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Ipek V, Karagul I, Gulbenli Turkoglu B. Unlocking immunotherapy targets: programmed death 1 and its ligand and their correlation with tumour grade in feline injection site sarcoma. J Comp Pathol 2024; 213:10-19. [PMID: 39025037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the immunohistochemical expression of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which could facilitate a novel approach to immunotherapy for feline injection site sarcomas (FISSs), was investigated. Treatment strategies based on the suppression of this pathway are possible for tumours expressing PD-1/PD-L1. In this context, FISSs were histologically classified, the grade of sarcoma and the intensity of lymphocyte infiltration determined and PD-1 and PD-L1 expression evaluated in tumours of different grade. Tumours were immunolabelled for vimentin, S100, smooth muscle actin and sarcomeric actin. Fibrosarcoma was diagnosed in eight cases, undifferentiated sarcoma in one case, liposarcoma in one case and rhabdomyosarcoma in one case. PD-1 expression was found mainly in lymphoid infiltrations and macrophage-like cells, while PD-L1 was found primarily in tumour cells and infiltrated macrophage-like cells. By Pearson correlation analysis, tumour differentiation was found to have a moderate correlation with PD-1 (P <0.05) and a high correlation with PD-L1 (P <0.01). Tumour grade had a low correlation with PD-1 and a moderate correlation with PD-L1 (P >0.05). A moderate correlation was also detected between PD-1 and PD-L1 (P <0.05). It was concluded that the increased expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 may be associated with poor tumour differentiation and, therefore, poor prognosis in FISS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Ipek
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Değirmenler, 15200 Yakaköy/Burdur, Türkiye.
| | - Ismail Karagul
- Elmalı District Directorate of Agriculture and Forestry, Antalya Cd, 07716 Elmalı/Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Busra Gulbenli Turkoglu
- Health Sciences Institute, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Değirmenler, 15200 Yakaköy/Burdur, Türkiye
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2
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Hartmann K, Egberink H, Möstl K, Addie DD, Belák S, Boucraut-Baralon C, Frymus T, Lloret A, Hofmann-Lehmann R, Marsilio F, Pennisi MG, Tasker S, Thiry E, Truyen U, Hosie MJ. Feline Injection-Site Sarcoma and Other Adverse Reactions to Vaccination in Cats. Viruses 2023; 15:1708. [PMID: 37632050 PMCID: PMC10459272 DOI: 10.3390/v15081708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine-associated adverse events (VAAEs), including feline injection-site sarcomas (FISSs), occur only rarely but can be severe. Understanding potential VAAEs is an important part of informed owner consent for vaccination. In this review, the European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases (ABCD), a scientifically independent board of feline medicine experts, presents the current knowledge on VAAEs in cats, summarizing the literature and filling the gaps where scientific studies are missing with expert opinion to assist veterinarians in adopting the best vaccination practice. VAAEs are caused by an aberrant innate or adaptive immune reaction, excessive local reactions at the inoculation site, an error in administration, or failure in the manufacturing process. FISS, the most severe VAAE, can develop after vaccinations or injection of other substances. Although the most widely accepted hypothesis is that chronic inflammation triggers malignant transformation, the pathogenesis of FISS is not yet fully understood. No injectable vaccine is risk-free, and therefore, vaccination should be performed as often as necessary, but as infrequently as possible. Vaccines should be brought to room temperature prior to administration and injected at sites in which FISS surgery would likely be curative; the interscapular region should be avoided. Post-vaccinal monitoring is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Hartmann
- Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Herman Egberink
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Karin Möstl
- Institute of Virology, Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | | | - Sándor Belák
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (BVF), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7036, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | | | - Tadeusz Frymus
- Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Albert Lloret
- Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Regina Hofmann-Lehmann
- Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zuich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Fulvio Marsilio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Pennisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Séverine Tasker
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK;
- Linnaeus Veterinary Ltd., Shirley, Solihull B90 4BN, UK
| | - Etienne Thiry
- Veterinary Virology and Animal Viral Diseases, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, FARAH Research Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liège University, B-4000 Liège, Belgium;
| | - Uwe Truyen
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Margaret J. Hosie
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK;
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3
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Lu CH, Yu SH, Wu CH, Yeh JLS, Chang HW, Jeng CR, Chang YC. Effects of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor robenacoxib on primary cells derived from feline injection-site sarcoma. J Cell Mol Med 2023. [PMID: 37334757 PMCID: PMC10399534 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Feline injection-site sarcomas (FISSs) are highly invasive malignant mesenchymal neoplasms that arise from injection sites in cats. Although the tumorigenesis of FISSs is still uncertain, there is a consensus that FISS is associated with chronic inflammation caused by irritation of injection-related trauma and foreign chemical substances. Chronic inflammation can provide a proper microenvironment for tumour development, which has been known as one of the risk factors of tumorigenesis in many tumours. To investigate the tumorigenesis of FISS and screen for its potential therapeutic targets, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an inflammation-enhancing enzyme, was selected as a target for this study. In vitro experiments using FISS- and normal tissue-derived primary cells and robenacoxib, a highly selective COX-2 inhibitor, were performed. The results demonstrated that expression of COX-2 could be detected in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded FISS tissues and FISS-derived primary cells. Cell viability, migration and colony formation of FISS-derived primary cells were inhibited, and cell apoptosis was enhanced by robenacoxib in a dose-dependent manner. However, susceptibility to robenacoxib varied in different lines of FISS primary cells and was not completely correlated with COX-2 expression. Our results suggest that COX-2 inhibitors could be potential adjuvant therapeutics against FISSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hui Lu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Han Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ho Wu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jason Lih-Seng Yeh
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Ren Jeng
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chen Chang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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4
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Antoniou A, Evripidou N, Panayiotou S, Spanoudes K, Damianou C. Treatment of canine and feline sarcoma using MR-guided focused ultrasound system. J Ultrasound 2022; 25:895-904. [PMID: 35277843 PMCID: PMC9705640 DOI: 10.1007/s40477-022-00672-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In recent years, veterinary medicine has enhanced its applications beyond traditional approaches, progressively incorporating the Focused Ultrasound (FUS) technology. This study investigated the ability of FUS to precisely ablate naturally occurring canine and feline soft tissue sarcomas (STS). METHODS Six dogs and four cats with superficial tumours were enrolled in the study. The tumours were treated with a Magnetic Resonance guided FUS (MRgFUS) robotic system featuring a single element spherically focused transducer of 2.6 MHz. The tumours were then removed by surgery and sent for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. RESULTS The MRgFUS system was capable of inflicting well-defined overlapping lesions in the tumours. The anatomical sites of the treated tumours were the neck, leg, face, back and belly. Coagulative necrosis was evidenced by histopathology assessment in 80% of cases. CONCLUSION Therefore, this technology can be a therapeutic solution for veterinary cancer and a model for advancing the knowledge on human STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Antoniou
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, and Informatics, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Street, 3036, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Nikolas Evripidou
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, and Informatics, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Street, 3036, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Stelios Panayiotou
- SGS Diagnostic Centre of Histopathology and Cytology Limited, 21 Thessalonikis, 3025, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Kyriakos Spanoudes
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, and Informatics, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Street, 3036, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Christakis Damianou
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, and Informatics, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Street, 3036, Limassol, Cyprus.
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5
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Chiti LE, Gariboldi EM, Stefanello D, De Zani D, Grieco V, Nolff MC. Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Biopsy in Cats with Solid Malignancies: An Explorative Study. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:3116. [PMID: 36428344 PMCID: PMC9686746 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence on the utility of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy (SLNB) for the staging of dogs with various malignancies; however, comparable information is missing in cats. This multi-institutional study aims at reporting the feasibility and detection rate of SLNB guided by lymphoscintigraphy and the blue dye or near-infrared fluorescent lymphography (NIRF-L) in cats with solid tumors. In total, 12 cats presented with 14 solid malignancies that underwent curative-intent surgical excision of the primary tumor and SLNB were retrospectively enrolled. The mapping technique used, location and number of SLN, correspondence with the regional lymph node (RLN), and histological status of the SLN were retrieved. The detection rate and complications of SLNB were also recorded. NIRF-L was performed in 64.3% of tumors and lymphoscintigraphy in 35.7%. The detection rate was 100% for both techniques. The SLN did not correspond (fully or partially) to the RLN in 71.4% of cases, with multiple SLN being excised in 9/14 tumors. No complications related to SLNB were recorded. At histopathology, metastases were identified in 41.7% of cats, all with mast cell tumors (MCT). SLNB guided by NIRF-L or lymphoscintigraphy is feasible and safe in cats with solid tumors and should be suggested for correct tumor staging in cats, especially with MCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Elena Chiti
- Clinic for Smal Animals Surgery, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Maria Gariboldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Damiano Stefanello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Donatella De Zani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Valeria Grieco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Mirja Christine Nolff
- Clinic for Smal Animals Surgery, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Zajc AL, Harper A, Benoit J, Mason S. Non-injection-site soft tissue sarcoma in cats: outcome following adjuvant radiotherapy. J Feline Med Surg 2022; 24:e183-e193. [PMID: 35639367 PMCID: PMC10812266 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x221098961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Biological behaviour and treatment options of non-injection-site soft tissue sarcomas (nFISS) in cats are less well understood than in dogs. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the outcomes of cats with nFISS following treatment with adjuvant radiotherapy. METHODS The medical records of cats with soft tissue sarcomas in locations not associated with, and histology reports not suggestive of, injection-site sarcomas were reviewed. All cats underwent adjuvant radiotherapy, either hypofractionated (32-36 Gy delivered in weekly 8-9 Gy fractions) or conventionally fractionated (48-54 Gy delivered in 16-18 3 Gy fractions) to microscopic disease. RESULTS In total, 18 cats were included in the study, 17 with extremity nFISS and one with facial nFISS. Nine received radiotherapy after a single surgery and nine after multiple surgeries for recurrent nFISS. Eight cats were treated with a hypofractionated protocol and 10 with a conventionally fractionated protocol. The median follow-up time was 540 days (range 51-3317 days). The tumour recurred in eight (44.4%) cats following adjuvant radiotherapy; it recurred in three (37.5%) cats following a hypofractionated protocol and in five (50%) cats following a conventionally fractionated protocol. The overall median progression-free interval (PFI) for 17/18 cats was 2748 days, while the median PFI for the 7/8 cats with recurrence was 164 days. The recurrence for one cat was reported, but the date was unknown and it was therefore censored from these data. When stratifying based on the protocol, the median PFI for hypofractionated and conventionally fractionated protocols was 164 days and 2748 days, respectively. Statistically, there was no significant difference between the two protocols (P = 0.636). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Adjuvant radiotherapy resulted in good long-term tumour control in 12/18 cats with nFISS. Further studies in larger populations are required to assess the significance of radiation dose and fractionation on tumour control and the effect of multiple surgeries prior to initiation of radiotherapy on outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarah Mason
- Southfields Veterinary Specialists, Laindon, UK
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7
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Molina VM, Morales J, Gutiérrez MF. Sarcoma felino posvacunal (FISS), reporte de caso en Colombia. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA Y DE ZOOTECNIA 2022. [DOI: 10.15446/rfmvz.v69n2.103266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
El sarcoma felino posvacunal o sarcoma de sitio de inyección (FISS) en una neoplasia poco descrita en felinos en Colombia, se presenta posterior al uso de vacunas inactivas con adyuvante. El objetivo fue describir la presencia de un sarcoma felino posterior a la vacunación con leucemia felina virus inactivo, primer caso documentado en Colombia. Un felino, macho, mestizo, de 7 años de edad, esterilizado, vacunado con leucemia felina inactiva desde hace 3 años, desarrolla un nódulo de 5 cm de diámetro en la región dorsal, firme y no doloroso. En dermis profunda y músculo estriado, se evidencia proliferación neoplásica de células fusiformes, de crecimiento principalmente expansivo y en menor medida invasivo, que se organiza y forma haces cortos y fascículos largos que se entrecruzan, con focos densos y laxos y en focos se dispone en un patrón de espina de pescado. Las células presentan morfología fusiforme, ligeramente ovoide, irregular, algunas redondeadas, con citoplasma eosinófilo tenue e intenso en otros focos más densos. Se evidencia pleomorfismo celular y anisocitosis moderadas. Los núcleos presentan morfología redonda, ovoide e irregular. Se evidencia la presencia de uno o más nucléolos en algunas de sus células, cromatina principalmente granular fina, pleomorfismo nuclear y anisocariosis moderada. Se contabilizaron 4 mitosis en 10 campos con el objetivo de alto poder en 2,37 mm2, no se observa aparente invasión linfovascular, se evidencia compromiso de bordes laterales. Adicionalmente, discretos focos de necrosis multifocal < 50%, infiltrado inflamatorio mixto polimorfonuclear, neutrófilos moderados multifocales e infiltrado mononuclear linfocítico multifocal.
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8
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Coleman MJ, Selmic LE, Samuelson JP, Jennings R, Huang PC, McLaughlin EM, Wavreille VA, Dornbusch JA, Lapsley J, Howard J, Cheng E, Kalamaras A, Hearon K, Cray M, Grimes J, Wustefeld-Janssens B, Kennedy K, Skinner O, Amsellem P, Boppart SA. Diagnostic accuracy of optical coherence tomography for surgical margin assessment of feline injection-site sarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2021; 19:632-640. [PMID: 34427379 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The invasive, locally aggressive nature of feline injection-site sarcomas (FISSs) poses a unique challenge for surgeons to obtain complete margins with surgical excision. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), an imaging technology that uses light waves to generate real-time views of tissue architecture, provides an emerging solution to this dilemma by allowing fast, high-resolution scanning of surgical margins. The purpose of this study was to use OCT to assess surgical margins of FISS and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of OCT for detecting residual cancer using six evaluators of varying experience. Five FISSs were imaged with OCT to create a training set of OCT images that were compared with histopathology. Next, 25 FISSs were imaged with OCT prior to histopathology. Six evaluators of varying experience participated in a training session on OCT imaging after which each of the evaluators was given a dataset that included OCT images and videos to score on a scale from cancerous to non-cancerous. Diagnostic accuracy statistics were calculated. The overall sensitivity and specificity for classification of OCT images by evaluators were 78.9% and 77.6%, respectively. Correct classification rate of OCT images was associated with experience, while individual sensitivities and specificities had more variation between experience groups. This study demonstrates the ability of evaluators to correctly classify OCT images with overall low levels of experience and training and also illustrates areas where increased training can improve accuracy of evaluators in interpretation of OCT surgical margin images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary J Coleman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Laura E Selmic
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jonathan P Samuelson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Ryan Jennings
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Pin-Chieh Huang
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Eric M McLaughlin
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Vincent A Wavreille
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Josephine A Dornbusch
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Janis Lapsley
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - James Howard
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Edward Cheng
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Alex Kalamaras
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kendra Hearon
- Department of Surgery, Metropolitan Veterinary Specialists, Philadelphia, Pennsylvannia, USA
| | - Megan Cray
- Department of Surgery, Angell Animal Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Janet Grimes
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Brandan Wustefeld-Janssens
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Katie Kennedy
- Department of Surgery, Animal Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Owen Skinner
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Pierre Amsellem
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stephen A Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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9
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Bilko SJ, Veytsman S, Amsellem PM, Chow RS. Ventilatory failure in a cat following radical chest wall resection for feline injection site sarcoma. JFMS Open Rep 2021; 7:20551169211026921. [PMID: 34350025 PMCID: PMC8287376 DOI: 10.1177/20551169211026921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 12-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat presented for chest wall
resection and radiation therapy following incomplete surgical excision of a
feline injection site sarcoma. A CT scan for surgical planning was performed
under general anesthesia and showed extensive tumor infiltration of the soft
tissues of the right thorax. The cat recovered uneventfully from this
anesthetic event. Nineteen days later, the patient was reanesthetized for
forequarter amputation plus radical chest wall resection, including ribs 3–8
and all associated soft tissues plus adjacent spinous processes.
Postoperatively, the patient developed acute respiratory failure secondary
to hypoventilation. The cat was mechanically ventilated for 12 h prior to
being successfully weaned from the ventilator. However, the improvement was
transient and mechanical ventilation was reinitiated 6 h later owing to
respiratory fatigue. On the second day, the cat developed unexplained
central nervous system signs and was euthanized. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this is the first case report to describe ventilatory
failure secondary to radical chest wall resection in a cat. Hypoventilation
with subsequent need for mechanical ventilation is a potential complication
that should be considered during preoperative planning in patients requiring
extensive chest wall resections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Bilko
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota Veterinary Medical Center, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Stan Veytsman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota Veterinary Medical Center, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Pierre M Amsellem
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota Veterinary Medical Center, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Rosalind S Chow
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota Veterinary Medical Center, St Paul, MN, USA
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Löhr CV, Stieger-Vanegas SM, Terry JL, Milovancev M, Medlock J. Targeting Peritumoral Lesions Identified by Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Feline Injection-Site Sarcomas for Microscopic Examination. Vet Pathol 2021; 58:923-934. [PMID: 33969752 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211012949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peritumoral lesions identified during in vivo imaging of feline injection-site sarcoma (FISS) are frequently interpreted as neoplastic. We recently showed that most peritumoral imaging-identified lesions (PTIILs) in FISS are non-neoplastic. In this article, we describe a protocol to target PTIIL for microscopic examination and report on the protocol's performance. Ten client-owned cats with FISS were prospectively enrolled. A fiducial marker sutured onto the skin, centered on the palpable mass, served as reference point throughout the study. Each FISS and surrounding tissue was imaged in vivo by dual phase computed tomography angiography and multiple magnetic resonance imaging pulse sequences and each PTIIL documented. Subgross measurements obtained during trimming aided localization and identification of PTIIL during microscopy. Histologic findings were categorized by descending clinical relevance: neoplastic, equivocal, non-neoplastic, within normal limits (WNL). Based on in vivo imaging resolution limits, histologic findings were ≥3 mm in at least one dimension and ≥3 mm apart. Surgical margins served as control tissue for PTIILs. Eighty-one of 87 PTIIL were examined histologically; 13 were neoplastic, 16 equivocal, and 28 non-neoplastic; 24 had no identified histologic correlate. Two neoplastic and 10 equivocal findings were located outside of PTIILs but none of them were located in sections of surgical margins. Computation of a simple confusion matrix yielded fair sensitivity (70.4%) and low specificity (59.7%) for prediction of PTIIL by histologic findings. After combining instances of normal microanatomy with non-neoplastic histologic findings, specificity increased (85.1%) and sensitivity decreased (35.8%). The protocol is a blueprint for targeting PTIIL for microscopic examination but may benefit from further refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jesse L Terry
- 2694Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.,Dr Terry is now at MedVet Northern Utah, Sunset, UT, USA
| | | | - Jan Medlock
- 2694Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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11
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Patruno R, Passantino G, Laface C, Tinelli A, Zito A, Ruggieri R, Luposella F, Gadaleta P, Laforgia M, Lacitignola L, Ammendola M, Ranieri G, Zizzo N. Microvascular Density, Endothelial Area, and Ki-67 Proliferative Index Correlate Each Other in Cat Post-Injection Fibrosarcoma. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010031. [PMID: 33379269 PMCID: PMC7823643 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas are a large group of different tumor types both in humans and in animals. Among them, fibrosarcoma is the most frequent malignant mesenchymal tumoral form in cats, representing up to 28% of all cat skin tumors, while human fibrosarcoma, fortunately, only represents 5% of all sarcomas and 0.025% of the world-wide burden of tumors. This low incidence in humans leads to consideration of this group of tumoral diseases as rare, so therapeutic options are few due to the difficulty of starting clinical trials. In this context, the identification of research models for fibrosarcomas could be of great interest to deepen knowledge in this field and recognize new or possible biological pathways involved in tumor progression and metastasis. Angiogenesis is considered a fundamental scattering cause of tumor aggressiveness and progression in all forms of cancer, but only a few research parameters were developed and reported to express them quantitatively and qualitatively. The role in angiogenesis of microenvironmental stromal cells, such as fibroblasts, lymphocytes, mast cells, and macrophages, was largely demonstrated since this topic was first approached, while quantification of new vessels and their blood capacity in tumoral area is a relatively recent approach that could be well developed thanks to expertise in immunohistochemistry and image analysis. In this paper, a crossing study evaluating microvascular density (MVD), endothelial area (EA), and Ki-67 proliferative index was reported for a series of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 99 cat patients, affected by cat post-injection fibrosarcoma, by using a till ×400 magnification light microscopy. We aim to demonstrate that cat pets may be considered a useful animal model for better studying the correspondent human diseases and we report, for the first time to our knowledge, experimental data in terms of correlation among MVD, EA, and Ki-67 strictly involved in aggressiveness and tumoral progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Patruno
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Section of Veterinary Pathology and Comparative Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Strada p.le per Casamassima, km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (G.P.); (A.T.); (N.Z.)
| | - Giuseppe Passantino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Section of Veterinary Pathology and Comparative Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Strada p.le per Casamassima, km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (G.P.); (A.T.); (N.Z.)
| | - Carmelo Laface
- Interventional and Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “G. Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.L.); (P.G.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 10124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Tinelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Section of Veterinary Pathology and Comparative Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Strada p.le per Casamassima, km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (G.P.); (A.T.); (N.Z.)
| | - Alfredo Zito
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “G. Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Roberta Ruggieri
- Cardiology Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Francesco Luposella
- Direction Départementale de la Cohésion Sociale et de la Protection des Populations des VOSGES (DDCSPP88), 88080 Vittel, France;
| | - Pietro Gadaleta
- Interventional and Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “G. Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.L.); (P.G.)
| | | | - Luca Lacitignola
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Strada p.le per Casamassima, km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy;
| | - Michele Ammendola
- Department of Health Science, Digestive Surgery Unit, University “Magna Graecia” Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Girolamo Ranieri
- Interventional and Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “G. Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.L.); (P.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nicola Zizzo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Section of Veterinary Pathology and Comparative Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Strada p.le per Casamassima, km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (G.P.); (A.T.); (N.Z.)
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12
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Spugnini EP, Vincenzi B, Carocci F, Bonichi C, Menicagli F, Baldi A. Combination of bleomycin and cisplatin as adjuvant electrochemotherapy protocol for the treatment of incompletely excised feline injection-site sarcomas: A retrospective study. Open Vet J 2020; 10:267-271. [PMID: 33282697 PMCID: PMC7703611 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v10i3.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background fFeline injection-site sarcomas (FISSs) are mesenchymal tumors that can occur in cats after injections of different medical agents and are easily prone to recurrence. Aim The aims of this study were to report treatment outcomes for cats with feline injection-site sarcomas (FISSs) treated with both bleomycin and cisplatin, per adjuvant electrochemotherapy (ECT) protocol. Methods The medical records of cats with a diagnosis of FISS that were treated with ECT using both bleomycin and cisplatin were retrospectively evaluated. A total of 27 cats were available for statistical evaluation of their response. The cats received intravenous 20 mg/m2 bleomycin, and the tumor bed and margins were infiltrated with cisplatin at the dose of 0.5 mg/cm2. Then, the trains of permeabilizing biphasic electric pulses lasting 50 + 50 µseconds each were delivered in bursts of 1,300 V/cm using caliper electrodes under sedation. A second session was performed 2 weeks later. Results Side effects were limited to local inflammation in three cats. Three cats developed local tumor recurrence at days 180, 180, and 545 after surgery, two cats developed recurrence and metastases at 100 and 505 days after surgery, and two cats experienced distant metastases. A median time to recurrence could not be calculated as over 80% of the study population remained disease free or were censored due to death from other causes. Mean survival time was 985 days, and median cumulative survival for all cases was 1,000 days. Conclusion When compared to historical controls, the results of this study demonstrate the superior rates of tumor-free survival and disease-free interval. This adjuvant therapy could be a useful addition to the current options for FISS in consideration of its efficacy, limited toxicity, and ease of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Alfonso Baldi
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies Campania University "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.,Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, CNR, Naples, Italy
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13
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Bacterial magnetic particles-polyethylenimine vectors deliver target genes into multiple cell types with a high efficiency and low toxicity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:6799-6812. [PMID: 32548689 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial magnetic particles (BMPs) are biosynthesized magnetic nano-scale materials with excellent dispersibility and biomembrane enclosure properties. In this study, we demonstrate that BMPs augment the ability of polyethylenimine (PEI) to deliver target DNA into difficult-to-transfect primary porcine liver cells, with transfection efficiency reaching over 30%. Compared with standard lipofection and polyfection, BMP-PEI gene vectors significantly enhanced the transfection efficiencies for the primary porcine liver cells and C2C12 mouse myoblast cell lines. To better understand the mechanism of magnetofection using BMP-PEI/DNA vectors, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of transfected Cos-7, HeLa, and HEP-G2 cells were observed. We found that the BMP-PEI/DNA complexes were trafficked into the cytoplasm and nucleus by way of vesicular transport and endocytosis. Our study builds support for the versatile BMP-PEI vector transfection system, which might be exploited to transfect a wide range of cell types or even to reach specific targets in the treatment of disease. KEY POINTS: • We constructed a BMP-PEI gene delivery vector by combining BMPs and PEI. • The vector significantly enhanced transfection efficiencies in eukaryotic cell lines. • The transfection mechanism of this vector was explained in our study.
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14
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Eikelberg DJ, Allnoch L, Grothmann P, Bohner J, Hewicker‐Trautwein M. Subcutaneous fibrosarcomas with pulmonary metastases in a white tiger (
Panthera tigris
) and a lion (
Panthera leo
). VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2019-000960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Allnoch
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine Hannover FoundationHannoverGermany
| | | | - Julia Bohner
- Department of ResearchSerengetiparkHodenhagenGermany
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15
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Bloch J, Rogers K, Walker M, Dawson J, Wilson-Robles H. Treatment of feline injection-site sarcoma with surgery and iridium-192 brachytherapy: retrospective evaluation of 22 cats. J Feline Med Surg 2020; 22:313-321. [PMID: 30982391 PMCID: PMC10814673 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x19844345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this retrospective descriptive study was to determine the effectiveness of using iridium implants in addition to surgery in cats with feline injection-site sarcomas (FISSs) in terms of time to progression and disease-specific survival and to identify prognostic factors for patient outcome. METHODS Medical records of cats presented at our institution with FISS were reviewed. Inclusion criteria included histologic diagnosis of a tumor type associated with post-injection neoplastic development, tumor located at a site associated with vaccination, no other therapies prior to the administration of brachytherapy with the exception of surgery and adequate follow-up data. RESULTS Twenty-two cats with FISS were treated with surgery and brachytherapy delivered by postoperative iridium-192 interstitial implants. Radiation doses ranged from 4000 to 6000 cGy (median dose 5079.55 cGy), with most doses delivered over 7 days. The median number of surgeries prior to brachytherapy was one (range 1-4). The complications associated with postoperative brachytherapy were typically mild, although four cats developed more severe complications. The median time to progression for all cats was 619 days and disease-specific survival time for all cats was 1242 days. The 1 and 2 year tumor-free rates in these cats were 63.6% and 40.9%, respectively. The local failure rate was 54.5% and the distant failure rate was 13.6% due to lung metastasis. There was a significant difference in time to progression of cats that had a single surgery performed prior to brachytherapy and those that had multiple surgeries (undefined vs 310 days; P = 0.01). There were no other statistically significant identified prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These data suggest that the addition of brachytherapy postoperatively in cats with FISS was well tolerated and is comparable to other forms of adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Bloch
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Kenita Rogers
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Michael Walker
- Department of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jesse Dawson
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Heather Wilson-Robles
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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16
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Maxwell EA, Phillips H, Clark-Price SC, Vieson MD, Selmic LE, Schaeffer DJ, Fan TM. Pharmacokinetics of platinum and safety evaluation of carboplatin-impregnated calcium sulfate hemihydrate beads after implantation in healthy cats. Vet Surg 2020; 49:748-757. [PMID: 31944331 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of platinum (Pt) and safety of carboplatin-impregnated calcium sulfate hemihydrate (C-I CSH) beads after implantation in healthy cats. STUDY DESIGN In vivo experimental study. ANIMALS Six healthy adult cats. METHODS Three C-I CSH beads were implanted in muscle pockets over the right and left hemithoraces of each cat (~3.9 mg/kg of Pt; 60.4 mg/m2 of calculated carboplatin). Hematology and blood chemistry were tested at baseline and 3, 7, 14, and 21 days postimplantation. Serum was analyzed for Pt at specific times from 1 hour to 21 days. Tissue was obtained for histopathology and analysis of Pt at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days at standardized distances from implantation sites. RESULTS Platinum was detected in tissues at all times and distances (range, 0.1-4.19 μg/g). Serum Pt increased up to 2.6 hours (3.25 μg/mL) then decreased sharply. Samples containing muscle had higher Pt compared with samples without muscle (P = .004). Mild hypercalcemia was noted in four cats, and mild inflammatory reaction was noted on histopathology of all samples. CONCLUSION Platinum was released from C-I CSH beads differentially into surrounding tissues over 21 days. Systemic absorption of Pt was minimal, but mild hypercalcemia occurred. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Implantation was well tolerated by healthy adult cats. Securing beads within muscle may limit Pt diffusion to targeted tissue. Although Pt concentrations did not achieve levels reported to be cytotoxic for feline sarcoma cells in culture, results provide evidence to support evaluation of efficacy in the tumor microenvironment of cats with locally invasive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Maxwell
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Heidi Phillips
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Stuart C Clark-Price
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Miranda D Vieson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Laura E Selmic
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - David J Schaeffer
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Timothy M Fan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois
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17
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Liptak JM. Histologic margins and the residual tumour classification scheme: Is it time to use a validated scheme in human oncology to standardise margin assessment in veterinary oncology? Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 18:25-35. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Hsueh CS, Wu CH, Shih CH, Yeh JLS, Jeng CR, Pang VF, Chiou HY, Chang HW. Role of nuclear factor-kappa B in feline injection site sarcoma. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:365. [PMID: 31653220 PMCID: PMC6815016 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic inflammation has been implicated in sarcomagenesis. Among various factors, activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway has been documented being able to target genes associated with tumor progression and up-regulate the expression of tumor-promoting cytokines and survival genes in several human solid tumors. Feline injection sites sarcomas (FISS) are malignant entities derived from the mesenchymal origin. The disease has been considered to be associated with vaccine adjuvant, aluminum, which serves as a stimulus continuously inducing overzealous inflammatory and immunologic reactions. To understand the contribution of NF-κB in FISS, detection of activated NF-κB in paraffin-embedded specimens, in vitro establishment of primary cells derived from FISS, and evaluation of the effects of the NF-κB inhibitor, dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ), on primary tumor cells were conducted. Results In this study, nuclear expression of NF-κB p65 was detected in 83.3% of FISS cases and not correlated with tumor grading, sex, and age. Primary cells derived from FISS in three cats exhibiting same immunohistochemical characteristics as their original tumor were successfully established. The NF-κB inhibitor, DHMEQ, was able to prevent nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65, inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and colonization in dosage-dependent manners, and induce cell apoptosis in these primary FISS cells. Conclusions High expression rate of nuclear NF-κB p65 in FISS cases and dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the growth of FISS primary cells treated with NF-κB inhibitor suggested that NF-κB might be a potential molecular therapeutic target for FISS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Shun Hsueh
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ho Wu
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Shih
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jason Lih-Seng Yeh
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Ren Jeng
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Victor Fei Pang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hue-Ying Chiou
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Wen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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19
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Fisher DR, Fidel J, Maitz CA. Direct Interstitial Treatment of Solid Tumors Using an Injectable Yttrium-90-Polymer Composite. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 35:1-9. [PMID: 31621382 PMCID: PMC7044762 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.2947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Yttrium-90 (90Y)-polymer composite (radiogel) may be administered directly into cancerous tissues to deliver highly localized beta radiation for therapy. In a dose-escalation study, the authors investigated the feasibility of treating feline and canine soft-tissue sarcomas as a model for nonresectable solid tumors in humans to gain clinical experience and to identify optimal methods for placing the composite uniformly within target tumor tissue. Materials and Methods: Five cats (Washington State University) and three dogs (University of Missouri) were selected for treatment from among veterinary clinic patients presenting with subcutaneous soft-tissue sarcomas. The therapeutic radiogel composite comprised two parts that were combined before therapy: (1) a calibrated activity of highly insoluble 90Y(YPO4) particles in a sterile, phosphate-buffered saline solution and (2) a resorbable hydrogel delivery vehicle containing a dissolved copolymer of poly-(DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) and poly-(ethylene glycol). Sarcomas of anesthetized animals (five cats and three dogs) were injected with the 90Y-radiogel (10%–15% by tumor volume) using a parallel-needle grid pattern with ∼4–5-mm spacings with or without ultrasound guidance. After injection, the composite solution gelled within tumor interstitial spaces to solid phase upon reaching body temperatures to constrain the 90Y activity intratumorally. The animals were then imaged with computed tomography (CT) or positron emission tomography (PET)/CT and placed in radiation isolation for overnight monitoring and follow-up. Results: Gelation of the composite within tumor extracellular spaces confined the 90Y(YPO4) particles in place to deliver a planned radiation absorbed dose (100–320 Gy) to target tissue through complete decay. Response of the tumor tissue to 90Y-radiation therapy postexcision was evaluated by imaging, tumor resection, and histology. Correlation was observed on histopathology between tumor destruction and radiation dose. With uniform placement at high dose, the authors achieved complete remission or stable disease (at 1–2 months posttreatment). Conclusions: This study demonstrated successful injection of 90Y-polymer composite (radiogel) without discernable radiation dose to normal organs or other detrimental side effects. Animal patients recovered quickly from the injection procedure. The better therapeutic responses were observed at mean doses at or above 300 Gy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrell R Fisher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane and Richland, Washington
| | - Janean Fidel
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Charles A Maitz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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20
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Fleming K, Nemanic S, Löhr CV, Terry J, Milovancev M. CT angiography and MRI imaging features do not predict the tumor type and grade of feline injection site sarcoma. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2019; 60:668-679. [PMID: 31515897 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been described as methods for preoperative surgical planning in cats with feline injection site sarcomas (FISS), however, few published studies have compared these modalities. The objective of this retrospective, secondary analysis study was to determine if imaging features of FISS on CTA and MRI are predictive of neoplastic peritumoral projections. Archived data from a previous prospective study were retrieved for 10 cats with FISS. All cats had been evaluated in a single anesthetic episode with MRI and dual phase CT (CTA) imaging followed by surgical removal. Histopathological grading and targeted histopathology of imaging-identified peritumoral projections were performed. Two observers evaluated the CTA and MRI studies for FISS shape, margination, size, enhancement pattern, postcontrast uniformity, pre- and postcontrast margination, the number of muscles involved, mass mineralization, and bone lysis. Metal was present in the imaging field of three of 10 cats, resulting in one nondiagnostic MRI. Peritumoral projections were detected in all cats with both imaging modalities, and most were benign. At least one neoplastic peritumoral projection was detected in six cats using MRI, five cats using CTA, and three cats with both modalities. Higher grade FISS were larger than low grade using MRI, and FISS were larger using MRI. Other FISS imaging features using MRI and CTA were similar. Findings supported use of either MRI or CTA for detecting neoplastic peritumoral projections in cats with FISS. Authors recommend CTA for cats with known metallic objects in the scan field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Fleming
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Sarah Nemanic
- Veterinary Radiology Consulting, LLC., Lebanon, Oregon
| | - Christiane V Löhr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | | | - Milan Milovancev
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
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21
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Chiti LE, Martano M, Ferrari R, Boracchi P, Giordano A, Grieco V, Buracco P, Iussich S, Giudice C, Miniscalco B, Zani DD, Proverbio D, Morello E, Stefanello D. Evaluation of leukocyte counts and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as predictors of local recurrence of feline injection site sarcoma after curative intent surgery. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 18:105-116. [PMID: 31441996 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Local recurrence (LR) is the major concern in the treatment of feline injection-site sarcoma (FISS). Pretreatment leukocyte counts and ratios have been reported as diagnostic and/or prognostic markers in human and canine oncology. The aim of this retrospective study was to explore the prognostic impact on LR and overall survival time (OST) of pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), white blood cell count (WBCC), neutrophil count (NC) and lymphocyte count (LC) in cats with surgically excised FISS. Eighty-two cats with histologically confirmed FISS at first presentation, without distant metastases, and with available pretreatment haematological analyses were retrospectively enrolled. The correlation of NLR, WBCC, NC, LC with tumour variables and patient variables was explored. NLR was correlated with tumour size (P = .004), histological pattern of tumour growth (P = .024) and histotype (P = .029), while WBCC and NC were associated with ulceration (P = .007, P = .011) and pattern of growth (P = .028, P = .004). No significant relationships emerged between LC and any of the considered variables. The impact of NLR, WBCC, NC, LC on LR and OST was then estimated in univariate and multivariate analysis. In univariate analysis, NLR, WBCC and NC were significant prognostic factors for both LR and OST. NLR, WBCC and NC remained prognostic in multivariate analysis for LR but not for OST. When NLR, WBCC and NC were jointly analysed, WBCC was the marker with the greater impact on LR. Preoperative NLR, WBCC and NC may aid in identifying cats at higher risk of LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Chiti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M Martano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - R Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - P Boracchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Laboratorio di Statistica Medica, Biometria ed Epidemiologia "G.A. Maccacaro", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Giordano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - V Grieco
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - P Buracco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - S Iussich
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - C Giudice
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - B Miniscalco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - D D Zani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - D Proverbio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - E Morello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - D Stefanello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Rossi F, Marconato L, Sabattini S, Cancedda S, Laganga P, Leone VF, Rohrer Bley C. Comparison of definitive-intent finely fractionated and palliative-intent coarsely fractionated radiotherapy as adjuvant treatment of feline microscopic injection-site sarcoma. J Feline Med Surg 2019; 21:65-72. [PMID: 29473768 PMCID: PMC10814612 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x18758883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this retrospective, bi-institutional study was to evaluate the progression-free interval in a cohort of cats with postoperative microscopic injection-site sarcoma (ISS) treated with two different radiotherapy protocols. METHODS Included in the study were cats with ISSs undergoing macroscopic surgical removal and subsequent electron beam radiotherapy treatment with either a finely fractionated protocol (48 or 52.8 Gy over 4 weeks delivered in 12 or 16 fractions) or a coarsely fractionated protocol (36 Gy over 3 weeks administered in six fractions). Medical records were reviewed and follow-up information was collected. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare the progression-free interval (PFI) between the two protocols and to test the influence of many clinical variables. RESULTS Fifty-nine cats were included; 38 underwent a finely fractionated protocol and 21 a coarsely fractionated protocol. PFI was not significantly different between the two groups. Overall PFI was 2000 days (2000 vs 540 days; P = 0.449). When only first-occurrence cases were included, median PFI was significantly longer in the finely fractionated group compared with the coarsely fractionated group (1430 vs 540 days; P = 0.007). In cats that underwent multiple surgeries PFI was not different between protocols (233 vs 395 days; P = 0.353). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Cats with first-occurrence ISSs appear to benefit from postoperative finely fractionated radiotherapy. The same benefit was not evident in cats that underwent multiple surgeries and we think a coarsely fractionated protocol would be indicated in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Rossi
- Veterinary Oncology Centre, Sasso Marconi, Italy
- Orologio Veterinary Centre, Sasso Marconi, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Sabattini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | | | | | - Vito F Leone
- Veterinary Oncology Centre, Sasso Marconi, Italy
| | - Carla Rohrer Bley
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Borlle L, Dergham A, Wund Z, Zumbo B, Southard T, Hume KR. Salinomycin decreases feline sarcoma and carcinoma cell viability when combined with doxorubicin. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:36. [PMID: 30678671 PMCID: PMC6346515 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1780-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a significant health threat in cats. Chemoresistance is prevalent in solid tumors. The ionophore salinomycin has anti-cancer properties and may work synergistically with chemotherapeutics. The purpose of our study was to determine if salinomycin could decrease cancer cell viability when combined with doxorubicin in feline sarcoma and carcinoma cells. RESULTS We established two new feline injection-site sarcoma cell lines, B4 and C10, and confirmed their tumorigenic potential in athymic nude mice. B4 was more resistant to doxorubicin than C10. Dose-dependent effects were not observed until 92 μM in B4 cells (p = 0.0006) vs. 9.2 μM (p = 0.0004) in C10 cells. Dose-dependent effects of salinomycin were observed at 15 μM in B4 cells (p = 0.025) and at 10 μM in C10 cells (p = 0.020). Doxorubicin plus 5 μM salinomycin decreased viability of B4 cells compared to either agent alone, but only at supra-pharmacological doxorubicin concentrations. However, doxorubicin plus 5 μM salinomycin decreased viability of C10 cells compared to either agent alone at doxorubicin concentrations that can be achieved in vivo (1.84 and 4.6 μM, p < 0.004). In SCCF1 cells, dose-dependent effects of doxorubicin and salinomycin were observed at 9.2 (p = 0.036) and 2.5 (p = 0.0049) μM, respectively. When doxorubicin was combined with either 1, 2.5, or 5 μM of salinomycin in SCCF1 cells, dose-dependent effects of doxorubicin were observed at 9.2 (p = 0.0021), 4.6 (p = 0.0042), and 1.84 (p = 0.0021) μM, respectively. Combination index calculations for doxorubicin plus 2.5 and 5 μM salinomycin in SCCF1 cells were 0.4 and 0.6, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We have developed two new feline sarcoma cell lines that can be used to study chemoresistance. We observed that salinomycin may potentiate (C10 cells) or work synergistically (SCCF1 cells) with doxorubicin in certain feline cancer cells. Further research is indicated to understand the mechanism of action of salinomycin in feline cancer cells as well as potential tolerability and toxicity in normal feline tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Borlle
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, Cornell University College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Abdo Dergham
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Zacharie Wund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Brittany Zumbo
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Teresa Southard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Kelly R. Hume
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
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Bing Y, Wund Z, Abratte T, Borlle L, Kang S, Southard T, Hume KR. Biological indicators of chemoresistance: an ex vivo analysis of γH2AX and p53 expression in feline injection-site sarcomas. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:192. [PMID: 30498397 PMCID: PMC6251226 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0690-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The response of soft tissue sarcomas to cytotoxic chemotherapy is inconsistent. Biomarkers of chemoresistance or chemosensitivity are needed in order to identify appropriate patients for treatment. Given that many chemotherapeutics kill cells through direct DNA interactions, we hypothesized that upregulation of DNA damage response mechanisms would confer resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapy in sarcomas. To study this, we used spontaneously-occurring feline injection-site sarcomas (FISS). Methods γH2AX and p53 expression were determined in biopsy samples of FISS. γH2AX expression was determined via immunohistochemistry whereas p53 expression was determined via qRT-PCR. Cell lines derived from these sarcoma biopsies were then treated with carboplatin (N = 11) or doxorubicin (N = 5) and allowed to grow as colonies. Colony forming-ability of cells exposed to chemotherapy was compared to matched, untreated cells and expressed as percent survival relative to controls. ImageJ was used for quantification. A mixed model analysis was performed to determine if an association existed between relative survival of the treated cells and γH2AX or p53 expression in the original tumors. Cell lines were validated via vimentin expression or growth as subcutaneous sarcomas in nude mice. Results An association was detected between γH2AX expression and relative survival in cells exposed to carboplatin (P = 0.0250). In the 11 FISS tumors evaluated, γH2AX expression ranged from 2.2 to 18.8% (mean, 13.3%). Cells from tumors with γH2AX expression higher than the sample population mean had fourfold greater relative survival after carboplatin exposure than cells from tumors with γH2AX expression less than the mean. There was no association between relative survival after carboplatin exposure and p53 expression (P = 0.1608), and there was no association between relative survival after doxorubicin exposure and either γH2AX (P = 0.6124) or p53 (P = 0.8645) expression. Four cell lines were validated via growth as sarcomas in nude mice. Vimentin expression was confirmed in the other 7 cell lines. Conclusions γH2AX expression, but not wild type p53, may potentially serve as a biomarker of resistance to platinum therapeutics in soft tissue sarcomas. To further investigate this finding, prospective, in vivo studies are indicated in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Bing
- 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Zacharie Wund
- 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Tina Abratte
- 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Lucia Borlle
- 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Susie Kang
- 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Teresa Southard
- 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Kelly R Hume
- 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
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Santelices Iglesias OA, Wright C, Duchene AG, Risso MA, Risso P, Zanuzzi CN, Nishida F, Lavid A, Confente F, Díaz M, Portiansky EL, Gimeno EJ, Barbeito CG. Association between Degree of Anaplasia and Degree of Inflammation with the Expression of COX-2 in Feline Injection Site Sarcomas. J Comp Pathol 2018; 165:45-51. [PMID: 30502795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Feline injection site sarcomas (FISSs) are mesenchymal neoplasms that develop at the sites of delivery of vaccines or other injectable products. Vaccine adjuvants can trigger an intense and persistent inflammatory response that may lead to neoplastic transformation. The proinflammatory role of cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 is well known and its overexpression has prognostic value in multiple neoplastic processes. One hundred and seventeen FISSs were evaluated for the degree of inflammation and anaplasia. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of COX-2 in these sarcomas. There was a significant association between the degree of inflammation and the expression of COX-2 by neoplastic cells. COX-2 expression was lower in tumours with higher degrees of anaplasia. These findings may be useful in predicting the sensitivity of FISSs to treatment with COX-2 inhibitors. The potential therapeutic use of such agents could then be restricted to tumours with lower degrees of anaplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Santelices Iglesias
- Image Analysis Laboratory, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - C Wright
- Image Analysis Laboratory, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - A G Duchene
- Hospital, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of Buenos Aires, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M A Risso
- Department of Epizootiology and Public Health, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - P Risso
- Department of Epizootiology and Public Health, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - C N Zanuzzi
- Image Analysis Laboratory, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina; National Research Council of Science and Technology, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F Nishida
- Image Analysis Laboratory, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina; National Research Council of Science and Technology, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Lavid
- Hospital, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of Buenos Aires, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F Confente
- Private Professional, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Díaz
- Private Professional, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E L Portiansky
- Image Analysis Laboratory, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina; National Research Council of Science and Technology, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E J Gimeno
- Image Analysis Laboratory, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina; National Research Council of Science and Technology, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C G Barbeito
- Image Analysis Laboratory, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina; Laboratory of Descriptive, Experimental and Comparative Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina; National Research Council of Science and Technology, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Müller N, Kessler M. Curative-intent radical en bloc resection using a minimum of a 3 cm margin in feline injection-site sarcomas: a retrospective analysis of 131 cases. J Feline Med Surg 2018; 20:509-519. [PMID: 28696150 PMCID: PMC11104078 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x17717882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Owing to its highly infiltrative growth, feline injection-site sarcoma (FISS) carries a significant risk of local tumour recurrence. Parameters of possible prognostic significance (eg, tumour size and location, resection of de novo vs recurrent tumours, and achievement of tumour-free surgical margins) were examined with regard to their influence on recurrence rate (RR), disease-free interval (DFI) and survival time (ST). Methods This was a retrospective analysis of cats with FISSs located on the chest or abdominal wall or the interscapular region treated in a single institution using a standardised radical resection technique with 3 cm lateral margins and full-thickness body wall resection (tumours over chest/abdominal wall) or a minimum of two fascial planes (interscapular tumours). Results Median postoperative DFI and ST of 131 cats with FISSs was 21 and 24 months, respectively. Patients operated on for recurrent tumours were significantly more likely to die from tumour-related reasons compared with patients with de novo tumours ( P <0.001). RR and DFI in the different tumour locations were comparable ( P = 0.544 and P = 0.17, respectively). Local tumour recurrence occurred in 38.1% of the cats. Cats operated on for tumour recurrences had a significantly higher chance of another recurrence (RR 55.5% vs 33.3%; P = 0.005). Completeness of excision was determined by taking tumour bed biopsies. Tumour bed biopsies that did not contain tumour cells were associated with a significantly lower RR compared with those with tumour cells (30.5% vs 76.2%). Conclusions and relevance Depending on prognostic factors such as surgery for primary vs recurrent tumour, tumour-free resection margins and tumour location, the RR in FISS ranges from 33-55%, despite curative intent radical surgery. This study may help in identifying patients at risk for recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Müller
- Hofheim Small Animal Clinic, Hofheim, Germany
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27
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Benton J, Williams R, Patel A, Meichner K, Tarigo J, Nagata K, Pethel T, Gogal R. Gold nanoparticles enhance radiation sensitization and suppress colony formation in a feline injection site sarcoma cell line, in vitro. Res Vet Sci 2018; 117:104-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Cora R, Gal AF, Taulescu M, Tăbăran F, Vidrighinescu R, Cătoi C. Description of a Feline Injection-Site Fibrosarcoma with Metastasis in the Cerebellum. ACTA VET-BEOGRAD 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/acve-2017-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Feline injection-site sarcomas were initially described by Hendrick and Goldschmidt (1991). The link between vaccination site and sarcoma occurrence suggested the term of vaccine-associated sarcomas. Our paper describes an unusual feline injection-site fibrosarcoma with cerebellar metastasis. A 7-year-old female domestic short-hair cat was submitted to the Pathology Department (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cluj- Napoca, Romania) for necropsy. A subcutaneous tumor (relapse) in the interscapular region and multiple metastatic masses in the lungs, kidneys, subcutaneous tissue (scapular and thigh regions) and cerebellum were observed. Cytological, histological and immunohistochemical (for vimentin, desmin, multi-cytokeratin, α-smooth muscle actin, S100 and CD45) analyses from all tumors were performed. Cytological examination identifi ed highly pleomorphic spindle-shaped cells admixed with neoplastic multinucleated giant cells. Histologically, all neoplastic masses were composed of numerous spindle cells arranged into interlacing bundles. Extensive intratumoral areas of necrosis along with a neutrophilic infiltrate were also detected. A fibrillary material was present among neoplastic cells (green stained by Masson’s trichrome method), suggesting a collagenous structure. In all tumors assessed, immunohistochemistry showed an intense reaction only for vimentin in numerous neoplastic cells. Based on the history, gross, cytological, histological and immunohistochemical data, the final diagnosis was recurrent feline injection-site fibrosarcoma, with multiple metastases (including in the cerebellum). Overall, an uncommon case of feline injection-site fibrosarcoma has been reported. This is the first consistent record of an injection site sarcoma in a cat with cerebellar metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Cora
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca , 400372, Romania
| | - Adrian Florin Gal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca , 400372, Romania
| | - Marian Taulescu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca , 400372, Romania
| | - Flaviu Tăbăran
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca , 400372, Romania
| | - Raluca Vidrighinescu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca , 400372, Romania
| | - Cornel Cătoi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca , 400372, Romania
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Maxwell EA, Phillips H, Schaeffer DJ, Fan TM. In vitro chemosensitivity of feline injection site-associated sarcoma cell lines to carboplatin. Vet Surg 2017; 47:219-226. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Maxwell
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine; University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine; Urbana Illinois
| | - Heidi Phillips
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine; University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine; Urbana Illinois
| | - David J. Schaeffer
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine; University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine; Urbana Illinois
| | - Timothy M. Fan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine; University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine; Urbana Illinois
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Pereira S, Campos C, Horta R, Lavalle G, Araujo R. Evaluation of adjuvant chemotherapy in feline injection site-associated sarcoma. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-9026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Feline Injection Site-Associated Sarcoma (FISS) is a neoplasm that implies in reduction of quality of life and overall survival in feline patients. A retrospective study of 13 cases of FISS was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment associated to chemotherapy with doxorubicin or carboplatin. Local recurrence occurred in all patients. Patients treated with surgery and chemotherapy presented a longer overall survival and disease-free interval when compared to those that solely received surgical treatment, although no statistical significance was observed (p= 0.3360 and 0.7506, respectively). Surgery remains as the main option for FISS treatment. Further prospective studies with larger samples are warranted to investigate the benefit of chemotherapy for this neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C.B. Campos
- UNESP, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - R.S. Horta
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - R.B. Araujo
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Zabielska-Koczywąs K, Wojtalewicz A, Lechowski R. Current knowledge on feline injection-site sarcoma treatment. Acta Vet Scand 2017; 59:47. [PMID: 28716129 PMCID: PMC5513368 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-017-0315-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Feline injection-site sarcomas (FISS) are malignant skin tumours of mesenchymal origin, the treatment of which is a challenge for veterinary surgeons. The role of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy in FISS treatment has been studied, and a correlation between “clean” surgical margins and disease-free survival has been shown. In addition, clean surgical margins are one of the most important factors for achieving a low recurrence rate. The most effective method of FISS treatment includes combining radical surgery with pre- or postoperative radiotherapy. Chemotherapy may be used as a palliative method of treatment or may be considered an adjunctive therapy for surgery and radiotherapy. In cats with FISS without metastasis, the use of immunostimulant treatment with Oncept IL-2, intended as a complementary immunotherapy in association with surgery and brachytherapy, may also be considered to reduce the risk of relapse and increase the time to relapse. Additionally, this review focuses on recent advances in FISS treatment, including the use of novel compounds, such as doxorubicin conjugated to glutathione-stabilized gold nanoparticles, liposomal doxorubicin or tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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Lefbom BK, Peckens NK. Impact of collaborative care on survival time for dogs with congestive heart failure and revenue for attending primary care veterinarians. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2017; 249:72-6. [PMID: 27308884 DOI: 10.2460/javma.249.1.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of in-person collaborative care by primary care veterinarians (pcDVMs) and board-certified veterinary cardiologists (BCVCs) on survival time of dogs after onset of congestive heart failure (CHF) and on associated revenue for the attending pcDVMs. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. ANIMALS 26 small-breed dogs treated for naturally occurring CHF secondary to myxomatous mitral valve disease at a multilocation primary care veterinary hospital between 2008 and 2013. PROCEDURES Electronic medical records were reviewed to identify dogs with confirmed CHF secondary to myxomatous mitral valve disease and collect information on patient care, survival time, and pcDVM revenue. Data were compared between dogs that received collaborative care from the pcDVM and a BCVC and dogs that received care from the pcDVM alone. RESULTS Dogs that received collaborative care had a longer median survival time (254 days) than did dogs that received care from the pcDVM alone (146 days). A significant positive correlation was identified between pcDVM revenue and survival time for dogs that received collaborative care (ie, the longer the dog survived, the greater the pcDVM revenue generated from caring for that patient). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Findings suggested that collaborative care provided to small-breed dogs with CHF by a BCVC and pcDVM could result in survival benefits for affected dogs and increased revenue for pcDVMs, compared with care provided by a pcDVM alone.
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Milovancev M, Russell DS. Surgical margins in the veterinary cancer patient. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 15:1136-1157. [PMID: 28194921 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In veterinary oncologic specimens, histopathology is the gold standard for determining adequacy of excision. Despite limitations of this technique, the pathologist's interpretation of margin status significantly impacts patient management, including indications for adjuvant therapy. This article aims to summarize peer-reviewed literature as it relates to histologic margin evaluation in veterinary cancer patients. The value of histologic tumour-free margins and technical factors influencing histopathologic margin outcomes are also discussed. We review alternative strategies for determining excisional status, and discuss how an evolving understanding of tumour biology might inform clinical and research perspectives on surgical margins. In doing so, we aim to provide context and a stimulus for future investigations into this important yet incompletely understood topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Milovancev
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - D S Russell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
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Zabielska-Koczywąs K, Dolka I, Król M, Żbikowski A, Lewandowski W, Mieczkowski J, Wójcik M, Lechowski R. Doxorubicin Conjugated to Glutathione Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles (Au-GSH-Dox) as an Effective Therapeutic Agent for Feline Injection-Site Sarcomas-Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Study. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020253. [PMID: 28208720 PMCID: PMC6155676 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Feline injection-site sarcomas are malignant skin tumours with a high local recurrence rate, ranging from 14% to 28%. The treatment of feline injection-site sarcomas includes radical surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. In our previous study it has been demonstrated that doxorubicin conjugated to glutathione-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Au-GSH-Dox) has higher cytotoxic effects than free doxorubicin for feline fibrosarcoma cell lines with high glycoprotein P activity (FFS1, FFS3). The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of intratumoural injection of Au-GSH-Dox on the growth of tumours from the FFS1 and FFS3 cell lines on chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane. This model has been utilized both in human and veterinary medicine for preclinical oncological studies. The influence of intratumoural injections of Au-GSH-Dox, glutathione-stabilized gold nanoparticles and doxorubicin alone on the Ki-67 proliferation marker was also checked. We demonstrated that the volume ratio of tumours from the FFS1 and FFS3 cell lines was significantly (p < 0.01) decreased after a single intratumoural injection of Au-GSH-Dox, which confirms the positive results of in vitro studies and indicates that Au-GSH-Dox may be a potent new therapeutic agent for feline injection-site sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Izabella Dolka
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Król
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Artur Żbikowski
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Wiktor Lewandowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Józef Mieczkowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Michał Wójcik
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Roman Lechowski
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
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Saba CF. Vaccine-associated feline sarcoma: current perspectives. VETERINARY MEDICINE-RESEARCH AND REPORTS 2017; 8:13-20. [PMID: 30050850 PMCID: PMC6042530 DOI: 10.2147/vmrr.s116556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Feline injection site sarcomas (FISS; also known as vaccine-associated sarcomas) have been recognized for >20 years. Although uncommon, these tumors are iatrogenic, and vaccination against rabies and feline leukemia virus is perhaps the most common inciting cause. The exact etiopathogenesis is unknown, but it is widely accepted that inflammation induced by vaccines or other injections likely plays a critical role in tumor development. Injection site sarcomas are extremely locally invasive. Multimodal therapy, incorporating combinations of surgery, radiation therapy, and sometimes chemotherapy or immunotherapy, is recommended. However, tumor recurrences are common even with aggressive treatment, and many cats with FISS ultimately succumb to this devastating disease. While vaccination protocols play an important role in the management and control of infectious disease, veterinarians must be diligent in following established vaccination guidelines to minimize individual patient risk of FISS development. Early tumor detection and client education are also vital in the successful treatment of FISS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey F Saba
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA,
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36
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Porcellato I, Menchetti L, Brachelente C, Sforna M, Reginato A, Lepri E, Mechelli L. Feline Injection-Site Sarcoma. Vet Pathol 2016; 54:204-211. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985816677148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Feline injection-site sarcoma (FISS) is an aggressive tumor believed to arise from the proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in areas of chronic inflammation, particularly at sites of injection. Local recurrence is frequent after surgical excision. Gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and their inhibitor (TIMP-2) are endopeptidases pivotal in extracellular matrix remodeling and therefore in tumor invasiveness. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-2 in FISS to assess their usefulness as prognostic factors. Size, soft tissue sarcoma (STS) grading system, depth of infiltration, surgical margins, and Ki-67 index were evaluated as additional prognostic markers. Twenty-four cases of primary FISS were classified according to clinical follow-up as nonrecurrent (NR, n = 14; 58.3%) and recurrent (R, n = 10; 41.7%). MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-2 were variably expressed in the FISS examined, confirming their role in tumor invasiveness, yet they did not show significant differences between the R and NR groups. These results could be due to different tumor stages or to the multiple activities of these enzymes, not limited to ECM remodeling. The immunohistochemical expression of these enzymes considered alone does not seem to be useful as a prognostic marker. STS grading system, depth of infiltration, surgical margins, and Ki-67 index did not relate to recurrence. Instead, the size of the tumor, measured after formalin fixation, with an optimal cutoff of 3.75 cm (accuracy = 86%; P < .05), and the mitotic count, with an optimal cutoff of 20 mitoses/10 HPF (accuracy = 80%; P < .05), could be evaluated as useful prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Porcellato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - L. Menchetti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - C. Brachelente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - M. Sforna
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - A. Reginato
- CDVet Diagnostic Laboratory, Via Ugo Guattari, Rome, Italy
| | - E. Lepri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - L. Mechelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Terry JL, Milovancev M, Nemanic S, Löhr CV. Quantification of surgical margin length changes after excision of feline injection site sarcomas-A pilot study. Vet Surg 2016; 46:189-196. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse L. Terry
- Departments of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Milan Milovancev
- Departments of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Sarah Nemanic
- Departments of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Christiane V. Löhr
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
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38
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Terry JL, Milovancev M, Löhr CV, Nemanic S. Changes in the dimension and volume of feline injection-site sarcomas following formalin fixation as determined by use of the ellipsoid volume formula and three-dimensional computed tomography software. Am J Vet Res 2016; 77:620-6. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.77.6.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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39
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Nemanic S, Milovancev M, Terry JL, Stieger-Vanegas SM, Löhr CV. Microscopic Evaluation of Peritumoral Lesions of Feline Injection Site Sarcomas Identified by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography. Vet Surg 2016; 45:392-401. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Nemanic
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Milan Milovancev
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Jesse L. Terry
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | | | - Christiane V. Löhr
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
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40
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Kang S, Southard T, Hume KR. DNA damage is a feature of feline injection-site sarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2016; 15:518-524. [PMID: 26781433 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Feline injection-site sarcoma (FISS) is commonly treated with surgery and radiation therapy. Despite aggressive therapy, FISS has a high recurrence rate. The true benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy is not known. DNA damage response mechanisms help protect against genomic instability but can also promote chemoresistance. In order to determine whether DNA damage is a feature of FISS, we evaluated tumour tissues with γH2AX immunohistochemistry. H2AX is phosphorylated to form γH2AX following DNA double strand breaks. Seventeen FISS specimens were evaluated prospectively. DNA damage ranged from 2.18 to33.7%, with a median of 16.2%. Significant differences were noted between cats (P < 0.0001). Mitotic index ranged from 0 to 57 with a median of 13 and did not correlate with γH2AX positivity (P = 0.2). Further studies are needed to determine if γH2AX expression may predict chemosensitivity and have independent value as a prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - T Southard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - K R Hume
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Ferrari R, Di Giancamillo M, Stefanello D, Giudice C, Grieco V, Longo M, Ravasio G, Boracchi P. Clinical and computed tomography tumour dimension assessments for planning wide excision of injection site sarcomas in cats: how strong is the agreement? Vet Comp Oncol 2015; 15:374-382. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Ferrari
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health; Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - M. Di Giancamillo
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health; Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - D. Stefanello
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health; Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - C. Giudice
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health; Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - V. Grieco
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health; Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - M. Longo
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health; Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - G. Ravasio
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health; Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - P. Boracchi
- Department of Clinical Science and Community, Section of Medical Statistics and Biometry, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
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Onoyama M, Tsuka T, Imagawa T, Osaki T, Sugiyama A, Azuma K, Ito N, Kawashima K, Okamoto Y. Photodynamic hyperthermal chemotherapy with indocyanine green in feline vaccine-associated sarcoma. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:2118-2122. [PMID: 26622805 PMCID: PMC4579817 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The anticancer effects of photodynamic hyperthermal chemotherapy (PHCT), which consists of a combination of indocyanine green photodynamic hyperthermal therapy and local chemotherapy, have previously been reported. The present study investigated the effect of PHCT in six cases of feline vaccine-associated sarcoma (FVAS) following conservative surgical resection. No recurrence was observed in three out of six (50%) cases, while recurrence was observed in the remaining three cases. Of note, each feline with recurrences had previously undergone surgical resection more than three times, whereas those without recurrence had undergone no or one previous resection. In addition, the three animals in which there was no recurrence survived between 893 and 1,797 days following surgery. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that PHCT may be a candidate as a novel adjuvant cancer therapy for FVAS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takeshi Tsuka
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Imagawa
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osaki
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Akihiko Sugiyama
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Kazuo Azuma
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ito
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
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Hartmann K, Day MJ, Thiry E, Lloret A, Frymus T, Addie D, Boucraut-Baralon C, Egberink H, Gruffydd-Jones T, Horzinek MC, Hosie MJ, Lutz H, Marsilio F, Pennisi MG, Radford AD, Truyen U, Möstl K. Feline injection-site sarcoma: ABCD guidelines on prevention and management. J Feline Med Surg 2015; 17:606-13. [PMID: 26101312 PMCID: PMC11148925 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x15588451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
OVERVIEW In cats, the most serious of adverse effects following vaccination is the occurrence of invasive sarcomas (mostly fibrosarcomas): so-called 'feline injection-site sarcomas' (FISSs). These develop at sites of previous vaccination or injection. They have characteristics that are distinct from those of fibrosarcomas in other areas and behave more aggressively. The rate of metastasis ranges from 10-28%. PATHOGENESIS The pathogenesis of these sarcomas is not yet definitively explained. However, chronic inflammatory reactions are considered the trigger for subsequent malignant transformation. Injections of long-acting drugs (such as glucocorticoids, and others) have been associated with sarcoma formation. Adjuvanted vaccines induce intense local inflammation and seem therefore to be particularly linked to the development of FISS. The risk is lower for modified-live and recombinant vaccines, but no vaccine is risk-free. TREATMENT AND PREVENTION Aggressive, radical excision is required to avoid tumour recurrence. The prognosis improves if additional radiotherapy and/or immunotherapy (such as recombinant feline IL-2) are used. For prevention, administration of any irritating substance should be avoided. Vaccination should be performed as often as necessary, but as infrequently as possible. Non-adjuvanted, modified-live or recombinant vaccines should be selected in preference to adjuvanted vaccines. Injections should be given at sites at which surgery would likely lead to a complete cure; the interscapular region should generally be avoided. Post-vaccination monitoring should be performed.
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45
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Adjuvant immunotherapy of feline injection-site sarcomas with the recombinant canarypox virus expressing feline interleukine-2 evaluated in a controlled monocentric clinical trial when used in association with surgery and brachytherapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trivac.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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46
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Cantatore M, Ferrari R, Boracchi P, Gobbetti M, Travetti O, Ravasio G, Giudice C, Di Giancamillo M, Grieco V, Stefanello D. Factors Influencing Wound Healing Complications After Wide Excision of Injection Site Sarcomas of the Trunk of Cats. Vet Surg 2014; 43:783-90. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12217.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cantatore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Roberta Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Patrizia Boracchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Unità di Statistica Medica e Biometria; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Matteo Gobbetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Olga Travetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Giuliano Ravasio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Chiara Giudice
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Mauro Di Giancamillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Valeria Grieco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Damiano Stefanello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
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47
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Di Cerbo A, Palmieri B, De Vico G, Iannitti T. Onco-epidemiology of domestic animals and targeted therapeutic attempts: perspectives on human oncology. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 140:1807-14. [PMID: 24816783 PMCID: PMC4196033 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1664-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The spontaneous tumor biology has been investigated with the support of animalists using animals as a preclinical model allowing translation of results in clinical practice. This review provides an insight into the field of comparative oncology. Evidence shows that companion animal health care is impressively growing in terms of development of new therapies and diagnostic tools, nutrition and disease prevention. However, even if most animal tumors might be a reliable model to study human carcinomas, many open questions, related to the opportunities to select and recruit new models in oncology, along with their legal and ethical implications, remain unanswered.
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48
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Carwardine D, Friend E, Toscano M, Bowlt K. UK owner preferences for treatment of feline injection site sarcomas. J Small Anim Pract 2013; 55:84-8. [PMID: 24329725 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Feline injection site sarcomas are therapeutically challenging because of their locally invasive nature. Several protocols recommend that the two perceived high-risk adjuvanted vaccines should be administered into distinct anatomical sites ("left hind leg leukaemia, right hind leg rabies"), which should aid surgical resection. This has resulted in a change in tumour distribution with an increased proportion situated caudal to the diaphragm when such a policy is adopted. The aim of this study was to determine UK cat owners' attitudes towards surgical treatments of different anatomical regions. METHODS A cross-sectional study of an anonymous convenience sample of UK cat owners was conducted from September to December, 2012 using an internet-based survey. RESULTS There were a total of 208 respondents: 39% would pursue surgery regardless of tumour site. One percent would not pursue surgery. Of the remainder, respondents would not allow amputation of the forelimb (20%), hindlimb (15%) or tail (15%). Twenty-six, 32 and 27% would not have surgical treatment of the inter-scapular region, chest or abdomen, respectively. The majority of respondents were willing to travel up to 100 miles for radiotherapy or chemotherapy (66 and 69%, respectively). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The current feline vaccine site recommendations may not be appropriate for UK cat owners.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Carwardine
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU
| | - E Friend
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU
| | - M Toscano
- Research Center for Proper Housing: Poultry and Rabbits (ZTHZ), Division of Animal Welfare, VPH Institute, University of Bern, 3052, Zollikofen, Switzerland
| | - K Bowlt
- Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, Suffolk, CB8 7UU
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49
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Dal-Bó Í, Brun M, Bortolini C, Quadros A, Chagas J. Flape cutâneo em padrão axial auricular caudal para correção de defeito extenso após extirpação de fibrossarcoma facial em felino. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-09352013000600016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Um felino que apresentava massa de grandes dimensões, localizada no lábio superior direito, foi submetido à cirurgia para exérese do aumento de volume mantendo-se margem de tecido sadio. O defeito facial foi reconstituído com um flape cutâneo em padrão axial auricular caudal. A ferida apresentou cicatrização em primeira intenção em sua maior extensão, com adequados resultados cosmético e funcional. A avaliação histopatológica revelou se tratar de fibrossarcoma, o qual não apresentou recidivas locais pelo período mínimo de 21 meses de pós-operatório.
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50
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Scherk MA, Ford RB, Gaskell RM, Hartmann K, Hurley KF, Lappin MR, Levy JK, Little SE, Nordone SK, Sparkes AH. 2013 AAFP Feline Vaccination Advisory Panel Report. J Feline Med Surg 2013; 15:785-808. [PMID: 23966005 PMCID: PMC11110975 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x13500429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE This Report was developed by the Feline Vaccination Advisory Panel of the American Association of Feline Practitioners (AAFP) to provide practical recommendations to help clinicians select appropriate vaccination schedules for their feline patients based on risk assessment. The recommendations rely on published data as much as possible, as well as consensus of a multidisciplinary panel of experts in immunology, infectious disease, internal medicine and clinical practice.
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