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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Prevalence and correlates of unintentional nonfatal injuries among school-going adolescents in Central America. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2024; 36:69-77. [PMID: 38098186 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2023-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to report on the frequency of serious physical injuries (SPI) among adolescents in Central America during the previous decade, 2009-2018. METHODS In total, 15,807 school adolescents (14.4 years mean age; SD=1.4) from six Central American countries participated in cross-sectional Global School-based Student Health Surveys in 2009-2018 (ranging from 1,779 students in Honduras in 2012 to 4,374 students in Guatemala in 2015). RESULTS The prevalence of SPI was 33.8 % (22.9 % once, 7.4 % 2 or 3 times and 3.6 % 4 or more times), ranging from 31.8 % in Guatemala to 45.0 % in Belize and 45.6 % in Panama. The most frequent causes of SPI included fall (11.4 %, ranging from 6.9 % in Costa Rica to 15.6 % in Panama), and the type of SPI was fracture/dislocation (5.7 %, ranging from 4.3 % in Costa Rica to 6.7 % in Panama). In adjusted Poisson regression, male sex, food insecurity, a history of alcohol intoxication, soft drink consumption, fast food intake, truancy, multiple sexual partners, psychological distress, physical fight, physically attacked, bullied, and suicide attempt were significantly associated with a higher number of injury event counts. CONCLUSIONS Overall, about one in three adolescents in Central America had sustained unintentional injuries in the past 12 months and several contributing factors were identified which if addressed could aid injury prevention among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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2
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Sarfo JO, Amoadu M, Obeng P, Kordorwu PY, Adams AK, Gyan TB, Osman AG, Asiedu I. Prevalence and factors associated with serious injuries and aggressive behaviours among in-school adolescents in Panama. DIALOGUES IN HEALTH 2023; 2:100103. [PMID: 38515484 PMCID: PMC10953970 DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Injuries during adolescence cause lifelong harm and death. Our study used a nationally representative sample to examine the prevalence and risk factors associated with serious injuries among in-school adolescents in Panama. Methods We analysed Panama's 2018 Global School-Based Student Health Survey data using SPSS. Percentages were used to summarise the results of the prevalence of serious injuries. Binomial logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the risk factors of serious injuries. The results were presented as an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results The prevalence of serious injury among in-school adolescents in Panama is 45%. Furthermore, the study found that males (AOR= 1.495, CI=1.272--1.756), truancy (AOR=1.493, CI=1.249--1.785), overweight (AOR= 1.246, 95% CI=11.057--1.469), drinking alcohol (AOR= 1.397, CI=1.151--1.695), experiencing physical attack (AOR= 2.100, CI=11.646--2.681), engaging in a physical fight (AOR=1.586, CI=1.289--1.952) and bullied outside school (AOR=1.276, CI=1.005--1.621) significantly predict serious injuries among adolescents in Panama. Conclusion Multidisciplinary approaches targeting the correlates observed will help reduce the high prevalence of serious injuries among in-school adolescents in Panama.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Obeng
- University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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3
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Adjei BN, Afetor M, Ansong-Aggrey S, Okwei R, Nachibi SU, Munkaila L, Arimiyaw AW, Osei Bonsu E, Adu C, Peprah P. Substance use and adolescent injuries: a multi-country analysis of the association and mediating effect of interpersonal violence among 122,945 in-school paediatric populations in 29 countries. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1193711. [PMID: 37546313 PMCID: PMC10399213 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1193711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescent use of substances and injury experiences such as head injury have become increasingly prevalent. However, information regarding their association and the potential pathways linking them remains limited. This study examined the association between substance use and injuries, emphasizing the mediating role of interpersonal violence among adolescents. Methods We employed a multi-country analysis of Global School-based Health Surveys of 122,945 in-school adolescents aged 11-18 from 29 countries. This study was a cross-sectional school-based, nationally representative study developed by the World Health Organization and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, other United Nations allies, and country-specific institutions. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate the overall prevalence of injury and substance use and the I-square (I 2 ) statistic was used to investigate the between-country heterogeneity. Logistic regression models were fitted to examine the association between substance use and injuries. A path analysis was used to examine the potential mediation effect of interpersonal violence and employed decomposition of effects into total, direct, and indirect. Results Prevalence of substance use and injuries were 33.6% (95%CI = 28.5, 38.6%) and 41.7% (95%CI = 37.3, 46.1%), respectively. Substance use (37.8% vs. 29.4%, p = 0.001) and injuries (47.3% vs. 36.4%, p = 0.001) were significantly higher among male adolescents than females, respectively. After adjustment, substance users had 40% higher odds of injuries. The path analysis showed a mediation effect of perpetration of and victimization by interpersonal violence on the association of substance use with injuries, with total positive effects of perpetration [β = 0.18; 95%CI = 0.16, 0.19; p = 0.001] and victimization on injuries [β = 0.22; 95%CI = 0.21, 0.24; p = 0.001]. In a further subgroup analysis, tobacco users were 3.98 times more likely to sustain a gunshot wound whiles marijuana users had 2.81 times higher odds of sustaining gunshot wounds. Cigarette smokers had 45% lower odds of sustaining cut/stab wounds. Alcohol users were 53% more likely to sustain concussion/head injury and two and half times more likely to sustain gunshot wound. Conclusion A significant association exists between substance use and severe injuries among adolescents, mediated by interpersonal violence exposure. Our findings may have utility in informing substance use and interpersonal violence control policies and interventions to address adolescent injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Noble Adjei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Maxwell Afetor
- Information, Monitoring and Evaluation Department, Ghana Health Service, Ho Polyclinic, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Mathematics and Acturial Science, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Samuel Ansong-Aggrey
- Department of Health Policy, Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Reforce Okwei
- Department of Geography, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | | | - Lambongang Munkaila
- Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Abdul Wahid Arimiyaw
- Department of Geography and Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Osei Bonsu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Collins Adu
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Center for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Prince Peprah
- Social Policy Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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4
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Al Babtain I, Almalki Y, Masud N, Asiri D. Unintentional Injuries Among Young Adolescents at a Level-One Trauma Center in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e36645. [PMID: 37101997 PMCID: PMC10123526 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Unintentional injuries are the leading preventable cause of mortality across different demographics. This study aims to assess the prevalence, severity, contributing factors, and clinical outcomes of unintentional injuries among adolescent patients. Methods A retrospective study was conducted using the charts of patients admitted with unintentional injuries (motor vehicle accidents (MVA), falls, pedestrian injuries, burns, etc.) to the emergency department (ED) from January 2016 to December 2018 at a level-one trauma center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 721 patients' charts were reviewed, but only 52 patients were consecutively included as per the definition of an adolescent. All variables, including severity and outcome, were assessed. Results The overall prevalence of unintentional injuries was 7.2 per 100 adolescent patients. The most common cause of unintentional injury were MVAs, which were reported in 35 (71%), with head and neck region injuries among 38 (73%) patients. The overall mortality was noted at 10 per 52 (19%) patients. The mean Injury Severity Score (ISS) score was 17.81±12.76. The patients who stayed longer in the ED were not associated with pelvic and lower extremity injuries, with a p-value=0.008. The ISS was the significant predictor of mortality, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.6, a confidence interval (CI) of 1.02-2.65, and a p-value=0.04. Conclusion MVAs were the main cause of unintentional injuries among adolescents. Future recommendation plans for adolescents should include stricter implementation of road traffic laws to control this early, preventable death among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yara Almalki
- General Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City Riyadh, Riyadh , SAU
| | - Nazish Masud
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, USA
| | - Deemah Asiri
- Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
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5
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Oppong Asante K, Onyeaka HK, Kugbey N, Quarshie ENB. Self-reported injuries and correlates among school-going adolescents in three countries in Western sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:899. [PMID: 35513863 PMCID: PMC9074264 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13315-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unintentional injuries among adolescents constitute a significant public health problem globally. Injured adolescents may face negative outcomes ranging from poor academic performance to short- and long-term physical and psychosocial health struggles, and even death. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and describe the correlates and most frequent causes of injuries among school-going adolescents in three West African countries – Benin, Ghana, and Liberia. Methods We analysed self-reported data provided by 8,912 school-going adolescents who participated in the Global School-based Student Health Survey in Ghana (2012), Benin (2016), and Liberia (2017). Students responded to questions on sociodemographic factors, family involvement factors, mental health factors, school environment factors and injury behaviours. Results The overall 12-month prevalence estimate of serious injuries in adolescents was 40.9% (Benin = 27.3%; Ghana = 46.1%; Liberia = 49.2%). The most frequently reported injury type was a broken bone or dislocated joint (33% in Benin), cuts or stab wounds (31.7% in Ghana), and non-specified injuries (35.2% in Liberia). Prevalence of serious injuries was higher among males and increased with age. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, interpersonal aggression outside the family context (bullying victimisation, engaging in physical fights, and having been physically attacked) emerged as key correlates of increased odds of serious injuries. Conclusion The relatively higher prevalence estimates of serious injury reported in this study underscore the need for the included countries to develop interventions aimed at reducing and preventing physical injuries among adolescents. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13315-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwaku Oppong Asante
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ghana, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 84, Legon, Accra, Ghana. .,Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
| | - Henry K Onyeaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Mclean, Boston, USA
| | - Nuworza Kugbey
- University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Eastern Region, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Nii-Boye Quarshie
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ghana, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 84, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Aboagye RG, Mireku DO, Nsiah JJ, Ahinkorah BO, Frimpong JB, Hagan JE, Abodey E, Seidu AA. Prevalence and psychosocial factors associated with serious injuries among in-school adolescents in eight sub-Saharan African countries. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:853. [PMID: 35484506 PMCID: PMC9047327 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Injury is one of the major causes of death and illness among children and adolescents worldwide. We sought to investigate the prevalence of serious injury and its associated factors among in-school adolescents in eight countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods A sample of 14,967 in-school adolescents was drawn from the Global School-based Student Health Surveys conducted from 2012 to 2017 in eight sub-Saharan African countries. Data were collected using self-administered structured questionnaires. The prevalence of serious injuries was calculated using proportions while multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the factors associated with serious injuries. Results Approximately 45% of in-school adolescents had experienced serious injuries during the past 12 months to the survey in the eight sub-Saharan African countries, with variations from 32.3% in Mauritius to 68.2% in Liberia. Adolescents who experienced bullying [aOR = 2.37, CI = 2.10, 2.68], those who engaged in physical fight [aOR = 2.14, CI = [1.87, 2.44], those who experienced an attack [aOR = 1.96, CI = [1.73, 2.22], those who felt anxious [aOR = 1.47, CI = 1.22,1.77], those who attempted suicide [aOR = 1.38, CI = 1.14, 1.65], truants [aOR = 1.33, CI = [1.17,1.51], current tobacco users [aOR = 1.42, CI = [1.01, 2.01] and current marijuana users [aOR = 1.78, CI = 1.08, 2.93] had higher odds of experiencing serious injuries. However, those whose parents or guardians respected their privacy had lower odds of experiencing serious injuries [aOR =0.78, CI = [0.68, 0.88] compared to those whose parents or guardians did not respect their privacy. Conclusion A relatively high prevalence of serious injuries among in-school adolescents was identified in the eight sub-Saharan African countries studied. Programs and interventions that target the reduction of injuries in educational institutions should take a keen interest in the factors identified in this study. To deal with injury victims, first aid services should be provided in school settings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13198-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Gyan Aboagye
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana.
| | - Dickson Okoree Mireku
- Directorate of Academic Planning and Quality Assurance, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - John Jackson Nsiah
- Department of Real Estate Management, Takoradi Technical University, Takoradi, Ghana
| | - Bright Opoku Ahinkorah
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - James Boadu Frimpong
- Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - John Elvis Hagan
- Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.,Neurocognition and Action-Biomechanics-Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Sciences, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Eric Abodey
- Department of Education and Psychology Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Abdul- Aziz Seidu
- Department of Real Estate Management, Takoradi Technical University, Takoradi, Ghana.,Centre for Gender and Advocacy, Takoradi Technical University, Takoradi, Ghana.,College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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7
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Le PA, Hoang VM, Tran TTH, Khuong QL, Takeuchi M, Nguyen TL, Pham TQN, Le VT, Tran QB, Park K. Violence and non-fatal injuries among Vietnamese in-school adolescents: national prevalence estimates and associated factors. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2021; 29:197-206. [PMID: 34547990 DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2021.1979046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
School violence and injury are major public health problems worldwide. The data of this study were from the Viet Nam Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) - a nationally representative survey conducted in 2019, with a sample size of 7690 students aged 13-17 years old. We found the prevalence of violence and non-fatal injury to be 14.5% and 21.4%, respectively. Factors related to higher odds of violence and non-fatal injuries in both sexes included smoking cigarettes, drinking alcohol, having mental health problems (loneliness, worrying and suicidal thinking), and truancy. In contrast, parental monitoring was associated with lower odds of violence, and parental respect was a protective factor of both violence and non-fatal injuries. Students who experienced violence had a higher likelihood of having non-fatal injuries in both sexes. Future policies should consider individual factors and parent-child bonding, to mitigate the burden of violence and injury among in-school adolescents in Viet Nam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong-Anh Le
- World Health Organization, Country Office for Viet Nam, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Van Minh Hoang
- Center for Population Health Science, Ha Noi University of Public Health, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Tuyet Hanh Tran
- Department of Environmental Health, Ha Noi University of Public Health, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Quynh Long Khuong
- Center for Population Health Science, Ha Noi University of Public Health, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Momoe Takeuchi
- World Health Organization, Country Office for Viet Nam, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Tuan Lam Nguyen
- World Health Organization, Country Office for Viet Nam, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Quynh Nga Pham
- World Health Organization, Country Office for Viet Nam, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Van Tuan Le
- Department of Student Affairs, Ministry of Education and Training, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Quoc Bao Tran
- General Department of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Kidong Park
- World Health Organization, Country Office for Viet Nam, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
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Ismail S, Odland ML, Malik A, Weldegiorgis M, Newbigging K, Peden M, Woodward M, Davies J. The relationship between psychosocial circumstances and injuries in adolescents: An analysis of 87,269 individuals from 26 countries using the Global School-based Student Health Survey. PLoS Med 2021; 18:e1003722. [PMID: 34582453 PMCID: PMC8478259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over a million adolescents die globally each year from preventable or treatable causes, with injuries (intentional and unintentional) being the leading cause of these deaths. To inform strategies to prevent these injuries, we aimed to assess psychosocial factors associated with serious injury occurrence, type, and mechanism in adolescents. METHODS AND FINDINGS We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data collected from the Global School-based Student Health Survey between 2009 and 2015. We used logistic regression to estimate associations between prevalence of serious injuries, injury type (effects of injury), and injury mechanism (cause of injury) and psychosocial factors (factors that relate to individuals socially, or their thoughts or behaviour, or the interrelation between these variables). Psychosocial factors were categorised, based on review of the literature, author knowledge, and discussion amongst authors. The categories were markers of risky behaviour (smoking, alcohol use, drug use, and physical activity), contextual factors (hunger, bullying, and loneliness), protective factors (number of friends and having a supportive family), and markers of poor mental health (planned or attempted suicide and being too worried to sleep). Models were adjusted for country factors (geographical area and income status, both using World Bank classification), demographic factors (age and sex), and factors to explain the survey design. A total of 87,269 adolescents living in 26 countries were included. The weighted majority were 14-15 years old (45.88%), male (50.70%), from a lower-middle-income country (81.93%), and from East Asia and the Pacific (66.83%). The weighted prevalence of a serious injury in the last 12 months was 36.33%, with the rate being higher in low-income countries compared to other countries (48.74% versus 36.14%) and amongst males compared to females (42.62% versus 29.87%). Psychosocial factors most strongly associated with serious injury were being bullied (odds ratio [OR] 2.45, 95% CI 1.93 to 3.13, p < 0.001), drug use (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.73 to 2.49, p < 0.001), attempting suicide (OR 1.78, CI 1.55 to 2.04, p < 0.001), being too worried to sleep (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.54 to 2.10, p < 0.001), feeling lonely (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.89, p < 0.001), and going hungry (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.30 to 2.01, p < 0.001). Factors hypothesised to be protective were not associated with reduced odds of serious injury: Number of close friends was associated with an increased odds of injury (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.43, p = 0.007), as was having understanding parents or guardians (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.26, p = 0.036). Being bullied, using drugs, and attempting suicide were associated with most types of injury, and being bullied or too worried to sleep were associated with most mechanisms of injury; other psychosocial factors were variably associated with injury type and mechanism. Limitations include the cross-sectional study design, making it not possible to determine the directionality of the associations found, and the survey not capturing children who did not go to school. CONCLUSIONS We observed strong associations between serious injury and psychosocial factors, but we note the relationships are likely to be complex and our findings do not inform causality. Nevertheless, our findings suggest that multifactorial programmes to target psychosocial factors might reduce the number of serious injuries in adolescents, in particular programmes concentrating on reducing bullying and drug use and improving mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiha Ismail
- Centre for Medical Education, Institute of Health Sciences Education, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Institute for Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Lisa Odland
- Institute for Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Amman Malik
- Medical School, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Misghina Weldegiorgis
- The George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Karen Newbigging
- School of Social Policy and Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret Peden
- The George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Justine Davies
- Institute for Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council/Wits University Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Centre for Global Surgery, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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9
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Aboagye RG, Seidu AA, Bosoka SA, Hagan JE, Ahinkorah BO. Prevalence and Correlates of Unintentional Injuries among In-School Adolescents in Ghana. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136800. [PMID: 34202752 PMCID: PMC8297100 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Injuries among adolescents pose significant public health problems. Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of adolescents’ mortality and disability with the largest burden in low-and middle-income countries. Yet, there is paucity of data in Ghana on adolescent injuries. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of unintentional injuries among in-school adolescents in Ghana using data from the Global School-Based Health Survey. Cross-sectional data on 2058 adolescents in junior and senior high schools who randomly participated in the 2012 Global School-Based Health Survey were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were performed to determine the prevalence of unintentional injuriesacross the background characteristics of in-school adolescents. Binary logistic regression was employed to determine the factors associated with unintentional injuries. The results were presented as crude and adjusted odds ratios at a 95% confidence interval. The prevalence of one or more serious injuries in the past 12 months was 57.0%. The most commonly reported type and cause of injuries were “I had a cut or stab wound” (15.2%) and “I fell” (13.1%), respectively. In the adjusted regression, in-school adolescents aged 14–16 (aOR = 1.60, CI = 1.12–2.28) were more likely to report one or more serious injuries compared to their counterparts aged 13 or younger. In-school adolescents who participated in physical education (aOR = 1.27, CI = 1.03–1.58) had higher odds of reporting one or more serious injuries. The odds of being injured was higher among adolescents who were truant at school compared to those who were not truant (aOR = 1.42, CI = 1.14–1.77) In-school adolescents who were bullied were more likely to report being injured one or multiple times compared to their counterparts who were not bullied (aOR = 2.16, CI = 1.75–2.65). In addition, the odds of being injured once or multiple times were higher among adolescents who were physically attacked (aOR = 2.21, CI = 1.78–2.75), those that engaged in physical fighting (aOR = 1.94, CI = 1.54–2.45), and those who reported high psychological distress (aOR = 2.00, CI = 1.52–2.63) compared to their counterparts who were not. Conversely, adolescents in senior high schools were 39% less likely to be injured once or multiple times compared to those in junior high schools (aOR = 0.61, CI = 0.47–0.79). A relatively high prevalence of unintentional injuries was found among in-school adolescents in the study. The numerous factors identified in this study could be integrated into health promotion and injury prevention activities to help reduce the occurrence of injuries among in-school adolescents. Moreover, students who are susceptible to unintended injuries such as older adolescents, victims of bullying, those who participate in physical education, those who are often involved in fights, truants, and those who have psychological distress should be sensitized to take measures that will reduce their level of susceptibility. First aid treatment services should also be made available in schools to treat victims of unintended injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Gyan Aboagye
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe PMB 31, Ghana;
| | - Abdul-Aziz Seidu
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast PMB TF0494, Ghana;
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Department of Estate Management, Takoradi Technical University, Takoradi P.O. Box 256, Ghana
| | - Samuel Adolf Bosoka
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe PMB 31, Ghana;
| | - John Elvis Hagan
- Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast PMB TF0494, Ghana
- Neurocognition and Action-Biomechanics-Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Bright Opoku Ahinkorah
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;
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Factors Associated with Serious Injuries among Adolescents in Ghana: Findings from 2012 Global School Health Survey. ScientificWorldJournal 2021; 2021:6622363. [PMID: 33986635 PMCID: PMC8079207 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6622363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Injuries are of public health concern and the leading cause of residual disability and death among teenagers, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In Ghana, the burden of injury among adolescents is under-reported. Hence, the study sought to determine the prevalence of serious injuries (SI) and the potential factors influencing these injuries among school children in Ghana. Methods This study was conducted in Ghana among Junior High School (JHS) and senior high school students (SHS) using the 2012 Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) data. The GSHS employed two-stage cluster sampling method. Serious injuries (SI) and independent factors were measured via self-administered questionnaires. Pearson chi-square test between each explanatory variable and serious injuries was conducted and the level of statistical significance was set at 5%. The significant variables from the chi-square test were selected for multiple logistic regression analysis. Multiple logistic regression was performed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at 95% confidence interval (CI). Results The prevalence of SI in the past 12 months was 66% [CI=61.8-70.2] . The most common cause of SI was fall, 36%. The common types of injuries were cut/stab wounds and broken/dislocated bone. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, after controlling for other variables, educational level (AOR = 0.64, CI = 0.44-0.90, p < 0.015), suicidal ideation (AOR = 1.58, CI = 1.00-2.48, p < 0.002), suicidal attempt (AOR = 1.88, CI = 1.29-2.72, p < 0.001), having at least one close friend (AOR = 1.49, CI = 1.17-1.89, p < 0.002), school truancy (AOR = 1.66, CI = 1.31-2.09, p < 0.000), smoking marijuana (AOR = 2.64, CI = 1.22-5.69), and amphetamine use (AOR = 2.95, CI = 1.46-5.69) were independently associated with SI. Conclusion The findings of the study established a high prevalence of SI among adolescents in Ghana, with cut/stab wound and broken/dislocated bone being the most reported type of injuries. This study also revealed that factors such as educational level, suicidal ideation, suicidal attempt, at least one close friend, school truancy, smoking marijuana, and amphetamine use are associated with SI among the adolescents. Therefore, pragmatic interventional programs should be targeted at these factors to curb the rate of SI among junior and senior school students.
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Pengpid S, Hinneh JT, Peltzer K. Prevalence and correlates of single and multiple unintentional non-fatal injuries among school-going adolescents in Liberia. Injury 2021; 52:787-792. [PMID: 33250183 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2020.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This investigation aims to report on single and multiple unintentional nonfatal injuries among in-school adolescents in Liberia. METHODS Nationally representative cross-sectional data were statistically analysed from 2,744 adolescents (median age=18 years) that participated in the 2017 Liberia Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS). RESULTS The prevalence of single or multiple serious injuries (past 12 months) was 71.6% (31.8% once and 39.7% two or more times). Struck or hit by an object (10.6%), fall (9.0%), and motor vehicle crashes (8.6%) were the most frequent causes of injury, and cuts or open wounds (13.6%), fractures or dislocation (8.2%), and concussion (5.0%) were the most prevalent types of injury. In adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, experience of hunger (or food insecurity), passive smoking, frequent school truancy, psychological distress, and current cannabis use were associated with multiple and/or single injury. In addition, in unadjusted analysis, current tobacco use, ever drunk, ever amphetamine use, physically inactive and sedentary and walking and biking to school were associated with single and/or multiple injuries. In a separate multinomial logistic regression model, victims of physically assault, involvement in physical fighting, and bullying victimization were associated with both single and multiple injuries. CONCLUSION A high prevalence of unintentional single and multiple injuries was discovered and several factors were found that can be utilized in targeting programmes aimed at injury prevention among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
| | | | - Karl Peltzer
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Wickramasinghe S, Gunawardena NS, Punyadasa D, Gunawardena S, Wickramasinghe C, Lokubalasooriya A, Peiris R, Senanayake S. Serious non-fatal unintentional injuries among in-school adolescents in Sri Lanka: results from the 2016 Sri Lankan global school-based health survey. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1697. [PMID: 33183265 PMCID: PMC7664062 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09839-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unintentional injuries among adolescents is a major public health problem the world over. A great majority of the annual deaths among adolescents is due to unintentional injuries; it is also the leading cause of death among adolescents in the world. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of injuries and their associated factors among school going adolescents aged 13-17 years using data from the most recent Global School-Based Health Survey (GSHS) conducted in Sri Lanka. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire, among 3262 adolescents attending government schools. The sample was selected through a two-staged cluster sampling technique. In the first stage, 40 schools were selected using probabilities proportional to school enrollment size, from all schools in the country that have classes in grades 8-12. Then, from the selected schools, classes were selected using systematic equal probability sampling with a random start. The weighted prevalence was calculated, and logistic regression analysis was conducted in order to determine the correlates. RESULTS During the 12 months before the survey, 35.8% (95% CI-30.7 - 41.1) of the students reported being seriously injured one or more times. The injuries were more common among males, but were equally common among the two different age groups (13-15 age group vs 16-17 age group). The most common type of injury was cut or stab wounds (5.5%), followed by broken bones/dislocated joints (5.3%). Multivariable analysis revealed that only a few factors were associated with injury, such as being of the male sex, being bullied, being physically attacked, and/or being in a physical fight. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the prevalence of serious unintentional injuries among school going adolescents is a major public health problem in Sri Lanka. This timely and comprehensive survey would help policy makers and researchers identify the unmet needs related to adolescent injuries. Furthermore, evidence generated form the study should be given due consideration when designing school-based interventions to prevent adolescent injuries.
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Gautham MS, Gururaj G, Nadig K, Roy A, Nair L. School safety assessment in Bengaluru and Kolar districts, India. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2020; 27:336-346. [PMID: 32529895 DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2020.1778038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Ensuring optimum safety in schools to prevent injuries and promote safety of children is a mandate by the Constitution of India. However, there is limited evidence regarding safety and injury prevention in schools. This safety appraisal was conducted on a sample of 131 schools, selected by stratified random sampling in Bengaluru and Kolar districts in India. Trained investigators collected data using smart phone-assisted interview, observational methods and record review between 1 January and 31 March 2019. Safety was assessed across the domains of macro areas (policy, guidelines, committee, budget, coordination and training), physical infrastructure, road and transport safety, fire safety and first-aid services. Safety level (%) at each school was computed based on scores obtained in each domain. Overall safety level was at 50.8% of the assessment criteria and was relatively better in private schools (54%). Most schools scored less than 30% in domains of transport safety, fire safety and macro areas. Results highlight the need for implementing and augmenting safety measures in schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melur Sukumar Gautham
- Department of Epidemiology, Centre for Public Health, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Gopalkrishna Gururaj
- Department of Epidemiology, Centre for Public Health, WHO Collaborating Centre for Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kavya Nadig
- Bengaluru Child Injury Prevention Project, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anaurene Roy
- Bengaluru Child Injury Prevention Project, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Lakshmi Nair
- Public Safety Mission, Underwriters Laboratories, Bengaluru, India
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. High prevalence of unintentional injuries and socio-psychological correlates among school-going adolescents in Timor-Leste. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2020; 33:253-259. [PMID: 32549150 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2019-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to report on the prevalence and socio-psychological correlates of non-fatal injury among school-going adolescents in Timor-Leste. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the 2015 Timor-Leste "Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS)" included 3,704 school children (median age 16 years, interquartile range 3) that were representative of all students in secondary school, excluding grade 12. RESULTS The proportion of participants with one or multiple serious injuries in the past year was 70.0% (40.6% once, 17.2% two-three times and 12.2% 4-12 times). The most frequent cause of the reported injury were "I fell" (33.8%) and motor vehicle (10.2%) and the most common type of injury was "a broken bone or dislocated joint" (7.8%) and "cut, puncture or stab wound" (6.7%). In adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, suicide attempt was associated with one injury, and truancy was associated with both one and multiple injury. Current tobacco use, lifetime cannabis use, soft drink consumption, and loneliness were associated with multiple injuries. CONCLUSIONS Several variables were identified that could be targeted in injury prevention programmes in this school population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa
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Wang Z, Chen H, Yu T, Liu S, Hu M. Status of injuries as a public health burden among children and adolescents in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17671. [PMID: 31702619 PMCID: PMC6855559 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Injuries among children and adolescents remain a major public health problem in China. In the present study, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature of epidemiological studies investigating injuries among children and adolescents in China and aimed to describe the status of injury among children and adolescents (aged 0-19 years) in China nationwide. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence of injury with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) across studies. The potential heterogeneity moderators were identified by subgroup and sensitivity analysis. A total of 775,615 children and adolescents were included in this study. Overall, the pooled injury prevalence among children and adolescents aged 0 to 19 years was 23.0% (95% CI 20.0%-27.0%) in studies using 1996 version of injury definition, and 13.0% (95% CI 10.0%-17.0%) in studies using 2004 version of injury definition. Relevant heterogeneity moderators have been identified by subgroup analysis. Sensitivity analysis yielded consistent results. CONCLUSION Our study shows a moderately high injury prevalence among children and adolescents aged 0 to 19 years in China, more prevention policies and programs should be urgently developed to decrease the occurrence of child and adolescent injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Medicine, Betta Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Hangzhou
| | - Taolin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Siyun Liu
- Department of Medical Records, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha
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Awaluddin SM, Ahmad FH, Jeevananthan C, Ganapathy SS, Sooryanarayana R, Mohamad Anuar MF, Alias N, Saminathan TA, Mohd Yusoff MF, Rosman A. Prevalence of Nonfatal Serious Injury Due to Motor Vehicle Accidents Among Malaysian School-Going Adolescents: Findings From the Adolescent Health Survey 2017. Asia Pac J Public Health 2019; 31:65S-72S. [PMID: 31522523 DOI: 10.1177/1010539519872662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Serious injury due to motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) significantly contributes to the adolescents' health status. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of nonfatal injury due to MVAs and its associated factors among Malaysian school-going adolescents. Nationally representative samples were selected via 2-stage stratified cluster sampling. Data was collected using a validated self-administered questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the associations between the variables. A total of 1088 out of 27 497 adolescents reported that they had sustained serious injury due to MVAs with a prevalence of 4.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.7-4.5). Serious injury due to MVAs among adolescents was positively associated with being current cigarette smokers (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.5; 95% CI = 2.2-2.9), followed by Malay ethnicity (aOR = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.9-3.0), current drug users (aOR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.9-3.0), boys (aOR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.8-2.4), Indian ethnicity (aOR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.2-2.5), and those who were in upper secondary school (aOR = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.2-1.5). Targeted intervention and curbing substance use among boys may reduce the morbidities from MVAs and its resulting complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Maria Awaluddin
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fazila Haryati Ahmad
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chandrika Jeevananthan
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shubash Shander Ganapathy
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rajini Sooryanarayana
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Fuad Mohamad Anuar
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nazirah Alias
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Thamil Arasu Saminathan
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azriman Rosman
- Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Federal Government Administration Centre, Putrajaya, Malaysia
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Unintentional injuries and socio-psychological correlates among school-going adolescents in four ASEAN countries. Int J Gen Med 2019; 12:263-271. [PMID: 31410049 PMCID: PMC6645596 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s212350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The study aimed to report the prevalence and socio-psychological correlates of non-fatal injury among school adolescents in four ASEAN countries. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional research data from the 2015 "Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS)" included 29,480 school adolescents (mean age 14.5 years, standard deviation=1.6) that were representative of all students in secondary school. Results: The proportion of participants with one or multiple serious past-year injuries was 36.9% (21.4% once and 15.4% multiple times). The most frequent cause of the reported injury was "I fell" (10.2%) and motor vehicle (5.8%) and the most common form of injury was "a broken bone or dislocated joint" (8.1%) and "cut, puncture or stab wound" (3.4%). In adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, male sex, experiencing hunger, substance use (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, amphetamine and soft drinks), school truancy, participating in physical education classes and psychological distress were associated with one and/or multiple injuries. Parental or guardian support decreased the odds of one annual injury. Compared to students from Indonesia, students from Laos had a lower odd for injury and students from the Philippines and Thailand had higher odds for injury. Conclusion: Several variables, such as male sex, food insecurity, substance use, truancy, physical education and psychological distress, were identified that could be targeted in injury prevention programs in this school population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand.,Deputy Vice Chancellor Research and Innovation Office, North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Deputy Vice Chancellor Research and Innovation Office, North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Lau XC, Wong YL, Wong JE, Koh D, Sedek R, Jamil AT, Ng ALO, Hazizi AS, Ruzita AT, Poh BK. Development and Validation of a Physical Activity Educational Module for Overweight and Obese Adolescents: CERGAS Programme. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16091506. [PMID: 31035403 PMCID: PMC6539209 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16091506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Educational modules can be effective in educating and motivating adolescents to participate in physical activity (PA). This paper describes the development and validation of a PA educational module for use in an obesity intervention programme, CEria Respek Gigih Aktif Sihat (CERGAS). The present study was conducted in three phases: Phase I was composed of needs assessments with four focus group discussions to elicit adolescents’ opinions regarding module content and design, Phase II was the development of the PA module, while Phase III was content and face validation. A content validity index (CVI) was used to assess content validity quantitatively, with a CVI of more than 0.79 being considered appropriate. The needs assessments indicated that content of interest to adolescents included: the benefits of exercise; exercise techniques; ways to increase PA and how to stay motivated. Attractive graphic design was determined as a way to draw the adolescents’ attention. The module covered five topics: “Let’s Be Active”; “Exercise and Fitness”; “Staying Safe during Exercise and Physical Activity”; “Planning for Success” and “How to Overcome Sedentariness and Get Moving”. The module was found to have good content validity (mean CVI = 0.85). Expert members made suggestions to improve the module. These suggestions were then accepted, and the module was modified accordingly. We concluded that the module has good content validity and can be used to improve PA knowledge amongst CERGAS participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chuan Lau
- Nutritional Sciences Programme & Centre for Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Yaw Loong Wong
- Nutritional Sciences Programme & Centre for Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Jyh Eiin Wong
- Nutritional Sciences Programme & Centre for Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Denise Koh
- Centre for Education and Community Well-being, Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Razalee Sedek
- Centre for Biotechnology and Functional Food, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Taufik Jamil
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Alvin Lai Oon Ng
- Department of Psychology, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Abu Saad Hazizi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Abd Talib Ruzita
- Nutritional Sciences Programme & Centre for Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Bee Koon Poh
- Nutritional Sciences Programme & Centre for Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Sharma B, Lee TH, Nam EW. Loneliness, Insomnia and Suicidal Behavior among School-Going Adolescents in Western Pacific Island Countries: Role of Violence and Injury. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14070791. [PMID: 28714893 PMCID: PMC5551229 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14070791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine whether being bullied, fighting, and injury, regarded in terms of frequency and nature, were significantly associated with psychological distress and suicidal behavior, independent of substance abuse and parental support in adolescents. Secondary analysis of data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey from Kiribati, the Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu was conducted. Binomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association of being bullied, fighting and injury with psychological health outcomes (loneliness, insomnia, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt) at a 5% level of significance. A total of 4122 students were included; 45.5% were male, and 52.0% were 14 years of age or younger. Of the total, 9.3% felt lonely and 9.5% had insomnia most of the time over the last 12 months; 27.6% had suicidal ideation, and 30.9% reported at least one suicide attempt in the last 12 months. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that being bullied, fighting and injury were significantly associated with psychological health outcomes; adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of loneliness, insomnia, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt increased with increased exposure to bullying, fighting, and injury compared to non-exposed group. Among the types of bullying victimization, the highest AORs of insomnia and suicide attempt were among students who were left out of activities, compared to the non-bullied. Among the causes of injury, adolescents injured due to a physical attack were the most likely to report the highest AORs of loneliness, insomnia and suicidal ideation compared to those not injured. Preventing violence and injury among adolescents might contribute to better mental health and reduction of suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimala Sharma
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, Korea.
- Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, Korea.
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, Korea.
- Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, Korea.
| | - Eun Woo Nam
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, Korea.
- Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, Korea.
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Peyton RP, Ranasinghe S, Jacobsen KH. Injuries, Violence, and Bullying Among Middle School Students in Oman. Oman Med J 2017; 32:98-105. [PMID: 28439379 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2017.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Injuries account for a substantial proportion of the burden of disease in adolescents globally. This paper describes injury rates and associated exposures, and risk behaviors in Oman's 2010 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). METHODS This study used complex samples analysis to examine nationally-representative data from 1 606 students in grades eight, nine, and 10 who participated in the 2010 Oman GSHS. RESULTS In total, 34.0% of the students reported having at least one injury in the past year that caused at least one full day abscence from usual activities or required medical treatment. The most common injury type reported was a broken bone or dislocated joint. The most common injury cause was falling. Additionally, 38.4% of the students reported being bullied in the past month, 38.8% reported being physically attacked in the past year, and 47.6% reported being in physical fights. Both injured boys and girls reported experiencing significantly more bullying, fights, and attacks (odds ratio > 2) than their non-injured classmates, even though only 9.6% of injured students reported that their most serious injury in the past year was the result of an assault, and students reporting assaults did not have significantly higher odds of exposure to these types of peer violence. More than half of the bullied students reported that the most frequent type of peer victimization they experienced was being made fun of with sexual jokes, comments, or gestures. Sexual bullying was the most common type of bullying reported by girls and boys. CONCLUSIONS Promoting healthier peer relationships may help to reduce injuries in this age group as well as reducing the harmful effects of bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard P Peyton
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Virginia, USA
| | - Shamika Ranasinghe
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Virginia, USA
| | - Kathryn H Jacobsen
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Virginia, USA
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Nonfatal Injuries and Psychosocial Correlates among Middle School Students in Cambodia and Vietnam. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14030280. [PMID: 28282872 PMCID: PMC5369116 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14030280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence and psychosocial correlates of nonfatal injury among middle school students in Cambodia and Vietnam. Cross-sectional data from 7137 school children (mean age 15.5 years, SD = 1.4) who were randomly sampled for participation in nationally representative Global School-based Health Surveys (GSHS) in Cambodia and Vietnam were analyzed. The proportion of school children reporting one or more serious injuries in the past year was 22.6% among boys and 17.5% among girls in Cambodia and 34.3% among boys and 25.1% among girls in Vietnam. The most prevalent cause of the most serious injury in Cambodia was traffic injuries (4.7% among boys and 4.3% among girls) and in Vietnam it was falls (10.0% among boys and 7.0% among girls). In multinomial logistic regression analyses, experiencing hunger (as an indicator for low socioeconomic status) and drug use were associated with having sustained one injury and two or more injuries in the past 12 months in Cambodia. In addition, poor mental health was associated with two or more injuries. In Vietnam, being male, experiencing hunger, current alcohol use, poor mental health and ever having had sex were associated with having sustained one injury and two or more injuries in the past 12 months. Several psychosocial variables were identified which could help in designing injury prevention strategies among middle school children in Cambodia and Vietnam.
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Alonso-Fernández N, Jiménez-García R, Alonso-Fernández L, Hernández-Barrera V, Palacios-Ceña D. Unintentional injuries and associated factors among children and adolescents. An analysis of the Spanish National Health Survey. Int J Public Health 2017; 62:961-969. [PMID: 28238192 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-017-0950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the prevalence of unintentional injuries in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years and to identify factors associated with a greater risk of suffering accidents. METHODS A cross-sectional study conducted with data collected from three consecutive Spanish National Health Surveys. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic models. RESULTS The reported prevalence of unintentional injuries in children and adolescents decreased from 12.8% in 2003 to 8.7% in 2011. Most of these injuries occurred at the "workplace or place of study" and "on the street". Boys suffered unintentional injuries 1.64 more times than girls (OR = 1.64; 95% CI 1.48-1.82). Children aged 11-14 years (OR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.09-1.37) and adolescents aged 15-18 years (OR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.07-1.42) had a higher probability of reporting an unintentional injury when compared to children aged 6-10 years. Multivariate analysis showed that the adjusted odds of injuries decreased in 2006 (OR = 0.87; 95% CI 0.77-0.97) and in 2011 (OR = 0.66; 95% CI 0.57-0.76). CONCLUSIONS The odds of overall UI are being gradually reduced over the years. Prevention policies are effective and it is necessary to continue promoting and motivating prevention actions aimed at the family, the school, and the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazaret Alonso-Fernández
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Psychology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Immunology, and Medical Microbiology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
- Departamental 1, Despacho 215, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. de Atenas, s/n, Alcorcón, 28922, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rodrigo Jiménez-García
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Psychology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Immunology, and Medical Microbiology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Alonso-Fernández
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Psychology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Immunology, and Medical Microbiology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentín Hernández-Barrera
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Psychology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Immunology, and Medical Microbiology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo Palacios-Ceña
- Department of Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation, and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Beck NI, Arif I, Paumier MF, Jacobsen KH. Adolescent injuries in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Uruguay: Results from the 2012-2013 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). Injury 2016; 47:2642-2649. [PMID: 27745690 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goals of this study were to identify the proportion of early adolescents in southern South America who were injured in the past year, to identify risk behaviours and other exposures associated with injuries, and to evaluate the most common types and causes of injury in this population. METHODS We used complex samples analysis to examine cross-sectional data from more than 35,000 students from all four countries in South America that participated in the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) in 2012-2013. RESULTS The proportion of students reporting at least one injury in the past year that required medical treatment or caused at least one full day of missed school or usual activities was 27.1% in Argentina, 29.5% in Uruguay, 30.9% in Chile, and 36.8% in Bolivia. Significantly more boys than girls reported injuries. Injured students were more likely than non-injured students to report anxiety-induced insomnia, being physically attacked, being in a physical fight, and being lonely in the past year, and they were also more likely to report being bullied, using tobacco, drinking alcohol, and missing school in the past month. For both boys and girls, the most common type of injury reported was a broken bone or dislocated joint and the most common injury cause was the student falling. However, most students were not able to provide a specific answer to either question. CONCLUSION The GSHS has been conducted in 100 low- and middle-income countries and territories around the world, and new waves of data collection are currently being planned and implemented. The utility of the injury data from the GSHS would be improved if the injury type and cause response items were updated to better capture information about self-harm, sports injuries, and other statistics that will provide a stronger foundation for evidence-based injury prevention interventions in adolescent populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naja I Beck
- Department of Global & Community Health, George Mason University, United States
| | - Issra Arif
- Department of Global & Community Health, George Mason University, United States
| | - Michelle F Paumier
- Department of Global & Community Health, George Mason University, United States
| | - Kathryn H Jacobsen
- Department of Global & Community Health, George Mason University, United States.
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24
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Street EJ, Jacobsen KH. Prevalence of Sports Injuries Among 13- to 15-Year-Old Students in 25 Low- and Middle-Income Countries. J Community Health 2016; 42:295-302. [DOI: 10.1007/s10900-016-0255-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Denny VC, Cassese JS, Jacobsen KH. Nonfatal injury incidence and risk factors among middle school students from four Polynesian countries: The Cook Islands, Niue, Samoa, and Tonga. Injury 2016; 47:1135-42. [PMID: 26775210 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The burden of injuries in Pacific Island countries is understudied despite the known challenges associated with many residents having limited access to advanced medical and surgical care when they sustain a serious injury. This paper examines nonfatal injuries among early adolescent schoolchildren (those primarily ages 13-15 years) from four Polynesian countries. METHODS Self-reported data from the 5507 middle school students who were randomly sampled for participation in the nationwide Global School-based Student Health Surveys (GSHS) in the Cook Islands (in the year 2009), Niue (2010), Samoa (2011), and Tonga (2010) were analysed with various statistical methods including regression models. Injuries were defined by the GSHS questionnaire as serious if they resulted in a full day of missed school or other usual activities or required medical treatment. RESULTS The proportion of students reporting a serious injury in the past year was 43.1% in the Cook Islands, 40.8% in Niue, 73.8% in Samoa, and 49.1% in Tonga. In the Cook Islands and Samoa, boys reported more injuries than girls (p<0.01). The most common types of serious injuries reported were cuts and other skin trauma; broken bones and dislocated joints; and concussions, other head injuries, or difficulty breathing. The most common causes of serious injuries reported were falls; motor vehicle accidents; and attacks, fights, or abuse. For both boys and girls, being bullied in the past month, being physically attacked or in a physical fight in the past year, using alcohol and tobacco, skipping school, and having anxiety or loneliness were associated with a higher likelihood of injuries. CONCLUSIONS School-based health education programs targeting prevention of intentional and unintentional injuries may benefit from emphasising Polynesian values and promoting personal mental and physical health, healthy behaviours, and healthy family and community relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa C Denny
- Department of Global & Community Health, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive 5B7, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - James S Cassese
- Department of Global & Community Health, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive 5B7, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Kathryn H Jacobsen
- Department of Global & Community Health, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive 5B7, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.
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Othieno CJ, Okoth R, Peltzer K, Pengpid S, Malla LO. Traumatic experiences, posttraumatic stress symptoms, depression, and health-risk behavior in relation to injury among University of Nairobi students in Kenya. Int J Psychiatry Med 2016; 50:299-316. [PMID: 26561275 DOI: 10.1177/0091217415610310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence and types of injuries in relation to traumatic experiences, posttraumatic stress symptoms, depression, and health-risk behaviors among university students in Kenya. METHOD A cross-sectional study collected data on a random sample of university students using a questionnaire to record sociodemographic variables while injuries experiences recorded using the Centers for Disease control criteria and Breslau's seven-item screener was used to identify post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Depressive symptoms were measured using Center for Epidemiological Studies Short Depression Scale. RESULTS Nine hundred and twenty-three students (525 male and 365 female) were included in the study, mean age 23 years (SD 4.0). Serious injury in the previous 12 months was reported by 29.00% of the students. PTSD was present in 15.67% (men 15.39% and women 16.1%). Out of the total, 41.33% of the students had depressive symptoms (35.71% mild-moderate symptoms and 5.62% severe). In the multivariable logistic regression being poor, binge drinking, tobacco use, ever been diagnosed with HIV, physically abused as a child, high PTSD score, and depression (adjusted odds ratio 5.49, 95% confidence interval 4.32-13.21) were significantly (p value<5%) associated with injury in the last 12 months. CONCLUSION Unintentional injuries and PTSD symptoms are common in this student population and are positively linked to depression and other risky behaviors. Measures aimed at improving the mental health, such as early identification and treatment of depression, may be useful in reducing the prevalence of such injuries among the youth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karl Peltzer
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Thailand HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST) Research Programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
| | - Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Thailand Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
| | - Lucas O Malla
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Wellcome Trust, Nairobi, Kenya
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Health Risk Behaviour among In-School Adolescents in the Philippines: Trends between 2003, 2007 and 2011, A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 13:73. [PMID: 26712770 PMCID: PMC4730464 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Intermittent monitoring of health risk behaviours at the population level is important for the planning and evaluation of national health promotion intervention programmes. The study aimed to provide trend estimates on the prevalence of various health risk behaviours assessed in the Global School-based Health Survey in 2003, 2007 and 2011 in the Philippines. Three waves of cross-sectional data included 18,285 school-going adolescents, 47.4% male and 52.6% female, aged between 11 years or younger and 16 years or older, with a mean age of about 14.7 years (SD = 1.2), and mainly in second to fourth year study Grade. Significant improvements in health risk and risk behaviours (overweight or obese and smokeless tobacco use among boys, being in a physical fight, troubles from alcohol drinking, mental health, oral and hand hygiene among both boys and girls) but also increases in health risk behaviour (bullying victimization, injury and loneliness) among both boys and girls were found in this large study over a period of eight years in the Philippines. High prevalences of health risk behaviours and increases in some of them should call for intensified school health promotion programmes to reduce such risk behaviours.
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28
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Peltzer K, Pengpid S. Unintentional Injuries and Psychosocial Correlates among in-School Adolescents in Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:14936-47. [PMID: 26610542 PMCID: PMC4661689 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121114936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to provide estimates of the prevalence and psychosocial correlates of unintentional injury among school-going adolescents in Malaysia. Cross-sectional data from the Global School-Based Health Survey (GSHS) included 21,699 students (predominantly ≤13 to ≥17 years) that were selected by a two-stage cluster sample design to represent all secondary school students in Forms 1 to 5. The percentage of school children reporting one or more serious injuries in the past year was 34.9%, 42.1% of boys and 27.8% of girls. The two major causes of the most serious injury were “fall” (9.9%) and motor vehicle accident or being hit by a motor vehicle (5.4%), and the most frequent type of injury sustained was cut, puncture, or stab wound (6.2%) and a broken bone or dislocated joint (4.2%). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, sociodemographic factors (being male and low socioeconomic status), substance use (tobacco and cannabis use), frequent soft drink consumption, attending physical education classes three or more times a week, other risky behavior (truancy, ever having had sex, being bullied), psychological distress, and lack of parental or guardian bonding were associated with annual injury prevalence. Several factors were identified, which could be included in injury prevention promotion programs among secondary school children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Peltzer
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamothon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
- Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
- Faculty of Public Health, Thammasat University, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand.
- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamothon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
- Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
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29
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Peltzer K, Pengpid S. Factors Associated with Unintentional Injury among University Students in 26 Countries. Public Health Nurs 2015; 32:440-52. [PMID: 25644243 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine estimates of the incidence and social correlates of nonfatal injury among university students in 26 low-, middle-, and high-income countries. DESIGN AND SAMPLE Using anonymous questionnaires, data were collected in a cross-sectional survey of 19,111 undergraduate university students (mean age 20.8, SD = 2.8) from 27 universities in 26 countries across Asia, Africa, and the Americas. MEASURES Questionnaire on health risk behaviors, psychological distress, personality, social variables, and injury requiring medical treatment or missing at least one day of usual activities. RESULTS The percentage of university students reporting one or more serious injuries within the past 12 months was 25.2% for all countries, in men 28.8% and women 21.1%. In multivariate logistic regression among men, socio-demographic variables, health risk behaviors, posttraumatic stress (PTSD) symptoms, lack of personal control and lack of social support, and among women, residing on campus, health risk behaviors, PTSD symptoms, lack of personal control, and lack of social support were associated with injury incidence. CONCLUSIONS Several risk factors were identified which will increase the understanding of public health nurses of injuries in university communities to design programs for injury prevention programs specifically targeting university students, staff, and university health center professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Peltzer
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand.,University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa.,HIV/AIDS/STIs/and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand.,University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
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30
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Hasim MH, Fatimah S, Shahida N, Hatta M, Naim M, Hiong TG, Rosnah R. Socio-Demographic and Behavioral Factors for Serious Injury among Adolescents in Malaysia. Health (London) 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2015.712178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Mat Hussin SF, Abd Aziz NS, Hasim H, Sahril N. Prevalence and factors associated with physical fighting among Malaysian adolescents. Asia Pac J Public Health 2014; 26:108S-15S. [PMID: 25038192 DOI: 10.1177/1010539514542423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Physical fighting among adolescents is one manifestation of interpersonal violence that is an important issue globally, but attention to this problem in Malaysia has been limited. We analyzed data available from the Malaysia Global School-Based Health Survey conducted in 2012. Of the 25 507 respondents, 27.4% reported having been in a physical fight in the past 12 months. Being bullied (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.67-3.39) was significantly and highly associated with involvement in physical fighting. Smoking (aOR = 2.56; 95% CI = 2.20-2.97), males (aOR = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.62-1.93), using drugs (aOR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.09-2.15), and drinking alcohol (aOR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.24-1.63) were other factors associated with physical fighting. Parental supervision showed no significant association with physical fighting. These findings indicate that more attention needs to be given to bullying at school by school authorities and parents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hazrin Hasim
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Sahril
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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