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Minehmorad M, Nemati-Vakilabad R, Badpeyma M, Mirzaei A. Examining nurses' understanding and knowledge about preparation for COVID-19 in Ardabil hospitals in Iran. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:312. [PMID: 38454446 PMCID: PMC10921800 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10826-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preparedness of Iranian nurses for potential pandemics. BACKGROUND Nurses play a critical role in managing pandemics. They require adequate training, proper equipment, and organizational support to be well-prepared. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Ardabil, Iran, from July to September 2023, involving 233 nurses from five hospitals. The number of nurses required for each hospital was calculated based on the proportion of nurses in each hospital. Data was collected through a paper-based form that included information about the participants' demographic characteristics and their level of pandemic preparedness in health services. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics to determine the demographic characteristics and levels of pandemic preparedness. Pearson's test was also conducted to establish a relationship between different dimensions of pandemic preparedness. RESULTS Most participants relied on clinical measures and supported using human resources and environmental methods to curb the transmission of a pandemic. They felt assured in their ability to explain the preventive measures against the pandemic. However, fewer respondents had access to healthcare improvement programs, and only a few worked remotely from home. CONCLUSIONS According to our study, 90.1% of nurses believe hand washing is the most effective way to prevent spreading infections. Additionally, healthcare professionals can use various tools to respond to the pandemic, including screening for COVID-19 at work, health and wellness programs, telecommuting, COVID-19 Safe programs, social media, and posters. Nurses need continuous education in hand hygiene, health programs, remote work options, and pandemic-safe programs to control infections, reduce risks, and optimize patient care during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Minehmorad
- Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Reza Nemati-Vakilabad
- Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohammad Badpeyma
- Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Alireza Mirzaei
- Department of Emergency Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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Sultana S, Hossain ME, Khan MA, Saha SM, Amin MR, Haque Prodhan MM. Effects of healthcare spending on public health status: An empirical investigation from Bangladesh. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24268. [PMID: 38234878 PMCID: PMC10792627 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalation of healthcare spending in many nations, particularly in emerging countries such as Bangladesh, may be largely attributed to the growing demand for healthcare services. Evidently, there has been a significant expansion in the public funding allocated to the health sector in Bangladesh, intending to enhance health outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the impact of healthcare expenditure on health outcomes, specifically focusing on the reduction in different mortality rates and the transmission of various infectious diseases. A total of 30 years of data (1990-2019) on the health sector of Bangladesh were collected from different national and international sources. The Vector Autoregression with Exogenous Variables (VARX) model was employed to determine the effects of healthcare expenditure on health outcomes. Results revealed that the per capita health expenditure and the number of doctors showed a significant positive impact on life expectancy and maternal and child health. Also, the government's annual budget on the health sector and number of doctors had a significant positive impact on lowering deaths by Diphtheria, Cholera, Tuberculosis, and Malaria diseases. In order to develop a sustainable healthcare system within the nation, it is imperative for the government to prioritize the allocation of sufficient and effective healthcare funding to cater to the needs of the populace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Sultana
- Department of Agricultural Finance and Banking, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Emran Hossain
- Department of Agricultural Finance and Banking, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
- Department of Economics, University of Religions and Denominations, Qom, Iran
| | - Md. Akhtaruzzaman Khan
- Department of Agricultural Finance and Banking, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sourav Mohan Saha
- Department of Agricultural Finance, Co-operatives and Banking, Khulna Agricultural University, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ruhul Amin
- Department of Agribusiness, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Masudul Haque Prodhan
- Department of Agricultural Finance and Banking, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
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Hammad M, Fardoos S, Arif R, Ghani U, Paudel S, Vardhan K, Basani HBR, Challa S, Khan AZ, Dad Khan A. Knowledge, Attitudes, Anxiety, and Preventive Behaviors Related to COVID-19 Among Healthcare Providers: A Developing Country's Perspective. Cureus 2023; 15:e51026. [PMID: 38264392 PMCID: PMC10804925 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In early 2020, the rapid global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presented healthcare workers (HCWs) with an unprecedented challenge. The constant influx of new information about the virus created knowledge gaps, and the relentless demands of their work schedules left many feeling overwhelmed. This paper explores the knowledge, attitudes, anxiety levels, and preventive behaviors of HCWs in the twin cities of Pakistan, Rawalpindi and Islamabad, related to the COVID-19 pandemic. In the face of this crisis, it is essential to gain insights into the experiences and needs of these frontline heroes. Methodology We conducted a descriptive web-based cross-sectional study among healthcare professionals to delve into the multifaceted aspects of their experiences. This included analyzing sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge levels, attitudes, practices, and the psychological implications of the pandemic. By employing both quantitative and qualitative analysis, we aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of these parameters. Results Out of the 1150 responses collected, it became evident that breathing problems were the most recognized symptom of COVID-19 among HCWs. Impressively, 95.7% of participants believed in the primarily symptomatic nature of treatment, although 37% held the misconception that antibiotics were effective against the virus. Another noteworthy discovery was that 68.2% of HCWs favored testing before initiating treatment, yet a concerning 22.7% of treated patients received no testing. A significant proportion, approximately 19.6%, experienced heightened anxiety levels during the pandemic, leading to an increased frequency of handwashing. In terms of preventive behaviors, a majority of respondents displayed a heightened sense of caution. Nearly 59.1% reported avoiding the use of others' accessories and emphasized not reusing face masks. Furthermore, 84.1% of participants preferred staying at home during quarantine. Conclusion The study reveals the profound impact of COVID-19 on healthcare providers in Pakistan's twin cities, highlighting elevated anxiety levels among most. This underscores the urgent need for mental health support. Beyond physical effects, the pandemic significantly strains their psychological well-being. To address this stress, vital strategies include workload reduction, structured shifts, stressor minimization, and improved knowledge sharing. Cultivating a healthy work environment is equally crucial for healthcare providers' overall well-being. These insights are essential for crafting policies and interventions to better protect and support frontline workers in a developing nation like Pakistan, demonstrating healthcare professionals' resilience and dedication amid unprecedented challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hammad
- Pharmacy, Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University, Islamabad, PAK
- Pharmacy, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University, Islamabad, PAK
- Healthcare Management, School of Business and Management, Riphah International University, Islamabad, PAK
| | - Sadaf Fardoos
- Pharmacy, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, PAK
| | - Rasikh Arif
- Research Department, Al-Shifa Research Centre, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, PAK
| | - Usman Ghani
- Clinical Research, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PAK
| | - Shailes Paudel
- Intensive Care Unit, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, NPL
| | - Krishna Vardhan
- General Medicine, Indira Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, IND
| | - Hima Bindu Reddy Basani
- Graduate Medical Education, Lyceum Northwestern University, Dagupan City, PHL
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Centre, Houston, USA
| | | | - Ali Zeb Khan
- Research Department, Al-Shifa Research Centre, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, PAK
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Alam BF, Almojaibel AA, Aziz Ansari K, Haroon M, Noreen S, Tauqir S, Almas K, Farooqi FA, Ali S. General public awareness, knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 infection and prevention: a cross-sectional study from Pakistan. F1000Res 2023; 10:946. [PMID: 37359251 PMCID: PMC10285421 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.52692.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge, perceptions, and attitude of the public in Pakistan (using social media) towards COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 1120 individuals nationwide. A self-developed, pre-tested questionnaire was used that comprised of sections covering demographic characteristics, medical history, hygiene awareness, COVID-19-related knowledge, and learning attitude. Descriptive statistics were used for frequencies, percentages, averages and standard deviations. Inferential statistics were done using the Student's t-test and ANOVA. Results: The average age of participants was 31 years (range 18-60 years). In total 56 individuals (5%) had completed primary or secondary school education; 448 (40%) were employed (working from home) and 60% were jobless due to the COVID-19 crisis. Almost all the study subjects (1030 (92%)) were washing their hands multiple times a day. A total of 83% had awareness regarding quarantine time, 82% used face masks whenever they left their homes, 98% were aware of the origin of the disease, and 70% had knowledge regarding the most common symptoms of COVID-19. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the current study that female participants had higher level of education, and more awareness regarding the coronavirus. The majority of the participants followed proper hand washing regimes and washed their faces. Further knowledge and awareness should be promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Fatima Alam
- Department of Oral Biology, Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah A. Almojaibel
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Aziz Ansari
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Haroon
- Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sara Noreen
- Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Saman Tauqir
- Department of Physiology, Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Almas
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faraz A. Farooqi
- Department of Dental Education, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Alam BF, Almojaibel AA, Aziz Ansari K, Haroon M, Noreen S, Tauqir S, Almas K, Farooqi FA, Ali S. General public awareness, knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 infection and prevention: a cross-sectional study from Pakistan. F1000Res 2023; 10:946. [PMID: 37359251 PMCID: PMC10285421 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.52692.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge, perceptions, and attitude of the public in Pakistan (using social media) towards COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 1120 individuals nationwide. A self-developed, pre-tested questionnaire was used that comprised of sections covering demographic characteristics, medical history, hygiene awareness, COVID-19-related knowledge, and learning attitude. Descriptive statistics were used for frequencies, percentages, averages and standard deviations. Inferential statistics were done using the Student's t-test and ANOVA. Results: The average age of participants was 31 years (range 18-60 years). In total 56 individuals (5%) had completed primary or secondary school education; 448 (40%) were employed (working from home) and 60% were jobless due to the COVID-19 crisis. Almost all the study subjects (1030 (92%)) were washing their hands multiple times a day. A total of 83% had awareness regarding quarantine time, 82% used face masks whenever they left their homes, 98% were aware of the origin of the disease, and 70% had knowledge regarding the most common symptoms of COVID-19. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the current study that female participants had higher level of education, and more awareness regarding the coronavirus. The majority of the participants followed proper hand washing regimes and washed their faces. Further knowledge and awareness should be promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Fatima Alam
- Department of Oral Biology, Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah A. Almojaibel
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Aziz Ansari
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Haroon
- Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sara Noreen
- Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Saman Tauqir
- Department of Physiology, Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Almas
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faraz A. Farooqi
- Department of Dental Education, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Aljaffary A, Al-Habib A, Al-Awami F, Al-Askari E, Aljaffary R. Assessing the Saudi Population Knowledge, Acceptance, and Perception on the Effectiveness of Following the Safety Precautions During COVID-19 Pandemic. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2023; 16:805-816. [PMID: 37168682 PMCID: PMC10166103 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s400220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become an alarming issue worldwide. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was fast in adopting the safety precaution measures and is considered one of the major countries that place preventive precautions measures to control the spread of the disease. The current study aims to assess the knowledge, effectiveness, and acceptance of the public regarding COVID-19 safety precautions measures: face masks, physical distance, wash hands/use hand sanitizer, and the use of Tawakkalna application as a preventive measure in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods The study design was quantitative cross-sectional using a self-administered questionnaire. Results Of the 400 received responses, the data analysis showed that there was a significant association between knowledge about the safety precaution measures score with nationality and gender with P value less than 0.05. Conclusion The awareness of Saudi citizens of the importance of implementing preventive precautions and their compliance greatly contributed in limiting the virus spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Aljaffary
- Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Afnan Aljaffary, Email
| | - Alaa Al-Habib
- Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Al-Awami
- Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Entesar Al-Askari
- Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan Aljaffary
- Revenue Development department, Saud Al Babtain Cardiac Centre, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Luu MN, Alhady STM, Nguyen Tran MD, Truong LV, Qarawi A, Venkatesh U, Tiwari R, Rocha ICN, Minh LHN, Ravikulan R, Dumre SP, Giang HTN, Pavlenko D, Ali FY, Le BTD, Karimzadeh S, Bhandari P, Shah J, Abdul Aziz JM, Huy NT. Evaluation of risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Curr Med Res Opin 2022; 38:2021-2028. [PMID: 36106710 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2125258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Since there is not enough evidence of risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, this study aimed to evaluate them. METHODS This survey-based study was conducted across 66 countries from May to November 2020 among suspected and confirmed individuals with COVID-19. The stepwise AIC method was utilized to determine the optimal multivariable logistic regression to explore predictive factors of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. RESULTS Among 2372 respondents who participated in the study, there were 1172 valid responses. The profession of non-healthcare-worker (OR: 1.77, 95%CI: 1.04-3.00, p = .032), history of SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV infection (OR: 4.78, 95%CI: 2.34-9.63, p < .001), higher frequency of contact with colleagues (OR: 1.17, 95%CI: 1.01-1.37, p = .041), and habit of hugging when greeting (OR: 1.25, 95%CI: 1.00-1.56, p = .049) were associated with an increased risk of contracting COVID-19. Current smokers had a lower likelihood of having COVID-19 compared to former smokers (OR: 5.41, 95%CI: 1.93-17.49, p = .002) or non-smokers (OR: 3.69, 95%CI: 1.48-11.11, p = .01). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests several risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission including the profession of non-healthcare workers, history of other coronavirus infections, frequent close contact with colleagues, the habit of hugging when greeting, and smoking status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Ngoc Luu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Minh Duc Nguyen Tran
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Le Van Truong
- Ministry of the Public Security, Traditional Medicine Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - U Venkatesh
- Department of Community Medicine & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, India
| | - Ranjit Tiwari
- B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | | | - Le Huu Nhat Minh
- International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Dmytro Pavlenko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Bao-Tran Do Le
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sedighe Karimzadeh
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Online Research Club, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Parshal Bhandari
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, PGMI/Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jaffer Shah
- New York State Department of Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeza Muhamad Abdul Aziz
- Baxshin research center, Baxshin Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Ara J, Islam MS, Quader MTU, Das A, Hasib FMY, Islam MS, Rahman T, Das S, Chowdhury MAH, Das GB, Chowdhury S. Seroprevalence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Chattogram Metropolitan Area, Bangladesh. Antibodies (Basel) 2022; 11:antib11040069. [PMID: 36412835 PMCID: PMC9680400 DOI: 10.3390/antib11040069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Seroprevalence studies of COVID-19 are used to assess the degree of undetected transmission in the community and different groups such as health care workers (HCWs) are deemed vulnerable due to their workplace hazards. The present study estimated the seroprevalence and quantified the titer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody (IgG) and its association with different factors. This cross-sectional study observed HCWs, in indoor and outdoor patients (non-COVID-19) and garment workers in the Chattogram metropolitan area (CMA, N = 748) from six hospitals and two garment factories. Qualitative and quantitative ELISA were used to identify and quantify antibodies (IgG) in the serum samples. Descriptive, univariable, and multivariable statistical analysis were performed. Overall seroprevalence and among HCWs, in indoor and outdoor patients, and garment workers were 66.99% (95% CI: 63.40-70.40%), 68.99% (95% CI: 63.8-73.7%), 81.37% (95% CI: 74.7-86.7%), and 50.56% (95% CI: 43.5-57.5%), respectively. Seroprevalence and mean titer was 44.47% (95% CI: 38.6-50.4%) and 53.71 DU/mL in the non-vaccinated population, respectively, while it was higher in the population who received a first dose (61.66%, 95% CI: 54.8-68.0%, 159.08 DU/mL) and both doses (100%, 95% CI: 98.4-100%, 255.46 DU/mL). This study emphasizes the role of vaccine in antibody production; the second dose of vaccine significantly increased the seroprevalence and titer and both were low in natural infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahan Ara
- One Health Institute, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sirazul Islam
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
- COVID-19 Detection Laboratory, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tarek Ul Quader
- Department of Anesthesiology and ICU, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chattogram 4203, Bangladesh
| | - Anan Das
- One Health Institute, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - F. M. Yasir Hasib
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mohammad Saiful Islam
- Department of Emergency and Accident, Imperial Hospital Limited, Chattogram 4202, Bangladesh
| | - Tazrina Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Chittagong Medical College, Chattogram 4203, Bangladesh
| | - Seemanta Das
- One Health Institute, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | | | - Goutam Buddha Das
- COVID-19 Detection Laboratory, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
- Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Sharmin Chowdhury
- One Health Institute, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
- COVID-19 Detection Laboratory, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
- Correspondence:
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Aluneizi AF, Alosaimi DN. Assessment of Awareness and Preparedness About COVID-19 for Oncology Nurses in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2022; 14:e28461. [PMID: 36176878 PMCID: PMC9511676 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Bumyut A, Thanapop S, Suwankhong D. Exploring Readiness towards Effective Implementation of Safety and Health Measures for COVID-19 Prevention in Nakhon-Si-Thammarat Community-Based Tourism of Southern Thailand. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10049. [PMID: 36011683 PMCID: PMC9407971 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thailand's community-based tourism (CBT) faces a challenging adaptation in response to COVID-19 prevention. This study aimed to assess the readiness for effective implementation of the Safety and Health Administration (SHA) for COVID-19 prevention in the tourism community. A qualitative approach was adopted for this study. Three communities covering all types of CBT in Nakhon-Si-Thammarat province, southern Thailand were purposively chosen. Fifteen key informants were invited to participate in the study. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted, and the data were analysed using the thematic analysis method. The readiness stage was assigned by consensual comprehensive scores. The overall readiness of CBT is pre-planning stage, a clear recognition of the SHA benefit, and there are sufficient resources for implementation. At this stage, there is no planning because the business owners feel that they have inadequate knowledge about the SHA protocol. Another main barrier is having limited accessibility for SHA information which mainly provides through with technology platform. The CBT owner needs to improve public health-based knowledge, technology and cooperation skills to operate SHA efficiently. However, in order to embed SHA to the CBT, tourism and public health organisation should provide suitable methods at the initiation stage by considering the community readiness and need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apirak Bumyut
- Department of Environmental Health and Technology, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Thasala 80160, Na Khon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Sasithorn Thanapop
- Department of Community Public Health, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Thasala 80160, Na Khon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Dusanee Suwankhong
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Thaksin University, Pa Phayom 93210, Phatthalung, Thailand
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Özer Ö, Özkan O, Büyükşirin B. Examination of Pandemic Awareness, Death Anxiety, and Spiritual Well-Being in Elderly Individuals. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2022:302228221120122. [PMID: 35968726 PMCID: PMC9379591 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221120122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the relationships between the variables of pandemic awareness, death anxiety, and spiritual well-being and reveal whether the participants' perceptions of pandemic awareness, death anxiety, and spiritual well-being differed according to various sociodemographic characteristics. The study population is comprised of individuals aged 65 years and over in Edirne, Turkey. The data obtained from 449 people in the study were analyzed using various statistical methods. According to the results of the regression analysis performed in the study, the increase in the participants' pandemic awareness was found to reduce their death anxiety and increase their spiritual well-being statistically. Moreover, the increase in the participants' death anxiety statistically reduced their spiritual well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Özer
- Department of Healthcare
Management, University of Health Sciences
Turkey, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Okan Özkan
- Department of Healthcare
Management, University of Health Sciences
Turkey, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bilge Büyükşirin
- Department of Healthcare
Management, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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Assiry A, Alshahrani S, Banji D, Banji OJF, Syed NK, Alqahtani SS. Public Awareness of Chronic Kidney Disease in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia-A Cross-Sectional Survey. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:1377. [PMID: 35893199 PMCID: PMC9330694 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10081377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a significant public health concern worldwide and many people continue to ignore their early warning symptoms. The present study assessed the level of knowledge about CKD the awareness of the risk factors and the awareness of the complications associated with CKD, among the general population of Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia. 440 residents of Jazan Province participated in an online cross-sectional survey during a seven-month period from November (2020) to July (2021). Data was collected using a validated 73-item self-report survey. More than half of the respondents were males (n = 286; 65%) with an age ranging from 18 to 59 years, and a mean age of 32.66 years (SD ± 10.83). A very low percentage of the sample (27.3%; 7.5%, 9.3%) demonstrated good knowledge, a high level of awareness of the risk factors, and a high level of awareness of the complications associated with CKD, respectively. Participants’ knowledge was significantly associated with being a student or being employed (Government/private employee) (χ2 = 29.90; p < 0.001), having completed graduate studies (χ2 = 63.86; p < 0.001), residing in urban areas (χ2 = 138.62; p < 0.001), belonging to the age group (18−39 years), and having no co-morbidities (χ2 = 24.55; p < 0.001). Positive and significant correlations were also noted between the knowledge score and the awareness of risk factor score (r = 0.42; p < 0.01), as well as the awareness of complications score (r = 0.25; p < 0.01). These findings warrant an urgent need for extensive CKD educational initiatives concentrating on improving the general knowledge and awareness of the public towards CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Assiry
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (D.B.)
- Mohayil Hospital, Health Affairs of Aseer, Abha 62523, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (D.B.)
| | - David Banji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (D.B.)
| | - Otilia J. F. Banji
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (O.J.F.B.); (N.K.S.); (S.S.A.)
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabeel Kashan Syed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (O.J.F.B.); (N.K.S.); (S.S.A.)
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad S. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (O.J.F.B.); (N.K.S.); (S.S.A.)
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Xin TY, Rajiah K, Maharajan MK. Emergency Preparedness for the COVID-19 Pandemic: Social Determinants Predicting the Community Pharmacists’ Preparedness and Perceived Response in Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148762. [PMID: 35886614 PMCID: PMC9315557 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Pandemic preparedness of healthcare providers helps to mitigate future threats such as spread and fatality rates, as well as the management of the disease. Pharmacists are key partners with public health agencies, and the role of community pharmacists is becoming increasingly recognised in this COVID-19 pandemic. The study aimed to explore the emergency preparedness of community pharmacists (CPs) for COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among community pharmacists using cluster sampling followed by convenient sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was formulated using references from the previous literature and the WHO preparedness checklist. Descriptive analysis was undertaken for the participants’ socio-demographic characteristics. All the data collected were entered into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24 (SPSS V.24), (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) for analysis. Results: Most of the CPs had five or fewer years of practice experience, and they had all the mandatory information relating to the needs of their communities regarding the disease. The participants knew where to acquire these resources whenever needed. They were able to recognise the signs and symptoms of the disease. Most participants felt that they were confident to provide patient education and carry out their duties during these challenging times. There was a strong position correlation between preparedness and the perceived response of the participants. Conclusion: The community pharmacists in Malaysia are prepared enough for COVID-19 pandemic management and perceive that they can respond during any unprecedented situations, such as COVID-19. Community pharmacists were aware of the challenges that they need to face in their community regarding COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Yu Xin
- Master in Pharmacy Practice, School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Kingston Rajiah
- GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM Deemed University, Hyderabad 502329, India
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (M.K.M.)
| | - Mari Kannan Maharajan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (M.K.M.)
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Fawzy MS, AlSadrah SA. COVID-19 and Saudi Arabia: Awareness, Attitude, and Practice. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:1595-1618. [PMID: 35923154 PMCID: PMC9341353 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s373007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has transformed our appreciation of healthcare awareness worldwide. The amount of related data accumulated during this time has surpassed any other outbreak of a viral pathogen. Healthcare awareness is related to one of the nine pillars of the “World health organization (WHO) operational planning guidelines to support country preparedness and response”. This review is structured around the awareness/knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP)-related publications in Saudi Arabia up to date to understand the impact of COVID-19 on these domains. The excellent communication effort response from governments, international, and individuals to keep the public informed about the outbreak is highlighted. Unraveling such impacts on the Saudi communities, including healthcare workers (HCWs)/professionals (HCPs), students, patients with different diseases, and non-professional individuals, is essential in containing the outbreak and planning preventive measures in case of future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, 1321, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: Manal S Fawzy, Tel +201008584720, Fax +20641326496, Email
| | - Sana A AlSadrah
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Governmental Hospital Khobar, Health Centers in Khobar, Ministry of Health, Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia
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Evaluating Nursing Staff Perception of Hospital Readiness for Continuity of Essential Health Care Services and Surge Capacity in Line With COVID-19. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2022; 17:e160. [PMID: 35514151 PMCID: PMC9300964 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2022.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate nursing staff' perception of hospital readiness for continuity of essential health care services and surge capacity in line with COVID-19. METHODS A total of 300 nurses were recruited from one hospital in Saudi Arabia. They completed self-administered, online questionnaires. The questionnaire assessed participants' socio-demographic data and their perceptions regarding hospital readiness for continuity of essential health care services and surge capacity in line with COVID-19. RESULTS The findings revealed that nursing staff had a moderate mean score regarding hospital readiness for continuity of health care services (3.89 ± 0.61) and an average mean value regarding surge capacity of 3.83 ± 0.63. Also, the value of R2 of surge capacity in healthcare can predict 82.9% of the variance in hospital readiness for continuity of health care services in terms of surge capacity. CONCLUSION Hospital administrators could propose hospital regulations and protocols for the management of confirmed and suspected COVID-19 patients in addition to designing a continuing education program for health professionals at all levels related to prevention, control, and management of COVID-19 suspected and confirmed patients.
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The Effect of Socio-Demographic Factors in Health-Seeking Behaviors among Bangladeshi Residents during the First Wave of COVID-19. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10030483. [PMID: 35326961 PMCID: PMC8949002 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10030483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Socio-demographic variability among nations and cultures highly influences health-seeking behavior (HSB) in managing endemic or pandemic diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of socio-demographic factors on HSB among Bangladeshi residents during the first wave of COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was performed with Bangladeshi residents (60% male and 40% female; age range: 10−60 years or above) from May to July 2020. Information was collected from the participants who resided in slum areas or did not have internet access through face-to-face surveys, maintaining spatial distancing and proper preventive measures. A self-reported and structured questionnaire, including socio-demographic and HSB, was undertaken, and the data was analyzed using a convenience sampling method. Finally, among the 947 participants, 20 were selected using a stratified random sampling technique for in-depth-interview (IDI). The linear regression analysis was performed to determine the influence of socio-demographic factors on HSB. Results: Only about 4.2% of respondents did not wear masks, but nearly half of the participants (46.6%) did not use hand gloves. The mean score of HSB was 9.98 (SD = 2.01) out of 16, with a correct overall rate of 62.4%. As per regression analysis, higher HSBs were found among participants who reported older age (>50 years) (9.96 ± 2.45), educated unemployed students (10.1 ± 1.95), higher education (10.5 ± 1.76), and higher-income (10.4 ± 1.59); in contrast, participants living in slum areas (8.18 ± 2.34) and whose source of income was business (8.46 ± 2.04) exhibited lower HSBs. Females, compared to men, showed better HSB in every aspect, apart from online food ordering. Qualitative data showed that the younger generation is more aware because of their access to information and persuaded the older generations to follow health-seeking protocols. The results also showed that some lower-income slum-dwellers have access to information and healthcare through their employers. IDIs also found cultural, religious, and mental-health affect people’s adherence to health-seeking guidelines and regulations. Conclusions: The findings suggest that socio-demographic factors significantly influenced HSBs during COVID-19 in the Bangladeshi population. Authorities can use these observations to systematically manage future endemics or pandemics.
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Chahouri A, Elouahmani N, Ouchene H. Recent progress in marine noise pollution: A thorough review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132983. [PMID: 34801565 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The increase in urbanization and the progressive development of marine industries have led to the appearance of a new kind of pollution called "noise pollution". This pollution exerts an increasing pressure on marine mammals, fish species, and invertebrates, which constitutes a new debate that must be controlled in a sustainable way by environmental and noise approaches with the objective of preserving marine and human life. Despite, noise pollution can travel long distances underwater, cover large areas, and have secondary effects on marine animals; by masking their ability to hear their prey or predators, finding their way, or connecting group members. During the COVID-19 pandemic, except for the transportation of essential goods and emergency services, all the public transport services were suspended including aircraft and ships. This lockdown has impacted positively on the marine environment through reduction of the noise sources. In this article, we are interested in noise pollution in general, its sources, impacts, and the management and future actions to follow. And since this pollution is not studied in Morocco, we focused on the different sources that can generate it on the Moroccan coasts. This is the first review article, which focuses on the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on this type of pollution in the marine environment; which we aim to identify the impact of this pandemic on underwater noise and marine species. Finally, and given the increase in noise levels, preventive management, both at the national and international level, is required before irreversible damage is caused to biodiversity and the marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Chahouri
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
| | - Nadia Elouahmani
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Hanan Ouchene
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
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Wayessa ZJ, Wako WG. Factors associated with knowledge of health care workers toward COVID-19 in health facilities West Guji zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2020. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2022; 11:43. [PMID: 35372620 PMCID: PMC8974875 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_586_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus pandemic puts healthcare workers (HCWs) at high risk and challenges the abilities of healthcare systems to respond to the crisis. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge of HCWs and associated factors in West Guji zone public health facilities in southern Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A health facility-based quantitative cross-sectional study was undertaken from June 10 to July 10, 2020. Two hundred and eighty-three HCWs were involved in the study using a systematic sampling method. The instrument was pretested on 5% of the sample in Yabello Hospital. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS The HCW who had good knowledge was 84.7%. HCWs who had degree holders, masters and above holders, work experience of 2-4 years, and >4 years of experiences, had training on Coronavirus, and medical diseases were significantly associated with good knowledge of Coronavirus. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that HCWs' knowledge about the Coronavirus was good. Improving the educational status of HCWs and giving updated training on the Coronavirus will improve HCW's knowledge of the Coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelalem Jabessa Wayessa
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
| | - Wako Golicha Wako
- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
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Khanam L, Sorwar G, Mahfuz MA. Antecedents of self-protective behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. WHO South East Asia J Public Health 2022; 11:32-41. [PMID: 36308271 DOI: 10.4103/who-seajph.who-seajph_172_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Self-protective behavior (SPB) plays a significant role in controlling the spread of infection of a pandemic like coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Little research has been conducted to examine critical factors influencing SPB, especially in a developing country like Bangladesh. AIMS This study aimed to develop and test a theoretical model based on the extended information-motivation-behavior (IMB) skills model to investigate factors associated with SPB among Bangladeshi people. METHODS An online, cross-sectional survey was conducted on Bangladesh citizens (18 years and older) from June 1 and July 31, 2020. A total of 459 responses were used to assess the proposed model's overall fit and test the hypothesized relationships among the model constructs. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED The data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling to identify relationships among model variables. RESULTS Health information-seeking behavior, health motivation, self-efficacy, and health consciousness (HC) (P < 0.05) had a significant impact on SPB among Bangladeshi people. The results identified the consequences of various degrees of HC on SPB in the COVID-19 outbreak. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the IMB model's applicability for analyzing SPB among people in developing countries like Bangladesh. The findings of this study could guide policymakers to develop and implement targeted strategies to ensure timely and transparent information for motivating people to improve SPB during the COVID-19 and in case of a future outbreak of an epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Khanam
- Department of Management, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Golam Sorwar
- School of Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Bilinga, Australia
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Iblasi AS, Aungsuroch Y, Gunawan J, Gede Juanamasta I, Carver C. Repositioning Practice of Bedridden Patients: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis. SAGE Open Nurs 2022; 8:23779608221106443. [PMID: 35720208 PMCID: PMC9201313 DOI: 10.1177/23779608221106443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Repositioning practice is an essential pressure ulcer prevention intervention that has emerged in the history of nursing. Numerous terms are employed to indicate its meaning, such as turning, positioning, or posturing. However, there is no available analysis that distinguishes these terms or analyzes repositioning practice attributes. Objective To analyze repositioning practice as a concept of bedridden patients in hospitals by combining methods from Foucault's archeology of knowledge and Rodger's concept analysis. Concept Description Repositioning practice passes through three eras: classical, modern, and research. The repositioning practice is “turn a bedridden patient in a harmonized way and ends with anchor and documentation.” The analysis concludes seven attributes for the repositioning practice: pre-turn, assessment, turn, harmonization, anchor, documentation, and time. The analysis assumes bedridden patients, and assigned nurses on duty are the antecedents. Moreover, the main consequence is pressure ulcer prevention, while patient safety and quality of care are the secondary consequences. Discussion Repositioning practice understanding has grown with time. Each era has added to or removed from nursing's understanding for repositioning practice until it appears as it now. The current analysis expects further development in repositioning practice understanding and applications. Conclusion Repositioning practice is an important nursing intervention and has shown a dynamic movement over history. It is expected that this dynamic will continue in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joko Gunawan
- Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok, Thailand
| | - I. Gede Juanamasta
- Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok, Thailand
- Nursing Program, STIKes Wira Medika Bali, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
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Alrajhi AM, Hussain WAH, Rafie BA, Taj M, Elgarf AM. Knowledge and awareness of COVID-19 epidemic preparedness and response among health care workers in Makkah city. Ther Adv Infect Dis 2022; 9:20499361221079452. [PMID: 35281764 PMCID: PMC8915238 DOI: 10.1177/20499361221079452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study determined and examined the knowledge and awareness of COVID-19 pandemic preparedness and response measures by health care workers (HCWs) in Makkah city. Methods: This descriptive study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. A survey (questionnaire) collected data from 251 HCWs working in 10 hospitals and 80 health care centers. Results: The total score for the knowledge level was high (range: 50–76, mean ± SD = 65.370 ± 4.805). There was a relationship between the participants’ workplace and education levels to the nature of the disease (p = 0.009*, 0.037*, respectively). Job descriptions were related to the transmission of the disease (p = 0.003*). The participants’ age groups and years of experience were also associated with their actions in suspected, probable, and confirmed cases (p = 0.015*, 0.03*, respectively). The HCWs’ knowledge of precautionary measures was not related to their demographic data, except for the education level shown (p = 0.037*). Discussion: A similar level of knowledge and awareness was detected in Saudi Arabia in Riyadh and Al-Jouf, the UAE, Vietnam, and Uganda. Further study is recommended to measure the factors affecting HCWs’ knowledge and awareness during an epidemic situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asrar Mansoor Alrajhi
- Senior Specialist in Emergency and Disaster Nursing Management, Executive Administration of Quality and Patient Safety, Makkah Healthcare Cluster, Ministry of Health, Makkah 7853, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Abdul-Halim Hussain
- Consultant Rheumatology, Hospital Director of Hera General Hospital at Makkah Healthcare Cluster, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah Amin Rafie
- Consultant Surgeon, Chief Medical Officer at Makkah Healthcare Cluster, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehar Taj
- Risk Manager in Quality and Patient Safety Department at Hera General Hospital, Makkah Healthcare Cluster, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Jahan A, Mohamed M, Alabani E, Almaziq A, Elarriesh H, Alagelli F, Alhadar F, Ben Tahir K, Berrah H, Abudabbous M, Hamouda W, Albahloul N, Elzoubia J, Dier A. Awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to COVID-19 in Libya: a nation-wide online survey. Pan Afr Med J 2022; 40:156. [PMID: 34970398 PMCID: PMC8683462 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.156.29455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak to be a global pandemic in March 2020. However, the pandemic cannot be ended overnight and more social distancing and other self-care measures are needed to protect our communities. Therefore, people´s awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and appropriate behaviors are instrumental to containing the pandemic. The aim of this study was to determine COVID-19 awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and related behaviors in Libya. Methods a cross-sectional online survey was conducted from October 10th to November 10th, 2020 in 24 cities in Libya. The participants were non-medical professionals who were living in Libya for at least 2 years and were at least 18 years old. Results a total of 1018 participants completed the questionnaire, with ages ranging from 18-74 years (Mean ± SD = 33.49±13.24); nearly two-thirds were < 40, and 68.2% were females. Almost half of the participants considered the potential threat of COVID-19 to be low, and one in five reported that they were “Not worried at all” about getting COVID-19. In multivariate analyses, participants who were 40-49 years old, had master´s degrees or higher, and worked in the private sector reflected high mean scores for both knowledge and attitudes, while those who lived in the Eastern or Southern regions had lower mean attitude scores. Conclusion the low levels of awareness as well as the attitudes and behaviors among the public in Libya are worrisome. This study highlighted profound gaps that may put Libyan communities at high risk of a COVID-19 explosion. Therefore, immediate action is needed to address public awareness and attitudes and to improve COVID-19 related behaviors among the Libyan public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alhadi Jahan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Marwa Mohamed
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Eman Alabani
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Misrata, Misrata, Libya
| | - Aymaan Almaziq
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Misrata, Misrata, Libya
| | - Huda Elarriesh
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Misrata, Misrata, Libya
| | - Fatma Alagelli
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Farag Alhadar
- Faculty of Medicine, Almergeb University, Al-Khums, Libya
| | | | - Hazar Berrah
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Misrata, Misrata, Libya
| | | | - Wedad Hamouda
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Misrata, Misrata, Libya
| | | | - Joma Elzoubia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Misrata, Misrata, Libya
| | - Amal Dier
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
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Chavda VP, Vuppu S, Mishra T, Kamaraj S, Patel AB, Sharma N, Chen ZS. Recent review of COVID-19 management: diagnosis, treatment and vaccination. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:1120-1148. [PMID: 36214969 PMCID: PMC9549062 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00425-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The idiopathic Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has reached global proportions; the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it as a public health emergency during the month of January 30, 2020. The major causes of the rise of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 are genetic mutations and recombination. Some of the variants with high infection and transmission rates are termed as variants of concern (VOCs) like currently Omicron variants. Pregnant women, aged people, and immunosuppressed and compromised patients constitute the most susceptible human population to the SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially to the new evolving VOCs. To effectively manage the pathological condition of infection, the focus should be directed towards prevention and prophylactic approach. In this narrative review, we aimed to analyze the current scenario of COVID-19 management and discuss the treatment and prevention strategies. We also focused on the complications prevalent during the COVID-19 and post-COVID period and to discuss the novel approaches developed for mitigation of the global pandemic. We have also emphasized on the COVID-19 management approaches for the special population including children, pregnant women, aged groups, and immunocompromised patients. We conclude that the advancements in therapeutic and pharmacological domains have provided opportunities to develop and design novel diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies. New advanced techniques such as RT-LAMP, RT-qPCR, High-Resolution Computed Tomography, etc., efficiently diagnose patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the case of treatment options, new drugs like paxlovid, combinations of β-lactum drugs and molnupiravir are found to be effective against even the new emerging variants. In addition, vaccination is an essential approach to prevent the infection or to reduce its severity. Vaccines for against COVID-19 from Comirnaty by Pfizer-BioNTech, SpikeVax by Moderna, and Vaxzevria by Oxford-AstraZeneca are approved and used widely. Similarly, numerous vaccines have been developed with different percentages of effectiveness against VOCs. New developments like nanotechnology and AI can be beneficial in providing an efficient and reliable solution for the suppression of SARS-CoV-2. Public health concerns can be efficiently treated by a unified scientific approach, public engagement, and better diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P. Chavda
- grid.419037.80000 0004 1765 7930Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L M College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009 Gujarat India
| | - Suneetha Vuppu
- grid.412813.d0000 0001 0687 4946Department of Biotechnology, Science, Innovation, and Society Research Lab 115, Hexagon (SMV), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Toshika Mishra
- grid.412813.d0000 0001 0687 4946Department of Biotechnology, Science, Innovation, and Society Research Lab 115, Hexagon (SMV), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sathvika Kamaraj
- grid.412813.d0000 0001 0687 4946Department of Biotechnology, Science, Innovation, and Society Research Lab 115, Hexagon (SMV), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Aayushi B. Patel
- grid.419037.80000 0004 1765 7930Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L M College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009 Gujarat India
| | - Nikita Sharma
- grid.412813.d0000 0001 0687 4946Department of Biotechnology, Science, Innovation, and Society Research Lab 115, Hexagon (SMV), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- grid.264091.80000 0001 1954 7928Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, New York, NY 11439 USA
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El-Gilany AH, Sameh E, Abou-ElWafa H. Challenges of COVID–19 prevention and control: A narrative review. JOURNAL OF ACUTE DISEASE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2221-6189.355309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Huy NT, Chico RM, Huan VT, Shaikhkhalil HW, Uyen VNT, Qarawi ATA, Alhady STM, Vuong NL, Truong LV, Luu MN, Dumre SP, Imoto A, Lee PN, Tam DNH, Ng SJ, Hashan MR, Matsui M, Duc NTM, Karimzadeh S, Koonrungsesomboon N, Smith C, Cox S, Moji K, Hirayama K, Linh LK, Abbas KS, Dung TNT, Mohammed Ali AL-Ahdal T, Balogun EO, Duy NT, Mohamed Eltaras M, Huynh T, Hue NTL, Khue BD, Gad A, Tawfik GM, Kubota K, Nguyen HM, Pavlenko D, Trang VTT, Vu LT, Hai Yen T, Yen-Xuan NT, Trang LT, Dong V, Sharma A, Dat VQ, Soliman M, Abdul Aziz J, Shah J, Hung PDL, Jee YS, Phuong DTH, Quynh TTH, Giang HTN, Huynh VTN, Thi NA, Dhouibi N, Phan T, Duru V, Nam NH, Ghozy S. Awareness and preparedness of healthcare workers against the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey across 57 countries. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258348. [PMID: 34936646 PMCID: PMC8694437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, there have been concerns related to the preparedness of healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to describe the level of awareness and preparedness of hospital HCWs at the time of the first wave. METHODS This multinational, multicenter, cross-sectional survey was conducted among hospital HCWs from February to May 2020. We used a hierarchical logistic regression multivariate analysis to adjust the influence of variables based on awareness and preparedness. We then used association rule mining to identify relationships between HCW confidence in handling suspected COVID-19 patients and prior COVID-19 case-management training. RESULTS We surveyed 24,653 HCWs from 371 hospitals across 57 countries and received 17,302 responses from 70.2% HCWs overall. The median COVID-19 preparedness score was 11.0 (interquartile range [IQR] = 6.0-14.0) and the median awareness score was 29.6 (IQR = 26.6-32.6). HCWs at COVID-19 designated facilities with previous outbreak experience, or HCWs who were trained for dealing with the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, had significantly higher levels of preparedness and awareness (p<0.001). Association rule mining suggests that nurses and doctors who had a 'great-extent-of-confidence' in handling suspected COVID-19 patients had participated in COVID-19 training courses. Male participants (mean difference = 0.34; 95% CI = 0.22, 0.46; p<0.001) and nurses (mean difference = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.53, 0.81; p<0.001) had higher preparedness scores compared to women participants and doctors. INTERPRETATION There was an unsurprising high level of awareness and preparedness among HCWs who participated in COVID-19 training courses. However, disparity existed along the lines of gender and type of HCW. It is unknown whether the difference in COVID-19 preparedness that we detected early in the pandemic may have translated into disproportionate SARS-CoV-2 burden of disease by gender or HCW type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Tien Huy
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- * E-mail: (NTH); (RMC)
| | - R. Matthew Chico
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (NTH); (RMC)
| | - Vuong Thanh Huan
- Faculty of Medicine, Pham Ngoc Thach University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Vuong Ngoc Thao Uyen
- School of Biotechnology, International University—Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Nguyen Lam Vuong
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Le Van Truong
- Traditional Medicine Hospital of Ministry of Public Security, Vietnam
| | - Mai Ngoc Luu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Shyam Prakash Dumre
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Atsuko Imoto
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Peter N. Lee
- P.N. Lee Statistics and Computing Ltd., Sutton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sze Jia Ng
- Hospital Enche’ Besar Hajjah Khalsom, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Rashidul Hashan
- Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh—Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mitsuaki Matsui
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Nguyen Tran Minh Duc
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Sedighe Karimzadeh
- School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Nut Koonrungsesomboon
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chris Smith
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Cox
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kazuhiko Moji
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kenji Hirayama
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Le Khac Linh
- VinUniversity, College of Health Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Tran Nu Thuy Dung
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tareq Mohammed Ali AL-Ahdal
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Ar-Ramtha, Jordan
| | - Emmanuel Oluwadare Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry and African Center of Excellence on Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Nguyen The Duy
- Department of Gyn. Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Trang Huynh
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Bui Diem Khue
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Hoang-Minh Nguyen
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Le Thuong Vu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Hai Yen
- School of Biotechnology, International University—Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Vinh Dong
- American University of the Caribbean, Cupe Coy, Saint Maarten, United States of America
| | - Akash Sharma
- University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Vu Quoc Dat
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Jeza Abdul Aziz
- Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, University of Human Development, Kurdistan Region, Sulaimani, Iraq
- Baxshin Research Training Organization, Baxshin Hospital, Kurdistan Region, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Jaffer Shah
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Pham Dinh Long Hung
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yap Siang Jee
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Dang Thuy Ha Phuong
- Center for Biomedical Research, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Vietnam
| | | | - Hoang Thi Nam Giang
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Da Nang, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Nacir Dhouibi
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Truc Phan
- Vinmec International Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vincent Duru
- Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Nguyen Hai Nam
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sherief Ghozy
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Ahmed Sayed A, Mostafa Ahmed M, Talaat Elsayed I, Saeed S, Inas A, Nouran E, Samar F. Preparedness and attitude toward personal protective equipment among house officers during COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021; 43:754-762. [PMID: 33765145 PMCID: PMC8083722 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdab078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) struck the world by surprise by the rising numbers that required prompt governmental and hospital staff reaction to the ongoing crisis. A robust preparedness and personal protective equipment (PPE) were yet to be regarded as our best plan. Methods A survey study was conducted on 254 Egyptian house officers using an anonymous web-based questionnaire that was filled using Google Forms after obtaining online informed consent. Results The mean age of the participants was 25 years. Only 28.74% of the house officers were categorized as having a good preparedness, while 85.83% of them have a good PPE attitude. The preparedness and willingness were significantly associated with the overall worry related to the pandemic (P value = 0.012). Fear of contracting COVID-19 infection negatively affected their preparedness by 60% (odds ratio (OR) 0.40, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.17–0.93, P value = 0.034). The House officers with family members at-risk for severe COVID-19 were less likely to be prepared and willing by 70% (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.15–0.60, P value = 0.001). The house officers with good preparedness and willingness to deal with COVID-19 seemed to have a good PPE attitude (OR 11.48, 95% CI 2.43-54.34, P value = 0.002). Conclusion A significant number of house officers expressed low levels of preparedness, while most of them have a good PPE attitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Ahmed Sayed
- Cairo University Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Family Medicine, Egypt
| | | | | | - Soliman Saeed
- Cairo University Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Family Medicine, Egypt
| | - Alsallout Inas
- Cairo University Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Family Medicine, Egypt
| | - Elfazary Nouran
- Cairo University Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Family Medicine, Egypt
| | - Fares Samar
- Cairo University Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Family Medicine, Egypt
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Vitorino LM, Sousa LMM, Trzesniak C, de Sousa Valentim OM, Yoshinari Júnior GH, José HMG, Lucchetti G. Mental health, quality of life and optimism during the covid-19 pandemic: a comparison between Brazil and Portugal. Qual Life Res 2021; 31:1775-1787. [PMID: 34750723 PMCID: PMC8574942 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-03031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although there have been numerous studies investigating the mental health of individuals during the pandemic, a comparison between countries is still scarce in the literature. To explore this gap, the present study aimed to compare the mental health (i.e., anxiety and depression), quality of life (QoL), and optimism/pessimism among individuals from Brazil and Portugal during the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated factors. METHOD A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and Portugal. Data collection was carried out between May and June 2020, using an online form which was sent through social networks. A total of 2069 participants (1156 from Brazil and 913 from Portugal) were included. Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), Anxiety (GAD-7), optimism/pessimism (Revised Life Orientation Test - LOT), QoL (WHOQOL-Bref), and sociodemographic, health, and social distancing variables were assessed. Data was analyzed using univariate and multivariate models. RESULTS There were remarkable differences between Brazil and Portugal in all outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic, including higher levels of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and optimism for the Brazilian individuals and higher levels of QoL and pessimism for the Portuguese individuals. The following factors were associated with the mental health and QoL in both Brazilian and Portuguese populations: gender, age, being a healthcare professional, and days in social distancing. CONCLUSION Despite the fact that Brazilians were more optimistic during the COVID-19 pandemic, they had lower levels of mental health and QoL as compared to the Portuguese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luís Manuel Mota Sousa
- Nursing Department, Comprehensive Health Research Centre, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Clarissa Trzesniak
- Faculty of Medicine of Itajubá-Afya Group, Rennó Júnior avenue, 368, Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Olga Maria de Sousa Valentim
- Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, ESSLei Escola Superior de Saúde, Centro de Investigação Em Tecnologias E Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS, Grupo NursID), Leiria, Portugal
| | | | | | - Giancarlo Lucchetti
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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Arpaci I, Seong M, Karataş K. Pandemic Awareness Scale (PAS): Evidence of Validity and Reliability in a Turkish Sample During the COVID-19 Pandemic. TRENDS IN PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [PMCID: PMC8520757 DOI: 10.1007/s43076-021-00113-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Public awareness is crucial in the prevention and management of the pandemic outbreaks. Accordingly, this study aimed to develop a scale that measures individuals’ awareness on pandemic outbreaks. The study investigated psychometric properties of the Pandemic Awareness Scale (PAS) in a Turkish sample (n = 1303) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The exploratory-factor-analysis (EFA) results (n = 903) indicated a high internal consistency reliability (α = .89) and suggested one-factor structure. The factor structure was confirmed in a different sample (n = 400) by a confirmatory-factor-analysis (CFA). The CFA results indicated that the one-factor model fits the data well (x2/df = 3.79, GFI = .96, IFI = .97, TLI = .94, CFI = .97, RMSEA = .084). The results suggested that the PAS is a valid and reliable tool to measure Turkish individuals’ pandemic awareness level.
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Alotiby A. The Impact of Media on Public Health Awareness Concerning the Use of Natural Remedies Against the COVID-19 Outbreak in Saudi Arabia. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:3145-3152. [PMID: 34239323 PMCID: PMC8260046 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s317348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused major health system problems and has fueled the emergence of various misinformation regarding preventive measures. The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of media on raising the level of health awareness of Saudi Arabian populations regarding the medical misinformation about the use of natural remedies against COVID-19. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted anonymously in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between May 1st and June 30, 2020. The sample size was calculated using version-3.0 of OpenEpi. An 11-item questionnaire was designed to assess the effect of media on raising the level of health awareness of the population regarding the medical misinformation about the use of natural remedies during this pandemic. Results Among 1300 participants, nearly half (55.4%) reported having watched the Saudi Ministry of Health's (MOH) broadcasted awareness videos. Social media (78.9%) was the main media platform on which they accessed these videos, followed by television (14.9%), and the Internet (6.2%). The MOH's awareness videos had a positive effect on 69.5% of participants, who reported a change in their attitudes toward natural remedies and discontinuing the use of them as preventive medicine. The most discontinued natural remedies after watching the awareness videos were gargling with salt water (32.1%), followed by myrrh (17.6%), and garlic (12.9%). Positive effects were greater among participants with a low than high education level. Conclusion The findings of the current study indicate that the Saudi MOH's usage of social media channels has had a positive effect on the level of public health awareness concerning the reliability of natural remedies used during the pandemic. However, more research is needed to validate how social media networks can be used in a cross-cultural context to enhance health awareness and adaptation to healthy behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Alotiby
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Alqura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Binsaleh NK, Bazaid AS, Aldarhami A, Sherwani S, Althomali OW. Awareness and Practice of COVID-19 Precautionary Measures Among Healthcare Professionals in Saudi Arabia. J Multidiscip Healthc 2021; 14:1553-1560. [PMID: 34188482 PMCID: PMC8235946 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s317908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Healthcare workers (HCWs) are the backbone of the healthcare system and a skilled and healthy workforce is vital during a health crisis, such as the present coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Healthcare workers are at higher risk of exposure to and transmission of the severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hence, HCWs should possess good knowledge and attitudes toward COVID-19 to protect not only themselves but also their colleagues, families and the larger community. Thus, the current study aims to assess the knowledge and practice of protective measures by HCWs in Saudi Arabia during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic to identify awareness of the disease, potential trends and associated predictors. Methods A cross-sectional, web-based study was conducted among HCWs about knowledge related to COVID-19 and practice of protective measures, such as social distancing and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the pandemic. A Fisher exact test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to investigate the level of association among variables. Results A total of 674 HCWs were recruited in the study (51.8% male, 42.7% aged 28–37 years old and 52% specialists). The Saudi Ministry of Health (MoH) was the main source of knowledge for most of the HCWs (89%) followed by the WHO (44.5%) and social media (42.3%). Washing hands before touching the face was the most selected choice (97.9%) as a precautionary method to limit SARS-CoV2 transmission. Most of the HCWs (74.6%) scored low for staying at home while the majority (71.2%) showed a high practice of personal protective methods, with pharmacists and general physicians scoring the highest. Conclusion Saudi HCWs showed high knowledge and practice of protective measures for COVID-19. Good knowledge correlates with adoption of appropriate practices to prevent spread of infection. The current findings highlight the importance of interventions such as tailored education and training courses for those with low scores to improve overall knowledge and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif K Binsaleh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman S Bazaid
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdu Aldarhami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Qunfudah Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Subuhi Sherwani
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar W Althomali
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
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Hatmal MM, Al-Hatamleh MAI, Olaimat AN, Hatmal M, Alhaj-Qasem DM, Olaimat TM, Mohamud R. Side Effects and Perceptions Following COVID-19 Vaccination in Jordan: A Randomized, Cross-Sectional Study Implementing Machine Learning for Predicting Severity of Side Effects. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060556. [PMID: 34073382 PMCID: PMC8229440 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic, there was no doubt that vaccination is the ideal protocol to tackle it. Within a year, a few COVID-19 vaccines have been developed and authorized. This unparalleled initiative in developing vaccines created many uncertainties looming around the efficacy and safety of these vaccines. This study aimed to assess the side effects and perceptions following COVID-19 vaccination in Jordan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by distributing an online survey targeted toward Jordan inhabitants who received any COVID-19 vaccines. Data were statistically analyzed and certain machine learning (ML) tools, including multilayer perceptron (MLP), eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), and K-star were used to predict the severity of side effects. Results: A total of 2213 participants were involved in the study after receiving Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, Pfizer-BioNTech, and other vaccines (38.2%, 31%, 27.3%, and 3.5%, respectively). Generally, most of the post-vaccination side effects were common and non-life-threatening (e.g., fatigue, chills, dizziness, fever, headache, joint pain, and myalgia). Only 10% of participants suffered from severe side effects; while 39% and 21% of participants had moderate and mild side effects, respectively. Despite the substantial variations between these vaccines in the presence and severity of side effects, the statistical analysis indicated that these vaccines might provide the same protection against COVID-19 infection. Finally, around 52.9% of participants suffered before vaccination from vaccine hesitancy and anxiety; while after vaccination, 95.5% of participants have advised others to get vaccinated, 80% felt more reassured, and 67% believed that COVID-19 vaccines are safe in the long term. Furthermore, based on the type of vaccine, demographic data, and side effects, the RF, XGBoost, and MLP gave both high accuracies (0.80, 0.79, and 0.70, respectively) and Cohen’s kappa values (0.71, 0.70, and 0.56, respectively). Conclusions: The present study confirmed that the authorized COVID-19 vaccines are safe and getting vaccinated makes people more reassured. Most of the post-vaccination side effects are mild to moderate, which are signs that body’s immune system is building protection. ML can also be used to predict the severity of side effects based on the input data; predicted severe cases may require more medical attention or even hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma’mon M. Hatmal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
- Correspondence: (M.M.H.); (R.M.)
| | - Mohammad A. I. Al-Hatamleh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia;
| | - Amin N. Olaimat
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
| | | | | | | | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (M.M.H.); (R.M.)
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Perra N. Non-pharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review. PHYSICS REPORTS 2021; 913:1-52. [PMID: 33612922 PMCID: PMC7881715 DOI: 10.1016/j.physrep.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases and human behavior are intertwined. On one side, our movements and interactions are the engines of transmission. On the other, the unfolding of viruses might induce changes to our daily activities. While intuitive, our understanding of such feedback loop is still limited. Before COVID-19 the literature on the subject was mainly theoretical and largely missed validation. The main issue was the lack of empirical data capturing behavioral change induced by diseases. Things have dramatically changed in 2020. Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been the key weapon against the SARS-CoV-2 virus and affected virtually any societal process. Travel bans, events cancellation, social distancing, curfews, and lockdowns have become unfortunately very familiar. The scale of the emergency, the ease of survey as well as crowdsourcing deployment guaranteed by the latest technology, several Data for Good programs developed by tech giants, major mobile phone providers, and other companies have allowed unprecedented access to data describing behavioral changes induced by the pandemic. Here, I review some of the vast literature written on the subject of NPIs during the COVID-19 pandemic. In doing so, I analyze 348 articles written by more than 2518 authors in the first 12 months of the emergency. While the large majority of the sample was obtained by querying PubMed, it includes also a hand-curated list. Considering the focus, and methodology I have classified the sample into seven main categories: epidemic models, surveys, comments/perspectives, papers aiming to quantify the effects of NPIs, reviews, articles using data proxies to measure NPIs, and publicly available datasets describing NPIs. I summarize the methodology, data used, findings of the articles in each category and provide an outlook highlighting future challenges as well as opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Perra
- Networks and Urban Systems Centre, University of Greenwich, London, UK
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Soomro BA, Shah N. Examining the intention to stay home due to COVID-19: a pandemic's second wave outlook. HEALTH EDUCATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/he-12-2020-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PurposeAt present, almost the whole globe is facing a severe threat of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present study examines the intention to stay home due to COVID-19 during a second wave of the pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a deductive approach based on cross-sectional data. An online survey is conducted from citizens of Pakistan. A convenience sampling is applied to target the respondents. In total, 238 useable responses proceed for final analysis. The structural equation model (SEM) is used to infer the results.FindingsThe findings of the study highlight a positive and significant effect of fear of COVID-19, attitudes to stay at home behaviour (AtSHB), knowledge about COVID-19 (Ka19) and health consciousness (HC) on the intention to stay at home (ItSAH).Practical implicationsThe study would provide the guidelines to policymakers and planners to develop the policies which may establish the individual's ItSAH. This strategy would restrict the spread of COVID-19. The government should also formulate the plannings to reduce the fear about COVID-19 and health concerns to combat the pandemic. The government should launch awareness programs regarding the spread and cure of COVID-19.Originality/valueThis study is the first study which highlights the factors such as fear, HC, attitudes and knowledge towards ItSAH. The study may be unique in the COVID-19 perspective, particularly in the Pakistani context.
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Awareness of COVID-19, Protective Measures and Attitude Towards Vaccination among University of Jeddah Health Field Community: A Questionnaire-Based Study. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.15.2.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to measure the awareness, and attitude towards COVID-19 disease as well as new vaccine acceptance, among health field community (healthcare workers, health fields teaching staff and students) at the University of Jeddah, Jeddah Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire was designed in English language and included a set of 44 multiple-choice close-ended questions that covered demographic profile of participants, awareness of symptoms and practice against COVID-19. It also included a set of questions that attempted to investigate the attitudes and perceptions towards the uptake of vaccine. Out of the total 186 who participated in this study, 48.4% were 24 years old or younger and 55.9% were health field students. The results showed that majority of participants were aware of most common symptoms and causes of COVID-19 and had positive attitude toward the protective measures against the disease. Regarding the acceptability of vaccination against COVID-19, around 44% of the total participants showed hesitancy to uptake the vaccine of whom, 68.3% were concerned about the adverse effects of the vaccine. Significant differences were found between gender and current position at university of Jeddah in term of vaccine acceptance with p-values of < 0.001. Despite this high level of awareness, health field community at the university of Jeddah have medium acceptance level of disease vaccine. Thus, health educational programs are important to increase the acceptance level among such societies which will contribute to increase the acceptance level among the whole society.
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Boti Sidamo N, Hussen S, Shibiru T, Girma M, Shegaze M, Mersha A, Fikadu T, Gebru Z, Andarge E, Glagn M, Gebeyehu S, Oumer B, Temesgen G. Exploring Barriers to Effective Implementation of Public Health Measures for Prevention and Control of COVID-19 Pandemic in Gamo Zone of Southern Ethiopia: Using a Modified Tanahashi Model. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:1219-1232. [PMID: 33776499 PMCID: PMC7989367 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s297114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, different public health measures have been implemented to prevent and control the further spread of the disease. However, barriers that influence the effective implementation of public health measures were not explore in Ethiopia especially in study Area. Therefore, this study tried to fill this gap by exploring the barriers to effective implementation of public health measures for prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Gamo Zone of southern Ethiopia. Methods The study employed a qualitative study with a phenomenology approach among purposely selected 30 individuals in the community and selected institutions. Key informant interview was used to collect the data. The data were transcribed verbatim and translated into the English language. The transcribed data were read several times to clearly understand the content for further analysis. The analysis of the data was conducted based on the modified Tanahashi framework. Results The study identified different barriers under five main themes: accessibility, acceptability, availability, contact and use, and effective implementation of public health measures related to barriers. The main barriers to effective implementation of public health measures were resistance to change, negligence, lack of community engagement, insufficient training for front line workers, poor supportive supervision, poor law enforcement, and lack of continuous community awareness creation. Beside, acceptability related barriers like cultural and religious norms and availability related barriers like shortage of personal protective equipment and shortage of skilled health professional have also lion share barriers for implementation of the public health measures. Conclusion The study identified different personal, institutional, and societal level barriers for effective implementation of public health measures for the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, proper and targeted continuous community awareness creation with further mandatory law enforcement activities should be implemented by the concerned bodies to mitigate individual and societal level barriers. In addition, the government with relevant stakeholders should give due attention to equip and protect the frontline professionals by availing the necessary logistic and provision of continuous capacity-building activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negussie Boti Sidamo
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Sultan Hussen
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Tamiru Shibiru
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Meseret Girma
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Shegaze
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Abera Mersha
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Teshale Fikadu
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Zeleke Gebru
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Eshetu Andarge
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Mustefa Glagn
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Selamawit Gebeyehu
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Bilcha Oumer
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Gebremaryam Temesgen
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
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Does worriedness among the rural adults promote COVID-19 related awareness in Bangladesh? Heliyon 2021; 7:e06556. [PMID: 33842705 PMCID: PMC8020420 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
People living in urban areas are usually more aware of their health issues due to the availability and accessibility of health care facilities. Several studies have illustrated anxiousness, attitudes, and perceptions among urban people during COVID-19. This research attempted to assess how worriedness among rural adults may promote COVID-19 related awareness in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional online survey of 311 respondents aged 18 or greater was conducted through Facebook focusing only on the people living in rural areas. The survey included a consent form and requested demographic as well as pandemic related information in a three-section questionnaire from the respondents. We used the chi-square test statistic for bivariate analysis and the binary logistic regression model along with some tools to validate the model to analyze the impact of worriedness on awareness. The bivariate result showed a significant association among regular hand washing (p=.007), knowledge about the proper amount of time for washing one's hands effectively (p=.004), rules of social distancing (p=.00), and education level (p=.046) with our outcome variable worriedness. From our binary logistic regression model fitting, it emerged that the females (p=.032, OR=.729) who regularly wash their hands (0R=.393, p=.023), know the rules of social distancing for “yes” (0R=14.525,p< .01), and “no” groups (0R= 5.518, p< .01), and age groups (18–27, 28 to 37, 38 to 47) were more worried. Results from our modeling justify an accuracy of 73.08%, a sensitivity of 93.71%, and a specificity of 29.33% with Cohen's kappa statistic = .2716, suggesting a fair model fitting. This study shows that the current COVID-19 situation created awareness among females and adults aged between 18 to 47 years in rural Bangladesh.
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Abolfotouh MA, Almutairi AF, Banimustafa A, Hagras SA, Al Jeraisy M. Behavior Responses and Attitude of the Public to COVID-19 Pandemic During Movement Restrictions in Saudi Arabia. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:741-753. [PMID: 33688245 PMCID: PMC7937388 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s296867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The behavior of the general public and the adoption of precautionary measures during a pandemic determine the fate of the country in the absence of any specific cure. This study aimed to determine the public attitude and behavior responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia during movement restrictions, and the predictors of behavioral responses. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study of 2470 adult individuals in Saudi Arabia, 17-29 April 2020 was conducted via Survey Monkey, using an anonymous validated e-questionnaire. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related attitudes, and behavioral responses in terms of; precautionary measures, preparedness, and self-quarantine activities, to be responded to by 4-point Likert scales. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to identify the significant predictors of compliance with different behaviors. Significance was considered at p<0.05. RESULTS Participants reported positive attitudes towards governmental actions (95%), self-hygiene (93.2%), social distancing (97.1%) and choice of healthy food (89.6%), and negative attitudes towards the current worldwide situation of the pandemic (81.0%) and hearing someone tested positive (77.8%) or died from COVID-19 (83.7%). High rates of compliance to behavior were reported by only 55.8% of participants in terms of precautionary measures (71.3%), preparedness (38.4%), and self-quarantine activities (46.1%). After adjusting for all possible confounders, the total attitude score was a significant predictor of the total scores of precautionary measures (t=12.01, p<0.001), preparedness (t=9.29, p<0.001), self-quarantine activities (t=12.05, p<0.001), and overall behavior response (t=14.09, p<0.001). Other significant predictors of higher overall behavior response scores were female gender (t=7.22, p<0.001) and non-Saudi nationality (t=3.40, p<0.001). CONCLUSION This study provides baseline data on the behavioral response to the national COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. The levels of compliance to behavior response and attitude to COVID-19 pandemic were less than satisfactory. Socio-demographics influence public behavior and protective health measures. COVID-19 awareness programs are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A Abolfotouh
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin-Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel F Almutairi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin-Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ala’a Banimustafa
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin-Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Majed Al Jeraisy
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin-Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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A novel perspective approach to explore pros and cons of face mask in prevention the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 29:121-133. [PMID: 33398228 PMCID: PMC7773545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has become a severe community health threat across the world. Covid-19 is a major illness, presently there is no as such any medicine and vaccine those can claim for complete treatment. It is spreading particularly in a feeble immune people and casualties are expanding abruptly and put the health system under strain. Among the strategic measures face mask is one of the most used measures to prevent spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Wearing a face mask possibly create a false sense of security lead to decline others measures. Face mask could be risk for the people of under lying medical conditions, old age group, outdoor exercise, acute and chronic respiratory disorders and feeble innate immune. Restrictive airflow due to face mask is the main cause of retention of CO2 called hypercapnia that can lead to respiratory failure with symptoms of tachycardia, flushed skin, dizziness, papilledema, seizure and depression. According to latest updates face shield and social distancing could be better substitute of face mask.
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