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Zu X, Chen S, Li Z, Hao L, Fu W, Zhang H, Yin Z, Wang Y, Wang J. SPI1 activates mitochondrial unfolded response signaling to inhibit chondrocyte senescence and relieves osteoarthritis. Bone Res 2025; 13:47. [PMID: 40229258 PMCID: PMC11997156 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-025-00421-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2025] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 04/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Chondrocyte senescence is a critical pathological hallmark of osteoarthritis (OA). Aberrant mechanical stress is considered a pivotal determinant in chondrocyte aging; however, the precise underlying mechanism remains elusive. Our findings demonstrate that SPI1 plays a significant role in counteracting chondrocyte senescence and inhibiting OA progression. SPI1 binds to the PERK promoter, thereby promoting its transcriptional activity. Importantly, PERK, rather than GCN2, facilitates eIF2α phosphorylation, activating the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) and impeding chondrocyte senescence. Deficiency of SPI1 in mechanical overload-induced mice leads to diminished UPRmt activation and accelerated OA progression. Intra-articular injection of adenovirus vectors overexpressing SPI1 and PERK effectively mitigates cartilage degeneration. In summary, our study elucidates the crucial regulatory role of SPI1 in the pathogenesis of chondrocyte senescence by activating UPRmt signaling through PERK, which may present a novel therapeutic target for treating OA. SPI1 alleviates the progression of OA by inhibiting mechanical stress-induced chondrocyte senescence through mitochondrial UPR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Shenghong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhengyuan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Hao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenhan Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Zongsheng Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Wound Repair & Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Anhui, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Wang M, Chen Z, Tang Z, Tang S. Natural products derived from traditional Chinese medicines targeting ER stress for the treatment of kidney diseases. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2396446. [PMID: 39192602 PMCID: PMC11360642 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2396446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Various factors, both internal and external, can disrupt endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis and increase the burden of protein folding, resulting in ER stress. While short periods of ER stress can help cells return to normal function, excessive or prolonged ER stress triggers a complex signaling network that negatively affects cells. Numerous studies have demonstrated the significant role of ER stress in various kidney diseases, such as immune-related kidney injury, diabetic kidney diseases, renal ischemia reperfusion injury, and renal fibrosis. To date, there is a severe shortage of medications for the treatment of acute and chronic kidney diseases of all causes. Natural products derived from various traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), which are a major source of new drugs, have garnered considerable attention. Recent research has revealed that many natural products have renoprotective effects by targeting ER stress-mediated events, such as apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. This article provides a comprehensive review of the current research progress on natural products targeting ER stress for the treatment of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengping Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengtao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Ziru Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyun Tang
- GCP Center, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Zeng X, Zhang Y, Tian L, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Wu Z. Mitigation of ROS-triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress by upregulating Nrf2 retards diabetic nephropathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 721:149972. [PMID: 38772213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN), and it is often accompanied by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, the precise relationship between NFE2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), a key regulator of ROS balance, and ERS in DN remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the impact of Nrf2 on ERS and its therapeutic potential in DN. Herein, ERS-related changes, including increased activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), and transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression, were observed in the renal tissues of streptozotocin-induced DN mice and high glucose cultured human renal proximal tubular (HK-2) cells. Nrf2 knockdown increased the sensitivity of HK-2 cells to ERS under high glucose conditions, underscoring the regulatory role of Nrf2 in ERS modulation. Notably, upregulating Nrf2 in ezetimibe-treated diabetic mice restored ERS markers and ameliorated albuminuria, glomerular hypertrophy, mesangial expansion, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Furthermore, the inhibition of ERS in HK-2 cells by the ROS scavenger, N-acetylcysteine, highlights the interplay between ROS and ERS. This study, for the first time, elucidates that the upregulation of Nrf2 may alleviate the negative influence of ROS-mediated ERS, presenting a promising therapeutic avenue for delaying the progression of DN. These findings suggest a potential strategy for targeting Nrf2 and ERS in developing novel therapeutic interventions for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Ling Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021 China; Jinan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jingyun Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
| | - Zhongming Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021 China; Jinan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Cybulsky AV, Papillon J, Guillemette J, Navarro-Betancourt JR, Chung CF, Iwawaki T, Fantus IG. Deletion of IRE1α in podocytes exacerbates diabetic nephropathy in mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11718. [PMID: 38778209 PMCID: PMC11111796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62599-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein misfolding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of podocytes contributes to the pathogenesis of glomerular diseases. Protein misfolding activates the unfolded protein response (UPR), a compensatory signaling network. We address the role of the UPR and the UPR transducer, inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in mice. Diabetes caused progressive albuminuria in control mice that was exacerbated in podocyte-specific IRE1α knockout (KO) mice. Compared to diabetic controls, diabetic IRE1α KO mice showed reductions in podocyte number and synaptopodin. Glomerular ultrastructure was altered only in diabetic IRE1α KO mice; the major changes included widening of podocyte foot processes and glomerular basement membrane. Activation of the UPR and autophagy was evident in diabetic control, but not diabetic IRE1α KO mice. Analysis of human glomerular gene expression in the JuCKD-Glom database demonstrated induction of genes associated with the ER, UPR and autophagy in diabetic nephropathy. Thus, mice with podocyte-specific deletion of IRE1α demonstrate more severe diabetic nephropathy and attenuation of the glomerular UPR and autophagy, implying a protective effect of IRE1α. These results are consistent with data in human diabetic nephropathy and highlight the potential for therapeutically targeting these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Cybulsky
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Joan Papillon
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Guillemette
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - José R Navarro-Betancourt
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chen-Fang Chung
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Takao Iwawaki
- Department of Life Science, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - I George Fantus
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Zhang Z, Fu X, Zhou F, Zhang D, Xu Y, Fan Z, Wen S, Shao Y, Yao Z, He Y. Huaju Xiaoji Formula Regulates ERS-lncMGC/miRNA to Enhance the Renal Function of Hypertensive Diabetic Mice with Nephropathy. J Diabetes Res 2024; 2024:6942156. [PMID: 38282657 PMCID: PMC10821808 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6942156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Better therapeutic drugs are required for treating hypertensive diabetic nephropathy. In our previous study, the Huaju Xiaoji (HJXJ) formula promoted the renal function of patients with diabetes and hypertensive nephropathy. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect and regulation mechanism of HJXJ in hypertensive diabetic mice with nephropathy. Methods We constructed a mouse hypertensive diabetic nephropathy (HDN) model by treating mice with streptozotocin (STZ) and nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (LNAME). We also constructed a human glomerular mesangial cell (HGMC) model that was induced by high doses of sugar (30 mmol/mL) and TGFβ1 (5 ng/mL). Pathological changes were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining, and Masson staining. The fibrosis-related molecules (TGFβ1, fibronectin, laminin, COL I, COL IV, α-SMA, and p-smad2/3) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA levels and protein expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress, fibrosis molecules, and their downstream molecules were assessed using qPCR and Western blotting assays. Results Administering HJXJ promoted the renal function of HDN mice. HJXJ reduced the expression of ER stress makers (CHOP and GRP78) and lncMGC, miR379, miR494, miR495, miR377, CUGBP2, CPEB4, EDEM3, and ATF3 in HDN mice and model HGMCs. The positive control drugs (dapagliflozin and valsartan) also showed similar effects after treatment with HJXJ. Additionally, in model HGMCs, the overexpression of CHOP or lncMGC decreased the effects of HJXJ-M on the level of fibrosis molecules and downstream target molecules. Conclusion In this study, we showed that the HJXJ formula may regulate ERS-lncMGC/miRNA to enhance renal function in hypertensive diabetic mice with nephropathy. This study may act as a reference for further investigating whether combining HJXJ with other drugs can enhance its therapeutic effect. The findings of this study might provide new insights into the clinical treatment of hypertensive diabetic nephropathy with HJXJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Fengzhu Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Duanchun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yanqiu Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Zhaohua Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Shimei Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yanting Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Zheng Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yanming He
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
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Jo MJ, Lee JK, Kim JE, Ko GJ. Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Aging Kidneys and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16912. [PMID: 38069234 PMCID: PMC10707287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of the elderly population is making the need for extensive and advanced information about age-related organ dysfunction a crucial research area. The kidney is one of the organs most affected by aging. Aged kidneys undergo functional decline, characterized by a reduction in kidney size, decreased glomerular filtration rate, alterations in renal blood flow, and increased inflammation and fibrosis. This review offers a foundation for understanding the functional and molecular mechanisms of aging kidneys and for selecting identifying appropriate targets for future treatments of age-related kidney issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jee Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea; (M.-J.J.); (J.-K.L.); (J.-E.K.)
- Institute of Convergence New Drug Development, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Kyung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea; (M.-J.J.); (J.-K.L.); (J.-E.K.)
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea; (M.-J.J.); (J.-K.L.); (J.-E.K.)
| | - Gang-Jee Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea; (M.-J.J.); (J.-K.L.); (J.-E.K.)
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Zhu Q, Li G, Ma L, Chen B, Zhang D, Gao J, Deng S, Chen Y. Virgin Camellia Seed Oil Improves Glycolipid Metabolism in the Kidney of High Fat-Fed Rats through AMPK-SREBP Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:4888. [PMID: 38068746 PMCID: PMC10708295 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Camellia seed oil (CO) is used as edible oil in southern China because of its excellent fatty acid composition and abundant bioactive compounds. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common chronic degenerative diseases in China, and active compounds in vegetable oil, like virgin olive oil, have been demonstrated to be efficacious in the management of CKD. In this study, virgin CO was refined using a standard process. The refining had minimal impact on the fatty acid composition, but significantly reduced the presence of bioactive compounds like polyphenols in CO. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fed with high fat diet (Group G) were treated with either virgin (Group Z) or refined CO (Group R). The oral administration of CO alleviated lipid accumulation and decreased body and kidney weight gain. Furthermore, treatment with virgin CO increased the renal ATP content. The renal expression levels of AMPK and key enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation (CPT-1 and ACOX1) and glycolysis (HK, PFK, PK and GAPDH) were up-regulated in Group Z, thereby enhancing the ATP production. Virgin CO treatment downregulated the expression level of SREBP2 and its downstream target genes, such as ACC, FAS, and HMGCR, which reduced lipid synthesis. These findings indicate that virgin CO improves glycolipid metabolism and restores energy homeostasis in the kidneys of rats fed with a high-fat diet by modulating the AMPK-SREBP-signaling pathway, suggesting the potential of active compounds in virgin CO for managing the renal failure associated with glycolipid dysmetabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinhe Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Guihui Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Li Ma
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
| | - Bolin Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Jing Gao
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
| | - Senwen Deng
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Yongzhong Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
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8
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Viggiano D. Mechanisms of Diabetic Nephropathy Not Mediated by Hyperglycemia. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6848. [PMID: 37959313 PMCID: PMC10650633 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by the appearance of progressive kidney damage, which may progress to end-stage kidney disease. The control of hyperglycemia is usually not sufficient to halt this progression. The kidney damage is quantitatively and qualitatively different in the two forms of diabetes; the typical nodular fibrosis (Kimmelstiel Wilson nodules) appears mostly in type 1 DM, whereas glomerulomegaly is primarily present in type 2 obese DM. An analysis of the different metabolites and hormones in type 1 and type 2 DM and their differential pharmacological treatments might be helpful to advance the hypotheses on the different histopathological patterns of the kidneys and their responses to sodium/glucose transporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i).
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Viggiano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy
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9
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Arabshomali A, Bazzazzadehgan S, Mahdi F, Shariat-Madar Z. Potential Benefits of Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Type 2 Diabetes. Molecules 2023; 28:7209. [PMID: 37894687 PMCID: PMC10609456 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical relationship between diabetes and inflammation is well established. Evidence clearly indicates that disrupting oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium and elevated lipid peroxidation could be a potential mechanism for chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Under diabetic conditions, hyperglycemia, especially inflammation, and increased reactive oxygen species generation are bidirectionally associated. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue damage are believed to play a role in the development of diabetes. Although the exact mechanism underlying oxidative stress and its impact on diabetes progression remains uncertain, the hyperglycemia-inflammation-oxidative stress interaction clearly plays a significant role in the onset and progression of vascular disease, kidney disease, hepatic injury, and pancreas damage and, therefore, holds promise as a therapeutic target. Evidence strongly indicates that the use of multiple antidiabetic medications fails to achieve the normal range for glycated hemoglobin targets, signifying treatment-resistant diabetes. Antioxidants with polyphenols are considered useful as adjuvant therapy for their potential anti-inflammatory effect and antioxidant activity. We aimed to analyze the current major points reported in preclinical, in vivo, and clinical studies of antioxidants in the prevention or treatment of inflammation in T2DM. Then, we will share our speculative vision for future diabetes clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Arabshomali
- Department of Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (A.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Shadi Bazzazzadehgan
- Department of Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (A.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA;
| | - Zia Shariat-Madar
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA;
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10
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Wang L, Feng J, Deng Y, Yang Q, Wei Q, Ye D, Rong X, Guo J. CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Proteins in Fibrosis: Complex Roles Beyond Conventional Understanding. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2022; 2022:9891689. [PMID: 36299447 PMCID: PMC9575473 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9891689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of at least six identified transcription factors that contain a highly conserved basic leucine zipper domain and interact selectively with duplex DNA to regulate target gene expression. C/EBPs play important roles in various physiological processes, and their abnormal function can lead to various diseases. Recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that aberrant C/EBP expression or activity is closely associated with the onset and progression of fibrosis in several organs and tissues. During fibrosis, various C/EBPs can exert distinct functions in the same organ, while the same C/EBP can exert distinct functions in different organs. Modulating C/EBP expression or activity could regulate various molecular processes to alleviate fibrosis in multiple organs; therefore, novel C/EBPs-based therapeutic methods for treating fibrosis have attracted considerable attention. In this review, we will explore the features of C/EBPs and their critical functions in fibrosis in order to highlight new avenues for the development of novel therapies targeting C/EBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexun Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Feng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyue Deng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quxing Wei
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dewei Ye
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianglu Rong
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Navarro-Betancourt JR, Cybulsky AV. The IRE1α pathway in glomerular diseases: The unfolded protein response and beyond. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2022; 2:971247. [PMID: 39086958 PMCID: PMC11285563 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2022.971247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function is vital for protein homeostasis ("proteostasis"). Protein misfolding in the ER of podocytes (glomerular visceral epithelial cells) is an important contributor to the pathogenesis of human glomerular diseases. ER protein misfolding causes ER stress and activates a compensatory signaling network called the unfolded protein response (UPR). Disruption of the UPR, in particular deletion of the UPR transducer, inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) in mouse podocytes leads to podocyte injury and albuminuria in aging, and exacerbates injury in glomerulonephritis. The UPR may interact in a coordinated manner with autophagy to relieve protein misfolding and its consequences. Recent studies have identified novel downstream targets of IRE1α, which provide new mechanistic insights into proteostatic pathways. Novel pathways of IRE1α signaling involve reticulophagy, mitochondria, metabolism, vesicular trafficking, microRNAs, and others. Mechanism-based therapies for glomerulopathies are limited, and development of non-invasive ER stress biomarkers, as well as targeting ER stress with pharmacological compounds may represent a therapeutic opportunity for preventing or attenuating progression of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrey V. Cybulsky
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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12
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Regulation of the Homeostatic Unfolded Protein Response in Diabetic Nephropathy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040401. [PMID: 35455399 PMCID: PMC9030951 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of scientific evidence indicates that protein homeostasis, also designated as proteostasis, is causatively linked to chronic diabetic nephropathy (DN). Experimental studies have demonstrated that the insulin signaling in podocytes maintain the homeostatic unfolded protein response (UPR). Insulin signaling via the insulin receptor non-canonically activates the spliced X-box binding protein-1 (sXBP1), a highly conserved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transcription factor, which regulates the expression of genes that control proteostasis. Defective insulin signaling in mouse models of diabetes or the genetic disruption of the insulin signaling pathway in podocytes propagates hyperglycemia induced maladaptive UPR and DN. Insulin resistance in podocytes specifically promotes activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) dependent pathogenic UPR. Akin to insulin, recent studies have identified that the cytoprotective effect of anticoagulant serine protease-activated protein C (aPC) in DN is mediated by sXBP1. In mouse models of DN, treatment with chemical chaperones that improve protein folding provides an additional benefit on top of currently used ACE inhibitors. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that transmute renal cell specific adaptive responses and that deteriorate renal function in diabetes will enable researchers to develop new therapeutic regimens for DN. Within this review, we focus on the current understanding of homeostatic mechanisms by which UPR is regulated in DN.
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13
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Khan MF, Mathur A, Pandey VK, Kakkar P. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent activation of TRB3-FoxO1 signaling pathway exacerbates hyperglycemic nephrotoxicity: Protection accorded by Naringenin. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 917:174745. [PMID: 34998792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction contributes greatly to the pathophysiology of hyperglycemic nephrotoxicity. This study unravels the critical role of Tribbles 3 (TRB3)-Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) signaling pathway during hyperglycemic renal toxicity. It also uncovers the novel role of Naringenin, a flavanone, in regulating ER stress in proximal tubular cells, NRK 52E, and kidneys of streptozotocin/nicotinamide induced experimental diabetic Wistar rats. Results demonstrate that expression of ER stress marker proteins including phosphorylated protein kinase ER like kinase (p-PERK), phosphorylated eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2α (p-eIF2α), X Box Binding Protein 1 spliced (XBP1s), Activating Transcription Factor 4 (ATF4) and C/EBP Homologous Protein (CHOP) were upregulated in diabetic kidneys indicating the activation of ER stress response due to nephrotoxicity. Treatment with Naringenin reduced the expression of TRB3, an ER stress-inducible pseudokinase, both in vitro and in vivo. Gene silencing of TRB3 enhanced Akt and FoxO1 phosphorylation and alleviated FoxO1 mediated apoptosis during hyperglycemic nephrotoxicity. Notably, TRB3 gene silencing effects were comparable to the response with Naringenin treatment. Prevention of nuclear colocalization of ATF4 and CHOP in Naringenin treated cells was evident. Naringenin also reduced insulin resistance, apoptosis and glycogen accumulation along with enhancement of glucose tolerance in diabetic rats. Prevention of ultrastructural aberrations in the ER of hyperglycemic renal cells by Naringenin confirmed its anti-ER stress effects. These findings affirm that activation of TRB3-FoxO1 signaling is critical in the pathogenesis of hyperglycemia-induced renal toxicity and protective effect of Naringenin via modulation of ER stress may be exploited as a novel approach for its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Fareed Khan
- Herbal Research Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Alpana Mathur
- Herbal Research Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Pandey
- Herbal Research Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Poonam Kakkar
- Herbal Research Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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14
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Effect of Propionic Acid on Diabetes-Induced Impairment of Unfolded Protein Response Signaling and Astrocyte/Microglia Crosstalk in Rat Ventromedial Nucleus of the Hypothalamus. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:6404964. [PMID: 35103058 PMCID: PMC8800605 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6404964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim was to investigate the influence of propionic acid (PA) on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), unfolded protein response (UPR) state, and astrocyte/microglia markers in rat ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) after type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Male Wistar rats were divided: (1) control, (2) T2DM, and groups that received the following (14 days, orally): (3) metformin (60 mg/kg), (4) PA (60 mg/kg), and (5) PA+metformin. Western blotting, RT-PCR, transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemical staining were performed. Results We found T2DM-associated enlargement of ER cisterns, while drug administration slightly improved VMH ultrastructural signs of damage. GRP78 level was 2.1-fold lower in T2DM vs. control. Metformin restored GRP78 to control, while PA increased it by 2.56-fold and metformin+PA—by 3.28-fold vs. T2DM. PERK was elevated by 3.61-fold in T2DM, after metformin—by 4.98-fold, PA—5.64-fold, and metformin+PA—3.01-fold vs. control. A 2.45-fold increase in ATF6 was observed in T2DM. Metformin decreased ATF6 content vs. T2DM. Interestingly, PA exerted a more pronounced lowering effect on ATF6, while combined treatment restored ATF6 to control. IRE1 increased in T2DM (2.4-fold), metformin (1.99-fold), and PA (1.45-fold) groups vs. control, while metformin+PA fully normalized its content. The Iba1 level was upregulated in T2DM (5.44-fold) and metformin groups (6.88-fold). Despite PA treatment leading to a further 8.9-fold Iba1 elevation, PA+metformin caused the Iba1 decline vs. metformin and PA treatment. GFAP level did not change in T2DM but rose in metformin and PA groups vs. control. PA+metformin administration diminished GFAP vs. PA. T2DM-induced changes were associated with dramatically decreased ZO-1 levels, while PA treatment increased it almost to control values. Conclusions T2DM-induced UPR imbalance, activation of microglia, and impairments in cell integrity may trigger VMH dysfunction. Drug administration slightly improved ultrastructural changes in VMH, normalized UPR, and caused an astrocyte activation. PA and metformin exerted beneficial effects for counteracting diabetes-induced ER stress in VMH.
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15
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Demirel-Yalciner T, Sozen E, Ozer NK. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and miRNA Impairment in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 2:790702. [PMID: 35822008 PMCID: PMC9261320 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.790702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a physiological process defined by decreased cellular and tissue functions. Reduced capacity of protein degradation is one of the important hallmarks of aging that may lead to misfolded protein accumulation and progressive loss of function in organ systems. Recognition of unfolded/misfolded protein aggregates via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensors activates an adaptive mechanism, the unfolded protein response (UPR). The initial step of UPR is defined by chaperone enhancement, ribosomal translation suppression, and misfolded protein degradation, while prolonged ER stress triggers apoptosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs affecting various signaling pathways through degradation or translational inhibition of targeted mRNAs. Therefore, UPR and miRNA impairment in aging and age-related diseases is implicated in various studies. This review will highlight the recent insights in ER stress–miRNAs alterations during aging and age-related diseases, including metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases and several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erdi Sozen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Maltepe, Turkey
- Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center (GEMHAM), Marmara University, Maltepe, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Kartal Ozer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Maltepe, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Nesrin Kartal Ozer,
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16
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Shahzad K, Fatima S, Al-Dabet MM, Gadi I, Khawaja H, Ambreen S, Elwakiel A, Klöting N, Blüher M, Nawroth PP, Mertens PR, Michel S, Jaschinski F, Klar R, Isermann B. CHOP-ASO Ameliorates Glomerular and Tubular Damage on Top of ACE Inhibition in Diabetic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:3066-3079. [PMID: 34479965 PMCID: PMC8638397 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021040431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maladaptive endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is linked to increased glomerular and tubular expression of the cell-death-promoting transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). Here, we determined whether locked nucleic acid (LNA)-modified antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) targeting CHOP ameliorate experimental DKD. METHODS We determined the efficacy of CHOP-ASO in the early and late stages of experimental DKD (in 8- or 16-week-old db/db mice, respectively) alone or with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi), after an in vivo dose-escalation study. We used renal functional parameters and morphologic analyses to assess the effect of CHOP-ASO and renal gene-expression profiling to identify differentially regulated genes and pathways. Several human CHOP-ASOs were tested in hyperglycemia-exposed human kidney cells. RESULTS CHOP-ASOs efficiently reduced renal CHOP expression in diabetic mice and reduced markers of DKD at the early and late stages. Early combined intervention (CHOP-ASO and ACEi) efficiently prevented interstitial damage. At the later timepoint, the combined treatment reduced indices of both glomerular and tubular damage more efficiently than either intervention alone. CHOP-ASO affected a significantly larger number of genes and disease pathways, including reduced sodium-glucose transport protein 2 (Slc5a2) and PROM1 (CD133). Human CHOP-ASOs efficiently reduced glucose-induced CHOP and prevented death of human kidney cells in vitro . CONCLUSIONS The ASO-based approach efficiently reduced renal CHOP expression in a diabetic mouse model, providing an additional benefit to an ACEi, particularly at later timepoints. These studies demonstrate that ASO-based therapies efficiently reduce maladaptive CHOP expression and ameliorate experimental DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurrum Shahzad
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sameen Fatima
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany,Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Moh’d Mohanad Al-Dabet
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany,Department of Medical Laboratories, American University of Madaba, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ihsan Gadi
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hamzah Khawaja
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Saira Ambreen
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ahmed Elwakiel
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nora Klöting
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany,Medical Department III, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter P. Nawroth
- Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, German Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter R. Mertens
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sven Michel
- Secarna Pharmaceuticals GmbH & Co. KG, Planegg, Germany
| | | | - Richard Klar
- Secarna Pharmaceuticals GmbH & Co. KG, Planegg, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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17
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Ma N, Xu N, Yin D, Zheng P, Liu W, Wang G, Hui Y, Han G, Yang C, Cheng X. Levels of circulating GRP78 and CHOP in endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways in Chinese type 2 diabetic kidney disease patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26879. [PMID: 34414940 PMCID: PMC8376381 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate circulating glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) as well as CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) concentrations in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, especially those with microalbuminuria. We recruited 67 patients with T2DM and 63 control subjects. We determined circulating GRP78 and CHOP concentrations by ELISA, collected anthropometric data, and measured biochemical parameters in a clinical laboratory. Compared with control groups, patients with T2DM showed decreased circulating levels of GRP78 (0.21 [0.16-0.24] vs 0.16 [0.16-0.19] ng/mL, P < .01) and CHOP ([0.29 ± 0.02] vs [0.27 ± 0.03]ng/mL, P < .01). Reduction in circulating GRP78 and CHOP levels was more pronounced in patients with more severe categories of albuminuria. Amounts of circulating GRP78 correlated directly with serum fasting c-peptide, cystatin-c (Cys-c), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and uric acid, and inversely with glomerular filtration rates. Circulating CHOP level was positively correlated with age, Cr, BUN, Cys-c, and urinary microalbumin/creatinine (UmALB/Cr). Circulating GRP78 was predicted independently by Cr, BUN, serum uric acid, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and Cys-c, while CHOP depended on age, Cr, BUN, estimated glomerular filtration rate, UmALB/Cr, and Cys-c. After controlling for confounding factors, circulating GRP78 and CHOP expression were significantly associated with diabetic kidney disease (binary logistic regression, P < .01). Patients with T2DM showed increased circulating GRP78 and CHOP concentrations. Receiver operating characteristic areas under the curve for predicting diabetic kidney disease based on GRP78 and CHOP were 0.686 (95% CI: 0.558-0.813) and 0.670 (0.524-0.816), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lianyungang No1 People's Hospital, 6 Zhenghua Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lianyungang No1 People's Hospital, 6 Zhenghua Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Yin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lianyungang No1 People's Hospital, 6 Zhenghua Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lianyungang No1 People's Hospital, 6 Zhenghua Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lianyungang No1 People's Hospital, 6 Zhenghua Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guofeng Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lianyungang No1 People's Hospital, 6 Zhenghua Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Hui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lianyungang No1 People's Hospital, 6 Zhenghua Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanjun Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lianyungang No1 People's Hospital, 6 Zhenghua Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanhui Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lianyungang No1 People's Hospital, 6 Zhenghua Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingbo Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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18
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Chen JH, Wu CH, Chiang CK. Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Proteostasis in Kidney Disease and Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168674. [PMID: 34445377 PMCID: PMC8395452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological insults usually disturb the folding capacity of cellular proteins and lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which leads to so-called “ER stress”. Increasing evidence indicates that ER stress acts as a trigger factor for the development and progression of many kidney diseases. The unfolded protein responses (UPRs), a set of molecular signals that resume proteostasis under ER stress, are thought to restore the adaptive process in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal fibrosis. Furthermore, the idea of targeting UPRs for CKD treatment has been well discussed in the past decade. This review summarizes the up-to-date literature regarding studies on the relationship between the UPRs, systemic fibrosis, and renal diseases. We also address the potential therapeutic possibilities of renal diseases based on the modulation of UPRs and ER proteostasis. Finally, we list some of the current UPR modulators and their therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Huang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan; (J.-H.C.); (C.-H.W.)
| | - Chia-Hsien Wu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan; (J.-H.C.); (C.-H.W.)
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan; (J.-H.C.); (C.-H.W.)
- Department of Integrated Diagnostics & Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10672, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 88347)
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Sakashita M, Tanaka T, Inagi R. Metabolic Changes and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1143. [PMID: 34356375 PMCID: PMC8301131 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major cause of end-stage kidney disease, and it is crucial to understand the pathophysiology of DKD. The control of blood glucose levels by various glucose-lowering drugs, the common use of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, and the aging of patients with diabetes can alter the disease course of DKD. Moreover, metabolic changes and associated atherosclerosis play a major role in the etiology of DKD. The pathophysiology of DKD is largely attributed to the disruption of various cellular stress responses due to metabolic changes, especially an increase in oxidative stress. Therefore, many antioxidants have been studied as therapeutic agents. Recently, it has been found that NRF2, a master regulator of oxidative stress, plays a major role in the pathogenesis of DKD and bardoxolone methyl, an activator of NRF2, has attracted attention as a drug that increases the estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with DKD. This review outlines the altered stress responses of cellular organelles in DKD, their involvement in the pathogenesis of DKD, and discusses strategies for developing therapeutic agents, especially bardoxolone methyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Sakashita
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
| | - Tetsuhiro Tanaka
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
| | - Reiko Inagi
- Division of CKD Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
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20
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Lee HJ, Donati A, Feliers D, Sun Y, Ding Y, Madesh M, Salmon AB, Ikeno Y, Ross C, O'Connor CL, Ju W, Bitzer M, Chen Y, Choudhury GG, Singh BB, Sharma K, Kasinath BS. Chloride channel accessory 1 integrates chloride channel activity and mTORC1 in aging-related kidney injury. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13407. [PMID: 34118180 PMCID: PMC8282273 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of kidney injury in aging are not well understood. In order to identify hitherto unknown pathways of aging‐related kidney injury, we performed RNA‐Seq on kidney extracts of young and aged mice. Expression of chloride (Cl) channel accessory 1 (CLCA1) mRNA and protein was increased in the kidneys of aged mice. Immunostaining showed a marked increase in CLCLA1 expression in the proximal tubules of the kidney from aged mice. Increased kidney CLCA1 gene expression also correlated with aging in marmosets and in a human cohort. In aging mice, increased renal cortical CLCA1 content was associated with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) deficiency, which was ameliorated by administering sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a source of H2S. In order to study whether increased CLCA1 expression leads to injury phenotype and the mechanisms involved, stable transfection of proximal tubule epithelial cells overexpressing human CLCA1 (hCLCA1) was performed. Overexpression of hCLCA1 augmented Cl− current via the Ca++‐dependent Cl− channel TMEM16A (anoctamin‐1) by patch‐clamp studies. hCLCA1 overexpression also increased the expression of fibronectin, a matrix protein, and induced the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Mechanistic studies underlying these changes showed that hCLCA1 overexpression leads to inhibition of AMPK activity and stimulation of mTORC1 as cellular signaling determinants of injury. Both TMEM16A inhibitor and NaHS reversed these signaling events and prevented changes in fibronectin and SASP. We conclude that CLCA1‐TMEM16A‐Cl− current pathway is a novel mediator of kidney injury in aging that is regulated by endogenous H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak Joo Lee
- Department of Medicine Center for Renal Precision Medicine University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
| | - Andrew Donati
- Department of Medicine Center for Renal Precision Medicine University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
| | - Denis Feliers
- Department of Medicine Center for Renal Precision Medicine University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
| | - Yuyang Sun
- Department of Periodontics University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
| | - Yanli Ding
- Department of Pathology University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
| | - Muniswamy Madesh
- Department of Medicine Center for Renal Precision Medicine University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
| | - Adam B. Salmon
- Department of Molecular Medicine University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio TX USA
- Geriatric Research Education & Clinical Center South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio TX USA
| | - Yuji Ikeno
- Department of Pathology University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio TX USA
| | - Corinna Ross
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute Southwest National Primate Research Center San Antonio TX USA
- Department of Science and Mathematics Texas A&M University San Antonio San Antonio TX USA
| | | | - Wenjun Ju
- Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Markus Bitzer
- Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Yidong Chen
- Department of Population Health Sciences University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
| | - Goutam Ghosh Choudhury
- Department of Medicine Center for Renal Precision Medicine University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio TX USA
- Geriatric Research Education & Clinical Center South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio TX USA
| | - Brij B. Singh
- Department of Periodontics University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
| | - Kumar Sharma
- Department of Medicine Center for Renal Precision Medicine University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio TX USA
| | - Balakuntalam S. Kasinath
- Department of Medicine Center for Renal Precision Medicine University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies University of Texas Health San Antonio TX USA
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio TX USA
- Geriatric Research Education & Clinical Center South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio TX USA
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21
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BEKTUR AYKANAT NE, ŞAHİN E, KAÇAR S, BAĞCI R, KARAKAYA Ş, BURUKOĞLU DÖNMEZ D, ŞAHİNTÜRK V. Investigation of the effect of hyperthyroidism on endoplasmic reticulum stress and tran- sient receptor potential canonical 1 channel in the kidney. Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51:1554-1563. [PMID: 33754657 PMCID: PMC8283502 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2007-109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Hyperthyroidism is associated with results in increased glomerular filtration rate as well as increased renin-angio- tensin-aldosterone activation. The disturbance of Ca2+ homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is associated with many diseases, including diabetic nephropathy and hyperthyroidism. Transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) channel is the first cloned TRPC family protein. Although it is expressed in many places in the kidney, its function is uncertain. TRPC1 is involved in regulating Ca2+ homeostasis, and its upregulation increases ER Ca2+ level, activates the unfolded protein response, which leads to cellular damage in the kidney. This study investigated the role of TRPC1 in the kidneys of hyperthyroid rats in terms of ER stress markers that are gluco- se-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), (protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase) (PERK), Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1). Materials and methods Twenty male rats were assigned into control and hyperthyroid groups (n = 10). Hyperthyroidism was induced by adding 12 mg/L thyroxine into the drinking water of rats for 4 weeks. The serum-free T3 and T4 (fT3, fT4), TSH, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine levels were measured. The histochemical analysis of kidney sections for morphological changes and also im- munohistochemical and western blot analysis of kidney sections were performed for GRP78, ATF6, PERK, IRE1, TRPC1 antibodies. Results TSH, BUN, and creatinine levels decreased while fT3 and fT4 levels increased in the hyperthyroid rat. The morphologic analy- sis resulted in the capillary basal membrane thickening in glomeruli and also western blot, and immunohistochemical results showed an increase in TRPC1, GRP78, and ATF6 in the hyperthyroid rat (p < 0.05). Conclusion In conclusion, in our study, we showed for the first time that the relationship between ER stress and TRPC1, and their increased expression caused renal damage in hyperthyroid rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erhan ŞAHİN
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Osmangazi University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Sedat KAÇAR
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Osmangazi University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Rıdvan BAĞCI
- Department of IVF Unit Andrology Laboratory, Adana City Education and Research Hospital, AdanaTurkey
| | - Şerife KARAKAYA
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Osmangazi University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Dilek BURUKOĞLU DÖNMEZ
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Osmangazi University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Varol ŞAHİNTÜRK
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Osmangazi University, AnkaraTurkey
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22
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Wang Q, Nie L, Zhao P, Zhou X, Ding Y, Chen Q, Wang Q. Diabetes fuels periodontal lesions via GLUT1-driven macrophage inflammaging. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:11. [PMID: 33762572 PMCID: PMC7990943 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia induces chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging), which is a newly identified contributor to diabetes-related tissue lesions, including the inflammatory bone loss in periodontitis. It is also a secondary senescent pattern mediated by an increased burden of senescent cells and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Macrophage is a key SASP-spreading cell and may contribute to the maintenance of SASP response in the periodontal microenvironment. Using a transgenic diabetic model (BLKS/J-Leprdb/leprdb mice) we identified striking senescence of the periodontium in young (18-wk)-diabetic mice accompanied by amassed p16+-macrophages and enhanced early SASP response. Exposed to high glucose in vitro, bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) revealed a strong GLUT1 mRNA response driving the elevated-glucose uptake. GLUT1 is a representative and facilitative glucose transporter in macrophages with potential roles in hyperglycemia-induced inflammation. In this study, both GLUT1 and the downstream GTPase Rheb expression upregulated in the gingiva of diabetic mice with impaired condition. Furthermore, SASP release and p16/p21 signaling were proven to be triggered by mTOR phosphorylation in BMDM and antagonized by restricting glucose uptake in GLUT1-/- BMDM. Taken together, our findings suggest that elevated-GLUT1 sensor responded to high glucose is important for macrophage senescence and SASP response, generated as a result of hyperglycemia, and it is a potential molecular mechanism for the exacerbation of periodontitis in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lulingxiao Nie
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Ding
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Wang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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23
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Ma N, Xu N, Yin D, Zheng P, Liu W, Wang G, Hui Y, Zhang J, Han G, Yang C, Chen Y, Cheng X, Cheng M. Circulating microRNA-194 levels in Chinese patients with diabetic kidney disease: a case-control study. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2021; 12:20420188211049615. [PMID: 34676065 PMCID: PMC8524709 DOI: 10.1177/20420188211049615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and are involved in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) pathogenesis. We investigated circulating miRNA-194 levels as a biomarker of DKD prevalence and incidence, and the relationship between miRNA-194 and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP). METHODS We recruited 136 type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients at the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang and 127 healthy individuals. Circulating miRNA-194 and CHOP levels were measured using quantitative reverse transcription qRT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Anthropometric and biochemistry measurements were also made. RESULTS T2DM patients showed higher circulating miRNA-194 (p = 0.029) and lower circulating CHOP (p < 0.001) levels than controls. Circulating miRNA-194 levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients with a microalbumin/creatinine ratio (UmALB/Cr) ⩾ 300 mg/g (p < 0.001). In addition, there were significant intergroup differences in the circulating CHOP concentrations (p = 0.005). Bivariate analysis revealed that circulating miR-194 levels were negatively correlated with alpha-fetoprotein and CHOP levels (r = -0.222, -0.301; p = 0.018, 0.001, respectively), but positively correlated with fasting glucose, UmALB/Cr, Cr, Cystatin C, quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI) (r = 0.193, 0.446, 0.260, 0.339, and 0.250, respectively; p = 0.036, <0.001, 0.005, <0.001, and 0.006, respectively), particularly UmALB/Cr and Cystatin C (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis after adjusting for covariates associated with UmALB/Cr identified duration of T2DM, systolic blood pressure, Cr, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and waist circumference as independent factors associated with T2DM patients with UmALB/Cr > 300 (p = 0.030, 0.013, <0.001, <0.001, and 0.031, respectively). CONCLUSION Circulating miRNA-194 levels could be a novel biomarker for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Dong Yin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Guofeng Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yuan Hui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jiping Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Guanjun Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism,
The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Chuanhui Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism,
The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yiting Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Ming Cheng
- School of Rail Transportation, Soochow
University, 1 Shizi Road, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
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24
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Gil-Hernández A, Silva-Palacios A. Relevance of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria interactions in age-associated diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 64:101193. [PMID: 33069818 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the elixir of youth remains in the darkness, medical and scientific advances have succeeded in increasing human longevity; however, the predisposition to disease and its high economic cost are raising. Different strategies (e.g., antioxidants) and signaling pathways (e.g., Nrf2) have been identified to help regulate disease progression, nevertheless, there are still missing links that we need to understand. Contact sites called mitochondria-associated membranes (MAM) allow bi-directional communication between organelles as part of the essential functions in the cell to maintain its homeostasis. Different groups have deeply studied the role of MAM in aging; however, it's necessary to analyze their involvement in the progression of age-related diseases. In this review, we highlight the role of contact sites in these conditions, as well as the morphological and functional changes of mitochondria and ER in aging. We emphasize the intimate relationship between both organelles as a reflection of the biological processes that take place in the cell to try to regulate the deterioration characteristic of the aging process; proposing MAM as a potential target to help limit the disease progression with age.
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25
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Yuan Q, Xu T, Chen Y, Qu W, Sun D, Liu X, Sun L. MiR-185-5p ameliorates endoplasmic reticulum stress and renal fibrosis by downregulation of ATF6. J Transl Med 2020; 100:1436-1446. [PMID: 32514126 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-0447-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is considered an important factor in the formation of fibrosis. Therefore, modulation of ER stress may represent a promising therapeutic strategy in renal fibrosis. MiR-185-5p has been identified to be implicated in TGF-β1-induced renal fibrosis; however, it is largely unknown whether and how miR-185-5p regulates ER stress in renal fibrosis. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-185-5p directly bound to ATF6, an ER stress-related protein, and downregulated the expression thereof. We subsequently constructed an in vitro model of renal fibrosis using HK2 cells treated with TGF-β1, and found that miR-185-5p attenuated ER stress and dedifferentiation of tubular epithelia by suppression of ATF6. In addition, we constructed an in vivo mouse model using unilateral urethral obstruction (UUO). Our in vivo findings showed that miR-185-5p reduced the expression of ER stress-related proteins and inhibited epithelial dedifferentiation via downregulation of ATF6, thereby improving UUO-induced renal fibrosis. Overall, our findings revealed that miR-185-5p exerts beneficial effects in renal fibrosis. Thus, the miR-185-5p/ATF6 regulatory pathway may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention in renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhua Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Ricciardi CA, Gnudi L. The endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response in kidney disease: Implications for vascular growth factors. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12910-12919. [PMID: 33067928 PMCID: PMC7701511 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) represent an important challenge for healthcare providers. The identification of new biomarkers/pharmacological targets for kidney disease is required for the development of more effective therapies. Several studies have shown the importance of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the pathophysiology of AKI and CKD. ER is a cellular organelle devolved to protein biosynthesis and maturation, and cellular detoxification processes which are activated in response to an insult. This review aimed to dissect the cellular response to ER stress which manifests with activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) with its major branches, namely PERK, IRE1α, ATF6 and the interplay between ER and mitochondria in the pathophysiology of kidney disease. Further, we will discuss the relationship between mediators of renal injury (with specific focus on vascular growth factors) and ER stress and UPR in the pathophysiology of both AKI and CKD with the aim to propose potential new targets for treatment for kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Alberto Ricciardi
- King's College of London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Section Vascular Biology and Inflammation, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, London, UK
| | - Luigi Gnudi
- King's College of London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Section Vascular Biology and Inflammation, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, London, UK
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27
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Chen CC, Chang ZY, Tsai FJ, Chen SY. Resveratrol Pretreatment Ameliorates Concanavalin A-Induced Advanced Renal Glomerulosclerosis in Aged Mice through Upregulation of Sirtuin 1-Mediated Klotho Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186766. [PMID: 32942691 PMCID: PMC7554923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging kidneys are characterized by an increased vulnerability to glomerulosclerosis and a measurable decline in renal function. Evidence suggests that renal and systemic klotho and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) deficiencies worsen kidney damage induced by exogenous stresses. The aim of this study was to explore whether resveratrol would attenuate concanavalin A (Con A)-induced renal oxidative stress and advanced glomerulosclerosis in aged mice. Aged male C57BL/6 mice were treated orally with resveratrol (30 mg/kg) seven times (12 h intervals) prior to the administration of a single tail-vein injection of Con A (20 mg/kg). The plasma and urinary levels of kidney damage markers were evaluated. The kidney histopathology, renal parameters, and oxidative stress levels were measured. Furthermore, klotho was downregulated in mouse kidney mesangial cells that were pretreated with 25 µM resveratrol followed by 20 µg/mL Con A. The urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, blood urea nitrogen, kidney mesangial matrix expansion, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and renal levels of α-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor beta, fibronectin, procollagen III propeptide, and collagen type I significantly increased in Con A-treated aged mice. Aged mice kidneys also showed markedly increased levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), with reduced superoxide dismutase activity and levels of glutathione, klotho, and SIRT1 after Con A challenge. Furthermore, in kidney mesangial cells, klotho silencing abolished the effects of resveratrol on the Con A-mediated elevation of the indices of oxidative stress and the expression of glomerulosclerosis-related factors. These findings suggest that resveratrol protects against Con A-induced advanced glomerulosclerosis in aged mice, ameliorating renal oxidative stress via the SIRT1-mediated klotho expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chang Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (Z.-Y.C.)
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Yu Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (Z.-Y.C.)
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Genetics Center, Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yin Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Genetics Center, Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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28
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Pathomthongtaweechai N, Chutipongtanate S. AGE/RAGE signaling-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and future prospects in non-coding RNA therapeutics for diabetic nephropathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110655. [PMID: 32853909 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbance of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis triggered by the accumulation of unfolded proteins and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) plays a major role in pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy. Activation of receptor for AGEs (RAGE) stimulates NADPH oxidase-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, leading to ER stress, inflammation, glomerular hypertrophy, podocyte injury, and renal fibrosis. A growing body of evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) could rescue ER stress and renal inflammation by the epigenetic modification. This review summarizes ncRNA regulation in AGE/RAGE signaling-mediated ER stress, and discusses the opportunities and challenges of ncRNA-loaded extracellular vesicle therapy in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutthapoom Pathomthongtaweechai
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, 10540, Thailand.
| | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Pediatric Translational Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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29
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Yurre ARDE, Martins EGL, Lopez-Alarcon M, Cabral B, Vera N, Lopes JA, Galina A, Takiya CM, Lindoso RS, Vieyra A, SÁenz OC, Medei E. Type 2 diabetes mellitus alters cardiac mitochondrial content and function in a non-obese mice model. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20191340. [PMID: 32813865 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020191340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increase of premature appearance of several disorders such as cardiac complications. Thus, we test the hypothesis that a combination of a high fat diet (HFD) and low doses of streptozotocin (STZ) recapitulate a suitable mice model of T2DM to study the cardiac mitochondrial disturbances induced by this disease. Animals were divided in 2 groups: the T2DM group was given a HFD and injected with 2 low doses of STZ, while the CNTRL group was given a standard chow and a buffer solution. The combination of HFD and STZ recapitulate the T2DM metabolic profile showing higher blood glucose levels in T2DM mice when compared to CNTRL, and also, insulin resistance. The kidney structure/function was preserved. Regarding cardiac mitochondrial function, in all phosphorylative states, the cardiac mitochondria from T2DM mice presented reduced oxygen fluxes when compared to CNTRL mice. Also, mitochondria from T2DM mice showed decreased citrate synthase activity and lower protein content of mitochondrial complexes. Our results show that in this non-obese T2DM model, which recapitulates the classical metabolic alterations, mitochondrial function is impaired and provides a useful model to deepen study the mechanisms underlying these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainhoa R DE Yurre
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eduarda G L Martins
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Micaela Lopez-Alarcon
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cabral
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Narendra Vera
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jarlene A Lopes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antonio Galina
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Christina M Takiya
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael S Lindoso
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Vieyra
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Oscar C SÁenz
- Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade do País Vasco (UPV-EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Emiliano Medei
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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30
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Gowd V, Kang Q, Wang Q, Wang Q, Chen F, Cheng KW. Resveratrol: Evidence for Its Nephroprotective Effect in Diabetic Nephropathy. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:1555-1568. [PMID: 32577714 PMCID: PMC7666903 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Dietary habits play a major role in determining the onset and progression of DM-related disorders and a proper diet (rich in fruits and vegetables) can delay or prevent the process of DM pathogenesis. Thus, increasing attention has been paid to polyphenols and polyphenol-rich foods since their increased intake has been associated with a reduced incidence of DM and its associated complications. Resveratrol is a polyphenolic phytoalexin that is mainly found in grapevines and berries. It is available in various pharmaceutical dosages and is widely recommended as a dietary supplement due to its beneficial effects. Remarkably, resveratrol's capability to effectively lower blood glucose levels without any side effects has been amply demonstrated in many in vitro and in vivo studies. Herein, we comprehensively review and discuss the nephroprotective effect of resveratrol during DN and its associated mechanisms. Resveratrol exerts its nephroprotective effects via various mechanisms including reducing oxidative stress and advanced glycation end-product (AGE) production, stimulating autophagy, inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation, ameliorating lipotoxicity, activating the AMP kinase (AMPK) pathway, and modulating angiogenesis. Moreover, the use of resveratrol as an adjuvant to conventional antidiabetic therapies could be an effective approach to manage DN in humans. However, evidence is scarce to support whether resveratrol has beneficial effects in humans during DN. Therefore, clinical studies are warranted to elucidate resveratrol's role against DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vemana Gowd
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China,Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qingzheng Kang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China,Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China,Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China,Institute for Food and Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China,Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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He C, Liu G, Zhuang S, Zhang J, Chen Y, Li H, Huang Z, Zheng Y. Yu Nu Compound Regulates Autophagy and Apoptosis Through mTOR in vivo and vitro. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2081-2092. [PMID: 32606867 PMCID: PMC7308788 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s253494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Yu Nu compound (YNJ) is a traditional Chinese medicine widely utilized to treat type 2 diabetes possibly through mediating autophagy. Abnormal podocyte autophagy and apoptosis could result in podocyte loss in diabetics nephropathy (DN). The mechanism of Yu Nu compound in DN is still unclear. Therefore, the study aims to investigate the effects of Yu Nu compound and analyze the potential mechanism. METHODS Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats were administered using YNJ with different doses once a day by gavage for 4 weeks. The renal cortex injury was observed by HE staining and electron microscope. Cell apoptosis of renal cortex was analyzed by TUNNEL staining. The mTOR, autophagy-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blot or real-time PCR in vivo and vitro. MPC5 cells were exposed to high glucose (HG, 30mM) for 12h to simulate podocyte injury in DN. MPC5 cells were treated by serum containing YNJ with different dosages. Cell activities and apoptosis were, respectively, detected through Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay and flow cytometry. RESULTS The results showed that the medium dose of YNJ had better effects on decreasing blood glucose and improving renal injury in GK rats, followed by decreasing mTOR levels. The autophagy levels were enhanced in renal cortex, accompanied with the increase of cell apoptosis in vivo. Besides, the proteins regulating autophagy and apoptosis were significantly modulated by YNJ in GK rats. Then, we found that the decreasing endogenous mTOR could reverse the effects of YNJ on podocyte apoptosis and autophagy in vivo. DISCUSSION The study suggested that YNJ recovered normal autophagy and suppressed apoptosis through regulating mTOR. The maintenance of normal basal autophagic activity possibly based on the effect of YNJ on multiple target was essential for maintaining podocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caigu He
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Caigu He Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People’s Republic of China Email
| | - Guang Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuting Zhuang
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangtao Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hetian Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengping Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, People's Republic of China
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Duan M, Yang Y, Peng S, Liu X, Zhong J, Guo Y, Lu M, Nie H, Ren B, Zhang X, Liu L. C/EBP Homologous Protein (CHOP) Activates Macrophages and Promotes Liver Fibrosis in Schistosoma japonicum-Infected Mice. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:5148575. [PMID: 31886304 PMCID: PMC6914929 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5148575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CCAAT/enhancer-binding homologous protein (CHOP), a transcriptional regulator induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) is a pivotal factor in the ER stress-mediated apoptosis pathway. Previous studies have shown that CHOP is involved in the formation of fibrosis in a variety of tissues and is associated with alternative macrophage activation. The role of CHOP in the pathologic effects of liver fibrosis in schistosomiasis has not been reported, and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study is aimed at understanding the effect of CHOP on liver fibrosis induced by Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) in vivo and clarifying its mechanism. C57BL/6 mice were infected with cercariae of S. japonicum through the abdominal skin. The liver fibrosis was examined. The level of IL-13 was observed. The expressions of CHOP, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6), phosphorylation STAT6, interleukin-13 receptor alpha 1 (IL-13Rα1), and interleukin-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Rα) were analysed. The eosinophilic granuloma and collagen deposition were found around the eggs in mice infected for 6 and 10 weeks. IL-13 in plasma and IL-13Rα1 and IL-4Rα in liver tissue were significantly increased. The phosphorylated STAT6 was enhanced while Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) was decreased in liver tissue. The expression of CHOP and colocalization of CHOP and CD206 were increased. Overall, these results suggest that CHOP plays a critical role in hepatic fibrosis induced by S. japonicum, likely through promoting alternative activation of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Duan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Shuang Peng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Jixin Zhong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Yurong Guo
- Department of Medical Imaging, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Min Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Hao Nie
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Boxu Ren
- Department of Medical Imaging, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Xiangzhi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
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Shen H, Ming Y, Xu C, Xu Y, Zhao S, Zhang Q. Deregulation of long noncoding RNA (TUG1) contributes to excessive podocytes apoptosis by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress in the development of diabetic nephropathy. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15123-15133. [PMID: 30671964 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of how TUG1 interferes with the expression of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), which contributes to the development of diabetic nephropathy. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were performed to explore the regulatory relationship among TUG1, CHOP, PGC-1α, and caspase-3. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling was performed to confirm TUG1 involved in diabetic nephropathy (DN) through influencing podocytes apoptosis. TUG1 was highly expressed in a cell following treatment with high glucose, and PGC-1α and cleaved caspase-3 levels were much lower, while CHOP level was much higher in high glucose group (HG), furthermore, CHOP inhibited PGC-1α expression. TUG1 negatively regulated CHOP expression, and positively regulated PGC-1α expression. Meanwhile, total caspase-3 level in cell treated with or without HG transfected with CHOP small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA), TUG1, and TUG1 siRNA showed no evident difference with their corresponding control, while CHOP siRNA and TUG1 evidently decreased, and TUG1 siRNA remarkably increased cleaved caspase-3 level in HG or normal glucose groups in comparison with corresponding control. TUG1 and PGC-1α levels were much lower, while CHOP level was much higher in participants diagnosed with DN. A higher level of CHOP protein and lower level of PGC-1α were observed in subjects diagnosed with DN. Finally, podocytes apoptosis in the DN group was significantly promoted compared with that in nondiabetic renal disease group. Our current study has suggested for the first time that the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) TUG1 influenced podocytes apoptosis via mediating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-CHOP-PGC-1α signaling pathway in HG-induced DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchun Shen
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Ming
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chuanlan Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanwen Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Excessive Oxidative Stress Contributes to Increased Acute ER Stress Kidney Injury in Aged Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2746521. [PMID: 30809321 PMCID: PMC6369482 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2746521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The aged kidney is susceptible to acute injury due presumably to its decreased ability to handle additional challenges, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This was tested by giving tunicamycin, an ER stress inducer, to either old or young mice. Injection of high dose caused renal failure in old mice, not in young mice. Moreover, injection of low dose resulted in severe renal damage in old mice, confirming the increased susceptibility of aged kidney to ER stress. There existed an abnormality in ER stress response kinetics in aged kidney, characterized by a loss of XBP-1 splicing and decreased PERK-eIF2α phosphorylation at late time point. The presence of excessive oxidative stress in aged kidney may play a role since high levels of oxidation increased ER stress-induced cell death and decreased IRE1 levels and XBP-1 splicing. Importantly, treatment with antioxidants protected old mice from kidney injury and normalized IRE1 and XBP-1 responses. Furthermore, older mice (6 months old) transgenic with antioxidative stress AGER1 were protected from ER stress-induced kidney injury. In conclusion, the decreased ability to handle ER stress, partly due to the presence of excessive oxidative stress, may contribute to increased susceptibility of the aging kidney to acute injury.
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Li Y, Xu K, Xu K, Chen S, Cao Y, Zhan H. Roles of Identified Long Noncoding RNA in Diabetic Nephropathy. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:5383010. [PMID: 30891461 PMCID: PMC6390257 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5383010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the leading chronic disease in the world, and diabetic nephropathy (DN) as one of its complications could increase the mortality. The development of DN is associated to abnormal hemodynamic factors like cytokine networks and the intervention of metabolic risk factors like blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipid. However, the pathogenesis of DN is still poorly understood. Although glucose-lowering drugs and insulins have significant effects on blood glucose, the fluctuation of blood glucose or other risk factors could continuously damage the kidney. Recent studies reported that the progression of DN is closely related to the expression of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), which is important for the early diagnosis and targeted intervention of DN. In this review, we briefly summarize the published studies on the functions and potential mechanism of reported lncRNA in the regulation of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075 Sichuan, China
| | - Keyang Xu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang, China
| | - Kechen Xu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Sixiang Chen
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifang Cao
- The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, 314001 Zhejiang, China
| | - Huakui Zhan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075 Sichuan, China
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Estébanez B, de Paz JA, Cuevas MJ, González-Gallego J. Endoplasmic Reticulum Unfolded Protein Response, Aging and Exercise: An Update. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1744. [PMID: 30568599 PMCID: PMC6290262 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a dynamic and multifunctional organelle responsible for protein biosynthesis, folding, assembly and modifications. Loss of protein folding regulation, which leads to unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulation inside the ER lumen, drives ER stress (ERS) and unfolded protein response (UPR) activation. During aging, there is a decline in the ability of the cell to handle protein folding, accumulation and aggregation, and the function of UPR is compromised. There is a progressive failure of the chaperoning systems and a decline in many of its components, so that the UPR activation cannot rescue the ERS. Physical activity has been proposed as a powerful tool against aged-related diseases, which are linked to ERS. Interventional studies have demonstrated that regular exercise is able to decrease oxidative stress and inflammation and reverse mitochondrial and ER dysfunctions. Exercise-induced metabolic stress could activate the UPR since muscle contraction is directly involved in its activation, mediating exercise-induced adaptation responses. In fact, regular moderate-intensity exercise-induced ERS acts as a protective mechanism against current and future stressors. However, biological responses vary according to exercise intensity and therefore induce different degrees of ERS and UPR activation. This article reviews the effects of aging and exercise on ERS and UPR, also analyzing possible changes induced by different types of exercise in elderly subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José A de Paz
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - María J Cuevas
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
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Shu S, Zhu J, Liu Z, Tang C, Cai J, Dong Z. Endoplasmic reticulum stress is activated in post-ischemic kidneys to promote chronic kidney disease. EBioMedicine 2018; 37:269-280. [PMID: 30314894 PMCID: PMC6286638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) may lead to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), i.e. AKI-CKD transition, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is characterized by the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in ER resulting in a cellular stress response. The role of ER stress in AKI-CKD transition remains unknown. Methods In this study, we examined ER stress in the mouse model of AKI-CKD transition after unilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (uIR). To determine the role of ER stress in AKI-CKD transition, we tested the effects of two chemical chaperones: Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) and 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA). Findings uIR led to the induction of ER stress in kidneys, as indicated by increased expression of UPR molecules CHOP (C/EBP homologous protein) and BiP(binding immunoglobulin protein; also called GRP78–78 kDa glucoseregulated protein). Given at 3 days after uIR, both TUDCA and 4-PBA blocked ER stress in post-ischemic kidneys. Notably, both chemicals promoted renal recovery and suppressed tubulointerstitial injury as manifested by the reduction of tubular atrophy, renal fibrosis and myofibroblast activation. Inhibition of ER stress further attenuated renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, inflammation and autophagy in post-ischemic kidneys. Interpretation These findings suggest that ER stress contributes critically to the development of chronic kidney pathologies and CKD following AKI, and inhibition of ER stress may represent a potential therapeutic strategy to impede AKI-CKD transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqun Shu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiefu Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Zhiwen Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengyuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Grosjean F, Yubero-Serrano EM, Zheng F, Esposito V, Swamy S, Elliot SJ, Cai W, Vlassara H, Salem F, Striker GE. Pharmacologic control of oxidative stress and inflammation determines whether diabetic glomerulosclerosis progresses or decreases: A pilot study in sclerosis-prone mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204366. [PMID: 30252878 PMCID: PMC6155507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is characterized by progressive glomerulosclerosis (GS). ROP mice have a sclerosis-prone phenotype. However, they develop severe, rapidly progressive GS when rendered diabetic. Since GS also develops in aged C57Bl6 mice, and can be reversed using bone marrow from young mice which have lower oxidative stress and inflammation (OS/Infl), we postulated that this might also apply to DKD. Therefore, this pilot study asked whether reducing OS/Infl in young adult sclerosis-prone (ROP) diabetic mice leads to resolution of existing GS in early DKD using safe, FDA-approved drugs.After 4 weeks of stable streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia 8-12 week-old female mice were randomized and treated for 22 weeks as follows: 1) enalapril (EN) (n = 8); 2) pyridoxamine (PYR)+EN (n = 8); 3) pentosan polysulfate (PPS)+EN (n = 7) and 4) PPS+PYR+EN (n = 7). Controls were untreated (non-DB, n = 7) and hyperglycemic (DB, n = 8) littermates. PPS+PYR+EN reduced albuminuria and reversed GS in DB. Treatment effects: 1) Anti-OS/Infl defenses: a) PPS+PYR+EN increased the levels of SIRT1, Nrf2, estrogen receptor α (ERα) and advanced glycation endproduct-receptor1 (AGER1) levels; and b) PYR+EN increased ERα and AGER1 levels. 2) Pro-OS/Infl factors: a) PPS+PYR+EN reduced sTNFR1, b) all except EN reduced MCP1, c) RAGE was reduced by all treatments. In summary, PYR+PPS+EN modulated GS in sclerosis-prone hyperglycemic mice. PYR+PPS+EN also decreased albuminuria, OS/Infl and the sclerosis-prone phenotype. Thus, reducing OS/Infl may reverse GS in early diabetes in patients, and albuminuria may allow early detection of the sclerosis-prone phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Grosjean
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena M. Yubero-Serrano
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Feng Zheng
- Division of Nephrology and Basic Science Laboratory, Union Hospital Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Vittoria Esposito
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Fondazione IRCCS Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Shobha Swamy
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Sharon J. Elliot
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Weijing Cai
- Division of Experimental Diabetes and Aging, Department of Geriatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Helen Vlassara
- Division of Experimental Diabetes and Aging, Department of Geriatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Fadi Salem
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, Annenberg 15–235, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Gary E. Striker
- Division of Experimental Diabetes and Aging, Department of Geriatrics and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
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Xu YP, Sui XL, Zhang AS, Ye L, Gu FJ, Chen JH. Monocytes, endoplasmic reticulum stress and metabolomics in dogs with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome treated by continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration. Oncotarget 2018; 8:34992-35008. [PMID: 28380442 PMCID: PMC5471029 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We tried to investigate the mechanism of continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) treatment in monocytes function, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling pathways, metabolomics and histopathological changes of MODS dogs, and aimed to enhance the understanding of pathogenesis and provide novel avenues to potential therapies. METHODS 12 male Beagle dogs were used to develop the stable models of MODS by using hemorrhagic shock plus resuscitation and endotoxemia, and assigned randomly to CVVHDF group (n=6) and MODS group (n=6). The dogs in CVVHDF group were given the typical CVVHDF treatment for 24h after the completion of endotoxin intravenous infusion, while those in MODS group were offered the i.v heparin instead only. Serum sample were collected at five time points, i.e. before anesthesia, 0h, 6h, 12h and 24h after the endotoxin injection (T1~T5, respectively), and meanwhile, the changes of mRNA, protein and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) apoptosis rates in JNK, CHOP and Caspase-12 were observed before and after interfered by RNA interference technology. RESULTS The levels of DLA-DR, IL-1β and IL-4 were higher than those in MODS group after the CVVHDF treatment, and the early and late apoptosis rates showed downward trend compared with MODS group. In vitro and prior to RNA interference (RNAi), the levels of mRNA and protein expression and HUVECs apoptosis rates of JNK, CHOP and Caspase-12 in CVVHDF group were significantly lower compared to T1 and MODS group respectively. However, the levels of mRNA and protein expression and HUVECs apoptosis rates were significantly lower than those before interfered by RNAi in both two groups. The serum levels of LPCs, ornithine, proline, methionine, etc. were down-regulated while carnitines, FFAs, PC, etc. were increased significantly in MODS (T4), and the serum levels of methionine, proline, arginine and lysine were increased while carnitine, LPCs, PCs, SMs and orthophosporic acid were decreased after 12 hours CVVHDF treatment (T4). CONCLUSION CVVHDF treatment could reduce the apoptosis of the cells by enhancing the antigen presentation, improving the anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory imbalance and even correcting the metabolic disorder of amino acids and phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Peng Xu
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Sui
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, China
| | - Ai-Sha Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, China
| | - Feng-Juan Gu
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, China
| | - Ji-Hong Chen
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, China
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The Function of SDF-1-CXCR4 Axis in SP Cells-Mediated Protective Role for Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by SHH/GLI1-ABCG2 Pathway. Shock 2018; 47:251-259. [PMID: 27454381 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury ranks as the primary cause of acute renal injury with severe morbidity and mortality. Side population (SP) cells have recently drawn increasing attention due to their critical role in injury repair and regeneration. Unfortunately, the underlying mechanism involved in renal I/R remains poorly elucidated. Here, pronounced increases of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) were substantiated in I/R kidneys from C57BL/6 mice subjected to clamp the bilateral renal pedicles to mimic renal ischemia. Similar up-regulation of them was also determined in SP cells upon simulated ischemia/reperfusion (SI/R). In contrast to non-SP cells, SP cells exhibited higher viability, apoptosis resistance, chemotaxis, and paracrine actions following SI/R treatment, and these were further enhanced after SDF-1 stimulation. Interestingly, blocking CXCR4 signaling with AMD3100 notably ameliorated the above effects. Mechanism analysis corroborated that SDF-1/CXCR4 further induced the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2, an essential element for SP-mediated kidney regeneration after renal I/R injury. Moreover, AMD3100 pretreatment strikingly attenuated ABCG2 elevation in SP cells. Additionally, sonic hedgehog (SHH)-Gli 1 signaling was involved in SDF-1/CXCR4-mediated ABCG2 expression. When SP cells pretreated with AMD3100 were intravenously injected into I/R mice, SP cell-mediated decreases in blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and histological score of kidney were noticeably attenuated, indicating that blocking CXCR4 pathway mitigated the therapeutic function of SP cells in renal I/R injury. Together, this research suggests that SDF-1/CXCR4 axis might act, via Shh-Gli1-ABCG2 signaling, as a positive regulator of SP cell-based therapies for renal I/R by Shh-Gli 1-ABCG2 signaling.
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Yang D, Livingston MJ, Liu Z, Dong G, Zhang M, Chen JK, Dong Z. Autophagy in diabetic kidney disease: regulation, pathological role and therapeutic potential. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:669-688. [PMID: 28871310 PMCID: PMC5771948 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease, a leading cause of end-stage renal disease, has become a serious public health problem worldwide and lacks effective therapies. Autophagy is a highly conserved lysosomal degradation pathway that removes protein aggregates and damaged organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis. As important stress-responsive machinery, autophagy is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Emerging evidence has suggested that dysregulated autophagy may contribute to both glomerular and tubulointerstitial pathologies in kidneys under diabetic conditions. This review summarizes the recent findings regarding the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease and highlights the regulation of autophagy by the nutrient-sensing pathways and intracellular stress signaling in this disease. The advances in our understanding of autophagy in diabetic kidney disease will facilitate the discovery of a new therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of this life-threatening diabetes complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Man J Livingston
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Zhiwen Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guie Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Jian-Kang Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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Kropski JA, Blackwell TS. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathogenesis of fibrotic disease. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:64-73. [PMID: 29293089 DOI: 10.1172/jci93560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells contain an elegant protein quality control system that is crucial in maintaining cellular homeostasis; however, dysfunction of this system results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Severe or prolonged ER stress is associated with the development of degenerative and fibrotic disorders in multiple organs, as evidenced by the identification of disease-causing mutations in epithelial-restricted genes that lead to protein misfolding or mistrafficking in familial fibrotic diseases. Emerging evidence implicates ER stress and UPR signaling in a variety of profibrotic mechanisms in individual cell types. In epithelial cells, ER stress can induce apoptosis, inflammatory signaling, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In other cell types, ER stress is linked to myofibroblast activation, macrophage polarization, and T cell differentiation. ER stress-targeted therapies have begun to emerge using approaches that range from global enhancement of chaperone function to selective targeting of activated ER stress sensors and other downstream mediators. As the complex regulatory mechanisms of this system are further clarified, there are opportunities to develop new disease-modifying therapeutic strategies in a wide range of chronic fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Kropski
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Timothy S Blackwell
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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43
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Zhou Y, Yu J, Liu J, Cao R, Su W, Li S, Ye S, Zhu C, Zhang X, Xu H, Chen H, Zhang X, Guan Y. Induction of cytochrome P450 4A14 contributes to angiotensin II-induced renal fibrosis in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1864:860-870. [PMID: 29277328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (AngII) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and associated renal injuries. To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which AngII induces renal damage, we found that AngII infusion significantly induced CYP4A14 expression in renal proximal tubule cells (RPTCs) with marked increases in blood pressure and proteinuria. Renal production of the major CYP4A metabolite, 20-HETE, was also significantly increased in the AngII-treated mice. Compared to wild-type (WT) mice, CYP4A14 knockout (CYP4A14-/-) mice exhibited significantly lower levels of blood pressure, renal 20-HETE production, proteinuria and renal fibrosis following AngII infusion. Furthermore, AngII-induced renal expression of profibrotic genes and proinflammatory genes was significantly attenuated in CYP4A14-/- mice. In vitro studies using cultured RPTCs demonstrated that AngII significantly induced CYP4A14 expression and 20-HETE production via the MAPK signaling pathway. AngII treatment increased TGF-β and collagen expression, which was attenuated by the CYP4A inhibitor, TS-011. Moreover, 20-HETE treatment potently induced CYP4A14 expression and TGF-β and collagen levels. Collectively, these findings suggest that attenuated renal fibrosis in AngII-treated CYP4A14-/- mice may result from both reduced systemic blood pressure and renal 20-HETE production. Therefore, CYP4A14 may represent a useful target for the treatment of AngII-associated renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Zhou
- AstraZeneca-Shenzhen University Joint Institute of Nephrology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jingwei Yu
- AstraZeneca-Shenzhen University Joint Institute of Nephrology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jia Liu
- AstraZeneca-Shenzhen University Joint Institute of Nephrology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Rong Cao
- AstraZeneca-Shenzhen University Joint Institute of Nephrology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China; Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518039, China
| | - Wen Su
- AstraZeneca-Shenzhen University Joint Institute of Nephrology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, China
| | - Shiqi Ye
- AstraZeneca-Shenzhen University Joint Institute of Nephrology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chenggang Zhu
- Asia & Emerging Markets Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca R&D, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Asia & Emerging Markets Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca R&D, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hu Xu
- Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Youfei Guan
- AstraZeneca-Shenzhen University Joint Institute of Nephrology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China; Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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44
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Yang Y, Liu L, Naik I, Braunstein Z, Zhong J, Ren B. Transcription Factor C/EBP Homologous Protein in Health and Diseases. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1612. [PMID: 29230213 PMCID: PMC5712004 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), known also as DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 and as growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 153 (GADD153), is induced in response to certain stressors. CHOP is universally acknowledged as a main conduit to endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis. Ongoing research established the existence of CHOP-mediated apoptosis signaling networks, for which novel downstream targets are still being determined. However, there are studies that contradict this notion and assert that apoptosis is not the only mechanism by which CHOP plays in the development of pathologies. In this review, insights into the roles of CHOP in pathophysiology are summarized at the molecular and cellular levels. We further focus on the newest advances that implicate CHOP in human diseases including cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, and notably, fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Ishan Naik
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zachary Braunstein
- Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Jixin Zhong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Boxu Ren
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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45
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Cybulsky AV. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, the unfolded protein response and autophagy in kidney diseases. Nat Rev Nephrol 2017; 13:681-696. [DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2017.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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46
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Hodes RJ, Sierra F, Austad SN, Epel E, Neigh GN, Erlandson KM, Schafer MJ, LeBrasseur NK, Wiley C, Campisi J, Sehl ME, Scalia R, Eguchi S, Kasinath BS, Halter JB, Cohen HJ, Demark-Wahnefried W, Ahles TA, Barzilai N, Hurria A, Hunt PW. Disease drivers of aging. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1386:45-68. [PMID: 27943360 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It has long been known that aging, at both the cellular and organismal levels, contributes to the development and progression of the pathology of many chronic diseases. However, much less research has examined the inverse relationship-the contribution of chronic diseases and their treatments to the progression of aging-related phenotypes. Here, we discuss the impact of three chronic diseases (cancer, HIV/AIDS, and diabetes) and their treatments on aging, putative mechanisms by which these effects are mediated, and the open questions and future research directions required to understand the relationships between these diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Steven N Austad
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Elissa Epel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | - Marissa J Schafer
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Nathan K LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California
| | - Mary E Sehl
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Department of Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Department of Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Balakuntalam S Kasinath
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jeffrey B Halter
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | - Tim A Ahles
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Arti Hurria
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Peter W Hunt
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
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47
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Fan Y, Zhang J, Xiao W, Lee K, Li Z, Wen J, He L, Gui D, Xue R, Jian G, Sheng X, He JC, Wang N. Rtn1a-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Podocyte Injury and Diabetic Nephropathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:323. [PMID: 28336924 PMCID: PMC5428279 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported a critical role of reticulon (RTN) 1A in mediating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in kidney tubular cells and the expression of RTN1A correlates with the renal function and the severity of kidney injury in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Here, we determined the roles of RTN1A and ER stress in podocyte injury and DN. We used db/db mice with early unilateral nephrectomy (Unx) as a murine model of progressive DN and treated mice with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a specific inhibitor of ER stress. We found increased expression of RTN1A and ER stress markers in the kidney of db/db-Unx mice. Treatment of TUDCA not only attenuated proteinuria and kidney histological changes, but also ameliorated podocyte and glomeruli injury in diabetic mice, which were associated with reduction of RTN1A and ER stress marker expression in the podocytes of TUDCA-treated mice. In vitro, we showed RTN1A mediates albumin-induced ER stress and apoptosis in human podocytes. A positive feedback loop between RTN1A and CHOP was found leading to an enhanced ER stress in podocytes. Our data suggest that ER stress plays a major role in podocyte injury in DN and RTN1A might be a key regulator of ER stress in podocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhen Xiao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, United States
| | - Kyung Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, United States
| | - Zhengzhe Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, United States
| | - Jiejun Wen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingkun Gui
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Xue
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guihua Jian
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Sheng
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - John Cijiang He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, United States. .,Renal Section, James J Peter Veterans Administration Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States.
| | - Niansong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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48
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a major role in the development and progression of DN. Recent findings suggested that many attributes of DN, such as hyperglycemia, proteinuria, and increased advanced glycation end products and free fatty acids, can all trigger unfolded protein response (UPR) in kidney cells. Herein, we review the current knowledge on the role of ER stress in the setting of kidney injury with a specific emphasis on DN. RECENT FINDINGS As maladaptive ER stress response caused by excessively prolonged UPR will eventually cause cell death and increase kidney injury, several ER stress inhibitors have been shown to improve DN in animal models, albeit blocking both adaptive and maladaptive UPR. More recently, reticulon-1A (RTN1A), an ER-associated protein, was shown to be increased in both human and mouse diabetic kidneys. Its expression correlates with the progression of DN, and its polymorphisms are associated with kidney disease in people with diabetes. Increased RTN1A expression heightened the ER stress response and renal cell apoptosis, and conversely reduced RTN1A in renal cells decreased apoptosis and ameliorated kidney injury and DN progression, suggesting that RTN1A may be a novel target to specifically restrain the maladaptive UPR. These findings suggest that ER stress response in renal cells is a key driver of progression of DN and that the inhibition of the unchecked ER stress response in DN, such as by inhibition of RTN1A function, may be a promising therapeutic approach against DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kyung Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, Box 1243, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Niansong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - John Cijiang He
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, Box 1243, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Renal Section, James J Peters VAMC, Bronx, NY, USA.
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49
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Sharma I, Dutta RK, Singh NK, Kanwar YS. High Glucose-Induced Hypomethylation Promotes Binding of Sp-1 to Myo-Inositol Oxygenase: Implication in the Pathobiology of Diabetic Tubulopathy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:724-739. [PMID: 28208054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The catabolic enzyme myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) is expressed in proximal tubules and up-regulated in the diabetic state. Previously, we reported its transcriptional and translation regulation by high glucose (HG), osmolytes, and fatty acids. However, its epigenetic regulation is unknown. Bisulfite sequencing revealed that both human and mouse MIOX promoters, enriched with CpG sites, are hypomethylated and unmethylated under HG ambience and hyperglycemic states associated with increased MIOX expression. Eletrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed increased binding of unmethylated oligos with nucleoproteins of cells maintained under HG. In addition, a strong binding of specificity protein (Sp)-1 transcription factor with MIOX promoter was observed under HG, especially with unmethylated Sp-1 oligo. Specificity of binding was established by supershift assays and treatment with the Sp-1 inhibitor mithramycin. Promoter analysis revealed an increase in luciferase activity under HG, which was reduced after mutation of the Sp-1-binding site. Sp1 siRNA treatment reduced mRNA and protein expression of Sp-1 and MIOX and generation of reactive oxygen species derived from NADPH oxidase (NOX)-4 and mitochondrial sources. In addition, there was reduced expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α relevant in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Sp1 siRNA treatment reduced fibronectin expression, an extracellular matrix protein that is increased in diabetic nephropathy and tubulopathy. HG-induced MIOX expression was also reduced with the treatment of apelin-13, which deacetylates histones. Overall, these findings highlight the epigenetic regulation of MIOX in the pathogenesis of diabetic tubulopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rajesh K Dutta
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Neel K Singh
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yashpal S Kanwar
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
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50
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Fan Y, Xiao W, Lee K, Salem F, Wen J, He L, Zhang J, Fei Y, Cheng D, Bao H, Liu Y, Lin F, Jiang G, Guo Z, Wang N, He JC. Inhibition of Reticulon-1A-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Early AKI Attenuates Renal Fibrosis Development. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:2007-2021. [PMID: 28137829 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016091001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several animal studies have shown an important role for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in AKI, whereas human studies are lacking. We recently reported that Reticulon-1A (RTN1A) is a key mediator of ER stress and kidney cell injury. Here, we investigated whether modulation of RTN1A expression during AKI contributes to the progression to CKD. In a retrospective study of 51 patients with AKI, increased expression of RTN1A and other ER stress markers were associated with the severity of kidney injury and with progression to CKD. In an inducible tubular cell-specific RTN1A-knockdown mouse model subjected to folic acid nephropathy (FAN) or aristolochic acid nephropathy, reduction of RTN1A expression during the initial stage of AKI attenuated ER stress and kidney cell injury in early stages and renal fibrosis development in later stages. Treatment of wild-type mice with tauroursodeoxycholic acid, an inhibitor of ER stress, after the induction of kidney injury with FA facilitated renoprotection similar to that observed in RTN1A-knockdown mice. Conversely, in transgenic mice with inducible tubular cell-specific overexpression of RTN1A subjected to FAN, induction of RTN1A overexpression aggravated ER stress and renal injury at the early stage and renal fibrosis at the late stage of FAN. Together, our human and mouse data suggest that the RTN1A-mediated ER stress response may be an important determinant in the severity of AKI and maladaptive repair that may promote progression to CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, and
| | - Wenzhen Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, and
| | - Kyung Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, and
| | - Fadi Salem
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jiejun Wen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Fei
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongsheng Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongda Bao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fujun Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Gengru Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Second Military Medical University Affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Niansong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China;
| | - John Cijiang He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, and .,Renal Section, James J Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York
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