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Shaikh TB, Chandra Y, Andugulapati SB, Sistla R. Vistusertib improves pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis by modulating inflammatory/oxidative stress mediators via suppressing the mTOR signalling. Inflamm Res 2024:10.1007/s00011-024-01894-5. [PMID: 38789791 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01894-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammation and oxidative stress are key factors in the development of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) by promoting the differentiation of fibroblasts through modulating various pathways including Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β and mTOR signalling. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS This study aimed to evaluate the effects and elucidate the mechanisms of vistusertib (VSB) in treating pulmonary inflammation/fibrosis, specifically by targeting the mTOR pathway using various in vitro and in vivo models. RESULTS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation model in macrophages (RAW 264.7), epithelial (BEAS-2B) and endothelial (HMVEC-L) cells revealed that treatment with VSB significantly reduced the IL-6, TNF-α, CCL2, and CCL7 expression. TGF-β induced differentiation was also significantly reduced upon VSB treatment in fibrotic cells (LL29 and DHLF). Further, bleomycin-induced inflammation and fibrosis models demonstrated that treatment with VSB significantly ameliorated the severe inflammation, and lung architectural distortion, by reducing the inflammatory markers expression/levels, inflammatory cells and oxidative stress indicators. Further, fibrosis model results exhibited that, VSB treatment significantly reduced the α-SMA, collagen and TGF-β expressions, improved the lung architecture and restored lung functions. CONCLUSION Overall, this study uncovers the anti-inflammatory/anti-fibrotic effects of VSB by modulating the mTOR activation. Although VSB was tested for lung fibrosis, it can be tested for other fibrotic disorders to improve the patient's survival and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taslim B Shaikh
- Division of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Yogesh Chandra
- Division of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India
| | - Sai Balaji Andugulapati
- Division of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India.
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Division of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India.
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Wang YH, Zhu LL, Li TL, Zhou Q. Imrecoxib: Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1711-1725. [PMID: 38799798 PMCID: PMC11128231 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s464485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Imrecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), was discovered via the balanced inhibition strategy of COX-1/COX-2. It is indicated for the relief of painful symptoms of osteoarthritis. There have been some pharmacological and therapeutic advances since the approval of imrecoxib in 2011. However, an update review in this aspect is not yet available. Relevant literature until January 2024 was identified by search of PubMed, Web of science, Embase and CNKI. From the perspective of efficacy, imrecoxib provides relief of osteoarthritis symptoms, and potential off-label use for treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, perioperative pain, hand-foot syndrome, axial spondyloarthritis, COVID-19, cartilage injury, and malignancies such as lung and colon cancer. From a safety point of view, imrecoxib showed adverse effects common to NSAIDs; however, it has lower incidence of new-onset hypertension than other types of selective COX-2 inhibitors, less gastrointestinal toxicities than non-selective NSAIDs, weaker risk of drug interaction than celecoxib, and more suitable for elderly patients due to balanced inhibition of COX-1/COX-2. From a pharmacoeconomic perspective, imrecoxib is more cost-effective than celecoxib and diclofenac for osteoarthritis patients. With the deepening of the disease pathophysiology study of osteoarthritis, new therapeutic schemes and pharmacological mechanisms are constantly discovered. In the field of osteoarthritis treatment, mechanisms other than the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of COX-2 inhibitors are also being explored. Taken together, imrecoxib is a moderate selective COX-2 inhibitor with some advantages, and there would be more clinical applications and research opportunities in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-hong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling-ling Zhu
- VIP Geriatric Ward, Division of Nursing, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian-lang Li
- Department of VIP Care and Geriatric Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
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Sun Z, Ji Z, Meng H, He W, Li B, Pan X, Zhou Y, Yu G. Lactate facilitated mitochondrial fission-derived ROS to promote pulmonary fibrosis via ERK/DRP-1 signaling. J Transl Med 2024; 22:479. [PMID: 38773615 PMCID: PMC11106888 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05289-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrotic interstitial lung diseases, which mainly existed in middle-aged and elderly people. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a common characteristic of IPF. Previous research also shown that lactate levels can be abnormally elevated in IPF patients. Emerging evidence suggested a relationship between lactate and ROS in IPF which needs further elucidation. In this article, we utilized a mouse model of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis to detect alterations in ROS levels and other indicators associated with fibrosis. Lactate could induce mitochondrial fragmentation by modulating expression and activity of DRP1 and ERK. Moreover, Increased ROS promoted P65 translocation into nucleus, leading to expression of lung fibrotic markers. Finally, Ulixertinib, Mdivi-1 and Mito-TEMPO, which were inhibitor activity of ERK, DRP1 and mtROS, respectively, could effectively prevented mitochondrial damage and production of ROS and eventually alleviate pulmonary fibrosis. Taken together, these findings suggested that lactate could promote lung fibrosis by increasing mitochondrial fission-derived ROS via ERK/DRP1 signaling, which may provide novel therapeutic solutions for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Sun
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan, China.
| | - Zhihua Ji
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan, China
| | - Huiwen Meng
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan, China
| | - Wanyu He
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyue Pan
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan, China
| | - Yanlin Zhou
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan, China
| | - Guoying Yu
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan, China.
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Park JY, Kim JH, Park CH, Kim SH, Kim IH, Cho WG. Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate induces pyroptosis via reactive oxygen species-regulated mitochondrial dysfunction in bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicology 2024; 505:153827. [PMID: 38729513 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death characterized by gasdermin (GSDM)-mediated pore formation in the cell membrane, resulting in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cellular lysis. Increasing evidence has shown that pyroptosis is responsible for the progression of various pulmonary disorders. The inhalation of polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) causes severe lung inflammation and pulmonary toxicity; however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the role of pyroptosis in PHMG-induced pulmonary toxicity. We exposed bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B, to PHMG phosphate (PHMG-p) and evaluated cell death type, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and relative expression levels of pyroptosis-related proteins. Our data revealed that PHMG-p reduced viability and induced morphological alterations in BEAS-2B cells. Exposure to PHMG-p induced excessive accumulation of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) in BEAS-2B cells. PHMG-p activated caspase-dependent apoptosis as well as NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated- and caspase-3/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis through mitochondrial oxidative stress in BEAS-2B cells. Notably, PHMG-p reduced mitochondrial respiratory function and induced the translocation of Bax and cleaved GSDM into the mitochondria, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. Our results enhanced our understanding of PHMG-p-induced lung toxicity by demonstrating that PHMG-p induces pyroptosis via mtROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in bronchial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Park
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Kim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan-si 35138, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Ho Park
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, 20, Ilsan-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hyeon Kim
- Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gil Cho
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, 20, Ilsan-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea.
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Cai L, Wang J, Yi X, Yu S, Wang C, Zhang L, Zhang X, Cheng L, Ruan W, Dong F, Su P, Shi Y. Nintedanib-loaded exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells inhibit pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:1543-1552. [PMID: 38245633 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive lung disorder with a high mortality rate; its therapy remains limited due to the inefficiency of drug delivery. In this study, the system of drug delivery of nintedanib (Nin) by exosomes derived from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs-Exo, Exo) was developed to effectively deliver Nin to lung lesion tissue to ensure enhanced anti-fibrosis therapy. METHODS The bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF model was constructed in vivo and in vitro. The effects of Exo-Nin on BLM-induced PF and its regulatory mechanism were examined using RT-qPCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and H&E staining. RESULTS We found Exo-Nin significantly improved BLM-induced PF in vivo and in vitro compared to Nin and Exo groups alone. Mechanistically, Exo-Nin alleviated fibrogenesis by suppressing endothelial-mesenchymal transition through the down-regulation of the TGF-β/Smad pathway and the attenuation of oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Utilizing adipose stem cell-derived exosomes as carriers for Nin exhibited a notable enhancement in therapeutic efficacy. This improvement can be attributed to the regenerative properties of exosomes, indicating promising prospects for adipose-derived exosomes in cell-free therapies for PF. IMPACT The system of drug delivery of nintedanib (Nin) by exosomes derived from adipose-derived stem cells was developed to effectively deliver Nin to lung lesion tissue to ensure enhanced anti-fibrosis therapy. The use of adipose stem cell-derived exosomes as the carrier of Nin may increase the therapeutic effect of Nin, which can be due to the regenerative properties of the exosomes and indicate promising prospects for adipose-derived exosomes in cell-free therapies for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Cai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Xue Yi
- Department of Basic Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuwei Yu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Lixian Cheng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenwen Ruan
- Department of Basic Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Feige Dong
- Department of Basic Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Ping Su
- Department of Basic Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Basic Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China.
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Perrotta F, D'Agnano V, Mariniello DF, Castaldo G, Vitale M, Cazzola M, Bianco A, Scialò F. Potential role of SIRT-1 and SIRT-3 as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2024; 25:189. [PMID: 38678247 PMCID: PMC11056041 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02796-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a debilitating and progressive lung disease of unknown aetiology, characterized by the relentless deposition of fibrotic tissue. Biomarkers may play a pivotal role as indicators of disease presence, progression, and treatment response. Sirtuins, a family of enzymes with ADP ribosyltransferase or deacetylase activity, have been implicated in several diseases, including pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS A cross-sectional, prospective, observational single-center study was conducted to investigate the potential role of serum SIRTs levels as biomarkers in patients with IPF. Demographic, clinical, and functional data and serological samples were collected from 34 patients with IPF followed at the Interstital Lung and Rare Diseases Outpatient Clinic of the Vanvitelli Pneumology Clinic, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy and from 19 age-matched controls. RESULTS Serum SIRT-1 levels were significantly reduced in IPF patients compared to controls (median IPF 667 [435-858] pg/mL versus controls 925 [794-1173] pg/mL; p < 0.001 ). In contrast, serum SIRT-3 levels were significantly increased in IPF patients compared to controls (median IPF 338 [230-500] pg/mL versus controls 154 [99.8-246] pg/mL; p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in serum SIRT-6 and SIRT-7 levels between IPF and controls. In addition, we found a significant positive correlation between SIRT-1 and lung function parameters such as FEV1% (ϱ=0.417;p = 0.016), FVC% (ϱ=0.449;p = 0.009) and DLCO% (ϱ=0.393;p = 0.024), while a significant negative correlation was demonstrated between SIR-1 and GAP score, demonstrating a significant reduction in SIRT-1 in advanced Gender-Age-Physiology (GAP) stages 2-3 compared to GAP stage 1 (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS This prospective, cross-sectional study showed that SIRT-1 was associated with lung function and IPF severity and that both SIRT-1 and SIRT-3 could be considered as potential biomarkers of IPF, whereas SIRT-6 and SIRT-7 were not associated with IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Perrotta
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy.
- U.O.C. Clinica Pneumologica L. Vanvitelli, A.O. dei Colli, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy.
| | - Vito D'Agnano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
- U.O.C. Clinica Pneumologica L. Vanvitelli, A.O. dei Colli, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenica Francesca Mariniello
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
- U.O.C. Clinica Pneumologica L. Vanvitelli, A.O. dei Colli, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castaldo
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Vitale
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Cazzola
- Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Bianco
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
- U.O.C. Clinica Pneumologica L. Vanvitelli, A.O. dei Colli, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Filippo Scialò
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
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7
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Yang Y, Xiao Z, Yang W, Sun Y, Sui X, Lin X, Yang X, Bao Z, Cui Z, Ma Y, Li W, Wang S, Yang J, Wang Y, Luo Y. Role of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: modulation of M2 macrophage polarization. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:187. [PMID: 38635081 PMCID: PMC11026287 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) poses significant challenges due to limited treatment options despite its complex pathogenesis involving cellular and molecular mechanisms. This study investigated the role of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels in regulating M2 macrophage polarization in IPF progression, potentially offering novel therapeutic targets. Using a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model in C57BL/6J mice, we assessed the therapeutic potential of the TRPA1 inhibitor HC-030031. TRPA1 upregulation was observed in fibrotic lungs, correlating with worsened lung function and reduced survival. TRPA1 inhibition mitigated fibrosis severity, evidenced by decreased collagen deposition and restored lung tissue stiffness. Furthermore, TRPA1 blockade reversed aberrant M2 macrophage polarization induced by bleomycin, associated with reduced Smad2 phosphorylation in the TGF-β1-Smad2 pathway. In vitro studies with THP-1 cells treated with bleomycin and HC-030031 corroborated these findings, highlighting TRPA1's involvement in fibrotic modulation and macrophage polarization control. Overall, targeting TRPA1 channels presents promising therapeutic potential in managing pulmonary fibrosis by reducing pro-fibrotic marker expression, inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization, and diminishing collagen deposition. This study sheds light on a novel avenue for therapeutic intervention in IPF, addressing a critical need in the management of this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Weijie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenghao Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yingkai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Shengran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China.
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Shchepikhin EI, Shmelev EI, Ergeshov AE. [Pulmonary fibrosis after a new coronavirus infection - versions and controversies: A review]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2024; 96:298-302. [PMID: 38713047 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2024.03.202632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a dynamic process characterized by a typical cascade of events as a result of overexpressed repair of connective tissue in response to injury, and manifested by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. The development of fibrosis is a determining factor in the pathogenesis, clinical course and prognosis of many diseases, among which interstitial lung diseases occupy a special place. According to a large Russian registry (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04492384), in a third of patients with COVID-19, the volume of lung parenchyma involvement exceeds 50% (CT 3-4). The rapid growth in the number of patients who have had a coronavirus infection with lung damage has raised the issues of its long-term consequences to the number of the most relevant in internal medicine of the current time. Often, in the outcome of a coronavirus infection, patients retain clinical and functional changes that are similar to interstitial lung diseases of a different origin, the prognosis of which is determined by the development of interstitial fibrosis and the rate of its progression. This article is an attempt to consider topical issues of fibrogenesis in patients who have undergone a new coronavirus infection through the prism of polar data on immunobiology, clinical course and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Shchepikhin
- Central Tuberculosis Research Institute
- Central Clinical Hospital of the Administrative Directorate of the President of the Russian Federation
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9
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Feng Y, Tang D, Wang J. Emerging role and function of SPDL1 in human health and diseases. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20240922. [PMID: 38623460 PMCID: PMC11017184 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
SPDL1 (spindle apparatus coiled-coil protein 1), also referred to as CCDC99, is a recently identified gene involved in cell cycle regulation. SPDL1 encodes a protein, hSpindly, which plays a critical role in the maintenance of spindle checkpoint silencing during mitosis. hSpindly coordinates microtubule attachment by promoting kinesin recruitment and mitotic checkpoint signaling. Moreover, the protein performs numerous biological functions in vivo and its aberrant expression is closely associated with abnormal neuronal development, pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, and malignant tumor development. In this review, we provide an overview of studies that reveal the characteristics of SPDL1 and of the protein encoded by it, as well as its biological and tumor-promoting functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejiao Feng
- Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Donghao Tang
- Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230022, China
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
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10
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Luo J, Li P, Dong M, Zhang Y, Lu S, Chen M, Zhou H, Lin N, Jiang H, Wang Y. SLC15A3 plays a crucial role in pulmonary fibrosis by regulating macrophage oxidative stress. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:417-430. [PMID: 38374230 PMCID: PMC11043330 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01266-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal and irreversible disease with few effective treatments. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are involved in the development of IPF from the initial stages due to direct exposure to air and respond to external oxidative damage (a major inducement of pulmonary fibrosis). Oxidative stress in AMs plays an indispensable role in promoting fibrosis development. The oligopeptide histidine transporter SLC15A3, mainly expressed on the lysosomal membrane of macrophages and highly expressed in the lung, has proved to be involved in innate immune and antiviral signaling pathways. In this study, we demonstrated that during bleomycin (BLM)- or radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis, the recruitment of macrophages induced an increase of SLC15A3 in the lung, and the deficiency of SLC15A3 protected mice from pulmonary fibrosis and maintained the homeostasis of the pulmonary microenvironment. Mechanistically, deficiency of SLC15A3 resisted oxidative stress in macrophages, and SLC15A3 interacted with the scaffold protein p62 to regulate its expression and phosphorylation activation, thereby regulating p62-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) antioxidant stress pathway protein, which is related to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Overall, our data provided a novel mechanism for targeting SLC15A3 to regulate oxidative stress in macrophages, supporting the therapeutic potential of inhibiting or silencing SLC15A3 for the precautions and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Luo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minlei Dong
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingqiong Zhang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuanghui Lu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingyang Chen
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nengming Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huidi Jiang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China.
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
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Yaremenko AV, Pechnikova NA, Porpodis K, Damdoumis S, Aggeli A, Theodora P, Domvri K. Association of Fetal Lung Development Disorders with Adult Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. J Pers Med 2024; 14:368. [PMID: 38672994 PMCID: PMC11051200 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14040368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fetal lung development is a crucial and complex process that lays the groundwork for postnatal respiratory health. However, disruptions in this delicate developmental journey can lead to fetal lung development disorders, impacting neonatal outcomes and potentially influencing health outcomes well into adulthood. Recent research has shed light on the intriguing association between fetal lung development disorders and the development of adult diseases. Understanding these links can provide valuable insights into the developmental origins of health and disease, paving the way for targeted preventive measures and clinical interventions. This review article aims to comprehensively explore the association of fetal lung development disorders with adult diseases. We delve into the stages of fetal lung development, examining key factors influencing fetal lung maturation. Subsequently, we investigate specific fetal lung development disorders, such as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), and other abnormalities. Furthermore, we explore the potential mechanisms underlying these associations, considering the role of epigenetic modifications, transgenerational effects, and intrauterine environmental factors. Additionally, we examine the epidemiological evidence and clinical findings linking fetal lung development disorders to adult respiratory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory ailments. This review provides valuable insights for healthcare professionals and researchers, guiding future investigations and shaping strategies for preventive interventions and long-term care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V. Yaremenko
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Oncology Unit, Pulmonary Department, George Papanikolaou Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.P.); (S.D.)
| | - Nadezhda A. Pechnikova
- Laboratory of Chemical Engineering A’, School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (N.A.P.); (A.A.)
- Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Konstantinos Porpodis
- Oncology Unit, Pulmonary Department, George Papanikolaou Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.P.); (S.D.)
| | - Savvas Damdoumis
- Oncology Unit, Pulmonary Department, George Papanikolaou Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.P.); (S.D.)
| | - Amalia Aggeli
- Laboratory of Chemical Engineering A’, School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (N.A.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Papamitsou Theodora
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Kalliopi Domvri
- Oncology Unit, Pulmonary Department, George Papanikolaou Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.P.); (S.D.)
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Pathology Department, George Papanikolaou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
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12
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Drzewicka K, Zasłona Z. Metabolism-driven glycosylation represents therapeutic opportunities in interstitial lung diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1328781. [PMID: 38550597 PMCID: PMC10973144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1328781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes are coupled with alteration in protein glycosylation. In this review, we will focus on macrophages that are pivotal in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis and thanks to their adaptable metabolism are an attractive therapeutic target. Examples presented in this review demonstrate that protein glycosylation regulates metabolism-driven immune responses in macrophages, with implications for fibrotic processes and granuloma formation. Targeting proteins that regulate glycosylation, such as fucosyltransferases, neuraminidase 1 and chitinase 1 could effectively block immunometabolic changes driving inflammation and fibrosis, providing novel avenues for therapeutic interventions.
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13
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Tao H, Lv Q, Zhang J, Chen L, Yang Y, Sun W. Different Levels of Autophagy Activity in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Involved in the Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Stem Cells Int 2024; 2024:3429565. [PMID: 38390035 PMCID: PMC10883747 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3429565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an age-related lung interstitial disease that occurs predominantly in people over 65 years of age and for which there is a lack of effective therapeutic agents. It has demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) including alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) can perform repair functions. However, MSCs lose their repair functions due to their distinctive aging characteristics, eventually leading to the progression of IPF. Recent breakthroughs have revealed that the degree of autophagic activity influences the renewal and aging of MSCs and determines the prognosis of IPF. Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent pathway that mediates the degradation and recycling of intracellular material and is an efficient way to renew the nonnuclear (cytoplasmic) part of eukaryotic cells, which is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and is a potential target for regulating MSCs function. Therefore, this review focuses on the changes in autophagic activity of MSCs, clarifies the relationship between autophagy and health status of MSCs and the effect of autophagic activity on MSCs senescence and IPF, providing a theoretical basis for promoting the clinical application of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Tao
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qin Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Medical College, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Medical College, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Medical College, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Medical College, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Medical College, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
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14
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Surendran A, Huang C, Liu L. Circular RNAs and their roles in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2024; 25:77. [PMID: 38321530 PMCID: PMC10848557 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02716-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal lung disease with limited treatment options. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as a novel class of non-coding RNAs with diverse functions in cellular processes. This review paper aims to explore the potential involvement of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of IPF and their diagnostic and therapeutic implications. We begin by providing an overview of the epidemiology and risk factors associated with IPF, followed by a discussion of the pathophysiology underlying this complex disease. Subsequently, we delve into the history, types, biogenesis, and functions of circRNAs and then emphasize their regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of IPF. Furthermore, we examine the current methodologies for detecting circRNAs and explore their diagnostic applications in IPF. Finally, we discuss the potential utility of circRNAs in the treatment of IPF. In conclusion, circRNAs hold great promise as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the management of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Surendran
- The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 264 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Chaoqun Huang
- The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 264 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 264 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA.
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15
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Sun M, Zhang F, Lu F, Yu D, Wang Y, Chen P, Liu S. Integrating fecal metabolomics and intestinal microbiota to study the mechanism of cannabidiol in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1358626. [PMID: 38379898 PMCID: PMC10877013 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1358626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic interstitial lung disease characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. Cannabidiol, a natural component extracted from plant cannabis, has been shown to have therapeutic effects on lung diseases, but its exact mechanism of action is unknown, hindering its therapeutic effectiveness. Methods: To establish a pulmonary fibrosis model, combined with UPLC-Q-TOF/MS metabolomics and 16S rDNA sequencing, to explore cannabidiol's mechanism in treating pulmonary fibrosis. The rats were randomly divided into the control group, pulmonary fibrosis model group, prednisone treatment group, and cannabidiol low, medium, and high dose groups. The expression levels of HYP, SOD, and MDA in lung tissue and the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in serum were detected. Intestinal microbiota was detected using UPLC-QTOF/MS analysis of metabolomic properties and 16S rDNA sequencing. Results: Pathological studies and biochemical indexes showed that cannabidiol treatment could significantly alleviate IPF symptoms, significantly reduce the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MDA, and HYP, and increase the expression level of SOD (p < 0.05). CBD-H can regulate Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Pseudomonas, Clostridia_UCG-014, Collinsella, Prevotella, [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group, Fusobacterium, Ruminococcus, and Streptococcus, it can restore intestinal microbiota function and reverse fecal metabolism trend. It also plays the role of fibrosis through the metabolism of linoleic acid, glycerol, linolenic acid, and sphingolipid. Discussion: Cannabidiol reverses intestinal microbiota imbalance and attenuates pulmonary fibrosis in rats through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrotic effects. This study lays the foundation for future research on the pathological mechanisms of IPF and the development of new drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shumin Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Gairola S, Sinha A, Kaundal RK. Linking NLRP3 inflammasome and pulmonary fibrosis: mechanistic insights and promising therapeutic avenues. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:287-305. [PMID: 37991660 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating disorder distinguished by redundant inflammation and matrix accumulation in the lung interstitium. The early inflammatory cascade coupled with recurring tissue injury orchestrates a set of events marked by perturbed matrix hemostasis, deposition of matrix proteins, and remodeling in lung tissue. Numerous investigations have corroborated a direct correlation between the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) activation and the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Dysregulated activation of NLRP3 within the pulmonary microenvironment exacerbates inflammation and may incite fibrogenic responses. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms through which the NLRP3 inflammasome elicits pro-fibrogenic responses remain inadequately defined. Contemporary findings suggest that the pro-fibrotic consequences stemming from NLRP3 signaling primarily hinge on the action of interleukin-1β (IL-1β). IL-1β instigates IL-1 receptor signaling, potentiating the activity of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). This signaling cascade, in turn, exerts influence over various transcription factors, including SNAIL, TWIST, and zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB 1/2), which collectively foster myofibroblast activation and consequent lung fibrosis. Here, we have connected the dots to illustrate how the NLRP3 inflammasome orchestrates a multitude of signaling events, including the activation of transcription factors that facilitate myofibroblast activation and subsequent lung remodeling. In addition, we have highlighted the prominent role played by various cells in the formation of myofibroblasts, the primary culprit in lung fibrosis. We also provided a concise overview of various compounds that hold the potential to impede NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, thus offering a promising avenue for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit Gairola
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP, 226002, India
| | - Antarip Sinha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP, 226002, India
| | - Ravinder K Kaundal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP, 226002, India.
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17
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Bramey N, Melo-Narvaez MC, See F, Ballester-Lllobell B, Steinchen C, Jain E, Hafner K, Yildirim AÖ, Königshoff M, Lehmann M. Stimuli-specific senescence of primary human lung fibroblasts modulates alveolar stem cell function. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3879423. [PMID: 38352619 PMCID: PMC10862971 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3879423/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Aging is the main risk factor for chronic lung diseases (CLDs) including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Accordingly, hallmarks of aging such as cellular senescence are present in different lung cell types such as fibroblasts in these patients. However, whether the senescent phenotype of fibroblasts derived from IPF or COPD patients differs is still unknown. Therefore, we characterized senescence at baseline and after exposure to disease-relevant insults (H 2 O 2 , bleomycin, and TGF-β1) in cultured primary human lung fibroblasts (phLF) from control donors, IPF, or COPD patients. We found that phLF from different disease-origins have a low baseline senescence. H 2 O 2 and bleomycin treatment induced a senescent phenotype in phLF, whereas TGF-β1 had primarily a pro-fibrotic effect. Notably, we did not observe any differences in susceptibility to senescence induction in phLF based on disease origin, while exposure to different stimuli resulted in distinct senescence programs in phLF. Moreover, senescent phLF reduced colony formation efficiency of distal alveolar epithelial progenitor cells in a stimuli-dependent manner. In conclusion, the senescent phenotype of phLF is mainly determined by the senescence inducer and impairs alveolar epithelial progenitor capacity in vitro .
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18
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Yang X, Yu P, Sun H, Deng M, Liu A, Li C, Meng W, Xu W, Xie B, Geng J, Ren Y, Zhang R, Liu M, Dai H. Assessment of lung deformation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with elastic registration technique on pulmonary three-dimensional ultrashort echo time MRI. Insights Imaging 2024; 15:17. [PMID: 38253739 PMCID: PMC10803694 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-023-01555-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess lung deformation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) using with elastic registration algorithm applied to three-dimensional ultrashort echo time (3D-UTE) MRI and analyze relationship of lung deformation with the severity of IPF. METHODS Seventy-six patients with IPF (mean age: 62 ± 6 years) and 62 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (mean age: 58 ± 4 years) were prospectively enrolled. End-inspiration and end-expiration images acquired with a single breath-hold 3D-UTE sequence were registered using elastic registration algorithm. Jacobian determinants were calculated from deformation fields and represented on color maps. Jac-mean (absolute value of the log means of Jacobian determinants) and the Dice similarity coefficient (Dice) were compared between different groups. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, the Jac-mean of IPF patients significantly decreased (0.21 ± 0.08 vs. 0.27 ± 0. 07, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the Jac-mean and Dice correlated with the metrics of pulmonary function tests and the composite physiological index. The lung deformation in IPF patients with dyspnea Medical Research Council (MRC) ≥ 3 (Jac-mean: 0.16 ± 0.03; Dice: 0.06 ± 0.02) was significantly lower than MRC1 (Jac-mean: 0. 25 ± 0.03, p < 0.001; Dice: 0.10 ± 0.01, p < 0.001) and MRC 2 (Jac-mean: 0.22 ± 0.11, p = 0.001; Dice: 0.08 ± 0.03, p = 0.006). Meanwhile, Jac-mean and Dice correlated with health-related quality of life, 6 min-walk distance, and the extent of pulmonary fibrosis. Jac-mean correlated with pulmonary vascular-related indexes on high-resolution CT. CONCLUSION The decreased lung deformation in IPF patients correlated with the clinical severity of IPF patients. Elastic registration of inspiratory-to-expiratory 3D UTE MRI may be a new morphological and functional marker for non-radiation and noninvasive evaluation of IPF. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT This prospective study demonstrated that lung deformation decreased in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients and correlated with the severity of IPF. Elastic registration of inspiratory-to-expiratory three-dimensional ultrashort echo time (3D UTE) MRI may be a new morphological and functional marker for non-radiation and noninvasive evaluation of IPF. KEY POINTS • Elastic registration of inspiratory-to-expiratory three-dimensional ultrashort echo time (3D UTE) MRI could evaluate lung deformation. • Lung deformation significantly decreased in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients, compared with the healthy controls. • Reduced lung deformation of IPF patients correlated with worsened pulmonary function and the composite physiological index (CPI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dong Street, Hepingli, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Pengxin Yu
- Institute of Advanced Research, Infervision Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Haishuang Sun
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dong Street, Hepingli, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dong Street, Hepingli, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Anqi Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dong Street, Hepingli, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chen Li
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dong Street, Hepingli, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenyan Meng
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dong Street, Hepingli, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenxiu Xu
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dong Street, Hepingli, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Bingbing Xie
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dong Street, Hepingli, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jing Geng
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dong Street, Hepingli, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yanhong Ren
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dong Street, Hepingli, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Rongguo Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Research, Infervision Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dong Street, Hepingli, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Huaping Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dong Street, Hepingli, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Liao YW, Chen YM, Liu MC, Wu YC, Hsu CY, Fu PK, Huang WN, Chen YH. Multidisciplinary-derived clinical score for accurate prediction of long-term mortality in fibrotic lung disease patients. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:69. [PMID: 38245785 PMCID: PMC10799536 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01644-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) stands out as one of the most aggressive forms of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), currently without a definitive cure. Multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) is now considered a cornerstone in diagnosing and differentiating ILD subtypes. The Gender-Age-Physiology (GAP) score, developed to assess IPF prognosis based on sex, age, forced vital capacity, and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), is limited in not considering dyspnea and functional impairment during the walking test. We proposed a MDD-based clinical score for mortality prediction among those patients. METHODS From December 2018 to December 2019, we enrolled ILD patients with IPF and non-IPF and followed-up them till December 2020. Based on DLCO, modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scale, and six-minute walking test (6MWT) distance, a functional score was developed for mortality prediction. RESULTS We enrolled 104 ILD patients, 12 (11.5%) died by the one-year follow-up. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, DLCO (% predicted) was the most accurate variable predicting one-year mortality with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.80-0.94), followed by mMRC Dyspnea Score (AUC = 0.82 [95% CI = 0.73-0.89]), 6MWT distance (AUC = 0.80 [95% CI = 0.71-0.88]), and GAP score (AUC = 0.77 [95% CI = 0.67-0.84]). Only the GAP score (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.03-2.34, p = 0.0.37) and functional score (HR = 3.45, 95% CI = 1.11-10.73, p = 0.032) were significantly associated with one-year mortality in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSION The clinical score composite of DLCO, mMRC Dyspnea Scale, and 6MWT distance could provide an accurate prediction for long-term mortality in ILD patients, laying out a helpful tool for managing and following these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wan Liao
- Integrated Care Center of Interstitial Lung Disease, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ming Chen
- Division of Translation Medicine, Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Wu
- Integrated Care Center of Interstitial Lung Disease, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
| | - Chiann-Yi Hsu
- Biostatistics Task Force, Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Kuei Fu
- Integrated Care Center of Interstitial Lung Disease, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan.
- Division of Clinical Research, Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650 Taiwan Boulevard Sect. 4, Taichung, 407219, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Nan Huang
- Integrated Care Center of Interstitial Lung Disease, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsing Chen
- Integrated Care Center of Interstitial Lung Disease, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40200, Taiwan
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Zhu H, Zhou A, Zhang M, Pan L, Wu X, Fu C, Gong L, Yang W, Liu D, Cheng Y. Comprehensive analysis of an endoplasmic reticulum stress-related gene prediction model and immune infiltration in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1305025. [PMID: 38274787 PMCID: PMC10808546 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1305025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in IPF and explore its correlation with immune infiltration. Methods ERS-related differentially expressed genes (ERSRDEGs) were identified by intersecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from three Gene Expression Omnibus datasets with ERS-related gene sets. Gene Set Variation Analysis and Gene Ontology were used to explore the potential biological mechanisms underlying ERS. A nomogram was developed using the risk signature derived from the ERSRDEGs to perform risk assessment. The diagnostic value of the risk signature was evaluated using receiver operating characteristics, calibration, and decision curve analyses. The ERS score of patients with IPF was measured using a single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm. Subsequently, a prognostic model based on the ERS scores was established. The proportion of immune cell infiltration was assessed using the ssGSEA and CIBERSORT algorithms. Finally, the expression of ERSRDEGs was validated in vivo and in vitro via RT-qPCR. Results This study developed an 8-ERSRDEGs signature. Based on the expression of these genes, we constructed a diagnostic nomogram model in which agouti-related neuropeptide had a significantly greater impact on the model. The area under the curve values for the predictive value of the ERSRDEGs signature were 0.975 and 1.000 for GSE70866 and GSE110147, respectively. We developed a prognostic model based on the ERS scores of patients with IPF. Furthermore, we classified patients with IPF into two subtypes based on their signatures. The RT-qPCR validation results supported the reliability of most of our conclusions. Conclusion We developed and verified a risk model using eight ERSRDEGs. These eight genes can potentially affect the progression of IPF by regulating ERS and immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi) of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Aiming Zhou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Menglin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Anshun, Anshun, China
| | - Lin Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, China
| | - Chenkun Fu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ling Gong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi) of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Wenting Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Daishun Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yiju Cheng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, China
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Barron SL, Wyatt O, O'Connor A, Mansfield D, Suzanne Cohen E, Witkos TM, Strickson S, Owens RM. Modelling bronchial epithelial-fibroblast cross-talk in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) using a human-derived in vitro air liquid interface (ALI) culture. Sci Rep 2024; 14:240. [PMID: 38168149 PMCID: PMC10761879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50618-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating form of respiratory disease with a life expectancy of 3-4 years. Inflammation, epithelial injury and myofibroblast proliferation have been implicated in disease initiation and, recently, epithelial-fibroblastic crosstalk has been identified as a central driver. However, the ability to interrogate this crosstalk is limited due to the absence of in vitro models that mimic physiological conditions. To investigate IPF dysregulated cross-talk, primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells and primary normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF) or diseased human lung fibroblasts (DHLF) from IPF patients, were co-cultured in direct contact at the air-liquid interface (ALI). Intercellular crosstalk was assessed by comparing cellular phenotypes of co-cultures to respective monocultures, through optical, biomolecular and electrical methods. A co-culture-dependent decrease in epithelium thickness, basal cell mRNA (P63, KRT5) and an increase in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was observed. This effect was significantly enhanced in DHLF co-cultures and lead to the induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and increased mRNA expression of TGFβ-2, ZO-1 and DN12. When stimulated with exogenous TGFβ, NHBE and NHLF monocultures showed a significant upregulation of EMT (COL1A1, FN1, VIM, ASMA) and senescence (P21) markers, respectively. In contrast, direct NHLF/NHBE co-culture indicated a protective role of epithelial-fibroblastic cross-talk against TGFβ-induced EMT, fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) and inflammatory cytokine release (IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, IL-1β, TNF-α). DHLF co-cultures showed no significant phenotypic transition upon stimulation, likely due to the constitutively high expression of TGFβ isoforms prior to any exogenous stimulation. The model developed provides an alternative method to generate IPF-related bronchial epithelial phenotypes in vitro, through the direct co-culture of human lung fibroblasts with NHBEs. These findings highlight the importance of fibroblast TGFβ signaling in EMT but that monocultures give rise to differential responses compared to co-cultures, when exposed to this pro-inflammatory stimulus. This holds implications for any translation conclusions drawn from monoculture studies and is an important step in development of more biomimetic models of IPF. In summary, we believe this in vitro system to study fibroblast-epithelial crosstalk, within the context of IPF, provides a platform which will aid in the identification and validation of novel targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Barron
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Owen Wyatt
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andy O'Connor
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Mansfield
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - E Suzanne Cohen
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tomasz M Witkos
- Analytical Sciences, Bioassay, Biosafety and Impurities, BioPharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sam Strickson
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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22
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Shakour N, Karami S, Iranshahi M, Butler AE, Sahebkar A. Antifibrotic effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors: A comprehensive review. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2024; 18:102934. [PMID: 38154403 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Scar tissue accumulation in organs is the underlying cause of many fibrotic diseases. Due to the extensive array of organs affected, the long-term nature of fibrotic processes and the large number of people who suffer from the negative impact of these diseases, they constitute a serious health problem for modern medicine and a huge economic burden on society. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are a relatively new class of anti-diabetic pharmaceuticals that offer additional benefits over and above their glucose-lowering properties; these medications modulate a variety of diseases, including fibrosis. Herein, we have collated and analyzed all available research on SGLT2is and their effects on organ fibrosis, together with providing a proposed explanation as to the underlying mechanisms. METHODS PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Scopus were searched spanning the period from 2012 until April 2023 to find relevant articles describing the antifibrotic effects of SGLT2is. RESULTS The majority of reports have shown that SGLT2is are protective against lung, liver, heart and kidney fibrosis as well as arterial stiffness. According to the results of clinical trials and animal studies, many SGLT2 inhibitors are promising candidates for the treatment of fibrosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that SGLT2is affect an array of cellular processes, including hypoxia, inflammation, oxidative stress, the renin-angiotensin system and metabolic activities, all of which have been linked to fibrosis. CONCLUSION Extensive evidence indicates that SGLT2is are promising treatments for fibrosis, demonstrating protective effects in various organs and influencing key cellular processes linked to fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Shakour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shima Karami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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23
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Hou J, Yang Y, Han X. Machine Learning and Single-Cell Analysis Identify Molecular Features of IPF-Associated Fibroblast Subtypes and Their Implications on IPF Prognosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:94. [PMID: 38203265 PMCID: PMC10778894 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating lung disease of unknown cause, and the involvement of fibroblasts in its pathogenesis is well recognized. However, a comprehensive understanding of fibroblasts' heterogeneity, their molecular characteristics, and their clinical relevance in IPF is lacking. In this study, we aimed to systematically classify fibroblast populations, uncover the molecular and biological features of fibroblast subtypes in fibrotic lung tissue, and establish an IPF-associated, fibroblast-related predictive model for IPF. Herein, a meticulous analysis of scRNA-seq data obtained from lung tissues of both normal and IPF patients was conducted to identify fibroblast subpopulations in fibrotic lung tissues. In addition, hdWGCNA was utilized to identify co-expressed gene modules associated with IPF-related fibroblasts. Furthermore, we explored the prognostic utility of signature genes for these IPF-related fibroblast subtypes using a machine learning-based approach. Two predominant fibroblast subpopulations, termed IPF-related fibroblasts, were identified in fibrotic lung tissues. Additionally, we identified co-expressed gene modules that are closely associated with IPF-fibroblasts by utilizing hdWGCNA. We identified gene signatures that hold promise as prognostic markers in IPF. Moreover, we constructed a predictive model specifically focused on IPF-fibroblasts which can be utilized to assess disease prognosis in IPF patients. These findings have the potential to improve disease prediction and facilitate targeted interventions for patients with IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Canter of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | | | - Xin Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Canter of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China;
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24
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Kozawa S, Tejima K, Takagi S, Kuroda M, Nogami-Itoh M, Kitamura H, Niwa T, Ogura T, Natsume-Kitatani Y, Sato TN. Latent inter-organ mechanism of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis unveiled by a generative computational approach. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21981. [PMID: 38081956 PMCID: PMC10713585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49281-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive disease characterized by complex lung pathogenesis affecting approximately three million people worldwide. While the molecular and cellular details of the IPF mechanism is emerging, our current understanding is centered around the lung itself. On the other hand, many human diseases are the products of complex multi-organ interactions. Hence, we postulate that a dysfunctional crosstalk of the lung with other organs plays a causative role in the onset, progression and/or complications of IPF. In this study, we employed a generative computational approach to identify such inter-organ mechanism of IPF. This approach found unexpected molecular relatedness of IPF to neoplasm, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, obesity, atherosclerosis, and arteriosclerosis. Furthermore, as a potential mechanism underlying this relatedness, we uncovered a putative molecular crosstalk system across the lung and the liver. In this inter-organ system, a secreted protein, kininogen 1, from hepatocytes in the liver interacts with its receptor, bradykinin receptor B1 in the lung. This ligand-receptor interaction across the liver and the lung leads to the activation of calmodulin pathways in the lung, leading to the activation of interleukin 6 and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 pathway across these organs. Importantly, we retrospectively identified several pre-clinical and clinical evidence supporting this inter-organ mechanism of IPF. In conclusion, such feedforward and feedback loop system across the lung and the liver provides a unique opportunity for the development of the treatment and/or diagnosis of IPF. Furthermore, the result illustrates a generative computational framework for machine-mediated synthesis of mechanisms that facilitates and complements the traditional experimental approaches in biomedical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kozawa
- Karydo TherapeutiX, Inc., 2-2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-Cho, Soraku-Gun, Kyoto, 619-0288, Japan
- The Thomas N. Sato BioMEC-X Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kengo Tejima
- Karydo TherapeutiX, Inc., 2-2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-Cho, Soraku-Gun, Kyoto, 619-0288, Japan
- The Thomas N. Sato BioMEC-X Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunki Takagi
- Karydo TherapeutiX, Inc., 2-2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-Cho, Soraku-Gun, Kyoto, 619-0288, Japan
- The Thomas N. Sato BioMEC-X Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Kuroda
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
- Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mari Nogami-Itoh
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideya Kitamura
- Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Niwa
- Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogura
- Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yayoi Natsume-Kitatani
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Thomas N Sato
- Karydo TherapeutiX, Inc., 2-2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-Cho, Soraku-Gun, Kyoto, 619-0288, Japan.
- The Thomas N. Sato BioMEC-X Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), Kyoto, Japan.
- V-iCliniX Laboratory, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.
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25
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Zou M, Hu X, Song W, Gao H, Wu C, Zheng W, Cheng Z. Plasma LTBP2 as a potential biomarker in differential diagnosis of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a pilot study. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:4809-4816. [PMID: 37864077 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Few biomarkers distinguish connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Latent transforming growth factor-β binding protein-2 (LTBP2), a secreted extracellular matrix protein, is involved in pulmonary fibrosis. However, the role of LTBP2 in differentially diagnosing CTD-ILD and IPF is unclear. In this study, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays quantified plasma LTBP2 concentrations in 200 individuals (35 healthy controls, 42 CTD patients without ILD, 89 CTD-ILD patients, and 34 IPF patients). CTD-ILD and IPF were further classified based on chest imaging pattern and pulmonary function test results. Plasma LTBP2 levels were significantly elevated in the IPF group compared with the CTD-ILD group. ROC analysis further suggested the possible value of LTBP2 in differentially diagnosing CTD-ILD and IPF. Additionally, CTD-ILD patients with progressive lung fibrosis had higher plasma LTBP2 concentrations than those who did not. Similarly, patients with IPF developing acute exacerbation showed higher plasma LTBP2 levels than those with stable IPF. This is the first study showing that LTBP2 was closely associated with the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern in rheumatoid arthritis-associated ILD (RA-ILD). Moreover, the optimal cutoff values of LTBP2 for distinguishing IPF from CTD-UIP/RA-UIP were 33.75 and 38.33 ng/mL with an AUC of 0.682 and 0.681, respectively. Our findings suggest that plasma LTBP2 levels may differentially diagnose CTD-ILD and IPF, and assess their fibrotic activity. Additionally, clinical LTBP2 evaluation may be a great aid to identifying the presence of the UIP pattern in RA-ILD and to discriminating IPF from CTD-UIP, particularly RA-UIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Fourth Ward of Medical Care Center, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xingxing Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiwei Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changrong Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Weishuai Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
| | - Zhenshun Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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26
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Jing C, Fu R, Liu X, Zang G, Zhu X, Wang C, Zhang W. A comprehensive cuproptosis score and associated gene signatures reveal prognostic and immunological features of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1268141. [PMID: 38035073 PMCID: PMC10682708 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1268141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cuproptosis, the most recently identified and regulated cell death, depends on copper ions in vivo. Copper regulates the pathogenesis of Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but the mechanism of action underlying cuproptosis in IPF remains unclear. Methods We identified three cuproptosis patterns based on ten cuproptosis-related genes using unsupervised consensus clustering. We quantified these patterns using a PCA algorithm to construct a cuproptosis score. ssGSEA and the Cibersort algorithm assessed the immune profile of IPF patients. GSEA and GSVA were used to analyze the functional differences in different molecular patterns. Drug susceptibility prediction based on cuproptosis scores and meaningful gene markers was eventually screened in combination with external public data sets,in vitro experiments and our cases. Results Of the three types of cuproptosis-related clusters identified in the study, patients in the clusterA, geneclusterB, and score-high groups showed improved prognoses. Moreover, each cluster exhibited differential immune characteristics, with the subtype showing a poorer prognosis associated with an immune overreaction. Cuproptosis score can be an independent risk factor for predicting the prognosis of IPF patients. GSEA showed a significant functional correlation between the score and cuproptosis. The genes AKAP9, ANK3, C6orf106, LYRM7, and MBNL1, were identified as prognostic-related signatures in IPF patients. The functional role of immune regulation in IPF was further explored by correlating essential genes with immune factors. Also, the nomogram constructed by cumulative information from gene markers and cuproptosis score showed reliable clinical application. Conclusions Cuproptosis patterns differ significantly in the prognosis and immune characteristics of IPF patients. The cuproptosis score and five gene signatures can provide a reliable reference in the prognosis and diagnosis of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqing Jing
- Clinical Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Clinical Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guodong Zang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Li H, Kim JA, Jo SE, Lee H, Kim KC, Choi S, Suh SH. Modafinil exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects by upregulating adenosine A 2A and A 2B receptors. Purinergic Signal 2023:10.1007/s11302-023-09973-8. [PMID: 37938538 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09973-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptor (AR) suppresses inflammation and fibrosis by activating cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling. We investigated whether altered AR expression contributes to the development of fibrotic diseases and whether A2AAR and A2BAR upregulation inhibits fibrotic responses. Primary human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) from normal (NHLFs) or patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (DHLF) were used for in vitro testing. Murine models of fibrotic liver or pulmonary disease were developed by injecting thioacetamide intraperitoneally, by feeding a high-fat diet, or by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin. Modafinil, which activates cAMP signaling via A2AAR and A2BAR, was administered orally. The protein amounts of A2AAR, A2BAR, and exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) were reduced, while collagen and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were elevated in DHLFs compared to NHLFs. In liver or lung tissue from murine models of fibrotic diseases, A2AAR and A2BAR were downregulated, but A1AR and A3AR were not. Epac amounts decreased, and amounts of collagen, α-SMA, KCa2.3, and KCa3.1 increased compared to the control. Modafinil restored the amounts of A2AAR, A2BAR, and Epac, and reduced collagen, α-SMA, KCa2.3, and KCa3.1 in murine models of fibrotic diseases. Transforming growth factor-β reduced the amounts of A2AAR, A2BAR, and Epac, and elevated collagen, α-SMA, KCa2.3, and KCa3.1 in NHLFs; however, these alterations were inhibited by modafinil. Our investigation revealed that A2AAR and A2BAR downregulation induced liver and lung fibrotic diseases while upregulation attenuated fibrotic responses, suggesting that A2AAR and A2BAR-upregulating agents, such as modafinil, may serve as novel therapies for fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25 Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07084, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Aee Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25 Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07084, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Jo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25 Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07084, Republic of Korea
| | - Huisu Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25 Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07084, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Chang Kim
- Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25 Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07084, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shinkyu Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25 Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07084, Republic of Korea.
| | - Suk Hyo Suh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25 Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07084, Republic of Korea.
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Xiao T, Gao D, Gu X, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, He Y, Wei L, Li H, Zhou H, Yang C. Flavokawain A ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β signaling pathway and CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 958:175981. [PMID: 37579968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive fibrotic lung disease characterized by myofibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition that has a high mortality rate and limited therapeutic options. Flavokawain A(FKA) is the major component of chalcone in kava extract. FKA has been reported to inhibit TGF-β1-induced cardiomyocyte fibrosis by suppressing ROS production in A7r5 cells, but the role and mechanism of FKA in pulmonary fibrosis are unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effect of FKA on pulmonary fibrosis using an animal model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and showed that FKA alleviated the development of pulmonary fibrosis in a dose-dependent manner and improved lung function as well as collagen deposition and extracellular matrix accumulation in mice. In vitro studies showed that FKA inhibited myofibroblast activation and lung fibrosis progression by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad signaling in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, we identified CXCL12 as a potential target of FKA through target prediction. Molecular docking, CETSA(cellular thermal displacement assay) and silver staining assays further demonstrated that FKA could interact with CXCL12 and that FKA could inhibit CXCL12 dimerization in vitro. Further analysis revealed that FKA could inhibit fibroblast activation and reduce extracellular matrix (ECM) production and collagen deposition by blocking CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling, and knocking down CXCR4 expression could weaken the inhibitory effect of FKA on CXCL12/CXCR4 signal transduction. In conclusion, our study showed that FKA inhibited CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling by inhibiting CXCL12 dimerization, blocked the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling pathway and inhibited the TGF-β1-mediated signaling pathway to ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis, and FKA is a promising therapeutic agent for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China.
| | - Dandi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Xiaoting Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China.
| | - Yanping Zhang
- The Second Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
| | - Yuxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China
| | - Yiming He
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Luqing Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, No. 7 Beiyi Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300400, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, No. 7 Beiyi Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300400, China.
| | - Honggang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China.
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China.
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Kim Y, Kim Y, Lim HJ, Kim DK, Park JH, Oh CM. Integrative single-cell transcriptome analysis provides new insights into post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis and potential therapeutic targets. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29201. [PMID: 37966390 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
The global COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus has resulted in a significant number of patients experiencing persistent symptoms, including post-COVID pulmonary fibrosis (PCPF). This study aimed to identify novel therapeutic targets for PCPF using single-cell RNA-sequencing data from lung tissues of COVID-19 patients, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients, and a rat transforming growth factor beta-1-induced fibrosis model treated with antifibrotic drugs. Patients with COVID-19 had lower alveolar macrophage counts than healthy controls, whereas patients with COVID-19 and IPF presented with elevated monocyte-derived macrophage counts. A comparative transcriptome analysis showed that macrophages play a crucial role in IPF and COVID-19 development and progression, and fibrosis- and inflammation-associated genes were upregulated in both conditions. Functional enrichment analysis revealed the upregulation of inflammation and proteolysis and the downregulation of ribosome biogenesis. Cholesterol efflux and glycolysis were augmented in both macrophage types. The study suggests that antifibrotic drugs may reverse critical lung fibrosis mediators in COVID-19. The results help clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying pulmonary fibrosis in patients with severe COVID-19 and IPF and highlight the potential efficacy of antifibrotic drugs in COVID-19 therapy. Collectively, all these findings may have significant implications for the development of new treatment strategies for PCPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongmin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyobin Julianne Lim
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Dae-Kyum Kim
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Ji-Hwan Park
- Korea Bioinformation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Myung Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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30
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Ediga HH, Hester P, Yepuri A, Reddy GB, Madala SK. Nε-Carboxymethyl-Lysine Modification of Extracellular Matrix Proteins Augments Fibroblast Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15811. [PMID: 37958795 PMCID: PMC10650592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic complex protein network that provides structural integrity and plays an active role in shaping fibroblast behavior both in health and disease. Despite its essential functions, the impact of age-associated post-translational modifications on ECM-driven fibroblast activities such as proliferation, survival, fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation (FMT), and extracellular matrix production remains largely unknown. Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) is one of the well-characterized advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) that can occur on lysine residues within ECM proteins through non-enzymatic glycation. In this study, we determined the accumulation and the effects of the CML-modified ECM (CML-ECM) on fibroblast activation. Immunostainings and immunoblot analysis demonstrated significant increases in CML-AGE content in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) compared to age-matched healthy lungs. Gene expression analysis and fibroblast activation assays collectively implicate the ECM as a negative regulator of fibroblast activation. Notably, the CML modification of the ECM resulted in a significant decrease in its anti-fibrotic effects including proliferation, FMT, apoptosis, and ECM production. Together, the results of this study revealed an unexplored pathological role played by the CML-ECM on fibroblast activation, which has wide implications in IPF and other fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhana H. Ediga
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0564, USA (P.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India;
| | - Patrick Hester
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0564, USA (P.H.)
| | - Adithi Yepuri
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0564, USA (P.H.)
| | | | - Satish K. Madala
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0564, USA (P.H.)
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31
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Tomos I, Roussis I, Matthaiou AM, Dimakou K. Molecular and Genetic Biomarkers in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Where Are We Now? Biomedicines 2023; 11:2796. [PMID: 37893169 PMCID: PMC10604739 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) represents a chronic progressive fibrotic interstitial lung disease of unknown cause with an ominous prognosis. It remains an unprecedent clinical challenge due to its delayed diagnosis and unpredictable clinical course. The need for accurate diagnostic, prognostic and predisposition biomarkers in everyday clinical practice becomes more necessary than ever to ensure prompt diagnoses and early treatment. The identification of such blood biomarkers may also unravel novel drug targets against IPF development and progression. So far, the role of diverse blood biomarkers, implicated in various pathogenetic pathways, such as in fibrogenesis (S100A4), extracellular matrix remodelling (YKL-40, MMP-7, ICAM-1, LOXL2, periostin), chemotaxis (CCL-18, IL-8), epithelial cell injury (KL-6, SP-A, SP-D), autophagy and unfolded protein response has been investigated in IPF with various results. Moreover, the recent progress in genetics in IPF allows for a better understanding of the underlying disease mechanisms. So far, the causative mutations in pulmonary fibrosis include mutations in telomere-related genes and in surfactant-related genes, markers that could act as predisposition biomarkers in IPF. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview from the bench to bedside of current knowledge and recent insights on biomarkers in IPF, and to suggest future directions for research. Large-scale studies are still needed to confirm the exact role of these biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Tomos
- 5th Department of Respiratory Medicine, ‘SOTIRIA’ Chest Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.R.); (A.M.M.); (K.D.)
| | - Ioannis Roussis
- 5th Department of Respiratory Medicine, ‘SOTIRIA’ Chest Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.R.); (A.M.M.); (K.D.)
| | - Andreas M. Matthaiou
- 5th Department of Respiratory Medicine, ‘SOTIRIA’ Chest Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.R.); (A.M.M.); (K.D.)
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Medical School, University of Crete, 714 09 Heraklion, Greece
- Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2029, Cyprus
| | - Katerina Dimakou
- 5th Department of Respiratory Medicine, ‘SOTIRIA’ Chest Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.R.); (A.M.M.); (K.D.)
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Hanyu F, Zheng H, Jiaqi W, Tairan D, Yiyuanzi Z, Qiwen Y, Ying L, Hongchun Z, Lu L. Protective effects and mechanism of curcumin in animal models of pulmonary fibrosis: a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1258885. [PMID: 37900163 PMCID: PMC10613035 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1258885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: At present, there is a lack of effective treatment for pulmonary fibrosis (PF), and a number of studies have confirmed that curcumin (CUR) has a good effect on PF. Research Qusetion: Is CUR effective in preclinical trials for PF and what is its mechanism of action? Methods: Animal reports of PF treated with CUR were searched from Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library from 1 January 2000 to 19 April 2023 to compare CUR treatment of PF with a no-intervention model group. A previous registration (nsply registration number: INPLASY202360084) of this review protocol was undertaken. Results: The meta-analysis included 27 publications and 29 studies involving 396 animals. CUR significantly improved the degree of fibrosis, levels of inflammation, and oxidative imbalances in lung tissue in animal models of PF. In terms fibrosis, such as HYP content (SMD = -4.96; 95% CI = -6.05 to -3.87; p = 0.000).In terms of inflammatory indicators, such as MPO activity (SMD = -2.12; 95% CI = -4.93 to 0.69; p = 0.000). In terms of oxidation index, such as MDA (SMD = -5.63; 95% CI = -9.66 to -1.6; p = 0.000). Conclusion: CUR significantly improved the degree of fibrosis, levels of inflammation, and oxidative imbalances in lung tissue in animal models of PF. Due to the quantitative and qualitative limitations of current research, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hanyu
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Jiaqi
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Tairan
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Yiyuanzi
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Qiwen
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Ying
- The Second Health and Medical Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Hongchun
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Jining Hospital of Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Jining, Shandong, China
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Zhang Z, Guan Q, Tian Y, Shao X, Zhao P, Huang L, Li J. Integrated bioinformatics analysis for the identification of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis-related genes and potential therapeutic drugs. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:373. [PMID: 37794454 PMCID: PMC10552267 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02678-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains unclear. We sought to identify IPF-related genes that may participate in the pathogenesis and predict potential targeted traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). METHODS Using IPF gene-expression data, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, hub genes, and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks were constructed or identified by Cytoscape. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) experiments in TGF-β1-induced human fetal lung (HFL) fibroblast cells and a pulmonary fibrosis mouse model verified gene reliability. The SymMap database predicted potential TCMs targeting IPF. The reliability of TCMs was verified in TGF-β1-induced MRC-5 cells. MATERIALS Multiple gene-expression profile data of normal lung and IPF tissues were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. HFL fibroblast cells and MRC-5 cells were purchased from Wuhan Procell Life Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China). C57BL/12 mice were purchased from Beijing Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). RESULTS In datasets GSE134692 and GSE15197, DEGs were identified using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests (both p < 0.05). Among them, 1885 DEGs were commonly identified, and 87% (1640 genes) had identical dysregulation directions (binomial test, p < 1.00E-16). A PPI network with 1623 nodes and 8159 edges was constructed, and 18 hub genes were identified using the Analyze Network plugin in Cytoscape. Of 18 genes, CAV1, PECAM1, BMP4, VEGFA, FYN, SPP1, and COL1A1 were further validated in the GeneCards database and independent dataset GSE24206. ceRNA networks of VEGFA, SPP1, and COL1A1 were constructed. The genes were verified by qPCR in samples of TGF-β1-induced HFL fibroblast cells and pulmonary fibrosis mice. Finally, Sea Buckthorn and Gnaphalium Affine were predicted as potential TCMs for IPF. The TCMs were verified by qPCR in TGF-β1-induced MRC-5 cells. CONCLUSION This analysis strategy may be useful for elucidating novel mechanisms underlying IPF at the transcriptome level. The identified hub genes may play key roles in IPF pathogenesis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed By Henan Province and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Qingzhou Guan
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed By Henan Province and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Yange Tian
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed By Henan Province and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xuejie Shao
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed By Henan Province and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed By Henan Province and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Lidong Huang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed By Henan Province and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed By Henan Province and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
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Chong DLW, Mikolasch TA, Sahota J, Rebeyrol C, Garthwaite HS, Booth HL, Heightman M, Denneny EK, José RJ, Khawaja AA, Duckworth A, Labelle M, Scotton CJ, Porter JC. Investigating the role of platelets and platelet-derived transforming growth factor-β in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L487-L499. [PMID: 37643008 PMCID: PMC10639018 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00227.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) is the key profibrotic cytokine in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but the primary source of this cytokine in this disease is unknown. Platelets have abundant stores of TGFβ1, although the role of these cells in IPF is ill-defined. In this study, we investigated whether platelets, and specifically platelet-derived TGFβ1, mediate IPF disease progression. Patients with IPF and non-IPF patients were recruited to determine platelet reactivity, and separate cohorts of patients with IPF were followed for mortality. To study whether platelet-derived TGFβ1 modulates pulmonary fibrosis (PF), mice with a targeted deletion of TGFβ1 in megakaryocytes and platelets (TGFβ1fl/fl.PF4-Cre) were used in the well-characterized bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) animal model. In a discovery cohort, we found significantly higher mortality in patients with IPF who had elevated platelet counts within the normal range. However, our validation cohort did not confirm this observation, despite significantly increased platelets, neutrophils, active TGFβ1, and CCL5, a chemokine produced by inflammatory cells, in the blood, lung, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of patients with IPF. In vivo, we showed that despite platelets being readily detected within the lungs of bleomycin-treated mice, neither the degree of pulmonary inflammation nor fibrosis was significantly different between TGFβ1fl/fl.PF4-Cre and control mice. Our results demonstrate for the first time that platelet-derived TGFβ1 does not significantly mediate inflammation or fibrosis in a PF animal model. Furthermore, our human studies revealed blood platelet counts do not consistently predict mortality in IPF but other platelet-derived mediators, such as C-C chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), may promote neutrophil recruitment and human IPF.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Platelets are a rich source of profibrotic TGFβ; however, the role of platelets in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is unclear. We identified that patients with IPF have significantly more platelets, neutrophils, and active TGFβ in their airways than control patients. Using an animal model of IPF, we demonstrated that platelet-derived TGFβ does not significantly drive lung fibrosis or inflammation. Our findings offer a better understanding of platelets in both human and animal studies of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah L W Chong
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Theresia A Mikolasch
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jagdeep Sahota
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carine Rebeyrol
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen S Garthwaite
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen L Booth
- Interstitial Lung Disease Service, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa Heightman
- Interstitial Lung Disease Service, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma K Denneny
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo J José
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Akif A Khawaja
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Duckworth
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Myriam Labelle
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
| | - Chris J Scotton
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna C Porter
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Ji J, Zheng S, Liu Y, Xie T, Zhu X, Nie Y, Shen Y, Han X. Increased expression of OPN contributes to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and indicates a poor prognosis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:640. [PMID: 37726818 PMCID: PMC10510122 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04279-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is fibrotic lung disease with no effective treatment. It is characterized by destruction of alveolar structure and pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, leading to dyspnea and even asphyxia death of patients. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is considered to be a driving factor in the pathogenesis of IPF. Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted protein widely present in the extracellular matrix and involved in the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases. METHODS The original datasets were obtained from NCBI GEO databases analyzed with the online tool GEO2R and EasyGEO. Bleomycin induced mouse pulmonary fibrosis model and OPN/OPN-biotin treated mouse model were established to investigate the role of OPN in mouse pulmonary fibrosis and the target cells of OPN. A549 cells and HBE cells were used to explore the mechanism of OPN-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in epithelial cells and mass spectrometry was used to detect OPN downstream receptors. Precision-cut lung slices and lentivirus-treated mice with pulmonary fibrosis were used to examine the therapeutic effect of OPN and its downstream pathways on pulmonary fibrosis. RESULTS We demonstrate that the content of OPN in IPF bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is high compared to the normal groups, and its expression level is correlated with prognosis. At the animal level, OPN was highly expressed at all stages of pulmonary fibrosis in mice, and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) could accurately reflect its expression in the lung. Next, we reveal that OPN was mainly expressed by macrophages and the main target cells of OPN were epithelial cells. Mice developed pulmonary fibrosis accompanied after treating the mice with OPN. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that OPN could induce EMT of alveolar epithelial cells. Mechanistically, OPN binding triggered phosphorylation of FAK by CD44, thus activating snail1-mediated profibrotic protein synthesis. Inhibition of FAK phosphorylation and its downstream pathways can effectively alleviate pulmonary fibrosis in precision sections of lung tissue (PCLS) assay. OPN knockdown in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis mice led to significantly less fibrosis. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that OPN mediates lung fibrosis through EMT, implicating its potential therapeutic target and prognostic indicator role for IPF. OPN may be a target for the diagnosis and treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ji
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Medical College of Nanjing University, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Shudan Zheng
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Medical College of Nanjing University, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Medical College of Nanjing University, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Medical College of Nanjing University, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yang Nie
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Medical College of Nanjing University, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Medical College of Nanjing University, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210093, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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Yang X, Yu P, Xu W, Sun H, Duan J, Han Y, Zhu L, Xie B, Geng J, Luo S, Wang S, Ren Y, Zhang R, Liu M, Dai H, Wang C. Elastic Registration Algorithm Based on Three-dimensional Pulmonary MRI in Quantitative Assessment of Severity of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Thorac Imaging 2023; 38:00005382-990000000-00090. [PMID: 37732685 PMCID: PMC10597429 DOI: 10.1097/rti.0000000000000735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantitatively analyze lung elasticity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) using elastic registration based on 3-dimensional pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging (3D-PMRI) and to assess its' correlations with the severity of IPF patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty male patients with IPF (mean age: 62±6 y) and 30 age-matched male healthy controls (mean age: 62±6 y) were prospectively enrolled. 3D-PMRI was acquired with a 3-dimensional ultrashort echo time sequence in end-inspiration and end-expiration. MR images were registered from end-inspiration to end-expiration with the elastic registration algorithm. Jacobian determinants were calculated from deformation fields on color maps. The log means of the Jacobian determinants (Jac-mean) and Dice similarity coefficient were used to describe lung elasticity between 2 groups. Then, the correlation of lung elasticity with dyspnea Medical Research Council (MRC) score, exercise tolerance, health-related quality of life, lung function, and the extent of pulmonary fibrosis on chest computed tomography were analyzed. RESULTS The Jac-mean of IPF patients (-0.19, [IQR: -0.22, -0.15]) decreased (absolute value), compared with healthy controls (-0.28, [IQR: -0.31, -0.24], P<0.001). The lung elasticity in IPF patients with dyspnea MRC≥3 (Jac-mean: -0.15; Dice: 0.06) was significantly lower than MRC 1 (Jac-mean: -0.22, P=0.001; Dice: 0.10, P=0.001) and MRC 2 (Jac-mean: -0.21, P=0.007; Dice: 0.09, P<0.001). In addition, the Jac-mean negatively correlated with forced vital capacity % (r=-0.487, P<0.001), forced expiratory volume 1% (r=-0.413, P=0.004), TLC% (r=-0.488, P<0.001), diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide % predicted (r=-0.555, P<0.001), 6-minute walk distance (r=-0.441, P=0.030) and positively correlated with respiratory symptoms (r=0.430, P=0.042). Meanwhile, the Dice similarity coefficient positively correlated with forced vital capacity % (r=0.577, P=0.004), forced expiratory volume 1% (r=0.526, P=0.012), diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide % predicted (r=0.435, P=0.048), 6-minute walk distance (r=0.473, P=0.016), final peripheral oxygen saturation (r=0.534, P=0.004), the extent of fibrosis on chest computed tomography (r=-0.421, P=0.021) and negatively correlated with activity (r=-0.431, P=0.048). CONCLUSION Lung elasticity decreased in IPF patients and correlated with dyspnea, exercise tolerance, health-related quality of life, lung function, and the extent of pulmonary fibrosis. The lung elasticity based on elastic registration of 3D-PMRI may be a new nonradiation imaging biomarker for quantitative evaluation of the severity of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yang
- Capital Medical University
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Pengxin Yu
- Institute of Advanced Research, Infervision Medical Technology Co., Ltd
| | - Wenqing Xu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Haishuang Sun
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Jianghui Duan
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Yueyin Han
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Bingbing Xie
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Jing Geng
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Sa Luo
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Shiyao Wang
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Yanhong Ren
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Rongguo Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Research, Infervision Medical Technology Co., Ltd
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Huaping Dai
- Capital Medical University
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Chen Wang
- Capital Medical University
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Enomoto Y, Katsura H, Fujimura T, Ogata A, Baba S, Yamaoka A, Kihara M, Abe T, Nishimura O, Kadota M, Hazama D, Tanaka Y, Maniwa Y, Nagano T, Morimoto M. Autocrine TGF-β-positive feedback in profibrotic AT2-lineage cells plays a crucial role in non-inflammatory lung fibrogenesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4956. [PMID: 37653024 PMCID: PMC10471635 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40617-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular etiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has been extensively investigated to identify new therapeutic targets. Although anti-inflammatory treatments are not effective for patients with IPF, damaged alveolar epithelial cells play a critical role in lung fibrogenesis. Here, we establish an organoid-based lung fibrosis model using mouse and human lung tissues to assess the direct communication between damaged alveolar type II (AT2)-lineage cells and lung fibroblasts by excluding immune cells. Using this in vitro model and mouse genetics, we demonstrate that bleomycin causes DNA damage and activates p53 signaling in AT2-lineage cells, leading to AT2-to-AT1 transition-like state with a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Among SASP-related factors, TGF-β plays an exclusive role in promoting lung fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation. Moreover, the autocrine TGF-β-positive feedback loop in AT2-lineage cells is a critical cellular system in non-inflammatory lung fibrogenesis. These findings provide insights into the mechanism of IPF and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Enomoto
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Katsura
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujimura
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
- Department of Drug Modality Development, Osaka Research Center for Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 5-1-35 Saitoaokita, Minoh, 562-0029, Japan
| | - Akira Ogata
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Saori Baba
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Akira Yamaoka
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Miho Kihara
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering (LARGE), RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takaya Abe
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering (LARGE), RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Osamu Nishimura
- Laboratory for Phyloinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Kadota
- Laboratory for Phyloinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hazama
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yugo Tanaka
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Maniwa
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nagano
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Morimoto
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
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Cucinotta L, Mannino D, Casili G, Repici A, Crupi L, Paterniti I, Esposito E, Campolo M. Prolyl oligopeptidase inhibition ameliorates experimental pulmonary fibrosis both in vivo and in vitro. Respir Res 2023; 24:211. [PMID: 37626373 PMCID: PMC10463606 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive disease characterized by lung remodeling due to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. Although the etiology remains unknown, aberrant angiogenesis and inflammation play an important role in the development of this pathology. In this context, recent scientific research has identified new molecules involved in angiogenesis and inflammation, such as the prolyl oligopeptidase (PREP), a proteolytic enzyme belonging to the serine protease family, linked to the pathology of many lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a selective inhibitor of PREP, known as KYP-2047, in an in vitro and in an in vivo model of pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS The in vitro model was performed using human alveolar A549 cells. Cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 10 μg/ml and then, cells were treated with KYP-2047 at the concentrations of 1 μM, 10 μM and 50 μM. Cell viability was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) bromide colorimetric assay, while inflammatory protein expression was assessed by western blots analysis. The in vivo model was induced in mice by intra-tracheal administration of bleomycin (1 mg/kg) and then treated intraperitoneally with KYP-2047 at doses of 1, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg once daily for 12 days and then mice were sacrificed, and lung tissues were collected for analyses. RESULTS The in vitro results demonstrated that KYP-2047 preserved cell viability, reduced inflammatory process by decreasing IL-18 and TNF-α, and modulated lipid peroxidation as well as nitrosative stress. The in vivo pulmonary fibrosis has demonstrated that KYP-2047 was able to restore histological alterations reducing lung injury. Our data demonstrated that KYP-2047 significantly reduced angiogenesis process and the fibrotic damage modulating the expression of fibrotic markers. Furthermore, KYP-2047 treatment modulated the IκBα/NF-κB pathway and reduced the expression of related pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines. Moreover, KYP-2047 was able to modulate the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, highly involved in pulmonary fibrosis. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study demonstrated the involvement of PREP in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and that its inhibition by KYP-2047 has a protective role in lung injury induced by BLM, suggesting PREP as a potential target therapy for pulmonary fibrosis. These results speculate the potential protective mechanism of KYP-2047 through the modulation of JAK2/STAT3 and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cucinotta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Deborah Mannino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Casili
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Alberto Repici
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Lelio Crupi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Michela Campolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
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Mercader-Barceló J, Martín-Medina A, Truyols-Vives J, Escarrer-Garau G, Elowsson L, Montes-Worboys A, Río-Bocos C, Muncunill-Farreny J, Velasco-Roca J, Cederberg A, Kadefors M, Molina-Molina M, Westergren-Thorsson G, Sala-Llinàs E. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Lung Resident Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Patients. Cells 2023; 12:2084. [PMID: 37626894 PMCID: PMC10453747 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by an aberrant repair response with uncontrolled turnover of extracellular matrix involving mesenchymal cell phenotypes, where lung resident mesenchymal stem cells (LRMSC) have been supposed to have an important role. However, the contribution of LRMSC in lung fibrosis is not fully understood, and the role of LRMSC in IPF remains to be elucidated. Here, we performed transcriptomic and functional analyses on LRMSC isolated from IPF and control patients (CON). Both over-representation and gene set enrichment analyses indicated that oxidative phosphorylation is the major dysregulated pathway in IPF LRMSC. The most relevant differences in biological processes included complement activation, mesenchyme development, and aerobic electron transport chain. Compared to CON LRMSC, IPF cells displayed impaired mitochondrial respiration, lower expression of genes involved in mitochondrial dynamics, and dysmorphic mitochondria. These changes were linked to an impaired autophagic response and a lower mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic genes. In addition, IPF TGFβ-exposed LRMSC presented different expression profiles of mitochondrial-related genes compared to CON TGFβ-treated cells, suggesting that TGFβ reinforces mitochondrial dysfunction. In conclusion, these results suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction is a major event in LRMSC and that their occurrence might limit LRMSC function, thereby contributing to IPF development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Mercader-Barceló
- iRESPIRE Research Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- MolONE Research Group, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Aina Martín-Medina
- iRESPIRE Research Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Joan Truyols-Vives
- MolONE Research Group, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | | | - Linda Elowsson
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 08908 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ana Montes-Worboys
- ILD Unit, Respiratory Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Río-Bocos
- iRESPIRE Research Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | | | - Julio Velasco-Roca
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Anna Cederberg
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 08908 Lund, Sweden
| | - Måns Kadefors
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 08908 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Molina-Molina
- ILD Unit, Respiratory Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre of Biomedical Research Network in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ernest Sala-Llinàs
- iRESPIRE Research Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Centre of Biomedical Research Network in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Respiratory Department, Son Espases University Hospital, 07120 Palma, Spain
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40
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Guo H, Sun J, Zhang S, Nie Y, Zhou S, Zeng Y. Progress in understanding and treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: recent insights and emerging therapies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1205948. [PMID: 37608885 PMCID: PMC10440605 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1205948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a long-lasting, continuously advancing, and irrevocable interstitial lung disorder with an obscure origin and inadequately comprehended pathological mechanisms. Despite the intricate and uncharted causes and pathways of IPF, the scholarly consensus upholds that the transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts-instigated by injury to the alveolar epithelial cells-and the disproportionate accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, such as collagen, are integral to IPF's progression. The introduction of two novel anti-fibrotic medications, pirfenidone and nintedanib, have exhibited efficacy in decelerating the ongoing degradation of lung function, lessening hospitalization risk, and postponing exacerbations among IPF patients. Nonetheless, these pharmacological interventions do not present a definitive solution to IPF, positioning lung transplantation as the solitary potential curative measure in contemporary medical practice. A host of innovative therapeutic strategies are presently under rigorous scrutiny. This comprehensive review encapsulates the recent advancements in IPF research, spanning from diagnosis and etiology to pathological mechanisms, and introduces a discussion on nascent therapeutic methodologies currently in the pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yulan Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Richeldi L, Azuma A, Cottin V, Kreuter M, Maher TM, Martinez FJ, Oldham JM, Valenzuela C, Gordat M, Liu Y, Stowasser S, Zoz DF, Wijsenbeek MS. Design of a phase III, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of BI 1015550 in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (FIBRONEER-IPF). BMJ Open Respir Res 2023; 10:e001563. [PMID: 37597969 PMCID: PMC10441083 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThere is an unmet need for new treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The oral preferential phosphodiesterase 4B inhibitor, BI 1015550, prevented a decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) in a phase II study in patients with IPF. This study design describes the subsequent pivotal phase III study of BI 1015550 in patients with IPF (FIBRONEER-IPF). METHODS AND ANALYSIS In this placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase III trial, patients are being randomised in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive 9 mg or 18 mg of BI 1015550 or placebo two times per day over at least 52 weeks, stratified by use of background antifibrotics (nintedanib/pirfenidone vs neither). The primary endpoint is the absolute change in FVC at week 52. The key secondary endpoint is a composite of time to first acute IPF exacerbation, hospitalisation due to respiratory cause or death over the duration of the trial. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The trial is being carried out in compliance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, in accordance with the International Council on Harmonisation Guideline for Good Clinical Practice and other local ethics committees. The results of the study will be disseminated at scientific congresses and in peer-reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05321069.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Richeldi
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Arata Azuma
- Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Research Centre, Meisei Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Vincent Cottin
- Hôpital Louis Pradel, Centre Coordonnateur National de référence des Maladies Pulmonaires Rares, Hospices Civils de Lyon, UMR754, INRAE, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Member of ERN-LUNG, Lyon, France
| | - Michael Kreuter
- Centre for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Department of Pneumology, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pneumology, RKH Clinic Ludwigsburg, Ludwigsburg, Germany
| | - Toby M Maher
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Section of Inflammation, Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Justin M Oldham
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Claudia Valenzuela
- ILD Unit, Pulmonology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maud Gordat
- Clinical Development & Operation Department, Boehringer Ingelheim, Reims, France
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Susanne Stowasser
- TA Inflammation Med, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Donald F Zoz
- Global Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Marlies S Wijsenbeek
- Centre for Interstitial Lung Diseases and Sarcoidosis, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Sudduth ER, Trautmann-Rodriguez M, Gill N, Bomb K, Fromen CA. Aerosol pulmonary immune engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 199:114831. [PMID: 37100206 PMCID: PMC10527166 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Aerosolization of immunotherapies poses incredible potential for manipulating the local mucosal-specific microenvironment, engaging specialized pulmonary cellular defenders, and accessing mucosal associated lymphoid tissue to redirect systemic adaptive and memory responses. In this review, we breakdown key inhalable immunoengineering strategies for chronic, genetic, and infection-based inflammatory pulmonary disorders, encompassing the historic use of immunomodulatory agents, the transition to biological inspired or derived treatments, and novel approaches of complexing these materials into drug delivery vehicles for enhanced release outcomes. Alongside a brief description of key immune targets, fundamentals of aerosol drug delivery, and preclinical pulmonary models for immune response, we survey recent advances of inhaled immunotherapy platforms, ranging from small molecules and biologics to particulates and cell therapies, as well as prophylactic vaccines. In each section, we address the formulation design constraints for aerosol delivery as well as advantages for each platform in driving desirable immune modifications. Finally, prospects of clinical translation and outlook for inhaled immune engineering are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma R Sudduth
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | | | - Nicole Gill
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Kartik Bomb
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Catherine A Fromen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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Fang L, Chen WC, Jaksch P, Molino A, Saglia A, Roth M, Lambers C. Treprostinil Reconstitutes Mitochondrial Organisation and Structure in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12148. [PMID: 37569523 PMCID: PMC10418929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) presents as an incurable change in the lung tissue and mitochondrial dysfunction of unknown origin. Treprostinil, a prostacyclin analogue, has been suggested for IPF therapy. This study assessed the effect of treprostinil on the cAMP signalling and mitochondrial activity in healthy lung fibroblasts and fibroblast-like cells from IPF patients. Six control fibroblast strains and six fibroblast-like IPF cell strains were isolated and expanded from freshly resected lung tissue. The cells were grown to confluence before being treated with either transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, treprostinil, their combination, or a vehicle for up to 2 days. Mitochondria-regulating proteins were analysed using Western blotting and immunofluorescence, and the mitochondria were analysed using cytochrome C, mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase II (MTCO2), and MTCO4. The IPF cells showed an increased rate of damaged mitochondria, which were significantly reduced when the cells were treated with treprostinil over 24 h. In the control cells, treprostinil prevented TGF-β-induced mitochondrial damage. Treatment with treprostinil modified the expression of several mitochondria-regulating proteins. In both cell types, treprostinil upregulated the expression of PTEN, p21(Waf1/Cip1), beclin1, LC3 II, parkin, PINK1, MTCO2, and MTCO4. In contrast, treprostinil downregulated the phosphorylation of mTOR and the expression of p62, mitofusin1, and mtiofusin2 in IPF cells. This might explain the reduced mitochondrial damage observed in treprostinil-treated IPF cells and suggest an improvement in the mitochondrial function in IPF. In this study, treprostinil improved mitochondrial impairment in vitro, which might, in part, explain the beneficial clinical effects documented in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fang
- Pulmonary Cell Research, Department Biomedicine & Clinic of Pneumology, University & University Hospital Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland; (L.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Wei-Chih Chen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11266, Taiwan
| | - Peter Jaksch
- Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 10-14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Antonio Molino
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Naples, Federico II, via S. Pansini 10, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Saglia
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, AO dei Colli, via L. Bianchi snc, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Michael Roth
- Pulmonary Cell Research, Department Biomedicine & Clinic of Pneumology, University & University Hospital Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland; (L.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Christopher Lambers
- Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 10-14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Pneumology, Ordensklinikum Linz/Elisabethinen, Fadingerstr. 1, 4020 Linz, Austria
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44
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Taghavizadeh Yazdi ME, Qayoomian M, Beigoli S, Boskabady MH. Recent advances in nanoparticle applications in respiratory disorders: a review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1059343. [PMID: 37538179 PMCID: PMC10395100 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1059343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Various nanoparticles are used in the discovery of new nanomedicine to overcome the shortages of conventional drugs. Therefore, this article presents a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the effects of nanoparticle-based drugs in the treatment of respiratory disorders, including both basic and clinical studies. Databases, including PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Scopus, were searched until the end of August 2022 regarding the effect of nanoparticles on respiratory diseases. As a new tool, nanomedicine offered promising applications for the treatment of pulmonary diseases. The basic composition and intrinsic characteristics of nanomaterials showed their effectiveness in treating pulmonary diseases. The efficiency of different nanomedicines has been demonstrated in experimental animal models of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis (PF), lung cancer, lung infection, and other lung disorders, confirming their function in the improvement of respiratory disorders. Various types of nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, polymeric nanomaterials, liposomes, quantum dots, and metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, have demonstrated therapeutic effects on respiratory disorders, which may lead to new possible remedies for various respiratory illnesses that could increase drug efficacy and decrease side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohsen Qayoomian
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sima Beigoli
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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45
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Waldrep KM, Rodgers JI, Garrett SM, Wolf BJ, Feghali-Bostwick CA. The Role of SOX9 in IGF-II-Mediated Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11234. [PMID: 37510994 PMCID: PMC10378869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc) results in significant morbidity and mortality. We previously reported that insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) is overexpressed in lung tissues and fibroblasts from SSc patients, and IGF-II fosters fibrosis by upregulating collagen type I, fibronectin, and TGFβ. We now show that IGF-II augments mRNA levels of profibrotic signaling molecules TGFβ2 (p ≤ 0.01) and TGFβ3 (p ≤ 0.05), collagen type III (p ≤ 0.01), and the collagen posttranslational modification enzymes P4HA2 (p ≤ 0.05), P3H2 (p ≤ 0.05), LOX (p = 0.065), LOXL2 (p ≤ 0.05), LOXL4 (p ≤ 0.05) in primary human lung fibroblasts. IGF-II increases protein levels of TGFβ2 (p ≤ 0.01), as well as COL3A1, P4HA2, P4Hβ, and LOXL4 (p ≤ 0.05). In contrast, IGF-II decreases mRNA levels of the collagen degradation enzymes cathepsin (CTS) K, CTSB, and CTSL and protein levels of CTSK (p ≤ 0.05). The SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) is overexpressed in SSc lung tissues at the mRNA (p ≤ 0.05) and protein (p ≤ 0.01) levels compared to healthy controls. IGF-II induces SOX9 in lung fibroblasts (p ≤ 0.05) via the IGF1R/IR hybrid receptor, and SOX9 regulates TGFβ2 (p ≤ 0.05), TGFβ3 (p ≤ 0.05), COL3A1 (p ≤ 0.01), and P4HA2 (p ≤ 0.001) downstream of IGF-II. Our results identify a novel IGF-II signaling axis and downstream targets that are regulated in a SOX9-dependent and -independent manner. Our findings provide novel insights on the role of IGF-II in promoting pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy M Waldrep
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Jessalyn I Rodgers
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Sara M Garrett
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Bethany J Wolf
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Carol A Feghali-Bostwick
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Yang Y, Chen Y, Liu Y, Ning Z, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Xu K, Zhang L. Mesenchymal stem cells and pulmonary fibrosis: a bibliometric and visualization analysis of literature published between 2002 and 2021. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1136761. [PMID: 37469875 PMCID: PMC10352497 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1136761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a severe disease that can lead to respiratory failure and even death. However, currently there is no effective treatment available for patients with PF. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been recently shown to have therapeutic potential for PF. We analyzed the literature focused of MSCs and PF to provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between MSCs and PF. Methods: We searched the Web of Science Core Collection database for literature from 2002 through 2021 that involved MSCs and PF. The included studies were then analyzed using CiteSpace and VOSviewers software. Results: A total of 1,457 studies were included for analysis. Our findings demonstrated the following: 1) an increasing trend of MSC and PF research; 2) among the 54 countries/regions of author affiliations, the United States was the most frequent, and the University of Michigan (n = 64, 2.8%) was the top institution; 3) Rojas Mauricio published the most articles and PLOS ONE had the most related studies; and 4) keywords, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, mesenchymal stem cells, and systemic sclerosis, were listed more than 100 times, indicating the research trend. Other common keywords, such as inflammation, myofibroblasts, fibroblasts, aging, telomerase or telomere, and extracellular matrix demonstrate research interests in the corresponding mechanisms.1) The number of publications focused on MSCs and PF research increased during the study period; 2) Among the 54 countries/regions of author affiliations, most articles were published in the United States of America, and the University of Michigan (n = 64, 2.8%) had the largest number of publications; 3) Rojas Mauricio published the most articles and PLOS ONE had the most related studies; 4) Keywords, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, MSCs, and systemic sclerosis, were listed more than 100 times, representing a research trend. Other common keywords included inflammation, myofibroblasts, fibroblasts, aging, telomerase or telomere, and extracellular matrix. Discussion: During the past 2 decades, MSCs have been proposed to play an important role in PF treatment. An increasing amount of literature focused on MSCs and PF research has been published. Our findings provide insight into the current status and research trends in the field of MSCs and PF research during the past 2 decades, which could help researchers understand necessary research directions. In the future, more preclinical and clinical studies should be conducted in this field to support the application of MSCs in the treatment of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Yang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Xinzhou People’s Hospital, Xinzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zongdi Ning
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhaoliang Zhang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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Wen Y, Wang Y, Zhao C, Zhao B, Wang J. The Pharmacological Efficacy of Baicalin in Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119317. [PMID: 37298268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Baicalin is one of the most abundant flavonoids found in the dried roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG) belonging to the genus Scutellaria. While baicalin is demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antitumor, antibacterial, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects, its low hydrophilicity and lipophilicity limit the bioavailability and pharmacological functions. Therefore, an in-depth study of baicalin's bioavailability and pharmacokinetics contributes to laying the theoretical foundation for applied research in disease treatment. In this view, the physicochemical properties and anti-inflammatory activity of baicalin are summarized in terms of bioavailability, drug interaction, and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Chenxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
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Chen A, Sun Z, Sun D, Huang M, Fang H, Zhang J, Qian G. Integrative bioinformatics and validation studies reveal KDM6B and its associated molecules as crucial modulators in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1183871. [PMID: 37275887 PMCID: PMC10235501 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1183871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) can be described as a debilitating lung disease that is characterized by the complex interactions between various immune cell types and signaling pathways. Chromatin-modifying enzymes are significantly involved in regulating gene expression during immune cell development, yet their role in IPF is not well understood. Methods In this study, differential gene expression analysis and chromatin-modifying enzyme-related gene data were conducted to identify hub genes, common pathways, immune cell infiltration, and potential drug targets for IPF. Additionally, a murine model was employed for investigating the expression levels of candidate hub genes and determining the infiltration of different immune cells in IPF. Results We identified 33 differentially expressed genes associated with chromatin-modifying enzymes. Enrichment analyses of these genes demonstrated a strong association with histone lysine demethylation, Sin3-type complexes, and protein demethylase activity. Protein-protein interaction network analysis further highlighted six hub genes, specifically KDM6B, KDM5A, SETD7, SUZ12, HDAC2, and CHD4. Notably, KDM6B expression was significantly increased in the lungs of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mice, showing a positive correlation with fibronectin and α-SMA, two essential indicators of pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, we established a diagnostic model for IPF focusing on KDM6B and we also identified 10 potential therapeutic drugs targeting KDM6B for IPF treatment. Conclusion Our findings suggest that molecules related to chromatin-modifying enzymes, primarily KDM6B, play a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anning Chen
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhun Sun
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donglin Sun
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiying Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyuan Zhang
- Department of Pain, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guojun Qian
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Mei Q, Yang Z, Xiang Z, Zuo H, Zhou Z, Dong X, Zhang L, Song W, Wang Y, Hu Q, Zhou Y, Qu J. Pharmacological inhibition of MDM4 alleviates pulmonary fibrosis. Theranostics 2023; 13:2787-2799. [PMID: 37284444 PMCID: PMC10240813 DOI: 10.7150/thno.81993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal lung disease of unknown etiology with no cure. A better understanding of the disease processes and identification of druggable targets will benefit the development of effective therapies for IPF. We previously reported that MDM4 promoted lung fibrosis through the MDM4-p53-dependent pathway. However, it remained unclear whether targeting this pathway would have any therapeutic potential. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of XI-011, a small molecular inhibitor of MDM4, for treating lung fibrosis. We found that XI-011 significantly reduced MDM4 expression and increased the expression of total and acetylated p53 in primary human myofibroblasts and a murine fibrotic model. XI-011 treatment resulted in the resolution of lung fibrosis in mice with no notable impact on normal fibroblast death or the morphology of healthy lungs. Based on these findings, we propose that XI-011 might be a promising therapeutic drug candidate for treating pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Mei
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhenhua Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhengkai Xiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - He Zuo
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zijing Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaochuan Dong
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ludan Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wenhui Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qinghua Hu
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jing Qu
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Yi X, Tang X, Li T, Chen L, He H, Wu X, Xiang C, Cao M, Wang Z, Wang Y, Wang Y, Huang X. Therapeutic potential of the sphingosine kinase 1 inhibitor, PF-543. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114401. [PMID: 37167721 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PF-543 is a sphingosine kinase 1(SPHK1)inhibitor developed by Pfizer and is currently considered the most potent selective SPHK1 inhibitor. SPHK1 catalyses the production of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) from sphingosine. It is the rate-limiting enzyme of S1P production, and there is substantial evidence to support a very important role for sphingosine kinase in health and disease. This review is the first to summarize the role and mechanisms of PF-543 as an SPHK1 inhibitor in anticancer, antifibrotic, and anti-inflammatory processes, providing new therapeutic leads and ideas for future research and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Yi
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Xuemei Tang
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianlong Li
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Chen
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Hongli He
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wu
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunlin Xiang
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Cao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zixiang Wang
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China.
| | - Yiping Wang
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China.
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China.
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