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Bettariga F, Taaffe DR, Galvão DA, Bishop C, Kim JS, Newton RU. Suppressive effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells: A narrative review of the influence of exercise mode, volume, and intensity. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:484-498. [PMID: 38081360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the incidence is increasing, highlighting the need for effective strategies to treat this disease. Exercise has emerged as fundamental therapeutic medicine in the management of cancer, associated with a lower risk of recurrence and increased survival. Several avenues of research demonstrate reduction in growth, proliferation, and increased apoptosis of cancer cells, including breast, prostate, colorectal, and lung cancer, when cultured by serum collected after exercise in vitro (i.e., the cultivation of cancer cell lines in an experimental setting, which simplifies the biological system and provides mechanistic insight into cell responses). The underlying mechanisms of exercise-induced cancer suppressive effects may be attributed to the alteration in circulating factors, such as skeletal muscle-induced cytokines (i.e., myokines) and hormones. However, exercise-induced tumor suppressive effects and detailed information about training interventions are not well investigated, constraining more precise application of exercise medicine within clinical oncology. To date, it remains unclear what role different training modes (i.e., resistance and aerobic training) as well as volume and intensity have on exercise-conditioned serum and its effects on cancer cells. Nevertheless, the available evidence is that a single bout of aerobic training at moderate to vigorous intensity has cancer suppressive effects, while for chronic training interventions, exercise volume appears to be an influential candidate driving cancer inhibitory effects regardless of training mode. Insights for future research investigating training modes, volume and intensity are provided to further our understanding of the effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bettariga
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Chris Bishop
- London Sport Institute, School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Zhu DH, Su KK, Ou-Yang XX, Zhang YH, Yu XP, Li ZH, Ahmadi-Nishaboori SS, Li LJ. Mechanisms and clinical landscape of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification in gastrointestinal tract cancers. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05040-x. [PMID: 38856795 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05040-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetics encompasses reversible and heritable chemical modifications of non-nuclear DNA sequences, including DNA and RNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNA modifications, and chromatin rearrangements. In addition to well-studied DNA and histone methylation, RNA methylation has emerged as a hot topic in biological sciences over the past decade. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common and abundant modification in eukaryotic mRNA, affecting all RNA stages, including transcription, translation, and degradation. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies made it feasible to identify the chemical basis and biological functions of m6A RNA. Dysregulation of m6A levels and associated modifying proteins can both inhibit and promote cancer, highlighting the importance of the tumor microenvironment in diverse biological processes. Gastrointestinal tract cancers, including gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers, are among the most common and deadly malignancies in humans. Growing evidence suggests a close association between m6A levels and the progression of gastrointestinal tumors. Global m6A modification levels are substantially modified in gastrointestinal tumor tissues and cell lines compared to healthy tissues and cells, possibly influencing various biological behaviors such as tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Exploring the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of m6A-related proteins is critical from a clinical standpoint. Developing more specific and effective m6A modulators offers new options for treating these tumors and deeper insights into gastrointestinal tract cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Hua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Kun-Kai Su
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Ou-Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zu-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | | | - Lan-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Jia J, Zhao H, Li F, Zheng Q, Wang G, Li D, Liu Y. Research on drug treatment and the novel signaling pathway of chronic atrophic gastritis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116912. [PMID: 38850667 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a global digestive system disease and one of the important causes of gastric cancer. The incidence of CAG has been increasing yearly worldwide. PURPOSE This article reviews the latest research on the common causes and future therapeutic targets of CAG as well as the pharmacological effects of corresponding clinical drugs. We provide a detailed theoretical basis for further research on possible methods for the treatment of CAG and reversal of the CAG process. RESULTS CAG often develops from chronic gastritis, and its main pathological manifestation is atrophy of the gastric mucosa, which can develop into gastric cancer. The drug treatment of CAG can be divided into agents that regulate gastric acid secretion, eradicate Helicobacter. pylori (H. pylori), protect gastric mucous membrane, or inhibit inflammatory factors according to their mechanism of action. Although there are limited specific drugs for the treatment of CAG, progress is being made in defining the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of the disease. Growing evidence shows that NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, Wnt/ β-catenin, MAPK, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), Hedgehog, and VEGF signaling pathways play an important role in the development of CAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhao Jia
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Huijie Zhao
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Fangfei Li
- Shum Yiu Foon Shum Bik Chuen Memorial Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, PR China
| | - Guoli Wang
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Defang Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, PR China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China.
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4
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Xu Z, Li W, Dong X, Chen Y, Zhang D, Wang J, Zhou L, He G. Precision medicine in colorectal cancer: Leveraging multi-omics, spatial omics, and artificial intelligence. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 559:119686. [PMID: 38663471 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Recent advancements in genomic technologies and analytical approaches have revolutionized CRC research, enabling precision medicine. This review highlights the integration of multi-omics, spatial omics, and artificial intelligence (AI) in advancing precision medicine for CRC. Multi-omics approaches have uncovered molecular mechanisms driving CRC progression, while spatial omics have provided insights into the spatial heterogeneity of gene expression in CRC tissues. AI techniques have been utilized to analyze complex datasets, identify new treatment targets, and enhance diagnosis and prognosis. Despite the tumor's heterogeneity and genetic and epigenetic complexity, the fusion of multi-omics, spatial omics, and AI shows the potential to overcome these challenges and advance precision medicine in CRC. The future lies in integrating these technologies to provide deeper insights and enable personalized therapies for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishan Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Xiangyang Dong
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Jingnan Wang
- Xinxiang Medical University SanQuan Medical College, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Guoyang He
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China.
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Li J, Jiang Z, He J, Yang K, Chen J, Deng Q, Li X, Wu F, Xu S, Jiang Z. Effect of CHRDL1 on angiogenesis and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells via TGF-β/VEGF pathway. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1092-1105. [PMID: 38415870 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common digestive tract tumor with the third incidence and death in the world. There is still an urgent need for effective therapeutic targets and prognostic markers for CRC. Herein, we report a novel potential target and marker, Chordin like-1 (CHRDL1). The function of CHRDL1 has been reported in gastric cancer, breast cancer, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, the biological effect of CHRDL1 in CRC remains unrevealed. Transwell and tube formation experiments were used to determine the biological function of CHRDL1. Western blot and rescue experiments were used to determine the specific mechanisms of CHRDL1. Results showed CHRDL1 is significantly downregulated in CRC cell lines and tissues. In vitro, experiments confirmed that CHRDL1 can inhibit cell growth, migration, invasion, angiogenesis and reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. In vivo, experiments proved that it can inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, we newly find that CHRDL1 exerts biological functions through the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/vascular endothelial growth factor signaling axis in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, we concluded that CHRDL1 reduces the growth, migration, and angiogenesis of CRC cells by downregulating TGF-β signaling. Our new findings on CHRDL1 may provide a basis for clinical antiangiogenesis therapy and the prognosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongxiang Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianxi Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuman Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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van Toledo DEFWM, IJspeert JEG, Bleijenberg AGC, Depla A, Montazeri NSM, Dekker E. Effect of an E-learning resource on endoscopists' proximal serrated polyp detection rate: a randomized controlled trial. Endoscopy 2024; 56:412-420. [PMID: 38191001 DOI: 10.1055/a-2240-7823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies demonstrated that a higher proximal serrated polyp detection rate (PSPDR) among endoscopists is associated with a lower risk of post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC) incidence and death for their patients. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of an e-learning resource on PSPDR. METHODS We performed a multicenter randomized controlled trial within the Dutch fecal immunochemical test-based colorectal cancer screening program. Endoscopists were randomized using block randomization per center to either receive a 60-minute e-learning resource on serrated polyp detection or not. PSPDR was calculated based on all colonoscopies performed during a 27-month pre-intervention and a 17-month post-intervention period. The primary end point was difference in PSPDR between intervention and control arms (intention to treat) using mixed effect logistic regression modeling, with time (pre-intervention/post-intervention) and interaction between time and arm (intervention/control) as fixed effects, and endoscopists as random effects. RESULTS 116 endoscopists (57 intervention, 59 controls) were included, and performed 27494 and 33888 colonoscopies, respectively. Median PSPDR pre-intervention was 13.6% (95%CI 13.0-14.1) in the intervention arm and 13.8% (95%CI 13.3-14.3) in controls. Post-intervention PSPDR was significantly higher over time in the intervention arm than in controls (17.1% vs. 15.4%, P=0.01). CONCLUSION In an era of increased awareness and increasing PSPDRs, endoscopists who undertook a one-time e-learning course significantly accelerated the increase in PSPDR compared with endoscopists who did not undertake the e-learning. Widespread implementation might reduce PCCRC incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E F W M van Toledo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joep E G IJspeert
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arne G C Bleijenberg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anne Depla
- Department of Gastroenterology, DC Klinieken, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nahid S M Montazeri
- Biostatistics Unit, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Evelien Dekker
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Buckley DN, Tew BY, Gooden C, Salhia B. A comprehensive analysis of minimally differentially methylated regions common to pediatric and adult solid tumors. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:125. [PMID: 38824198 PMCID: PMC11144230 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00590-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second most common cause of death in children aged 1-14 years in the United States, with 11,000 new cases and 1200 deaths annually. Pediatric cancers typically have lower mutational burden compared to adult-onset cancers, however, the epigenomes in pediatric cancer are highly altered, with widespread DNA methylation changes. The rarity of pediatric cancers poses a significant challenge to developing cancer-type specific biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment monitoring. In the current study, we explored the potential of a DNA methylation profile common across various pediatric cancers. To do this, we conducted whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) on 31 recurrent pediatric tumor tissues, 13 normal tissues, and 20 plasma cell-free (cf)DNA samples, representing 11 different pediatric cancer types. We defined minimal focal regions that were differentially methylated across samples in the multiple cancer types which we termed minimally differentially methylated regions (mDMRs). These methylation changes were also observed in 506 pediatric and 5691 adult cancer samples accessed from publicly available databases, and in 44 pediatric cancer samples we analyzed using a targeted hybridization probe capture assay. Finally, we found that these methylation changes were detectable in cfDNA and could serve as potential cfDNA methylation biomarkers for early detection or minimal residual disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N Buckley
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ben Yi Tew
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chris Gooden
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bodour Salhia
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Wang Z, Chang Y, Sun H, Li Y, Tang T. Advances in molecular mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease‑associated colorectal cancer (Review). Oncol Lett 2024; 27:257. [PMID: 38646499 PMCID: PMC11027113 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The link between inflammation and cancer is well documented and colonic inflammation caused by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is thought to be a high-risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). The complex crosstalk between epithelial and inflammatory cells is thought to underlie the progression from inflammation to cancer. The present review collates and summarises recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of IBD-associated CRC (IBD-CRC), including the oncogenic mechanisms of the main inflammatory signalling pathways and genetic alterations induced by oxidative stress during colonic inflammation, and discusses the crosstalk between the tumour microenvironment, intestinal flora and host immune factors during inflammatory oncogenesis in colitis-associated CRC. In addition, the therapeutic implications of anti-inflammatory therapy for IBD-CRC were discussed, intending to provide new insight into improve clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Yuqin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Tongyu Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
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Kuru-Yaşar R, Üstün-Aytekin Ö. The Crucial Roles of Diet, Microbiota, and Postbiotics in Colorectal Cancer. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:126-151. [PMID: 38483752 PMCID: PMC11133122 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Colorectal cancer is the second deadliest cancer in the world, and its prevalence has been increasing alarmingly in recent years. After researchers discovered the existence of dysbiosis in colorectal cancer, they considered the use of probiotics in the treatment of colorectal cancer. However, for various reasons, including the low safety profile of probiotics in susceptible and immunocompromised patient5s, and the risk of developing antibiotic resistance, researchers have shifted their focus to non-living cells, their components, and metabolites. This review aims to comprehensively evaluate the literature on the effects of diet, microbiota, and postbiotics on colorectal cancer and the future of postbiotics. RECENT FINDINGS The link between diet, gut microbiota, and colorectal cancer has been established primarily as a relationship rather than a cause-effect relationship. The gut microbiota can convert gastrointestinal tract and dietary factors into either onco-metabolites or tumor suppressor metabolites. There is serious dysbiosis in the microbiota in colorectal cancer. Postbiotics appear to be promising agents in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. It has been shown that various postbiotics can selectively induce apoptosis in CRC, inhibit cell proliferation, growth, invasion, and migration, modulate the immune system, suppress carcinogenic signaling pathways, maintain intestinal epithelial integrity, and have a synergistic effect with chemotherapy drugs. However, it is also reported that some postbiotics are ineffective and may be risky in terms of safety profile in some patients. Many issues need to be researched about postbiotics. Large-scale, randomized, double-blind clinical studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüya Kuru-Yaşar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, 34668, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Özlem Üstün-Aytekin
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, 34668, Istanbul, Türkiye.
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Wibowo AA, Willyanto NA. The efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids (O3FAs) as a complementary in colorectal cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 61:322-332. [PMID: 38777451 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy in developed countries. Therefore, omega-3 fatty acids (O3FAs) have been suggested as a beneficial complementary treatment due to their ability to regulate inflammatory responses and improve nutrition levels.This study aimed to evaluate the effects of O3FAs as a complementary treatment for inflammation, nutrition levels, post-operative infectious complications, and enhancement of recovery in CRC patients. METHODS The literature search was carried out through three databases. The outcomes of interest were assessed by measuring pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and CRP levels, serum albumin levels for nutrition assessment, post-operative infectious complications, and length of stay for recovery evaluation. Quality appraisal and meta-analysis were performed using RoB 2.0 and RevMan 5.4, respectively. RESULTS The result showed that O3FAs significantly reduced IL-6, CRP, and TNF-α, but did not affect IL-1β. Furthermore, the variable slightly increased serum albumin levels and the supplementation led to a decrease in post-operative infectious complications and shortened hospital stays. CONCLUSION O3FAs as a complementary treatment provided advantages for CRC patients, Further clinical trials and experiments should also be made emphasizing the impact and clinical implementation of O3FA in the nutritional status of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agung Ary Wibowo
- Department of Surgery, Digestive Division, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia.
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Olukunle OF, Omoboyede V, Chukwuemeka PO. Network pharmacology and molecular docking-based identification of drug candidates and key targets of Allium sativum for colorectal cancer treatment. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:4442-4455. [PMID: 37325859 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2220823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a type of cancer with high morbidity and mortality in several developing and developed countries of the world. Its mortality and morbidity are predicted to increase over the next decade, hence, efforts aimed at combating it have remained unabated. In the context of its treatment, the use of chemotherapeutics is often limited by challenges including cost-ineffectiveness, side effects, and drug resistance. Hence, medicinal plants are actively being explored for alternatives. In this study, Allium sativum (A. sativum) was explored for the discovery of key compounds that are worthy of exploration in the context of CRC treatment and the potential mechanism of its anti-CRC effects. The bioactive compounds of A. sativum were retrieved and subjected to drug-likeness and pharmacokinetics properties evaluation, the putative targets of compounds with admirable properties were predicted using PharmMapper while the targets of CRC were retrieved from GeneCards. The interactions between the targets common to both were retrieved from the String database while Cytoscape software was used to visualize and analyze the interactions. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) study revealed the biological processes and pathways A. sativum could potentially restore in CRC. These analyses revealed the key targets via which A. sativum compounds exert their anti-CRC properties, while molecular docking studies of the key compounds against the key targets revealed beta-sitosterol and alpha-bisabolene as the compounds with the highest binding affinity for the key targets. Ultimately, further experimental studies are needed to validate the findings of this study.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatoyin Folake Olukunle
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Victor Omoboyede
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
- Computer-Aided therapeutic laboratory (CATL), School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Prosper Obed Chukwuemeka
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
- Computer-Aided therapeutic laboratory (CATL), School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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12
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Qu Y, Cheng Y, Chen F. The relationship between caffeine consumption and colon cancer prevalence in a nationally representative population. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1375252. [PMID: 38863582 PMCID: PMC11165181 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1375252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims This study examines the correlation between caffeine consumption and the prevalence of colon cancer. Methods Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the years 2001 to 2014, we applied weighted logistic regression to evaluate the association between caffeine consumption and the prevalence of colon cancer. This analysis accounted for variables including age, gender, race, education, poverty income ratio, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and diabetes. The findings were expressed as weighted odds ratios (ORs) with accompanying 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The restricted cubic spline analysis was performed to exam the dose-dependent relationship. Results The study included 27,637 participants, of which 144 were diagnosed with colon cancer and 27,493 served as controls. Individuals in the highest quartile (Q4) of caffeine consumption (Q4) displayed a significantly increased risk of colon cancer compared to those in the lowest quartile (Q1), with a weighted OR of 2.00 (95% CI: 1.11-3.59; p = 0.022). Additionally, restricted cubic spline analysis indicated a significant correlation between higher caffeine intake and increased colon cancer risk, with an overall association p-value of 0.007. Conclusion These findings suggest a potential relationship between higher levels of caffeine consumption and an increased risk of colon cancer. The dose-response relationship suggests a notable correlation at higher caffeine intake levels. Further investigations are warranted to confirm these results and elucidate potential underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Qu
- Department of Anorectology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulu Cheng
- Department of Disinfection Supply Center, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengming Chen
- Department of Anorectology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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13
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Diao YH, Rao SQ, Shu XP, Cheng Y, Tan C, Wang LJ, Peng D. Prognostic prediction model of colorectal cancer based on preoperative serum tumor markers. World J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 16:1344-1353. [PMID: 38817280 PMCID: PMC11135305 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i5.1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative serum tumor markers not only play a role in the auxiliary diagnosis and postoperative monitoring in colorectal cancer (CRC), but also have been found to have potential prognostic value. AIM To analyze whether preoperative serum tumor markers, including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), affect the prognosis of CRC. METHODS This was a retrospective study conducted in a single center. Patients with nonmetastatic CRC who underwent initial surgery between January 2011 and January 2020 were enrolled and divided into development site and validation site groups at a ratio of 7:3. The independent prognostic factors were screened by Cox regression analysis, and finally, a prognostic nomogram model was established. The newly developed model was tested by internal validation. RESULTS Eventually, 3526 postoperative patients with nonmetastatic CRC were included in the study. There were 2473 patients at the development site and 1056 patients at the validation site. Age (P < 0.01, HR = 1.042, 95%CI = 1.033-1.051), tumor node metastasis (TNM) classification (P < 0.01, HR = 1.938, 95%CI = 1.665-2.255), preoperative CEA (P = 0.001, HR = 1.393, 95%CI = 1.137-1.707) and CA19-9 (P < 0.01, HR = 1.948, 95%CI = 1.614-2.438) levels were considered independent prognostic factors for patients with nonmetastatic CRC and were used as variables in the nomogram model. The areas under the curve of the development and validation sites were 0.655 and 0.658, respectively. The calibration plot also showed the significant performance of the newly established nomogram. CONCLUSION We successfully constructed a nomogram model based on age, TNM stage, preoperative CEA, and CA19-9 levels to evaluate the overall survival of patients with nonmetastatic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hang Diao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Si-Qi Rao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xin-Peng Shu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Can Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Li-Juan Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dong Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Khatun S, Prasad Bhagat R, Dutta R, Datta A, Jaiswal A, Halder S, Jha T, Amin SA, Gayen S. Unraveling HDAC11: Epigenetic orchestra in different diseases and structural insights for inhibitor design. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116312. [PMID: 38788962 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11), a member of the HDAC family, has emerged as a critical regulator in numerous physiological as well as pathological processes. Due to its diverse roles, HDAC11 has been a focal point of research in recent times. Different non-selective inhibitors are already approved, and research is going on to find selective HDAC11 inhibitors. The objective of this review is to comprehensively explore the role of HDAC11 as a pivotal regulator in a multitude of physiological and pathological processes. It aims to delve into the intricate details of HDAC11's structural and functional aspects, elucidating its molecular interactions and implications in different disease contexts. With a primary focus on elucidating the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of HDAC11 inhibitors, this review also aims to provide a holistic understanding of how its molecular architecture influences its inhibition. Additionally, by integrating both established knowledge and recent research, the review seeks to contribute novel insights into the potential therapeutic applications of HDAC11 inhibitors. Overall, the scope of this review spans from fundamental research elucidating the complexities of HDAC11 biology to the potential of targeting HDAC11 in therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samima Khatun
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Rinki Prasad Bhagat
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Ritam Dutta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, JIS University, 81, Nilgunj Road, Agarpara, Kolkata 700109, West Bengal, India
| | - Anwesha Datta
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhishek Jaiswal
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Swapnamay Halder
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sk Abdul Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, JIS University, 81, Nilgunj Road, Agarpara, Kolkata 700109, West Bengal, India.
| | - Shovanlal Gayen
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.
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Yunussova N, Tilegen M, Pham TT, Kanayeva D. Rapid detection of carcinoembryonic antigen by means of an electrochemical aptasensor. iScience 2024; 27:109637. [PMID: 38646165 PMCID: PMC11033162 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a critical biomarker for identifying colon cancer. This work presents an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) based aptasensor for detecting CEA, utilizing a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamer previously selected and characterized by our research group. The surface of an interdigitated gold electrode (IDE) was successfully functionalized with an 18-HEG-modified aptamer sequence. The developed aptasensor demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity with detection limits of 2.4 pg/mL and 3.8 pg/mL for CEA in buffer and human serum samples, respectively. The optimal incubation time for the target protein was 20 min, and EIS measurements took less than 3 min. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) micrographs supported the EIS data, demonstrating a change in IDE surface roughness after each modification step, confirming the successful capture of the target. The potential of this developed EIS aptasensor in detecting CEA in complex samples holds promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigara Yunussova
- Ph.D. program in Life Sciences, Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay batyr Avenue, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Meruyert Tilegen
- M.Sc. program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, 5/1 Kerey-Zhanibek Khandar St, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Tri Thanh Pham
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay batyr Avenue, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Damira Kanayeva
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay batyr Avenue, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
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Liu D, Wu G, Wang S, Zheng X, Che X. Evaluating the Role of Neddylation Modifications in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma: An Integrated Approach Using Bioinformatics, MLN4924 Dosing Experiments, and RNA Sequencing. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:635. [PMID: 38794205 PMCID: PMC11125012 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neddylation, a post-translational modification process, plays a crucial role in various human neoplasms. However, its connection with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) remains under-researched. METHODS We validated the Gene Set Cancer Analysis Lite (GSCALite) platform against The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, analyzing 33 cancer types and their link with 17 neddylation-related genes. This included examining copy number variations (CNVs), single nucleotide variations (SNVs), mRNA expression, cellular pathway involvement, and methylation. Using Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA), we categorized these genes into three clusters and examined their impact on KIRC patient prognosis, drug responses, immune infiltration, and oncogenic pathways. Afterward, our objective is to identify genes that exhibit overexpression in KIRC and are associated with an adverse prognosis. After pinpointing the specific target gene, we used the specific inhibitor MLN4924 to inhibit the neddylation pathway to conduct RNA sequencing and related in vitro experiments to verify and study the specificity and potential mechanisms related to the target. This approach is geared towards enhancing our understanding of the prognostic importance of neddylation modification in KIRC. RESULTS We identified significant CNV, SNV, and methylation events in neddylation-related genes across various cancers, with notably higher expression levels observed in KIRC. Cluster analysis revealed a potential trade-off in the interactions among neddylation-related genes, where both high and low levels of gene expression are linked to adverse prognoses. This association is particularly pronounced concerning lymph node involvement, T stage classification, and Fustat score. Simultaneously, our research discovered that PSMB10 exhibits overexpression in KIRC when compared to normal tissues, negatively impacting patient prognosis. Through RNA sequencing and in vitro assays, we confirmed that the inhibition of neddylation modification could play a role in the regulation of various signaling pathways, thereby influencing the prognosis of KIRC. Moreover, our results underscore PSMB10 as a viable target for therapeutic intervention in KIRC, opening up novel pathways for the development of targeted treatment strategies. CONCLUSION This study underscores the regulatory function and potential mechanism of neddylation modification on the phenotype of KIRC, identifying PSMB10 as a key regulatory target with a significant role in influencing the prognosis of KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dequan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; (D.L.); (G.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; (D.L.); (G.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Shijin Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; (D.L.); (G.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Xu Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Xiangyu Che
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; (D.L.); (G.W.); (S.W.)
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Kuliavas J, Marcinkevičiūtė K, Baušys A, Bičkaitė K, Baušys R, Abeciūnas V, Degutytė AE, Kryžauskas M, Stratilatovas E, Dulskas A, Poškus T, Strupas K. Short- and long-term outcome differences between patients undergoing left and right colon cancer surgery: cohort study. Int J Colorectal Dis 2024; 39:66. [PMID: 38702488 PMCID: PMC11068684 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-024-04623-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Since the literature currently provides controversial data on the postoperative outcomes following right and left hemicolectomies, we carried out this study to examine the short- and long-term treatment outcomes. METHODS This study included consecutive patients who underwent right or left-sided colonic resections from year 2014 to 2018 and then they were followed up. The short-term outcomes such as postoperative morbidity and mortality according to Clavien-Dindo score, duration of hospital stay, and 90-day readmission rate were evaluated as well as long-term outcomes of overall survival and disease-free survival. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed of overall and progression-free survival. RESULTS In total, 1107 patients with colon tumors were included in the study, 525 patients with right-sided tumors (RCC) and 582 cases with tumors in the left part of the colon (LCC). RCC group patients were older (P < 0.001), with a higher ASA score (P < 0.001), and with more cardiovascular comorbidities (P < 0.001). No differences were observed between groups in terms of postoperative outcomes such as morbidity and mortality, except 90-day readmission which was more frequent in the RCC group. Upon histopathological analysis, the RCC group's patients had more removed lymph nodes (29 ± 14 vs 20 ± 11, P = 0.001) and more locally progressed (pT3-4) tumors (85.4% versus 73.4%, P = 0.001). Significantly greater 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival (P = 0.001) were observed for patients in the LCC group, according to univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis. CONCLUSIONS Patients with right-sided colon cancer were older and had more advanced disease. Short-term surgical outcomes were similar, but patients in the LCC group resulted in better long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justas Kuliavas
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Abdominal and General Surgery and Oncology, National Cancer Institute, 1 Santariskiu str., LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Marcinkevičiūtė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 21/27 M. K. Ciurlionio str., LT-03101, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Augustinas Baušys
- Department of Abdominal and General Surgery and Oncology, National Cancer Institute, 1 Santariskiu str., LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 21/27 M. K. Ciurlionio str., LT-03101, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Klaudija Bičkaitė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 21/27 M. K. Ciurlionio str., LT-03101, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rimantas Baušys
- Department of Abdominal and General Surgery and Oncology, National Cancer Institute, 1 Santariskiu str., LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vilius Abeciūnas
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 21/27 M. K. Ciurlionio str., LT-03101, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Marius Kryžauskas
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Eugenijus Stratilatovas
- Department of Abdominal and General Surgery and Oncology, National Cancer Institute, 1 Santariskiu str., LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Dulskas
- Department of Abdominal and General Surgery and Oncology, National Cancer Institute, 1 Santariskiu str., LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 21/27 M. K. Ciurlionio str., LT-03101, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Poškus
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kęstutis Strupas
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Song M, Qu Y, Jia H, Zhang Y, Liu S, Laster KV, Choi BY, Tian J, Gu T, Chen H, Liu K, Lee MH, Dong Z. Targeting TAOK1 with resveratrol inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma growth in vitro and in vivo. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:991-1008. [PMID: 38376345 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The worldwide incidence and mortality rates of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have increased over the last decade. Moreover, molecular targets that may benefit the therapeutics of patients with ESCC have not been fully characterized. Our study discovered that thousand and one amino-acid protein kinase 1 (TAOK1) is highly expressed in ESCC tumor tissues and cell lines. Knock-down of TAOK1 suppresses ESCC cell proliferation in vitro and patient-derived xenograft or cell-derived xenograft tumors growth in vivo. Moreover, TAOK1 overexpression promotes ESCC growth in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, we identified that the natural small molecular compound resveratrol binds to TAOK1 directly and diminishes the kinase activity of TAOK1. Targeting TAOK1 directly with resveratrol significantly inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and suppresses tumor growth in ESCC. Furthermore, the silencing of TAOK1 or the application of resveratrol attenuated the activation of TAOK1 downstream signaling effectors. Interestingly, combining resveratrol with paclitaxel, cisplatin, or 5-fluorouracil synergistically enhanced their therapeutic effects against ESCC. In conclusion, this work illustrates the underlying oncogenic function of TAOK1 and provides a theoretical basis for the application of targeting TAOK1 therapy to the clinical treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiu Song
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yingzi Qu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huajie Jia
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yunqing Zhang
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shihui Liu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | | | - Bu Young Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Engineering, Seowon University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jie Tian
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tingxuan Gu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Cancer Chemoprevention International Collaboration Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Republic of Korea
| | - Zigang Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Cancer Chemoprevention International Collaboration Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
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Huang Y, Zhang Z, Tong H, Qin W, Li Q, Ma L, Ren Z, Chen W, Zhang Y, Zhong Y, Yao L, Zhou P. Chondroitin polymerizing factor promotes development and progression of colorectal cancer via facilitating transcription of VEGFB. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18268. [PMID: 38775031 PMCID: PMC11109815 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly prevalent malignancy affecting the digestive system on a global scale. This study aimed to explore the previously unexplored role of CHPF in the progression of CRC. Our results revealed a significant upregulation of CHPF expression in CRC tumour tissues compared to normal tissues, with its levels correlating with tumour malignancy. In vitro experiments using CRC cell lines demonstrated that inhibiting CHPF expression suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation and cell migration, while promoting apoptosis. Conversely, overexpressing CHPF had the opposite effect. Additionally, our xenograft models in mice confirmed the inhibitory impact of CHPF knockdown on CRC progression using various cell models. Mechanistic investigations unveiled that CHPF may enhance VEGFB expression through E2F1-mediated transcription. Functionally, suppressing VEGFB expression successfully mitigated the oncogenic effects induced by CHPF overexpression. Collectively, these findings suggest that CHPF may act as a tumour promoter in CRC, operating in a VEGFB-dependent manner and could be a potential target for therapeutic interventions in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Huang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hanxing Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenzheng Qin
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Quanlin Li
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lili Ma
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhong Ren
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Weifeng Chen
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yunshi Zhong
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Liqing Yao
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Pinghong Zhou
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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20
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Chen J, Wang H, Tang M. CircAGFG1 absence decreases PKM2 expression to enhance oxaliplatin sensitivity in colorectal cancer in a miR-7-5p-dependent manner. J Chemother 2024; 36:208-221. [PMID: 37691430 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2023.2253680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) ArfGAP with FG repeats 1 (circAGFG1) contributes to colorectal cancer (CRC) development. However, whether circAGFG1 regulates the resistance of CRC to oxaliplatin (L-OHP) remains unknown. CircAGFG1, microRNA-7-5p (miR-7-5p) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) RNA expression were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression was detected by western blot assay and immunohistochemistry assay. Glycolysis was analyzed through glucose uptake, lactate production and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration assays. 50% inhibitory concentration of L-OHP was determined by cell counting kit-8 assay. Cell proliferation and apoptotic rate were analyzed by cell colony formation and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to identify the relationship among circAGFG1, miR-7- 5p and PKM2. The effect of circAGFG1 on L-OHP sensitivity in vivo was further evaluated by a xenograft model assay. CircAGFG1 and PKM2 expression were significantly increased, while miR-7-5p was decreased in L-OHP-resistant CRC tissues and cells. High circAGFG1 expression predicted a poor prognosis of CRC. CircAGFG1 knockdown or PKM2 depletion decreased glycolysis and cell proliferation and increased L-OHP sensitivity and cell apoptosis. PKM2 introduction rescued circAGFG1 silencing-induced effects in CRC cells. In terms of mechanism, circAGFG1 bound to miR-7-5p, which was identified to target PKM2. Also, circAGFG1 regulated PKM2 expression by interacting with miR-7-5p. Further, circAGFG1 knockdown improved the sensitivity of tumors to L-OHP in vivo. CircAGFG1 depletion inhibited L-OHP resistance by regulating the miR-7-5p/PKM2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingsheng Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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21
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Bareja C, Dwivedi K, Uboveja A, Mathur A, Kumar N, Saluja D. Identification and clinicopathological analysis of potential p73-regulated biomarkers in colorectal cancer via integrative bioinformatics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9894. [PMID: 38688978 PMCID: PMC11061124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to decipher crucial biomarkers regulated by p73 for the early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) by employing a combination of integrative bioinformatics and expression profiling techniques. The transcriptome profile of HCT116 cell line p53- / - p73+ / + and p53- / - p73 knockdown was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). This was corroborated with three CRC tissue expression datasets available in Gene Expression Omnibus. Further analysis involved KEGG and Gene ontology to elucidate the functional roles of DEGs. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using Cytoscape to identify hub genes. Kaplan-Meier (KM) plots along with GEPIA and UALCAN database analysis provided the insights into the prognostic and diagnostic significance of these hub genes. Machine/deep learning algorithms were employed to perform TNM-stage classification. Transcriptome profiling revealed 1289 upregulated and 1897 downregulated genes. When intersected with employed CRC datasets, 284 DEGs were obtained. Comprehensive analysis using gene ontology and KEGG revealed enrichment of the DEGs in metabolic process, fatty acid biosynthesis, etc. The PPI network constructed using these 284 genes assisted in identifying 20 hub genes. Kaplan-Meier, GEPIA, and UALCAN analyses uncovered the clinicopathological relevance of these hub genes. Conclusively, the deep learning model achieved TNM-stage classification accuracy of 0.78 and 0.75 using 284 DEGs and 20 hub genes, respectively. The study represents a pioneer endeavor amalgamating transcriptomics, publicly available tissue datasets, and machine learning to unveil key CRC-associated genes. These genes are found relevant regarding the patients' prognosis and diagnosis. The unveiled biomarkers exhibit robustness in TNM-stage prediction, thereby laying the foundation for future clinical applications and therapeutic interventions in CRC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchal Bareja
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Kountay Dwivedi
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Apoorva Uboveja
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Ankit Mathur
- Delhi School of Public Health, Institution of Eminence, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Daman Saluja
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
- Delhi School of Public Health, Institution of Eminence, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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22
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Singh T, Sharma D, Sharma R, Tuli HS, Haque S, Ramniwas S, Mathkor DM, Yadav V. The Role of Phytonutrient Kaempferol in the Prevention of Gastrointestinal Cancers: Recent Trends and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1711. [PMID: 38730663 PMCID: PMC11083332 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, kaempferol, a natural flavonoid present in various fruits and vegetables, has received significant attention in gastrointestinal cancer research due to its varied therapeutic effects. Kaempferol has been proven to alter several molecular mechanisms and pathways, such as the PI3/Akt, mTOR, and Erk/MAPK pathway involved in cancer progression, showing its inhibitory effects on cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, and migration. Kaempferol is processed in the liver and small intestine, but limited bioavailability has been a major concern in the clinical implications of kaempferol. Nano formulations have been proven to enhance kaempferol's efficacy in cancer prevention. The synergy of nanotechnology and kaempferol has shown promising results in in vitro studies, highlighting the importance for more in vivo research and clinical trials to determine safety and efficacy. This review aims to focus on the role of kaempferol in various types of gastrointestinal cancer and how the combination of kaempferol with nanotechnology helps in improving therapeutic efficacy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejveer Singh
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, Delhi University, New Delhi 110007, India; (D.S.); (R.S.)
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences-Defence Research and Development Organization, (INMAS-DRDO) New Delhi, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, Delhi University, New Delhi 110007, India; (D.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Rishabh Sharma
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, Delhi University, New Delhi 110007, India; (D.S.); (R.S.)
- Amity Stem Cell Institute, Amity Medical School, Amity University, Gurugram 122412, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, India;
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (S.H.); (D.M.M.)
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut 11022801, Lebanon
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research & Development, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India;
| | - Darin Mansor Mathkor
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (S.H.); (D.M.M.)
| | - Vikas Yadav
- Department of Translational Medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, SE-20213 Malmö, Sweden
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23
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Tapia-Valladares C, Valenzuela G, González E, Maureira I, Toro J, Freire M, Sepúlveda-Hermosilla G, Ampuero D, Blanco A, Gallegos I, Morales F, Erices JI, Barajas O, Ahumada M, Contreras HR, González J, Armisén R, Marcelain K. Distinct Driver Pathway Enrichments and a High Prevalence of TSC2 Mutations in Right Colon Cancer in Chile: A Preliminary Comparative Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4695. [PMID: 38731914 PMCID: PMC11083322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths globally. While ethnic differences in driver gene mutations have been documented, the South American population remains understudied at the genomic level, despite facing a rising burden of CRC. We analyzed tumors of 40 Chilean CRC patients (Chp) using next-generation sequencing and compared them to data from mainly Caucasian cohorts (TCGA and MSK-IMPACT). We identified 388 mutations in 96 out of 135 genes, with TP53 (45%), KRAS (30%), PIK3CA (22.5%), ATM (20%), and POLE (20%) being the most frequently mutated. TSC2 mutations were associated with right colon cancer (44.44% in RCRC vs. 6.45% in LCRC, p-value = 0.016), and overall frequency was higher compared to TCGA (p-value = 1.847 × 10-5) and MSK-IMPACT cohorts (p-value = 3.062 × 10-2). Limited sample size restricts definitive conclusions, but our data suggest potential differences in driver mutations for Chilean patients, being that the RTK-RAS oncogenic pathway is less affected and the PI3K pathway is more altered in Chp compared to TCGA (45% vs. 25.56%, respectively). The prevalence of actionable pathways and driver mutations can guide therapeutic choices, but can also impact treatment effectiveness. Thus, these findings warrant further investigation in larger Chilean cohorts to confirm these initial observations. Understanding population-specific driver mutations can guide the development of precision medicine programs for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Tapia-Valladares
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Guillermo Valenzuela
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Evelin González
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610507, Chile
| | - Ignacio Maureira
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Jessica Toro
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Centro para la Prevención y Control del Cáncer, CECAN, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Matías Freire
- CORFO Center of Excellence in Precision Medicine, Pfizer Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | | | - Diego Ampuero
- CORFO Center of Excellence in Precision Medicine, Pfizer Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Alejandro Blanco
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610507, Chile
| | - Iván Gallegos
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Centro para la Prevención y Control del Cáncer, CECAN, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Departamento de Patología, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Fernanda Morales
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - José I. Erices
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Olga Barajas
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Centro para la Prevención y Control del Cáncer, CECAN, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Mónica Ahumada
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Centro para la Prevención y Control del Cáncer, CECAN, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Héctor R. Contreras
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Centro para la Prevención y Control del Cáncer, CECAN, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Jaime González
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Ricardo Armisén
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610507, Chile
| | - Katherine Marcelain
- Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Centro para la Prevención y Control del Cáncer, CECAN, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
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24
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Qiao L, Ou Y, Li L, Wu S, Guo Y, Liu M, Yu D, Chen Q, Yuan J, Wei C, Ou C, Li H, Cheng D, Yu Z, Li Z. H 2S-driven chemotherapy and mild photothermal therapy induced mitochondrial reprogramming to promote cuproptosis. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:205. [PMID: 38658965 PMCID: PMC11044430 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02480-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The elevated level of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in colon cancer hinders complete cure with a single therapy. However, excessive H2S also offers a treatment target. A multifunctional cascade bioreactor based on the H2S-responsive mesoporous Cu2Cl(OH)3-loaded hypoxic prodrug tirapazamine (TPZ), in which the outer layer was coated with hyaluronic acid (HA) to form TPZ@Cu2Cl(OH)3-HA (TCuH) nanoparticles (NPs), demonstrated a synergistic antitumor effect through combining the H2S-driven cuproptosis and mild photothermal therapy. The HA coating endowed the NPs with targeting delivery to enhance drug accumulation in the tumor tissue. The presence of both the high level of H2S and the near-infrared II (NIR II) irradiation achieved the in situ generation of photothermic agent copper sulfide (Cu9S8) from the TCuH, followed with the release of TPZ. The depletion of H2S stimulated consumption of oxygen, resulting in hypoxic state and mitochondrial reprogramming. The hypoxic state activated prodrug TPZ to activated TPZ (TPZ-ed) for chemotherapy in turn. Furthermore, the exacerbated hypoxia inhibited the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate, decreasing expression of heat shock proteins and subsequently improving the photothermal therapy. The enriched Cu2+ induced not only cuproptosis by promoting lipoacylated dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT) heteromerization but also performed chemodynamic therapy though catalyzing H2O2 to produce highly toxic hydroxyl radicals ·OH. Therefore, the nanoparticles TCuH offer a versatile platform to exert copper-related synergistic antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijing Ou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuzhen Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxian Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Chen
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanqi Wei
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Chiyi Ou
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Haowen Li
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Du Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China.
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523058, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Niu CG, Zhang J, Rao AV, Joshi U, Okolo P. Comparative effectiveness of immunotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer stratified by microsatellite instability status. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:540-547. [PMID: 38689622 PMCID: PMC11056865 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i4.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy have demonstrated promising outcomes in patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI) (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer. However, the comparative effectiveness of Immunotherapy and chemotherapy for patients with low MSI (MSI-L), and microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer remains unclear. AIM To investigate immunotherapy vs chemotherapy for treatment of MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer, and to evaluate the success of immunotherapy against chemotherapy in managing MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer during a follow-up of 50 months. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to evaluate the overall survival (OS) of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with immunotherapy or chemotherapy. The study population was stratified by MSI status (MSI-H, MSI-L, and MSS). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between treatment modality and OS, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 21951 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were included in the analysis, of which 2358 were MSI-H, and 19593 were MSI-L/MSS. In the MSI-H cohort, immunotherapy treatment (n = 142) was associated with a significantly improved median OS compared to chemotherapy (n = 860). After adjusting for potential confounders, immunotherapy treatment remained significantly associated with better OS in the MSI-H cohort [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.57, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.43-0.77, P < 0.001]. In the MSS cohort, no significant difference in median OS was observed between immunotherapy treatment and chemotherapy (aHR: 0.94, 95%CI: 0.69-1.29, P = 0.715). CONCLUSION In this population-based study using the NCDB, immunotherapy treatment was associated with significantly improved OS compared to chemotherapy in patients with MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer, but not in those with MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer. Further studies are warranted to determine the optimal therapeutic approach for patients with MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Gu Niu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY 14621, United States
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Rainier Springs, Vancouver, WA 98663, United States
| | - Aniket-Vijay Rao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY 14621, United States
| | - Utsav Joshi
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33606, United States
| | - Patrick Okolo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY 14621, United States
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26
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Yarahmadi A, Zare M, Aghayari M, Afkhami H, Jafari GA. Therapeutic bacteria and viruses to combat cancer: double-edged sword in cancer therapy: new insights for future. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:239. [PMID: 38654309 PMCID: PMC11040964 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01622-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer, ranked as the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, leads to the death of approximately seven million people annually, establishing itself as one of the most significant health challenges globally. The discovery and identification of new anti-cancer drugs that kill or inactivate cancer cells without harming normal and healthy cells and reduce adverse effects on the immune system is a potential challenge in medicine and a fundamental goal in Many studies. Therapeutic bacteria and viruses have become a dual-faceted instrument in cancer therapy. They provide a promising avenue for cancer treatment, but at the same time, they also create significant obstacles and complications that contribute to cancer growth and development. This review article explores the role of bacteria and viruses in cancer treatment, examining their potential benefits and drawbacks. By amalgamating established knowledge and perspectives, this review offers an in-depth examination of the present research landscape within this domain and identifies avenues for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Yarahmadi
- Department of Biology, Khorramabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mitra Zare
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Aghayari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gholam Ali Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
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27
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Gunasekara W, Sachindra J, Madhushika MT, Liyanage P, Lekamwasam S. Cimetidine repurposed as a potential immunomodulatory agent against colorectal carcinoma: A systematic review. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2024:10781552241247007. [PMID: 38592456 DOI: 10.1177/10781552241247007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the survival benefit and immunomodulatory effects of cimetidine pre-, peri- or post-operatively in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS A systematic review was conducted using PubMed and Cochrane Library to retrieve randomized control trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of cimetidine on survival and immunomodulation via improvement in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and peripheral blood lymphocytes. The review was carried out in accordance with the extended Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses. RESULTS Four studies with the total of 267 patients were included in this systematic review. Treatment duration varied from 5 days to 1 year. Two studies reported a significant TIL response in the resected specimens after administering cimetidine, while one RCT showed an escalation of CD3, CD4 and CD57 lymphocytes in peripheral blood compared to the baseline following cimetidine treatment (p < 0.01). Of the three trials that examined the effects of cimetidine on survival, only two studies revealed significant survival benefit while the remaining study only showed a trend towards survival benefit. CONCLUSION Repurposing of existing drugs like cimetidine has a potential to offer a survival benefit by acting as an immunomodulatory agent in patients undergoing curative resection for CRC. However, the heterogeneity seen in current studies and the evolvement of adjunctive therapies for CRC warrant large-scale, well-designed prospective RCTs to establish the efficacy of cimetidine in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wwm Gunasekara
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka
| | - Jlaa Sachindra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka
| | - M T Madhushika
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka
| | - Plgc Liyanage
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka
| | - S Lekamwasam
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka
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Itoh K, Matsueda S. Exploring the Potential of Humoral Immune Response to Commensal Bifidobacterium as a Biomarker for Human Health, including Both Malignant and Non-Malignant Diseases: A Perspective on Detection Strategies and Future Directions. Biomedicines 2024; 12:803. [PMID: 38672158 PMCID: PMC11048515 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this comprehensive review, we explore the pivotal role of commensal Bifidobacterium (c-BIF) as potent non-self-antigens through antigenic mimicry, along with exploring the potential of humoral immune responses for both malignant and non-malignant disease. c-BIF, a predominant component of the human gut microbiome encompassing around 90% of the human genome, has emerged as a pivotal player in human biology. Over recent decades, there has been extensive research elucidating the intricate connections between c-BIF and various facets of human health, with particular emphasis on their groundbreaking impact on anti-cancer effects and the management of non-malignant diseases. The multifaceted role of c-BIF is explored, ranging from enhancing anti-tumor immunity to improving the efficacy of anti-cancer and anti-infectious disease strategies, and serving as predictive biomarkers for various diseases. Recent studies highlight not only c-BIF's promotion of anti-tumor immunity but also their role in enhancing the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The review emphasizes the promising avenue of manipulating the gut microbiota, particularly c-BIF, for modulating cancer immunotherapy with targeted effects on tumor cells while minimizing harm to normal tissue. In the context of infectious and inflammatory diseases, the crucial role of c-BIFs in the management of COVID-19 symptoms is examined, emphasizing their impact on the severity of and immune response to COVID-19. Furthermore, c-BIF exhibits preventive and therapeutic effects on Human Papillomaviruses (HPV) and shows promise in improving inflammatory bowel diseases. The potential application of c-BIF as a biomarker for immunotherapy is explored, with a specific emphasis on its predictive and prognostic value in cancer. Suggestions are made regarding the use of humoral immune responses to cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope peptides that share motifs with c-BIF, proposing them as potential markers for predicting overall survival in diverse cancer patients. In conclusion, c-BIF emerges as a crucial and multifaceted determinant of human health, across anti-tumor immunity to infectious and inflammatory disease management. The manipulation of c-BIF and gut microbiota presents a promising avenue for advancing therapeutic strategies, particularly in the realm of cancer immunotherapy. Additionally, this review highlights the significance of c-BIF as potent non-self-antigens via antigenic mimicry, emphasizing the importance of robust humoral immune responses against c-BIF for preventing various diseases, including inflammatory conditions. Elevated levels of circulating antibodies against c-BIF in healthy individuals may serve as potential indicators of lower risks for malignant and non-malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satoko Matsueda
- Cancer Vaccine Center, Kurume University, Kurume 839-0863, Japan
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Khavari F, Taheri M, Manoochehri H, Molaei P, Nouri F. Evaluation of the Combined Effect of Caffeine and 5-Fluorouracil on Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024; 25:1419-1424. [PMID: 38680003 PMCID: PMC11162732 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.4.1419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death. Today, there are several options for treating colorectal cancer such as chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and gene therapy. 5-Fluorouracil is known as a suitable candidate for the treatment of various cancers, especially colorectal cancer. However, the use of this drug is limited, so it is usually used in combination with other drugs and agents. Based on the evidence obtained, this study attempted to evaluate the combined effects of 5-fluorouracil and caffeine on colorectal cancer cells. METHODS In this study, initially HCT116 and HEK293 cell lines were cultured as cancer and normal cells, respectively. These cell lines were then evaluated for cytotoxicity, induction of apoptosis, and rate of cell migration. All data were analyzed by statistical methods. RESULTS The results indicated that a combination of caffeine and 5-FU augmented their cytotoxicity in HCT116 cells but reduced cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells. No reduction was observed in the migration of HCT116 cells that were treated with caffeine or a combination of caffeine and 5-FU. Also, it seems that caffeine reverses the apoptotic effect of 5-FU in HCT116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khavari
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Manoochehri
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Pejman Molaei
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Nouri
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Sun M, Yue Y, Wang X, Feng H, Qin Y, Chen M, Wang Y, Yan S. ALKBH5-mediated upregulation of CPT1A promotes macrophage fatty acid metabolism and M2 macrophage polarization, facilitating malignant progression of colorectal cancer. Exp Cell Res 2024; 437:113994. [PMID: 38479704 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
m6A modification has been studied in tumors, but its role in host anti-tumor immune response and TAMs polarization remains unclear. The fatty acid oxidation (FAO) process of TAMs is also attracting attention. A co-culture model of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and macrophages was used to simulate the tumor microenvironment. Expression changes of m6A demethylase genes FTO and ALKBH5 were screened. ALKBH5 was further investigated. Gain-of-function experiments were conducted to study ALKBH5's effects on macrophage M2 polarization, CRC cell viability, proliferation, migration, and more. Me-RIP and Actinomycin D assays were performed to study ALKBH5's influence on CPT1A, the FAO rate-limiting enzyme. AMP, ADP, and ATP content detection, OCR measurement, and ECAR measurement were used to explore ALKBH5's impact on macrophage FAO level. Rescue experiments validated ALKBH5's mechanistic role in macrophage M2 polarization and CRC malignant development. In co-culture, CRC cells enhance macrophage FAO and suppress m6A modification in M2 macrophages. ALKBH5 was selected as the gene for further investigation. ALKBH5 mediates CPT1A upregulation by removing m6A modification, promoting M2 macrophage polarization and facilitating CRC development. These findings indicate that ALKBH5 enhances fatty acid metabolism and M2 polarization of macrophages by upregulating CPT1A, thereby promoting CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Sun
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinzi Yue
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huayi Feng
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengyao Chen
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuai Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China.
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Aliabadi A, Haghshenas MR, Kiani R, Koohi-Hosseinabadi O, Purkhosrow A, Pirsalami F, Panjehshahin MR, Erfani N. In vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of mebendazole in colon cancer: a promising drug repositioning. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:2379-2388. [PMID: 37837472 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02722-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers and one of the main causes of death worldwide. Therefore, new treatment methods with better efficiency and fewer risks are very necessary. Mebendazole (MBZ), a drug commonly used for helminthic infections, has recently received attention as a suitable candidate for the treatment of various cancers. This study aimed to investigate, in vitro and in vivo, anticancer activity and selectivity Index of MBZ on colon cancer. HT-29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma) and MCF-10 (non-tumorigenic epithelial) cell lines were treated with MBZ and Doxorubicin (DOX; positive control drug). IC50 values were estimated using methyl thiazole diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. We employed flow cytometry using annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide dyes. For the animal study, colon cancer was subcutaneously induced by CT26 cells (mouse colon cancer) in Bulb/C mice. The mice were treated with 0.05 of LD50, intraperitoneal, every other day for 35 days. Finally, the survival rate, tumor volume, and tumor weight were calculated. Our results demonstrated that IC50 values after 72 h for HT29 and MCF-10 cell lines were 0.29 ± 0.04 µM and 0.80 ± 0.02 µM, respectively. MBZ was more selective than DOX in inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells compared to normal cells (2. 75 vs. 2.45). Annexin V/PI staining demonstrated that MBZ treatment at IC50 concentrations induced (78 ± 12%) apoptosis in the HT29 cancer cell line after 48 h (P ≤ 0.0001). Also, in mice bearing colon cancer, MBZ significantly reduced the tumor volume (1177 ± 1109 mm3; P ≤ 0.001) and tumor weight (2.30 ± 1.97 g; P ≤ 0.0001) compared to the negative control group (weight 12.45 ± 2.0 g; volume 7346 ± 1077). Also, MBZ increases mean survival time (MST) and increase life span (ILS) percentage in the animal study (51.2 ± 37% vs 93%, respectively). This study suggests that mebendazole strongly and selectively inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells. It may be, accordingly, a promising drug for clinical research and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Aliabadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Haghshenas
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Razie Kiani
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Azar Purkhosrow
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatema Pirsalami
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Panjehshahin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Nasrollah Erfani
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Taori S, Wei Z, Deng H, Lunsford LD, Niranjan A. The Role of Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Patients With Brain Metastases From Colorectal Cancers. Neurosurgery 2024; 94:828-837. [PMID: 37975668 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The role of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in patients with brain metastases (BMs) from colorectal cancers (CRCs) has not been established. The authors present a single-institution experience of patients with CRC who underwent SRS with metastatic brain spread. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 111 patients with metastatic CRC (64 female, 57.7%), with 449 BMs treated with Gamma Knife SRS between 2000 and 2022. The median age during SRS was 63 years (range: 28-86), and the median Karnofsky Performance Scale was 80 (range: 60-100). The primary sites were colon (85 patients, 76.6%) and rectal (26 patients, 23.4%). Three patients underwent hypofractionated SRS (3 sessions) with a median margin dose of 27 Gy (range: 27-30). All other patients underwent single-session SRS with a median margin dose of 18 Gy (range: 13-20). RESULTS The median patient survival after SRS was 7 months (range: 1-174). Ninety-eight (88.3%) patients expired at last follow-up and 15 patients (15.3%) died related to progressive intracranial disease. A Karnofsky Performance Scale of <80 at SRS presentation ( P = .02, hazard ratio [HR]: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-0.9) and no previous surgical resection ( P < .01, HR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3-0.7) were associated with inferior overall survival using multivariate analysis. Seventeen patients (15.3%) had documented local tumor progression after SRS, at a median time of 7 months (range: 3-34) between SRS and progression. Twenty-six patients (23.4%) developed new BMs at a median of 5 months (range: 2-26) between SRS and new tumor detection. Less than three BMs at SRS presentation ( P = .02, HR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.2-5.6) were associated with better distant tumor control on multivariate analysis. The incidence of adverse radiation effects was 5.4%. CONCLUSION SRS effectively controls BMs from CRC with low risk of treatment-related toxicity. During follow-up, the development of additional metastases can be safely treated by repeat SRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchet Taori
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania , Pennsylvania , USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Zhishuo Wei
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania , Pennsylvania , USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Hansen Deng
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - L Dade Lunsford
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Ajay Niranjan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania , Pennsylvania , USA
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Han H, Zhang Y, Tang H, Zhou T, Khan A. A Review of the Use of Native and Engineered Probiotics for Colorectal Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3896. [PMID: 38612706 PMCID: PMC11011422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious global health concern, and researchers have been investigating different strategies to prevent, treat, or support conventional therapies for CRC. This review article comprehensively covers CRC therapy involving wild-type bacteria, including probiotics and oncolytic bacteria as well as genetically modified bacteria. Given the close relationship between CRC and the gut microbiota, it is crucial to compile and present a comprehensive overview of bacterial therapies used in the context of colorectal cancer. It is evident that the use of native and engineered probiotics for colorectal cancer therapy necessitates research focused on enhancing the therapeutic properties of probiotic strains.. Genetically engineered probiotics might be designed to produce particular molecules or to target cancer cells more effectively and cure CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawen Han
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;
| | - Haibo Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (H.T.); (T.Z.)
| | - Tuoyu Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (H.T.); (T.Z.)
| | - Aman Khan
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Uchikov P, Khalid U, Kraev K, Hristov B, Kraeva M, Tenchev T, Chakarov D, Sandeva M, Dragusheva S, Taneva D, Batashki A. Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer: A Literature Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:528. [PMID: 38472999 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this review is to explore the role of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer, how it impacts CRC morbidity and mortality, and why its role in clinical medicine is limited. METHODS A targeted, non-systematic review of the published literature relating to colorectal cancer diagnosis was performed with PubMed databases that were scouted to help provide a more defined understanding of the recent advances regarding artificial intelligence and their impact on colorectal-related morbidity and mortality. Articles were included if deemed relevant and including information associated with the keywords. RESULTS The advancements in artificial intelligence have been significant in facilitating an earlier diagnosis of CRC. In this review, we focused on evaluating genomic biomarkers, the integration of instruments with artificial intelligence, MR and hyperspectral imaging, and the architecture of neural networks. We found that these neural networks seem practical and yield positive results in initial testing. Furthermore, we explored the use of deep-learning-based majority voting methods, such as bag of words and PAHLI, in improving diagnostic accuracy in colorectal cancer detection. Alongside this, the autonomous and expansive learning ability of artificial intelligence, coupled with its ability to extract increasingly complex features from images or videos without human reliance, highlight its impact in the diagnostic sector. Despite this, as most of the research involves a small sample of patients, a diversification of patient data is needed to enhance cohort stratification for a more sensitive and specific neural model. We also examined the successful application of artificial intelligence in predicting microsatellite instability, showcasing its potential in stratifying patients for targeted therapies. CONCLUSIONS Since its commencement in colorectal cancer, artificial intelligence has revealed a multitude of functionalities and augmentations in the diagnostic sector of CRC. Given its early implementation, its clinical application remains a fair way away, but with steady research dedicated to improving neural architecture and expanding its applicational range, there is hope that these advanced neural software could directly impact the early diagnosis of CRC. The true promise of artificial intelligence, extending beyond the medical sector, lies in its potential to significantly influence the future landscape of CRC's morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Uchikov
- Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Usman Khalid
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Krasimir Kraev
- Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases "Prof. Dr. Anton Mitov", Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Bozhidar Hristov
- Section "Gastroenterology", Second Department of Internal Diseases, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Kraeva
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Tihomir Tenchev
- Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Dzhevdet Chakarov
- Department of Propaedeutics of Surgical Diseases, Section of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Sandeva
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Snezhanka Dragusheva
- Department of Nursing Care, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Daniela Taneva
- Department of Nursing Care, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Atanas Batashki
- Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Lee KC, Chung KC, Chen HH, Cheng KC, Wu KL, Song LC. Potential beneficial effects of long-term aspirin use on the prevalence of colorectal cancer: a population-based study of the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Cancer Causes Control 2024; 35:477-486. [PMID: 37855925 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-023-01803-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Whether long-term aspirin usage is associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk needs more evidence. The study evaluated the association between long-term aspirin use and prevalence of CRC in a large, nationally representative database. METHODS Hospitalized patients aged ≥ 50 years during 2018 were identified in the United States (US) National Inpatient Sample (NIS). Patients without complete information of age, sex, race, income, and insurance status were excluded, as well as those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or malignancies other than CRC. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance the characteristics between patients with and without long-term aspirin use. Logistic regressions were performed to determine the relationship between long-term aspirin use and the presence of CRC. CRC and aspirin use were identified through the administrative International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. RESULTS Data from 3,490,226 patients were included, in which 688,018 (19.7%) had a record of long-term aspirin use. After 1:1 PSM, there remained 1,376,006 patients, representing 6,880,029 individuals in the US after weighting. After adjusting for confounders, long-term aspirin use was significantly associated with lower CRC odds (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62, 0.67). This association was not changed when stratified by age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), and smoking. CONCLUSIONS From a national inpatient dataset, US adults ≥ 50 years on long-term aspirin are less likely to have CRC, regardless of age, sex, race, BMI, and smoking status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Chao Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chih Chung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Hong-Hwa Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Chuan Cheng
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Lin Wu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Chiao Song
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Su G, Wang D, Yang Q, Kong L, Ju X, Yang Q, Zhu Y, Zhang S, Li Y. Cepharanthine suppresses APC-mutant colorectal cancers by down-regulating the expression of β-catenin. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2024; 14:18. [PMID: 38421454 PMCID: PMC10904711 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-024-00443-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is closely associated with the development of various carcinomas, especially colorectal cancers (CRCs), where adenomatous colorectal polyposis (APC) mutations are the most frequently observed, which limits the anti-tumor efficiency of inhibitors targeting the upstream of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The anti-tumor activity of the naturally occurring alkaloid cepharanthine (CEP) extracted from the plant Stephania cepharantha Hayata has been reported in various types of tumors. We previously observed that its derivatives inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in liver cancer; however, the specific mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we confirmed CEP can effectively inhibit APC-mutant CRC cell lines (SW480, SW620, LoVo) through disturbing of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate that CEP attenuates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling by decreasing the β-catenin, subsequently impeding the proliferation of APC-mutant CRCs. Moreover, CEP induced β-catenin transcription inhibition rather than the instability of β-catenin protein and mRNA contributes to reduction of β-catenin. Taken together, our findings identify CEP as the first β-catenin transcriptional inhibitor in the modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and indicate CEP as a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of APC-mutated CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifeng Su
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingmei Kong
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoman Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
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Garrido P, Casas-Benito A, Larrayoz IM, Narro-Íñiguez J, Rubio-Mediavilla S, Zozaya E, Martín-Carnicero A, Martínez A. Expression of Mitochondrial Long Non-Coding RNAs, MDL1 and MDL1AS, Are Good Prognostic and/or Diagnostic Biomarkers for Several Cancers, Including Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:960. [PMID: 38473321 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs provide new opportunities to identify biomarkers that properly classify cancer patients. Here, we study the biomarker status of the mitochondrial long non-coding RNAs, MDL1 and MDL1AS. Expression of these genes was studied in public transcriptomic databases. In addition, a cohort of 69 locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients with a follow-up of more than 5 years was used to determine the prognostic value of these markers. Furthermore, cell lines of colorectal (HCT116) and breast (MDA-MB-231) carcinoma were employed to study the effects of downregulating MDL1AS in vitro. Expression of MDL1AS (but not MDL1) was significantly different in tumor cells than in the surrounding tissue in a tumor-type-specific context. Both MDL1 and MDL1AS were accurate biomarkers for the 5-year survival of LARC patients (p = 0.040 and p = 0.007, respectively) with promising areas under the curve in the ROC analyses (0.820 and 0.930, respectively). MDL1AS downregulation reduced mitochondrial respiration in both cell lines. Furthermore, this downregulation produced a decrease in growth and migration on colorectal cells, but the reverse effects on breast cancer cells. In summary, MDL1 and MDL1AS can be used as reliable prognostic biomarkers of LARC, and MDL1AS expression provides relevant information on the diagnosis of different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Garrido
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Adrián Casas-Benito
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Ignacio M Larrayoz
- Department of Nursing, Biomarkers, Artificial Intelligence and Signaling (BIAS), University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Judit Narro-Íñiguez
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Zozaya
- Pathology Service, Hospital de Calahorra, 26500 Calahorra, Spain
| | | | - Alfredo Martínez
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
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Alinia S, Ahmadi S, Mohammadi Z, Rastkar Shirvandeh F, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Mahmoudi L, Safari M, Roshanaei G. Exploring the impact of stage and tumor site on colorectal cancer survival: Bayesian survival modeling. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4270. [PMID: 38383712 PMCID: PMC10881505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54943-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a prevalent malignancy with global significance. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the influence of stage and tumor site on survival outcomes in 284 colorectal cancer patients diagnosed between 2001 and 2017. Patients were categorized into four groups based on tumor site (colon and rectum) and disease stage (early stage and advanced stage). Demographic characteristics, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes were recorded. Bayesian survival modeling was performed using semi-competing risks illness-death models with an accelerated failure time (AFT) approach, utilizing R 4.1 software. Results demonstrated significantly higher time ratios for disease recurrence (TR = 1.712, 95% CI 1.489-2.197), mortality without recurrence (TR = 1.933, 1.480-2.510), and mortality after recurrence (TR = 1.847, 1.147-2.178) in early-stage colon cancer compared to early-stage rectal cancer. Furthermore, patients with advanced-stage rectal cancer exhibited shorter survival times for disease recurrence than patients with early-stage colon cancer. The interaction effect between the disease site and cancer stage was not significant. These findings, derived from the optimal Bayesian log-normal model for terminal and non-terminal events, highlight the importance of early detection and effective management strategies for colon cancer. Early-stage colon cancer demonstrated improved survival rates for disease recurrence, mortality without recurrence, and mortality after recurrence compared to other stages. Early intervention and comprehensive care are crucial to enhance prognosis and minimize adverse events in colon cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayesteh Alinia
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Mahdavi Blvd, Zanjan, 4513956111, Iran
| | - Samira Ahmadi
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Mahdavi Blvd, Zanjan, 4513956111, Iran
| | - Zahra Mohammadi
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Mahdavi Blvd, Zanjan, 4513956111, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rastkar Shirvandeh
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Mahdavi Blvd, Zanjan, 4513956111, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi
- Cabrini Research, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC, 3144, Australia.
- School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, VIC, 3800, Australia.
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht St. Attar e Neshabouri St., Tabriz, 5166614711, Iran.
| | - Leila Mahmoudi
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Mahdavi Blvd, Zanjan, 4513956111, Iran.
| | - Malihe Safari
- Department of Biostatistics, Medicine School, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Ghodratollah Roshanaei
- Modeling of Non-Communicable Diseases Research Canter, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Pinheiro M, Moreira DN, Ghidini M. Colon and rectal cancer: An emergent public health problem. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:644-651. [PMID: 38515957 PMCID: PMC10950624 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i7.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer ranks third globally, with a high mortality rate. In the United States, and different countries in Europe, organized population screenings exist and include people between 50 and 74 years of age. These screenings have allowed an early diagnosis and consequently an improvement in health indicators. Colon and rectal cancer (CRC) is a disease of particular interest due to the high global burden associated with it and the role attributed to prevention and early diagnosis in reducing morbidity and mortality. This study is a review of CRC pathology and includes the most recent scientific evidence regarding this pathology, as well as a diagnosis of the epidemiological situation of CRC. Finally, the recommendation from a public health perspective will be discussed in detail taking into account the context and the most current recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pinheiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Unidade de Saúde Pública, Unidade Local de Saúde Barcelos/Esposende, Barcelinhos 4755-069, Braga, Portugal
| | - David Nascimento Moreira
- Unidade de Saúde Pública, Unidade Local de Saúde Barcelos/Esposende, Barcelinhos 4755-069, Braga, Portugal
| | - Michele Ghidini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
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Al-Maharik N, Salama Y, Al-Hajj N, Jaradat N, Jobran NT, Warad I, Hamdan L, Alrob MA, Sawafta A, Hidmi A. Chemical composition, anticancer, antimicrobial activity of Aloysia citriodora Palau essential oils from four different locations in Palestine. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:94. [PMID: 38365676 PMCID: PMC10870676 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04390-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this investigation was to determine the anticancer and antimicrobial properties of essential oils (EOs) extracted from the leaves of Aloysia citriodora Palau, which were procured from four separate locations in Palestine, in addition to analyzing their chemical composition. These areas include Jericho, which has the distinction of being the lowest location on Earth, at 260 m below sea level. The EOs were acquired by hydrodistillation, and their chemical composition was examined utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EOs was assessed against six bacterial strains and one fungal species using 96-well microtiter plates. The primary components found in these oils are geranial (26.32-37.22%), neral (18.38-29.00%), and α-curcumene (7.76-16.91%) in three regions. α-Curcumene (26.94%), spathulenol (13.69%), geranial (10.79%), caryophyllene oxide (8.66%), and neral (7.59%) were found to be the most common of the 32 chemical components in the EO from Jericho. The EOs exhibited bactericidal properties, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and showed highly effective fungicidal activity. Nevertheless, the antifungal efficacy of the EO was found to surpass its antibacterial activity when administered at lower dosages. The EOs exhibited anticancer activities against melanoma cancer cells, as indicated by their IC50 values, which ranged from 4.65 to 7.96 μg/mL. A. citriodora EO possesses substantial antifungal and anticancer characteristics, rendering it appropriate for utilization in food-related contexts, hence potentially enhancing the sustainability of the food sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawaf Al-Maharik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box. 7, Nablus, 99900800, Palestine.
| | - Yousef Salama
- An-Najah Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, 00970, Palestine
| | - Nisreen Al-Hajj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box. 7, Nablus, 99900800, Palestine
| | - Nidal Jaradat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, P.O. Box. 7, Palestine
| | - Naji Thaer Jobran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Birzeit University, Birzeit, P.O. Box. 7, Palestine
| | - Ismael Warad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box. 7, Nablus, 99900800, Palestine
| | - Lina Hamdan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box. 7, Nablus, 99900800, Palestine
| | - Moataz Abo Alrob
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box. 7, Nablus, 99900800, Palestine
| | - Asil Sawafta
- An-Najah Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, 00970, Palestine
| | - Adel Hidmi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Birzeit University, Birzeit, P.O. Box. 7, Palestine
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Di Nardo M, Astigiano S, Baldari S, Pallotta MM, Porta G, Pigozzi S, Antonini A, Emionite L, Frattini A, Valli R, Toietta G, Soddu S, Musio A. The synergism of SMC1A cohesin gene silencing and bevacizumab against colorectal cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:49. [PMID: 38365745 PMCID: PMC10870497 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02976-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SMC1A is a subunit of the cohesin complex that participates in many DNA- and chromosome-related biological processes. Previous studies have established that SMC1A is involved in cancer development and in particular, is overexpressed in chromosomally unstable human colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate whether SMC1A could serve as a therapeutic target for CRC. METHODS At first, we studied the effects of either SMC1A overexpression or knockdown in vitro. Next, the outcome of SMC1A knocking down (alone or in combination with bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor) was analyzed in vivo. RESULTS We found that SMC1A knockdown affects cell proliferation and reduces the ability to grow in anchorage-independent manner. Next, we demonstrated that the silencing of SMC1A and the combo treatment were effective in increasing overall survival in a xenograft mouse model. Functional analyses indicated that both treatments lead to atypical mitotic figures and gene expression dysregulation. Differentially expressed genes were implicated in several pathways including gene transcription regulation, cellular proliferation, and other transformation-associated processes. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that SMC1A silencing, in combination with bevacizumab, can represent a promising therapeutic strategy for human CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Di Nardo
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche (ITB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Moruzzi, Pisa, 1 56124, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Baldari
- Dipartimento Ricerca e Tecnologie Avanzate, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Michela Pallotta
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche (ITB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Moruzzi, Pisa, 1 56124, Italy
| | - Giovanni Porta
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Sezione di Biologia Generale e Genetica Medica, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Simona Pigozzi
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Diagnostiche Integrate, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Antonini
- Dipartimento Ricerca e Tecnologie Avanzate, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Annalisa Frattini
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Sezione di Biologia Generale e Genetica Medica, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Valli
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Sezione di Biologia Generale e Genetica Medica, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Gabriele Toietta
- Dipartimento Ricerca e Tecnologie Avanzate, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Soddu
- Dipartimento Ricerca e Tecnologie Avanzate, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Musio
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche (ITB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Moruzzi, Pisa, 1 56124, Italy.
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Al-Tameemi HK, Al-Husseini RM, Al-Mudhafer RH, Abid HA, Al-Gazali HR, Abdullah DA, Albaldawy MT. Molecular and immunohistochemical study of APC exon 16 and its possible role in colorectal carcinoma development. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23443. [PMID: 38356597 PMCID: PMC10865248 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer ranks second as a cause of cancer deaths. Mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene, especially in exon 16, could contribute to colorectal carcinoma development. This study explored the correlations between APC gene exon 16 variations/expression and colorectal carcinoma progression. Methods In a case-control study, blood samples from 150 colorectal carcinoma patients and 50 healthy volunteers were analyzed by PCR and sequencing for APC exon 16 variations. The APC protein expression on tissue samples was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and statistical analyses were used to examine clinicopathological correlations. Results The sequencing analysis revealed a mutation in exon 16 of the APC gene (rs459552) in 36 % of colorectal cancer cases while absent in all non-cancer controls. Subgroup analysis by tumor grade showed higher prevalence of mutant allele in Grade II and Grade III cases, with frequencies reaching 60.0 % and 69.2 %, respectively, compared to a substantially lower prevalence of 29.4 % in Grade I patients. Immunohistochemistry showed no significant correlation between this mutation and APC expression. APC positivity proportions were 25.5 % in Grade I tumors (n = 26/102) versus 17.1 % in Grade II (n = 6/35) and 46.2 % in Grade III (n = 6/13), showing a non-significant trend of reduced positivity in higher grade tumors (p>0.05). Conclusions The frequency of APC exon 16 mutation (rs459552) rose significantly with increasing tumor grade. Similarly, although not statistically significant, the percentage of APC positive staining increased with poorer tumor differentiation, rather than declining. Therefore, the APC exon 16 mutation and expression analysis provides insights into colorectal cancer progression, with the rs459552 mutation correlating with grade and may promoting aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid K. Al-Tameemi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Bilad Alrafidain University Collage, Baqubah, Iraq
| | | | | | - Hussein A. Abid
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Dina A.A. Abdullah
- Department of Science, College of Basic Education, University of Diyala, Baqubah, Iraq
| | - Mustafa T. Albaldawy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Middle Technical University, Balad Technical Institute, Balad, Iraq
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Chen Z, Zhang L, Li J, Fu M. MLFLHMDA: predicting human microbe-disease association based on multi-view latent feature learning. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1353278. [PMID: 38371933 PMCID: PMC10869561 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1353278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction A growing body of research indicates that microorganisms play a crucial role in human health. Imbalances in microbial communities are closely linked to human diseases, and identifying potential relationships between microbes and diseases can help elucidate the pathogenesis of diseases. However, traditional methods based on biological or clinical experiments are costly, so the use of computational models to predict potential microbe-disease associations is of great importance. Methods In this paper, we present a novel computational model called MLFLHMDA, which is based on a Multi-View Latent Feature Learning approach to predict Human potential Microbe-Disease Associations. Specifically, we compute Gaussian interaction profile kernel similarity between diseases and microbes based on the known microbe-disease associations from the Human Microbe-Disease Association Database and perform a preprocessing step on the resulting microbe-disease association matrix, namely, weighting K nearest known neighbors (WKNKN) to reduce the sparsity of the microbe-disease association matrix. To obtain unobserved associations in the microbe and disease views, we extract different latent features based on the geometrical structure of microbes and diseases, and project multi-modal latent features into a common subspace. Next, we introduce graph regularization to preserve the local manifold structure of Gaussian interaction profile kernel similarity and add L p , q -norms to the projection matrix to ensure the interpretability and sparsity of the model. Results The AUC values for global leave-one-out cross-validation and 5-fold cross validation implemented by MLFLHMDA are 0.9165 and 0.8942+/-0.0041, respectively, which perform better than other existing methods. In addition, case studies of different diseases have demonstrated the superiority of the predictive power of MLFLHMDA. The source code of our model and the data are available on https://github.com/LiangzheZhang/MLFLHMDA_master.
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Malík M, Doskočil I, Pavlík J, Ulman M, Praus L, Kouřimský P, Lampová B, Kuklina A, Tlustoš P. Selective Cytotoxicity of Medical Cannabis ( Cannabis sativa L.) Extracts Across the Whole Vegetation Cycle Under Various Hydroponic and Nutritional Treatments. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2024; 9:409-420. [PMID: 36459627 DOI: 10.1089/can.2022.0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The use of Cannabis sativa L. in health care requires stringent care for the optimal production of the bioactive compounds. However, plant phenotypes and the content of secondary metabolites, such as phytocannabinoids, are strongly influenced by external factors, such as nutrient availability. It has been shown that phytocannabinoids can exhibit selective cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines while protecting healthy tissue from apoptosis. Research Aim: This study aimed to clarify the cytotoxic effect of cannabis extracts on colorectal cell lines by identifying the main active compounds and determining their abundance and activity across all developmental stages of medical cannabis plants cultivated under hydroponic conditions. Materials and Methods: Dimethyl sulfoxide extracts of medical cannabis plants bearing the genotype classified as chemotype I were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and their cytotoxic activity was determined by measuring cell viability by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay on the human colon cancer cell lines, Caco-2 and HT-29, and the normal human epithelial cell line, CCD 841 CoN. Results: The most abundant phytocannabinoid in cannabis extracts was tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA). Its maximum concentrations were reached from the 7th to the 13th plant vegetation week, depending on the nutritional cycle and treatment. Almost all extracts were cytotoxic to the human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line HT-29 at lower concentrations than the other cell lines. The phytocannabinoids that most affected the cytotoxicity of individual extracts on HT-29 were cannabigerol, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, cannabigerolic acid, and THCA. The tested model showed almost 70% influence of these cannabinoids. However, THCA alone influenced the cytotoxicity of individual extracts by nearly 65%. Conclusions: Phytocannabinoid extracts from plants of the THCA-dominant chemotype interacted synergistically and showed selective cytotoxicity against the CRC cell line, HT-29. This positive extract response indicates possible therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matěj Malík
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Doskočil
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Pavlík
- Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Ulman
- Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Praus
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kouřimský
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Lampová
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandra Kuklina
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Tlustoš
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha, Czech Republic
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Chen X, Chen LJ, Peng XF, Deng L, Wang Y, Li JJ, Guo DL, Niu XH. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy for colorectal cancer: Clinical implications and future considerations. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101851. [PMID: 38042137 PMCID: PMC10701436 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer in the world. The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays a crucial role in modulating immune response to cancer, and PD-L1 expression has been observed in tumor and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment of CRC. Thus, immunotherapy drugs, specifically checkpoint inhibitors, have been developed to target the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1 and restoring T-cell function in cancer cells. However, the emergence of resistance mechanisms can reduce the efficacy of these treatments. To counter this, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been used to improve the efficacy of CRC treatments. mAbs such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab are currently approved for CRC treatment. These antibodies impede immune checkpoint receptors, including PD-1/PD-L1, and their combination therapy shows promise in the treatment of advanced CRC. This review presents a concise overview of the use of the PD-1/PD-L1 blockade as a therapeutic strategy for CRC using monoclonal antibodies and combination therapies. Additionally, this article outlines the function of PD-1/PD-L1 as an immune response suppressor in the CRC microenvironment as well as the potential advantages of administering inflammatory agents for CRC treatment. Finally, this review analyzes the outcomes of clinical trials to examine the challenges of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong Province 511518, China
| | - Ling-Juan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong Province 511518, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong Province 511518, China
| | - Ling Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong Province 511518, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong Province 511518, China
| | - Jiu-Jiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong Province 511518, China
| | - Dong-Li Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong Province 511518, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Niu
- Department of General Surgery, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong Province 511518, China.
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Chen H, Yao J, Shan Z, Wei Y, You S, Li D, Zhang Y. To Assess the Role of microRNA-451 in the Progression and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:1044-1057. [PMID: 37318687 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04538-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the expression of miR451 in colorectal cancer (CRC) subjects with CRC cells, and the role of miR451 in colorectal cancer cells. In October 2020, ATC purchased CRC and normal mucosal cell lines of CRC and implanted them in DMEM with 10% fetal serum. The suitability of the HT29 cell line is verified using the STR profile. In an incubator with 5% CO2, enlarged cells were placed at 37 °C. TCGA data was used to select the top 120 patients with a high voice and the lowest 120 patients with a low voice. Cells were collected and coated with Annexin V and PE according to the manufacturer's instructions after 24.0 h. After that, the cells were separated. Cells were also tested using flow cytometry. HCT-120 cells were transplanted into a concentration of 5×105/ml cells in 6-source plates. HCT120 cells in the experimental group were combined with miR451 mimics, miR451 inhibitors, or miR451 miR + SMAD4B for 12 h at 37 °C, and cells were collected 24 h later at 37 °C. The sample was injected with 5 ml of Annexin VFITC and PE. Compared with normal colorectal mucosal cells, CRC cell lines decreased miR451 expression levels (fetal human cells (FHC) and HCoEpiC). Then, the HCT120 cells were transfected with miR451 inhibitors, and 72 h after transfection, say of miR451 was normal. There was a significant decrease in cell function in the miR451mimic groups, but an increase when the miR451 was blocked. The proliferation of cancer cells was prevented and chemotherapy was effective when miR451 was overexpressed. The SMAD4 gene provides instructions for making a protein involved in transmitting chemical signals from the cell surface to the nucleus. The SMAD4B expression was tested by RT-qPCR and Western blotting after 72.0 h of transmission. The mRNA and protein expression of SMAD4B decreased significantly when miR451 was significantly higher than when inhibited, as revealed in the results of this study. Seventy-two hours after transplantation, mRNA levels and SMAD4B proteins were measured in HCT120 cells. In addition, the researchers in this study investigated whether miR451 was associated with SMAD4B-directed control of CRC growth and migration. It was found that SMAD4B is highly expressed in both CRC and para-cancer tissues while using the TCGA database to detect SMAD4B expression. Patients with CRC with SMAD4B have a severe prognosis. MiR451 is sensitive to depressive disorders by targeting SMAD4B, according to these studies. We found that miR451 inhibited cell growth and migration, made CRC cells more readily available in chemotherapy, and did so by targeting SMAD4B. The findings suggest that miR451 and its genetic predisposition, SMAD4B, may help predict the prognosis and course of cancer patients. Treatments that target the miR451/SMAD4B axis may be helpful to people with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China
| | - Zhili Shan
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China
| | - YiJun Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China
| | - Shijie You
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China
| | - Dechun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No 9 of Chongwen Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China.
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No 899 of Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000, China.
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JIN T, ZHOU Q, SHEN J, ZHANG Z, LIAN X. Caffeic acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester prevents colorectal cancer through inhibition of multiple cancer-promoting signal pathways in 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine/dextran sodium sulphate mouse model. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2024; 44:70-77. [PMID: 38213241 PMCID: PMC10774738 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20231204.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the potential feature and mechanism of the caffeic acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (CADPE) molecule, which can prevent colorectal cancer (CRC) in the 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine (DMH)/dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced mouse model. METHODS Institute of cancer research (ICR) male mice were injected with 20 mg/kg DMH for a week. After that, 2% DSS was administered in the drinking water for another 7 d. The CADPE treatment was given to the DMH/DSS induced male mice at three different periods until their sacrifice. Histopathological examination was used for observing the CRC development at colonic mucosa. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), blood cells smearing and crypt damage scoring methods were used for investigating the anti-inflammation feature of CADPE related to CRC. The reversing targets searching method was applied with artificial intelligence (AI), computer-aided drug designing (CADD) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) techniques for predicting the potential targets and mechanism of CADPE highly related to CRC. RESULTS The data indicated that CADPE inhibited CRC tumor development in the colitis-associated DMH/DSS induced mouse model after giving the early treatment. CADPE also impeded the acute inflammation by decreasing the infiltration of neutrophils significantly during the initial stage of CRC development. Finally, our data showed that CADPE prevented CRC by blocking active sites of three pivotal protein targets including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in two major cancer development pathways. CONCLUSIONS CADPE effectively prevented CRC at early stage of tumor germination in the DMH/DSS mouse model highly likely due to its anti-acute inflammation characteristic and the ability of blocking EGFR, ERK and mTOR activities in two highly related CRC developing pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao JIN
- 1 College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qian ZHOU
- 1 College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jichen SHEN
- 2 Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhizhong ZHANG
- 3 Ocean College, Zhoushan Campus of Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Xiaoyuan LIAN
- 4 College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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48
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Popova KB, Penchovsky R. General and Specific Cytotoxicity of Chimeric Antisense Oligonucleotides in Bacterial Cells and Human Cell Lines. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:122. [PMID: 38391508 PMCID: PMC10885958 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13020122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, antisense oligonucleotide technology has emerged as a promising approach to tackling various healthcare issues and diseases, such as antimicrobial resistance, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the numerous improvements in the structure and modifications of the antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), there are still specific problems with their clinical efficacy and preclinical cytotoxicity results. To better understand the effects of the ASOs in this paper, we conducted many MTT assays to assess the general and specific cytotoxicity of four new chimeric ASOs in bacterial cells and human cell lines. We demonstrate the absence of inhibitory activity in the human pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus by non-specific ASOs. The pVEC-ASO1 and pVEC-ASO2 are designed to have no specific targets in S. aureus. They have only partial hybridization to the guanylate kinase mRNA. The pVEC-ASO3 targets UBA2 mRNA, a hallmark cancer pathology in MYC-driven cancer, while pVEC-ASO4 has no complementary sequences. We discovered some cytotoxicity of the non-specific ASOs in healthy and cancer human cell lines. The results are compared with two other ASOs, targeting specific mRNA in cancer cells. All ASOs are delivered into the cell via the cell-penetrating oligopeptide pVEC, which is attached to them. We draw a good correlation between the thermodynamic stability of ASO/target RNA and the toxicity effect in human cell lines. The data obtained signify the importance of thorough bioinformatic analysis and high specificity in designing and developing novel ASOs for safer therapeutic agents in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katya B Popova
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Robert Penchovsky
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Wu J, Wang M, Zhang Y, Liu G, Xing Y. Activation of CHPF by transcription factor NFIC promotes NLRP3 activation during the progression of colorectal cancer. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:20. [PMID: 38267731 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01299-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Given the role of chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) in several cancers, we investigated its role in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its association with NLRP3 inflammasome activation. High expression of CHPF in CRC predicted poor patient prognosis. Using colony formation, EdU staining, wound healing, Transwell invasion, and flow cytometry assays, we revealed that the downregulation of CHPF inhibited the malignant behavior of CRC cells. CHPF promoted NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inducing the MAPK signaling pathway, as evidenced by enhanced expression of Phos-ERK1/2, Phos-MEK1, Phos-MEK2, and NLRP3. Additionally, nuclear factor 1 C-type (NFIC) was revealed as a potential upstream transcription factor of CHPF in the modulation of CRC, and the anti-tumor effects elicited through its knockdown were compromised by CHPF in vitro and in vivo. In summary, we demonstrated that NFIC promoted NLRP3 activation to support CRC development via the CHPF-mediated MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Wu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Baicheng Medical College, Taobei District, No. 27, Mianfang Road, Jilin, 137000, Baicheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Baicheng City Hospital, Jilin, 137000, Baicheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuechuan Zhang
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, 154007, Jiamusi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohong Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Baicheng Medical College, Taobei District, No. 27, Mianfang Road, Jilin, 137000, Baicheng, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yutong Xing
- Department of Surgery, Xiamen Fifth Hospital, Xiangan District, No. 101, Minan Road, Fujian, 361100, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Gurbatri CR, Radford GA, Vrbanac L, Im J, Thomas EM, Coker C, Taylor SR, Jang Y, Sivan A, Rhee K, Saleh AA, Chien T, Zandkarimi F, Lia I, Lannagan TRM, Wang T, Wright JA, Kobayashi H, Ng JQ, Lawrence M, Sammour T, Thomas M, Lewis M, Papanicolas L, Perry J, Fitzsimmons T, Kaazan P, Lim A, Stavropoulos AM, Gouskos DA, Marker J, Ostroff C, Rogers G, Arpaia N, Worthley DL, Woods SL, Danino T. Engineering tumor-colonizing E. coli Nissle 1917 for detection and treatment of colorectal neoplasia. Nat Commun 2024; 15:646. [PMID: 38245513 PMCID: PMC10799955 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44776-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioengineered probiotics enable new opportunities to improve colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, prevention and treatment. Here, first, we demonstrate selective colonization of colorectal adenomas after oral delivery of probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) to a genetically-engineered murine model of CRC predisposition and orthotopic models of CRC. We next undertake an interventional, double-blind, dual-centre, prospective clinical trial, in which CRC patients take either placebo or EcN for two weeks prior to resection of neoplastic and adjacent normal colorectal tissue (ACTRN12619000210178). We detect enrichment of EcN in tumor samples over normal tissue from probiotic-treated patients (primary outcome of the trial). Next, we develop early CRC intervention strategies. To detect lesions, we engineer EcN to produce a small molecule, salicylate. Oral delivery of this strain results in increased levels of salicylate in the urine of adenoma-bearing mice, in comparison to healthy controls. To assess therapeutic potential, we engineer EcN to locally release a cytokine, GM-CSF, and blocking nanobodies against PD-L1 and CTLA-4 at the neoplastic site, and demonstrate that oral delivery of this strain reduces adenoma burden by ~50%. Together, these results support the use of EcN as an orally-deliverable platform to detect disease and treat CRC through the production of screening and therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice R Gurbatri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Georgette A Radford
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Laura Vrbanac
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Jongwon Im
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Elaine M Thomas
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Courtney Coker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Samuel R Taylor
- Weill Cornell-Rockefeller-Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD program, New York, NY, USA
| | - YoungUk Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Ayelet Sivan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Kyu Rhee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anas A Saleh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tiffany Chien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | | | - Ioana Lia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Tamsin R M Lannagan
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Josephine A Wright
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Jia Q Ng
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Matt Lawrence
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Tarik Sammour
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Michelle Thomas
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Mark Lewis
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Lito Papanicolas
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Joanne Perry
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Tracy Fitzsimmons
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Patricia Kaazan
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Amanda Lim
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | | | - Dion A Gouskos
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Julie Marker
- Cancer Voices SA, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Cheri Ostroff
- University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Geraint Rogers
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Nicholas Arpaia
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Daniel L Worthley
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- Colonoscopy Clinic, Spring Hill, 4000, Queensland, Australia
| | - Susan L Woods
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
| | - Tal Danino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
- Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
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