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Wang Y, Wang W, Liu K, Liu Y, Shen X, Li Q, Deng F, Hao X, Wang Y. The mechanism of Xihuang pills' intervention in the tumour immune microenvironment for the treatment of liver cancer based on the STAT3-PDL1 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118278. [PMID: 38710457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xihuang pills, a time-honored Chinese compound formula with a history spanning thousands of years, have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in treating various cancers, such as breast cancer, colon cancer, and liver cancer. Clinical applications over the years have established their effectiveness. Several scholars conducting experimental studies have elucidated the potent tumor-suppressing effects of Xihuang pills. While the inhibition of tumor vascular development and prevention of tumor cell invasion and metastasis have been well-explored mechanisms, the impact on the tumor immune microenvironment has received less attention. This study focuses on investigating the immune microenvironment adjustments induced by Xihuang pills in hepatocellular carcinoma. AIM OF THE STUDY Tumour cells will find an escape phenomenon during tumour immunotherapy, which will affect immunotherapy results. We will research the regulation of the tumour immune microenvironment, to provide a more complete and precise basis for the elucidation of the mechanism of Xihuang pills in treating cancers. It provides new research ideas for people to treat liver cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Through in vivo and in vitro assessments confirming the intervention effects of Xihuang pills, we observed alterations in T cell typing, macrophage polarization, and tumor-associated cytokine levels. The primary active ingredients of Xihuang pills were identified using UPLC-MS/GC-MS, and relevant pathways in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma were predicted through network pharmacology. Combining the network pharmacology approach, we predicted the pathways relevant to Xihuang pills in treating hepatocellular carcinoma and experimentally validated the involvement of PD-1/PD-L1, a key immunity-related axis. RESULTS Xihuang Pill has a regulatory effect on the tumor immune microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that Xihuang pills could impact splenic lymphocyte phenotyping, macrophage polarization, and IL-6 cytokine expression in liver cancer mice. The mechanism of action was associated with the regulation of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway by the STAT3 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Kaili Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- Shanxi Zhendong Anxin Biopharmaceutical Co., Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Qiule Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Fanying Deng
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Xuliang Hao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 75, section 1, Jinci Road, WanBailin District, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yingli Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China.
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Li T, Xu X, Guo M, Guo J, Nakayama K, Ren Z, Zhang L. Identification of a Macrophage marker gene signature to evaluate immune infiltration and therapeutic response in hepatocellular carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31881. [PMID: 38845876 PMCID: PMC11154631 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Only a minority of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients can benefit from systemic regimens. Macrophages, which abundantly infiltrate in HCC, could mediate tumour microenvironment remodelling and immune escape, proving to be powerful weapons in combating HCC. Thus, a deeper understanding of macrophages is necessary for improving existing antitumour treatments. Methods With a series of bioinformatic approaches, we comprehensively explored the role of macrophage-related genes in human HCCs from multiple single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing datasets. Unsupervised clustering was performed to cluster the macrophage marker genes (MMGs). GSVA and functional enrichment analysis were used to elucidate the functional differences among the MMG-associated clusters. Subsequently, a component analysis algorithm was used to construct a Macrosig score, and the prognosis, biological characteristics, mutation profile, TME cell infiltration status and drug response of patients with different Macrosig scores were further analysed. Results We identified 13 MMGs in 574 HCC samples, based on which three MMG-associated clusters were defined. Overall survival time, clinicopathological features and immune infiltration scores differed among the different clusters. On this basis, 12 hub genes were identified among these clusters; subsequently, a scoring system was constructed to determine the Macrosig score. Importantly, patients with low-Macrosig scores, characterized by increased immune infiltration, increased mutation frequency and increased immune checkpoint expression, including CTLA-4, LAG3, PDCD1 and TIGIT, exhibited enhanced efficacy of immunotherapy when validated in an external database. Moreover, a low-Macrosig score indicates increased sensitivity to AZD.2281, A.443654, ABT.263, ABT.888, AG.014699 and ATRA, while a high Macrosig score indicates increased sensitivity to AZD6482, AKT inhibitor VIII, AS601245, AZ628, AZD.0530 and AZD6244. Conclusions A novel scoring system was constructed to guide more effective prognostic evaluation and tailoring therapeutic regimens for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Liver Cancer Institute & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Xuhui Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Liver Cancer Institute & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengzhou Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Xuhui Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kiyoko Nakayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenggang Ren
- Liver Cancer Institute & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wang W, Liu D, Yao J, Yuan Z, Yan L, Cao B. ANXA5: A Key Regulator of Immune Cell Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e943523. [PMID: 38824386 PMCID: PMC11155417 DOI: 10.12659/msm.943523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a significant threat to human life and is the most prevalent form of liver cancer. The intricate interplay between apoptosis, a common form of programmed cell death, and its role in immune regulation stands as a crucial mechanism influencing tumor metastasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Utilizing HCC samples from the TCGA database and 61 anoikis-related genes (ARGs) sourced from GeneCards, we analyzed the relationship between ARGs and immune cell infiltration in HCC. Subsequently, we identified long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with ARGs, using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis to construct a robust prognostic model. The predictive capabilities of the model were then validated through examination in a single-cell dataset. RESULTS Our constructed prognostic model, derived from lncRNAs linked to ARGs, comprised 11 significant lncRNAs: NRAV, MCM3AP-AS1, OTUD6B-AS1, AC026356.1, AC009133.1, DDX11-AS1, AC108463.2, MIR4435-2HG, WARS2-AS1, LINC01094, and HCG18. The risk score assigned to HCC samples demonstrated associations with immune indicators and the infiltration of immune cells. Further, we identified Annexin A5 (ANXA5) as the pivotal gene among ARGs, with it exerting a prominent role in regulating the lncRNA gene signature. Our validation in a single-cell database elucidated the involvement of ANXA5 in immune cell infiltration, specifically in the regulation of mononuclear cells. CONCLUSIONS This study delves into the intricate correlation between ARGs and immune cell infiltration in HCC, culminating in the development of a novel prognostic model reliant on 11 ARGs-associated lncRNAs. Furthermore, our findings highlight ANXA5 as a promising target for immune regulation in HCC, offering new perspectives for immune therapy in the context of HCC.
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Tang S, Sun R, Tang K, Wei X, Liu M, Zhang H. A novel prognostic model for predicting patient survival and immunotherapy responsiveness in hepatocellular carcinoma: insights into the involvement of T-cell proliferation. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:1368-1383. [PMID: 38123874 PMCID: PMC11108937 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03363-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cancer-associated biological mechanisms and the implementation of immunotherapy are heavily impacted by the activities of T cells, consequently influencing the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. Nevertheless, the mechanistic actions of T-cell proliferation in response to immunotherapy and the overall prognosis of individuals diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains insufficiently understood. The present work seeks to present a comprehensive analysis immune landscape in the context of HCC. METHODS To achieve this objective, both clinical data and RNA sequencing data were acquired from authoritative databases such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). RESULTS Through the utilization of consensus clustering techniques, distinct molecular subtypes associated with T-cell proliferation were delineated. Following this, seven genes of prognostic significance were identified via a combination of Cox and Lasso regression analyses. By integrating these genes into a prognostic signature, the predictive capability of the model was verified through an examination of internal and external datasets. Moreover, immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR tests have verified the reliability of prognostic markers. Notably, the high-risk group exhibited elevated expression of immune checkpoint genes as well as higher benefit in terms of drug sensitivity testing, as determined by the Chi-square test (P < 0.001). The risk score derived from the prognostic signature depicted considerable efficacy in predicting the survival outcomes of HCC cases. CONCLUSIONS Overall, prognostic markers may become valuable predictive tool for individuals diagnosed with HCC, allowing for the prediction of their prognosis as well as the assessment of their immunological condition and response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Tang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Kechao Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Huabing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Zhang WQ, Sun JX, Lan ST, Sun XM, Guo YJ, Wen BC, Chen J, Liu G. Regulation of Fuzheng Huayu capsule on inhibiting the fibrosis-associated hepatocellular carcinogenesis. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38780602 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2355132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In the current study, bioinformatics analysis of the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) dataset was conducted with the hepatoprotective effect of the Fuzheng Huayu (FZHY) capsule against the diethylnitrosamine-induced HCC progression analyzed. Eight cell clusters were defined and tanshinone IIA, arachidonic acid, and quercetin, compounds of the FZHY capsule, inhibit HCC progression-related fibrosis by regulating the expression of PLAU and IGFBP3. Combined with the ameliorative effect of the FZHY capsule against liver dysfunctions and expression of PLAU and IGFBP3, our study confirmed the effect of the FZHY capsule on inhibiting the fibrosis-associated HCC progression via regulating the expression of PLAU and IGFBP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Jia-Xin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Shu-Ting Lan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Yi-Jing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Bi-Chao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
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Fan L, Qin Z, Wu D, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Xie B, Qian J, Wei J, Wang Z, Yang P, Qian Z, Yuan M, Zhu Z, Tan Y, Tan Y. LARS1 is a Prognostic Biomarker and Exhibits a Correlation with Immune Infiltrates in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:2203-2221. [PMID: 38774724 PMCID: PMC11107939 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s457577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study the relationship between LARS1 expression and immune infiltration and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients and Methods The clinical characteristics together with LARS1 expression levels were obtained from the TCGA database. Immunohistochemistry confirmed LARS1 expression levels in paraneoplastic and tumor tissues. To investigate LARS1-related downstream molecules, a network of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and the Gene Ontology (GO)/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were built. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to analyze the pathways associated with LARS1 expression, whereas Single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) was applied to perform an association study between immune infiltration and LARS1 gene expression. The TISCH Database and the TISIDB database were used to compare the difference of LARS1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma and immunomodulators. Results In comparison to that in normal tissues, the LARS1 expression level was elevated in tumor tissues. LARS1 expression exhibited substantial correlation with AFP, Histologic grade, pathologic stage, Residual tumor, and Vascular invasion in HCC. Higher LARS1 expression in HCC was linked to lower progression-free survival (PFS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS). According to the GO/KEGG study, the important biological process (neutral lipid metabolic process), cellular component (triglyceride-rich plasma lipoprotein), molecular functions (lipase inhibitor activity), and KEGG pathway (cholesterol metabolism) could be a probable function mechanism in promoting HCC. Various pathways as per GSEA revealed that they were enriched in samples with elevated LARS1 expression. The expression level of LARS1 in malignant tumor cells after immunotherapy was significantly higher than that before immunotherapy. LARS1 was also remarkably linked to the infiltration level and the immunomodulators. Conclusion LARS1 can be used as a biomarker of HCC, which is associated to immune infiltration of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Fan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongqiang Qin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunchuan Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yigang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Xie
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Qian
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianzhu Wei
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoying Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peipei Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Qian
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mu Yuan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Zhu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulin Tan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Tan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People’s Republic of China
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Wu K, Zhang G, Shen C, Zhu L, Yu C, Sartorius K, Ding W, Jiang Y, Lu Y. Role of T cells in liver metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:341. [PMID: 38755133 PMCID: PMC11099083 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06726-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The liver is a major metastatic site (organ) for gastrointestinal cancers (such as colorectal, gastric, and pancreatic cancers) as well as non-gastrointestinal cancers (such as lung, breast, and melanoma cancers). Due to the innate anatomical position of the liver, the apoptosis of T cells in the liver, the unique metabolic regulation of hepatocytes and other potential mechanisms, the liver tends to form an immunosuppressive microenvironment and subsequently form a pre-metastatic niche (PMN), which can promote metastasis and colonization by various tumor cells(TCs). As a result, the critical role of immunoresponse in liver based metastasis has become increasingly appreciated. T cells, a centrally important member of adaptive immune response, play a significant role in liver based metastases and clarifying the different roles of the various T cells subsets is important to guide future clinical treatment. In this review, we first introduce the predisposing factors and related mechanisms of liver metastasis (LM) before introducing the PMN and its transition to LM. Finally, we detail the role of different subsets of T cells in LM and advances in the management of LM in order to identify potential therapeutic targets for patients with LM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejia Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Guozhu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Changbing Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Taizhou Second People's Hospital Affiliated with Yangzhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Chongyuan Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Kurt Sartorius
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.
- Department of General Surgery, The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, China.
- Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Yunjie Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.
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Peng L, Xu S, Xu JL. Integration of Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Bulk RNA Sequencing to Identify an Immunogenic Cell Death-Related 5-Gene Prognostic Signature in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:879-900. [PMID: 38770169 PMCID: PMC11104445 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s449419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immunogenic cell death (ICD) can enhance the potency of immunotherapy in cancer treatment. Nevertheless, it is ambiguous how ICD-related genes (ICDRGs) contribute to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data were used to distinguish malignant cells from normal cells in the HCC tumor microenvironment(TME). Bulk RNA sequencing data was employed to acquire the landscape of the 33 ICDRGs. Unsupervised clustering identified two ICD molecular subtypes. The cellular infiltration characteristics and biological behavior in different subtypes were analyzed by ssGSEA. Subsequently, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two subtypes were determined, based on which patients were classified into three gene clusters. Then, the prognostic model was constructed by Lasso-Cox analysis. Finally, we investigated the expression of risk genes in cancer cell line encyclopedia (CCLE) and validated the function of NKX3-2 in vitro experiments. Results ICD scores and ICDRGs expression in malignant cells were significantly lower than in normal cells by scRNA-seq analysis. ICD-high subtype was characterized by ICD-related gene overexpression and high levels of immune infiltration abundance and immune checkpoints; Three DEGs-related gene clusters were likewise strongly linked to stromal and immunological activation. In the ICD-related prognostic model consisting of NKX3-2, CHODL, MMP1, NR0B1, and CTSV, the low-risk group patients had a better endpoint and displayed increased susceptibility to immunotherapy and chemotherapeutic drugs like 5-Fluorouracil, afatinib, bortezomib, cediratinib, lapatinib, dasatinib, gefitinib and crizotinib. Moreover, NKX3-2 amplification in HCC samples has been verified by experiments, and its disruption suppressed the proliferation and invasion of tumor cells. Conclusion Our study highlighted the potential of the ICDRGs risk score as a prognostic indicator to aid in the accurate diagnosis and immunotherapy sensitivity of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis & Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Liang Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Liang C, Long K, Zheng W, Zhong R, Li Z, Zhu S, Gu S, Zhu C, Yang Y. Exploring the role of CDCA4 in liver hepatocellular carcinoma using bioinformatics analysis and experiments. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38028. [PMID: 38701314 PMCID: PMC11062718 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) encompasses diverse therapeutic approaches, among which targeted therapy has gained significant prominence in recent years. The identification of numerous targets and the increasing clinical application of targeted drugs have greatly improved LIHC treatment. However, the precise role of CDCA4 (Cell Division Cycle Associated 4), as well as its underlying mechanisms and prognostic implications in LIHC, remains unclear. CDCA4 expression levels in LIHC were analyzed using multiple databases including the cancer genome atlas (TCGA), gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA), and ULCAN, as well as the datasets E_TABM_36, GSE144269, GSE14520, and GSE54236. The prognostic value of CDCA4 was then evaluated. Subsequently, the association between CDCA4 and immune cells was investigated. Enrichment analysis (GSEA) was utilized to investigate the functional roles and pathways linked to CDCA4. Additionally, the methylation patterns and drug sensitivity of CDCA4 were examined. A predictive model incorporating immune genes related to CDCA4 was developed. The TISCH dataset was used to investigate the single-cell expression patterns of CDCA4. Finally, validation of CDCA4 expression levels was conducted through RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. CDCA4 exhibited significant overexpression in LIHC and demonstrated significant correlations with clinical features. High expression of CDCA4 is associated with a poorer prognosis. Analysis of immune infiltration and enrichment revealed its association with the immune microenvironment. Furthermore, its expression is correlated with methylation and mutation patterns. CDCA4 is associated with 19 drugs. Prognostic models utilizing CDCA4 demonstrate favorable effectiveness. T cell subtypes were found to be associated with CDCA4 through single-cell analysis. The conclusive experiment provided evidence of significant upregulation of CDCA4 in LIHC. The high expression of CDCA4 in LIHC is associated with prognostic significance and is highly expressed in T cell subtypes, providing a new therapeutic target and potential therapeutic strategy for LIHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfu Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Kaijun Long
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Wenhao Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Riqiang Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Zhangrui Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Shengwei Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Shijing Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Chuangshi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
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Jia Y, Jiao X, Shi W, Luo Y, Xiang H, Liang J, Gao Y. Expression of 10 circulating cytokines/chemokines in HBV-related liver disease. Infect Agent Cancer 2024; 19:20. [PMID: 38693593 PMCID: PMC11064382 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-024-00580-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokines/chemokines play essential roles in the occurrence and progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study aimed to observe the expression patterns of 10 related cytokines/chemokines in the serum of healthy individuals, self-limited patients and HBV-infected patients at different stages of disease (chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis (LC), hepatocellular dysplastic nodules (DNs) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)) and to analyze the relationships of these cytokines/chemokines with disease progression. METHODS The levels of six cytokines (FGF-2, IFN-α2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and VEGF-A) and four chemokines (GRO-α, IL-8, IP-10 and MCP-1) were quantified using Luminex multiplex technology. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the expression of the 10 cytokines/chemokines between healthy individuals and self-limited patients. The levels of IL-4, IL-6, and IL-8 increased significantly in the CHB and LC groups. IL-10 was highly expressed in the HCC group. The level of IP-10 was significantly greater in all liver disease groups (CHB, LC, DN and HCC) than in the HI and SL-HBV groups, while the level of GRO was significantly lower in all liver disease groups than in the HI and SL-HBV groups. The levels of the 10 cytokines/chemokines were not significantly different between the preoperative group and the two-day postoperative group. Significant increases in the levels of IL-4, VEGF-A and IL-8 and significant decreases in those of IL-10 and GRO-α were observed 3 months after surgery. Correlation analysis revealed that most of the cytokines/chemokines with significant correlation differences were positively correlated before and after HCC surgery. CONCLUSION Our results highlight the fluctuating status of specific cytokines in HBV infection-related disease progression. It is speculated that these cytokines may be used as serum markers to monitor dynamic changes during the progression of HBV-related liver disease and to predict patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Jia
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Xiaolei Jiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Jintang Road 83#, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Wenxia Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Jintang Road 83#, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Jintang Road 83#, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Huiling Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Yingtang Gao
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Jintang Road 83#, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China.
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Wu Y, Tang H, Cui S, Liao Q, Zeng L, Tu Y. Hsa_circ_0051908 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Regulating the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Process. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2024; 2024:8645534. [PMID: 38715919 PMCID: PMC11074858 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8645534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Materials and Methods Hsa_circ_0051908 expression was determined using RT-qPCR. HCC cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration were assessed using CCK-8 assay, EdU staining, TUNEL staining, flow cytometry, and transwell assay. The molecular mechanism was analyzed using western blotting. In addition, the role of hsa_circ_0051908 in tumor growth was evaluated in vivo. Results Hsa_circ_0051908 expression was increased in both HCC tissues and cell lines. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells were significantly decreased after hsa_circ_0051908 knockdown, while cell apoptosis was notably increased. Furthermore, we found that hsa_circ_0051908 silencing downregulated vimentin and Snail and upregulated E-cadherin. In vivo, hsa_circ_0051908 silencing significantly inhibited the growth of the tumor. Conclusions Our data provide evidence that hsa_circ_0051908 promotes HCC progression partially by mediating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, and it may be used for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinbing Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huafei Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuzhong Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanxing Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lisi Zeng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinuo Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Li Q, Li F, Song X, Lu N, Jing X, Wen H, Ma P, Zhang H, Yao W, Wang X, Zhang M. Pan-cancer analysis of ARFs family and ARF5 promoted the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29099. [PMID: 38617932 PMCID: PMC11015141 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background ARF family proteins are a kind of small GTPases, which are involved in regulating a variety of basic functions of cells. In recent years, the role and molecular regulatory mechanisms of ARFs in tumor progression have received increasing attention, and research reports on most of their family members are increasing. However, research on the clinical and pathological relevance of ARF5 in cancer, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma, still needs to be improved. Methods RNA-seq data in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and genome tissue expression (GTEx) databases were used to analyze the expression and pathological data of ARFs family in Pan-cancer. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were used for prognostic analysis of ARF5 and Pan-cancer. Combined with ImmuCellAI database and TIMER2 database, the relationship between ARF5 expression and immune cell tumor infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was analyzed. WGCNA is used to construct the co-expression gene network related to ARF5 expression in HCC and screen important modules and central genes. GO and KEGG path enrichment analysis were carried out for the genes in the modules with clinical significance. GSEA analysis was performed to take into account the role of genes with small differences. Finally, ceRNA network analysis was used to explore the molecular mechanism of miRNAs and lncRNAs regulating ARF5 expression. Results ARFs family (ARF1, ARF3, ARF4, ARF5, ARF6) are generally highly expressed in Pan-cancer. ARF5 is significantly highly expressed in 29 cancers, and the high expression of ARF5 in HCC patients is significantly negatively correlated with OS, DFI, PFI and DSS, which may lead to cancer deterioration by participating in tumor immune infiltration of HCC. Through WGCNA analysis, the expression of ARF5 in HCC may be involved in many cellular processes that consume a lot of energy, such as ribosome formation, RNA and protein synthesis and lipids, as well as COVID-19, nonalcoholic fatty liver, neurodegenerative diseases and other disease pathways. Conclusion ARFs, especially ARF5, are overexpressed in many human tumors. This study shows for the first time that ARF5 is significantly correlated with the poor prognosis of HCC patients, which may play a role as an oncogene, suggesting that ARF5 has the potential as a biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Li
- Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinqiu Song
- Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ning Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xintao Jing
- Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hua Wen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peihan Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenzhu Yao
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Biomedical Experimental Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingxin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi, China
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Yang YP, Bai M, Cheng YX, Feng X, Zhang YY, Zhang YY, Liu MY, Duan YQ. Based on the prognosis model of immunogenes, the prognosis model was constructed to predict the invasion of immune genes and immune cells related to primary liver cancer and its experimental validation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27362. [PMID: 38560168 PMCID: PMC10980948 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Primary liver cancer (PLC) is a prevalent malignancy of the digestive system characterized by insidious symptom onset and a generally poor prognosis. Recent studies have highlighted a significant correlation between the initiation and prognosis of liver cancer and the immune function of PLC patients. Purpose Revealing the expression of PLC-related immune genes and the characteristics of immune cell infiltration provides assistance for the analysis of clinical pathological parameters and prognosis of PLC patients. Methods PLC-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with a median absolute deviation (MAD > 0.5) were identified from TCGA and GEO databases. These DEGs were intersected with immune-related genes (IRGs) from the ImmPort database to obtain PLC-related IRGs. The method of constructing a prognostic model through immune-related gene pairs (IRGPs) is used to obtain IRGPs and conduct the selection of central immune genes. The central immune genes obtained from the selection of IRGPs are validated in PLC. Subsequently, the relative proportions of 22 types of immune cells in different immune risk groups are evaluated, and the differential characteristics of PLC-related immune cells are verified through animal experiments. Results Through database screening and the construction of an IRGP prognosis model, 84 pairs of IRGPs (P < 0.001) were ultimately obtained. Analysis of these 84 IRGPs revealed 11 central immune genes related to PLC, showing differential expression in liver cancer tissues compared to normal liver tissues. Results from the CiberSort platform indicate differential expression of immune cells such as naive B cells, macrophages, and neutrophils in different immune risk groups. Animal experiments demonstrated altered immune cell proportions in H22 tumor-bearing mice, validating findings from peripheral blood and spleen homogenate analyses. Conclusion Our study successfully predicted and validated PLC-related IRGs and immune cells, suggesting their potential as prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets for PLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Yang
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Min Bai
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Yin-Xia Cheng
- Ningxia Medical University, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yinchuan, 750000, PR China
| | - Xin Feng
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Yan-Ying Zhang
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Meng-Ya Liu
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Yong-Qiang Duan
- Ningxia Medical University, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yinchuan, 750000, PR China
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Wang X, Hu JX, Wang Y, Wang F, Wu X, Wang F, Zhao YC, Wang XL, Zhang LL. Correlation Between Illness Uncertainty in Caregivers of Patients with Liver Cancer, Their Coping Styles, and Quality of Life. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:1541-1548. [PMID: 38623394 PMCID: PMC11016459 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s441626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study explores the correlation between coping style, quality of life, and illness uncertainty in the family caregivers of patients with liver cancer. Methods Employing convenience sampling, 210 family caregivers of patients with liver cancer who met the admission criteria were selected from a grade A infectious disease hospital in Beijing between January and December 2022. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, Caregiver Quality of Life, and the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale for Family Members. This study analysed the correlations between coping styles, quality of life, and illness uncertainty in these caregivers. Results The study found that family caregivers of patients with liver cancer had average scores for illness uncertainty (83.44 ± 11.86), coping style (33.19 ± 9.79; both positive [23.02 ± 6.81] and negative [10.17 ± 5.05]), and quality of life (169.53 ± 32.46). A negative association was observed between illness uncertainty in these caregivers and positive coping style (r = -0.207, p = 0.003), physical status (r = -0.182, p = 0.008), psychological status (r = -0.200, p = 0.004), and social adaptation (r = -0.229, p = 0.001). Conclusion The study concludes that illness uncertainty in family caregivers of patients with liver cancer is at a moderate level. Furthermore, there is a notable correlation between illness uncertainty, coping style, and quality of life in these caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Second Department of Hepatology Center for Liver Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Xian Hu
- Department of Nursing, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Second Department of Hepatology Center for Liver Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Second Department of Hepatology Center for Liver Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Second Department of Hepatology Center for Liver Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Second Department of Hepatology Center for Liver Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Chao Zhao
- Second Department of Hepatology Center for Liver Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lan Wang
- Department of Nursing, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
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Wang H, Wang W. Unlocking the future of hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: A comprehensive analysis of disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs for prognosis and drug screening. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20240919. [PMID: 38584823 PMCID: PMC10998672 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The disulfide stress-induced cell death known as disulfidptosis is characterized by the disintegration of cytoskeletal proteins and F-actin as a result of an excessive buildup of disulfides within the cell. The relationship between disulfidptosis-associated long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression is still not clearly understood. In this article, we aim to explore the crucial role of lncRNA in HCC. Methods We initially obtained lncRNA related to HCC and clinical data from TCGA. The genes associated with disulfidptosis were identified through co-expression analysis, Cox regression, and Lasso regression. Additionally, we established a prognostic model for verification. Results The risk model constructed with disulfidptosis-related lncRNA has been confirmed to be a good predictor of high and low-risk groups of HCC patients through survival curves, independent prognostic analysis, concordance index (C-index), ROC curves, and Kaplan-Meier plots. We also discovered differences in the response to immune targets and anticancer drugs between the two groups of patients, with GDC0810, Osimertinib, Paclitaxel, and YK-4-279 being more effective for patients in the high-risk group. Conclusion In conclusion, we have developed a risk model that can guide future efforts to diagnose and treat HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojun Wang
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100071, China
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Hsu CY, Mustafa MA, Kumar A, Pramanik A, Sharma R, Mohammed F, Jawad IA, Mohammed IJ, Alshahrani MY, Ali Khalil NAM, Shnishil AT, Abosaoda MK. Exploiting the immune system in hepatic tumor targeting: Unleashing the potential of drugs, natural products, and nanoparticles. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155266. [PMID: 38554489 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Hepatic tumors present a formidable challenge in cancer therapeutics, necessitating the exploration of novel treatment strategies. In recent years, targeting the immune system has attracted interest to augment existing therapeutic efficacy. The immune system in hepatic tumors includes numerous cells with diverse actions. CD8+ T lymphocytes, T helper 1 (Th1) CD4+ T lymphocytes, alternative M1 macrophages, and natural killer (NK) cells provide the antitumor immunity. However, Foxp3+ regulatory CD4+ T cells (Tregs), M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are the key immune inhibitor cells. Tumor stroma can also affect these interactions. Targeting these cells and their secreted molecules is intriguing for eliminating malignant cells. The current review provides a synopsis of the immune system components involved in hepatic tumor expansion and highlights the molecular and cellular pathways that can be targeted for therapeutic intervention. It also overviews the diverse range of drugs, natural products, immunotherapy drugs, and nanoparticles that have been investigated to manipulate immune responses and bolster antitumor immunity. The review also addresses the potential advantages and challenges associated with these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chou-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan City 71710, Taiwan
| | | | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560069, India; Department of Pharmacy, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Atreyi Pramanik
- Institute of Pharma Sciences and Research, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Rajiv Sharma
- Institute of Pharma Sciences and Research, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Faraj Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq
| | | | - Imad Jasim Mohammed
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Y Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | - Munther Kadhim Abosaoda
- College of technical engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
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Sato Y, Tadokoro T, Yamana H, Akai H, Takuma K, Fujita N, Nakahara M, Oura K, Fujita K, Tani J, Kamada H, Morishita A, Kobara H, Kagawa S, Haba R, Okano K, Masaki T. Hepatocellular carcinoma treated with radical resection after endoscopic diagnosis of the extent of bile duct invasion: A case report. DEN OPEN 2024; 4:e265. [PMID: 37416500 PMCID: PMC10320744 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma invasion of the bile duct is rare and has a poor prognosis. A 77-year-old man presented at the emergency department with persistent pain in the right hypochondrium. Blood tests and imaging studies revealed a 70-mm occupying lesion in the right lobe of the liver and dilated intrahepatic bile ducts. He was diagnosed with obstructive jaundice and cholangitis. Imaging studies showed an internal mass with poor contrast effects. A liver biopsy was performed to confirm the diagnosis and hepatocellular carcinoma was suspected. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic ultrasound, and peroral cholangioscopy were performed to determine the treatment strategy. The bile duct invasion did not extend to the porta hepatis; therefore, right hepatic lobectomy and radical resection were performed. Bile duct invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma is rare and often difficult to diagnose by computed tomography or conventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. However, endoscopic ultrasound and peroral cholangioscopy enable safe and accurate diagnosis of the extent of invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Tomoko Tadokoro
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Hiroki Yamana
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Hiraki Akai
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Kei Takuma
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Naoki Fujita
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Mai Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Kyoko Oura
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Koji Fujita
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Joji Tani
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Hideki Kamada
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Hideki Kobara
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Seiko Kagawa
- Department of PathologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Reiji Haba
- Department of PathologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Keiichi Okano
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Tsutomu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and NeurologyKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
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Gao Y, Gong Y, Lu J, Hao H, Shi X. Targeting YAP1 to improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in liver cancer: mechanism and strategy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1377722. [PMID: 38550587 PMCID: PMC10972981 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1377722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the third leading of tumor death, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are yielding much for sufferers to hope for patients, but only some patients with advanced liver tumor respond. Recent research showed that tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical for the effectiveness of ICIs in advanced liver tumor. Meanwhile, metabolic reprogramming of liver tumor leads to immunosuppression in TME. These suggest that regulating the abnormal metabolism of liver tumor cells and firing up TME to turn "cold tumor" into "hot tumor" are potential strategies to improve the therapeutic effect of ICIs in liver tumor. Previous studies have found that YAP1 is a potential target to improve the efficacy of anti-PD-1 in HCC. Here, we review that YAP1 promotes immunosuppression of TME, mainly due to the overstimulation of cytokines in TME by YAP1. Subsequently, we studied the effects of YAP1 on metabolic reprogramming in liver tumor cells, including glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, lipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. Lastly, we summarized the existing drugs targeting YAP1 in the treatment of liver tumor, including some medicines from natural sources, which have the potential to improve the efficacy of ICIs in the treatment of liver tumor. This review contributed to the application of targeted YAP1 for combined therapy with ICIs in liver tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Gao
- Laboratory of Integrated Medicine Tumor Immunology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yi Gong
- Laboratory of Integrated Medicine Tumor Immunology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junlan Lu
- Laboratory of Integrated Medicine Tumor Immunology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huiqin Hao
- Chinese Medicine Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
- Basic Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinli Shi
- Laboratory of Integrated Medicine Tumor Immunology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
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Wei H, Wu X, Huang L, Long C, Lu Q, Huang Z, Huang Y, Li W, Pu J. LncRNA MEG3 Reduces the Ratio of M2/M1 Macrophages Through the HuR/CCL5 Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:543-562. [PMID: 38496248 PMCID: PMC10943271 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s449090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Tumor-associated macrophages play a crucial role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between long coding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), RNA-binding protein human antigen R (HuR), and messenger RNA C-C motif chemokine 5 (CCL5) in the modulation of M1 and M2 macrophage polarization in HCC. Methods To induce M1 or M2 polarization, LPS/IFNγ- or IL4/IL13 were used to treat bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs). The localization of MEG3 in M1 and M2 macrophages was assessed using fluorescence in situ hybridization assay. Expression levels of MEG3, HuR, CCL5, M1, and M2 markers were measured by RT-qPCR or immunofluorescence staining. Flow cytometry was performed to determine the proportion of F4/80+CD206+ and F4/80+CD68+ cells. RNA pulldown assay was performed to detect the binding of lncRNA MEG3 and HuR. The impacts of HuR on CCL5 stability and activity of CCL5 promoter were evaluated using actinomycin D treatment and luciferase reporter assay. Cell migration, invasiveness, and angiogenesis were assessed using transwell migration and invasion assays and a tube formation assay. A mixture of Huh-7 cells and macrophages were injected into nude mice to explore the effect of MEG3 on tumorigenesis. Results MEG3 promoted M1-like polarization while dampening M2-like polarization of BMDMs. MEG3 bound to HuR in M1 and M2 macrophages. HuR downregulated CCL5 by inhibiting CCL5 transcription in macrophages. In addition, overexpression of MEG3 suppressed cell metastasis, invasion, and angiogenesis by obstructing macrophage M2 polarization. MEG3 inhibited tumorigenesis in HCC via promotion of M1-like polarization and inhibition of M2-like polarization. Rescue experiments showed that depletion of CCL5 in M2 macrophages reversed MEG3-induced suppressive effect on cell migration, invasion, and tube formation. Conclusion MEG3 suppresses HCC progression by promoting M1-like while inhibiting M2-like macrophage polarization via binding to HuR and thus upregulating CCL5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamei Wei
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianjian Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lizheng Huang
- Graduate College of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Long
- Graduate College of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Lu
- Graduate College of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Graduate College of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Huang
- Graduate College of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenchuan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Pu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Wu TH, Lin TY, Yang PM, Li WT, Yeh CT, Pan TL. Scutellaria baicalensis Induces Cell Apoptosis and Elicits Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition to Alleviate Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Modulating HSP90β. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3073. [PMID: 38474318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world and shows strong metastatic potential. Current medicine for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy is invalid, while Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi exhibits the pharmaceutical potential to treat liver diseases and liver cancer. Herein, we verified the inhibitory properties and the pivotal molecules regimented by Scutellaria baicalensis on advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. At first, the viability of SK-Hep-1 cells was significantly reduced under treatment of Scutellaria baicalensis extract in a dose-dependent manner without affecting the growth of normal hepatocyte. Scutellaria baicalensis extract application could remarkably cause apoptosis of SK-Hep-1 cells through p53/cytochrome C/poly-ADP ribose polymerase cascades and arrest the cell cycle at the G1/S phase by downregulating cyclin-dependent kinases. Meanwhile, administration of Scutellaria baicalensis extract remarkably attenuated the migration capability as well as suppressed matrix metalloproteinase activity of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The proteome profiles and network analysis particularly implied that exposure to Scutellaria baicalensis extract downregulated the expression of HSP90β, and the clinical stage of hepatocellular carcinoma is also positively correlated with the HSP90β level. Combined treatment of Scutellaria baicalensis extract and HSP90β siRNAs could markedly enhance the ubiquitination activity and the degradation of vimentin to subsequently inhibit the metastatic property of SK-Hep-1 cells. Moreover, application of Scutellaria baicalensis extract and HSP90β siRNAs depleted phosphorylation of AKT, which stimulated the expression of p53 and consecutively triggered cell apoptosis. These findings suggest that HSP90β may be a prospective target for the effective therapy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma via accelerating apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and eliciting mesenchymal-epithelial transition with the administration of Scutellaria baicalensis extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Ho Wu
- Surgical Critical Care Division of Cardiovascular Surgical Department, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yi Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ming Yang
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tai Li
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Long Pan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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21
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Hong Q, Ding S, Xing C, Mu Z. Advances in tumor immune microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A review of literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37387. [PMID: 38428879 PMCID: PMC10906580 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma is seen as principal malignancy of head and neck. Tumor immune microenvironment plays a vital role in the occurrence, development and treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The effect of immunotherapy, in particular, is closely related to tumor immune microenvironment. This review searched for high-quality literature included within PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus using the keywords "head and neck cancers," "tumor microenvironment" and "immunotherapy," with the view to summarizing the characteristics of HNSCC immune microenvironment and how various subsets of immune cells promote tumorigenesis. At the same time, based on the favorable prospects of immunotherapy having been shown currently, the study is committed to pinpointing the latest progress of HNSCC immunotherapy, which is of great significance in not only further guiding the diagnosis and treatment of HNSCC, but also conducting its prognostic judgement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Shun Ding
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Chengliang Xing
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhonglin Mu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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22
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Gulla A, Stulpinas R, Grigonyte A, Zilenaite-Petrulaitiene D, Rasmusson A, Laurinavicius A, Strupas K. Overall Survival Prediction by Tumor Microenvironment Lymphocyte Distribution in Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Liver Transplantation. J Surg Res 2024; 295:457-467. [PMID: 38070260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our previous research demonstrated that CD8+ cell density profiling using a hexagonal grid-based digital image analysis method provides predictors of patient outcomes after liver resection due to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Continuing our study, we have further investigated the applicability of the methodology to patients receiving a liver transplant for HCC. METHODS The retrospective study enrolled patients with HCC who underwent liver transplantation (LT) at the Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics between 2007 and 2020. We determined the density profiles of CD8+ lymphocytes at the interface between HCC and stroma and the interface between the perineoplastic liver parenchyma and stroma. Both digital image analysis and the hexagonal grid-based immunogradient method were applied to CD8+ immunohistochemistry images. Survival statistics based on clinicopathological, peripheral blood analysis, and surgical data determined the prognostic value of these indicators. RESULTS Univariate clinicopathological predictors of worse OS after LT included: patient's age at the time of the transplantation, a higher number of HCC nodules, lower platelet count, longer activated thromboplastin time, lower serum albumin, higher serum total bilirubin, and lower serum creatinine levels. The two independent predictors of overall survival were mean CD8+ cell density at the epithelial edge of the explanted liver parenchyma-stroma interface and peripheral blood platelet count. CONCLUSIONS Our model discloses that preoperative peripheral blood platelet count and mean CD8+ cell density at the epithelial edge of nonmalignant interface in the explanted liver parenchyma are independent predictors of OS for HCC after LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiste Gulla
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Rokas Stulpinas
- Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; National Center of Pathology, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Agne Grigonyte
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dovile Zilenaite-Petrulaitiene
- Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; National Center of Pathology, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Allan Rasmusson
- Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; National Center of Pathology, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arvydas Laurinavicius
- Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; National Center of Pathology, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kestutis Strupas
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Yu Z, Huang L, Guo J. Anti-stromal nanotherapeutics for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Control Release 2024; 367:500-514. [PMID: 38278367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most commonly diagnosed primary liver cancer, has become a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Accumulating evidence confirms that the stromal constituents within the tumor microenvironment (TME) exacerbate HCC malignancy and set the barriers to current anti-HCC treatments. Recent developments of nano drug delivery system (NDDS) have facilitated the application of stroma-targeting therapeutics, disrupting the stromal TME in HCC. This review discusses the stromal activities in HCC development and therapy resistance. In addition, it addresses the delivery challenges of NDDS for stroma-targeting therapeutics (termed anti-stromal nanotherapeutics in this review), and provides recent advances in anti-stromal nanotherapeutics for safe, effective, and specific HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Yu
- Department of Hepatopathy, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jianfeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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24
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Zheng J, Chen J, Wang S, Yang D, Zhou P. Genomic and immune landscape in hepatocellular carcinoma: Implications for personalized therapeutics. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:1601-1616. [PMID: 38009667 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a globally prevalent malignancy, marked by genetic heterogeneity and intricate tumor microenvironment interactions. In this study, we undertook a detailed single-cell analysis of six active HCC patients, highlighting strong correlations between gene expression levels and cellular characteristics. UMAP clustering revealed seven distinct cell categories with associated gene expressions. A divergence was observed in tumor cells into high and low cuproptosis groups, each associated with distinct pathways: oxidative stress for the high cuproptosis group and inflammatory and angiogenesis pathways for the low group. CellChat analysis on the TCGA-LIHC cohort displayed unique intercellular interactions among hepatocytes, T cells, and other cells, with pathways like COLLAGEN and VEGF being pivotal. Functional enrichment analyses exposed pathways enriched between cuproptosis groups, with KEGG emphasizing diseases like Parkinson's. COX survival analysis identified key prognostic genes, revealing distinct survival rates between risk groups in TCGA and GSE14520 cohorts. Mutation data highlighted missense mutations, with TTN, TP53, and CTNNB1 being the most mutated in HCC. Immune infiltration analysis via CIBERSORTx indicated differences between risk groups in NK cells, neutrophils, and other cells. Our drug sensitivity investigation showed significant correlations between model genes and drug responsiveness, emphasizing the importance of patient risk stratification for therapeutic approaches. Further, ATP6V1G1 was recognized in its role in apoptosis and migration in HCC cells. In conclusion, our findings illuminate the complexities of HCC progression, potential predictive genetic markers for drug response, and the pivotal role of ATP6V1G1, suggesting avenues for targeted therapeutic strategies in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyun Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center for Cancer Pathogenic Genes Testing and Diagnosis, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Junyan Chen
- The Third Clinical Department, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuchao Wang
- Center for Medical Research, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Taoyuan People's Hospital, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center for Cancer Pathogenic Genes Testing and Diagnosis, Hunan, Changsha, China
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25
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Suo L, Liang X, Zhang W, Gao M, Ma T, Hu D, Song Y, Gao Z. Potential prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma based on 4D label-free quantitative proteomics analysis pilot investigation. Int J Biol Markers 2024; 39:59-69. [PMID: 37956648 DOI: 10.1177/03936155231212925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma carries a poor prognosis and poses a serious threat to global health. Currently, there are few potential prognostic biomarkers available for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS This pilot study used 4D label-free quantitative proteomics to compare the proteomes of hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent non-tumor tissue. A total of 66,075 peptides, 6363 identified proteins, and 772 differentially expressed proteins were identified in specimens from three hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Through functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed proteins by Gene Ontology, KEGG pathway, and protein domain, we identified proteins with similar functions. RESULTS Twelve differentially expressed proteins (RPL17, RPL27, RPL27A, RPS5, RPS16, RSL1D1, DDX18, RRP12, TARS2, YARS2, MARS2, and NARS1) were selected for identification and validation by parallel reaction monitoring. Subsequent Western blotting confirmed overexpression of RPL27, RPS16, and TARS2 in hepatocellular carcinoma compared to non-tumor tissue in 16 pairs of clinical samples. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets associated the increased expression of these proteins with poor prognosis. Tissue microarray revealed a negative association between high expression of RPL27 and TARS2 and the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients, although RPS16 was not significant. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that RPL27 and TARS2 play an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma progression and may be potential prognostic biomarkers of overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Suo
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiangnan Liang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Weibin Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mingwei Gao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Taiheng Ma
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Daosheng Hu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yilin Song
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhenming Gao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Zhou T, Cao J, Tang Q, Jin J, Liang Y, Feng B. Exploring the role of NAA40 in immune infiltrates and prognostic prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 13:26-34. [PMID: 38496356 PMCID: PMC10944357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
NAA40 belongs to the N-terminal acetyltransferase (NATs) family, responsible for protein N-terminal modification, and it exerts crucial roles across various cancers. However, its impact on patient prognosis and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains elusive. To address this, our study delved into the comprehensive analysis of NAA40 in the context of cancer. Our pan-cancer analysis unveiled elevated NAA40 expression in multiple tumor types, including BLCA, BRCA, CHOL, COAD, ESCA, HNSC, LIHC, LUAD, LUSC, STAD, and THCA. Additionally, through a comprehensive examination across various cancer types within TCGA, we discovered that high NAA40 gene expression correlated with poor prognosis in HCC, pointing toward its role in promoting oncogenesis. Further investigation illuminated the association of increased NAA40 expression with T stage, pathologic stage, tumor status, and histologic grade. Interestingly, we noted a significant inverse correlation between NAA40 expression and the infiltration levels of immune cells, such as DC cells, neutrophils, NK cells, and T cells, in liver cancer. This observation underpins the hypothesis that NAA40 influences HCC development by modulating immune cell infiltration. Functional enrichment analysis provided valuable insights into the pathways influenced by NAA40. Enriched pathways encompassed oxidative phosphorylation, xenobiotic metabolism, bile acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, G2M checkpoint, and E2F targets. These findings collectively position NAA40 as a potential biomarker for prognostic prediction and monitoring the effects of immunotherapy in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhou
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingqin Tang
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jieyu Jin
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Liang
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Wei J, Wang J, Chen X, Zhang L, Peng M. Novel application of the ferroptosis-related genes risk model associated with disulfidptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis and immune infiltration. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16819. [PMID: 38317842 PMCID: PMC10840499 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as the prevailing manifestation of primary liver cancer and continues to pose a formidable challenge to human well-being and longevity, owing to its elevated incidence and mortality rates. Nevertheless, the quest for reliable predictive biomarkers for HCC remains ongoing. Recent research has demonstrated a close correlation between ferroptosis and disulfidptosis, two cellular processes, and cancer prognosis, suggesting their potential as predictive factors for HCC. In this study, we employed a combination of bioinformatics algorithms and machine learning techniques, leveraging RNA sequencing data, mutation profiles, and clinical data from HCC samples in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases, to develop a risk prognosis model based on genes associated with ferroptosis and disulfidptosis. We conducted an unsupervised clustering analysis, calculating a risk score (RS) to predict the prognosis of HCC using these genes. Clustering analysis revealed two distinct HCC clusters, each characterized by significantly different prognostic and immune features. The median RS stratified HCC samples in the TCGA, GEO, and ICGC cohorts into high-and low-risk groups. Importantly, RS emerged as an independent prognostic factor in all three cohorts, with the high-risk group demonstrating poorer prognosis and a more active immunosuppressive microenvironment. Additionally, the high-risk group exhibited higher expression levels of tumor mutation burden (TMB), immune checkpoints (ICs), and human leukocyte antigen (HLA), suggesting a heightened responsiveness to immunotherapy. A cancer stem cell infiltration analysis revealed a higher similarity between tumor cells and stem cells in the high-risk group. Furthermore, drug sensitivity analysis highlighted significant differences in response to antitumor drugs between the two risk groups. In summary, our risk prognostic model, constructed based on ferroptosis-related genes associated with disulfidptosis, effectively predicts HCC prognosis. These findings hold potential implications for patient stratification and clinical decision-making, offering valuable theoretical insights in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Wei
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Min Peng
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Cui JW, Li Y, Yang Y, Yang HK, Dong JM, Xiao ZH, He X, Guo JH, Wang RQ, Dai B, Zhou ZL. Tumor immunotherapy resistance: Revealing the mechanism of PD-1 / PD-L1-mediated tumor immune escape. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116203. [PMID: 38280330 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy, an innovative anti-cancer therapy, has showcased encouraging outcomes across diverse tumor types. Among these, the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway is a well-known immunological checkpoint, which is significant in the regulation of immune evasion by tumors. Nevertheless, a considerable number of patients develop resistance to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy, rendering it ineffective in the long run. This research focuses on exploring the factors of PD-1/PD-L1-mediated resistance in tumor immunotherapy. Initially, the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is characterized by its role in facilitating tumor immune evasion, emphasizing its role in autoimmune homeostasis. Next, the primary mechanisms of resistance to PD-1/PD-L1-based immunotherapy are analyzed, including tumor antigen deletion, T cell dysfunction, increased immunosuppressive cells, and alterations in the expression of PD-L1 within tumor cells. The possible ramifications of altered metabolism, microbiota, and DNA methylation on resistance is also described. Finally, possible resolution strategies for dealing with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy resistance are discussed, placing particular emphasis on personalized therapeutic approaches and the exploration of more potent immunotherapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wen Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology (MUST), China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China; College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
| | - Hai-Kui Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Jia-Mei Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Jia-Hao Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Qi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China.
| | - Bo Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan City 528200, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China.
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Xu K, Dai C, Yang J, Xu J, Xia C, Li J, Zhang C, Xu N, Wu T. Disulfidptosis-related lncRNA signatures assess immune microenvironment and drug sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma. Comput Biol Med 2024; 169:107930. [PMID: 38199215 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.107930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with a high mortality rate, where resistance to immunotherapy and chemotherapy plays a crucial role. A newly identified form of cell death called disulfidptosis shows promise, but its biological mechanism in HCC remains uncertain. In this study, a prognostic model was developed for Disulfidptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (DRLs) from 370 HCC patients sourced from TCGA-LIHC, utilizing five key features: AC026356.1, AC073254.1, PXN-AS1 expression, AC026412.3, and AC099066.2. High-risk HCC patients had lower survival, CD4+ T cell infiltration, and elevated immune checkpoint gene expression. Furthermore, based on the features of DRLs, HCC was classified into three subtypes. Notably, patients belonging to different subtypes demonstrated varying overall survival rates, immune cell infiltration patterns, and sensitivity to immune therapy. Moreover, the novel DRL AC026412.3 (HR = 40.207) emerged as the most significant prognostic factor, exhibiting high expression across all HCC cells. Elevated expression of AC026412.3 promoted HCC cell proliferation and induced resistance to gefitinib. In conclusion, we have discovered five DRLs and constructed a prognostic risk model. Our findings validate the correlation between DRL-related prognostic models, tumor subtypes, and the HCC immune microenvironment along with its implications for immunotherapy. Moreover, further investigation into the molecular mechanisms of key biomarkers like AC026412.3 in the future will contribute significantly to advancing our comprehension of HCC's pathogenesis and drug resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kequan Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China.
| | - Caixia Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China.
| | - Jialing Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211166, PR China.
| | - Jia Xu
- Wuhan Blood Center, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China.
| | - Chuqi Xia
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650106, PR China.
| | - Jinze Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, PR China.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650106, PR China.
| | - Ning Xu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650106, PR China.
| | - Tiangen Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China.
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Wang J, Liu C, Hu R, Wu L, Li C. Statin therapy: a potential adjuvant to immunotherapies in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1324140. [PMID: 38362156 PMCID: PMC10867224 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1324140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide and accounts for more than 90% of primary liver cancer. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related therapies combined with angiogenesis inhibition has revolutionized the treatment of HCC in late-stage and unresectable HCC, as ICIs alone were disappointing in treating HCC. In addition to the altered immune microenvironment, abnormal lipid metabolism in the liver has been extensively characterized in various types of HCC. Stains are known for their cholesterol-lowering properties and their long history of treating hypercholesterolemia and reducing cardiovascular disease risk. Apart from ICI and other conventional therapies, statins are frequently used by advanced HCC patients with dyslipidemia, which is often marked by the abnormal accumulation of cholesterol and fatty acids in the liver. Supported by a body of preclinical and clinical studies, statins may unexpectedly enhance the efficacy of ICI therapy in HCC patients through the regulation of inflammatory responses and the immune microenvironment. This review discusses the abnormal changes in lipid metabolism in HCC, summarizes the clinical evidence and benefits of stain use in HCC, and prospects the possible mechanistic actions of statins in transforming the immune microenvironment in HCC when combined with immunotherapies. Consequently, the use of statin therapy may emerge as a novel and valuable adjuvant for immunotherapies in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ronghua Hu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Licheng Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Chuanzhou Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Huynh JC, Cho M, Monjazeb A, Al-Obeidi E, Singh A, Tam K, Lara F, Martinez A, Garcia L, Kim EJ. Phase I/II trial of BMS-986,205 and nivolumab as first line therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Invest New Drugs 2024; 42:35-43. [PMID: 38038862 PMCID: PMC10891185 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-023-01416-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) helps orchestrate immune suppression and checkpoint inhibitor resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). BMS-986,205 is a novel oral drug that potently and selectively inhibits IDO. This Phase I/II study evaluated the safety and tolerability of BMS-986,205 in combination with nivolumab as first-line therapy in advanced HCC. METHODS Adults with untreated, unresectable/metastatic HCC received BMS-986,205 at two dose levels (50-100 mg orally daily) in combination with fixed dose nivolumab (240mg/m2 IV on Day 1 of each 14-day cycle). The primary objective was to determine the safety and tolerability of this combination; secondary objectives were to obtain preliminary efficacy. RESULTS Eight patients received a total of 91 treatment cycles in the dose escalation phase. All patients were Child Pugh A and 6 patients had underlying viral hepatitis. In the 6 evaluable patients, no dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed. The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) elevation (3 patients) and diarrhea, maculopapular rash and increased alkaline phosphatase (2 patients each). Grade 3 events were diarrhea and AST elevation (1 patient), and hyperglycemia and pancreatitis requiring treatment discontinuation (1 patient). No grade 4-5 events occurred. Partial response was observed in 1 patient (12.5%) and stable disease in 3 patients (37.5%), yielding a disease control rate of 50%. Median PFS was 8.5 weeks; median OS was not reached. CONCLUSION Combination BMS-986,205 and nivolumab showed a manageable safety profile with durable benefit as first-line therapy in a meaningful subset of advanced HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine C Huynh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - May Cho
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Irvine Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Arta Monjazeb
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Ebaa Al-Obeidi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Amisha Singh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Kit Tam
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Frances Lara
- Office of Clinical Research, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Anthony Martinez
- Office of Clinical Research, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Leslie Garcia
- Office of Clinical Research, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Edward J Kim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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Wang R, Huang S, Wang P, Shi X, Li S, Ye Y, Zhang W, Shi L, Zhou X, Tang X. Global trends and hotspots in the field of mitochondrial dynamics and hepatocellular carcinoma: A bibliometric analysis from 2007 to 2023. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24407. [PMID: 38293381 PMCID: PMC10826148 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria are dynamic organelles, and mitochondrial dynamics are important for the maintenance of mitochondrial inheritance and function. Recently, an increasing number of studies have shown that mitochondrial dynamics play an important role in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, bibliometric analyses of mitochondrial dynamics in HCC are scarce. Therefore, we conducted a bibliometric analysis to explore the current global research status and trends in mitochondrial dynamics and HCC. Methods Global publications on mitochondrial dynamics and HCC published between 2007 and May 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Bibliometric analysis was performed using Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace to analyze the numbers, citations, countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords. Results A total of 518 publications were retrieved fromthe WoSCC database. China and The Fourth Military Medical University were the most productive countries and institutions. Zorzano, A published the most literature whereas Chen, HC was the author with the highest number of co-citations. Plos One was the most popular journal, whereas the Journal of Biological Chemistry had the highest number of co-citations. The most frequently used keyword was "mitochondria". Further analysis of the references and keywords showed that the molecular mechanisms linking them to drug therapy targets should be the focus of future studies. Conclusions Research on mitochondrial dynamics in HCC has received much attention, and many studies have been published. However, research on mitochondrial dynamics and HCC has been limited by insufficient regional development imbalances and global cooperation. Nevertheless, future research on mitochondrial dynamics and HCC is promising, especially regarding the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial fission and fusion and how to link the currently known molecular mechanisms with drug therapy targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui County People’ Hospital, Huaian, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui People’ Hospital of Kangda College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Yusong Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Xian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
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Guo Y, Wu W, Sun B, Guo T, Si K, Zheng C, Li X. Prognostic value of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing transarterial chemoembolization and tyrosine kinase inhibitors plus immune checkpoints inhibitors. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1293680. [PMID: 38322419 PMCID: PMC10844468 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1293680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the prognostic value of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and tailored tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) plus immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs). Materials and methods Ninety-eight patients from May 2018 to January 2022 in our hospital were enrolled in this study. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed and the corresponding Youden index was used to determine the optimal PLR cut-off. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse events (AEs) of patients were evaluated based on the PLR cut-off. The factors affecting survival were assessed using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. Results The PLR cut-off was 98.89. There were 49 patients in the low pretreatment PLR group (PLR ≤ 98.89) and 49 patients in the high PLR group (PLR > 98.89). Patients with low pretreatment PLR had significantly longer median OS (25.7 months vs 16.1 months; P < 0.001) and PFS (14.9 months vs 10.2 months; P < 0.001) than those with high pretreatment PLR. The multivariate analysis revealed that ALT, tumor size, and PLR are risk factors affecting OS. The three independent factors affecting PFS are tumor size, AFP, and PLR. The AEs were tolerable and manageable. Conclusion The low pretreatment PLR (PLR ≤ 98.89) was an independent protective factor for the survival outcomes of patients in this study. PLR was helpful for clinicians to predict the prognosis and identify the patients with uHCC who were most likely to benefit from TACE + TKIs + ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwan Guo
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenlong Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Keke Si
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuansheng Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Li J, Xi J. Exploring Immune-Related Gene Profiling and Infiltration of Immune Cells in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:121. [PMID: 38275602 PMCID: PMC10815177 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a widespread malignancy among women, leading to a substantial global health impact. Despite extensive research, our understanding of the basic molecules and pathogenic processes of cervical squamous cell carcinoma is still insufficient. This investigation aims to uncover immune-related genes linked to CESC and delineate their functions. Leveraging data from the GEO and ImmPort databases, a total of 22 immune-related genes were identified. Multiple tools, including DAVID, the human protein atlas, STRING, GeneMANIA, and TCGA, were employed to delve into the expression and roles of these immune genes in CESC, alongside their connections to the disease's pathological features. Through RT-PCR, the study confirmed notable disparities in CXCL8 and CXCL10 mRNA expression between CESC and normal cervical tissue. The TCGA dataset's immune-related information reinforced the association of CXCL8 and CXCL10 with immune infiltration in CESC. This research sheds light on the potential of CXCL8 and CXCL10 as promising therapeutic targets and essential prognostic factors for individuals diagnosed with CESC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Li
- School of Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225012, China;
| | - Juqun Xi
- School of Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225012, China;
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Xu N, Wu J, Wang W, Sun S, Sun M, Bian Y, Zhang H, Liu S, Yu G. Anti-tumor therapy of glycyrrhetinic acid targeted liposome co-delivery of doxorubicin and berberine for hepatocellular carcinoma. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-023-01512-7. [PMID: 38236508 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01512-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
During the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), hepatic stellate cells undergo activation and transform into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) due to the influence of tumor cells. The interaction between CAFs and tumor cells can compromise the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs and promote tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. This study explores the potential of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA)-modified liposomes (lip-GA) as a strategy for co-delivery of berberine (Ber) and doxorubicin (Dox) to treat HCC. The characterizations of liposomes, including particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, stability and in vitro drug release, were investigated. The study evaluated the anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects of Dox&Ber@lip-GA on the Huh-7 + LX-2 cell model were through MTT and wound-healing assays. Additionally, the in vivo drug distribution and anti-tumor efficacy were investigated using the H22 + NIH-3T3-bearing mouse model. The results indicated that Dox&Ber@lip-GA exhibited a nanoscale particle size, accumulated specifically in the tumor region, and was efficiently taken up by tumor cells. Compared to other groups, Dox&Ber@lip-GA demonstrated higher cytotoxicity and lower migration rates. Additionally, it significantly reduced the deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and inhibited tumor angiogenesis, thereby suppressing tumor growth. In conclusion, Dox&Ber@lip-GA exhibited superior anti-tumor effects both in vitro and in vivo, highlighting its potential as an effective therapeutic strategy for combating HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medicine University, Weifang, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College: Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Jingliang Wu
- School of Nursing, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, China.
| | - Weihao Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medicine University, Weifang, China
| | - Shujie Sun
- School of Nursing, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, China
| | - Mengmeng Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medicine University, Weifang, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College: Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Yandong Bian
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medicine University, Weifang, China
| | - Huien Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medicine University, Weifang, China
| | - Shuzhen Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medicine University, Weifang, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College: Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Guohua Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medicine University, Weifang, China.
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College: Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China.
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Ge J, Chen J, Shen Q, Zheng X, Chen X, Shi L, Chen L, Xu B. Comprehensive Analysis of the Immunosuppressive Function of Regulatory T Cells in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tissues. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241251580. [PMID: 38712609 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241251580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-based therapies are commonly employed to combat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the presence of immune-regulating elements, especially regulatory T cells (Tregs), can dramatically impact the treatment efficacy. A deeper examination of the immune-regulation mechanisms linked to these inhibitory factors and their impact on HCC patient outcomes is warranted. METHODS We employed multicolor fluorescence immunohistochemistry (mIHC) to stain Foxp3, cytokeratin, and nuclei on an HCC tissue microarray (TMA). Leveraging liver cancer transcriptome data from TCGA, we built a prognostic model focused on Treg-associated gene sets and represented it with a nomogram. We then sourced liver cancer single-cell RNA sequencing data (GSE140228) from the GEO database, selectively focusing on Treg subsets, and conducted further analyses, including cell-to-cell communication and pseudo-time trajectory examination. RESULTS Our mIHC results revealed a more substantial presence of Foxp3+Tregs in HCC samples than in adjacent normal tissue samples (P < .001). An increased presence of Foxp3+Tregs in HCC samples correlated with unfavorable patient outcomes (HR = 1.722, 95% CI:1.023-2.899, P = .041). The multi-factorial prognosis model we built from TCGA liver cancer data highlighted Tregs as a standalone risk determinant for predicting outcomes (HR = 3.84, 95% CI:2.52-5.83, P < .001). Re-analyzing the scRNA-seq dataset (GSE140228) showcased distinctive gene expression patterns in Tregs from varying tissues. Interactions between Tregs and other CD4+T cell types were predominantly governed by the CXCL13/CXCR3 signaling pathway. Communication pathways between Tregs and macrophages primarily involved MIF-CD74/CXCR4, LGALS9/CD45, and PTPRC/MRC1. Additionally, macrophages could influence Tregs via HLA-class II and CD4 interactions. CONCLUSION An elevated presence of Tregs in HCC samples correlated with negative patient outcomes. Elucidating the interplay between Tregs and other immune cells in HCC could provide insights into the modulatory role of Tregs within HCC tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Ge
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Junjun Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Qiong Shen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xuemin Chen
- Radiological Intervention Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Liangrong Shi
- Radiological Intervention Center, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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Tavakoli Pirzaman A, Alishah A, Babajani B, Ebrahimi P, Sheikhi SA, Moosaei F, Salarfar A, Doostmohamadian S, Kazemi S. The Role of microRNAs in Hepatocellular Cancer: A Narrative Review Focused on Tumor Microenvironment and Drug Resistance. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241239188. [PMID: 38634139 PMCID: PMC11025440 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241239188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, hepatic cancer ranks fourth in terms of cancer-related mortality and is the sixth most frequent kind of cancer. Around 80% of liver cancers are hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), which are the leading cause of cancer death. It is well known that HCC may develop resistance to the available chemotherapy treatments very fast. One of the biggest obstacles in providing cancer patients with appropriate care is drug resistance. According to reports, more than 90% of cancer-specific fatalities are caused by treatment resistance. By binding to the 3'-untranslated region of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), a group of noncoding RNAs which are around 17 to 25 nucleotides long, regulate target gene expression. Moreover, they play role in the control of signaling pathways, cell proliferation, and cell death. As a result, miRNAs play an important role in the microenvironment of HCC by changing immune phenotypes, hypoxic conditions, and acidification, as well as angiogenesis and extracellular matrix components. Moreover, changes in miRNA levels in HCC can effectively resist cancer cells to chemotherapy by affecting various cellular processes such as autophagy, apoptosis, and membrane transporter activity. In the current work, we narratively reviewed the role of miRNAs in HCC, with a special focus on tumor microenvironment and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Alishah
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Bahareh Babajani
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Pouyan Ebrahimi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Sheikhi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farhad Moosaei
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | | | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Lu S, Zhang C, Wang J, Zhao L, Li G. Research progress in nano-drug delivery systems based on the characteristics of the liver cancer microenvironment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116059. [PMID: 38154273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver cancer has microenvironmental features such as low pH, M2 tumor-associated macrophage enrichment, low oxygen, rich blood supply and susceptibility to hematotropic metastasis, high chemokine expression, enzyme overexpression, high redox level, and strong immunosuppression, which not only promotes the progression of the disease, but also seriously affects the clinical effectiveness of traditional therapeutic approaches. However, nanotechnology, due to its unique advantages of size effect and functionalized modifiability, can be utilized to develop various responsive nano-drug delivery system (NDDS) by using these characteristic signals of the liver cancer microenvironment as a source of stimulation, which in turn can realize the intelligent release of the drug under the specific microenvironment, and significantly increase the concentration of the drug at the target site. Therefore, researchers have designed a series of stimuli-responsive NDDS based on the characteristics of the liver cancer microenvironment, such as hypoxia, weak acidity, and abnormal expression of proteases, and they have been widely investigated for improving anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy and reducing the related side effects. This paper provides a review of the current application and progress of NDDS developed based on the response and regulation of the microenvironment in the treatment of liver cancer, compares the effects of the microenvironment and the NDDS, and provides a reference for building more advanced NDDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Lu
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Pharmacy, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Chenxiao Zhang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Pharmacy, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jinglong Wang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Pharmacy, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Limei Zhao
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Pharmacy, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Guofei Li
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Pharmacy, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, China.
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Ma Y, Qi Y, Zhou Z, Yan Y, Chang J, Zhu X, Han J, Wu H, Tao Y, Fan F. Shenqi Fuzheng injection modulates tumor fatty acid metabolism to downregulate MDSCs infiltration, enhancing PD-L1 antibody inhibition of intracranial growth in Melanoma. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155171. [PMID: 37925891 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addressing brain metastases in cancer presents substantial challenges due to limited therapeutic options and high mortality rates. In clinical practice, the amalgamation of traditional Chinese medicine with other treatment modalities has exhibited noteworthy efficacy in managing disease progression and enhancing quality of life. OBJECTIVE To substantiate the regulatory effects of Shenqi Fuzheng Injection (SFI) on the microenvironment of melanoma brain metastases and appraise whether SFI augments the anti-tumour effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors, with a specific focus on investigating the mechanisms underlying SFI's actions. METHODS Initially, we established a B16-F10 brain transplant tumour model in C57BL/6 mice using a stereotaxic apparatus. The efficacy of the drug was evaluated through in vivo imaging technology, HE staining, and immunofluorescence. Mass Cytometry (CyTOF) and flow cytometry were employed to analyse the impact of SFI on immune cell subpopulations in the tumour microenvironment. Subsequently, transcriptome sequencing and metabolomics were utilised to examine the effects of SFI on melanoma-related genes and metabolism. Molecular docking, Western Blot, and ELISA assays were conducted to investigate the targets of SFI in intervening in melanoma fatty acid metabolism. Finally, the anti-tumour effects of SFI in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors were scrutinised in the brain transplant tumour model. RESULTS The pharmacological findings demonstrated that SFI inhibits the growth of melanoma brain transplant tumours in a dose-dependent manner. CyTOF, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence results revealed that SFI significantly diminishes the levels of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) and Regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumour microenvironment while enhancing the levels of CD8+T and CD4+ T cells. Subsequently, transcriptomic and metabolomic findings, both in vitro and in vivo, indicate that SFI significantly inhibits the arachidonic acid metabolism process in melanoma cells. Molecular docking and biological experiments showed that SFI inhibits the expression of D6D and the activity of COX-2, leading to a reduction in downstream PGE2 production. Lastly, SFI significantly enhances the anti-tumour effects of PD-L1 antibody against intracranial melanoma. CONCLUSION SFI improves the tumour immune microenvironment in melanoma by intervening in fatty acid metabolism, thereby reducing levels of MDSCs and Tregs while increasing levels of CD8+ T and CD4+ T cells. Ultimately, this augmentation leads to enhanced anti-tumour effects of the immune checkpoint inhibitor PD-L1 antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Yanan Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Zhihua Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Jingwen Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Xinyi Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Jingjing Han
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Hongyan Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Technology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, 283 South Jiefang Road, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, China.
| | - Yu Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China.
| | - Fangtian Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China.
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Lin T, Guo X, Du Q, Liu W, Zhong X, Wang S, Cao L. MicroRNA let-7c-5p Alleviates in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Targeting Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2: A Study Intersecting Bioinformatic Analysis and Validated Experiments. Crit Rev Immunol 2024; 44:23-39. [PMID: 38505919 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2024051519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2)gene has a prognostic role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to identify the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) let-7c-5p by targeting EZH2 in HCC. We downloaded gene and miRNA RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differences in EZH2 expression between different groups were analyzed and the association of EZH2 expression with HCC prognosis was detected using Cox regression analysis. The miRNA-EZH2-pathway network was constructed. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to detect the hsa-let-7c-5p-EZH2. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were detected by CCK-8, Wound healing, Transwell, and Flow cytometry, respectively. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of let-7c-5p and EZH2. EZH2 was upregulated in HCC tumors (P < 0.0001). Cox regression analysis showed that TCGA HCC patients with high EZH2 expression levels showed a short survival time [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.677, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.316-2.137; P < 0.0001]. Seven miRNAs were negatively correlated with EZH2 expression and were significantly downregulated in HCC tumor samples (P < 0.0001), in which hsa-let-7c-5p was associated with prognosis in HCC (HR = 0.849 95% CI 0.739-0.975; P = 0.021). We identified 14 immune cells that showed significant differences in EZH2 high- and low-expression groups. Additionally, let-7c-5p inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and reversed the promoted effects of EZH2 on HCC cell malignant characteristics. hsa-let-7c-5p-EZH2 significantly suppressed HCC malignant characteristics, which can be used for HCC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Lin
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Xinli Guo
- Department of Operating Room, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of General Surgery, The 903rd Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Suihan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Liping Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
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Hu Y, Liu Y, Zong L, Zhang W, Liu R, Xing Q, Liu Z, Yan Q, Li W, Lei H, Liu X. The multifaceted roles of GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in cancer: therapeutic strategies and persisting obstacles. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:836. [PMID: 38104141 PMCID: PMC10725489 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a novel regulated cell death (RCD) mode associated with inflammation and innate immunity. Gasdermin E (GSDME), a crucial component of the gasdermin (GSDM) family proteins, has the ability to convert caspase-3-mediated apoptosis to pyroptosis of cancer cells and activate anti-tumor immunity. Accumulating evidence indicates that GSDME methylation holds tremendous potential as a biomarker for early detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of tumors. In fact, GSDME-mediated pyroptosis performs a dual role in anti-tumor therapy. On the one side, pyroptotic cell death in tumors caused by GSDME contributes to inflammatory cytokines release, which transform the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) from a 'cold' to a 'hot' state and significantly improve anti-tumor immunotherapy. However, due to GSDME is expressed in nearly all body tissues and immune cells, it can exacerbate chemotherapy toxicity and partially block immune response. How to achieve a balance between the two sides is a crucial research topic. Meanwhile, the potential functions of GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) therapy, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells) therapy have not yet been fully understood, and how to improve clinical outcomes persists obscure. In this review, we systematically summarize the latest research regarding the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis and discuss the role of GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in anti-tumor immunity and its potential applications in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Hu
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
- Honghao Zhou Research Institute, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Lijuan Zong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Wenyou Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Renzhu Liu
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
- Honghao Zhou Research Institute, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Qichang Xing
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
- Honghao Zhou Research Institute, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
- Honghao Zhou Research Institute, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Qingzi Yan
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
- Honghao Zhou Research Institute, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Wencan Li
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
- Honghao Zhou Research Institute, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Haibo Lei
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China.
- Honghao Zhou Research Institute, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China.
| | - Xiang Liu
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China.
- Honghao Zhou Research Institute, Xiangtan Center Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China.
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Yi S, Zhang C, Li M, Qu T, Wang J. Machine learning and experiments identifies SPINK1 as a candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:231. [PMID: 38093163 PMCID: PMC10719188 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00849-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Machine learning techniques have been widely used in predicting disease prognosis, including cancer prognosis. One of the major challenges in cancer prognosis is to accurately classify cancer types and stages to optimize early screening and detection, and machine learning techniques have proven to be very useful in this regard. In this study, we aimed at identifying critical genes for diagnosis and outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients using machine learning. The HCC expression dataset was downloaded from GSE65372 datasets and TCGA datasets. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between 39 HCC and 15 normal samples. For the purpose of locating potential biomarkers, the LASSO and the SVM-RFE assays were performed. The ssGSEA method was used to analyze the TCGA to determine whether there was an association between SPINK1 and tumor immune infiltrates. RT-PCR was applied to examine the expression of SPINK1 in HCC specimens and cells. A series of functional assays were applied to examine the function of SPINK1 knockdown on the proliferation of HCC cells. In this study, 103 DEGs were obtained. Based on LASSO and SVM-RFE analysis, we identified nine critical diagnostic genes, including C10orf113, SPINK1, CNTLN, NRG3, HIST1H2AI, GPRIN3, SCTR, C2orf40 and PITX1. Importantly, we confirmed SPINK1 as a prognostic gene in HCC. Multivariate analysis confirmed that SPINK1 was an independent prognostic factor for overall survivals of HCC patients. We also found that SPINK1 level was positively associated with Macrophages, B cells, TFH, T cells, Th2 cells, iDC, NK CD56bright cells, Th1 cells, aDC, while negatively associated with Tcm and Eosinophils. Finally, we demonstrated that SPINK1 expression was distinctly increased in HCC specimens and cells. Functionally, silence of SPINK1 distinctly suppressed the proliferation of HCC cells via regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The evidence provided suggested that SPINK1 may possess oncogenic properties by inducing dysregulated immune infiltration in HCC. Additionally, SPINK1 was identified as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Yi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anus Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Tianyi Qu
- Emergency Department, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, China.
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Cuesta ÁM, Palao N, Bragado P, Gutierrez-Uzquiza A, Herrera B, Sánchez A, Porras A. New and Old Key Players in Liver Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17152. [PMID: 38138981 PMCID: PMC10742790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer represents a major health problem worldwide with growing incidence and high mortality, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) being the most frequent. Hepatocytes are likely the cellular origin of most HCCs through the accumulation of genetic alterations, although hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) might also be candidates in specific cases, as discussed here. HCC usually develops in a context of chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, although the role of fibrosis is controversial. The interplay between hepatocytes, immune cells and hepatic stellate cells is a key issue. This review summarizes critical aspects of the liver tumor microenvironment paying special attention to platelets as new key players, which exert both pro- and anti-tumor effects, determined by specific contexts and a tight regulation of platelet signaling. Additionally, the relevance of specific signaling pathways, mainly HGF/MET, EGFR and TGF-β is discussed. HGF and TGF-β are produced by different liver cells and platelets and regulate not only tumor cell fate but also HPCs, inflammation and fibrosis, these being key players in these processes. The role of C3G/RAPGEF1, required for the proper function of HGF/MET signaling in HCC and HPCs, is highlighted, due to its ability to promote HCC growth and, regulate HPC fate and platelet-mediated actions on liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel M. Cuesta
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.M.C.); (N.P.); (P.B.); (A.G.-U.); (B.H.); (A.S.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Palao
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.M.C.); (N.P.); (P.B.); (A.G.-U.); (B.H.); (A.S.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Bragado
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.M.C.); (N.P.); (P.B.); (A.G.-U.); (B.H.); (A.S.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro Gutierrez-Uzquiza
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.M.C.); (N.P.); (P.B.); (A.G.-U.); (B.H.); (A.S.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Herrera
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.M.C.); (N.P.); (P.B.); (A.G.-U.); (B.H.); (A.S.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD-ISCIII), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aránzazu Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.M.C.); (N.P.); (P.B.); (A.G.-U.); (B.H.); (A.S.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD-ISCIII), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Porras
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.M.C.); (N.P.); (P.B.); (A.G.-U.); (B.H.); (A.S.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Wu D, Li Y. Application of adoptive cell therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunology 2023; 170:453-469. [PMID: 37435926 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a global health challenge. Novel treatment modalities are urgently needed to extend the overall survival of patients. The liver plays an immunomodulatory function due to its unique physiological structural characteristics. Therefore, following surgical resection and radiotherapy, immunotherapy regimens have shown great potential in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Adoptive cell immunotherapy is rapidly developing in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, we summarize the latest research on adoptive immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. The focus is on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells and T cell receptor (TCR) engineered T cells. Then tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), natural killer (NK) cells, cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells, and macrophages are briefly discussed. The main overview of the application and challenges of adoptive immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. It aims to provide the reader with a comprehensive understanding of the current status of HCC adoptive immunotherapy and offers some strategies. We hope to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengqiang Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo No. 6 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Clinical Laboratory of Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, Ningbo, China
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Cheng M, Zheng X, Wei J, Liu M. Current state and challenges of emerging biomarkers for immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:586. [PMID: 38023367 PMCID: PMC10665984 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer. According to the American Cancer Society, among patients diagnosed with advanced liver cancer, HCC has the sixth-highest incident rate, resulting in a poor prognosis. Surgery, radiofrequency ablation, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, radiation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy are the current treatment options available. Immunotherapy, which has emerged as an innovative treatment strategy over the past decade, is serving a vital role in the treatment of advanced liver cancer. Since only a small number of individuals can benefit from immunotherapy, biomarkers are required to help clinicians identify the target populations for this precision medicine. These biomarkers, such as PD-1/PD-L1, tumor mutational burden and circulating tumor DNA, can be used to investigate interactions between immune checkpoint inhibitors and tumors. The present review summarizes information on the currently available biomarkers used for immunotherapy and the challenges that are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiufeng Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Yang D, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Su Y, Shen J, Yu B, Zhao K, Ding Y. Comprehensive analysis of scRNA-Seq and bulk RNA-Seq data reveals dynamic changes in tumor-associated neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma and leads to the establishment of a neutrophil-related prognostic model. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:4323-4335. [PMID: 38006433 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03567-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) single-cell sequencing data was conducted to explore the role of tumor-associated neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment. METHODS Analysis of single-cell sequencing data from 12 HCC tumor cores and five HCC paracancerous tissues identified cellular subpopulations and cellular marker genes. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were used to establish and validate prognostic models. xCELL, TIMER, QUANTISEQ, CIBERSORT, and CIBERSORT-abs analyses were performed to explore immune cell infiltration. Finally, the pattern of tumor-associated neutrophil roles in tumor microenvironmental components was explored. RESULTS A total of 271 marker genes for tumor-associated neutrophils were identified based on single-cell sequencing data. Prognostic models incorporating eight genes were established based on TCGA data. Immune cell infiltration differed between the high- and low-risk groups. The low-risk group benefited more from immunotherapy. Single-cell analysis indicated that tumor-associated neutrophils were able to influence macrophage, NK cell, and T-cell functions through the IL16, IFN-II, and SPP1 signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Tumor-associated neutrophils regulate immune functions by influencing macrophages and NK cells. Models incorporating tumor-associated neutrophil-related genes can be used to predict patient prognosis and immunotherapy responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dashuai Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yanbing Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yang Su
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College in Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Kailiang Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Youming Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Liu W, Zhang F, Quan B, Yao F, Chen R, Ren Z, Yin X. NLRP3/IL-1β induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells recruitment and PD-L1 upregulation promotes oxaliplatin resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e447. [PMID: 38116060 PMCID: PMC10728756 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin is commonly used as the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, the acquired resistance, limits the effectiveness of oxaliplatin and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Therefore, we explored the role of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)/IL-1β in mediating oxaliplatin resistance in HCC. We observed that NLRP3/IL-1β expression was much higher in oxaliplatin-resistant HCC cells. To further understand its impact on drug resistance, we knocked down NLRP3 and observed that it sensitized HCC cells to the growth-inhibitory effects of oxaliplatin and induced cell apoptosis. NLRP3/IL-1β overexpressing tumor cells also attracted polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Using mouse models, we demonstrated that NLRP3/IL-1β inhibition by short hairpin RNA or MCC950 effectively overcame oxaliplatin resistance. Furthermore, NLRP3/IL-1β inhibition resulted in reduced expression of PD-L1. We also found that PD-L1 antibody combined with NLRP3/IL-1β blockade displayed significant antitumor effect in HCC. Overall, our study provides compelling evidence supporting the essential role of NLRP3/IL-1β in conferring resistance to oxaliplatin and reshaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment in HCC. Targeting NLRP3/IL-1β presents a potential therapeutic target for overcoming oxaliplatin resistance and reshaping microenvironment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Liu
- Department of Hepatic Oncology, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineZhongshan hospital, Fudan universityShanghaiChina
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Oncology, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineZhongshan hospital, Fudan universityShanghaiChina
| | - Bing Quan
- Department of Hepatic Oncology, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineZhongshan hospital, Fudan universityShanghaiChina
| | - Fan Yao
- Department of Hepatic Oncology, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineZhongshan hospital, Fudan universityShanghaiChina
| | - Rongxin Chen
- Department of Hepatic Oncology, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineZhongshan hospital, Fudan universityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhenggang Ren
- Department of Hepatic Oncology, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineZhongshan hospital, Fudan universityShanghaiChina
| | - Xin Yin
- Department of Hepatic Oncology, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineZhongshan hospital, Fudan universityShanghaiChina
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48
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Ali W, Xiao W, Hoang H, Cali V, Kajdacsy-Balla A. Carcinogenesis and Prognostic Utility of Arginine Methylation-Related Genes in Hepatocellular Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9422-9430. [PMID: 38132437 PMCID: PMC10742294 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45120591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methylation is among the most important post-translational modifications and has been studied in cancers such as those of the lung and breast. However, comparatively less has been investigated regarding hepatocellular carcinoma, with an annual incidence of almost one million cases. Through using in silico methods, this study examined arginine methylation-related gene expression and methylation levels, and alongside network and enrichment analysis attempted to find how said genes can drive tumorigenesis and offer possible therapeutic targets. We found a robust relationship among the selected methylation genes, with ⅞ showing prognostic value regarding overall survival, and a medley of non-arginine methylation pathways also being highlighted through the aforementioned analysis. This study furthers our knowledge of the methylation and expression patterns of arginine histone methylation-related genes, offering jumping points for further wet-lab studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Ali
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (W.A.); (W.X.); (H.H.); (V.C.)
| | - Weirui Xiao
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (W.A.); (W.X.); (H.H.); (V.C.)
| | - Henry Hoang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (W.A.); (W.X.); (H.H.); (V.C.)
| | - Vincent Cali
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (W.A.); (W.X.); (H.H.); (V.C.)
| | - Andre Kajdacsy-Balla
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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苏 莉, 梁 晚, 吕 振, 韩 啸. [PLXNA1 is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and affects patients' survival and immune microenvironment]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:1909-1918. [PMID: 38081609 PMCID: PMC10713469 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.11.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate PLXNA1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explore its biological function and impacts on patients' survival outcomes and immune microenvironment. METHODS Bioinformatic analysis of highly expressed immune-related genes in HCC were performed using TCGA database and Immport website, and 7 genes associated with the survival outcomes of the patients were identified using univariate Cox regression analysis, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, and Kaplan Meier plotter website. The expression profile of PLXNA1 in HCC was verified using GEO database. The impact of PLXNA1 expression on survival outcomes of HCC patients was analyzed using TCGA database, Kaplan Meier, and timeROC curve analyses, and its association with immune cell infiltration was explored using TIMER website, CIBERSORT, and ssGSEA. Immunohistochemmistry was used to detect PLXNA1 expression in clinical specimens of HCC and adjacent tissues, and the correlation of PLXNA1 expression level with the patients' survival was analyzed. RT-qPCR was used to examine PLXNA1 expressions in different HCC cell lines, and the effects of PLXNA1 knockdown on proliferation and migration of SMMC-7721 cells were evaluated using CCK-8 and Transwell assays. RESULTS Bioinformatic analyses suggested that PLXNA1 was highly expressed in HCC, and its high expression was associated with poor survival outcomes of the patients. PLXNA1 expression level was significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration in HCC. Immunohistochemmistry showed that compared with the adjacent tissues, HCC tissues had significantly higher PLXNA1 expressions, which were associated with a poor patient survival and served also as a diagnostic indicator for HCC (AUC= 0.9346). In cultured HCC cell lines, SMMC-7721 cells showed a higher PLXNA1 expression than HL-7702 cells, and PLXNA1 knockdown significantly suppressed proliferation and migration of SMMC-7721 cells. CONCLUSION PLXNA1 is highly expressed in HCC to promote tumor cell migration and proliferation and affect the patients' survival outcomes and immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- 莉莉 苏
- />蚌埠医学院第一附属医院肿瘤科,安徽 蚌埠 233000Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 晚晴 梁
- />蚌埠医学院第一附属医院肿瘤科,安徽 蚌埠 233000Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 振宇 吕
- />蚌埠医学院第一附属医院肿瘤科,安徽 蚌埠 233000Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 啸 韩
- />蚌埠医学院第一附属医院肿瘤科,安徽 蚌埠 233000Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
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50
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Suo L, Gao M, Ma T, Gao Z. Effect of RPL27 knockdown on the proliferation and apoptosis of human liver cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:156-162. [PMID: 37812860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
RPL27 is linked to the development of various diseases including malignant tumors. RPL27 may play an oncogenic function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but this is unknown. So, the aim of this study was to investigate how the human liver cancer cell lines SNU449 and HepG2 responded to RPL27 knockdown in terms of proliferation and apoptosis. SNU449 and HepG2 were cultured and infected with shCon and shRPL27 lentiviral particles to induce RPL27 knockdown, and then RPL27 expression was detected using qPCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation was measured using CCK8, cell cloning, cell scraping, and transwell migration and invasion, while apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry (FCM). The qPCR revealed that mRNA expression of RPL27 decreased after knocking down RPL27 in cells. The CCK8 and cell cloning assay confirmed that knocking down RPL27 significantly reduced cell viability. The cell scratch assay and transwell assays showed that the proliferation rate decreased after knocking down RPL27. A substantial increase in apoptotic cells was discovered by FCM. According to WB, RPL27 knockdown increased the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 while decreasing the expression of bcl-2. The findings showed that RPL27 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation in SNU449 and HepG2 via inducing apoptosis, proving that RPL27 is a novel gene linked with HCC and is crucial for both proliferation and apoptosis. These outcomes imply that RPL27 may be a potential target for liver cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Suo
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Mingwei Gao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Taiheng Ma
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Zhenming Gao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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