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Sahril N, Adnan MAA, Khalil MKN, Chan YM, Yoga Ratnam KK, Lai WK, Ahmad NA. Association of dietary behaviour and depression among adolescents in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study. J Health Popul Nutr 2023; 42:133. [PMID: 38017532 PMCID: PMC10685555 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is on the rise and has become a significant concern for public health. Limited research has explored the connection between dietary patterns and depression. This investigation aimed to examine how dietary behaviours relate to depression among adolescents attending school in Malaysia. METHODS The study utilized data from the National School-Based Health Survey 2022, a nationwide survey involving school-going adolescents aged 13-17, with a total of 33,523 participants from 239 schools. To assess depression, the study employed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), considering a score of 10 or higher as indicative of depression. Dietary behaviours were assessed using a validated self-administered questionnaire adapted from the World Health Organization's Global School-based Student Health Survey. Descriptive analysis and complex sample logistic regression were carried out using SPSS version 26.0. RESULTS The study revealed a 26.9% overall prevalence of depression, with higher risks among female adolescents (AOR 2.71, 95% CI 2.51, 2.92) and those in higher grades. Malays (AOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.41, 2.07), Other Bumiputeras (AOR 1.69, 95% CI 1.32, 2.17), and Others (AOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.16, 2.30) had elevated odds of depression compared to Indians. Healthy dietary habits, like consuming less than two servings of fruits daily, correlated with depression (AOR 1.44 95% CI 1.35, 1.54). Additionally, unhealthy dietary behaviours such as fast food consumption (AOR 1.73 [95% CI 1.55, 1.93]) and carbonated soft drink intake (AOR 1.59 [95% CI 1.48, 1.70]) were positively associated with depression. CONCLUSIONS One out of every four Malaysian adolescents was identified to experience depression. Depression was linked to several factors, such as being female, belonging to higher grade levels, identifying as Malays, Other Bumiputeras, or belonging to other ethnicities, and participating in the consumption of fast food, carbonated soft drinks, and fruits. To address these observations, it is crucial to formulate effective public health programmes that prioritize adolescent mental health and encourage the adoption of healthy eating habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhafizah Sahril
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Azri Adam Adnan
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Khairul Nazrin Khalil
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Yee Mang Chan
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Kishwen Kanna Yoga Ratnam
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Wai Kent Lai
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Noor Ani Ahmad
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Block B5, No 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Malaysia
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Khalil MKN, Abd Razak MA, Tahir FA, Sahril N, Shahein NA, Rezali MS, Adnan MAA, Liew SH, Ab Wahab N, Shamsuddin N, Kassim MSA. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anaemia among Orang Asli Children in Malaysia: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061493. [PMID: 36986223 PMCID: PMC10053598 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaemia continues to be a global public health burden affecting all age groups, particularly children. Indigenous people, including the Orang Asli (OA) population in Malaysia, are at risk of anaemia due to the vast disparities in social determinants of health in their population compared to the non-indigenous population. OBJECTIVES This review aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors of anaemia among OA children in Malaysia and analyse the knowledge gaps. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Google Scholar databases. This review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. RESULTS This review identified six studies involving the participation of OA children from eight subtribes residing in Peninsular Malaysia. The overall prevalence of anaemia among OA children ranged from 21.6 to 80.0%, with iron deficiency anaemia prevalence at 34.0%. The risk factors of anaemia among OA children reported from one study in this review were being younger than ten years old children (AOR 2.11 (95% CI 1.23, 3.63)) and moderate to heavy Ascaris infections (AOR 2.05 (95% CI 1.12, 3.76)). There was no data from OA children from certain age groups and subtribes. Additionally, there is a paucity of data on risk factors for anaemia among OA children from the currently available evidence. CONCLUSION The prevalence of anaemia among OA children poses a moderate to severe public health concern. Therefore, more comprehensive studies in the future are needed to address the gaps identified in this review, primarily regarding anaemia risk factors. This data would encourage policymakers in devising effective national prevention strategies to improve morbidity and mortality among OA children in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Fatin Athirah Tahir
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Sahril
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Nik Adilah Shahein
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Solihin Rezali
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Azri Adam Adnan
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Siaw Hun Liew
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Nor'ain Ab Wahab
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Norliza Shamsuddin
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shaiful Azlan Kassim
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
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Sahril N, Chan YM, Chan YY, Ahmad NA, Kassim MSA, Shahein NA, Rezali MS, Abd Razak MA, Tahir FA, Ab Wahab N, Shamsuddin N, Adnan MAA, Khalil MKN, Liew SH. Poor Self-Rated Health and Associated Factors among Older Persons in Malaysia: A Population-Based Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:ijerph20054342. [PMID: 36901351 PMCID: PMC10002035 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the prevalence of poor self-rated health (SRH) in Malaysia and its association with sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle behavior, chronic diseases, depression, and functional limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs) among older persons. DESIGN Cross-sectional. Setting, participants, and outcome measures: We used data from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2018, a nationwide community-based study. This study was conducted using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling design. Older persons were defined as persons aged 60 years and above. SRH was assessed using the question "How do you rate your general health?" and the answers were "very good", "good", "moderate", "not good", and "very bad". SRH was then grouped into two categories; "Good" (very good and good) and "Poor" (moderate, not good, and very bad). Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were conducted using SPSS version 25.0. RESULTS The prevalence of poor SRH among older persons was 32.6%. Poor SRH was significantly related to physical inactivity, depression, and limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs). Multiple logistic regression revealed that poor SRH was positively associated with those who had depression (aOR 2.92, 95% CI:2.01,4.24), limitations in ADLs (aOR 1.82, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.54), low individual income (aOR 1.66, 95% CI:1.22, 2.26), physical inactivity (aOR 1.40, 95% CI:1.08, 1.82), and hypertension (aOR 1.23, 95% CI:1.02, 1.49). CONCLUSIONS Older persons with depression, limitations in ADLs, low income, physical inactivity, and hypertension were significantly associated with poor SRH. These findings provide information to aid health personnel and policymakers in the development and implementation of health promotion and disease prevention programs, as well as adequate evidence in planning different levels of care for the older population.
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Chan YY, Sahril N, Rezali MS, Kuang Kuay L, Baharudin A, Abd Razak MA, Azlan Kassim MS, Mohd Yusoff MF, Omar MA, Ahmad NA. Self-Reported Modifiable Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease among Older Adults in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study of Prevalence and Clustering. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18157941. [PMID: 34360235 PMCID: PMC8345577 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The co-occurrence of multiple modifiable risk factors increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity or mortality. This study examines the prevalence and clustering of self-reported modifiable CVD risk factors among older adults in Malaysia. A total of 7117 adults aged ≥50 years participated in the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2018: Elderly Health, a community-based cross-sectional survey. Data were collected using a standardized structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with the clustering of self-reported modifiable CVD risk factors. The prevalence of self-reported diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, overweight/obesity, and current smoking was 23.3%, 42.2%, 35.6%, 58.4%, and 17.5%, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of clustering of ≥1, ≥2, and ≥3 modifiable CVD risk factors was 83.3%, 75.4%, and 62.6%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that men, 60–69 age group, urban dwellers, having no formal education, unemployed/retirees/homemakers, and being physically inactive were independently associated with self-reported modifiable CVD risk factors clustering. There are also ethnic differences in self-reported modifiable CVD risk factors clustering. Our findings underscore the necessity of targeted interventions and integrated strategies for early detection and treatment of modifiable CVD risk factors among older adults, considering age, sex, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ying Chan
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia; (N.S.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.A.R.); (M.S.A.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Norhafizah Sahril
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia; (N.S.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.A.R.); (M.S.A.K.)
| | - Muhammad Solihin Rezali
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia; (N.S.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.A.R.); (M.S.A.K.)
| | - Lim Kuang Kuay
- Centre for Occupational Health Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia;
| | - Azli Baharudin
- Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia;
| | - Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia; (N.S.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.A.R.); (M.S.A.K.)
| | - Mohd Shaiful Azlan Kassim
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia; (N.S.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.A.R.); (M.S.A.K.)
| | - Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Azahadi Omar
- Sector for Biostatistics & Data Repository, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia;
| | - Noor Ani Ahmad
- Director Office, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia;
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Chan YM, Sahril N, Chan YY, Ab Wahab NA, Shamsuddin N, Ismail MZH. Vision and Hearing Impairments Affecting Activities of Daily Living among Malaysian Older Adults by Gender. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18126271. [PMID: 34200564 PMCID: PMC8296057 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vision and hearing impairments are common among older adults and can cause undesirable health effects. There are limited studies from low- and middle-income countries exploring gender differences between vision and hearing impairment with Activities of Daily Living (ADL) disability. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate gender differences between vision and hearing impairments with ADL disability among older adults in Malaysia. Cross-sectional data from 3977 respondents aged 60 and above from the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey 2018 were used. We used logistic regression analysis to measure associations between vision and hearing impairments with ADL disability, adjusted for covariates. The prevalence of ADL disability was higher among females than males (p < 0.001). The adjusted associations between vision impairment and ADL disability were significant among males (aOR 3.79; 95%CI 2.26, 6.38) and females (aOR 2.66; 95%CI 1.36, 5.21). Similarly, significant adjusted associations were found between hearing impairment and ADL disability among males (aOR 5.76; 95%CI 3.52, 9.40) and females (aOR 3.30; 95%CI 1.17, 9.33). Vision and hearing impairments were significantly associated with ADL disability, with no gender differences identified. Early detection and effective management of vision and hearing impairments are important to prevent ADL disability and improve older adults' level of independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Mang Chan
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia; (N.S.); (Y.Y.C.); (N.A.A.W.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Norhafizah Sahril
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia; (N.S.); (Y.Y.C.); (N.A.A.W.); (N.S.)
| | - Ying Ying Chan
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia; (N.S.); (Y.Y.C.); (N.A.A.W.); (N.S.)
| | - Nor’ Ain Ab Wahab
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia; (N.S.); (Y.Y.C.); (N.A.A.W.); (N.S.)
| | - Norliza Shamsuddin
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia; (N.S.); (Y.Y.C.); (N.A.A.W.); (N.S.)
| | - Muhd Zulfadli Hafiz Ismail
- Sector for Biostatistics and Data Repository, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia;
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Sooryanarayana R, Ganapathy SS, Abdul Manaf R, Mohammad NM, Ibrahim Wong N, Ahmad NA, Ying CY, Sahril N, Abd Wahab N, Nik Shahein NA, Aris T. FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ATTENDANCE TO EARLY CHIDHOOD EDUCATION PROGRAMS IN MALAYSIA: RESULTS FROM THE NATIONAL HEALTH AND MORBIDITY SURVEY (MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH) 2016. MJPHM 2021; 21:356-366. [DOI: 10.37268/mjphm/vol.21/no.1/art.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2016 was a nationwide cross-sectional survey focusing on maternal and child health. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of, and factors associated with early childhood educational program (ECE) attendance among children aged three to five years in Malaysia. Attendance to ECE has been shown to enhance children’s development, yet there is no national information on ECE attendance in Malaysia, where attendance is not compulsory for children below five years. Parents were interviewed face-to-face utilising a validated questionnaire from the UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey using mobile devices. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with ECE attendance. Half (53.4%) of children aged three to five years in Malaysia attend ECE. Older children aged four to five were six times more likely to attend ECE than children three to four years. Malaysian children of Chinese ethnicity were thrice as likely than ethnic Malays to attend ECE. Children with access to >3 children’s books were twice more likely to attend ECE than those who had access to <3 books. Unemployed mothers were less likely to send their children to ECE than mothers employed in civil service. More awareness on the importance and benefits of ECE attendance on children’s development is necessary so that younger children benefit from ECE.
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Ahmad NA, Abd Razak MA, Kassim MS, Sahril N, Ahmad FH, Harith AA, Mahmud NA, Abdul Aziz FA, Hasim MH, Ismail H, Mohd Sidik S. Association between functional limitations and depression among community-dwelling older adults in Malaysia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20 Suppl 2:21-25. [PMID: 33370850 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to assess the relationship between functional limitations and depression among community-dwelling older adults in Malaysia. METHODS Data from a nation-wide community-based cross-sectional study were analyzed. This study was conducted using a two-stage stratified random sampling design. In total, 3772 older adults aged ≥60 years responded to the survey. Depression was identified using a validated Malay version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (M-GDS-14), with those scored ≥6 categorized as having depression. Functional limitations were assessed using both Barthel's Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Lawton's Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). The relationship was determined by multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for other variables. RESULTS The prevalence of depression was 11.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.4, 13.4). Multiple logistic regression analysis found that older adults with limitations in ADL were 2.6 times more likely of having depression (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.58, 95% CI 2.01, 3.32), while those with limitations in IADL the risk of having depression was almost doubled (aOR 1.68, 95% CI: 1.32, 2.14). Other significant factors were incontinence (aOR 3.33, 95% CI: 2.33, 4.74), chronic medical illness (aOR 1.44, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.81), current smoker (aOR 4.19, 95% CI: 1.69, 10.39), poor social support (aOR 4.30, 95% CI: 2.98, 6.20), do not have partner, ethnic minorities and low individual monthly income. CONCLUSIONS Older adults with functional limitation in both basic ADL and complex IADL are independently at higher risk of having depression. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 21-25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Ani Ahmad
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd ShaifulAzlan Kassim
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Sahril
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fazila Haryati Ahmad
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Aziz Harith
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Azna Mahmud
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fazly Azry Abdul Aziz
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hazrin Hasim
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hasimah Ismail
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sherina Mohd Sidik
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Harith AA, Ahmad NA, Sahril N, Wahab NA, Kassim NA, Othman S, Din S, Hussin SSC, Mahmud NA, Azlan MS, Seman Z. Prevalence and determinants of hearing disability among older persons in Malaysia: Finding of National Health Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2018. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20 Suppl 2:43-48. [PMID: 33370862 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM An aging population is a potential burden for unprepared developing countries. Malaysia is foreseen to be an aging country by 2035. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with hearing disability among older persons in Malaysia. METHODS Data from a nationwide survey implemented using a stratified cluster sampling design were analyzed. This study was carried out through face-to-face interviews and guided questionnaires. The questions were based on the Washington Group of Disability (WG) questionnaires, which produce multiple disability identifiers. Hearing disability is defined as at least one domain or question out of four questions coded as "A lot of difficulty" or "Cannot hear at all". RESULTS The prevalence of hearing disability among older persons aged ≥60 years was 6.4% (95% CI 5.0-8.3), whereas 1.5% (95% CI 0.90, 2.50) older persons were reported to be using a hearing aid. The determinants of hearing disability are being male (aOR 2.67, 95% CI 1.94-3.66), being unemployed (retired, homemaker, unemployed; aOR 1.86, 95% CI 1.86-4.14) and had no formal education (aOR 18.25, 95% CI 4.18-79.55). CONCLUSIONS Promoting healthy aging is important and crucial for Malaysia, in preparation toward an aging nation, as it could reduce the country's financial burden in the long term. Health-related agencies should promote health awareness and treatment centers in relation to hearing disability among older persons, as they should be educated and informed about healthcare choices availability, which is aligned with the Global Disability Action Plan 2014-2021. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 43-48.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Aziz Harith
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noor Ani Ahmad
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Sahril
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor'ain Ab Wahab
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noraida Abdul Kassim
- Family Health Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Salimah Othman
- Family Health Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Sobani Din
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Sungai Buluh Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Siti Suriani Che Hussin
- Otorhinolaryngology Departments, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Azna Mahmud
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shaiful Azlan
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zamtira Seman
- Biostatistic and Data Repository Sector, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Sahril N, Shahein NA, Yoep N, Mahmud NA, Sooryanarayana R, Maw Pin T, Muhamad NA, Ismail H. Prevalence and factors associated with falls among older persons in Malaysia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20 Suppl 2:33-37. [PMID: 33370863 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Falls are a common problem among older people, leading to major morbidity and increased mortality. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of falls among older persons in Malaysia and its associated factors. METHODS Data were obtained from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2018 (NHMS 2018), a cross-sectional study using stratified cluster sampling design. Older persons were defined as aged ≥60 years in this study. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were conducted using SPSS version 25.0. RESULTS Overall, 14.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.46, 15.84) of older persons reported having experienced at least one fall during the past 12 months. Univariate analyses revealed an association between the history of falls with not being employed (odds ratio [OR]: 1.35 [95% CI: 1.03, 1.77]), diabetes mellitus (OR: 1.65 [95% CI: 1.33, 2.04]), limitation in activities of daily living (ADL) (OR: 1.90 [95% CI: 1.43, 2.54]) or instrumental ADL (OR: 1.47 [95% CI: 1.16, 1.84]). Multiple logistic regression revealed that falls were positively associated with those who had diabetes mellitus (OR: 1.55 [95% CI: 1.23, 1.94]) and limitation in ADL (OR: 1.56 [95% CI: 1.14, 2.15]); 43.9% of falls occurred outdoors. CONCLUSION One in six older Malaysian people experience at least one fall over a 12-month period. Diabetes mellitus and limitation in ADL were the factors associated with falls among older persons. A comprehensive and targeted program designed to reduce risk of falls is urgently needed. Future research should identify suitable programs for our setting to reduce the potential society burden of falls in older Malaysians. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 33-37.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhafizah Sahril
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nik Adilah Shahein
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norzawati Yoep
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azna Mahmud
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rajini Sooryanarayana
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Family Health Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Tan Maw Pin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Asiah Muhamad
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hasimah Ismail
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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10
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Taufik Ramli MH, Lodz NA, Abdul Aziz FA, Maw Pin T, Alias N, Abdul Mutalip MH, Sahril N, Kassim MSA, Mat Rifin H, Muhammad EN. Relationship between urinary incontinence and quality of life of older persons in Malaysia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20 Suppl 2:38-42. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhd H Taufik Ramli
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Noor Aliza Lodz
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Fazly Azry Abdul Aziz
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Tan Maw Pin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Nazirah Alias
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hatta Abdul Mutalip
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Sahril
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shaiful Azlan Kassim
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Halizah Mat Rifin
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Eida Nurhadzira Muhammad
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
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11
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Sien YP, Sahril N, Mutalip MHA, Zaki NAM, Ghaffar SA. Determinants of Dietary Supplements Use among Adolescents in Malaysia. Asia Pac J Public Health 2014; 26:36S-43S. [DOI: 10.1177/1010539514543681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dietary supplements use is relatively widespread in some countries but knowledge of supplements consumption in Malaysia is limited, more so among adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of dietary supplements use among Malaysian adolescents using multiple logistic regressions analysis. Data from the Malaysia School-based Nutrition Survey 2012 based on a 2-stage stratified sampling was used. The prevalence of vitamin/mineral supplements and food supplements intake among adolescents was 54.1% and 40.2%, respectively. Usage was significantly higher among younger adolescents and among boys. Dietary supplements were also taken mostly by those who thought they were underweight. The most common vitamin/mineral supplements and food supplements consumed were vitamin C and bee products. The main reason for taking supplements was parents’ instruction. These findings can be useful for developing health communications on supplement use targeted to adolescents and their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeo Pei Sien
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Sahril
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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12
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Mat Hussin SF, Abd Aziz NS, Hasim H, Sahril N. Prevalence and factors associated with physical fighting among Malaysian adolescents. Asia Pac J Public Health 2014; 26:108S-15S. [PMID: 25038192 DOI: 10.1177/1010539514542423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Physical fighting among adolescents is one manifestation of interpersonal violence that is an important issue globally, but attention to this problem in Malaysia has been limited. We analyzed data available from the Malaysia Global School-Based Health Survey conducted in 2012. Of the 25 507 respondents, 27.4% reported having been in a physical fight in the past 12 months. Being bullied (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.67-3.39) was significantly and highly associated with involvement in physical fighting. Smoking (aOR = 2.56; 95% CI = 2.20-2.97), males (aOR = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.62-1.93), using drugs (aOR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.09-2.15), and drinking alcohol (aOR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.24-1.63) were other factors associated with physical fighting. Parental supervision showed no significant association with physical fighting. These findings indicate that more attention needs to be given to bullying at school by school authorities and parents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hazrin Hasim
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Sahril
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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13
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Abstract
Illicit drug use among adolescents has become a public health issue in Malaysia. This study was from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) and aimed to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with illicit drug use among school-going adolescents in Malaysia. A 2-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used and data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire. A total of 25 507 students participated in the study. The prevalence of adolescents who ever used illicit drugs was 1.7%. Adolescents who ever used illicit drugs were associated with current smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 6.99; 95% CI = 5.19, 9.40), current alcohol use (aOR = 4.63; 95% CI = 3.43, 6.26), ever having sex (aOR = 4.76; 95% CI = 3.54, 6.41), truancy (aOR = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.07, 1.90), lack of peer support (aOR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.07, 2.03), and lack of parental monitoring (aOR = 1.71; 95% CI = 1.22, 2.39). Public health intervention should be addressed to prevent illicit drug used among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadhli Yusoff
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Sahril
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Naim M Rasidi
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azian M Zaki
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norazlina Muhamad
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - NoorAni Ahmad
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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14
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Sahril N, Aris T, Mohd Asari AS, Yaw SL, Saleh NC, Omar MA, Teh CH, Abdul Muttalib K, Idzwan MF, Low LL, Junid NZ, Ismail F, Ismail NA, Abu Talib N. Oral health seeking behaviour among Malaysians with type II diabetes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.7243/2055-7205-1-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Naidu BM, Mahmud SZ, Ambak R, Sallehuddin SM, Mutalip HA, Saari R, Sahril N, Hamid HAA. Overweight among primary school-age children in Malaysia. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2013; 22:408-15. [PMID: 23945411 DOI: 10.6133/apjcn.2013.22.3.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study is a secondary data analysis from the National Health Morbidity Survey III, a population-based study conducted in 2006. A total of 7,749 children between 7 and 12 years old were recruited into the study. This study seeks to report the prevalence of overweight (including obesity) children in Malaysia using international cut-off point and identify its associated key social determinants. The results show that the overall prevalence of overweight children in Malaysia was 19.9%. The urban residents, males, Chinese, those who are wealthy, have overweight or educated guardians showed higher prevalence of overweight. In multivariable analysis, higher likelihood of being overweight was observed among those with advancing age (OR=1.15), urban residents (OR=1.16, 95% CI: 1.01-1.36), the Chinese (OR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.19-1.77), boys (OR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.08-1.41), and those who came from higher income family. In conclusion, one out of five of 7-12 year-old-children in Malaysia were overweight. Locality of residence, ethnicity, gender, guardian education, and overweight guardian were likely to be the predictors of this alarming issue. Societal and public health efforts are needed in order to reduce the burden of disease associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balkish Mahadir Naidu
- Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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