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Li J, Yang Z, Yuan W, Bao Z, Li MD. Heme Metabolism Mediates the Effects of Smoking on Gut Microbiome. Nicotine Tob Res 2024; 26:742-751. [PMID: 37875417 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of smokers worldwide increased greatly during the past decades and reached 1.14 billion in 2019, becoming a leading risk factor for human health. Tobacco smoking has wide effects on human genetics, epigenetics, transcriptome, and gut microbiome. Although many studies have revealed effects of smoking on host transcriptome, research on the relationship between smoking, host gene expression, and the gut microbiome is limited. AIMS AND METHODS We first explored transcriptome and metagenome profile differences between smokers and nonsmokers. To evaluate the relationship between host gene expression and gut microbiome, we then applied bidirectional mediation analysis to infer causal relationships between smoking, gene expression, and gut microbes. RESULTS Metagenome and transcriptome analyses revealed 71 differential species and 324 differential expressed genes between smokers and nonsmokers. With smoking as an exposure variable, we identified 272 significant causal relationships between gene expression and gut microbes, among which there were 247 genes that mediate the effect of smoking on gut microbes. Pathway-based enrichment analysis showed that these genes were significantly enriched in heme metabolic pathway, which mainly mediated the changes of Bacteroides finegoldii and Lachnospiraceae bacterium 9_1_43BFAA. Additionally, by performing metabolome data analysis in the Integrated Human Microbiome Project (iHMP) database, we verified the correlation between the intermediate products of the heme metabolism pathway (porphobilinogen, bilirubin, and biliverdin) and gut microbiome. CONCLUSIONS By investigating the bidirectional interaction between smoking-related host gene expression and gut microbes, this study provided evidence for the mediation of smoking on gut microbes through co-involvement or interaction of heme metabolism. IMPLICATIONS By comparing the metagenome and transcriptome sequencing profiles between 34 smokers and 33 age- and gender-matched nonsmokers, we are the first to reveal causal relationships among tobacco smoking, host gene expression, and gut microbes. These findings offer insight into how smoking affects gut microbes through host gene expression and metabolism, which highlights the importance of heme metabolism in modulating the effects of smoking on gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biomedical Big Data, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhongli Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenji Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Bao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming D Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Weiner CM, Khan SE, Leong C, Ranadive SM, Campbell SC, Howard JT, Heffernan KS. Association of enterolactone with blood pressure and hypertension risk in NHANES. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302254. [PMID: 38743749 PMCID: PMC11093351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome may affect overall cardiometabolic health. Enterolactone is an enterolignan reflective of dietary lignan intake and gut microbiota composition and diversity that can be measured in the urine. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between urinary enterolactone concentration as a reflection of gut health and blood pressure/risk of hypertension in a large representative sample from the US population. This analysis was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected from January 1999 through December 2010. Variables of interest included participant characteristics (including demographic, anthropometric and social/environmental factors), resting blood pressure and hypertension history, and urinary enterolactone concentration. 10,637 participants (45 years (SE = 0.3), 51.7% (SE = 0.6%) were female) were included in analyses. In multivariable models adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral/environmental covariates, each one-unit change in log-transformed increase in enterolactone was associated with a 0.738 point (95% CI: -0.946, -0.529; p<0.001) decrease in systolic blood pressure and a 0.407 point (95% CI: -0.575, -0.239; p<0.001) decrease in diastolic blood pressure. Moreover, in fully adjusted models, each one-unit change in log-transformed enterolactone was associated with 8.2% lower odds of hypertension (OR = 0.918; 95% CI: 0.892, 0.944; p<0.001). Urinary enterolactone, an indicator of gut microbiome health, is inversely associated with blood pressure and hypertension risk in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M. Weiner
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shannon E. Khan
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Caleb Leong
- Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sushant M. Ranadive
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sara C. Campbell
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey T. Howard
- Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kevin S. Heffernan
- Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America
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Laiman V, Chuang HC, Lo YC, Yuan TH, Chen YY, Heriyanto DS, Yuliani FS, Chung KF, Chang JH. Cigarette smoke-induced dysbiosis: comparative analysis of lung and intestinal microbiomes in COPD mice and patients. Respir Res 2024; 25:204. [PMID: 38730440 PMCID: PMC11088139 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of cigarette smoke (CS) on lung diseases and the role of microbiome dysbiosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been previously reported; however, the relationships remain unclear. METHODS Our research examined the effects of 20-week cigarette smoke (CS) exposure on the lung and intestinal microbiomes in C57BL/6JNarl mice, alongside a comparison with COPD patients' intestinal microbiome data from a public dataset. RESULTS The study found that CS exposure significantly decreased forced vital capacity (FVC), thickened airway walls, and induced emphysema. Increased lung damage was observed along with higher lung keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) levels by CS exposure. Lung microbiome analysis revealed a rise in Actinobacteriota, while intestinal microbiome showed significant diversity changes, indicating dysbiosis. Principal coordinate analysis highlighted distinct intestinal microbiome compositions between control and CS-exposed groups. In the intestinal microbiome, notable decreases in Patescibacteria, Campilobacterota, Defferibacterota, Actinobacteriota, and Desulfobacterota were observed. We also identified correlations between lung function and dysbiosis in both lung and intestinal microbiomes. Lung interleukins, interferon-ɣ, KC, and 8-isoprostane levels were linked to lung microbiome dysbiosis. Notably, dysbiosis patterns in CS-exposed mice were similar to those in COPD patients, particularly of Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage 4 patients. This suggests a systemic impact of CS exposure. CONCLUSION In summary, CS exposure induces significant dysbiosis in lung and intestinal microbiomes, correlating with lung function decline and injury. These results align with changes in COPD patients, underscoring the important role of microbiome in smoke-related lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Laiman
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada - Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Collaboration Research Center for Precision Oncology based Omics- PKR Promics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yu-Chun Lo
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuen Yuan
- Department of Health and Welfare, College of City Management, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - You-Yin Chen
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Industrial Ph.D. Program of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Didik Setyo Heriyanto
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada - Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Fara Silvia Yuliani
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jer-Hwa Chang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Departments of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chen B, Zeng G, Sun L, Jiang C. When smoke meets gut: deciphering the interactions between tobacco smoking and gut microbiota in disease development. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:854-864. [PMID: 38265598 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2446-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is a prevalent and detrimental habit practiced worldwide, increasing the risk of various diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease, liver disease, and cancer. Although previous research has explored the detrimental health effects of tobacco smoking, recent studies suggest that gut microbiota dysbiosis may play a critical role in these outcomes. Numerous tobacco smoke components, such as nicotine, are found in the gastrointestinal tract and interact with gut microbiota, leading to lasting impacts on host health and diseases. This review delves into the ways tobacco smoking and its various constituents influence gut microbiota composition and functionality. We also summarize recent advancements in understanding how tobacco smoking-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis affects host health. Furthermore, this review introduces a novel perspective on how changes in gut microbiota following smoking cessation may contribute to withdrawal syndrome and the degree of health improvements in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guangyi Zeng
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health and Fertility Promotion, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health and Fertility Promotion, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Lei X, Lu T. Single-cell sequencing reveals lung cell fate evolution initiated by smoking to explore gene predictions of correlative diseases. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:369-384. [PMID: 38064719 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2293117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Continuous smoking leads to adaptive regulation and physiological changes in lung tissue and cells, and is an inductive factor for many diseases, making smokers face the risk of malignant and nonmalignant diseases. The impact of research in this area is getting more and more in-depth, but the stimulant effect, mechanism of action and response mechanism of the main cells in the lungs caused by smoke components have not yet been fully elucidated, and the early diagnosis and identification of various diseases induced by smoke toxins have not yet formed a systematic relationship method. In this study, single-cell transcriptome data were generated from three lung samples of smokers and nonsmokers through scRNA-seq technology, revealing the influence of smoking on lung tissue and cells and the changes in immune response. The results show that: through UMAP cell clustering, 16 intermediate cell states of 23 cell clusters of the four main cell types in the lung are revealed, the differences of the main cell groups between smokers and nonsmokers are explained, and the human lung cells are clarified. Components and their marker genes, screen for new marker genes that can be used in the evolution of intermediate-state cells, and at the same time, the analysis of lung cell subgroups reveals the changes in the intermediate state of cells under smoke stimulation, forming a subtype intermediate state cell map. Pseudo-time ordering analysis, to determine the pattern of dynamic processes experienced by cells, differential expression analysis of different branch cells, to clarify the expression rules of cells at different positions, to clarify the evolution process of the intermediate state of cells, and to clarify the response of lung tissue and cells to smoke components mechanism. The development of this study provides new diagnosis and treatment ideas for early disease detection, identification, disease prevention and treatment of patients with smoking-related diseases, and lays a theoretical foundation based on cell and molecular regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Lei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Taiying Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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6
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Alagiakrishnan K, Morgadinho J, Halverson T. Approach to the diagnosis and management of dysbiosis. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1330903. [PMID: 38706561 PMCID: PMC11069313 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1330903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
All microorganisms like bacteria, viruses and fungi that reside within a host environment are considered a microbiome. The number of bacteria almost equal that of human cells, however, the genome of these bacteria may be almost 100 times larger than the human genome. Every aspect of the physiology and health can be influenced by the microbiome living in various parts of our body. Any imbalance in the microbiome composition or function is seen as dysbiosis. Different types of dysbiosis are seen and the corresponding symptoms depend on the site of microbial imbalance. The contribution of the intestinal and extra-intestinal microbiota to influence systemic activities is through interplay between different axes. Whole body dysbiosis is a complex process involving gut microbiome and non-gut related microbiome. It is still at the stage of infancy and has not yet been fully understood. Dysbiosis can be influenced by genetic factors, lifestyle habits, diet including ultra-processed foods and food additives, as well as medications. Dysbiosis has been associated with many systemic diseases and cannot be diagnosed through standard blood tests or investigations. Microbiota derived metabolites can be analyzed and can be useful in the management of dysbiosis. Whole body dysbiosis can be addressed by altering lifestyle factors, proper diet and microbial modulation. The effect of these interventions in humans depends on the beneficial microbiome alteration mostly based on animal studies with evolving evidence from human studies. There is tremendous potential for the human microbiome in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases, as well as, for the monitoring of health and disease in humans. Whole body system-based approach to the diagnosis of dysbiosis is better than a pure taxonomic approach. Whole body dysbiosis could be a new therapeutic target in the management of various health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joao Morgadinho
- Kaye Edmonton Clinic, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tyler Halverson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Kaur J, Upendra S, Barde S. "Inhaling hazards, exhaling insights: a systematic review unveiling the silent health impacts of secondhand smoke pollution on children and adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38576330 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2337837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The health risks of smoking are widely known, but the impact of secondhand smoke on children and adolescents is often underestimated. Despite efforts to reduce smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke remains a significant public health concern, especially for young individuals. This systematic review aims to explore the health impacts of secondhand smoking on children and adolescents. Following PRISMA guidelines, 18 eligible studies from 8 countries published between 2015 and 2023 were identified through PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases. Findings revealed that passive smoking is associated with respiratory issues like asthma and respiratory infections in children and adolescents aged 4 months to 18 years. Significant correlations were found between asthma severity and cotinine levels, a marker of passive smoking. Additionally, metabolic issues, cardiovascular effects, and ophthalmological changes, and alterations in neurocognitive functions, were noted. Urgent public health interventions are needed to reduce smoking prevalence and protect this vulnerable demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasneet Kaur
- Symbiosis College of Nursing, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Sheela Upendra
- Symbiosis College of Nursing, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Shital Barde
- Symbiosis College of Nursing, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
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Zhang PF, Xie D. Targeting the gut microbiota to enhance the antitumor efficacy and attenuate the toxicity of CAR-T cell therapy: a new hope? Front Immunol 2024; 15:1362133. [PMID: 38558812 PMCID: PMC10978602 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1362133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) -T cell therapy has achieved tremendous efficacy in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and represents a promising treatment regimen for cancer. Despite the striking response in patients with hematologic malignancies, most patients with solid tumors treated with CAR-T cells have a low response rate and experience major adverse effects, which indicates the need for biomarkers that can predict and improve clinical outcomes with future CAR-T cell treatments. Recently, the role of the gut microbiota in cancer therapy has been established, and growing evidence has suggested that gut microbiota signatures may be harnessed to personally predict therapeutic response or adverse effects in optimizing CAR-T cell therapy. In this review, we discuss current understanding of CAR-T cell therapy and the gut microbiota, and the interplay between the gut microbiota and CAR-T cell therapy. Above all, we highlight potential strategies and challenges in harnessing the gut microbiota as a predictor and modifier of CAR-T cell therapy efficacy while attenuating toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Zhang
- Gastric Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Xie
- Department of Medical Genetics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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9
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Bhardwaj G, Riadi Y, Afzal M, Bansal P, Kaur H, Deorari M, Tonk RK, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Kukreti N, Thangavelu L, Saleem S. The hidden threat: Environmental toxins and their effects on gut microbiota. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 255:155173. [PMID: 38364649 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The human gut microbiota (GM), which consists of a complex and diverse ecosystem of bacteria, plays a vital role in overall wellness. However, the delicate balance of this intricate system is being compromised by the widespread presence of environmental toxins. The intricate connection between contaminants in the environment and human well-being has garnered significant attention in recent times. Although many environmental pollutants and their toxicity have been identified and studied in laboratory settings and animal models, there is insufficient data concerning their relevance to human physiology. Consequently, research on the toxicity of environmental toxins in GM has gained prominence in recent years. Various factors, such as air pollution, chemicals, heavy metals, and pesticides, have a detrimental impact on the composition and functioning of the GM. This comprehensive review aims to comprehend the toxic effects of numerous environmental pollutants, including antibiotics, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, heavy metals, and pesticides, on GM by examining recent research findings. The current analysis concludes that different types of environmental toxins can lead to GM dysbiosis and have various potential adverse effects on the well-being of animals. We investigate the alterations to the GM composition induced by contaminants and their impact on overall well-being, providing a fresh perspective on research related to pollutant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushp Vihar sector-3, M-B Road, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Yassine Riadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pooja Bansal
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560069, India; Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh 247341, India; Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand 831001, India
| | - Mahamedha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar Tonk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushp Vihar sector-3, M-B Road, New Delhi 110017, India.
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341 Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shakir Saleem
- Department of Public Health. College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Sharma P, Brown S, Sokoya EM. Re-evaluation of dietary interventions in rheumatoid arthritis: can we improve patient conversations around food choices? Rheumatol Int 2024:10.1007/s00296-024-05541-4. [PMID: 38376558 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-024-05541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of over 100 different types of autoimmune conditions. In RA, the cells of the immune system attack the tissue lining the joints, triggering inflammation. A large body of research suggests that the underlying trigger(s) of RA are unique to an individual. For example, increased risk of RA can be driven by smoking tobacco in one individual and mercury exposure in another. Due to the development of next-generation sequencing technology, the critical role of the microbiota in shaping RA risk has been elucidated. Therefore, it is surprising that diet, arguably the most important lever in shaping the gut microbiota, is ineffective in the treatment of RA, even in a sub-set of patients. To attempt to rationalise this apparent paradox, we conducted an umbrella review to address the question as to whether diet can affect outcomes in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakriti Sharma
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Shannon Brown
- Flinders University Library, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Elke M Sokoya
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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Lluansí A, Llirós M, Carreras-Torres R, Bahí A, Capdevila M, Feliu A, Vilà-Quintana L, Elias-Masiques N, Cueva E, Peries L, Torrealba L, Miquel-Cusachs JO, Sàbat M, Busquets D, López C, Delgado-Aros S, Garcia-Gil LJ, Elias I, Aldeguer X. Impact of bread diet on intestinal dysbiosis and irritable bowel syndrome symptoms in quiescent ulcerative colitis: A pilot study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297836. [PMID: 38363772 PMCID: PMC10871487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota may be involved in the presence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptomatology in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients in remission. Bread is an important source of dietary fiber, and a potential prebiotic. To assess the effect of a bread baked using traditional elaboration, in comparison with using modern elaboration procedures, in changing the gut microbiota and relieving IBS-like symptoms in patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis. Thirty-one UC patients in remission with IBS-like symptoms were randomly assigned to a dietary intervention with 200 g/d of either treatment or control bread for 8 weeks. Clinical symptomatology was tested using questionnaires and inflammatory parameters. Changes in fecal microbiota composition were assessed by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. A decrease in IBS-like symptomatology was observed after both the treatment and control bread interventions as reductions in IBS-Symptom Severity Score values (p-value < 0.001) and presence of abdominal pain (p-value < 0.001). The treatment bread suggestively reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (p-value = 0.058). In addition, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio seemed to be associated with improving IBS-like symptoms as suggested by a slight decrease in patient without abdominal pain (p-value = 0.059). No statistically significant differential abundances were found at any taxonomic level. The intake of a bread baked using traditional elaboration decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, which seemed to be associated with improving IBS-like symptoms in quiescent ulcerative colitis patients. These findings suggest that the traditional bread elaboration has a potential prebiotic effect improving gut health (ClinicalTrials.gov ID number of study: NCT05656391).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleix Lluansí
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Marc Llirós
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Robert Carreras-Torres
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Anna Bahí
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Capdevila
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Anna Feliu
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Laura Vilà-Quintana
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | | | | | - Laia Peries
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Leyanira Torrealba
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Josep Oriol Miquel-Cusachs
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Míriam Sàbat
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital de Santa Caterina, Girona, Spain
| | - David Busquets
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Carmen López
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Delgado-Aros
- Gastroenterology Scientific advisor to Elias-Boulanger S.L., Vilassar de Mar, Spain
| | - Librado Jesús Garcia-Gil
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- Department of Biology, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Isidre Elias
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Xavier Aldeguer
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
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12
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Sato S, Chinda D, Iino C, Sawada K, Mikami T, Nakaji S, Sakuraba H, Fukuda S. A Cohort Study of the Influence of the 12-Component Modified Japanese Diet Index on Oral and Gut Microbiota in the Japanese General Population. Nutrients 2024; 16:524. [PMID: 38398848 PMCID: PMC10893011 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The Japanese diet is a healthy dietary pattern, and the oral or gut microbiota have been identified as the main factors underlying the beneficial effects of the Japanese diet. However, epidemiological studies on Japanese dietary patterns calculated from daily eating habits in the general population yielded inconsistent findings. This study aimed to determine the association between the 12-component modified Japanese Diet Index (mJDI12) and the oral and gut microbiota in the general population of a rural area in Japan. After propensity-score matching, 396 participants (198 each in the low and high mJDI12 groups) were picked out. One year after the follow up survey, we reclassified the subjects and compared the low and high mJDI12 groups again. Participants with a high mJDI12 had a higher relative abundance of butyric acid-producing bacteria in their gut microbiota. Moreover, the significantly higher dietary fiber intake in the high mJDI12 group suggested that the high intake of dietary fiber contributed to an increase in butyric acid-producing bacteria in the gut. In contrast, in individuals with a high mJDI12, only Allpprevotella was decreased in the oral microbiota. Thus, the Japanese dietary pattern can have beneficial effects by improving the oral and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan; (S.S.); (C.I.); (H.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Daisuke Chinda
- Division of Endoscopy, Hirosaki University Hospital, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
| | - Chikara Iino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan; (S.S.); (C.I.); (H.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Kaori Sawada
- Center of Healthy Aging Innovation, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan; (K.S.); (T.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Tatsuya Mikami
- Center of Healthy Aging Innovation, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan; (K.S.); (T.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Shigeyuki Nakaji
- Center of Healthy Aging Innovation, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan; (K.S.); (T.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Hirotake Sakuraba
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan; (S.S.); (C.I.); (H.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Shinsaku Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan; (S.S.); (C.I.); (H.S.); (S.F.)
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13
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Yadav B, Bhattacharya SS, Rosen L, Nagpal R, Yadav H, Yadav JS. Oro-Respiratory Dysbiosis and Its Modulatory Effect on Lung Mucosal Toxicity during Exposure or Co-Exposure to Carbon Nanotubes and Cigarette Smoke. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:314. [PMID: 38334585 PMCID: PMC10856953 DOI: 10.3390/nano14030314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The oro-respiratory microbiome is impacted by inhalable exposures such as smoking and has been associated with respiratory health conditions. However, the effect of emerging toxicants, particularly engineered nanoparticles, alone or in co-exposure with smoking, is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the impact of sub-chronic exposure to carbon nanotube (CNT) particles, cigarette smoke extract (CSE), and their combination. The oral, nasal, and lung microbiomes were characterized using 16S rRNA-based metagenomics. The exposures caused the following shifts in lung microbiota: CNT led to a change from Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes and Tenericutes; CSE caused a shift from Proteobacteria to Bacteroidetes; and co-exposure (CNT+CSE) had a mixed effect, maintaining higher numbers of Bacteroidetes (due to the CNT effect) and Tenericutes (due to the CSE effect) compared to the control group. Oral microbiome analysis revealed an abundance of the following genera: Acinetobacter (CNT), Staphylococcus, Aggregatibacter, Allobaculum, and Streptococcus (CSE), and Alkalibacterium (CNT+CSE). These proinflammatory microbial shifts correlated with changes in the relative expression of lung mucosal homeostasis/defense proteins, viz., aquaporin 1 (AQP-1), surfactant protein A (SP-A), mucin 5b (MUC5B), and IgA. Microbiota depletion reversed these perturbations, albeit to a varying extent, confirming the modulatory role of oro-respiratory dysbiosis in lung mucosal toxicity. This is the first demonstration of specific oro-respiratory microbiome constituents as potential modifiers of toxicant effects in exposed lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh Yadav
- Pulmonary Pathogenesis and Immunotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0056, USA; (B.Y.)
| | - Sukanta S. Bhattacharya
- Pulmonary Pathogenesis and Immunotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0056, USA; (B.Y.)
| | - Lauren Rosen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, UC Health University Hospital Laboratory Medicine Building, Suite 110234 Goodman Street, Cincinnati, OH 45219-0533, USA
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Hariom Yadav
- USF Center for Microbiome Research, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Internal Medicine-Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | - Jagjit S. Yadav
- Pulmonary Pathogenesis and Immunotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0056, USA; (B.Y.)
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14
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Rose KN, Schwarzschild MA, Gomperts SN. Clearing the Smoke: What Protects Smokers from Parkinson's Disease? Mov Disord 2024; 39:267-272. [PMID: 38226487 PMCID: PMC10923097 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The link between smoking and a lower risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the strongest environmental or lifestyle associations in neuroepidemiology. Growing evidence supports the hypothesis that the association is based on a neuroprotective effect of smoking on PD, despite the plausible alternative that smoking serves as a marker for a proximal protective influence without itself conferring benefit. But how smoking could protect against neurodegeneration in PD is not well understood. Of several candidate molecules and mechanisms that have been nominated, nicotine has received the most attention. However, randomized controlled clinical trials of nicotine in PD have failed to demonstrate benefit on motor endpoints, including the NIC-PD study in which recently diagnosed participants were randomly assigned to placebo or nicotine treatment for 1 year. Given these results, the time is right to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of other molecules and biochemical cascades triggered by smoking. Here, we review the evidence supporting smoking's possible protective effect on PD, compounds in tobacco and smoke that might mediate such benefit, and non-causal classes of explanation, including reverse causation and the prospect of shared genetic determinants of smoking and PD resistance. The therapeutic potential of non-nicotine components of smoke is suggested by studies supporting multiple alternative mechanisms ranging from monoamine oxidase inhibitors to gut microbiome disruption to antioxidant response induction by chronic exposure to low levels of carbon monoxide. Rigorous investigation is warranted to evaluate this molecule and others for disease-preventing and disease-modifying activity in PD models and, if warranted, in clinical trials. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth N. Rose
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Stephen N. Gomperts
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Ohue-Kitano R, Banno Y, Masujima Y, Kimura I. Gut microbial metabolites reveal diet-dependent metabolic changes induced by nicotine administration. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1056. [PMID: 38212379 PMCID: PMC10784489 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51528-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has emerged as an important factor that potentially influences various physiological functions and pathophysiological processes such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Accumulating evidence from human and animal studies suggests that gut microbial metabolites play a critical role as integral molecules in host-microbe interactions. Notably, several dietary environment-dependent fatty acid metabolites have been recognized as potent modulators of host metabolic homeostasis. More recently, nicotine, the primary active molecule in tobacco, has been shown to potentially affect host metabolism through alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites. However, the mechanisms underlying the interplay between host nutritional status, diet-derived microbial metabolites, and metabolic homeostasis during nicotine exposure remain unclear. Our findings revealed that nicotine administration had potential effects on weight regulation and metabolic phenotype, independent of reduced caloric intake. Moreover, nicotine-induced body weight suppression is associated with specific changes in gut microbial composition, including Lactobacillus spp., and KetoB, a nicotine-sensitive gut microbiota metabolite, which could be linked to changes in host body weight, suggesting its potential role in modulating host metabolism. Our findings highlight the remarkable impact of the interplay between nutritional control and the gut environment on host metabolism during smoking and smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Ohue-Kitano
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Systemic Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Division of Medicinal Frontier Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Center for Living Systems Information Science (CeLiSIS), Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Yukika Banno
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Systemic Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Masujima
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Systemic Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kimura
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Systemic Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Division of Medicinal Frontier Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
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16
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Wang L, Cai Y, Garssen J, Henricks PAJ, Folkerts G, Braber S. Reply to Li et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 208:1240-1241. [PMID: 37672769 PMCID: PMC10868346 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202308-1418le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; and
| | - Yang Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A. J. Henricks
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Braber
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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17
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Papa A, Santini P, De Lucia SS, Maresca R, Porfidia A, Pignatelli P, Gasbarrini A, Violi F, Pola R. Gut dysbiosis-related thrombosis in inflammatory bowel disease: Potential disease mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies. Thromb Res 2023; 232:77-88. [PMID: 37951044 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of developing venous thromboembolic events, which have a considerable impact on morbidity and mortality. Chronic inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of thrombotic events in patients with IBD. However, many unresolved questions remain, particularly regarding the mechanisms that determine the persistent inflammatory state independent of disease activity. This review explored the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal barrier dysfunction, which are considered distinctive features of IBD, in determining pro-thrombotic tendencies. Gut-derived endotoxemia due to the translocation of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from the intestine to the bloodstream and the bacterial metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) are the most important molecules involved in gut dysbiosis-related thrombosis. The pathogenic prothrombotic pathways linked to LPS and TMAO have been discussed. Finally, we present emerging therapeutic approaches that can help reduce LPS-mediated endotoxemia and TMAO, such as restoring intestinal eubiosis, normalizing intestinal barrier function, and counterbalancing the effects of LPS and TMAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Papa
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, CEMAD, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paolo Santini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Thrombosis Clinic, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Sofia De Lucia
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, CEMAD, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Maresca
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, CEMAD, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Porfidia
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Thrombosis Clinic, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pignatelli
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro-Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, CEMAD, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Violi
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro-Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Pola
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Thrombosis Clinic, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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18
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Krawczyk A, Gosiewski T, Zapała B, Kowalska-Duplaga K, Salamon D. Alterations in intestinal Archaea composition in pediatric patients with Crohn's disease based on next-generation sequencing - a pilot study. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2276806. [PMID: 37955638 PMCID: PMC10653639 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2276806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal dysbiosis can lead to the induction of systemic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, such as Crohn's disease Although archaea are part of the commensal microbiota, they are still one of the least studied microorganisms. The aim of our study was the standardization of the optimal conditions and primers for sequencing of the gut archaeome using Next Generation Sequencing, and evaluation of the differences between the composition of archaea in patients and healthy volunteers, as well as analysis of the changes that occur in the archaeome of patients depending on disease activity. Newly diagnosed patients were characterized by similar archeal profiles at every taxonomic level as in healthy individuals (the dominance of Methanobacteria at the class level, and Methanobrevibacter at the genus level). In turn, in patients previously diagnosed with Crohn's disease (both in active and remission phase), an increased prevalence of Thermoplasmata, Thermoprotei, Halobacteria (at the class level), and Halococcus, Methanospaera or Picrophilus (at the genus level) were observed. Furthermore, we have found a significant correlation between the patient's parameters and the individual class or species of Archaea. Our study confirms changes in archaeal composition in pediatric patients with Crohn's disease, however, only in long-standing disease. At the beginning of the disease, the archeal profile is similar to that of healthy people. However, in the chronic form of the disease, significant differences in the composition of archaeome begin to appear. It seems that some archaea may be a good indicator of the chronicity and activity of Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Krawczyk
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Division of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - T. Gosiewski
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Division of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - B. Zapała
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - K. Kowalska-Duplaga
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition,Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - D. Salamon
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Division of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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19
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Zhang S, Zhang C, Gao ZF, Qiu CW, Shi SH, Chen ZH, Ali MA, Wang F, Wu F. Integrated physiological and omics analyses reveal the mechanism of beneficial fungal Trichoderma sp. alleviating cadmium toxicity in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 267:115631. [PMID: 37890251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal and readily accumulates in tobacco, which imperils public health via Cd exposure from smoking. Beneficial microbes have a pivotal role in promoting plant growth, especially under environmental stresses such as heavy metal stresses. In this study, we introduced a novel fungal strain Trichoderma nigricans T32781, and investigated its capacity to alleviate Cd-induced stress in tobacco plants through comprehensive physiological and omics analyses. Our findings revealed that T32781 inoculation in soil leads to a substantial reduction in Cd-induced growth inhibition. This was evidenced by increased plant height, enhanced biomass accumulation, and improved photosynthesis, as indicated by higher values of key photosynthetic parameters, including the maximum quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ (Fv/Fm), stomatal conductance (Gs), photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr). Furthermore, element analysis demonstrated that T. nigricans T32781 inoculation resulted in a remarkable reduction of Cd uptake by 62.2% and a 37.8% decrease in available soil Cd compared to Cd-stressed plants without inoculation. The protective role of T32781 extended to mitigating Cd-induced oxidative stress by improving antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Metabolic profiling of tobacco roots identified 43 key metabolites, with notable contributions from compounds like nicotinic acid, succinic acid, and fumaric acid in reducing Cd toxicity in T32781-inoculated plants. Additionally, rhizosphere microbiome analysis highlighted the promotion of beneficial microbes, including Gemmatimonas and Sphingomonas, by T32781 inoculation, which potentially contributed to the restoration of plant growth under Cd exposure. In summary, our study demonstrated that T. nigricans T32781 effectively alleviated Cd stress in tobacco plants by reducing Cd uptake, alleviating Cd-induced oxidative stress, influencing plant metabolite and modulating the microbial composition in the rhizosphere. These findings offer a novel perspective and a promising candidate strain for enhancing Cd tolerance and prohibiting its accumulation in plants to reduce health risks associated with exposure to Cd-contaminated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chulong Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zi-Feng Gao
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shou-Heng Shi
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Feng Wang
- Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550081, China.
| | - Feibo Wu
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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20
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Losol P, Sokolowska M, Hwang YK, Ogulur I, Mitamura Y, Yazici D, Pat Y, Radzikowska U, Ardicli S, Yoon JE, Choi JP, Kim SH, van de Veen W, Akdis M, Chang YS, Akdis CA. Epithelial Barrier Theory: The Role of Exposome, Microbiome, and Barrier Function in Allergic Diseases. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2023; 15:705-724. [PMID: 37957791 PMCID: PMC10643858 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2023.15.6.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Allergic diseases are a major public health problem with increasing prevalence. These immune-mediated diseases are characterized by defective epithelial barriers, which are explained by the epithelial barrier theory and continuously emerging evidence. Environmental exposures (exposome) including global warming, changes and loss of biodiversity, pollution, pathogens, allergens and mites, laundry and dishwasher detergents, surfactants, shampoos, body cleaners and household cleaners, microplastics, nanoparticles, toothpaste, enzymes and emulsifiers in processed foods, and dietary habits are responsible for the mucosal and skin barrier disruption. Exposure to barrier-damaging agents causes epithelial cell injury and barrier damage, colonization of opportunistic pathogens, loss of commensal bacteria, decreased microbiota diversity, bacterial translocation, allergic sensitization, and inflammation in the periepithelial area. Here, we review scientific evidence on the environmental components that impact epithelial barriers and microbiome composition and their influence on asthma and allergic diseases. We also discuss the historical overview of allergic diseases and the evolution of the hygiene hypothesis with theoretical evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purevsuren Losol
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yu-Kyoung Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ismail Ogulur
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yasutaka Mitamura
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Duygu Yazici
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yagiz Pat
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Urszula Radzikowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Sena Ardicli
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Jeong-Eun Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Pyo Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Willem van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
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21
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Alvarado-Peña N, Galeana-Cadena D, Gómez-García IA, Mainero XS, Silva-Herzog E. The microbiome and the gut-lung axis in tuberculosis: interplay in the course of disease and treatment. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1237998. [PMID: 38029121 PMCID: PMC10643882 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1237998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) that remains a significant global health challenge. The extensive use of antibiotics in tuberculosis treatment, disrupts the delicate balance of the microbiota in various organs, including the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems. This gut-lung axis involves dynamic interactions among immune cells, microbiota, and signaling molecules from both organs. The alterations of the microbiome resulting from anti-TB treatment can significantly influence the course of tuberculosis, impacting aspects such as complete healing, reinfection, and relapse. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the gut-lung axis in the context of tuberculosis, with a specific focus on the impact of anti-TB treatment on the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Alvarado-Peña
- Clínica de Tuberculosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, México City, Mexico
| | - David Galeana-Cadena
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Genética, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, México City, Mexico
| | - Itzel Alejandra Gómez-García
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Genética, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, México City, Mexico
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, México City, Mexico
| | - Xavier Soberón Mainero
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Eugenia Silva-Herzog
- Laboratorio de Vinculación Científica, Facultad de Medicina-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México-Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, México City, Mexico
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22
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Pedroza Matute S, Iyavoo S. Exploring the gut microbiota: lifestyle choices, disease associations, and personal genomics. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1225120. [PMID: 37867494 PMCID: PMC10585655 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1225120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a rich and dynamic ecosystem that actively interacts with the human body, playing a significant role in the state of health and disease of the host. Diet, exercise, mental health, and other factors have exhibited the ability to influence the gut bacterial composition, leading to changes that can prevent and improve, or favor and worsen, both intestinal and extra-intestinal conditions. Altered gut microbial states, or 'dysbiosis', associated with conditions and diseases are often characterized by shifts in bacterial abundance and diversity, including an impaired Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio. By understanding the effect of lifestyle on the gut microbiota, personalized advice can be generated to suit each individual profile and foster the adoption of lifestyle changes that can both prevent and ameliorate dysbiosis. The delivery of effective and reliable advice, however, depends not only on the available research and current understanding of the topic, but also on the methods used to assess individuals and to discover the associations, which can introduce bias at multiple stages. The aim of this review is to summarize how human gut microbial variability is defined and what lifestyle choices and diseases have shown association with gut bacterial composition. Furthermore, popular methods to investigate the human gut microbiota are outlined, with a focus on the possible bias caused by the lack of use of standardized methods. Finally, an overview of the current state of personalized advice based on gut microbiota testing is presented, underlining its power and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sasitaran Iyavoo
- Nkaarco Diagnostics Limited, Norwich, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry, College of Health and Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
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23
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Jang H, Park S, Koh H. Comprehensive microbiome causal mediation analysis using MiMed on user-friendly web interfaces. Biol Methods Protoc 2023; 8:bpad023. [PMID: 37840574 PMCID: PMC10576642 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpad023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
It is a central goal of human microbiome studies to see the roles of the microbiome as a mediator that transmits environmental, behavioral, or medical exposures to health or disease outcomes. Yet, mediation analysis is not used as much as it should be. One reason is because of the lack of carefully planned routines, compilers, and automated computing systems for microbiome mediation analysis (MiMed) to perform a series of data processing, diversity calculation, data normalization, downstream data analysis, and visualizations. Many researchers in various disciplines (e.g. clinicians, public health practitioners, and biologists) are not also familiar with related statistical methods and programming languages on command-line interfaces. Thus, in this article, we introduce a web cloud computing platform, named as MiMed, that enables comprehensive MiMed on user-friendly web interfaces. The main features of MiMed are as follows. First, MiMed can survey the microbiome in various spheres (i) as a whole microbial ecosystem using different ecological measures (e.g. alpha- and beta-diversity indices) or (ii) as individual microbial taxa (e.g. phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species) using different data normalization methods. Second, MiMed enables covariate-adjusted analysis to control for potential confounding factors (e.g. age and gender), which is essential to enhance the causality of the results, especially for observational studies. Third, MiMed enables a breadth of statistical inferences in both mediation effect estimation and significance testing. Fourth, MiMed provides flexible and easy-to-use data processing and analytic modules and creates nice graphical representations. Finally, MiMed employs ChatGPT to search for what has been known about the microbial taxa that are found significantly as mediators using artificial intelligence technologies. For demonstration purposes, we applied MiMed to the study on the mediating roles of oral microbiome in subgingival niches between e-cigarette smoking and gingival inflammation. MiMed is freely available on our web server (http://mimed.micloud.kr).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojung Jang
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Solha Park
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hyunwook Koh
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
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24
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Merianos AL, Mahabee-Gittens EM. Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Gastrointestinal Problems Among US Children. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2023; 62:1229-1236. [PMID: 36789912 PMCID: PMC10425569 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231154135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the association between home tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) status and gastrointestinal problems in the past 12 months among US children. We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2018-2019 National Survey of Children's Health cross-sectional data including 20 149 children aged 4 to 10 years. Weighted logistic regression models unadjusted and adjusted for child and family covariates were fitted. Overall, 12.3% of children had home thirdhand smoke (THS) exposure only and 1.8% had home secondhand smoke (SHS) and THS exposure. Unadjusted (odds ratio [OR] = 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.32-2.20) and adjusted (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.14-1.99) logistic regression results indicated that relative to children with no home TSE, children with home THS exposure only were at increased odds of having frequent or chronic difficulty with gastrointestinal problems over the past 12 months. Interventions are critically needed to promote smoking cessation among household members who live with children in order to reduce levels of SHS and THS in their homes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 2008, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
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25
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Zhao L, Li B, Zhou L, Song C, Kang T, Xu Y, Liu Y, Han Y, Zhao W, Jia H, Zhang B, Guo J. PM 2.5 exposure promotes asthma in aged Brown-Norway rats: Implication of multiomics analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115393. [PMID: 37611479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Children are disproportionately represented among those who suffer asthma, which is a kind of chronic airway inflammation. Asthma symptoms might worsen when exposed to the air pollutant particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5). However, it is becoming more prevalent among older adults, with more asthma-related deaths occurring in this pollution than in any other age group, and symptoms caused by asthma can reduce the quality of life of the elderly, whose asthma is underdiagnosed due to physiological factors. Therefore, in an effort to discover a therapy for older asthma during exposure to air pollution, we sought to ascertain the effects of pre-exposure (PA) and persistent exposure (PAP) to PM2.5 in aged asthma rats. In this study, we exposed aged rats to PM2.5 at different times (PA and PAP) and established an ovalbumin-mediated allergic asthma model. The basic process of elderly asthma caused by PM2.5 exposure was investigated by lung function detection, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), histopathology, cytology, cytokine microarray, untargeted metabolomics, and gut microbiota analysis. Our findings demonstrated that in the PA and PAP groups, exposure to PM2.5 reduced lung function and exacerbated lung tissue damage, with varying degrees of effect on immunoglobulin levels, the findings of a cytological analysis, cytokines, and chemokines. The PA and PAP rats had higher amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as naphthalene, 2-methylNaphthalene, 1-methylNaphthalene and flourene. Moreover, exposure to PM2.5 at different times showed different effects on plasma metabolism and gut microbiota. Bioinformatics analysis showed a strong correlation between PAHs, cytokines, and gut microbiota, and PAHs may cause metabolic disorders through the gut microbiota. These findings point to a possible mechanism for the development of asthma in older people exposure to PM2.5 that may be related to past interactions between PAHs, cytokines, gut microbiota, and plasma metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianlian Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100021, China; Institute of Environmental Systems Biology, Environment Science and Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, 116026, China
| | - Baicun Li
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Center for Respiratory Medicine Laboratories, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Chenchen Song
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Taisheng Kang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yanfeng Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yunlin Han
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hongliang Jia
- Institute of Environmental Systems Biology, Environment Science and Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, 116026, China
| | - Boxiang Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Systems Biology, Environment Science and Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, 116026, China
| | - Jianguo Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100021, China.
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26
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Ren Y, Wu J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Ren J, Zhang Z, Chen B, Zhang K, Zhu B, Liu W, Li S, Li X. Lifestyle patterns influence the composition of the gut microbiome in a healthy Chinese population. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14425. [PMID: 37660184 PMCID: PMC10475076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41532-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing allows for the comprehensive analysis of the human intestinal microbiota. However, extensive association analyses between the microbiome and lifestyle differences in the Chinese population are limited. Here, we carried out an independent cohort study-the Chinese Healthy Gut Project (n = 483)-where correlations between the gut microbiota and dietary and lifestyle variables in a healthy Chinese population are defined. We collected both questionnaire data, including basic information and lifestyle and dietary variables, and fecal stools from the enrolled volunteers. We then performed 16S rRNA sequencing on the microbial DNA isolated from the stools to assess the composition of the intestinal microbiota. We found that Prevotella and Bacteroides were the most abundant genera in the healthy Chinese gut microbiome. Additionally, 9 out of 29 clinical and questionnaire-based phenotype covariates were found to be associated with the variation in the composition of the gut microbiota. Among these lifestyle phenotypes, sleep procrastination, negative mood, and drinking habits had the largest effect size. Additionally, an appreciable effect of urbanization was observed, resulting in decreased intra-individual diversity, increased inter-individual diversity, and an increased abundance of the Bacteroides enterotype. The results of this study provide a foundation for assessing the healthy Chinese gut microbiota community structure at baseline in a healthy Chinese population. Furthermore, this study also provides insights into understanding how distinctive living habits influence the relationships between the Chinese gut microbiome and systemic health state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Lanying Zhang
- Coyote Diagnostics Lab (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Binghan Chen
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Kejian Zhang
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
| | - Sabrina Li
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
- Coyote Diagnostics Lab (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
| | - Xu Li
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
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27
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Biscarini F, Masetti G, Muller I, Verhasselt HL, Covelli D, Colucci G, Zhang L, Draman MS, Okosieme O, Taylor P, Daumerie C, Burlacu MC, Marinò M, Ezra DG, Perros P, Plummer S, Eckstein A, Salvi M, Marchesi JR, Ludgate M. Gut Microbiome Associated With Graves Disease and Graves Orbitopathy: The INDIGO Multicenter European Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:2065-2077. [PMID: 36683389 PMCID: PMC10807910 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gut bacteria can influence host immune responses but little is known about their role in tolerance-loss mechanisms in Graves disease (GD; hyperthyroidism caused by autoantibodies, TRAb, to the thyrotropin receptor, TSHR) and its progression to Graves orbitopathy (GO). OBJECTIVE This work aimed to compare the fecal microbiota in GD patients, with GO of varying severity, and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Patients were recruited from 4 European countries (105 GD patients, 41 HCs) for an observational study with cross-sectional and longitudinal components. RESULTS At recruitment, when patients were hyperthyroid and TRAb positive, Actinobacteria were significantly increased and Bacteroidetes significantly decreased in GD/GO compared with HCs. The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F:B) ratio was significantly higher in GD/GO than in HCs. Differential abundance of 15 genera was observed in patients, being most skewed in mild GO. Bacteroides displayed positive and negative correlations with TSH and free thyroxine, respectively, and was also significantly associated with smoking in GO; smoking is a risk factor for GO but not GD. Longitudinal analyses revealed that the presence of certain bacteria (Clostridiales) at diagnosis correlated with the persistence of TRAb more than 200 days after commencing antithyroid drug treatment. CONCLUSION The increased F:B ratio observed in GD/GO mirrors our finding in a murine model comparing TSHR-immunized with control mice. We defined a microbiome signature and identified changes associated with autoimmunity as distinct from those due to hyperthyroidism. Persistence of TRAb is predictive of relapse; identification of these patients at diagnosis, via their microbiome, could improve management with potential to eradicate Clostridiales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Biscarini
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
- Department of Bioinformatics, Parco Tecnologico Padano Srl (PTP), Lodi, 26900, Italy
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Giulia Masetti
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
- Department of Bioinformatics, Parco Tecnologico Padano Srl (PTP), Lodi, 26900, Italy
| | - Ilaria Muller
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, 35-I-20122, Italy
- Graves' Orbitopathy Center, Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Milan, 35-I-20122, Italy
| | - Hedda Luise Verhasselt
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45147, Germany
- Cultech Ltd., Baglan, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, UK
| | - Danila Covelli
- Department of Bioinformatics, Parco Tecnologico Padano Srl (PTP), Lodi, 26900, Italy
- Graves' Orbitopathy Center, Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Milan, 35-I-20122, Italy
- Cultech Ltd., Baglan, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, UK
| | - Giuseppe Colucci
- Graves' Orbitopathy Center, Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Milan, 35-I-20122, Italy
| | - Lei Zhang
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
- Centre for Stem Cell Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Mohd Shazli Draman
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
- KPJ Healthcare University College, Kota Seriemas, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Onyebuchi Okosieme
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Pete Taylor
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Chantal Daumerie
- Department of Endocrinology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, B-1200, Belgium
| | - Maria-Cristina Burlacu
- Department of Endocrinology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, B-1200, Belgium
| | - Michele Marinò
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, 56124, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit I, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Daniel George Ezra
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, London and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, EC4 9EL, UK
| | - Petros Perros
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Sue Plummer
- Cultech Ltd., Baglan, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, UK
| | - Anja Eckstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45147, Germany
| | - Mario Salvi
- Graves' Orbitopathy Center, Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Milan, 35-I-20122, Italy
| | - Julian R Marchesi
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Marian Ludgate
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
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28
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Gu W, Koh H, Jang H, Lee B, Kang B. MiSurv: an Integrative Web Cloud Platform for User-Friendly Microbiome Data Analysis with Survival Responses. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0505922. [PMID: 37039671 PMCID: PMC10269532 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05059-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigators have studied the treatment effects on human health or disease, the treatment effects on human microbiome, and the roles of the microbiome on human health or disease. Especially, in a clinical trial, investigators commonly trace disease status over a lengthy period to survey the sequential disease progression for different treatment groups (e.g., treatment versus placebo, new treatment versus old treatment). Hence, disease responses are often available in the form of survival (i.e., time-to-event) responses stratified by treatment groups. While the recent web cloud platforms have enabled user-friendly microbiome data processing and analytics, there is currently no web cloud platform to analyze microbiome data with survival responses. Therefore, we introduce here an integrative web cloud platform, called MiSurv, for comprehensive microbiome data analysis with survival responses. IMPORTANCE MiSurv consists of a data processing module and its following four data analytic modules: (i) Module 1: Comparative survival analysis between treatment groups, (ii) Module 2: Comparative analysis in microbial composition between treatment groups, (iii) Module 3: Association testing between microbial composition and survival responses, (iv) Module 4: Prediction modeling using microbial taxa on survival responses. We demonstrate its use through an example trial on the effects of antibiotic use on the survival rate against type 1 diabetes (T1D) onset and gut microbiome composition, respectively, and the effects of the gut microbiome on the survival rate against T1D onset. MiSurv is freely available on our web server (http://misurv.micloud.kr) or can alternatively run on the user's local computer (https://github.com/wg99526/MiSurvGit).
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Gu
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hyunwook Koh
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hyojung Jang
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Byungho Lee
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Byungkon Kang
- Department of Computer Science, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
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Zeng T, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Jiang X, Zhang Q. Advanced Materials Design for Adsorption of Toxic Substances in Cigarette Smoke. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2301834. [PMID: 37211707 PMCID: PMC10401148 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cigarettes, despite being economically important legal consumer products, are highly addictive and harmful, particularly to the respiratory system. Tobacco smoke is a complex mixture containing over 7000 chemical compounds, 86 of which are identified to have "sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity" in either animal or human tests. Thus, tobacco smoke poses a significant health risk to humans. This article focuses on materials that help reduce the levels of major carcinogens in cigarette smoke; these include nicotine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, tobacco-specific nitrosamines, hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, and formaldehyde. Specifically, the research progress on adsorption effects and mechanisms of advanced materials such as cellulose, zeolite, activated carbon, graphene, and molecularly imprinted polymers are highlighted. The future trends and prospects in this field are also discussed. Notably, with advancements in supramolecular chemistry and materials engineering, the design of functionally oriented materials has become increasingly multidisciplinary. Certainly, several advanced materials can play a critical role in reducing the harmful effects of cigarette smoke. This review aims to serve as an insightful reference for the design of hybrid and functionally oriented advanced materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zeng
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
- Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Yanxia Liu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yingfang Jiang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CETHIL UMR5008, Villeurbanne, F-69621, France
| | - Yagang Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Xiaoli Jiang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
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30
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Fan J, Zhou Y, Meng R, Tang J, Zhu J, Aldrich MC, Cox NJ, Zhu Y, Li Y, Zhou D. Cross-talks between gut microbiota and tobacco smoking: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. BMC Med 2023; 21:163. [PMID: 37118782 PMCID: PMC10148467 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02863-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considerable evidence has been reported that tobacco use could cause alterations in gut microbiota composition. The microbiota-gut-brain axis also in turn hinted at a possible contribution of the gut microbiota to smoking. However, population-level studies with a higher evidence level for causality are lacking. METHODS This study utilized the summary-level data of respective genome-wide association study (GWAS) for 211 gut microbial taxa and five smoking phenotypes to reveal the causal association between the gut microbiota and tobacco smoking. Two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) design was deployed and comprehensively sensitive analyses were followed to validate the robustness of results. We further performed multivariable MR to evaluate the effect of neurotransmitter-associated metabolites on observed associations. RESULTS Our univariable MR results confirmed the effects of smoking on three taxa (Intestinimonas, Catenibacterium, and Ruminococcaceae, observed from previous studies) with boosted evidence level and identified another 13 taxa which may be causally affected by tobacco smoking. As for the other direction, we revealed that smoking behaviors could be potential consequence of specific taxa abundance. Combining with existing observational evidence, we provided novel insights regarding a positive feedback loop of smoking through Actinobacteria and indicated a potential mechanism for the link between parental smoking and early smoking initiation of their children driven by Bifidobacterium. The multivariable MR results suggested that neurotransmitter-associated metabolites (tryptophan and tyrosine, also supported by previous studies) probably played a role in the action pathway from the gut microbiota to smoking, especially for Actinobacteria and Peptococcus. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the current study suggested the role of the specific gut microbes on the risk for cigarette smoking (likely involving alterations in metabolites) and in turn smoking on specific gut microbes. Our findings highlighted the hazards of tobacco use for gut flora dysbiosis and shed light on the potential role of specific gut microbiota for smoking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Fan
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ran Meng
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jinsong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nancy J Cox
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yingjun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Dan Zhou
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Mazumder MHH, Gandhi J, Majumder N, Wang L, Cumming RI, Stradtman S, Velayutham M, Hathaway QA, Shannahan J, Hu G, Nurkiewicz TR, Tighe RM, Kelley EE, Hussain S. Lung-gut axis of microbiome alterations following co-exposure to ultrafine carbon black and ozone. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:15. [PMID: 37085867 PMCID: PMC10122302 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00528-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial dysbiosis is a potential mediator of air pollution-induced adverse outcomes. However, a systemic comparison of the lung and gut microbiome alterations and lung-gut axis following air pollution exposure is scant. In this study, we exposed male C57BL/6J mice to inhaled air, CB (10 mg/m3), O3 (2 ppm) or CB + O3 mixture for 3 h/day for either one day or four consecutive days and were euthanized 24 h post last exposure. The lung and gut microbiome were quantified by 16 s sequencing. RESULTS Multiple CB + O3 exposures induced an increase in the lung inflammatory cells (neutrophils, eosinophils and B lymphocytes), reduced absolute bacterial load in the lungs and increased load in the gut. CB + O3 exposure was more potent as it decreased lung microbiome alpha diversity just after a single exposure. CB + O3 co-exposure uniquely increased Clostridiaceae and Prevotellaceae in the lungs. Serum short chain fatty acids (SCFA) (acetate and propionate) were increased significantly only after CB + O3 co-exposure. A significant increase in SCFA producing bacterial families (Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Eubacterium) were also observed in the gut after multiple exposures. Co-exposure induced significant alterations in the gut derived metabolite receptors/mediator (Gcg, Glp-1r, Cck) mRNA expression. Oxidative stress related mRNA expression in lungs, and oxidant levels in the BALF, serum and gut significantly increased after CB + O3 exposures. CONCLUSION Our study confirms distinct gut and lung microbiome alterations after CB + O3 inhalation co-exposure and indicate a potential homeostatic shift in the gut microbiome to counter deleterious impacts of environmental exposures on metabolic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Habibul Hasan Mazumder
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Jasleen Gandhi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Nairrita Majumder
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Robert Ian Cumming
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 2927, USA
| | - Sydney Stradtman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Murugesan Velayutham
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Quincy A Hathaway
- Heart and Vascular Institute, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jonathan Shannahan
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Gangqing Hu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Timothy R Nurkiewicz
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Robert M Tighe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 2927, USA
| | - Eric E Kelley
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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Cicchinelli S, Rosa F, Manca F, Zanza C, Ojetti V, Covino M, Candelli M, Gasbarrini A, Franceschi F, Piccioni A. The Impact of Smoking on Microbiota: A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041144. [PMID: 37189762 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a classic risk factor for many diseases. The microbiota has been recently indicated as a new, major player in human health. Its deregulation-dysbiosis-is considered a new risk factor for several illnesses. Some studies highlight a cross-interaction between these two risk factors-smoke and dysbiosis-that may explain the pathogenesis of some diseases. We searched the keywords "smoking OR smoke AND microbiota" in the title of articles on PubMed®, UptoDate®, and Cochrane®. We included articles published in English over the last 25 years. We collected approximately 70 articles, grouped into four topics: oral cavity, airways, gut, and other organs. Smoke may impair microbiota homeostasis through the same harmful mechanisms exerted on the host cells. Surprisingly, dysbiosis and its consequences affect not only those organs that are in direct contact with the smoke, such as the oral cavity or the airways, but also involve distant organs, such as the gut, heart, vessels, and genitourinary tract. These observations yield a deeper insight into the mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of smoke-related diseases, suggesting a role of dysbiosis. We speculate that modulation of the microbiota may help prevent and treat some of these illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cicchinelli
- Department of Emergency, Ospedale SS. Filippo e Nicola, 67051 Avezzano, Italy
| | - Federico Rosa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Federica Manca
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Christian Zanza
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, Ospedale Michele e Pietro Ferrero, 12060 Cuneo, Italy
| | - Veronica Ojetti
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Covino
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Piccioni
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
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Cheng TY, Chang CC, Luo CS, Chen KY, Yeh YK, Zheng JQ, Wu SM. Targeting Lung-Gut Axis for Regulating Pollution Particle-Mediated Inflammation and Metabolic Disorders. Cells 2023; 12:901. [PMID: 36980242 PMCID: PMC10047528 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking (CS) or ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure is a risk factor for metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance (IR), increased plasma triglycerides, hyperglycemia, and diabetes mellitus (DM); it can also cause gut microbiota dysbiosis. In smokers with metabolic disorders, CS cessation decreases the risks of serious pulmonary events, inflammation, and metabolic disorder. This review included recent studies examining the mechanisms underlying the effects of CS and PM on gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disorder development; one of the potential mechanisms is the disruption of the lung-gut axis, leading to gut microbiota dysbiosis, intestinal dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and metabolic disease. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the primary metabolites of gut bacteria, which are derived from the fermentation of dietary fibers. They activate G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, suppress histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, and inhibit inflammation, facilitating the maintenance of gut health and biofunction. The aforementioned gut microbiota dysbiosis reduces SCFA levels. Treatment targeting SCFA/GPCR signaling may alleviate air pollution-associated inflammation and metabolic disorders, which involve lung-gut axis disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yu Cheng
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan;
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Chang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-S.L.); (K.-Y.C.); (Y.-K.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.)
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Shan Luo
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-S.L.); (K.-Y.C.); (Y.-K.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.)
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yuan Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-S.L.); (K.-Y.C.); (Y.-K.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.)
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Kai Yeh
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-S.L.); (K.-Y.C.); (Y.-K.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.)
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Quan Zheng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-S.L.); (K.-Y.C.); (Y.-K.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.)
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ming Wu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-S.L.); (K.-Y.C.); (Y.-K.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.)
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Kondaveeti SN, Thekkekkara D, T LN, Manjula SN, Tausif YM, Babu A, Meheronnisha SK. A Deep Insight into the Correlation Between Gut Dysbiosis and Alzheimer’s Amyloidopathy. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/0976500x221150310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent research has shown a strong correlation between gut dysbiosis and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Purpose To investigate the relationship between gut dysbiosis, immune system activation, and the onset of AD and to examine current breakthroughs in microbiota-targeted AD therapeutics. Methods A review of scientific literature was conducted to assess the correlation between gut dysbiosis and AD and the various factors associated. Results Gut dysbiosis produces an increase in harmful substances, such as bacterial amyloids, which makes the gut barrier and blood-brain barrier more permeable. This leads to the stimulation of immunological responses and an increase in cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β). As a result, gut dysbiosis accelerates the progression of AD. Conclusion The review highlights the connection between gut dysbiosis and AD and the potential for microbiota-targeted therapies in AD treatment. Pictorial Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dithu Thekkekkara
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Lakshmi Narayanan T
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - S. N. Manjula
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Y Mohammed Tausif
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Amrita Babu
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - SK Meheronnisha
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
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Dysbiotic microbiome variation in colorectal cancer patients is linked to lifestyles and metabolic diseases. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:33. [PMID: 36709262 PMCID: PMC9883847 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02771-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences in the composition and diversity of the gut microbial communities among individuals are influenced by environmental factors. However, there is limited research on factors affecting microbiome variation in colorectal cancer patients, who display lower inter-individual variations than that of healthy individuals. In this study, we examined the association between modifiable factors and the microbiome variation in colorectal cancer patients. METHODS A total of 331 colorectal cancer patients who underwent resection surgery at the Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital between October 2017 and August 2019 were included. Fecal samples from colorectal cancer patients were collected prior to the surgery. Variations in the gut microbiome among patients with different lifestyles and metabolic diseases were examined through the network analysis of inter-connected microbial abundance, the assessment of the Anna Karenina principle effect for microbial stochasticity, and the identification of the enriched bacteria using linear discrimination analysis effect size. Associations of dietary diversity with microbiome variation were investigated using the Procrustes analysis. RESULTS We found stronger network connectivity of microbial communities in non-smokers, non-drinkers, obese individuals, hypertensive subjects, and individuals without diabetes than in their counterparts. The Anna Karenina principle effect was found for history of smoking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes (with significantly greater intra-sample similarity index), whereas obesity and hypertension showed the anti-Anna Karenina principle effect (with significantly lower intra-sample similarity index). We found certain bacterial taxa to be significantly enriched in patients of different categories of lifestyles and metabolic diseases using linear discrimination analysis. Diversity of food and nutrient intake did not shape the microbial diversity between individuals (pProcrustes>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested an immune dysregulation and a reduced ability of the host and its microbiome in regulating the community composition. History of smoking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes were shown to affect partial individuals in shifting new microbial communities, whereas obesity and history of hypertension appeared to affect majority of individuals and shifted to drastic reductions in microbial compositions. Understanding the contribution of modifiable factors to microbial stochasticity may provide insights into how the microbiome regulates effects of these factors on the health outcomes of colorectal cancer patients.
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Upreti D, Ishiguro S, Phillips M, Nakashima A, Suzuki K, Comer J, Tamura M. Euglena gracilis Extract Protects From Tobacco Smoke Carcinogen-Induced Lung Cancer by Altering Gut Microbiota Metabolome. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354231195323. [PMID: 37646331 PMCID: PMC10469252 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231195323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracts from Euglena gracilis have been shown to prevent cancer growth in mouse models. However, the molecular mechanism of this anti-cancer activity has not been determined nor has the effect of Euglena extracts on tobacco smoke carcinogen-induced carcinogenesis. Here, we investigate the hypothesis that this anti-cancer activity is a result of changes in the intestinal microbiota induced by oral administration of the extract. We found that a Euglena gracilis water extract prevents lung tumorigenesis induced by a tobacco smoke-specific carcinogen (NNK) in mice treated either 2 weeks before or 10 weeks after NNK injection. Both of these treatment regimens are associated with significant increases in 27 microbiota metabolites found in the mouse feces, including large increases in triethanolamine, salicylate, desaminotyrosine, N-acetylserine, glycolate, and aspartate. Increases in the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including acetate, propionate and butyrate are also observed. We also detected a significant attenuation of lung carcinoma cell growth through the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis caused by low levels of SCFAs. This study provides strong evidence of anti-cancer activity in Euglena gracilis extracts against tobacco smoke carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis and demonstrates that this activity is linked to increased production of specific gut microbiota metabolites and the resultant induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of lung carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Upreti
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Susumu Ishiguro
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Morgan Phillips
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | | | | | - Jeffrey Comer
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Masaaki Tamura
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, USA
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Kopp W. Pathogenesis of (smoking-related) non-communicable diseases-Evidence for a common underlying pathophysiological pattern. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1037750. [PMID: 36589440 PMCID: PMC9798240 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1037750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases, like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, arthritis, Alzheimer's disease and other more are a leading cause of death in almost all countries. Lifestyle factors, especially poor diet and tobacco consumption, are considered to be the most important influencing factors in the development of these diseases. The Western diet has been shown to cause a significant distortion of normal physiology, characterized by dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin aldosterone system, and immune system, as well as disruption of physiological insulin and oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis, all of which play critical roles in the development of these diseases. This paper addresses the question of whether the development of smoking-related non-communicable diseases follows the same pathophysiological pattern. The evidence presented shows that exposure to cigarette smoke and/or nicotine causes the same complex dysregulation of physiology as described above, it further shows that the factors involved are strongly interrelated, and that all of these factors play a key role in the development of a broad spectrum of smoking-related diseases. Since not all smokers develop one or more of these diseases, it is proposed that this disruption of normal physiological balance represents a kind of pathogenetic "basic toolkit" for the potential development of a range of non-communicable diseases, and that the decision of whether and what disease will develop in an individual is determined by other, individual factors ("determinants"), such as the genome, epigenome, exposome, microbiome, and others. The common pathophysiological pattern underlying these diseases may provide an explanation for the often poorly understood links between non-communicable diseases and disease comorbidities. The proposed pathophysiological process offers new insights into the development of non-communicable diseases and may influence the direction of future research in both prevention and therapy.
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Plasma Concentrations of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Active and Recovered Anorexia Nervosa. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245247. [PMID: 36558405 PMCID: PMC9781195 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is one of the most lethal psychiatric disorders. To date, we lack adequate knowledge about the (neuro)biological mechanisms of this disorder to inform evidence-based pharmacological treatment. Gut dysbiosis is a trending topic in mental health, including AN. Communication between the gut microbiota and the brain is partly mediated by metabolites produced by the gut microbiota such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Previous research has suggested a role of SCFA in weight regulation (e.g., correlations between specific SCFA-producing bacteria and BMI have been demonstrated). Moreover, fecal SCFA concentrations are reported to be altered in active AN. However, data concerning SCFA concentrations in individuals who have recovered from AN are limited. In the present study, we analyzed and compared the plasma concentrations of seven SCFA (acetic-, butyric-, formic-, isobutyric-, isovaleric-, propionic-, and succinic acid) in females with active AN (n = 109), recovered from AN (AN-REC, n = 108), and healthy-weight age-matched controls (CTRL, n = 110), and explored correlations between SCFA concentrations and BMI. Significantly lower plasma concentrations of butyric, isobutyric-, and isovaleric acid were detected in AN as well as AN-REC compared with CTRL. We also show significant correlations between plasma concentrations of SCFA and BMI. These results encourage studies evaluating whether interventions directed toward altering gut microbiota and SCFA could support weight restoration in AN.
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Jang H, Koh H, Gu W, Kang B. Integrative web cloud computing and analytics using MiPair for design-based comparative analysis with paired microbiome data. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20465. [PMID: 36443470 PMCID: PMC9705534 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25093-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pairing (or blocking) is a design technique that is widely used in comparative microbiome studies to efficiently control for the effects of potential confounders (e.g., genetic, environmental, or behavioral factors). Some typical paired (block) designs for human microbiome studies are repeated measures designs that profile each subject's microbiome twice (or more than twice) (1) for pre and post treatments to see the effects of a treatment on microbiome, or (2) for different organs of the body (e.g., gut, mouth, skin) to see the disparity in microbiome between (or across) body sites. Researchers have developed a sheer number of web-based tools for user-friendly microbiome data processing and analytics, though there is no web-based tool currently available for such paired microbiome studies. In this paper, we thus introduce an integrative web-based tool, named MiPair, for design-based comparative analysis with paired microbiome data. MiPair is a user-friendly web cloud service that is built with step-by-step data processing and analytic procedures for comparative analysis between (or across) groups or between baseline and other groups. MiPair employs parametric and non-parametric tests for complete or incomplete block designs to perform comparative analyses with respect to microbial ecology (alpha- and beta-diversity) and taxonomy (e.g., phylum, class, order, family, genus, species). We demonstrate its usage through an example clinical trial on the effects of antibiotics on gut microbiome. MiPair is an open-source software that can be run on our web server ( http://mipair.micloud.kr ) or on user's computer ( https://github.com/yj7599/mipairgit ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojung Jang
- grid.410685.e0000 0004 7650 0888Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hyunwook Koh
- grid.410685.e0000 0004 7650 0888Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Won Gu
- grid.410685.e0000 0004 7650 0888Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Byungkon Kang
- grid.410685.e0000 0004 7650 0888Department of Computer Science, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
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Kondo Y, Hashimoto Y, Hamaguchi M, Kaji A, Sakai R, Inoue R, Kashiwagi S, Mizushima K, Uchiyama K, Takagi T, Naito Y, Fukui M. Effects of Smoking on the Gut Microbiota in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224800. [PMID: 36432487 PMCID: PMC9695173 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking affects eating habits; however, few studies on smoking and the gut microbiota have reported the effects of diet in detail. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the association between smoking and the gut microbiota, considering the impact of smoking on dietary intake. Dietary habits and the composition of the gut microbiota were assessed in 195 men with type 2 diabetes (164 non-current smokers and 31 current smokers) using a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of fecal samples. The data were compared according to the current smoking status of the participants. Current smokers had high alcohol and sugar/sweetener intake and low fruit intake. The proportion of the Coprococcus genus was higher among current smokers. Multiple regression analysis adjusted for current smoking, age, exercise habits, alcohol intake, sugar and sweetener intake, and fruit intake showed that smoking was associated with the proportion of the Coprococcus genus. Current smoking was associated with both dietary intake and composition of the gut microbiota. Although dietary intake should be considered when investigating the association between smoking and the gut microbiota, the results suggest that the direct effect of smoking is more significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Kondo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hashimoto
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Moriguchi 570-8540, Japan
| | - Masahide Hamaguchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-75-251-5505; Fax: +81-75-252-3721
| | - Ayumi Kaji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Sakai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Hirakata 573-0101, Japan
| | - Saori Kashiwagi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Katsura Mizushima
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Uchiyama
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Takagi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
- Department for Medical Innovation and Translational Medical Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yuji Naito
- Department of Human Immunology and Nutrition Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Michiaki Fukui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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Sawicka-Gutaj N, Gruszczyński D, Zawalna N, Nijakowski K, Muller I, Karpiński T, Salvi M, Ruchała M. Microbiota Alterations in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13450. [PMID: 36362236 PMCID: PMC9654225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) are chronic autoimmune disorders that cause impaired immunoregulation, leading to specific immune responses against thyroid antigens. Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) are the major forms of AITDs. Increasing evidence suggests a possible role of microbiota alterations in the pathogenesis and progression of AITDs. This systematic review was designed to address the following question: "Is microbiota altered in patients with AITDs?" After screening the selected studies using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 studies were included in this review (in accordance with PRISMA statement guidelines). A meta-analysis revealed that patients with HT showed significantly higher values of diversity indices (except for the Simpson index) and that patients with GD showed significant tendencies toward lower values of all assessed indices compared with healthy subjects. However, the latter demonstrated a higher relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria at the phylum level and thus Prevotella and Bifidobacterium at the genus level, respectively. Thyroid peroxidase antibodies showed the most significant positive and negative correlations between bacterial levels and thyroid functional parameters. In conclusion, significant alterations in the diversity and composition of the intestinal microbiota were observed in both GD and HT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dawid Gruszczyński
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Natalia Zawalna
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kacper Nijakowski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ilaria Muller
- Department of Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Graves’ Orbitopathy Center, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Tomasz Karpiński
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-712 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mario Salvi
- Department of Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Graves’ Orbitopathy Center, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Marek Ruchała
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
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Zhou X, Wang B, Demkowicz PC, Johnson JS, Chen Y, Spakowicz DJ, Zhou Y, Dorsett Y, Chen L, Sodergren E, Kuchel GA, Weinstock GM. Exploratory studies of oral and fecal microbiome in healthy human aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:1002405. [PMID: 36338834 PMCID: PMC9631447 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.1002405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence has linked an altered host fecal microbiome composition with health status, common chronic diseases, and institutionalization in vulnerable older adults. However, fewer studies have described microbiome changes in healthy older adults without major confounding diseases or conditions, and the impact of aging on the microbiome across different body sites remains unknown. Using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, we reconstructed the composition of oral and fecal microbiomes in young (23-32; mean = 25 years old) and older (69-94; mean = 77 years old) healthy community-dwelling research subjects. In both body sites, we identified changes in minor bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) between young and older subjects. However, the composition of the predominant bacterial species of the healthy older group in both microbiomes was not significantly different from that of the young cohort, which suggests that dominant bacterial species are relatively stable with healthy aging. In addition, the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic genera, such as Rothia and Mycoplasma, was enriched in the oral microbiome of the healthy older group relative to the young cohort. We also identified several OTUs with a prevalence above 40% and some were more common in young and others in healthy older adults. Differences with aging varied for oral and fecal samples, which suggests that members of the microbiome may be differentially affected by aging in a tissue-specific fashion. This is the first study to investigate both oral and fecal microbiomes in the context of human aging, and provides new insights into interactions between aging and the microbiome within two different clinically relevant sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Baohong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Patrick C. Demkowicz
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jethro S. Johnson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
- Oxford Centre for Microbiome Studies, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yanfei Chen
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Daniel J. Spakowicz
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Yanjiao Zhou
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Yair Dorsett
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Lei Chen
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Erica Sodergren
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - George A. Kuchel
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
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Huang PJ, Lin SP, Wu CY, Liu YT, Chen HH. Association between a History of herpes zoster and the risk of Sjögren's syndrome: a nationwide, population-based, case-control study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061962. [PMID: 36241353 PMCID: PMC9577888 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Viral infection is an exogenous factor for Sjögren's syndrome (SS). The relationship between herpes zoster infection and the ensuring risk of SS has remained unclear. This study investigated the association between a history of herpes zoster infection and the risk of SS through a nationwide population-based case-control study. DESIGN Retrospective case-control study. SETTING General population of Taiwan. DATA SOURCE 2003-2013 National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS We identified all patients with newly diagnosed SS between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2012 without a history of rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus as the SS group. CONTROLS We randomly selected patients without SS between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2012 and matched 1:5 with controls based on index year, age and sex. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Conditional logistic regression analysis to examine the association between a history of herpes zoster and the risk of SS. RESULTS The study included 5751 patients with SS and 28 755 matched controls. The risk of SS was significantly associated with a history of herpes zoster (model A (adjusted for Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (excluding connective tissue disease, CTD)): OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.71 to 2.08; model B (adjusted for comorbidities used to calculate CCI (excluding CTD)): OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.72 to 2.10), in particular if the interval from the last visit for herpes zoster infection to the index date was <3 months (model A: OR 3.09; 95% CI 2.20 to 4.34; model B: OR 3.13; 95% CI 2.20 to 4.45). Such associations remained robust using various definitions of herpes zoster. CONCLUSION This nationwide, population-based, case-control study revealed a significant association between a history of herpes zoster and the risk of SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Ju Huang
- Department of Family Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Lin
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Infection, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Tze Liu
- Department of Family Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Holistic Wellness, Mingdao University, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Chen
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Science and Rong Hsing Research Centre for Translational Medicine, Big data center, Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Enterprise Information, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Kempski J, Huber S. [Role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases]. INNERE MEDIZIN (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 63:1022-1027. [PMID: 36044059 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-022-01396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are systemic diseases that mainly manifest in the gastrointestinal tract. Due to chronically impaired intestinal homeostasis, they often require permanent and in some cases systemic therapy. The exact causes of IBD are largely unknown. It is postulated that these complex diseases arise in genetically susceptible individuals through a misdirected immune response, promoted by barrier defects, environmental toxins, and the gut microbiome. In this regard, the importance of the microbiome and its pathogenic changes (dysbiosis) in the pathogenesis of IBD is increasingly coming into focus. This review article presents the current state of research on the role of the microbiome in the development of IBD. Therapeutic approaches aimed at correcting intestinal dysbiosis are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kempski
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.
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Świerczewska Z, Lewandowski M, Surowiecka A, Barańska-Rybak W. Microbiome in Hidradenitis Suppurativa—What We Know and Where We Are Heading. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911280. [PMID: 36232581 PMCID: PMC9570026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, interest in the microbiome of cutaneous diseases has increased tremendously. Of particular interest is the gut-brain-skin axis proposed by Stokes and Pillsbury in 1930. The microbiome has been suggested in the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa, however the link between the commensals and the host is yet to be established. Across all studies, the increased abundance of Porphyromonas, Peptoniphilus, and Prevotella spp., and a loss of skin commensal species, such as Cutibacterium in HS lesions, is a consistent finding. The role of gut and blood microbiome in hidradenitis suppurativa has not been fully elucidated. According to studies, the main link with the intestine is based on the increased risk of developing Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, however, further research is highly needed in this area. Lifestyle, dietary approaches, and probiotics all seem to influence the microbiome, hence being a promising modality as adjuvant therapy. The aim of this review was to present the latest reports in the field of research on skin, blood, and gut microbiome in terms of hidradenitis suppurativa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Świerczewska
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 3a, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Miłosz Lewandowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 3a, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Surowiecka
- East Center of Burns Treatment and Reconstructive Surgery, District Hospital in Łęczna, ul. Krasnystawska 52, 21-010 Łęczna, Poland
| | - Wioletta Barańska-Rybak
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence:
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The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis in Psychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911245. [PMID: 36232548 PMCID: PMC9570195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulating the gut microbiome and its influence on human health is the subject of intense research. The gut microbiota could be associated not only with gastroenterological diseases but also with psychiatric disorders. The importance of factors such as stress, mode of delivery, the role of probiotics, circadian clock system, diet, and occupational and environmental exposure in the relationship between the gut microbiota and brain function through bidirectional communication, described as “the microbiome–gut–brain axis”, is especially underlined. In this review, we discuss the link between the intestinal microbiome and the brain and host response involving different pathways between the intestinal microbiota and the nervous system (e.g., neurotransmitters, endocrine system, immunological mechanisms, or bacterial metabolites). We review the microbiota alterations and their results in the development of psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
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47
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Effects of Cigarette Smoke Exposure on the Gut Microbiota and Liver Transcriptome in Mice Reveal Gut–Liver Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911008. [PMID: 36232309 PMCID: PMC9569613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke exposure has a harmful impact on health and increases the risk of disease. However, studies on cigarette-smoke-induced adverse effects from the perspective of the gut–liver axis are lacking. In this study, we evaluated the adverse effects of cigarette smoke exposure on mice through physiological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses and explored cigarette-smoke-induced gut microbiota imbalance and changes in liver gene expression through a multiomics analysis. We demonstrated that cigarette smoke exposure caused abnormal physiological indices (including reduced body weight, blood lipids, and food intake) in mice, which also triggered liver injury and induced disorders of the gut microbiota and liver transcriptome (especially lipid metabolism). A significant correlation between intestinal bacterial abundance and the expression of lipid-metabolism-related genes was detected, suggesting the coordinated regulation of lipid metabolism by gut microbiota and liver metabolism. Specifically, Salmonella (harmful bacterium) was negatively and positively correlated with up- (such as Acsl3 and Me1) and downregulated genes (such as Angptl4, Cyp4a12a, and Plin5) involved in lipid metabolism, while Ligilactobacillus (beneficial bacterium) showed opposite trends with these genes. Our results clarified the key role of gut microbiota in liver damage and metabolism and improved the understanding of gut–liver interactions caused by cigarette smoke exposure.
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A Cohort Study of the Effects of Daily-Diet Water-Soluble Dietary Fiber on Butyric Acid-Producing Gut Microbiota in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in a Rural Region. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091813. [PMID: 36144415 PMCID: PMC9502338 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Water-soluble dietary fiber is primarily a substrate for degradation of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly butyric acid, by gut microbiota. SCFAs have beneficial effects on the whole body. However, epidemiological studies on the association between water-soluble dietary fiber from daily food intake and butyric acid-producing bacteria are inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between levels of water-soluble dietary fiber from daily food intake and gut microbiota, particularly butyric acid producers, in middle-aged and older adults in a rural area in Japan. We examined the effects of water-soluble dietary fiber intake on gut microbiota after adjusting for confounding factors. After propensity score matching, 520 subjects (260 in the low-intake group and 260 in the high-intake group) were selected. One year later after a follow-up survey, we re-classified the participants and again compared low- and high-intake groups. As a result, people with a high intake had a higher relative abundance of butyric acid-producing bacteria. It was also revealed that butyric acid-producing bacteria remained high in the group that maintained high intake the next year. We concluded that continuous intake of water-soluble dietary fiber from daily food is necessary to maintain sufficient amounts of butyric acid-producing bacteria.
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Einfluss des Rauchens auf den Gastrointestinaltrakt. DIE RADIOLOGIE 2022; 62:772-780. [PMID: 35736999 PMCID: PMC9433359 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-022-01017-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hintergrund Nikotin ist ein hochwirksames Suchtgift, das bei regelmäßiger Einnahme chronische oder unheilbare Erkrankungen und somit eine eingeschränkte Lebensqualität zur Folge haben kann. Fragestellung Das Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit besteht darin, mögliche gesundheitliche Folgen des Rauchens auf den Gastrointestinaltrakt aufzuzeigen und einen Überblick über raucherassoziierte neoplastische und nichtneoplastische gastrointestinale Erkrankungen zu geben. Material und Methode Anhand einer ausführlichen Literaturrecherche wird der aktuelle Wissensstand zu raucherassoziierten Folgen auf den Gastrointestinaltrakt dargestellt. Ergebnisse Rauchen ist ein wesentlicher Risikofaktor für die Entstehung neoplastischer und nichtneoplastischer Erkrankungen des gesamten Gastrointestinaltrakts. Diese weisen in der radiologischen Bildgebung allerdings keine spezifischen, raucherassoziierten Merkmale auf. Schlussfolgerung Die Kenntnis einer Raucheranamnese sowie möglicher Auswirkungen von Nikotin auf den Gastrointestinaltrakt können in der radiologischen Bildinterpretation hilfreich sein sowie die diagnostische Entscheidungsfähigkeit und Genauigkeit verbessern.
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The Gut Microbiome among Postmenopausal Latvian Women in Relation to Dietary Habits. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173568. [PMID: 36079824 PMCID: PMC9460340 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many studies have been initiated to characterise the human gut microbiome in relation to different factors like age, lifestyle, and dietary habits. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of yoghurt intake on the gut microbiome among postmenopausal women and how overall dietary habits modulate the gut microbiome. In total, 52 participants were included in the study and two groups—a control (n = 26) and experimental group (n = 26)—were established. The study was eight weeks long. Both study groups were allowed to consume a self-selected diet, but the experimental group had to additionally consume 175 g of plain organic milk yoghurt on a daily basis for eight weeks. In addition, a series of questionnaires were completed, including a questionnaire on the subject’s sociodemographic background, health status, and lifestyle factors, as well as a food frequency questionnaire. Stool samples were collected for the analysis of the gut microbiome (both prior to and after the eight weeks of the study). Sequencing of V4-V5 regions of the 16S rRNA gene was used to determine the bacterial composition of stool samples. The dominant phylum from the gut microbiome was Firmicutes (~70% to 73%), followed by Bacteroidota (~20% to 23%). Although no significant changes in the gut microbiome were related to daily consumption of yoghurt, we report that consumption of food products like grains, grain-based products, milk and milk products, and beverages (tea, coffee) is associated with differences in the composition of the gut microbiome. Establishing nutritional strategies to shape the gut microbiome could contribute to improved health status in postmenopausal women, but further research is needed.
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