c Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Edinburgh Research Station, Bush Estate, Penicuick , Midlothian , EH26 0QB , Scotland
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Specchiulli A, Renzi M, Scirocco T, Cilenti L, Florio M, Breber P, Focardi S, Bastianoni S. Comparative study based on sediment characteristics and macrobenthic communities in two Italian lagoons. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2010; 160:237-256. [PMID: 19096908 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-008-0691-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2008] [Accepted: 11/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to analyse sediment characteristics and macrobenthic assemblages in two very close Italian coastal lagoons (Lesina and Varano) and to assess the different behaviour between the two basins and the relationship between sediment matrix and benthic organisms within and between the two lagoons. The comparative study was performed in July 2007 at 13 sampling sites in Lesina lagoon and 15 sites in Varano basin for sediment grain size, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and macrobenthic structure analyses. Both lagoons were generally dominated by fine-grained sediments (clay and silt components). The average contents of TOC and TN measured in Lesina was higher than in Varano (3.31% vs 2.52% for TOC and 5,200 microg.g(-1) vs 3,713 microg.g(-1) for TN); in contrast, the TP was lower (540 microg.g(-1) vs 620 microg.g(-1)). Based on macrobenthic community patterns, the central zone in Varano lagoon and the eastern area in Lesina lagoon were characterised by the lowest abundance (168.7 ind.m(-2) and 503.2 ind.m(-2), respectively) and by the lowest number of species, as highlighted by the diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener, H' range was 0.47-1.45 for Lesina and 0.00-1.68 for Varano; Margalef species richness, d range was 0.00-1.67 for Lesina lagoon and 0.00-2.38 for Varano basin). Ordination diagrams suggested an influence of marine and freshwater inputs on the sediment distribution in Varano lagoon and on macrobenthic assemblages in Lesina lagoon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Specchiulli
- Department of Lesina (FG), National Research Council-Institute of Marine Science, Via Pola 4, 71010, Lesina, FG, Italy.
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Patrício J, Neto JM, Teixeira H, Marques JC. Opportunistic macroalgae metrics for transitional waters. Testing tools to assess ecological quality status in Portugal. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2007; 54:1887-96. [PMID: 17889036 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Revised: 07/25/2007] [Accepted: 08/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgae communities constitute one of the ecological quality elements for the evaluation of the ecological quality status (EQS) of coastal and transitional waters, required to implement the WFD. While these algae are natural components of estuarine systems and play important roles in several estuarine processes, macroalgal blooms are of ecological concern because they can reduce the habitat quality. Several works are being carried out to set standard methods for monitoring macroalgae blooms, in order to develop tools to derive EQS based upon this biological quality element. The aim of this paper is to apply the methodology described by Scanlan et al. [Scanlan, C.M., Foden, J., Wells, E., Best, M.A., 2007. The monitoring of opportunistic macroalgal blooms for the water framework directive. Marine Pollution Bulletin 55, 162-171] to a series of data assembled in the south arm of the Mondego estuary (Atlantic coast of Portugal) considering two different ecological situations. Additionally, an alternative assessment method intended to be used when no biomass data are available was also tested. In general, both options captured the inter-annual variations in accordance with the system evolution. Option 2, less expensive and time-consuming, allowed an EQS evaluation with accurate results when biomass data were not available. The results suggest that sampling should be carried out from April to June.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Patrício
- IMAR - Institute of Marine Research, o Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Scanlan CM, Foden J, Wells E, Best MA. The monitoring of opportunistic macroalgal blooms for the water framework directive. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2007; 55:162-71. [PMID: 17070853 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Among the various quality elements which the Water Framework Directive requires should be monitored are macroalgae. One aspect of these is the presence, in transitional waters particularly, of large blooms of opportunistic macroalgae, such as Ulva and Enteromorpha. Within the United Kingdom (UK) and Republic of Ireland (RoI) there are currently no set ecological quality objectives or standards for macroalgae. Nor are there standard methods for monitoring macroalgal blooms, although various combinations of aerial photography, remote sensing and measurements on the ground are used. This paper attempts to set a logical framework for the prioritisation of sites for monitoring, the development of a tiered monitoring procedure and the derivation of thresholds for classification. Draft threshold limits for percentage cover and biomass of macroalgae have been derived from the literature. The importance of secondary effects and physico-chemical parameters is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Scanlan
- Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Greyhope Road, Aberdeen AB11 9RD, United Kingdom.
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Jones M, Pinn E. The impact of a macroalgal mat on benthic biodiversity in Poole Harbour. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2006; 53:63-71. [PMID: 16246380 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Blooms of macroalgal matting are increasingly common within temperate zones and are often comprised of opportunistic species such as Ulva lactuca. Where this algae forms a dense mat, a stressful environment is created in the sediment below, influencing the invertebrate infaunal assemblage. This study was conducted over a six month period during which a dense mat of U. lactuca developed and subsequently dispersed. The algal mat was found to have a significant negative impact on species richness, abundance and biomass of the macroinfauna. However, a faunal community developed within the algal mat which contained several species not previously observed. This community increased the abundance and diversity of the overall invertebrate assemblage. The results are discussed in relation to impacts on the ecosystem as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Jones
- School of Conservation Sciences, Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, United Kingdom
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Sfriso A, Adriano S, Facca C, Chiara F, Ceoldo S, Sonia C, Marcomini A, Antonio M. Recording the occurrence of trophic level changes in the lagoon of Venice over the '90s. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2005; 31:993-1001. [PMID: 16014311 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2005.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Four areas of the Venice lagoon, placed near the Malamocco mouth (Alberoni, st. A), in the Lido watershed (Sacca Sessola, st. B) and near the mainland under the influence of freshwater and urban (San Giuliano, st. C) or industrial (Fusina, st. D) effluents were monitored in two periods: 1989-92 and 1998-99 in order to quantify some environmental changes (macroalgal and phytoplankton biomass, nutrient concentrations, physico-chemical variables) occurred in both the water column and the surface sediment over the '90s. Stations B and C, two areas particularly affected by macroalgae exhibited a biomass of ca. 20 and 8 kg WW m(-2), respectively, during 1989-90. In 1998-99 maximum densities decreased to ca. 0.3 and 0.01 kg WW m(-2). During that period, phytoplankton also decreased significantly both in peaks (Chl a: from 58-86 to 4.0-3.5 microg dm(-3)) and mean values (Chl a: from 9.1-10.3 to 1.3-1.4 microg dm(-3)), especially at sts. C and D. As far as nutrient concentrations are concerned, a different trend was observed in the water column and in the surface sediment, mainly because of the reduction of the primary producers and the disappearance of anoxic crises. In 1998-99 reactive phosphorus (RP) in the water column was up to ca. 3 times as high as in 1989-92. Conversely, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was not significantly changed. In 1998-99 the 5 cm sediment top layer at sts. B, C, displayed a significant total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) decrease (TN annual mean: from 1.29 and 2.79 mg DW g(-1) to 0.69 and 1.47 mg DW g(-1), respectively; TP: from 401 and 626 microg DW g(-1) to 360 and 455 microg DW g(-1)). A different result was found at st. A which in 1998-99 was colonised by the seagrass Zostera marina L. That station showed a TN sediment increase from 0.25 to 0.67 mg DW g(-1) and a TP decrease from 455 to 350 microg DW g(-1). Station D, which did not show any macrophyte biomass coverage either in 1992-93 or in 1998-99, exhibited negligible differences. Besides the monitoring of biomasses and nutrients, significant changes related to oxygen concentration, water transparency, pH and E(h) and sediment rates were also recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Sfriso
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Venice, Calle Larga, Santa Marta 2137, 30123, Venice, Italy.
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Sundbäck K, McGlathery K. Interactions between benthic macroalgal and microalgal mats. COASTAL AND ESTUARINE STUDIES 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/ce060p0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Lenzi M, Palmieri R, Porrello S. Restoration of the eutrophic Orbetello lagoon (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy): water quality management. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2003; 46:1540-1548. [PMID: 14643780 DOI: 10.1016/s0025-326x(03)00315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The Orbetello lagoon (Tyrrhenian coast, Italy) receives treated urban and land based fishfarms wastewater. The development of severe eutrophication imposed the three main activity adoption focuses on (1) macroalgae harvesting; (2) pumping of water from the sea; (3) confining wastewater to phytotreatment ponds. The responses to these interventions were rapid and macroalgal reduction growth and seagrass return were recorded. Since 1999, a new macroalgal development was recorded. The aim of this research was to discover whether the recent macroalgal growth can be attributed to the continuing wastewater influx from the remaining persistent anthropic sources (PAS) or from the sediment nutrient release. A monitoring programme was carried out between August 1999 and July 2000 in order to measure dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewaters entering into the lagoon and in central lagoon areas, seaweed and seagrass distribution and lagoon N, P annual budgets. The results showed higher N and P values close to PAS. The distribution of the macroalgal species confirms that the available P comes almost entirely from these remaining PAS. In conclusion, the environmental measures adopted produced a significant reduction in algal biomass development in the lagoon; the macroalgal harvesting activities produced a sediment disturbance with following oxidize conditions, which make P unavailable in the lagoon water, excepting close the PAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Lenzi
- Lagoon Ecology and Aquaculture Laboratory (LEALab), O.P.L. srl, Via Giacomo Leopardi 9, 58015, Orbetello, Italy.
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Sfriso A, Facca C, Ghetti PF. Temporal and spatial changes of macroalgae and phytoplankton in a Mediterranean coastal area: the Venice lagoon as a case study. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2003; 56:617-636. [PMID: 12927742 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-1136(03)00046-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Since the late 1980s the lagoon of Venice, a shallow Mediterranean coastal area, has experienced strong environmental changes. Macroalgae, which were the predominant primary producers of the lagoon, reduced markedly, but neither phytoplankton nor seagrasses replaced them. Temporal and spatial changes in macroalgal standing crop (SC) and phytoplankton concentration were investigated between 1987 and 1998. Maps of macroalgal SC show a marked declining trend. Biomass in fresh weight decreased from: 558 ktonnes in 1987, to 85 ktonnes in 1993 and to 8.7 ktonnes in 1998. As a whole, the biomass in 1998 was only 1.6% of the biomass recorded in 1987. Similarly the macroalgal net (NPP) and gross (GPP) primary production decreased from ca. 1502 and 9721 ktonnes year(-1) to ca. 44 and 229 ktonnes year(-1), respectively. In the early 1990s the clam Tapes philippinarum Adams & Reeve and seagrasses, especially Zostera marina Linnaeus, colonised the bottoms free of macroalgae, but the development of intense clam-fishing activities prevented both phytoplankton blooms and seagrass spreading. Maps of chlorophyll a drawn according to data collected in parallel to macroalgal standing crop show unchanged concentrations. Macroalgae changes are enhanced by comparing annual trends in four areas of the central lagoon during 1989-1992 and 1998-1999. In those areas phytoplankton also decreased significantly. Marked changes of some environmental variables strongly associated with the primary production were recorded both during the lagoon mapping and in the areas studied on a yearly basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sfriso
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Venice, Calle Larga, 2137, Santa Marta 30123, Italy.
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Pavoni B, Caliceti M, Sperni L, Sfriso A. Organic micropollutants (PAHs, PCBs, pesticides) in seaweeds of the lagoon of Venice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-1784(03)00052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sfriso A, Facca C, Ceoldo S, Silvestri S, Ghetti PF. Role of macroalgal biomass and clam fishing on spatial and temporal changes in N and P sedimentary pools in the central part of the Venice lagoon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-1784(02)00008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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46
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Economic modelling as a tool to support macroalgal bloom management: a case study (Sacca di Goro, Po river delta). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-1784(02)01238-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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47
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Caliceti M, Argese E, Sfriso A, Pavoni B. Heavy metal contamination in the seaweeds of the Venice lagoon. CHEMOSPHERE 2002; 47:443-454. [PMID: 11999620 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00292-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, Cr, As) were determined in seven seaweeds of environmental and commercial relevance (Ulva rigida C. Ag., Gracilaria gracilis (Stackhouse) Steentoft, L. Irvine and Farnham, Porphyra leucosticta Thuret, Grateloupia doryphora (Montagne) Howe., Undaria pinnatifida (Harv.) Suringar, Fucus virsoides J. Agardh, Cystoseira barbata (Good. et Wood.) Ag.) collected in four sampling sites in the lagoon of Venice, in spring and autumn 1999. Metals were extracted using hot concentrated acids in a Microwave Digestion Rotor and analysed by absorption spectrophotometry using a flame mode for Fe and Zn and a graphite furnace for Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu, Ni and As. High contamination levels, especially for Pb, were detected in Ulva and to a lesser extent in Gracilaria. Brown seaweeds, especially Cystoseira was highly contaminated by As. The least contaminated genera with all metals except As were Porphyra and Undaria. A concentration decrease for Zn and Cd was observed from the inner parts of the central lagoon, close to the industrial district, towards the lagoon openings to the sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Caliceti
- Dipartimento Scienze Ambientali, Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF. NN., Centro di Studio sulla Chimica e Tecnologia per l'Ambiente, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Italy
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48
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Sfriso A, Birkemeyer T, Ghetti PF. Benthic macrofauna changes in areas of Venice lagoon populated by seagrasses or seaweeds. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2001; 52:323-349. [PMID: 11695653 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-1136(01)00089-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two areas of the Venice lagoon populated by seagrasses (three stations covered by Cymodocea nodosa (Ucria) Asherson, Zostera marina Linnaeus, Zostera noltii Hornemann) or seaweeds (two stations: one covered by Ulva rigida C. Agardh and another at present without seaweed biomass) were monitored by means of six surveys over a year in order to study macrofaunal composition and seasonal changes. The seagrass stations showed a mean species richness (28-30 S m(-2)), individual abundance (1854-4018 N m(-2)) and biomass (22.3-37.7 g m(-2) ash-free-dry-weight, AFDW) ca. 3-8 times higher than those populated by seaweeds (10-15 S m(-2), 494-1395 N m(-2) and 5.6-13.7 g m(-2) AFDW). Differences among seagrass or seaweed stations were much lower. The Ulva-dominated station showed a macrofauna completely different both from the other stations and the communities recorded ca. 30 years ago, before the prolific growth of Ulva. In this station, frequent biomass decompositions and anoxic crises created critical conditions for life favouring organisms with reduced life cycles, younger individuals and the epifaunal species instead of the infaunal ones. In particular, Ulva grazers and scrapers such as Gammarus aequicauda Stock and Gibbula adriatica Philippi were found to be by far the most abundant species, whereas the taxa characteristic of the associations found in the past, in the presence of seagrasses or seaweeds and typical of low eutrophicated environments, appear strongly reduced. Marked differences in the macrophyte dominance and in the bio-physico-chemical variables which characterise the main environmental conditions of the Venice lagoon support the different distribution and composition of macrofaunal communities. Seaweed stations appear mainly governed by the seasonal cycles of these un-rooted macrophytes which, by alternating periods of production and decomposition, are responsible for the drastic reduction of macrofauna biodiversity and biomass. Conversely, seagrass stations exhibit a better oxidisation of the environment and show conditions more favourable for macrofauna colonisation, especially in the presence of macrophytes which are characterised by very well developed below-ground systems such as Cymodocea nodosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sfriso
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Venice, Italy.
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Frignani M, Bellucci LG, Carraro C, Favotto M. Accumulation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in sediments of the Venice Lagoon and the industrial area of Porto Marghera. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2001; 42:544-553. [PMID: 11488235 DOI: 10.1016/s0025-326x(00)00197-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two sediment cores collected from the central Venice Lagoon and five from the canals of the nearby industrial area were studied in order to assess the temporal evolution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) delivery and present trends. The most polluted site is C12, in the Brentella Canal, with a total equivalent (TEQ) concentration of 2858 and 64,130 ng kg-1 at the surface and at 18-20 cm depth, respectively. High values can be also found in the Nord Industrial Canal and in the Salso Canal: 3000 and 2500 ng kg-1, respectively. Lagoon samples are much less contaminated, with TEQ downcore maxima of 22 and 53 ng kg-1, being influenced by pollutants stored in sediments of the canals only occasionally. Sediment chronology, based on 210Pb and 137Cs activity-depth profiles, shows that the highest fluxes occurred in the 1970s and early 1980s, and that pollution is now decreasing. Homologue profiles can distinguish PCDD/Fs from different sources: combustion for octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) and stripping of VCM for octachlorinated dibenzofuran (OCDF) alone, whereas several activities carried out in the past within the industrial area can be responsible of the overall contamination by furans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Frignani
- Istituto di Geologia Marina, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
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Pastres R, Solidoro C, Cossarini G, Melaku Canu D, Dejak C. Managing the rearing of Tapes philippinarum in the lagoon of Venice: a decision support system. Ecol Modell 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3800(00)00404-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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