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3
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Yin C, Wang X, Tao Y, Wu X, Li Y, Li H, Liang Y. Notch 2 from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells alleviates smoke inhalation-induced lung injury by mediating alveolar cell differentiation. J Mol Histol 2025; 56:113. [PMID: 40119225 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-025-10393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2025] [Indexed: 03/24/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoke inhalation-induced lung injury (SILI) is the major fatality in fire- and blast-related accidents. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have a potential therapeutic role in SILI through directional differentiation into AT1, AT2, and pulmonary vascular endothelial cells. The present study proposes to evaluate the effect of Notch 2 on the directional differentiation of BMSCs and to characterize its reparative role in a SILI model. METHODS pGMLV-SC5 RNAi and pcDNA 3.1 lentivirus exogenously regulate Notch 2 expression in rat-derived BMSCs and BMSCs were injected into the tail vein of the SILI rat model. H&E, Masson and TUNEL stains characterized pathological changes in rat lung tissue. ELISA, western blot, and RT-qPCR identified inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α), Notch 2 pathway- (Notch 2 and Hes1), lung fibrosis- (α-SMA and E-cadherin), AT1- (AQP5), and AT2- (SPC and SPD) associated markers. RESULTS pGMLV-SC5 RNAi or pcDNA 3.1 lentivirus could decrease or increase Notch 2 expression in BMSCs. In vivo imaging showed that BMSCs could be localized in the lungs of the SILI model at 24 h after model development. Treatment with BMSCs alleviated diffuse congestion, lung fibrosis, and alveolar cell apoptosis in lung tissues of the SILI model. Treatment of BMSCs decreased the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and α-SMA and increased the expression of Notch 2, Hes1, E-cadherin, AQP5, SPC, and SPD in the SILI model. Overexpression of Notch 2 enhances the therapeutic effect of BMSCs on lung injury in the SILI model. Notably, overexpression of Notch 2 attenuated the BMSCs-induced upregulation of AQP5 expression and enhanced the BMSCs-induced upregulation of SPC and SPD expression. CONCLUSION Notch 2 contributes to lung injury repair in the SILI rat model by facilitating the differentiation of BMSCs to AT2. This study provides a new idea and target for the treatment of BMSCs for SILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunping Yin
- Department of Vascular Surgery Department, 920th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, 212 Daguan Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Neurology, 920th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, 212 Daguan Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanmei Tao
- Department of Geriatric, 920th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, 212 Daguan Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University, No. 1168 Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Department of Emergency, 920th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, 212 Daguan Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Geriatric, 920th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, 212 Daguan Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Haiping Li
- Department of Geriatric, 920th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, 212 Daguan Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Department of Geriatric, 920th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, 212 Daguan Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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Stachon T, Fries FN, Li Z, Daas L, Nagy ZZ, Seitz B, Szentmáry N. Decreased PAX6 and DSG1 Protein Expression in Corneal Epithelium of Patients with Epithelial Basal Membrane Dystrophy, Salzmann Nodular Degeneration, and Pterygium. J Clin Med 2025; 14:1456. [PMID: 40094891 PMCID: PMC11900124 DOI: 10.3390/jcm14051456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2025] [Accepted: 02/19/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Evaluation of stem cell, keratin, retinoic acid metabolism markers and non-coding micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in conjunctival and corneal samples of patients with epithelial basal membrane dystrophy (EBMD), Salzmann nodular degeneration (SND), pterygium and congenital aniridia (CA), to detect similarities and differences in their pathogenesis. Methods: Impression cytology (IC) samples and corneal epithelial samples (CEs) of patients with EBMD, SND, pterygium, congenital aniridia, and healthy control subjects have been analyzed. The IC samples were subjected to qPCR, and the epithelial samples were subjected to qPCR and WB. Limbal epithelial stem cell markers, keratins, retinoic acid metabolism markers, and miRNAs were analyzed. Results: In conjunctival IC samples, PAX6 mRNA expression was significantly lower in EBMD, SND, pterygium, and CA compared to healthy controls (p ≤ 0.02). KRT13 mRNA expression was significantly higher in EBMD, SND, and pterygium (p ≤ 0.018), and FABP5 was increased in pterygium samples (p = 0.007). MiRNA-138-5p was significantly higher in aniridia samples than in normal controls (p = 0.037). In corneal epithelial samples, PAX6 protein, DSG1 mRNA and protein, miRNA-138-5p, and miR-204-5p expression were significantly lower in EBMD, SND, and pterygium samples than in controls (p ≤ 0.02). ALDHA1 mRNA expression was significantly lower (p < 0.0001), and FABP5 mRNA expression was significantly higher (p = 0.014) in pterygium samples than in controls. Conclusions: PAX6, DSG1, miR-138-5p, and miR-204-5p expression is decreased in the corneal epithelium of epithelial basal membrane dystrophy, Salzmann nodular degeneration, and pterygium subjects. In addition, there is a dysregulation of markers of the retinoic acid signaling pathway, such as ADH1A1 and FABP5, in the corneal epithelium of pterygium subjects. These changes may offer therapeutic targets in the treatment of these ocular surface diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Stachon
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, 66421 Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Fabian N. Fries
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, 66421 Homburg, Saarland, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Saarland, Germany (B.S.)
| | - Zhen Li
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, 66421 Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Loay Daas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Saarland, Germany (B.S.)
| | - Zoltán Zsolt Nagy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Berthold Seitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Saarland, Germany (B.S.)
| | - Nóra Szentmáry
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, 66421 Homburg, Saarland, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
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5
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Walsh JML, Miao VN, Owings AH, Tang Y, Bromley JD, Kazer SW, Kimler K, Asare C, Ziegler CGK, Ibrahim S, Jivanjee T, George M, Navia AW, Drake RS, Parker A, Billingsley BC, Dotherow P, Tarugu S, Kota SK, Laird H, Wichman TG, Davis YT, Dhaliwal NS, Pride Y, Guo Y, Senitko M, Harvey J, Bates JT, Diamond G, Garrett MR, Robinson DA, Frame IJ, Lyons JJ, Robinson TO, Shalek AK, Horwitz BH, Glover SC, Ordovas-Montanes J. Variants and vaccines impact nasal immunity over three waves of SARS-CoV-2. Nat Immunol 2025; 26:294-307. [PMID: 39833605 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-02052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
Viral variant and host vaccination status impact infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), yet how these factors shift cellular responses in the human nasal mucosa remains uncharacterized. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on nasopharyngeal swabs from vaccinated and unvaccinated adults with acute Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infections and integrated with data from acute infections with ancestral SARS-CoV-2. Patients with Delta and Omicron exhibited greater similarity in nasal cell composition driven by myeloid, T cell and SARS-CoV-2hi cell subsets, which was distinct from that of ancestral cases. Delta-infected samples had a marked increase in viral RNA, and a subset of PER2+EGR1+GDF15+ epithelial cells was enriched in SARS-CoV-2 RNA+ cells in all variants. Prior vaccination was associated with increased frequency and activation of nasal macrophages. Expression of interferon-stimulated genes negatively correlated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity in patients with ancestral and Delta but not Omicron variants. Our study defines nasal cell responses and signatures of disease severity across SARS-CoV-2 variants and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn M L Walsh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vincent N Miao
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School and MIT, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna H Owings
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Ying Tang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua D Bromley
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Samuel W Kazer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kyle Kimler
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chelsea Asare
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Carly G K Ziegler
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School and MIT, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Samira Ibrahim
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tasneem Jivanjee
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Micayla George
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew W Navia
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Riley S Drake
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Adam Parker
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | | | - Paul Dotherow
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Spurthi Tarugu
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sai K Kota
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Hannah Laird
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - T Grant Wichman
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yesenia T Davis
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Neha S Dhaliwal
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yilianys Pride
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yanglin Guo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Michal Senitko
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jessie Harvey
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - John T Bates
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Gill Diamond
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Michael R Garrett
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - D Ashley Robinson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - I J Frame
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jonathan J Lyons
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tanya O Robinson
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Alex K Shalek
- Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School and MIT, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bruce H Horwitz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah C Glover
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jose Ordovas-Montanes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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6
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Kim J, Eo EY, Kim B, Lee H, Kim J, Koo BK, Kim HJ, Cho S, Kim J, Cho YJ. Transcriptomic Analysis of Air-Liquid Interface Culture in Human Lung Organoids Reveals Regulators of Epithelial Differentiation. Cells 2024; 13:1991. [PMID: 39682739 PMCID: PMC11639892 DOI: 10.3390/cells13231991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Revised: 11/17/2024] [Accepted: 11/29/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
To develop in vitro respiratory models, it is crucial to identify the factors involved in epithelial cell differentiation. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the effects of air-liquid interface (ALI) culture on epithelial cell differentiation using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). ALI culture induced a pronounced shift in cell composition, marked by a fivefold increase in ciliated cells and a reduction of more than half in basal cells. Transcriptional signatures associated with epithelial cell differentiation, analyzed using iPathwayGuide software, revealed the downregulation of VEGFA and upregulation of CDKN1A as key signals for epithelial differentiation. Our findings highlight the efficacy of the ALI culture for replicating the human lung airway epithelium and provide valuable insights into the crucial factors that influence human ciliated cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (E.-Y.E.); (B.K.); (H.-J.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Eo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (E.-Y.E.); (B.K.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Bokyong Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (E.-Y.E.); (B.K.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Heetak Lee
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (J.K.); (B.-K.K.)
| | - Jihoon Kim
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (J.K.); (B.-K.K.)
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon-Kyoung Koo
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (J.K.); (B.-K.K.)
| | - Hyung-Jun Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (E.-Y.E.); (B.K.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Sukki Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jinho Kim
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
- Precision Medicine Center, Future Innovation Research Division, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jae Cho
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (E.-Y.E.); (B.K.); (H.-J.K.)
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