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Mizuno Y, Nakasone W, Nakamura M, Otaki JM. In Silico and In Vitro Evaluation of the Molecular Mimicry of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein by Common Short Constituent Sequences (cSCSs) in the Human Proteome: Toward Safer Epitope Design for Vaccine Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:539. [PMID: 38793790 PMCID: PMC11125730 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Spike protein sequences in SARS-CoV-2 have been employed for vaccine epitopes, but many short constituent sequences (SCSs) in the spike protein are present in the human proteome, suggesting that some anti-spike antibodies induced by infection or vaccination may be autoantibodies against human proteins. To evaluate this possibility of "molecular mimicry" in silico and in vitro, we exhaustively identified common SCSs (cSCSs) found both in spike and human proteins bioinformatically. The commonality of SCSs between the two systems seemed to be coincidental, and only some cSCSs were likely to be relevant to potential self-epitopes based on three-dimensional information. Among three antibodies raised against cSCS-containing spike peptides, only the antibody against EPLDVL showed high affinity for the spike protein and reacted with an EPLDVL-containing peptide from the human unc-80 homolog protein. Western blot analysis revealed that this antibody also reacted with several human proteins expressed mainly in the small intestine, ovary, and stomach. Taken together, these results showed that most cSCSs are likely incapable of inducing autoantibodies but that at least EPLDVL functions as a self-epitope, suggesting a serious possibility of infection-induced or vaccine-induced autoantibodies in humans. High-risk cSCSs, including EPLDVL, should be excluded from vaccine epitopes to prevent potential autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Mizuno
- The BCPH Unit of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Wataru Nakasone
- Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Unit, Department of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Morikazu Nakamura
- Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Unit, Department of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Joji M. Otaki
- The BCPH Unit of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, Japan
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Hiep NT, Nguyen MK, Nhut HT, Hung NTQ, Manh NC, Lin C, Chang SW, Um MJ, Nguyen DD. A review on sterilization methods of environmental decontamination to prevent the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 virus): A new challenge towards eco-friendly solutions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166021. [PMID: 37543323 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the COVID-19 pandemic is currently wreaking havoc on the planet. SARS-CoV-2, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, is the current term for this outbreak. Reports about this novel coronavirus have been presented since the pandemic's breakout, and they have demonstrated that it transmits rapidly from person to person, primarily by droplets in the air. Findings have illustrated that SARS-CoV-2 can survive on surfaces from hours to days. Therefore, it is essential to find practical solutions to reduce the virus's impact on human health and the environment. This work evaluated common sterilization methods that can decontaminate the environment and items. The goal is that healthcare facilities, disease prevention organizations, and local communities can overcome the new challenge of finding eco-friendly solutions. Further, a foundation of information encompassing various sterilization procedures and highlighting their limits to choose the most appropriate method to stop disease-causing viruses in the new context has been presented. The findings of this crucial investigation contribute to gaining insight into the comprehensive sterilization approaches against the coronavirus for human health protection and sustainable environmental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Trung Hiep
- Research Institute for Sustainable Development, Ho Chi Minh University of Natural Resources and Environment, 236B Le Van Sy, Ward 1, Tan Binh District, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Minh-Ky Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Nong Lam University, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Huynh Tan Nhut
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Nong Lam University, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Tri Quang Hung
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Nong Lam University, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam.
| | - Nguyen Cong Manh
- Department of Aquatic and Atmospheric Environment Research, Research Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Chitsan Lin
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - S Woong Chang
- Department of Civil & Energy System Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, South Korea
| | - Myoung Jin Um
- Department of Civil & Energy System Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, South Korea
| | - D Duc Nguyen
- Department of Civil & Energy System Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, South Korea; Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 755414, Viet Nam.
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Le Corre N, Abarca K, Astudillo P, Potin M, López S, Goldsack M, Valenzuela V, Schilling A, Gaete V, Rubio L, Calvo M, Twele L, González M, Fuentes D, Gutiérrez V, Reyes F, Tapia LI, Villena R, Retamal-Díaz A, Cárdenas A, Alarcón-Bustamante E, Meng X, Xin Q, González-Aramundiz JV, Álvarez-Figueroa MJ, González PA, Bueno SM, Soto JA, Perret C, Kalergis AM. Different Safety Pattern of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (CoronaVac ®) According to Age Group in a Pediatric Population from 3 to 17 Years Old, in an Open-Label Study in Chile. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1526. [PMID: 37896930 PMCID: PMC10611329 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of vaccinating children against SARS-CoV-2 was rapidly established. This study describes the safety of CoronaVac® in children and adolescents between 3- and 17-years-old in a multicenter study in Chile with two vaccine doses in a 4-week interval. For all participants, immediate adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), and AEs of special interest (AESIs) were registered throughout the study. In the safety subgroup, AEs were recorded 28 days after each dose. COVID-19 surveillance was performed throughout the study. A total of 1139 individuals received the first and 1102 the second dose of CoronaVac®; 835 were in the safety subgroup. The first dose showed the highest number of AEs: up to 22.2% of participants reported any local and 17.1% systemic AE. AEs were more frequent in adolescents after the first dose, were transient, and mainly mild. Pain at the inoculation site was the most frequent AE for all ages. Fever was the most frequent systemic AE for 3-5 years old and headache in 6-17 years old. No SAEs or AESIs related to vaccination occurred. Most of the COVID-19 cases were mild and managed as outpatients. CoronaVac® was safe and well tolerated in children and adolescents, with different safety patterns according to age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Le Corre
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (N.L.C.); (K.A.)
| | - Katia Abarca
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (N.L.C.); (K.A.)
| | - Patricio Astudillo
- División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile
| | - Marcela Potin
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (N.L.C.); (K.A.)
- Clínica San Carlos de Apoquindo, Red de Salud UC Christus, Santiago 7610437, Chile
| | - Sofía López
- Clínica San Carlos de Apoquindo, Red de Salud UC Christus, Santiago 7610437, Chile
| | - Macarena Goldsack
- Departamento de Pediatría, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile
- Centro Médico San Joaquín, Red de Salud UC Christus, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Vania Valenzuela
- Departamento de Medicina Familiar, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile
| | - Andrea Schilling
- Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
- Departamento de Pediatría, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago 7650568, Chile
| | - Victoria Gaete
- Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Lilian Rubio
- Departamento de Pediatría, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago 7650568, Chile
- Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital Luis Tisné, Santiago 7910000, Chile
| | - Mario Calvo
- Instituto de Pediatría, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
| | - Loreto Twele
- Hospital Puerto Montt, Puerto Montt 5507798, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt 5501842, Chile
| | - Marcela González
- Hospital Dr. Gustavo Fricke, Viña Del Mar 2340000, Chile
- Departamento de Pediatría, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2361845, Chile
| | - Daniela Fuentes
- Departamento de Pediatría, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2361845, Chile
| | - Valentina Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (N.L.C.); (K.A.)
- Unidad de Infectología Pediátrica, Servicio de Pediatría, Complejo Asistencial Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago 8150215, Chile
| | - Felipe Reyes
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (N.L.C.); (K.A.)
- Unidad de Infectología Pediátrica, Servicio de Pediatría, Complejo Asistencial Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago 8150215, Chile
| | - Lorena I. Tapia
- Departamento de Pediatría y Cirugía Infantil Norte, Hospital Roberto del Río, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380418, Chile
- Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Rodolfo Villena
- Hospital Exequiel González Cortés, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatría y Cirugía Infantil Campus Sur, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8900085, Chile
| | - Angello Retamal-Díaz
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y de Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1271155, Chile
- Hospital Clínico Universidad de Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270001, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Antonio Cárdenas
- Hospital Clínico Universidad de Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270001, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1271155, Chile
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Regional de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240835, Chile
| | - Eduardo Alarcón-Bustamante
- Faculty of Mathematics, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus on Intergenerational Mobility: From Modelling to Policy (MOVI) [NCS2021072], Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Social Statistics, Facultad de Matemáticas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Xing Meng
- Sinovac Biotech, Beijing 100085, China
| | | | - José V. González-Aramundiz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - María Javiera Álvarez-Figueroa
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Pablo A. González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile
| | - Susan M. Bueno
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile
| | - Jorge A. Soto
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370251, Chile
| | | | - Cecilia Perret
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (N.L.C.); (K.A.)
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile
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4
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Tran N, Dasari S, Barwell SAE, McLeod MJ, Kalyaanamoorthy S, Holyoak T, Ganesan A. The H163A mutation unravels an oxidized conformation of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5625. [PMID: 37699927 PMCID: PMC10497556 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro) is an important target for developing COVID-19 therapeutics. Recent work has highlighted Mpro's susceptibility to undergo redox-associated conformational changes in response to cellular and immune-system-induced oxidation. Despite structural evidence indicating large-scale rearrangements upon oxidation, the mechanisms of conformational change and its functional consequences are poorly understood. Here, we present the crystal structure of an Mpro point mutant (H163A) that shows an oxidized conformation with the catalytic cysteine in a disulfide bond. We hypothesize that Mpro adopts this conformation under oxidative stress to protect against over-oxidation. Our metadynamics simulations illustrate a potential mechanism by which H163 modulates this transition and suggest that this equilibrium exists in the wild type enzyme. We show that other point mutations also significantly shift the equilibrium towards this state by altering conformational free energies. Unique avenues of SARS-CoV-2 research can be explored by understanding how H163 modulates this equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Tran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sathish Dasari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sarah A E Barwell
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | | | - Subha Kalyaanamoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Todd Holyoak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Aravindhan Ganesan
- ArGan's Lab, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1C5, Canada.
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Tamburello M, Salamone S, Anceschi L, Governa P, Brighenti V, Morellini A, Rossini G, Manetti F, Gallinella G, Pollastro F, Pellati F. Antiviral Activity of Cannabidiolic Acid and Its Methyl Ester against SARS-CoV-2. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:1698-1707. [PMID: 37402317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the antiviral activity of cannabinoids isolated from Cannabis sativa L. was assessed in vitro against a panel of SARS-CoV-2 variants, indicating cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) was the most active. To overcome the instability issue of CBDA, its methyl ester was synthesized and tested for the first time for its antiviral activity. CBDA methyl ester showed a neutralizing effect on all the SARS-CoV-2 variants tested with greater activity than the parent compound. Its stability in vitro was confirmed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analysis coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). In addition, the capacity of both CBDA and its derivative to interact with the virus spike protein was assessed in silico. These results showed that CBDA methyl ester can be considered as a lead compound to be further developed as a new effective drug against COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Tamburello
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Salamone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem srls, Via A. Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Lisa Anceschi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio, Via Giuseppe Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Paolo Governa
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Virginia Brighenti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alice Morellini
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giada Rossini
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Manetti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gallinella
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem srls, Via A. Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Federica Pellati
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Tanaka H, Nishimura F, Nakase K, Yokoyama S, Nakagawa I, Yamada S, Tamura K, Matsuda R, Takeshima Y, Kotsugi M, Park YS, Nakase H. Case report: Giant pituitary neuroendocrine tumor presented along with acute visual loss due to pituitary apoplexy after receiving COVID-19 vaccination. Front Surg 2023; 10:1220098. [PMID: 37576925 PMCID: PMC10413133 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1220098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective A case of giant pituitary neuroendocrine tumor presented along with acute visual loss due to pituitary apoplexy after receiving a COVID-19 vaccination is reported. Case presentation A 45-year-old man was referred for a giant pituitary tumor with bitemporal hemianopsia. A surgical procedure was planned and then delayed due to the COVID-19 outbreak in Japan, with a Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine administered while awaiting surgery. Three days after the second COVID-19 vaccination the patient noted a progressively worsening headache that caused pituitary apoplexy and then a decrease in vision. Emergency surgery was thus performed. Conclusion Pituitary apoplexy is a rare and life-threatening complication that may occur after undergoing a COVID-19 vaccination.
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Anand U, Pal T, Zanoletti A, Sundaramurthy S, Varjani S, Rajapaksha AU, Barceló D, Bontempi E. The spread of the omicron variant: Identification of knowledge gaps, virus diffusion modelling, and future research needs. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 225:115612. [PMID: 36871942 PMCID: PMC9985523 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) recognised variant B.1.1.529 of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as a variant of concern, termed "Omicron", on November 26, 2021. Its diffusion was attributed to its several mutations, which allow promoting its ability to diffuse worldwide and its capability in immune evasion. As a consequence, some additional serious threats to public health posed the risk to undermine the global efforts made in the last two years to control the pandemic. In the past, several works were devoted to discussing a possible contribution of air pollution to the SARS-CoV-2 spread. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, there are still no works dealing with the Omicron variant diffusion mechanisms. This work represents a snapshot of what we know right now, in the frame of an analysis of the Omicron variant spread. The paper proposes the use of a single indicator, commercial trade data, to model the virus spread. It is proposed as a surrogate of the interactions occurring between humans (the virus transmission mechanism due to human-to-human contacts) and could be considered for other diseases. It allows also to explain the unexpected increase in infection cases in China, detected at beginning of 2023. The air quality data are also analyzed to evaluate for the first time the role of air particulate matter (PM) as a carrier of the Omicron variant diffusion. Due to emerging concerns associated with other viruses (such as smallpox-like virus diffusion in Europe and America), the proposed approach seems to be promising to model the virus spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttpal Anand
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Tarun Pal
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Alessandra Zanoletti
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Suresh Sundaramurthy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, 462003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, CO, 10250, Sri Lanka; Instrument Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Damià Barceló
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, Girona, 17003, Spain; Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), JordiGirona, 1826, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
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Pérez de la Lastra JM, Curieses Andrés CM, Andrés Juan C, Plou FJ, Pérez-Lebeña E. Hydroxytyrosol and Arginine as Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Immunostimulant Dietary Supplements for COVID-19 and Long COVID. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101937. [PMID: 37238755 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals from plant extracts are becoming increasingly popular in the world of food science and technology because they have positive effects on human health. In particular, several bioactive foods and dietary supplements are being investigated as potential treatments for chronic COVID. Hydroxytyrosol (HXT) is a natural antioxidant, found in olive oil, with antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties that has been consumed by humans for centuries without reported adverse effects. Its use was approved by the European Food Safety Authority as a protective agent for the cardiovascular system. Similarly, arginine is a natural amino acid with anti-inflammatory properties that can modulate the activity of immune cells, reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α. The properties of both substances may be particularly beneficial in the context of COVID-19 and long COVID, which are characterised by inflammation and oxidative stress. While l-arginine promotes the formation of •NO, HXT prevents oxidative stress and inflammation in infected cells. This combination could prevent the formation of harmful peroxynitrite, a potent pro-inflammatory substance implicated in pneumonia and COVID-19-associated organ dysfunction, as well as reduce inflammation, improve immune function, protect against free radical damage and prevent blood vessel injury. Further research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits of HXT and arginine in the context of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra
- Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 3, 38206 San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
| | | | - Celia Andrés Juan
- Cinquima Institute and Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Valladolid University, Paseo de Belén, 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Plou
- Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Pal T, Anand U, Sikdar Mitra S, Biswas P, Tripathi V, Proćków J, Dey A, Pérez de la Lastra JM. Harnessing and bioprospecting botanical-based herbal medicines against potential drug targets for COVID-19: a review coupled molecular docking studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-23. [PMID: 37105230 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2187634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Since the end of February 2020, the world has come to a standstill due to the virus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Since then, the global scientific community has explored various remedies and treatments against this virus, including natural products that have always been a choice because of their many benefits. Various known phytochemicals are well documented for their antiviral properties. Research is being carried out to discover new natural plant products or existing ones as a treatment measure for this disease. The three important targets in this regard are-papain like protease (PLpro), spike protein, and 3 chymotrypsin like proteases (3CLpro). Various docking studies are also being elucidated to identify the phytochemicals that modulate crucial proteins of the virus. The paper is simultaneously a comprehensive review that covers recent advances in the domain of the effect of various botanically derived natural products as an alternative treatment approach against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Furthermore, the docking analyses revealed that rutin (inhibitor of the major protease of SARS-CoV-2), gallocatechin (e.g., interacting with 03 hydrogen bonds with a spike-like protein), lycorine (showing the best binding affinity with amino acids GLN498, THR500 and GLY446 of the spike-like protein), and quercetrin (inhabiting at its residues ASP216, PHE219, and ILE259) are promising inhibitors of SARS‑CoV‑2.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Pal
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | | | - Shreya Sikdar Mitra
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Protha Biswas
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Vijay Tripathi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - José M Pérez de la Lastra
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules Research Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA-CSIC, Tenerife, Spain
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10
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Watanabe C, Tanaka S, Okiyama Y, Yuki H, Ohyama T, Kamisaka K, Takaya D, Fukuzawa K, Honma T. Quantum Chemical Interaction Analysis between SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease and Ensitrelvir Compared with Its Initial Screening Hit. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3609-3620. [PMID: 37023394 PMCID: PMC10081834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A non-covalent oral drug targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), ensitrelvir (Xocova), has been developed using structure-based drug design (SBDD). To elucidate the factors responsible for enhanced inhibitory activities from an in silico screening hit compound to ensitrelvir, we analyzed the interaction energies of the inhibitors with each residue of Mpro using fragment molecular orbital (FMO) calculations. This analysis reveals that functional group conversion for P1' and P1 parts in the inhibitors increases the strength of existing interactions with Mpro and also provides novel interactions for ensitrelvir; the associated changes in the conformation of Mpro induce further interactions for ensitrelvir in other parts, including hydrogen bonds, a halogen bond, and π-orbital interactions. Thus, we illuminate the promising strategies of SBDD for leading ensitrelvir to get higher activity against Mpro by elucidating microscopic interactions through FMO-based analysis. These detailed mechanism findings, including water cross-linkings, will help to design novel inhibitors in SBDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiduru Watanabe
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research,
RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa
230-0045, Japan
| | - Shigenori Tanaka
- Department of Computational Science, Graduate School
of System Informatics, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku,
Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshio Okiyama
- Department of Computational Science, Graduate School
of System Informatics, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku,
Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hitomi Yuki
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research,
RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa
230-0045, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ohyama
- Frontier Institute for Biomolecular Engineering Research
(FIBER), Konan University, 7-1-20 Minatojima-minamimachi, Kobe
650-0047, Japan
| | - Kikuko Kamisaka
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research,
RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa
230-0045, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takaya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Osaka University,1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - Kaori Fukuzawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Osaka University,1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - Teruki Honma
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research,
RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa
230-0045, Japan
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11
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Soni A, Bhandari MP, Tripathi GK, Bundela P, Khiriya PK, Khare PS, Kashyap MK, Dey A, Vellingiri B, Sundaramurthy S, Suresh A, Pérez de la Lastra JM. Nano-biotechnology in tumour and cancerous disease: A perspective review. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:737-762. [PMID: 36840363 PMCID: PMC10002932 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, drug manufacturers and researchers have begun to consider the nanobiotechnology approach to improve the drug delivery system for tumour and cancer diseases. In this article, we review current strategies to improve tumour and cancer drug delivery, which mainly focuses on sustaining biocompatibility, biodistribution, and active targeting. The conventional therapy using cornerstone drugs such as fludarabine, cisplatin etoposide, and paclitaxel has its own challenges especially not being able to discriminate between tumour versus normal cells which eventually led to toxicity and side effects in the patients. In contrast to the conventional approach, nanoparticle-based drug delivery provides target-specific delivery and controlled release of the drug, which provides a better therapeutic window for treatment options by focusing on the eradication of diseased cells via active targeting and sparing normal cells via passive targeting. Additionally, treatment of tumours associated with the brain is hampered by the impermeability of the blood-brain barriers to the drugs, which eventually led to poor survival in the patients. Nanoparticle-based therapy offers superior delivery of drugs to the target by breaching the blood-brain barriers. Herein, we provide an overview of the properties of nanoparticles that are crucial for nanotechnology applications. We address the potential future applications of nanobiotechnology targeting specific or desired areas. In particular, the use of nanomaterials, biostructures, and drug delivery methods for the targeted treatment of tumours and cancer are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambikesh Soni
- School of Nanotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, India
| | | | - Gagan Kant Tripathi
- School of Nanotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, India
| | - Priyavand Bundela
- School of Nanotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, India
| | | | - Purnima Swarup Khare
- School of Nanotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Kashyap
- Amity Stem Cell Institute, Amity Medical School, Amity University Haryana, Haryana, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bathinda, India
| | - Suresh Sundaramurthy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, India
| | - Arisutha Suresh
- Department of Energy, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology & M/s Eco Science & Technology, Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, India
| | - José M Pérez de la Lastra
- Biotecnología de macromoléculas, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, (IPNA-CSIC), San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
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12
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Chan-Zapata I, Borges-Argáez R, Ayora-Talavera G. Quinones as Promising Compounds against Respiratory Viruses: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041981. [PMID: 36838969 PMCID: PMC9967002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viruses represent a world public health problem, giving rise to annual seasonal epidemics and several pandemics caused by some of these viruses, including the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2, which continues to date. Some antiviral drugs have been licensed for the treatment of influenza, but they cause side effects and lead to resistant viral strains. Likewise, aerosolized ribavirin is the only drug approved for the therapy of infections by the respiratory syncytial virus, but it possesses various limitations. On the other hand, no specific drugs are licensed to treat other viral respiratory diseases. In this sense, natural products and their derivatives have appeared as promising alternatives in searching for new compounds with antiviral activity. Besides their chemical properties, quinones have demonstrated interesting biological activities, including activity against respiratory viruses. This review summarizes the activity against respiratory viruses and their molecular targets by the different types of quinones (both natural and synthetic). Thus, the present work offers a general overview of the importance of quinones as an option for the future pharmacological treatment of viral respiratory infections, subject to additional studies that support their effectiveness and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Chan-Zapata
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Merida 97205, Mexico
| | - Rocío Borges-Argáez
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Merida 97205, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-99-99-42-83-30
| | - Guadalupe Ayora-Talavera
- Departamento de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Paseo de Las Fuentes, Merida 97225, Mexico
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13
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Diallo I, Jacob RA, Vion E, Kozak RA, Mossman K, Provost P. Altered microRNA Transcriptome in Cultured Human Airway Cells upon Infection with SARS-CoV-2. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020496. [PMID: 36851710 PMCID: PMC9962802 DOI: 10.3390/v15020496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous proteomic and transcriptomic studies have been carried out to better understand the current multi-variant SARS-CoV-2 virus mechanisms of action and effects. However, they are mostly centered on mRNAs and proteins. The effect of the virus on human post-transcriptional regulatory agents such as microRNAs (miRNAs), which are involved in the regulation of 60% of human gene activity, remains poorly explored. Similar to research we have previously undertaken with other viruses such as Ebola and HIV, in this study we investigated the miRNA profile of lung epithelial cells following infection with SARS-CoV-2. At the 24 and 72 h post-infection time points, SARS-CoV-2 did not drastically alter the miRNome. About 90% of the miRNAs remained non-differentially expressed. The results revealed that miR-1246, miR-1290 and miR-4728-5p were the most upregulated over time. miR-196b-5p and miR-196a-5p were the most downregulated at 24 h, whereas at 72 h, miR-3924, miR-30e-5p and miR-145-3p showed the highest level of downregulation. In the top significantly enriched KEGG pathways of genes targeted by differentially expressed miRNAs we found, among others, MAPK, RAS, P13K-Akt and renin secretion signaling pathways. Using RT-qPCR, we also showed that SARS-CoV-2 may regulate several predicted host mRNA targets involved in the entry of the virus into host cells (ACE2, TMPRSS2, ADAM17, FURIN), renin-angiotensin system (RAS) (Renin, Angiotensinogen, ACE), innate immune response (IL-6, IFN1β, CXCL10, SOCS4) and fundamental cellular processes (AKT, NOTCH, WNT). Finally, we demonstrated by dual-luciferase assay a direct interaction between miR-1246 and ACE-2 mRNA. This study highlights the modulatory role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idrissa Diallo
- CHU de Québec Research Center/CHUL Pavilion, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Rajesh Abraham Jacob
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Elodie Vion
- CHU de Québec Research Center/CHUL Pavilion, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Robert A. Kozak
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Karen Mossman
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Patrick Provost
- CHU de Québec Research Center/CHUL Pavilion, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-525-4444 (ext. 48842)
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14
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Shi Y, Song Y, Guo Z, Yu W, Zheng H, Ding S, Zhan S. COVID-19 pharmacological research trends: a bibliometric analysis. INTELLIGENT MEDICINE 2023; 3:1-9. [PMID: 35912137 PMCID: PMC9314264 DOI: 10.1016/j.imed.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is ravaging the world. Many therapies have been explored to treat COVID-19. This report aimed to assess the global research trends for the development of COVID-19 therapies. Methods We searched the relevant articles on COVID-19 therapies published from January 1, 2020, to May 25, 2022, in the Web of Science Core Collection Database (WOSCC). VOSviewer 1.6.18 software was used to assess data on the countries, institutions, authors, collaborations, keywords, and journals that were most implicated in COVID-19 pharmacological research. The latest research and changing trends in COVID-19-relevant pharmacological research were analyzed. Results After manually eliminating articles that do not meet the requirements, a total of 5,289 studies authored by 32,932 researchers were eventually included in the analyses, which comprised 95 randomized controlled trials. 3,044 (57.6%) studies were published in 2021. The USA conducted the greatest number of studies, followed by China and India. The primary USA collaborators were China and England. The topics covered in the publications included: the general characteristics, the impact on pharmacists' work, the pharmacological research, broad-spectrum antiviral drug therapy and research, and promising targets or preventive measures, such as vaccine. The temporal diagram revealed that the current research hotspots focused on the vaccine, molecular docking, Mpro, and drug delivery keywords. Conclusion Comprehensive bibliometric analysis could aid the rapid identification of the principal research topics, potential collaborators, and the direction of future research. Pharmacological research is critical for the development of therapeutic and preventive COVID-19-associated measures. This study may therefore provide valuable information for eradicating COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Shi
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yahan Song
- Library of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhijun Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272007, China
| | - Huiling Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shigang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Siyan Zhan
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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15
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Andrés CMC, Pérez de la Lastra JM, Juan CA, Plou FJ, Pérez-Lebeña E. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Cancer and COVID-19 as Associated with Oxidative Stress. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:218. [PMID: 36851096 PMCID: PMC9966263 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells MDSCs are a heterogeneous population of cells that expand beyond their physiological regulation during pathologies such as cancer, inflammation, bacterial, and viral infections. Their key feature is their remarkable ability to suppress T cell and natural killer NK cell responses. Certain risk factors for severe COVID-19 disease, such as obesity and diabetes, are associated with oxidative stress. The resulting inflammation and oxidative stress can negatively impact the host. Similarly, cancer cells exhibit a sustained increase in intrinsic ROS generation that maintains the oncogenic phenotype and drives tumor progression. By disrupting endoplasmic reticulum calcium channels, intracellular ROS accumulation can disrupt protein folding and ultimately lead to proteostasis failure. In cancer and COVID-19, MDSCs consist of the same two subtypes (PMN-MSDC and M-MDSC). While the main role of polymorphonuclear MDSCs is to dampen the response of T cells and NK killer cells, they also produce reactive oxygen species ROS and reactive nitrogen species RNS. We here review the origin of MDSCs, their expansion mechanisms, and their suppressive functions in the context of cancer and COVID-19 associated with the presence of superoxide anion •O2- and reactive oxygen species ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra
- Cinquima Institute and Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Valladolid University, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Celia Andrés Juan
- Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Plou
- Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Ekanayake A, Rajapaksha AU, Hewawasam C, Anand U, Bontempi E, Kurwadkar S, Biswas JK, Vithanage M. Environmental challenges of COVID-19 pandemic: resilience and sustainability - A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114496. [PMID: 36257453 PMCID: PMC9576205 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of novel respiratory disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has become a public health emergency worldwide and perturbed the global economy and ecosystem services. Many studies have reported the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in different environmental compartments, its transmission via environmental routes, and potential environmental challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. None of these studies have comprehensively reviewed the bidirectional relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and the environment. For the first time, we explored the relationship between the environment and the SARS-CoV-2 virus/COVID-19 and how they affect each other. Supporting evidence presented here clearly demonstrates the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in soil and water, denoting the role of the environment in the COVID-19 transmission process. However, most studies fail to determine if the viral genomes they have discovered are infectious, which could be affected by the environmental factors in which they are found.The potential environmental impact of the pandemic, including water pollution, chemical contamination, increased generation of non-biodegradable waste, and single-use plastics have received the most attention. For the most part, efficient measures have been used to address the current environmental challenges from COVID-19, including using environmentally friendly disinfection technologies and employing measures to reduce the production of plastic wastes, such as the reuse and recycling of plastics. Developing sustainable solutions to counter the environmental challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic should be included in national preparedness strategies. In conclusion, combating the pandemic and accomplishing public health goals should be balanced with environmentally sustainable measures, as the two are closely intertwined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Ekanayake
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka; Instrument Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka.
| | - Choolaka Hewawasam
- Faculty of Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, University of Brescia, via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Sudarshan Kurwadkar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, California State University, 800 N. State College Blvd., Fullerton, CA, 92831, USA
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Department of Ecological Studies & International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
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17
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Dey S, Anand U, Kumar V, Kumar S, Ghorai M, Ghosh A, Kant N, Suresh S, Bhattacharya S, Bontempi E, Bhat SA, Dey A. Microbial strategies for degradation of microplastics generated from COVID-19 healthcare waste. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114438. [PMID: 36179880 PMCID: PMC9514963 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has led to the generation of massive plastic wastes, comprising of onetime useable gloves, masks, tissues, and other personal protective equipment (PPE). Recommendations for the employ of single-use disposable masks made up of various polymeric materials like polyethylene, polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, and polypropylene, polystyrene, can have significant aftermath on environmental, human as well as animal health. Improper disposal and handling of healthcare wastes and lack of proper management practices are creating serious health hazards and an extra challenge for the local authorities designated for management of solid waste. Most of the COVID-19 medical wastes generated are now being treated by incineration which generates microplastic particles (MPs), dioxin, furans, and various toxic metals, such as cadmium and lead. Moreover, natural degradation and mechanical abrasion of these wastes can lead to the generation of MPs which cause a serious health risk to living beings. It is a major threat to aquatic lives and gets into foods subsequently jeopardizing global food safety. Moreover, the presence of plastic is also considered a threat owing to the increased carbon emission and poses a profound danger to the global food chain. Degradation of MPs by axenic and mixed culture microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, microalgae etc. can be considered an eco-sustainable technique for the mitigation of the microplastic menace. This review primarily deals with the increase in microplastic pollution due to increased use of PPE along with different disinfection methods using chemicals, steam, microwave, autoclave, and incineration which are presently being employed for the treatment of COVID-19 pandemic-related wastes. The biological treatment of the MPs by diverse groups of fungi and bacteria can be an alternative option for the mitigation of microplastic wastes generated from COVID-19 healthcare waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satarupa Dey
- Department of Botany, Shyampur Siddheswari Mahavidyalaya (affiliated to University of Calcutta), Howrah-711312, West Bengal, India.
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Waste Re-processing Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India; Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, School of Engineering and Sciences, GD Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurugram, Haryana,122103, India.
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Waste Re-processing Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mimosa Ghorai
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Arabinda Ghosh
- Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, 781014, Assam, India
| | - Nishi Kant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi, 110016, India
| | - S Suresh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, 462 003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sayan Bhattacharya
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, Nalanda, 803116, Bihar, India
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sartaj Ahmad Bhat
- Waste Re-processing Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India; River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
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Rosada T, Napiórkowska – Baran K, Cała Ł, Alska E, Paulina K, Czarnowska M, Bartuzi Z. Safety of mRNA COVID-19 vaccinations in patients with allergic diseases. PUBLIC HEALTH IN PRACTICE 2022; 5:100354. [PMID: 36590876 PMCID: PMC9789542 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2022.100354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the degree of safety and possible risk of acute allergic reactions following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination among a group of patients predisposed to allergic diseases. Study design The study survey took place between May 2021 and February 2022. Each participant completed an initial pre-vaccination questionnaire during patient eligibility assessment for vaccination, and two subsequent questionnaires were completed approximately 21 days after the first and second doses of vaccination. Methods The study included 52 patients aged >18 years. Participants were a select group of patients who, due to a history of severe allergic disease, were not eligible for vaccination at the COVID-19 Vaccination Points available in Poland. Results None of the patients developed serious allergic complications in the form of anaphylaxis. There were no statistically significant differences between the first vaccination and the second vaccination in terms of symptoms, the time of onset and duration. The age of the participants did not correlate statistically with the occurrence of symptoms following the first or second vaccination. Conclusions Based on the study results, it can be concluded that mRNA COVID-19 vaccines show a favourable safety profile for patients with a history of allergic disease and constitute the optimal strategy for fighting the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The study results support the recommendation of COVID-19 vaccinations for people predisposed to allergic diseases due to the clear benefits of vaccination over the possible risk of adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Rosada
- Department and Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Poland,Corresponding author. Department and Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszczul. Ujejskiego 75, 85-168, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Napiórkowska – Baran
- Department and Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Łukasz Cała
- Department and Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ewa Alska
- Department and Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Kęsicka Paulina
- Students' Scientific Club of Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases At, Department and Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Czarnowska
- Students' Scientific Club of Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases At, Department and Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Bartuzi
- Department and Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Poland
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19
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Polymeric Materials as Indispensable Tools to Fight RNA Viruses: SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120816. [PMID: 36551022 PMCID: PMC9816944 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Towards the end of 2019 in Wuhan, suspicions of a new dangerous virus circulating in the air began to arise. It was the start of the world pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since then, considerable research data and review papers about this virus have been published. Hundreds of researchers have shared their work in order to achieve a better comprehension of this disease, all with the common goal of overcoming this pandemic. The coronavirus is structurally similar to influenza A. Both are RNA viruses and normally associated with comparable infection symptoms. In this review, different case studies targeting polymeric materials were appraised to highlight them as an indispensable tool to fight these RNA viruses. In particular, the main focus was how polymeric materials, and their versatile features could be applied in different stages of viral disease, i.e., in protection, detection and treatment.
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Más-Bermejo PI, Dickinson-Meneses FO, Almenares-Rodríguez K, Sánchez-Valdés L, Guinovart-Díaz R, Vidal-Ledo M, Galbán-García E, Olivera-Nodarse Y, Morgado-Vega I, Dueñas-Carrera S, Pujol M, Hernández-Bernal F, Limonta-Fernández M, Guillén-Nieto G, Muzio-González VL, Ayala-Ávila M. Cuban Abdala vaccine: Effectiveness in preventing severe disease and death from COVID-19 in Havana, Cuba; A cohort study. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2022; 16:100366. [PMID: 36185968 PMCID: PMC9507841 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 vaccines have proven safe and efficacious in reducing severe illness and death. Cuban protein subunit vaccine Abdala has shown safety, tolerability and efficacy (92·3% [95% CI: 85·7‒95·8]) against SARS-CoV-2 in clinical trials. This study aimed to estimate Abdala's real-world vaccine effectiveness (VE). Methods This retrospective cohort study in Havana analyzed Cuban Ministry of Public Health databases (May 12-August 31, 2021) to assess VE in preventing severe illness and death from COVID-19 (primary outcomes). Cox models accounting for time-varying vaccination status and adjusting by demographics were used to estimate hazard ratios. A subgroup analysis by age group and a sensitivity analysis including a subgroup of tested persons (qRT-PCR) were conducted. Daily cases and deaths were modelled accounting for different VE. Findings The study included 1 355 638 persons (Mean age: 49·5 years [SD: 18·2]; 704 932 female [52·0%]; ethnicity data unavailable): 1 324 vaccinated (partially/fully) and 31 433 unvaccinated. Estimated VE against severe illness was 93·3% (95% CI: 92·1-94·3) in partially- vaccinated and 98·2% (95% CI: 97·9-98·5) in fully-vaccinated and against death was 94·1% (95% CI: 92·5-95·4) in partially-vaccinated and 98·7% (95% CI: 98·3-99·0) in fully-vaccinated. VE exceeded 92·0% in all age groups. Daily cases and deaths during the study period corresponded to a VE above 90%, as predicted by models. Interpretation The Cuban Abdala protein subunit vaccine was highly effective in preventing severe illness and death from COVID-19 under real-life conditions. Funding Cuban Ministry of Public Health. Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Centre.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Merardo Pujol
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Centre, Havana, Cuba
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Mitra SS, Ghorai M, Nandy S, Mukherjee N, Kumar M, Radha, Ghosh A, Jha NK, Proćków J, Dey A. Barbaloin: an amazing chemical from the 'wonder plant' with multidimensional pharmacological attributes. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:1525-1536. [PMID: 36173445 PMCID: PMC9520999 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02294-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. is nicknamed the 'Miracle plant' or sometimes as the 'Wonder plant'. It is a plant that has been used since ancient times for the innumerable health benefits associated with it. It is one of the important plants that has its use in conventional medicinal treatments. It is a perennial succulent, drought-tolerant member of the family Asphodelaceae. There are scores of properties associated with the plant that help in curing various forms of human ailments. Extracts and gels obtained from plants have been shown to be wonderful healers of different conditions, mainly various skin problems. Also, this plant is popular in the cosmetics industry. The underlying properties of the plant are now mainly associated with the natural phytochemicals present in the plant. Diverse groups of phytoingredients are found in the plant, including various phenolics, amino acids, sugars, vitamins, and different other organic compounds, too. One of the primary ingredients found in the plant is the aloin molecule. It is an anthraquinone derivative and exists as an isomer of Aloin A and Aloin B. Barbaloin belonging to the first group is a glucoside of the aloe-emodin anthrone molecule. Various types of pharmacological properties exhibited by the plant can be attributed to this chemical. Few significant ones are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, and anti-viral, along with their different immunity-boosting actions. Recently, molecular coupling studies have also found the role of these molecules as a potential cure against the ongoing COVID-19 disease. This study comprehensively focuses on the numerous pharmacological actions of the primary compound barbaloin obtained from the Aloe vera plant along with the mechanism of action and the potent application of these natural molecules under various conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Sikdar Mitra
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Mimosa Ghorai
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Samapika Nandy
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Nobendu Mukherjee
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research On Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Arabinda Ghosh
- Department of Botany, Gauhati University, 781014, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
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22
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SARS-CoV-2 Specific Humoral Immune Responses after BNT162b2 Vaccination in Hospital Healthcare Workers. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122038. [PMID: 36560450 PMCID: PMC9782529 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 pandemic has led to a loss of human life in millions and devastating socio-economic consequences worldwide. So far, vaccination is the most effective long-term strategy to control and prevent severe COVID-19 disease. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the humoral immune responses raised against the BNT162b2 vaccine in hospital healthcare workers. METHODS Total number of 173 healthcare workers enrolled in the study. Their blood samples were collected in three different time intervals after the second SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and evaluated by the ELISA method to detect anti-spike protein IgM and IgG antibodies. The baseline characteristics of all participants were collected using questionnaires and were evaluated for finding any significant data. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that the levels of antibodies were higher in the young group (21-30 years old) and also among male participants. Moreover, the highest levels of antibodies were detected from the group that received the third shot vaccination. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that age, gender and third-dose vaccination can affect the levels of humoral immune responses against the BNT162b2 vaccine in healthcare workers.
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Anand U, Bandyopadhyay A, Jha NK, Pérez de la Lastra JM, Dey A. Translational aspect in peptide drug discovery and development: An emerging therapeutic candidate. Biofactors 2022; 49:251-269. [PMID: 36326181 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In the last two decades, protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have been used as the main target for drug development. However, with larger or superficial binding sites, it has been extremely difficult to disrupt PPIs with small molecules. On the other hand, intracellular PPIs cannot be targeted by antibodies that cannot penetrate the cell membrane. Peptides that have a combination of conformational rigidity and flexibility can be used to target difficult binding interfaces with appropriate binding affinity and specificity. Since the introduction of insulin nearly a century ago, more than 80 peptide drugs have been approved to treat a variety of diseases. These include deadly diseases such as cancer and human immunodeficiency virus infection. It is also useful against diabetes, chronic pain, and osteoporosis. Today, more research is being done on these drugs as lessons learned from earlier approaches, which are still valid today, complement newer approaches such as peptide display libraries. At the same time, integrated genomics and peptide display libraries are new strategies that open new avenues for peptide drug discovery. The purpose of this review is to examine the problems in elucidating the peptide-protein recognition mechanism. This is important to develop peptide-based interventions that interfere with endogenous protein interactions. New approaches are being developed to improve the binding affinity and specificity of existing approaches and to develop peptide agents as potentially useful drugs. We also highlight the key challenges that must be overcome in peptide drug development to realize their potential and provide an overview of recent trends in peptide drug development. In addition, we take an in-depth look at early efforts in human hormone discovery, smart medicinal chemistry and design, natural peptide drugs, and breakthrough advances in molecular biology and peptide chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - José M Pérez de la Lastra
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules Research Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA-CSIC, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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24
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A safe haven of SARS-CoV-2 in the environment: Prevalence and potential transmission risks in the effluent, sludge, and biosolids. GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS 2022; 13. [PMID: 37521134 PMCID: PMC8861126 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsf.2022.101373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which has caused millions of death globally is recognized to be unstable and recalcitrant in the environment, especially in the way it has been evolving to form new and highly transmissible variants. Of particular concerns are human-environment interactions and the handling and reusing the environmental materials, such as effluents, sludge, or biosolids laden with the SARS-CoV-2 without adequate treatments, thereby suggesting potential transmission and health risks. This study assesses the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in effluents, sludge, and biosolids. Further, we evaluate the environmental, ecological, and health risks of reusing these environmental materials by wastewater/sludge workers and farmers. A systematic review of literature from the Scopus database resulted in a total of 21 articles (11 for effluents, 8 for sludge, and 2 for biosolids) that met the criteria for meta-analysis, which are then subdivided into 30 meta-analyzed studies. The prevalence of SAR-CoV-2 RNA in effluent and sludge based on random-effect models are 27.51 and 1012.25, respectively, with a 95% CI between 6.14 and 48.89 for the effluent, and 104.78 and 1019.71 for the sludge. However, the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the biosolids based on the fixed-effect model is 30.59, with a 95% CI between 10.10 and 51.08. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in environmental materials indicates the inefficiency in some of the treatment systems currently deployed to inactivate and remove the novel virus, which could be a potential health risk concern to vulnerable wastewater workers in particular, and the environmental and ecological issues for the population at large. This timely review portends the associated risks in handling and reusing environmental materials without proper and adequate treatments.
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25
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Shaik RA, Ahmad MS, Alzahrani M, Alzerwi NAN, Alnemare AK, Reyzah M, Albar HM, Alshagrawi S, Elkhalifa AME, Alzahrani R, Alrohaimi Y, Mahfoz TMB, Ahmad RK, Alahmdi RA, Al-baradie NRS. Comprehensive Highlights of the Universal Efforts towards the Development of COVID-19 Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101689. [PMID: 36298554 PMCID: PMC9611897 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The world has taken proactive measures to combat the pandemic since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, which was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). These measures range from increasing the production of personal protective equipment (PPE) and highlighting the value of social distancing to the emergency use authorization (EUA) of therapeutic drugs or antibodies and their appropriate use; nonetheless, the disease is still spreading quickly and is ruining people’s social lives, the economy, and public health. As a result, effective vaccines are critical for bringing the pandemic to an end and restoring normalcy in society. Several potential COVID-19 vaccines are now being researched, developed, tested, and reviewed. Since the end of June 2022, several vaccines have been provisionally approved, whereas others are about to be approved. In the upcoming years, a large number of new medications that are presently undergoing clinical testing are anticipated to hit the market. To illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of their technique, to emphasize the additives and delivery methods used in their creation, and to project potential future growth, this study explores these vaccines and the related research endeavors, including conventional and prospective approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyaz Ahamed Shaik
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohammed Shakil Ahmad
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Alzahrani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser A. N. Alzerwi
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Ministry of Education, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad K. Alnemare
- Otolaryngology Department, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaed Reyzah
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Ministry of Education, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham M. Albar
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Ministry of Education, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salah Alshagrawi
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh 11673, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. E. Elkhalifa
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh 11673, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Haematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti 1158, Sudan
| | - Raed Alzahrani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Alrohaimi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki M. Bin Mahfoz
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ritu Kumar Ahmad
- Applied Medical Sciences, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah 51418, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyadh Ahmed Alahmdi
- Department of Family Medicine, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAAUH), Princess Nourah Bin Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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Atanasov P, Moneva-Sakelarieva M, Kobakova Y, Obreshkova D, Ivanov I, Chaneva M, Popova M, Petkova V, Ivanova S. Tobacco smokers as target group for complicated coronavirus infection. PHARMACIA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.69.e91095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of current study was to determine, retrospectively, possible correlations between smoking and the incidence, course severity, intubation rate, and mortality (by gender and age) in patients treated for complicated coronavirus infection in the internal medicine clinic at UMHATEM ”N. I. Pirogov” Sofia for the period 01.03.2020–31.12.2020. In a prospective study, the recovery period and immunogenesis in smokers and non-smokers within a one-year period after hospital discharge was investigated. The applied methods were: 1) computed tomography and blood gas analysis 2) chemiluminescent immunoassay for the qualitative determination of total IgM, IgA and IgG anti-SARS-CoV2 AB. Results showed that the part of non-smokers with a positive PCR test is significantly higher compared to the group of former and current smokers. The data obtained from the study confirmed that Covid infection is much more severe among smokers and former smokers with a higher levels of inflammatory markers noticed among the smoking group.
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Naveed M, Sheraz M, Amin A, Waseem M, Aziz T, Khan AA, Ghani M, Shahzad M, Alruways MW, Dablool AS, Elazzazy AM, Almalki AA, Alamri AS, Alhomrani M. Designing a Novel Peptide-Based Multi-Epitope Vaccine to Evoke a Robust Immune Response against Pathogenic Multidrug-Resistant Providencia heimbachae. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081300. [PMID: 36016188 PMCID: PMC9413917 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Providencia heimbachae, a Gram -ve, rod-shaped, and opportunistic bacteria isolated from the urine, feces, and skin of humans engage in a wide range of infectious diseases such as urinary tract infection (UTI), gastroenteritis, and bacteremia. This bacterium belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family and can resist antibiotics known as multidrug-resistant (MDR), and as such can be life-threatening to humans. After retrieving the whole proteomic sequence of P. heimbachae ATCC 35613, a total of 6 non-homologous and pathogenic proteins were separated. These shortlisted proteins were further analyzed for epitope prediction and found to be highly non-toxic, non-allergenic, and antigenic. From these sequences, T-cell and B-cell (major histocompatibility complex class 1 and 2) epitopes were extracted that provided vaccine constructs, which were then analyzed for population coverage to find its reliability worldwide. The population coverage for MHC-1 and MHC-2 was 98.29% and 81.81%, respectively. Structural prediction was confirmed by validation through physiochemical molecular and immunological characteristics to design a stable and effective vaccine that could give positive results when injected into the body of the organism. Due to this approach, computational vaccines could be an effective alternative against pathogenic microbe since they cover a large population with positive results. In the end, the given findings may help the experimental vaccinologists to develop a very potent and effective peptide-based vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (T.A.)
| | - Mohsin Sheraz
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Aatif Amin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Aziz
- Pak-Austria Fachhochschule, Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Haripur 22621, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (T.A.)
| | - Ayaz Ali Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
| | - Mustajab Ghani
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25100, Pakistan
| | - Mashael W. Alruways
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra 15273, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas S. Dablool
- Department of Public Health, Health Sciences College Al-Leith, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah al-Mukarammah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Elazzazy
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Abdulraheem Ali Almalki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhakeem S. Alamri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alhomrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Zhao H, Zhang C, Lam H, Meng X, Peng Z, Yeung ML, Chan JFW, Kai-Wang To K, Yuen KY. Peptidic defective interfering gene nanoparticles against Omicron, Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants and influenza A virus in vivo. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:266. [PMID: 35922403 PMCID: PMC9349215 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective interfering genes (DIGs) are short viral genomes and interfere with wild-type viral replication. Here, we demonstrate that the new designed SARS-CoV-2 DIG (CD3600) can significantly inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 including Alpha, Delta, Kappa and Omicron variants in human HK-2 cells and influenza DIG (PAD4) can significantly inhibit influenza virus replication in human A549 cells. One dose of influenza DIGs prophylactically protects 90% mice from lethal challenge of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus and CD3600 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in hamster lungs when DIGs are administrated to lungs one day before viral challenge. To further investigate the gene delivery vector in the respiratory tract, a peptidic TAT2-P1&LAH4, which can package genes to form small spherical nanoparticles with high endosomal escape ability, is demonstrated to dramatically increase gene expression in the lung airway. TAT2-P1&LAH4, with the dual-functional TAT2-P1 (gene-delivery and antiviral), can deliver CD3600 to significantly inhibit the replication of Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 in hamster lungs. This peptide-based nanoparticle system can effectively transfect genes in lungs and deliver DIGs to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 variants and influenza virus in vivo, which provides the new insight into the drug delivery system for gene therapy against respiratory viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. .,Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. .,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. .,Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Chuyuan Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Hoiyan Lam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xinjie Meng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Zheng Peng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Man Lung Yeung
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kelvin Kai-Wang To
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. .,Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. .,Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. .,Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China. .,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. .,Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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Qin Z, Sun Y, Zhang J, Zhou L, Chen Y, Huang C. Lessons from SARS‑CoV‑2 and its variants (Review). Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:263. [PMID: 35730623 PMCID: PMC9260876 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has swept through mainland China by human-to-human transmission. The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, including the currently prevalent Omicron strain, pose a serious threat worldwide. The present review summarizes epidemiological investigation and etiological analysis of genomic, epidemiological, and pathological characteristics of the original strain and its variants, as well as progress in diagnosis and treatment. Prevention and control measures used during the current Omicron pandemic are discussed to provide further knowledge of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Qin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yujuan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Chuanjun Huang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
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30
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Diversity Exploration: A Way to Serve the Three Main Weapons against Epidemics, Hygiene, Vaccine Development and Chemotherapy. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081492. [PMID: 35893550 PMCID: PMC9331089 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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31
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Foster TL, Khaiboullina SF. Special Issue: 'Pathogenesis of Emerging Zoonotic Viral Infections'. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11070736. [PMID: 35889982 PMCID: PMC9322879 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11070736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging zoonotic infections present a serious global health threat [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshana L. Foster
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK;
| | - Svetlana F. Khaiboullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
- Correspondence:
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32
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Influence of Information Sources on Chinese Parents Regarding COVID-19 Vaccination for Children: An Online Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127037. [PMID: 35742283 PMCID: PMC9222823 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
(1) Aims: This study explored the mechanism by which exposure to different information sources on social media influences Chinese parents' intention to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. (2) Methods: We developed a research framework based on the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) theory to illustrate how exposure to information sources on social media increases vaccine confidence and, as a result, parents' intentions regarding pediatric vaccination. The partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method was used to test the data collected through an online survey (687 valid samples). (3) Results: The government approval of vaccines fuels vaccination confidence and acts as a mediator between (a) mass media, government new media, and key opinion leaders, and (b) perceived effectiveness and side effects (safety) of vaccines. (4) Conclusions: The mass media, government new media, and key opinion leaders are crucial sources for encouraging parents to vaccinate their children since they boost the vaccination trust. The focus of COVID-19 vaccination promotion should be to strengthen parents' trust in the government, combined with publicizing the effectiveness and side effects (safety) of vaccines.
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33
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Pérez de la Lastra JM, Anand U, González-Acosta S, López MR, Dey A, Bontempi E, Morales delaNuez A. Antimicrobial Resistance in the COVID-19 Landscape: Is There an Opportunity for Anti-Infective Antibodies and Antimicrobial Peptides? Front Immunol 2022; 13:921483. [PMID: 35720330 PMCID: PMC9205220 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.921483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although COVID-19 has captured most of the public health attention, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has not disappeared. To prevent the escape of resistant microorganisms in animals or environmental reservoirs a "one health approach" is desirable. In this context of COVID-19, AMR has probably been affected by the inappropriate or over-use of antibiotics. The increased use of antimicrobials and biocides for disinfection may have enhanced the prevalence of AMR. Antibiotics have been used empirically in patients with COVID-19 to avoid or prevent bacterial coinfection or superinfections. On the other hand, the measures to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 could have reduced the risk of the emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Since we do not currently have a sterilizing vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the virus may still multiply in the organism and new mutations may occur. As a consequence, there is a risk of the appearance of new variants. Nature-derived anti-infective agents, such as antibodies and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), are very promising in the fight against infectious diseases, because they are less likely to develop resistance, even though further investigation is still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Pérez de la Lastra
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA (CSIC), San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sergio González-Acosta
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA (CSIC), San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
| | - Manuel R. López
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA (CSIC), San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Elza Bontempi
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM) and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Morales delaNuez
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA (CSIC), San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
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Biswas P, Anand U, Saha SC, Kant N, Mishra T, Masih H, Bar A, Pandey DK, Jha N, Majumder M, Das N, Gadekar V, Shekhawat MS, Kumar M, Radha, Proćków J, de la Lastra JMP, Dey A. Betelvine (Piper betle L.): A comprehensive insight into its ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological, biomedical and therapeutic attributes. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3083-3119. [PMID: 35502487 PMCID: PMC9170825 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Piper betle L. (synonym: Piper betel Blanco), or betel vine, an economically and medicinally important cash crop, belongs to the family Piperaceae, often known as the green gold. The plant can be found all over the world and is cultivatedprimarily in South East Asian countries for its beautiful glossy heart-shaped leaves, which are chewed or consumed as betelquidand widely used in Chinese and Indian folk medicine, as carminative, stimulant,astringent, against parasitic worms, conjunctivitis, rheumatism, wound, etc., andis also used for religious purposes. Hydroxychavicol is the most important bioactive compound among the wide range of phytoconstituents found in essential oil and extracts. The pharmacological attributes of P. betle are antiproliferation, anticancer, neuropharmacological, analgesic, antioxidant, antiulcerogenic, hepatoprotective, antifertility, antibacterial, antifungal and many more. Immense attention has been paid to nanoformulations and their applications. The application of P. betle did not show cytotoxicity in preclinical experiments, suggesting that it could serve as a promising therapeutic candidate for different diseases. The present review comprehensively summarizes the botanical description, geographical distribution, economic value and cultivation, ethnobotanical uses, preclinical pharmacological properties with insights of toxicological, clinical efficacy, and safety of P. betle. The findings suggest that P. betle represents an orally active and safe natural agent that exhibits great therapeutic potential for managing various human medical conditions. However, further research is needed to elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms of action, clinical aspects, structure-activity relationships, bioavailability and synergistic interactions with other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Protha Biswas
- Department of Life SciencesPresidency UniversityKolkataWest BengalIndia
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Suchismita Chatterjee Saha
- Department of ZoologyNabadwip Vidyasagar College (Affiliated to the University of Kalyani)NabadwipWest BengalIndia
| | - Nishi Kant
- Department of BiotechnologySchool of Health and Allied ScienceARKA Jain UniversityJamshedpurJharkhandIndia
| | - Tulika Mishra
- Department of BotanyDeen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur UniversityGorakhpurUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Harison Masih
- Department of Industrial MicrobiologyJacob Institute of Biotechnology and BioengineeringSam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and SciencesPrayagrajUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Ananya Bar
- Department of ZoologyWilson College (Affiliated to University of Mumbai)MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | | | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of BiotechnologySchool of Engineering & TechnologySharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Madhumita Majumder
- Department of BotanyRaidighi College (Affiliated to University of Calcutta)RaidighiWest BengalIndia
| | - Neela Das
- Department of BotanyRishi Bankim Chandra College (Affiliated to the West Bengal State University)NaihatiWest BengalIndia
| | - Vijaykumar Shivaji Gadekar
- Zoology DepartmentSangola College (Affiliated to Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University)SolapurMaharashtraIndia
| | - Mahipal S. Shekhawat
- Plant Biotechnology UnitKanchi Mamunivar Government Institute for Postgraduate Studies and ResearchPuducherryIndia
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing DivisionICAR ‐ Central Institute for Research on Cotton TechnologyMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental SciencesShoolini University of Biotechnology and Management SciencesSolanHimachal PradeshIndia
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant BiologyInstitute of Environmental BiologyWrocław University of Environmental and Life SciencesWrocławPoland
| | - José M. Pérez de la Lastra
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones científicas (CSIS)Santa Cruz de TenerifeSpain
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life SciencesPresidency UniversityKolkataWest BengalIndia
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35
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Majid U, Ahmad M, Zain S, Akande A, Ikhlaq F. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and acceptance: a comprehensive scoping review of global literature. Health Promot Int 2022; 37:6631489. [PMID: 35788306 PMCID: PMC9278223 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As countries continue the third year of the pandemic, we believe that there has been unfair attention to COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and safety, while tacitly ignoring serious challenges with vaccine uptake, without which vaccination may not be effective against the spread of COVID-19. While several studies have been published on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, there remains a need to conduct a comprehensive global analysis of vaccine hesitancy. We conducted a scoping review of 60 studies published globally on vaccine hesitancy and acceptance. We conducted a qualitative analysis to identify motivators and barriers to vaccination across several cultural and demographic contexts. We found the following factors to be relevant in any discussion about addressing or minimizing vaccine hesitancy: risk perceptions, trust in health care systems, solidarity, previous experiences with vaccines, misinformation, concerns about vaccine side effects and political ideology. We combine our insights from this comprehensive review of global literature to offer an important and practical discussion about two strategies that have been used to improve vaccine uptake: (i) communication and education and (ii) vaccine rollout and logistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Majid
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mobeen Ahmad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Abington Memorial Hospital, Abington Jefferson Health, Abington, PA, USA
| | - Shahzadi Zain
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Adebisi Akande
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fahham Ikhlaq
- Department of Health and Society, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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36
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Detection of Platelet-Activating Antibodies Associated with Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia by Flow Cytometry: An Italian Experience. Viruses 2022; 14:v14061133. [PMID: 35746602 PMCID: PMC9228627 DOI: 10.3390/v14061133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare cases of thrombocytopenia and thrombosis after anti-COVID-19 adenovirus-associated mRNA vaccines (VITT) due to platelet-activating anti-platelet-factor 4 (PF4)/polyanion antibodies have been reported. VITT laboratory diagnosis, similarly to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) diagnosis, requires immunoassays for anti-PF4/polyanion antibodies identification, such as ELISA assays and platelet-activating functional tests, such as heparin-induced platelet activation test (HIPA), to confirm their pathogenicity. We compared the flow cytometry (FC) measurement of platelet p-selectin exposure to the gold standard functional test HIPA for diagnosis confirmation in 13 patients with a clinical VITT syndrome (6M/7F; median age 56 (33–78)) who resulted positive to anti-PF4/polyanion antibodies ELISA assays (12/13). FC and HIPA similarly identified three different patterns: (1) a typical non-heparin-dependent VITT pattern (seven and six patients by FC and HIPA, respectively); (2) low/no platelet activation in patients under IvIg therapy (five out of five and two out of four patients by FC and HIPA, respectively); (3) a HIT pattern. Antibodies investigated by FC became negative after 7, 17, and 24 days of therapy in three patients. FC measurement of P-selectin exposure was as sensitive as HIPA but simpler to detect anti-PF4/polyanion antibodies in VITT patients. FC could reliably discriminate VITT from HIT, thus helping for the choice of the anticoagulant.
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Anand U, Carpena M, Kowalska-Góralska M, Garcia-Perez P, Sunita K, Bontempi E, Dey A, Prieto MA, Proćków J, Simal-Gandara J. Safer plant-based nanoparticles for combating antibiotic resistance in bacteria: A comprehensive review on its potential applications, recent advances, and future perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 821:153472. [PMID: 35093375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance is one of the current threats to human health, forcing the use of drugs that are more noxious, costlier, and with low efficiency. There are several causes behind antibiotic resistance, including over-prescription of antibiotics in both humans and livestock. In this scenario, researchers are shifting to new alternatives to fight back this concerning situation. SCOPE AND APPROACH Nanoparticles have emerged as new tools that can be used to combat deadly bacterial infections directly or indirectly to overcome antibiotic resistance. Although nanoparticles are being used in the pharmaceutical industry, there is a constant concern about their toxicity toward human health because of the involvement of well-known toxic chemicals (i.e., sodium/potassium borohydride) making their use very risky for eukaryotic cells. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS Multiple nanoparticle-based approaches to counter bacterial infections, providing crucial insight into the design of elements that play critical roles in the creation of antimicrobial nanotherapeutic drugs, are currently underway. In this context, plant-based nanoparticles will be less toxic than many other forms, which constitute promising candidates to avoid widespread damage to the microbiome associated with current practices. This article aims to review the actual knowledge on plant-based nanoparticle products for antibiotic resistance and the possible replacement of antibiotics to treat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
| | - M Carpena
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Monika Kowalska-Góralska
- Department of Limnology and Fisheries, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Breeding, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - P Garcia-Perez
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Kumari Sunita
- Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh 273009, India
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Miguel A Prieto
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Kożuchowska 7a, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Arslanoglu Aydin E, Baglan E, Bagrul I, Tuncez S, Ozdel S, Bulbul M. Safety of COVID-19 vaccines and disease flares after vaccines in children with rheumatic disease. Postgrad Med 2022; 134:616-621. [PMID: 35535525 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2022.2074700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Wide spread availability of safe and effective vaccines for COVID-19 in all countries is the best hope to end the COVID-19 pandemic. However, in developing countries, the hesitancy of the society about vaccination is an important problem in terms of public health. This study aimed to investigate the acceptability and tolerability of COVID-19 vaccines in the pediatric population diagnosed with rheumatic disease, as well as the attitudes towards these vaccines. METHODS This is an observational, cross sectional, single center study. Pediatric patients with at least one diagnosis of rheumatic disease were included in this study to investigate patient and family acceptability and safety of COVID-19 vaccines. RESULTS A total of 228 patients with rheumatic disease were included in this study. Ninety nine (43.4%) of the patients were juvenile idiopathic arthritis. One hundred and five (46%) of the patients were using biological agent treatment for their rheumatic disease, whereas 123 (54%) of the patients were not. No serious adverse effect related to the COVID-19 vaccine were observed in any of the patients. No disease activation was observed in any of them. CONCLUSION There are only a few studies evaluating of the safety and disease flare of COVID-19 vaccines in children with rheumatic disease. Although this study has some limitations, such as the small sample size of patients with different diagnoses, it appears that there is no increase in COVID-19 vaccination-related harms in the patients with rheumatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Arslanoglu Aydin
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Baglan
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Bagrul
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serife Tuncez
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Semanur Ozdel
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bulbul
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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39
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Boudi FB, PATEL SABIN, PATEL KAJAL, PARIKH KAJAL, PATEL NEHA, BOUDI MAX, PATEL SAMIR, PATEL HIMANSHU. COVID-19 Management Missteps. Cureus 2022; 14:e23059. [PMID: 35464568 PMCID: PMC9001861 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, the first case of a novel coronavirus infectious disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was identified in the province of Wuhan, China. Since the initial identification on March 11, 2020, by the World Health Organization (WHO), COVID-19 had rapidly spread all over the world, leading to the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic. In response to the exponential trend of reported confirmed cases, national governments worked quickly to devise plans to combat the spread and to soften the consequences which were to follow. Two primary approaches included limiting the spread of the virus and increasing hospital capacity. The implementation of these strategies, however, varied greatly among different governments and their respective populations. Countries developed similar guidelines in response to COVID-19, but with a variation. Many of these guidelines were similar in that they fell under the same general topics such as the use of facial masks, social distancing, and online learning. The effect of COVID-19 on public health was more reliant on the implementation of these recommendations rather than the recommendations themselves. The medical therapies used to treat the widespread COVID-19 disease are flourishing and evolving rapidly. Ongoing research shows that the spectrum of treatment for COVID-19 varies from pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapeutic interventions. Some of the treatments that are being used in clinical practice include supportive care, antiviral drugs, immunomodulatory agents, convalescent plasma transfusion, and monoclonal antibody treatments. In addition, the most promising approach thus far is the COVID-19 vaccine developed by Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, and most recently Johnson & Johnson. Overall, as various treatment approaches are being explored and administered to people globally, it is important to acknowledge that there is currently no definite cure or any evidence-based treatment for COVID-19. COVID-19 infections caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have brought devastating consequences to the lives of millions of people through their health effects and the failure of global initiatives to contain it. A review of many missteps that potentially could have altered the landscape for this virus to affect the lives of many is discussed with hope for a better approach going forward.
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Wu J, Ma M, Miao Y, Ye B, Li Q, Tarimo CS, Wang M, Gu J, Wei W, Zhao L, Mu Z, Fu X. COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Among Chinese Population and Its Implications for the Pandemic: A National Cross-Sectional Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:796467. [PMID: 35211440 PMCID: PMC8860971 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.796467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the COVID-19 vaccination rate among a representative sample of adults from 31 provinces on the Chinese mainland and identify its influencing factors. Methods We gathered sociodemographic information, data on people's awareness and behavior regarding COVID-19 and the COVID-19 vaccine, the accessibility of COVID-19 vaccination services, community environmental factors influencing people's awareness and behavior regarding the vaccination, information about people's skepticism on COVID-19 vaccine, and information about people's trust in doctors as well as vaccine developers through an online nationwide cross-sectional survey among Chinese adults (18 years and older). The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the statistical associations were estimated using logistic regression models. Results A total of 29,925 participants (51.4% females and 48.6% males) responded. 89.4% of the participants had already received a COVID-19 vaccination. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, awareness of COVID-19 pandemic/ COVID-19 vaccine, community environmental factors, awareness and behavior of general vaccinations, we discovered that having no religious affiliation, having the same occupational status as a result of coronavirus epidemic, being a non-smoker, always engaging in physical activity, having a lower social status, perceiving COVID-19 to be easily curable, and having easier access to vaccination are all associated with high vaccination rate (all P <0.05). Conclusions 31 provinces in mainland China currently have a relatively high rate of COVID-19 vaccination. To further increase the rate of COVID-19 vaccination, we must remove barriers associated with the community context and improve access to COVID-19 vaccine services. In addition, taking proactive and effective measures to address the reasons for non-vaccination with COVID-19 will aid in epidemic prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingze Ma
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yudong Miao
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Beizhu Ye
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Quanman Li
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Clifford Silver Tarimo
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Science and Laboratory Technology, Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Meiyun Wang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianqin Gu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lipei Zhao
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zihan Mu
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Fu
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Golshani M, Hrdý J. Multiple Sclerosis Patients and Disease Modifying Therapies: Impact on Immune Responses against COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10020279. [PMID: 35214735 PMCID: PMC8876554 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the literature on SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and multiple sclerosis (MS). The first part of the paper focuses on the current data on immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 and leading vaccines produced against COVID-19 infection. In the second part of the article, we discuss the effect of Disease Modifying Therapies (DMTs) on COVID-19 infection severity or SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in MS patients plus safety profile of different vaccine platforms in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiří Hrdý
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-224968509
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Repurposing Antifungals for Host-Directed Antiviral Therapy? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020212. [PMID: 35215323 PMCID: PMC8878022 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of their epidemic and pandemic potential, emerging viruses are a major threat to global healthcare systems. While vaccination is in general a straightforward approach to prevent viral infections, immunization can also cause escape mutants that hide from immune cell and antibody detection. Thus, other approaches than immunization are critical for the management and control of viral infections. Viruses are prone to mutations leading to the rapid emergence of resistant strains upon treatment with direct antivirals. In contrast to the direct interference with pathogen components, host-directed therapies aim to target host factors that are essential for the pathogenic replication cycle or to improve the host defense mechanisms, thus circumventing resistance. These relatively new approaches are often based on the repurposing of drugs which are already licensed for the treatment of other unrelated diseases. Here, we summarize what is known about the mechanisms and modes of action for a potential use of antifungals as repurposed host-directed anti-infectives for the therapeutic intervention to control viral infections.
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Chandra A, Johri A. A Peek into Pandora’s Box: COVID-19 and Neurodegeneration. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12020190. [PMID: 35203953 PMCID: PMC8870638 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ever since it was first reported in Wuhan, China, the coronavirus-induced disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has become an enigma of sorts with ever expanding reports of direct and indirect effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on almost all the vital organ systems. Along with inciting acute pulmonary complications, the virus attacks the cardiac, renal, hepatic, and gastrointestinal systems as well as the central nervous system (CNS). The person-to-person variability in susceptibility of individuals to disease severity still remains a puzzle, although the comorbidities and the age/gender of a person are believed to play a key role. SARS-CoV-2 needs angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor for its infectivity, and the association between SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 leads to a decline in ACE2 activity and its neuroprotective effects. Acute respiratory distress may also induce hypoxia, leading to increased oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. Infection of the neurons along with peripheral leukocytes’ activation results in proinflammatory cytokine release, rendering the brain more susceptible to neurodegenerative changes. Due to the advancement in molecular biology techniques and vaccine development programs, the world now has hope to relatively quickly study and combat the deadly virus. On the other side, however, the virus seems to be still evolving with new variants being discovered periodically. In keeping up with the pace of this virus, there has been an avalanche of studies. This review provides an update on the recent progress in adjudicating the CNS-related mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its potential to incite or accelerate neurodegeneration in surviving patients. Current as well as emerging therapeutic opportunities and biomarker development are highlighted.
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Sonkar C, Hase V, Banerjee D, Kumar A, Kumar R, Jha HC. Post COVID-19 Complications, Adjunct Therapy Explored, And Steroidal After Effects. CAN J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2021-0247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
For survivors of the COVID-19 disease, defeating the virus is just the beginning of a long road to recovery. The virus’s inducibility and catastrophic effects are distributed in multiple organs. The induction of cytokine storms in COVID-19 patients is due to the interaction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the host receptor, leading to various immunopathological consequences that might eventually lead to death. So far, it has hit tons of people across the world, but there is still no effective treatment. Patients facing the complications of COVID-19 after recovering have shown extensive clinical symptoms similar to previously circulating coronaviruses. Previous knowledge, and literature have opened up ways to treat this disease and manage post-COVID-19 complications, which poses a severe challenge to health system globally and may exacerbate the fragmentation of diseases. The use of steroids, as a treatment, showed various health problems and side-effects in COVID-19 patients. This review substantially discusses various post-COVID-19 complications observed, adjunctive therapies used along with common COVID-19treatment and spotlighted their side effects and consequences. This review provides latest literature on COVID-19 which emphasizes the subsequent complications in various organs, side-effects of drug, and alternative regimes that were used to treat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charu Sonkar
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, 226957, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indore, India, 452017
| | - Vaishnavi Hase
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, 226957, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indore, India
| | - Durba Banerjee
- School of Biotechnology (SOB), Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Awanish Kumar
- National Institute of Technology, 54702, Department of Biotechnology, Raipur, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Indian Institute of Technology, 28692, Department of Physics, Dhanbad, India, 826004
| | - Hem C. Jha
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, 226957, Department of Biosciences & Biomedical Engineering, Simrol-453552, Indore, India, 452017
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Hu Z, Huang X, Zhang J, Fu S, Ding D, Tao Z. Differences in Clinical Characteristics Between Delta Variant and Wild-Type SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:792135. [PMID: 35047533 PMCID: PMC8761722 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.792135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As delta variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) prevailed in the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, its clinical characteristics with the difference from those of wild-type strains have been little studied. Methods: We reported one cohort of 341 wild-type patients with COVID-19 admitted at Wuhan, China in 2020 and the other cohort of 336 delta variant patients with COVID-19 admitted at Yangzhou, China in 2021, with comparisons of their demographic information, medical history, clinical manifestation, and hematological data. Furthermore, within the delta variant cohort, patients with none, partial, and full vaccination were also compared to assess vaccine effectiveness. Findings: For a total of 677 patients with COVID-19 included in this study, their median age was 53.0 years [interquartile range (IQR): 38.0–66.0] and 46.8% were men. No difference was found in age, gender, and percentage of patients with the leading comorbidity between wild-type and delta variant cohorts, but delta variant cohort showed a lessened time interval between disease onset to hospitalization, a reduced portion of patients with smoking history, and a lowered frequency of clinical symptoms. For hematological parameters, most values demonstrated significant differences between wild-type and delta variant cohorts, while full vaccination rather than partial vaccination alleviated the disease condition. This reflected the viremic effect of delta variant when vaccination succeeds or fails to protect. Interpretation: Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 may cause severe disease profiles, but timely diagnosis and full vaccination could protect patients with COVID-19 from worsened disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkui Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shixiang Fu
- Department of Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Yangzhou City, Yangzhou, China
| | - Daoyin Ding
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhimin Tao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Immunity evasion: consequence of the N501Y mutation of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. JOURNAL OF GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 20:10. [PMID: 35029751 PMCID: PMC8758984 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00287-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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In Silico Screening of Potential Phytocompounds from Several Herbs against SARS-CoV-2 Indian Delta Variant B.1.617.2 to Inhibit the Spike Glycoprotein Trimer. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12020665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In October 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 lineage was discovered in India. It has since become a prominent variant in several Indian regions and 156 countries, including the United States of America. The lineage B.1.617.2 is termed the delta variant, harboring diverse spike mutations in the N-terminal domain (NTD) and the receptor-binding domain (RBD), which may heighten its immune evasion potentiality and cause it to be more transmissible than other variants. As a result, it has sparked substantial scientific investigation into the development of effective vaccinations and anti-viral drugs. Several efforts have been made to examine ancient medicinal herbs known for their health benefits and immune-boosting action against SARS-CoV-2, including repurposing existing FDA-approved anti-viral drugs. No efficient anti-viral drugs are available against the SARS-CoV-2 Indian delta variant B.1.617.2. In this study, efforts were made to shed light on the potential of 603 phytocompounds from 22 plant species to inhibit the Indian delta variant B.1.617.2. We also compared these compounds with the standard drug ceftriaxone, which was already suggested as a beneficial drug in COVID-19 treatment; these compounds were compared with other FDA-approved drugs: remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxy-chloroquine, lopinavir, and ritonavir. From the analysis, the identified phytocompounds acteoside (−7.3 kcal/mol) and verbascoside (−7.1 kcal/mol), from the plants Clerodendrum serratum and Houttuynia cordata, evidenced a strong inhibitory effect against the mutated NTD (MT-NTD). In addition, the phytocompounds kanzonol V (−6.8 kcal/mol), progeldanamycin (−6.4 kcal/mol), and rhodoxanthin (−7.5 kcal/mol), from the plant Houttuynia cordata, manifested significant prohibition against RBD. Nevertheless, the standard drug, ceftriaxone, signals less inhibitory effect against MT-NTD and RBD with binding affinities of −6.3 kcal/mol and −6.5 kcal/mol, respectively. In this study, we also emphasized the pharmacological properties of the plants, which contain the screened phytocompounds. Our research could be used as a lead for future drug design to develop anti-viral drugs, as well as for preening the Siddha formulation to control the Indian delta variant B.1.617.2 and other future SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Anand U, Li X, Sunita K, Lokhandwala S, Gautam P, Suresh S, Sarma H, Vellingiri B, Dey A, Bontempi E, Jiang G. SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens in municipal wastewater, landfill leachate, and solid waste: A review about virus surveillance, infectivity, and inactivation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111839. [PMID: 34358502 PMCID: PMC8332740 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses the techniques available for detecting and inactivating of pathogens in municipal wastewater, landfill leachate, and solid waste. In view of the current COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 is being given special attention, with a thorough examination of all possible transmission pathways linked to the selected waste matrices. Despite the lack of works focused on landfill leachate, a systematic review method, based on cluster analysis, allows to analyze the available papers devoted to sewage sludge and wastewater, allowing to focalize the work on technologies able to detect and treat pathogens. In this work, great attention is also devoted to infectivity and transmission mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, the literature analysis shows that sewage sludge and landfill leachate seem to have a remote chance to act as a virus transmission route (pollution-to-human transmission) due to improper collection and treatment of municipal wastewater and solid waste. However due to the incertitude about virus infectivity, these possibilities cannot be excluded and need further investigation. As a conclusion, this paper shows that additional research is required not only on the coronavirus-specific disinfection, but also the regular surveillance or monitoring of viral loads in sewage sludge, wastewater, and landfill leachate. The disinfection strategies need to be optimized in terms of dosage and potential adverse impacts like antimicrobial resistance, among many other factors. Finally, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogenic microorganisms in sewage sludge, wastewater, and landfill leachate can hamper the possibility to ensure safe water and public health in economically marginalized countries and hinder the realization of the United Nations' sustainable development goals (SDGs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Xuan Li
- School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Kumari Sunita
- Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, 273009, India
| | - Snehal Lokhandwala
- Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Shroff S.R. Rotary Institute of Chemical Technology, UPL University of Sustainable Technology, Ankleshwar, Gujarat, 393135, India
| | - Pratibha Gautam
- Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Shroff S.R. Rotary Institute of Chemical Technology, UPL University of Sustainable Technology, Ankleshwar, Gujarat, 393135, India
| | - S Suresh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, 462 003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Hemen Sarma
- Department of Botany, Nanda Nath Saikia College, Dhodar Ali, Titabar, 785630, Assam, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641-046, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Guangming Jiang
- School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
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Anand U, Adelodun B, Cabreros C, Kumar P, Suresh S, Dey A, Ballesteros F, Bontempi E. Occurrence, transformation, bioaccumulation, risk and analysis of pharmaceutical and personal care products from wastewater: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2022; 20:3883-3904. [PMID: 35996725 PMCID: PMC9385088 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-022-01498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Almost all aspects of society from food security to disease control and prevention have benefited from pharmaceutical and personal care products, yet these products are a major source of contamination that ends up in wastewater and ecosystems. This issue has been sharply accentuated during the coronavirus disease pandemic 2019 (COVID-19) due to the higher use of disinfectants and other products. Here we review pharmaceutical and personal care products with focus on their occurrence in the environment, detection, risk, and removal. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10311-022-01498-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttpal Anand
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Bashir Adelodun
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
- Department of Agricultural Civil Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Carlo Cabreros
- Environmental Engineering Program, National Graduate School of Engineering, University of the Philippines, 1101 Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Agro-Ecology and Pollution Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249404 India
| | - S. Suresh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462 003 India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal 700073 India
| | - Florencio Ballesteros
- Environmental Engineering Program, National Graduate School of Engineering, University of the Philippines, 1101 Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Bandopadhyay S, Anand U, Gadekar VS, Jha NK, Gupta PK, Behl T, Kumar M, Shekhawat MS, Dey A. Dioscin: A review on pharmacological properties and therapeutic values. Biofactors 2022; 48:22-55. [PMID: 34919768 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dioscin has gained immense popularity as a natural, bioactive steroid saponin, which offers numerous medical benefits. The growing global incidence of disease-associated morbidity and mortality continues to compromise human health, facilitating an increasingly urgent need for nontoxic, noninvasive, and efficient treatment alternatives. Natural compounds can contribute vastly to this field. Over recent years, studies have demonstrated the remarkable protective actions of dioscin against a variety of human malignancies, metabolic disorders, organ injuries, and viral/fungal infections. The successful usage of this phytocompound has been widely seen in medical treatment procedures under traditional Chinese medicine, and it is becoming progressively prevalent worldwide. This review provides an insight into the wide spectrum of pharmacological activities of dioscin, as reported and compiled in recent literature. The various novel approaches and applications of dioscin also verify the advantages exhibited by plant extracts against commercially available drugs, highlighting the potential of phytochemical agents like dioscin to be further incorporated into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Vijaykumar Shivaji Gadekar
- Zoology Department, Sangola College (affiliated to Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University), Solapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahipal S Shekhawat
- Plant Biotechnology Unit, Kanchi Mamunivar Government Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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