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Jia Z, Lv D, Chen T, Shi Z, Li X, Ma J, Gao Z, Zhong C. Network pharmacology and in vivo experiment-based strategy for investigating the mechanism of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in QianLieJinDan tablets. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29975. [PMID: 38726171 PMCID: PMC11078777 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common urinary system disease that is prone to recurrence. It typically leads to varying degrees of pelvic pain and discomfort, as well as symptoms related to the urinary system in affected patients. QianLieJinDan tablets (QLJD), a traditional Chinese medicine, have shown promising therapeutic effects on CP/CPPS in clinical practice, but the underlying mechanisms of QLJD in treating CP/CPPS have not been determined. Objective To reveal the phytochemical characterization and multitarget mechanism of QLJD on CP/CPPS. Methods The concentrations of the components of QLJD were determined using UHPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap-MS. Utilizing network pharmacology approaches, the potential components, targets, and pathways involved in the treatment of CP/CPPS caused by QLJD were screened. Molecular docking calculations were employed to assess the affinity between the components of the QLJD and potential targets, revealing the optimal molecular conformation and binding site. Finally, the therapeutic efficacy and potential underlying mechanisms of QLJD were investigated through pharmacological experiments. Results In this study, a total of 35 components targeting 29 CP-related genes were identified, among which quercetin, baicalin, icariin, luteolin, and gallic acid were the major constituents. Enrichment analysis revealed that the potential targets were involved mainly in the regulation of cytokines, cell proliferation and apoptosis, and the oxidative stress response and were primarily associated with the cytokine‒cytokine receptor interaction pathway, the IL-17 signaling pathway, the Th17 cell differentiation pathway, and the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. In vivo experiments demonstrated that QLJD effectively attenuated the infiltration of CD3+ T cells and the expression of ROS in a CP/CPPS model rat prostate tissue. Furthermore, through the inhibition of IL-6 and STAT3 expression, QLJD reduced the differentiation of Th17 cells, thereby ameliorating pathological injury and prostatic index in prostate tissue. Conclusion The potential of QLJD as an anti-CP/CPPS agent lies in its ability to interfere with the expression of IL-6 and STAT3, inhibit Th17 cell differentiation, reduce inflammatory cell infiltration in rat prostate tissue, and alleviate oxidative stress damage through its multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Jia
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Jinan 250000, China
| | - Dongfang Lv
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Jinan 250000, China
| | - Tengfei Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Jinan 250000, China
| | - Zhuozhuo Shi
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Jinan 250000, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Jinan 250000, China
| | - Junguo Ma
- Shandong Zhongda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Shandong Jinan 250000, China
| | - Zhaowang Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Jinan 250000, China
| | - Chongfu Zhong
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Jinan 250000, China
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Wang T, Su W, Li L, Wu H, Huang H, Li Z. Alteration of the gut microbiota in patients with lung cancer accompanied by chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30380. [PMID: 38737249 PMCID: PMC11088322 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim To explore the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota in patients with lung cancer accompanied by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (LC-COPD). Methods The study cohort comprised 15 patients with LC-COPD, 49 patients with lung cancer, and 18 healthy control individuals. ELISA was used to detect inflammatory factors in venous blood. 16S rDNA sequencing was performed to determine the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces samples. Results The α-diversity index indicated that the richness and diversity of the gut microbiota were lower in patients with LC-COPD compared with patients with lung cancer and controls. Principal component analysis revealed significant differences among the three groups (P < 0.05). The linear discriminant analysis effect size algorithm indicated that the o_Lactobacillales, g_Lactobaccillus, f_Lactobaccillaceae, s_Lactobaccillus_oris, c_Bacilli, g_Anaerofustis, s_uncultured organism, and s_bacterium_P1C10 species were prevalent in patients with LC-COPD, while the g_Clostridium_XIVa and g_Butyricicoccus species were prevalent in patients with lung cancer. Furthermore, the concentrations of the SCFAs butyric acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, and valeric acid tended to be lower in patients with LC-COPD compared with patients with lung cancer and healthy controls, although these intergroup differences were not significant (P > 0.05). Patients with lung cancer had the lowest serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a. There were no intergroup differences in the concentrations of other inflammatory factors. Conclusions The present study indicated that the abundance and structure of the gut microbiota is altered, and the concentrations of SCFAs may be decreased in patients with LC-COPD. In addition, patients with lung cancer had the lowest serum concentration of TNF-a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxiang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Hospital Affiliated with the Medical SChool of Zhejiang University, 1229 Gudun Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Wanting Su
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 348 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital Affiliated with the Medical School of Zhejiang University, 1229 Gudun Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital Affiliated with the Medical School of Zhejiang University, 1229 Gudun Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital Affiliated with the Medical School of Zhejiang University, 1229 Gudun Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Zhijun Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital Affiliated with the Medical School of Zhejiang University, 1229 Gudun Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
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Saadh MJ, Ahmed HM, Alani ZK, Al Zuhairi RAH, Almarhoon ZM, Ahmad H, Ubaid M, Alwan NH. The Role of Gut-derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Multiple Sclerosis. Neuromolecular Med 2024; 26:14. [PMID: 38630350 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-024-08783-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic condition affecting the central nervous system (CNS), where the interplay of genetic and environmental factors influences its pathophysiology, triggering immune responses and instigating inflammation. Contemporary research has been notably dedicated to investigating the contributions of gut microbiota and their metabolites in modulating inflammatory reactions within the CNS. Recent recognition of the gut microbiome and dietary patterns as environmental elements impacting MS development emphasizes the potential influence of small, ubiquitous molecules from microbiota, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These molecules may serve as vital molecular signals or metabolic substances regulating host cellular metabolism in the intricate interplay between microbiota and the host. A current emphasis lies on optimizing the health-promoting attributes of colonic bacteria to mitigate urinary tract issues through dietary management. This review aims to spotlight recent investigations on the impact of SCFAs on immune cells pivotal in MS, the involvement of gut microbiota and SCFAs in MS development, and the considerable influence of probiotics on gastrointestinal disruptions in MS. Comprehending the gut-CNS connection holds promise for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches, particularly probiotic-based supplements, for managing MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan
| | - Hani Moslem Ahmed
- Department of Dental Industry Techniques, Al-Noor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
| | - Zaid Khalid Alani
- College of Health and Medical Technical, Al-Bayan University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Zainab M Almarhoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hijaz Ahmad
- Section of Mathematics, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Corso Vittorio Emanuele II, 39, 00186, Rome, Italy.
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mubarak Al-Abdullah, Kuwait.
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Mohammed Ubaid
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Liu D, Mei Y, Ji N, Zhang B, Feng X. Causal effect of gut microbiota on the risk of prostatitis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-04020-w. [PMID: 38573543 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-04020-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies demonstrated that chronic prostatitis (CP) is closely related to the gut microbiota (GM). Nevertheless, the causal relationship between GM and CP has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was employed to investigate this association. METHODS The summary data of gut microbiota derived from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 18,340 individuals in the MiBioGen study served as the exposure, and the corresponding summary statistics for CP risk, representing the outcome, were obtained from the FinnGen databases (R9). The causal effects between GM and CP were estimated using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method supplemented with MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode methods. Additionally, the false discovery rate (FDR) correction was performed to adjust results. The detection and quantification of heterogeneity and pleiotropy were accomplished through the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier method, Cochran's Q statistics, and MR-Egger regression. RESULTS The IVW estimates indicated that a total of 11 GM taxa were related to the risk of CP. Seven of them was correlated with an increased risk of CP, while the remained linked with a decreased risk of CP. However, only Methanobacteria (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.74-0.99), Methanobacteriales (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.74-0.99), NB1n (OR 1.16; 95% CI 1.16-1.34), Methanobacteriaceae (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.74-0.99), Odoribactergenus Odoribacter (OR 1.43; 95% CI 1.05-1.94), and Sutterellagenus Sutterella (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.01-1.76) still maintain significant association with CP after FDR correction. Consistent directional effects for all analyses were observed in the supplementary methods. Subsequently, sensitivity analyses indicated the absence of heterogeneity, directional pleiotropy, or outliers concerning the causal effect of specific gut microbiota on CP (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated a gut microbiota-prostate axis, offering crucial data supporting the promising use of the GM as a candidate target for CP prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. There is a necessity for randomized controlled trials to validate the protective effect of the linked GM against the risk of CP, and to further investigate the underlying mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Chuzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou, Anhui, China
| | - Yangyang Mei
- Department of Urology, Jiangyin People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nuo Ji
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingliang Feng
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Niu D, Yue SY, Wang X, Li WY, Zhang L, Du HX, Liang CZ. High glucose intake exacerbates experimental autoimmune prostatitis through mitochondrial reactive oxygen species-dependent TGF-β activation-mediated Th17 differentiation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111682. [PMID: 38394885 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common inflammatory immune disease of the urogenital system. High glucose intake is considered to be a potential promoter of autoimmune diseases. However, the influence of high glucose intake on CP/CPPS is unknown. This research aimed to explore the influences of high glucose intake on experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP), a valid animal model of CP/CPPS, and the underlying mechanism. NOD mice received 20% glucose water or normal water treatment during EAP induction. EAP severity and Th17 cell responses were evaluated. Then, we explored the effects of an IL-17A neutralizing antibody, an inhibitor of TGF-β, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor NAC, and the mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) antioxidant MitoQ on glucose-fed EAP mice. The results demonstrated that high glucose intake aggravated EAP severity and promoted Th17 cell generation, which could be ameliorated by the neutralization of IL-17A. In vitro experiments showed that high dextrose concentrations promoted Th17 cell differentiation through mtROS-dependent TGF-β activation. Treatment with TGF-β blockade, NAC, or MitoQ suppressed Th17 cell generation both in vivo and in vitro, resulting in the amelioration of EAP manifestations caused by high glucose intake. This study revealed that high glucose intake exacerbates EAP through mtROS-dependent TGF-β activation-mediated Th17 differentiation. Our results may provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the detrimental effects of an environmental factor, such as high glucose intake, on CP/CPPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Niu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Shao-Yu Yue
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Wei-Yi Li
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - He-Xi Du
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Chao-Zhao Liang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
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Chen J, Ma W, Yue S, Li D, Chen L, Zhang C, Guan Y, Li C, Jiang C, Liao G, Liang C, Wang H, Tai S. Dual deficiency of melatonin and dihydrotestosterone promotes stromal cell damage and mediates prostatitis via the cGAS-STING pathway in sleep-deprived mice. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:183. [PMID: 38491517 PMCID: PMC10941623 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostatitis is a highly prevalent condition that seriously affects men's physical and mental health. Although epidemiological investigations have provided evidence of a correlation between insufficient sleep and prostatitis, the pathogenesis of prostatitis remains unclear. We sought to identify the underlying mechanism involved and identify a promising therapeutic target. METHODS Sleep deprivation (SD) was utilized to establish a mouse model of insufficient sleep in a special device. Prostatitis was observed at different time points post-SD. The degree of prostatitis was evaluated by pathological section and behavioural tests. Using immunofluorescence, western blot, and proteomic analyses, the underlying mechanism of SD-related prostatitis was investigated, and the development and therapeutic target of prostatitis were elucidated. RESULTS SD, as an initial pathological trigger, resulted in a reduction in dihydrotestosterone and melatonin levels. Proteomic analysis revealed that the cGAS-STING pathway may play a significant role in inducing prostatitis. The subsequent results illustrated that the dual reduction in dihydrotestosterone and melatonin led to an accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the release of mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA). The accumulation of mt-DNA activated the cGAS-STING pathway, which recruited inflammatory cells into the prostatic stroma through the secretion of interferon-β. Consequently, an inflammatory microenvironment was formed, ultimately promoting the development of prostatitis. Notably, mice with SD-induced prostatitis gradually recovered to a normal state within 7 days of recovery sleep. However, after being subjected to SD again, these mice tended to have a more pronounced manifestation of prostatitis within a shorter timeframe, which suggested that prostatitis is prone to relapse. CONCLUSIONS The cGAS-STING pathway activated by dual deficiency of dihydrotestosterone and melatonin plays a comprehensive inflammatory role in SD-related prostatitis. This research provides valuable insights into the pathogenesis, therapeutic targets, and prevention strategies of prostatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Wenming Ma
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Shaoyu Yue
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yu Guan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Changqin Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Guiyi Liao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China
| | - Chaozhao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China.
| | - Sheng Tai
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Hefei, 230022, P.R. China.
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Liu X, Dong Q. Associations between gut microbiota and three prostate diseases: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4019. [PMID: 38369514 PMCID: PMC10874943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
According to previous observational researches and clinical trials, the gut microbiota is related to prostate diseases. However, the potential association between gut microbiota and prostate disorders is still uncertain. We first identified groups of gut microbiota based on the phylum, class, order, family, and genus levels from consortium MiBioGen. And we acquired prostate diseases statistics from the FINNGEN study and PRACTICAL consortium. Next, two-sample Mendelian randomization was used to investigate the potential associations between three prevalent prostate disease and gut microbiota. In addition, we performed a reverse MR analysis and Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) test for further research. We investigated the connection between 196 gut microbiota and three prevalent prostate diseases. We identified 42 nominally significant associations and 2 robust causative links. Upon correction for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure, our analysis revealed a positive correlation between the risk of prostatitis and the presence of the taxonomic order Gastranaerophilales. Conversely, the risk of prostate cancer exhibited an inverse correlation with the presence of the taxonomic class Alphaproteobacteria. Our study revealed the potential association between gut microbiota and prostate diseases. The results may be useful in providing new insights for further mechanistic and clinical studies of prostate diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Cui H, Wang N, Li H, Bian Y, Wen W, Kong X, Wang F. The dynamic shifts of IL-10-producing Th17 and IL-17-producing Treg in health and disease: a crosstalk between ancient "Yin-Yang" theory and modern immunology. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:99. [PMID: 38317142 PMCID: PMC10845554 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01505-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The changes in T regulatory cell (Treg) and T helper cell (Th) 17 ratios holds paramount importance in ensuring internal homeostasis and disease progression. Recently, novel subsets of Treg and Th17, namely IL-17-producing Treg and IL-10-producing Th17 have been identified. IL-17-producing Treg and IL-10-producing Th17 are widely considered as the intermediates during Treg/Th17 transformation. These "bi-functional" cells exhibit plasticity and have been demonstrated with important roles in multiple physiological functions and disease processes. Yin and Yang represent opposing aspects of phenomena according to the ancient Chinese philosophy "Yin-Yang" theory. Furthermore, Yin can transform into Yang, and vice versa, under specific conditions. This theory has been widely used to describe the contrasting functions of immune cells and molecules. Therefore, immune-activating populations (Th17, M1 macrophage, etc.) and immune overreaction (inflammation, autoimmunity) can be considered Yang, while immunosuppressive populations (Treg, M2 macrophage, etc.) and immunosuppression (tumor, immunodeficiency) can be considered Yin. However, another important connotation of "Yin-Yang" theory, the conversion between Yin and Yang, has been rarely documented in immune studies. The discovery of IL-17-producing Treg and IL-10-producing Th17 enriches the meaning of "Yin-Yang" theory and further promotes the relationship between ancient "Yin-Yang" theory and modern immunology. Besides, illustrating the functions of IL-17-producing Treg and IL-10-producing Th17 and mechanisms governing their differentiation provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the dynamically changing statement of immune statement in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huantian Cui
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ning Wang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hanzhou Li
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yuhong Bian
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Weibo Wen
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Xiangying Kong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Fudi Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Liu YF, Xie WJ, Xi P, Zhang ZC, Chen R, Fu SQ, Lei KY, Liu J, Cheng XF, Nie YC, Yang XR, Ma M, Sun T, Gong BB. Astaxanthin alleviates chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome by increasing colonization of Akkermansia muciniphila in the intestine. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155249. [PMID: 38056144 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astaxanthin (AST) is a natural compound with anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory properties that has been found to have probiotic properties. However, the role and mechanism of AST in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) are still not fully understood. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of AST on CP/CPPS and elucidate the mediating role of the gut microbiota. MATERIALS AND METHODS An experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) mouse model was utilized to test the potential role of AST on CP/CPPS. Antibiotic cocktail (ABX) treatment and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) were used to elucidate the gut microbiota-mediated effects on AST. In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qRT-PCR analyses were used to analyze changes in the gut microbiota of EAP mice and CP/CPPS patients. Finally, the mechanism by which AST exerts a protective effect on CP/CPPS was explored by untargeted metabolomics and gut barrier function assays. RESULTS Oral administration of AST reduced prostate inflammation scores, alleviated tactile sensitization of the pelvic region in EAP mice, reduced CD4+ T cell and CD68+ macrophage infiltration in the prostatic interstitium, and inhibited the up-regulation of systemic and localized pain/pro-inflammatory mediators in the prostate. After ABX, the protective effect of AST against CP/CPPS was attenuated, whereas colonization with fecal bacteria from AST-treated EAP mice alleviated CP/CPPS. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qRT-PCR analyses showed that Akkermansia muciniphila in the feces of EAP mice and CP/CPPS patients showed a trend toward a decrease, which was associated with poor progression of CP/CPPS. In contrast, oral administration of AST increased the relative abundance of A. muciniphila, and oral supplementation with A. muciniphila also alleviated inflammation and pain in EAP mice. Finally, we demonstrated that both AST and A. muciniphila interventions increased serum levels of SCFAs acetate, up-regulated expression of colonic tight junction markers, and decreased serum lipopolysaccharide levels in EAP mice. CONCLUSION Our results showed that AST improved CP/CPPS by up-regulating A. muciniphila, which provides new potentially effective strategies and ideas for CP/CPPS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fu Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Jie Xie
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ping Xi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ru Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Sheng-Qiang Fu
- Department of Proctology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Kun-Yang Lei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ji Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Cheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ye-Chen Nie
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ming Ma
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Bin-Bin Gong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China.
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10
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Satoh T. New prebiotics by ketone donation. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023:S1043-2760(23)00091-7. [PMID: 37271711 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Integrity of the microbiome is an essential element for human gut health. 3-Hydroxybutyrate (3HB) secreted into the gut lumen has gained attention as a regulator of gut physiology, including stem cell expansion. In this opinion, I propose new prebiotics leading to gut health by use of a ketone (3HB) donor. When exogenous 3HB is supplied through ketone donation, it has the potential to markedly improve gut health by altering the gut microbiome and systemic metabolic status. Poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) donates 3HB and primarily influences microbiota, making it an effective prebiotic for improving the gut environment. Thus, exogenous 3HB donation to the lumen of the gut may aid gut health by maintaining the integrity of microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Satoh
- Department of Antiaging Food Research, School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji 192-0982, Japan.
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11
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Zhou Z, Feng D, Shi D, Gao P, Wang L, Wu Z. Untargeted and targeted metabolomics reveal bile acid profile changes in rats with ethylene glycol-induced calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 381:110570. [PMID: 37244400 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Calcium oxalate (CaOx) nephrolithiasis is a prevalent disorder linked to metabolism. Examining metabolic alterations could potentially give an initial understanding of the origins of CaOx nephrolithiasis. This study aims to determine gut metabolic biomarkers differentiating CaOx nephrolithiasis utilizing untargeted and targeted metabolomics. CaOx nephrolithiasis model rats were built by 1% ethylene glycol administration. Histologic staining and renal function measurement revealed the presence of crystals in the lumen of the renal tubules, the renal injury and interstitial fibrosis in CaOx rats, demonstrating that the models of CaOx were established successfully. Hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining showed that CaOx group had inflammation and damage in the ileal tissue. Immunofluorescence and PCR results displayed that the tight junction proteins, ZO-1 and Occludin levels were decreased in the ileal tissues of the CaOx group. The untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that 269 gut metabolites were differentially expressed between the CaOx group and the control group. Meanwhile, bile secretion, the main metabolic pathway in CaOx nephrolithiasis, was identified. Following, five significant bile acid metabolites were selected utilizing the targeted bile acid metabolomics, including Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), Glycohyodeoxycholic acid (GHDCA), Nor-Deoxycholic Acid, omega-muricholic acid, and Taurolithocholic acid. Among these metabolites, HDCA and GHDCA presented the highest predictive accuracy with AUC = 1 to distinguish the CaOx group from the control group. As a result of network pharmacology, target genes of HDCA and GHDCA in CaOx nephrolithiasis were enriched in oxidative stress and apoptosis pathways. Conclusively, our study provides insight into bile acids metabolic changes related to CaOx nephrolithiasis. Although alterations in biochemical pathways indicate a complex pathology in CaOx rats, bile acid changes may serve as biomarkers of CaOx nephrolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Zhou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, PR China
| | - Dexiang Feng
- Department of Urology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Donghui Shi
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Wu Zhong People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215100, PR China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, PR China; Clinical Research Center of Urolithiasis, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, PR China
| | - Lujia Wang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, PR China; Clinical Research Center of Urolithiasis, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, PR China.
| | - Zhong Wu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, PR China; Clinical Research Center of Urolithiasis, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, PR China.
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12
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Sun CY, Yang N, Zheng ZL, Liu D, Xu QL. T helper 17 (Th17) cell responses to the gut microbiota in human diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114483. [PMID: 36906976 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota colonizing the gastrointestinal tract, is an indispensable "invisible organ" that affects multiple aspects of human health. The gut microbial community has been assumed to be an important stimulus to the immune homeostasis and development, and increasing data support the role of the gut microbiota-immunity axis in autoimmune diseases. Host's immune system requires recognition tools to communicate with the gut microbial evolutionary partners. Among these microbial perceptions, T cells enable the widest spectrum of gut microbial recognition resolution. Specific gut microbiota direct the induction and differentiation of Th17 cells in intestine. However, the detailed links between the gut microbiota and Th17 cells have not been well established. In this review, we describe the generation and characterization of Th17 cells. Notably, we discuss the induction and differentiation of Th17 cells by the gut microbiota and their metabolites, as well as recent advances in our understanding of interactions between Th17 cells and the gut microbiota in human diseases. In addition, we provide the emerging evidences in support of interventions targeting the gut microbes/Th17 cells in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yue Sun
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Na Yang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | | | - Dong Liu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Qi-Lin Xu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
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13
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Golpour F, Abbasi-Alaei M, Babaei F, Mirzababaei M, Parvardeh S, Mohammadi G, Nassiri-Asl M. Short chain fatty acids, a possible treatment option for autoimmune diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114763. [PMID: 37105078 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota can interact with the immune system through its metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as one of the most abundant metabolites of the resident gut microbiota play an important role in this crosstalk. SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) regulate nearly every type of immune cell in the gut's immune cell repertoire regarding their development and function. SCFAs work through several pathways to impose protection towards colonic health and against local or systemic inflammation. Additionally, SCFAs play a role in the regulation of immune or non-immune pathways that can slow the development of autoimmunity either systematically or in situ. The present study aims to summarize the current knowledge on the immunomodulatory roles of SCFAs and the association between the SCFAs and autoimmune disorders such as celiac disease (CD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), type 1 diabetes (T1D) and other immune-mediated diseases, uncovering a brand-new therapeutic possibility to prevent or treat autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Golpour
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrsa Abbasi-Alaei
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Babaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Mirzababaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Siavash Parvardeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Marjan Nassiri-Asl
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Yi S, Zhang G, Liu M, Yu W, Cheng G, Luo L, Ning F. Citrus Honey Ameliorates Liver Disease and Restores Gut Microbiota in Alcohol-Feeding Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051078. [PMID: 36904078 PMCID: PMC10005585 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus honey (CH) is rich in nutrients that have a wide variety of biological functions, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, and which demonstrate therapeutic properties, such as anti-cancer and wound-healing abilities. However, the effects of CH on alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and the intestinal microbiota remain unknown. This study aimed to determine the alleviating effects of CH on ALD and its regulatory effects on the gut microbiota in mice. In total, 26 metabolites were identified and quantified in CH, and the results suggested that the primary metabolites were abscisic acid, 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid, rutin, and two markers of CH, hesperetin and hesperidin. CH lowered the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate aminotransferase, and alcohol-induced hepatic edema. CH could promote the proliferation of Bacteroidetes while reducing the abundance of Firmicutes. Additionally, CH also showed some inhibitory effects on the growth of Campylobacterota and Turicibacter. CH enhanced the secretion of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid. Given its alleviating functions in liver tissue damage and its regulatory effects on the gut microbiota and SCFAs, CH could be a promising candidate for the therapeutic treatment of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxiang Yi
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Gaowei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Mingyan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Wenjie Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Guohua Cheng
- Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Nanfeng County, Fuzhou 344500, China
| | - Liping Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (F.N.); Tel./Fax: +86-0791-83969519 (L.L.)
| | - Fangjian Ning
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (F.N.); Tel./Fax: +86-0791-83969519 (L.L.)
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15
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Yoon JH, Do JS, Velankanni P, Lee CG, Kwon HK. Gut Microbial Metabolites on Host Immune Responses in Health and Disease. Immune Netw 2023; 23:e6. [PMID: 36911800 PMCID: PMC9995988 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microorganisms interact with various immune cells and are involved in gut homeostasis and immune regulation. Although many studies have discussed the roles of the microorganisms themselves, interest in the effector function of their metabolites is increasing. The metabolic processes of these molecules provide important clues to the existence and function of gut microbes. The interrelationship between metabolites and T lymphocytes in particular plays a significant role in adaptive immune functions. Our current review focuses on 3 groups of metabolites: short-chain fatty acids, bile acids metabolites, and polyamines. We collated the findings of several studies on the transformation and production of these metabolites by gut microbes and explained their immunological roles. Specifically, we summarized the reports on changes in mucosal immune homeostasis represented by the Tregs and Th17 cells balance. The relationship between specific metabolites and diseases was also analyzed through latest studies. Thus, this review highlights microbial metabolites as the hidden treasure having potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets through a comprehensive understanding of the gut-immune interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hwi Yoon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jun-Soo Do
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Priyanka Velankanni
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea
| | - Choong-Gu Lee
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Ho-Keun Kwon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
- Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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16
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Campbell C, Kandalgaonkar MR, Golonka RM, Yeoh BS, Vijay-Kumar M, Saha P. Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Host Immunity: Impact on Inflammation and Immunotherapy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020294. [PMID: 36830830 PMCID: PMC9953403 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbes and their metabolites are actively involved in the development and regulation of host immunity, which can influence disease susceptibility. Herein, we review the most recent research advancements in the gut microbiota-immune axis. We discuss in detail how the gut microbiota is a tipping point for neonatal immune development as indicated by newly uncovered phenomenon, such as maternal imprinting, in utero intestinal metabolome, and weaning reaction. We describe how the gut microbiota shapes both innate and adaptive immunity with emphasis on the metabolites short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids. We also comprehensively delineate how disruption in the microbiota-immune axis results in immune-mediated diseases, such as gastrointestinal infections, inflammatory bowel diseases, cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and hypertension), autoimmunity (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), hypersensitivity (e.g., asthma and allergies), psychological disorders (e.g., anxiety), and cancer (e.g., colorectal and hepatic). We further encompass the role of fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary polyphenols in reshaping the gut microbiota and their therapeutic potential. Continuing, we examine how the gut microbiota modulates immune therapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, JAK inhibitors, and anti-TNF therapies. We lastly mention the current challenges in metagenomics, germ-free models, and microbiota recapitulation to a achieve fundamental understanding for how gut microbiota regulates immunity. Altogether, this review proposes improving immunotherapy efficacy from the perspective of microbiome-targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Campbell
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Mrunmayee R. Kandalgaonkar
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Rachel M. Golonka
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Beng San Yeoh
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Matam Vijay-Kumar
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Piu Saha
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Correspondence:
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17
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Gut Microbial-Derived Metabolites as Immune Modulators of T Helper 17 and Regulatory T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021806. [PMID: 36675320 PMCID: PMC9867388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and its derived metabolites greatly impact the host immune system, both innate and adaptive responses. Gut dysbiosis and altered levels of microbiota-derived metabolites have been described in several immune-related and immune-mediated diseases such as intestinal bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, or colorectal cancer. Gut microbial-derived metabolites are synthesized from dietary compounds ingested by the host or host-produced metabolites, and additionally, some bacterial products can be synthesized de novo. In this review, we focus on the two first metabolites families including short-chain fatty acids, indole metabolites, polyamines, choline-derived compounds, and secondary bile acids. They all have been described as immunoregulatory molecules that specifically affect the adaptive immune system and T helper 17 and regulatory T cells. We discuss the mechanisms of action and the consequences in health and diseases related to these gut microbial-derived metabolites. Finally, we propose that the exogenous administration of these molecules or other compounds that bind to their immunoregulatory receptors in a homologous manner could be considered therapeutic approaches.
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Ustianowska K, Ustianowski Ł, Machaj F, Gorący A, Rosik J, Szostak B, Szostak J, Pawlik A. The Role of the Human Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13267. [PMID: 36362056 PMCID: PMC9659276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding of the gut microbiome's role in human physiology developed rapidly in recent years. Moreover, any alteration of this microenvironment could lead to a pathophysiological reaction of numerous organs. It results from the bidirectional communication of the gastrointestinal tract with the central nervous system, called the gut-brain axis. The signals in the gut-brain axis are mediated by immunological, hormonal, and neural pathways. However, it is also influenced by microorganisms in the gut. The disturbances in the gut-brain axis are associated with gastrointestinal syndromes, but recently their role in the development of different types of pain was reported. The gut microbiome could be the factor in the central sensitization of chronic pain by regulating microglia, astrocytes, and immune cells. Dysbiosis could lead to incorrect immune responses, resulting in the development of inflammatory pain such as endometriosis. Furthermore, chronic visceral pain, associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders, could result from a disruption in the gut microenvironment. Any alteration in the gut-brain axis could also trigger migraine attacks by affecting cytokine expression. Understanding the gut microbiome's role in pain pathophysiology leads to the development of analgetic therapies targeting microorganisms. Probiotics, FODMAP diet, and fecal microbiota transplantation are reported to be beneficial in treating visceral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Ustianowska
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Łukasz Ustianowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Filip Machaj
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-575 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Gorący
- Independent Laboratory of Invasive Cardiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jakub Rosik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bartosz Szostak
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Szostak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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