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Sex-specific associations of TCF7L2 variants with fasting glucose, type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease among Turkish adults. Anatol J Cardiol 2020; 24:326-333. [PMID: 33122478 PMCID: PMC7724383 DOI: 10.14744/anatoljcardiol.2020.57736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: TCF7L2 is a repressor and transactivator of genes, and its variants are strongly associated with diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the sex-specific relationship between the most common TCF7L2 gene variants (-98368G>T, rs12255372 and -47833C>T, rs7903146) with diabetes and coronary heart disease in Turkish Adult Risk Factor (TARF) Study. Methods: Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) have been genotyped using the TaqMan allelic discrimination assays in 2,024 (51.3% in women, age: 55±11.8) Turkish adults participating in the TARF study. Statistical analyses were used to investigate the association of genotypes with clinical and biochemical measurements. Results: Among the TARF study participants, 11.7%, 24.3%, 14.1%, and 38.3% had diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), and obesity, respectively. The frequencies of T allele for -47833C>T and -98368G>T in Turkish adults were determined to be 0.35 and 0.33, respectively. -47833C>T was significantly associated with higher fasting glucose concentrations in all participants, especially in men. Both SNVs were significantly associated with diabetes and CHD in all participants (p<0.05). When study population was stratified according to sex, -98368G>T was associated with diabetes in women (p=0.041) and -47833C>T was associated with diabetes and CHD in men (p=0.018 and p=0.032, respectively). Also, both SNVs and the diplotypes of common haplotype (H1) remained strongly associated with type 2 diabetes after risk factors were adjusted (p<0.05). Conclusion: T allele homozygosity of two SNVs as well as the diplotype H1-/H1- reflects risk of diabetes primarily in men. Enhanced CHD risk is determined by the presence of diplotype H1-/H1- among nondiabetic participants.
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Khan SM, El Karte N, El Hajj Chehadeh S, Hassoun A, Afandi B, Tay GK, Alsafar H. Association between type 2 diabetes mellitus & TCF7L2 gene variants in the Emirati population: Genetics of diabetes in the United Arab Emirates. Am J Hum Biol 2020; 33:e23434. [PMID: 32445548 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a multifactorial etiology involving a complex interplay between genes and the environment. The prevalence of T2DM among the countries of the Gulf Corporation Council (GCC), including the United Arab Emirates (UAE), ranks among the top 15 in the world. A number of studies have shown an increase in T2DM risk for the "TT" genotype at the rs4506565 and rs12255372 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) of the TCF7L2 gene. However, the association between TCF7L2 and T2DM still needs to be investigated in the UAE population. Therefore, this study analyzed the potential associations with rs4506565 and rs12255372 in UAE subjects. METHODS For this case-control study, T2DM patients (n = 890) and healthy subjects (n = 686) were genotyped using a Taqman Real-Time PCR assay. Statistical analysis was performed with the resulting data using the R (version 3.3.1) and STATA (version 13) software packages. RESULTS The rs12255372 SNP was significantly associated with T2DM (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.00-1.34; P = .042). However, no significant association was found for the rs4506565 SNP (P = .120). After gender stratification, a significant association was found for both SNPs in males (Prs4506565 = .009 and Prs12255372 = .021). Interestingly, we found the interaction between the SNP rs4506565 with gender alone (P = .032) and in conjunction with BMI and age (P = .036) confers associations with T2DM. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the genetic variants of the TCF7L2 gene are associated with an increased susceptibility to T2DM, especially in Emirati males. Our study also highlights the impact of biological and environmental risk factors including age, BMI, and gender on the genetic susceptibility to T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad M Khan
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nora El Karte
- Esipe Créteil, Ingénierie Spécialisée en Biomédical et Santé, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Sarah El Hajj Chehadeh
- Center of Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science, Technology & Research, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed Hassoun
- Dubai Diabetes Centre, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bachar Afandi
- Endocrine Diabetes Center, Tawam Hospital, SEHA, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Guan K Tay
- Center of Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science, Technology & Research, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Habiba Alsafar
- Center of Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science, Technology & Research, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Collage of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Kuipers AL, Miljkovic I, Barinas-Mitchell E, Nestlerode CS, Cvejkus RK, Wheeler VW, Zhang Y, Zmuda JM. Wnt Pathway Gene Expression Is Associated With Arterial Stiffness. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e014170. [PMID: 32013702 PMCID: PMC7033870 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.014170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Animal and in vitro experiments implicate the Wnt pathway in cardiac development, fibrosis, vascular calcification, and atherosclerosis, but research in humans is lacking. We examined peripheral blood Wnt pathway gene expression and arterial stiffness in 369 healthy African ancestry men (mean age, 64 years). Methods and Results Gene expression was assessed using a custom Nanostring nCounter gene expression panel (N=43 genes) and normalized to housekeeping genes and background signal. Arterial stiffness was assessed via brachial‐ankle pulse‐wave velocity. Fourteen Wnt genes showed detectable expression and were tested individually as predictors of pulse‐wave velocity using linear regression, adjusting for age, height, weight, blood pressure, medication use, resting heart rate, current smoking, alcohol intake, and sedentary lifestyle. Adenomatous polyposis coli regulator of Wnt signaling pathway (APC), glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3B), and transcription factor 4 (TCF4) were significantly associated with arterial stiffness (P<0.05 for all). When entered into a single model, APC and TCF4 expression remained independently associated with arterial stiffness (P=0.04 and 0.003, respectively), and each explained ≈3% of the variance in pulse‐wave velocity. Conclusions The current study establishes a novel association between in vivo expression of the Wnt pathway genes, APC and TCF4, with arterial stiffness in African ancestry men, a population at high risk of hypertensive vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iva Miljkovic
- Department of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA
| | | | | | - Ryan K Cvejkus
- Department of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA
| | | | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA
| | - Joseph M Zmuda
- Department of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA
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4
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Cropano C, Santoro N, Groop L, Dalla Man C, Cobelli C, Galderisi A, Kursawe R, Pierpont B, Goffredo M, Caprio S. The rs7903146 Variant in the TCF7L2 Gene Increases the Risk of Prediabetes/Type 2 Diabetes in Obese Adolescents by Impairing β-Cell Function and Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity. Diabetes Care 2017; 40:1082-1089. [PMID: 28611053 PMCID: PMC5521977 DOI: 10.2337/dc17-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to explore the mechanism by which TCF7L2 rs7903146 risk allele confers susceptibility to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) in obese adolescents. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The rs7903146 variant in the TCF7L2 gene was genotyped in a multiethnic cohort of 955 youths. All subjects underwent an oral glucose tolerance test with the use of the Oral Minimal Model to assess insulin secretion, and 33 subjects underwent a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. In 307 subjects, a follow-up oral glucose tolerance test was repeated after 3.11 ± 2.36 years. RESULTS The TCF7L2 rs7903146 risk allele was associated with higher 2-h glucose levels in Caucasians (P = 0.006) and African Americans (P = 0.009), and a trend was seen also in Hispanics (P = 0.072). Also, the T allele was associated with decreased β-cell responsivity and IGT (P < 0.05). Suppression of endogenous hepatic glucose production was lower in subjects with the risk variant (P = 0.006). Finally, the odds of showing IGT/T2D at follow-up were higher in subjects carrying the minor allele (odds ratio 2.224; 95% CI 1.370-3.612; P = 0.0012). CONCLUSIONS The rs7903146 variant in the TCF7L2 gene increases the risk of IGT/T2D in obese adolescents by impairing β-cell function, and hepatic insulin sensitivity predicts the development of IGT/T2D over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catrina Cropano
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Nicola Santoro
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden.,Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Chiara Dalla Man
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudio Cobelli
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alfonso Galderisi
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Bridget Pierpont
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Martina Goffredo
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Sonia Caprio
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Eizadi M, Ravasi AA, Soory R, Baesi K, Choobineh S. The Effect of Three Months of Resistance Training on TCF7L2 Expression in Pancreas Tissues of Type 2 Diabetic Rats. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/ajmb-34014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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de Melo SF, Frigeri HR, dos Santos-Weiss ICR, Réa RR, de Souza EM, Alberton D, Gomes de Moraes Rego F, Picheth G. Polymorphisms in FTO and TCF7L2 genes of Euro-Brazilian women with gestational diabetes. Clin Biochem 2015; 48:1064-7. [PMID: 26102344 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene polymorphisms rs8050136C>A and rs9939609T>A, and transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene polymorphisms rs12255372G>T and rs7903146C>T, in a sample group of pregnant Euro-Brazilian women with or without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS Subjects were classified as either healthy pregnant control (n=200) or GDM (n=200) according to the 2010 criteria of the American Diabetes Association. The polymorphisms were genotyped using fluorescent probes (TaqMan®). RESULTS All groups were in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The genotype and allele frequencies of the examined polymorphisms did not exhibit significant difference (P>0.05) between the groups. In the healthy and GDM pregnant women groups, the A-allele frequencies (95% CI) of FTO polymorphisms rs8050136 and rs9939609 were 39% (34-44%); 38% (33-43%) and 40% (35-45%); 41% (36-46%), respectively; and the T-allele frequencies of TCF7L2 polymorphisms rs12255372 and rs7903146 were 30% (26-35%), 32% (27-37%) and 29% (25-34%), 36% (31-41%), respectively. CONCLUSION The examined polymorphisms were not associated with GDM in the Euro-Brazilian population studied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henrique Ravanhol Frigeri
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Parana, Brazil; Health and Biosciences School, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Rosângela Roginski Réa
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Service (SEMPR), Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Dayane Alberton
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Geraldo Picheth
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Parana, Brazil.
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Hosking J, Metcalf BS, Jeffery AN, Streeter AJ, Voss LD, Wilkin TJ. Evidence of early beta-cell deficiency among children who show impaired fasting glucose: 10-yr cohort study (EarlyBird 56). Pediatr Diabetes 2013; 14:481-9. [PMID: 23721587 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a predictor of future diabetes and is increasingly common in children, but the extent to which it results from excess insulin demand or failure of supply is unclear. Our aim was to compare the behaviour of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in children who developed IFG with those whose glucose levels remained within the normal range. METHODS We examined trends in fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity (HOMA-S) and beta-cell function (HOMA-B) in 327 healthy children annually from 5 to 15 yr, and the parents at baseline. RESULTS Fifty-five children showed IFG, mostly after age 11 yr. Fasting glucose rose progressively and was higher throughout in those who developed IFG compared with those who did not (p < 0.001). Beta-cell function was lower from the age of 5 yr in those who developed IFG (p = 0.006), but there was no difference in BMI (p = 0.71). A difference in insulin sensitivity was revealed on adjustment for covariates (p = 0.03). Glucose was higher (p < 0.001), beta-cell function lower (p = 0.01), and insulin sensitivity the same (p = 0.86) in the mothers of children who showed IFG, compared with those who did not. CONCLUSIONS IFG is common in contemporary children, and appears to be related to a defect in beta-cell function already present at 5 yr. Similar findings in the mothers of IFG children suggest that the beta-cell defect may be transmissible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Hosking
- University Medicine, Level 07 Derriford Hospital, Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK
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8
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da Silva Xavier G, Bellomo EA, McGinty JA, French PM, Rutter GA. Animal models of GWAS-identified type 2 diabetes genes. J Diabetes Res 2013; 2013:906590. [PMID: 23710470 PMCID: PMC3654344 DOI: 10.1155/2013/906590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 65 loci, encoding up to 500 different genes, have been implicated by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as conferring an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whilst mouse models have in the past been central to understanding the mechanisms through which more penetrant risk genes for T2D, for example, those responsible for neonatal or maturity-onset diabetes of the young, only a few of those identified by GWAS, notably TCF7L2 and ZnT8/SLC30A8, have to date been examined in mouse models. We discuss here the animal models available for the latter genes and provide perspectives for future, higher throughput approaches towards efficiently mining the information provided by human genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela da Silva Xavier
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Elisa A. Bellomo
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James A. McGinty
- Biophotonics Section, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Paul M. French
- Biophotonics Section, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Guy A. Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- *Guy A. Rutter:
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9
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Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing significantly in the pediatric population. A strong family history of the disease suggests the involvement of genetic factors for diabetes development, but defining the molecular genetics of T2D in children is difficult due to a low number of subjects and the lack of robust diagnostic criteria. Thus, genetic studies of T2D have been carried out almost exclusively in adults. In this review, the genetics of T2D is summarized and options for discovering the missing heritability explored. The review concludes with a discussion of future research that will be required for determining genetic risk factors for pediatric T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angharad R Morgan
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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10
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Coban N, Onat A, Guclu-Geyik F, Komurcu-Bayrak E, Sansoy V, Hergenc G, Can G, Erginel-Unaltuna N. Gender- and obesity-specific effect of apolipoprotein C3 gene (APOC3) -482C>T polymorphism on triglyceride concentration in Turkish adults. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 50:285-92. [PMID: 22004016 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2011.747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) gene polymorphisms are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, varying in ethnicities. This study aimed to investigate such association between the APOC3 -482C>T polymorphism and cardiometabolic risk factors in the turkish adult risk factor (TARF) study cohort, stratifying by gender and obesity. METHODS Randomly selected 1548 individuals (757 male and 791 female, mean age 49.9±11.8 years) were genotyped for -482C>T polymorphism using hybridization probes in a Real-Time PCR LC480 device. RESULTS The -482TT genotype prevailed 9.9% in men and 11.5% in women. Association between 482C>T polymorphism and dyslipidemia (p=0.036, OR=1.42, 95%Cl=1.02-1.97) was found only in men. Analysis of variance showed that anthropometric and metabolic variables were not differently distributed in APOC3 -482C>T genotypes in the study population. In relation to dyslipidemia and obesity, the -482C>T polymorphism showed significant gender-by-genotype interactions (p<0.01). When the study population was stratified according to gender and obesity, homozygotes for the T allele were associated strongly with (by 45%) elevated fasting triglyceride concentrations in obese men (p=0.009) and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index in non-obese women (p=0.013). Furthermore, in the same subgroups, the associations of the fasting triglyceride concentrations and HOMA index with the TT genotype remained after adjustment for risk factors (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS APOC3 -482TT genotype is independently associated with elevated fasting triglyceride concentrations in obese men. Presence of obesity seems to be required for this genotype to induce markedly elevated triglycerides. Furthermore, it is associated with the dyslipidemia in men, without requirement of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Coban
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Istanbul University, Vakif Gureba Cad. Sehremini, Istanbul, Turkey
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Dabelea D, Dolan LM, D'Agostino R, Hernandez AM, McAteer JB, Hamman RF, Mayer-Davis EJ, Marcovina S, Lawrence JM, Pihoker C, Florez JC. Association testing of TCF7L2 polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes in multi-ethnic youth. Diabetologia 2011; 54:535-9. [PMID: 21109996 PMCID: PMC3766323 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM/HYPOTHESIS Common variants in the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene have been associated with type 2 diabetes in adults. However, it is not known whether TCF7L2 variation increases the risk of early onset type 2 diabetes. Using a case-control design, we examined whether the reported variants [rs12255372 (T/G) and rs7903146 (T/C)] are associated with type 2 diabetes in SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study participants. METHODS Variants were genotyped in 694 non-Hispanic white (NHW) youth (86 cases, mean age 15.5 years, mean BMI 34.8; and 608 controls, mean age 14.4 years, mean BMI 22.3) and 545 African-American (AA) youth (154 cases, mean age 15.9, mean BMI 37; and 391 controls, mean age 14.8, mean BMI 23.8). Logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, BMI and West African ancestry. RESULTS The association of the risk T allele with case/control status was different in AA and NHW youth (p = 0.025). Among AA youth, each copy of the T allele (rs7903146) was associated with a 1.97-fold (1.37, 2.82) increased odds for type 2 diabetes (p < 0.0001), after adjustment for age, sex, BMI and African ancestry. No significant association was detected in NHW youth (adjusted OR, 1.14; 0.73, 1.79). CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION TCF7L2 variation is associated with an increased risk of early-onset type 2 diabetes among AA youth, and the association appears to be stronger in AA than NHW youth. This suggests potential different contributions of genetic and environmental factors to early-onset type 2 diabetes by race.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, 13001 17th Place, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Renström F, Shungin D, Johansson I, Florez JC, Hallmans G, Hu FB, Franks PW. Genetic predisposition to long-term nondiabetic deteriorations in glucose homeostasis: Ten-year follow-up of the GLACIER study. Diabetes 2011; 60:345-54. [PMID: 20870969 PMCID: PMC3012192 DOI: 10.2337/db10-0933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether recently discovered genetic loci associated with hyperglycemia also predict long-term changes in glycemic traits. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Sixteen fasting glucose-raising loci were genotyped in middle-aged adults from the Gene x Lifestyle interactions And Complex traits Involved in Elevated disease Risk (GLACIER) Study, a population-based prospective cohort study from northern Sweden. Genotypes were tested for association with baseline fasting and 2-h postchallenge glycemia (N = 16,330), and for changes in these glycemic traits during a 10-year follow-up period (N = 4,059). RESULTS Cross-sectional directionally consistent replication with fasting glucose concentrations was achieved for 12 of 16 variants; 10 variants were also associated with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and 7 were independently associated with 2-h postchallenge glucose concentrations. In prospective analyses, the effect alleles at four loci (GCK rs4607517, ADRA2A rs10885122, DGKB-TMEM195 rs2191349, and G6PC2 rs560887) were nominally associated with worsening fasting glucose concentrations during 10-years of follow-up. MTNR1B rs10830963, which was predictive of elevated fasting glucose concentrations in cross-sectional analyses, was associated with a protective effect on postchallenge glucose concentrations during follow-up; however, this was only when baseline fasting and 2-h glucoses were adjusted for. An additive effect of multiple risk alleles on glycemic traits was observed: a weighted genetic risk score (80th vs. 20th centiles) was associated with a 0.16 mmol/l (P = 2.4 × 10⁻⁶) greater elevation in fasting glucose and a 64% (95% CI: 33-201%) higher risk of developing IFG during 10 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Our findings imply that genetic profiling might facilitate the early detection of persons who are genetically susceptible to deteriorating glucose control; studies of incident type 2 diabetes and discrete cardiovascular end points will help establish whether the magnitude of these changes is clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Renström
- Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dmitry Shungin
- Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - the MAGIC Investigators
- Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, U.K
| | - Jose C. Florez
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Nutritional Research, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul W. Franks
- Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Corresponding author: Paul W. Franks,
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Yan Y, North KE, Heiss G, Klein R, Girman CJ, Lange EM, Pankow JS, Brancati FL, Boerwinkle E. Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) polymorphism and context-specific risk of impaired fasting glucose in African American and Caucasian adults: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2010; 26:371-7. [PMID: 20578204 PMCID: PMC2990965 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.1087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although variants in the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene are consistently associated with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in Caucasians, data from large population-based studies of African Americans are lacking. Moreover, few studies have investigated the effects of TCF7L2 on IFG in the context of metabolic risk factors for diabetes. METHODS We investigated the association between the TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism and incident IFG defined as fasting serum glucose levels of 100-125 mg/dL (5.6-6.9 mmol/L) in 1377 African American and 5152 Caucasian participants without diabetes and IFG at intake who participated in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study from 1987 to 1989 and were followed for 9 years. RESULTS Incident IFG was identified in 810 (58.8%) African American and 2652 (51.5%) Caucasian participants. Compared to homozygous CC Caucasian individuals, heterozygous CT [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.09 (95% CI = 1.03-1.15)] and homozygous TT [1.18 (1.05-1.33)] individuals had significantly higher risk of developing IFG over 9-year follow-up. The association between rs7903146 and IFG risk was stronger in Caucasians with obesity [HR(CTvs.CC) = 1.28 (1.12, 1.47); HR(TTvs.CC) = 1.65 (1.25, 2.17)] or high triglycerides [HR(CTvs.CC) = 1.31(1.10, 1.56); HR(TTvs.CC) = 1.72 (1.21, 2.43)]. No association of the TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism and incident IFG was noted in African Americans. CONCLUSIONS Our study replicates the association between rs7903146 and IFG risk in a population-based, longitudinal cohort of Caucasians but not in African Americans. For the first time, our study provides evidence for interactions between TCF7L2 and metabolic risk factors on the occurrence of IFG in Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-8050, USA
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14
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de Kort SWK, Mook-Kanamori DO, Jaddoe VWV, Hokken-Koelega ACS. Interactions between TCF7L2 genotype and growth hormone-induced changes in glucose homeostasis in small for gestational age children. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2010; 72:47-52. [PMID: 19473183 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03635.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) rs7903146 gene polymorphism has been associated with risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), possibly by decreasing insulin secretion. Small for gestational age (SGA) birth has been associated with type 2 DM in later life. Growth hormone (GH) treatment reduces insulin sensitivity and increases insulin secretion. Therefore, GH-treated SGA children are an ideal group to investigate whether the TCF7L2 rs7903146 genotype is associated with changes in glucose homeostasis. OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of the TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism on changes in insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity during 4 years of GH treatment in children born SGA. SUBJECTS A total of 246 Caucasian short children born SGA, with a median age of 7.8 years. OUTCOME MEASURES Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion were measured by the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) (n = 68) and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) calculations (all). RESULTS There was no association between rs7903146 genotype and insulin sensitivity or insulin secretion at baseline but after adjustment for possible confounders, insulin secretion was higher in the CT/TT group than in the CC group. During GH treatment, carriers of the rs7903146 T allele had an increase in insulin secretion similar to that of carriers of the CC genotype. The decrease in insulin sensitivity was only significant in the CT/TT group, but the difference in decrease between genotype groups did not reach significance (P = 0.06). The disposition index (insulin secretion x insulin sensitivity), which is an estimate of beta cell function, was not associated with genotype and did not change during GH treatment. CONCLUSION The TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism is not associated with the change in insulin secretion during GH treatment in short SGA children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra W K de Kort
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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15
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Prokunina-Olsson L, Welch C, Hansson O, Adhikari N, Scott LJ, Usher N, Tong M, Sprau A, Swift A, Bonnycastle LL, Erdos MR, He Z, Saxena R, Harmon B, Kotova O, Hoffman EP, Altshuler D, Groop L, Boehnke M, Collins FS, Hall JL. Tissue-specific alternative splicing of TCF7L2. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 18:3795-804. [PMID: 19602480 PMCID: PMC2748888 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddp321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Common variants in the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene have been identified as the strongest genetic risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the mechanisms by which these non-coding variants increase risk for T2D are not well-established. We used 13 expression assays to survey mRNA expression of multiple TCF7L2 splicing forms in up to 380 samples from eight types of human tissue (pancreas, pancreatic islets, colon, liver, monocytes, skeletal muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue and lymphoblastoid cell lines) and observed a tissue-specific pattern of alternative splicing. We tested whether the expression of TCF7L2 splicing forms was associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs7903146 and rs12255372, located within introns 3 and 4 of the gene and most strongly associated with T2D. Expression of two splicing forms was lower in pancreatic islets with increasing counts of T2D-associated alleles of the SNPs: a ubiquitous splicing form (P = 0.018 for rs7903146 and P = 0.020 for rs12255372) and a splicing form found in pancreatic islets, pancreas and colon but not in other tissues tested here (P = 0.009 for rs12255372 and P = 0.053 for rs7903146). Expression of this form in glucose-stimulated pancreatic islets correlated with expression of proinsulin (r(2) = 0.84-0.90, P < 0.00063). In summary, we identified a tissue-specific pattern of alternative splicing of TCF7L2. After adjustment for multiple tests, no association between expression of TCF7L2 in eight types of human tissue samples and T2D-associated genetic variants remained significant. Alternative splicing of TCF7L2 in pancreatic islets warrants future studies. GenBank Accession Numbers: FJ010164-FJ010174.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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16
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Thorsby PM, Midthjell K, Gjerlaugsen N, Holmen J, Hanssen KF, Birkeland KI, Berg JP. Comparison of genetic risk in three candidate genes (TCF7L2, PPARG, KCNJ11) with traditional risk factors for type 2 diabetes in a population-based study--the HUNT study. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2009; 69:282-7. [PMID: 18972257 DOI: 10.1080/00365510802538188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We studied the impact of genetic and traditional risk factors for type 2 diabetes in a large, population-based study from Nord-Trøndelag county in Norway (HUNT), in both cross-sectional and prospective design. MATERIAL AND METHODS 65,905 individuals participated in the HUNT study. We studied a randomly selected group of 869 individuals with self-reported diabetes or non-fasting serum glucose >or=11.1 mmol/L and 2,080 non-diabetic control subjects with non-fasting serum glucose <5.5 mmol/L. Four candidate polymorphisms in the three genes TCF7L2 (rs12255372 and rs7903146), PPARG (rs1801282), KCNJ11 (rs5219) and traditional risk factors were studied. RESULTS Risk alleles of the TCF7L2 gene showed increased risk of diabetes even when controlled for traditional diabetes risk factors (diabetes in family, waist circumference, physical activity, BMI, SBP and total and HDL-cholesterol) in both a cross-sectional and prospective setting (cross-sectional: rs12255372 OR 1.61 (1.31-1.99), rs7903146 OR 1.48 (1.20-1.83) and prospective: rs12255372 OR 1.59 (1.22-2.07), rs7903146 OR 1.47 (1.11-1.93)). The risk alleles of TCF7L2 indicated impaired beta-cell function in patients and control subjects. The population attributable risks for diabetes with TCF7L2 risk alleles were 15 % and with diabetes in a first-degree relative 31 %. CONCLUSION The risk alleles of the TCF7L2 gene (rs12255372 and rs7903146) were strongly associated with type 2 diabetes, even after controlling for traditional risk factors in both a cross-sectional and prospective setting. These risk alleles were associated with indices of reduced beta-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Thorsby
- Hormone Laboratory, Endocrine Centre, Aker-Ullevål Diabetes Research Centre, Aker University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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17
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Yu J, Steck AK, Babu S, Yu L, Miao D, McFann K, Hutton J, Eisenbarth GS, Klingensmith G. Single nucleotide transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene polymorphisms in antiislet autoantibody-negative patients at onset of diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94:504-10. [PMID: 19050058 PMCID: PMC2646512 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2007-2694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT There is controversy as to whether type 2 diabetes genetic susceptibility contributes to type 1 diabetes, and it is not known what proportion of islet autoantibody-negative new onset subjects have type 2 diabetes risk alleles. OBJECTIVES We designed this study to evaluate whether two type 2 diabetes-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene are associated with the development of islet autoantibody-negative diabetes vs. islet autoantibody-positive diabetes in young patients and whether these SNPs are associated with specific clinical phenotypes. DESIGN Autoantibody against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, islet cell antibody 512bdc (form of IA-2), insulin, ZnT8 transporter, and cytoplasmic islet cell antibody were assayed in patients with new onset diabetes seen at the Barbara Davis Center using sera obtained within 2 wk of diagnosis. We genotyped two noncoding variants in the TCF7L2 gene, rs12255372 and rs7903146, in diabetic subjects and normal controls. RESULTS A total of 140 patients (15.7%) were negative for all islet autoantibodies among 893 subjects less than age 25 at the onset of diabetes. The allele and genotype frequencies of two SNPs showed that these are associated (odds ratio up to 4) with the development of diabetes in the autoantibody-negative diabetic cohort, but not in the autoantibody-positive diabetic cohort. CONCLUSION TCF7L2 type 2 diabetes susceptibility alleles are associated with islet autoantibody-negative but not autoantibody-positive new onset diabetes in young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeesuk Yu
- University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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18
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Wegner L, Hussain MS, Pilgaard K, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Vaag A, Poulsen P. Impact of TCF7L2 rs7903146 on insulin secretion and action in young and elderly Danish twins. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93:4013-9. [PMID: 18611970 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2008-0855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the regulation and metabolic effects of TCF7L2 gene expression in human sc fat and skeletal muscle and the impact of the TCF7L2, rs7903146, T-allele on gene expression and measures of glucose metabolism including insulin secretion and peripheral and hepatic insulin action. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The rs7903146 was genotyped in 1) a population-based sample of 587 twins (55-64 yr) with glucose tolerance ranging from normal to type 2 diabetes and 2) a population of 196 nondiabetic young (22-31 yr) and elderly (57-66 yr) twins. All subjects underwent oral glucose tolerance tests, and population 2 was additionally examined with iv glucose tolerance tests and hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamps. RESULTS Elderly T-allele carriers had decreased plasma insulin responses and lower disposition index, whereas insulinogenic index was similar between genotype groups. Elderly nondiabetic T-allele carriers had increased peripheral insulin sensitivity (P = 0.03). Young T-allele carriers had impaired hepatic insulin sensitivity (P = 0.04) independent of plasma insulin levels. TCF7L2 gene expression in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue was not explained by genotype, sex, aerobic capacity, birth, or adult anthropometry and was not associated with in vivo glucose metabolism. CONCLUSIONS The rs7903146 T-allele associates with hepatic insulin resistance and diminished glucose-stimulated plasma insulin secretion. Our study does not provide evidence of a role of TCF7L2 gene expression in sc fat tissue and muscle tissue in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. This suggests that the primary defect of rs7903146 T-allele carriers is impairment of insulin secretion rather than a defect in insulin action in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Wegner
- Steno Diabetes Center, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark.
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Köttgen A, Hwang SJ, Rampersaud E, Coresh J, North KE, Pankow JS, Meigs JB, Florez JC, Parsa A, Levy D, Boerwinkle E, Shuldiner AR, Fox CS, Kao WHL. TCF7L2 variants associate with CKD progression and renal function in population-based cohorts. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008; 19:1989-99. [PMID: 18650481 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2007121291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants may increase susceptibility to both diabetes and kidney disease. Whether known diabetes-associated variants in the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene are associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and markers of kidney function is unknown. Participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC; n = 11,061 self-identified white and n = 4014 black), Framingham Heart Offspring Cohort (FHS; n = 2468), and Heredity and Phenotype Intervention Heart Study (HAPI; n = 861) were genotyped at five (ARIC) and two (FHS) common TCF7L2 variants. The diabetes-conferring risk alleles at rs7903146 and rs7901695 were significantly associated with CKD progression among ARIC participants overall and among those without baseline diabetes. The overall adjusted hazard ratios per rs7903146 T allele were 1.17 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04 to 1.32) for white individuals and 1.20 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.41) for black individuals. Similarly, the overall hazard ratios per rs7901695 C allele were 1.19 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.34) for white individuals and 1.27 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.48) for black individuals. The FHS cohort supported these results: The rs7903146 T allele was significantly associated with lower estimated GFR (P = 0.01) and higher cystatin C (P = 0.004) in adjusted analyses overall and among those without diabetes. In the HAPI cohort, the rs7901695 C allele was significantly associated with lower estimated GFR in adjusted analyses (P = 0.049), as were several variants upstream and downstream of TCF7L2 (P < 0.003). No identified variant in the ARIC or FHS cohorts was associated with albuminuria. In conclusion, several population-based samples suggest that variants in the TCF7L2 gene are associated with reduced kidney function or CKD progression, overall and specifically among participants without diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology & Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Raitakari OT, Juonala M, Ronnemaa T, Keltikangas-Jarvinen L, Rasanen L, Pietikainen M, Hutri-Kahonen N, Taittonen L, Jokinen E, Marniemi J, Jula A, Telama R, Kahonen M, Lehtimaki T, Akerblom HK, Viikari JS. Cohort Profile: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Int J Epidemiol 2008; 37:1220-6. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dym225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 536] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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