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Cui Y, Du X, Li Y, Wang D, Lv Z, Yuan H, Chen Y, Liu J, Sun Y, Wang W. Imbalanced and Unchecked: The Role of Metal Dyshomeostasis in Driving COPD Progression. COPD 2024; 21:2322605. [PMID: 38591165 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2024.2322605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by persistent inflammation and oxidative stress, which ultimately leads to progressive restriction of airflow. Extensive research findings have cogently suggested that the dysregulation of essential transition metal ions, notably iron, copper, and zinc, stands as a critical nexus in the perpetuation of inflammatory processes and oxidative damage within the lungs of COPD patients. Unraveling the intricate interplay between metal homeostasis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory signaling is of paramount importance in unraveling the intricacies of COPD pathogenesis. This comprehensive review aims to examine the current literature on the sources, regulation, and mechanisms by which metal dyshomeostasis contributes to COPD progression. We specifically focus on iron, copper, and zinc, given their well-characterized roles in orchestrating cytokine production, immune cell function, antioxidant depletion, and matrix remodeling. Despite the limited number of clinical trials investigating metal modulation in COPD, the advent of emerging methodologies tailored to monitor metal fluxes and gauge responses to chelation and supplementation hold great promise in unlocking the potential of metal-based interventions. We conclude that targeted restoration of metal homeostasis represents a promising frontier for ameliorating pathological processes driving COPD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Cui
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqian Du
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunqi Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Lv
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Yuan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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2
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Jia H, Chang Y, Chen Y, Chen X, Zhang H, Hua X, Xu M, Sheng Y, Zhang N, Cui H, Han L, Zhang J, Fu X, Song J. A single-cell atlas of lung homeostasis reveals dynamic changes during development and aging. Commun Biol 2024; 7:427. [PMID: 38589700 PMCID: PMC11001898 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06111-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a global challenge, marked in the lungs by function decline and structural disorders, which affects the health of the elderly population. To explore anti-aging strategies, we develop a dynamic atlas covering 45 cell types in human lungs, spanning from embryonic development to aging. We aim to apply the discoveries of lung's development to address aging-related issues. We observe that both epithelial and immune cells undergo a process of acquisition and loss of essential function as they transition from development to aging. During aging, we identify cellular phenotypic alternations that result in reduced pulmonary compliance and compromised immune homeostasis. Furthermore, we find a distinctive expression pattern of the ferritin light chain (FTL) gene, which increases during development but decreases in various types of lung cells during the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiumeng Hua
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengda Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yixuan Sheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of General Surgery, Yanan Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Thoracic Surgery Department, the third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jiangping Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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3
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Fulte S, Atto B, McCarty A, Horn KJ, Redzic JS, Eisenmesser E, Yang M, Marsh RL, Tristram S, Clark SE. Heme sequestration by hemophilin from Haemophilus haemolyticus reduces respiratory tract colonization and infection with non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae. mSphere 2024; 9:e0000624. [PMID: 38380941 PMCID: PMC10964412 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00006-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron acquisition is a key feature dictating the success of pathogen colonization and infection. Pathogens scavenging iron from the host must contend with other members of the microbiome similarly competing for the limited pool of bioavailable iron, often in the form of heme. In this study, we identify a beneficial role for the heme-binding protein hemophilin (Hpl) produced by the non-pathogenic bacterium Haemophilus haemolyticus against its close relative, the opportunistic respiratory tract pathogen non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). Using a mouse model, we found that pre-exposure to H. haemolyticus significantly reduced NTHi colonization of the upper airway and impaired NTHi infection of the lungs in an Hpl-dependent manner. Further, treatment with recombinant Hpl was sufficient to decrease airway burdens of NTHi without exacerbating lung immunopathology or systemic inflammation. Instead, mucosal production of the neutrophil chemokine CXCL2, lung myeloperoxidase, and serum pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNFα were lower in Hpl-treated mice. Mechanistically, H. haemolyticus suppressed NTHi growth and adherence to human respiratory tract epithelial cells through the expression of Hpl, and recombinant Hpl could recapitulate these effects. Together, these findings indicate that heme sequestration by non-pathogenic, Hpl-producing H. haemolyticus is protective against NTHi colonization and infection. IMPORTANCE The microbiome provides a critical layer of protection against infection with bacterial pathogens. This protection is accomplished through a variety of mechanisms, including interference with pathogen growth and adherence to host cells. In terms of immune defense, another way to prevent pathogens from establishing infections is by limiting the availability of nutrients, referred to as nutritional immunity. Restricting pathogen access to iron is a central component of this approach. Here, we uncovered an example where these two strategies intersect to impede infection with the respiratory tract bacterial pathogen Haemophilus influenzae. Specifically, we find that a non-pathogenic (commensal) bacterium closely related to H. influenzae called Haemophilus haemolyticus improves protection against H. influenzae by limiting the ability of this pathogen to access iron. These findings suggest that beneficial members of the microbiome improve protection against pathogen infection by effectively contributing to host nutritional immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Fulte
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Brianna Atto
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Arianna McCarty
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kadi J. Horn
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jasmina S. Redzic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA
| | - Elan Eisenmesser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA
| | - Michael Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Robyn L. Marsh
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Stephen Tristram
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Sarah E. Clark
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Situmorang PC, Ilyas S, Syahputra RA, Nugraha AP, Putri MSS, Rumahorbo CGP. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk. (haramonting) protects against allethrin-exposed pulmo damage in rats: mechanistic interleukins. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1343936. [PMID: 38379903 PMCID: PMC10877004 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1343936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhaling Allethrin (C19H26O3) may induce oxidative stress in lung cells by causing the formation of free radi-cals. Interleukins (IL) are a group of secreted cytokines or proteins and signaling molecules initially produced as an immune response by leukocytes. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk. (haramonting) contains antioxidants that may prevent lung damage induced by allethrin-containing electric mosquito repellents. In this study, six groups of rats were exposed to allethrin via an electric mosquito repellent, including positive, negative, and comparison control groups and three groups were administered Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk at 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 300 mg/kg BW. After 30 days, the pulmonary tissue and the blood were taken for immunohisto-chemical and ELISA analysis. The accumulation of inflammatory cells causes the thickening of the alveolar wall structures. Injuries were more prevalent in the A+ group than in the other groups. The connection between the alveoli and blood capillaries, which can interfere with alveolar gas exchange, is not regulated, and the lu-minal morphology is aberrant, causing damage to the alveolar epithelial cells. Exposure to electric mosquito coils containing allethrin can increase the expression of interleukin-1, interleukin-8, interleukin-9, and interleu-kin-18 in blood serum and tissues while decreasing the expression of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10. Like the Vitamin C group, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa can increase alveolar histological alterations by decreasing the ex-pression of IL-1β, IL-8, IL-9, and IL-18 while increasing IL-6 and IL-10. So that this plant can be developed in the future as a drug to prevent lung harm from exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putri Cahaya Situmorang
- Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Syafruddin Ilyas
- Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Rony Abdi Syahputra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Alexander Patera Nugraha
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mimmy Sari Syah Putri
- Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
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Chang J, Wang J, Luo B, Li W, Xiong Z, Du C, Wang X, Wang Y, Tian J, Li S, Fang Y, Li L, Dong J, Tan K, Fan Y, Cao P. Vitamin E stabilizes iron and mitochondrial metabolism in pulmonary fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1240829. [PMID: 38125893 PMCID: PMC10731373 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1240829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a fatal chronic lung disease that causes structural damage and decreased lung function and has a poor prognosis. Currently, there is no medicine that can truly cure PF. Vitamin E (VE) is a group of natural antioxidants with anticancer and antimutagenic properties. There have been a few reports about the attenuation of PF by VE in experimental animals, but the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Methods: Bleomycin-induced PF (BLM-PF) mouse model, and cultured mouse primary lung fibroblasts and MLE 12 cells were utilized. Pathological examination of lung sections, immunoblotting, immunofluorescent staining, and real-time PCR were conducted in this study. Results: We confirmed that VE significantly delayed the progression of BLM-PF and increased the survival rates of experimental mice with PF. VE suppressed the pathological activation and fibrotic differentiation of lung fibroblasts and epithelial-mesenchymal transition and alleviated the inflammatory response in BLM-induced fibrotic lungs and pulmonary epithelial cells in vitro. Importantly, VE reduced BLM-induced ferritin expression in fibrotic lungs, whereas VE did not exhibit iron chelation properties in fibroblasts or epithelial cells in vitro. Furthermore, VE protected against mitochondrial dysmorphology and normalized mitochondrial protein expression in BLM-PF lungs. Consistently, VE suppressed apoptosis in BLM-PF lungs and pulmonary epithelial cells in vitro. Discussion: Collectively, VE markedly inhibited BLM-induced PF through a complex mechanism, including improving iron metabolism and mitochondrial structure and function, mitigating inflammation, and decreasing the fibrotic functions of fibroblasts and epithelial cells. Therefore, VE presents a highly potential therapeutic against PF due to its multiple protective effects with few side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Beibei Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Weihao Li
- Special Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ziyue Xiong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chaoqi Du
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yuejiao Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jingya Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shuxin Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yue Fang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Longjie Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ke Tan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yumei Fan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Pengxiu Cao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Zhang D, Jia X, Lin D, Ma J. Melatonin and ferroptosis: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115909. [PMID: 37931663 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death, is characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation leading to oxidative damage to cell membranes. Cell sensitivity to ferroptosis is influenced by factors such as iron overload, lipid metabolism, and the regulation of the antioxidant system. Melatonin, with its demonstrated capacity to chelate iron, modulate iron metabolism proteins, regulate lipid peroxidation, and regulate antioxidant systems, has promise as a potential therapeutic agent in mediating ferroptosis. The availability of approved drugs targeting ferroptosis is limited; therefore, melatonin is a candidate for broad application due to its safety and efficacy in attenuating ferroptosis in noncancerous diseases. Melatonin has been demonstrated to attenuate ferroptosis in cellular and animal models of noncancerous diseases, showcasing effectiveness in organs such as the heart, brain, lung, liver, kidney, and bone. This review outlines the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis, investigates melatonin's potential effects on ferroptosis, and discusses melatonin's therapeutic potential as a promising intervention against diseases associated with ferroptosis. Through this discourse, we aim to lay a strong foundation for developing melatonin as a therapeutic strategy to modulate ferroptosis in a variety of disease contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongni Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaotong Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Duomao Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China.
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Wu JY, Liu MY, Hung KC, Hsu WH, Tsai YW, Liu TH, Huang PY, Chuang MH, Hsieh YL, Lai CC, Kuo YH. Nutritional deficiency anemia and post-acute sequelae in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: A six-month retrospective cohort analysis of 30 892 patients. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29246. [PMID: 38010833 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The effect of anemia on the post-acute outcome of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection was unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between nutritional deficiency anemia (NDA) status and post-acute sequelae of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. This retrospective cohort study included patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) from January 1, 2022 to November 30, 2022 using the TriNetX research network. The patients were grouped into the NDA group comprising patients diagnosed with NDA and the control group comprising patients without NDA, and propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance the two groups. The primary outcome was a composite of post-COVID-19 condition, all-cause hospitalization, and all-cause death. The secondary outcomes were any individual outcomes of the primary composite. The follow-up period was set at 90-180 days after COVID-19 diagnosis. Two cohorts comprising 15 446 nonhospitalized patients with COVID-19 in each group with balanced baseline characteristics were created using PSM. During the follow-up period, the NDA group demonstrated a higher risk of the composite primary outcome, including post-COVID-19 condition, all-cause hospitalization, or all-cause death (hazard ratio [HR], 1.896; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.757-2.045). Regarding secondary outcomes, the NDA group was associated with worse outcomes, including post-COVID-19 condition (HR, 1.992; 95% CI = 1.403-2.828), all-cause hospitalization (HR, 1.856; 95% CI = 1.714-2.009), and all-cause death (HR, 3.922; 95% CI = 2.910-5.285) compared to the control group. Among nonhospitalized patients with COVID-19, NDA was associated with a higher risk of post-COVID-19 condition, all-cause hospitalization, and all-cause death during the 90-180-day follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jheng-Yan Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yuan Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Food Nutrition, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chuan Hung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hsuan Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Tsai
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hui Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiang Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Nursing, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Nursing, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Lai
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan, Taiwan
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8
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Wang C, Hua S, Song L. Ferroptosis in pulmonary fibrosis: an emerging therapeutic target. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1205771. [PMID: 37664432 PMCID: PMC10470006 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1205771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the role of ferroptosis in pulmonary fibrosis has garnered increasing interest as a potential therapeutic target. Pulmonary fibrosis is a pathological process characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix in affected lung tissues, and currently, there are no effective therapies for preventing or reversing the fibrotic lesions. Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that is regulated by a network of enzymes and signaling pathways. Dysregulation of ferroptosis has been implicated in several diseases, including pulmonary fibrosis. The accumulation of lipid peroxides in the course of ferroptosis causes damage to cell membranes and other cellular components, leading ultimately to cell death. Relevant targets for therapeutic intervention in ferroptosis include key enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase 4, transcription factors like nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and iron chelation. This review provides an overview of the emerging role of ferroptosis in pulmonary fibrosis and highlights potential therapeutic targets in this pathway. Further research is needed to develop safe and effective approaches targeting ferroptosis in treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Wang
- Department of General Practice, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shucheng Hua
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Zhang X, Zhou J, Holbein BE, Lehmann C. Iron Chelation as a Potential Therapeutic Approach in Acute Lung Injury. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1659. [PMID: 37629516 PMCID: PMC10455621 DOI: 10.3390/life13081659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) has been challenging health care systems since before the COVID-19 pandemic due to its morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay. In view of the complex pathogenesis of ALI, effective strategies for its prevention and treatment are still lacking. A growing body of evidence suggests that iron dysregulation is a common characteristic in many subtypes of ALI. On the one hand, iron is needed to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as part of the immune response to an infection; on the other hand, iron can accelerate the occurrence of ferroptosis and extend host cell damage. Iron chelation represents a novel therapeutic strategy for alleviating lung injury and improving the survival of patients with ALI. This article reviews the current knowledge of iron homeostasis, the role of iron in ALI development, and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada; (X.Z.); (J.Z.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada; (X.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Bruce E. Holbein
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada;
| | - Christian Lehmann
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada; (X.Z.); (J.Z.)
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada;
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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10
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Ibrahim JP, Butcher NJ, Kothapalli A, Subasic CN, Blanchfield JT, Whittaker AK, Whittaker MR, Kaminskas LM. Utilization of endogenous albumin trafficking pathways in the lungs has potential to modestly increase the lung interstitial access and absorption of drug delivery systems after inhaled administration. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1145-1155. [PMID: 37535434 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2244881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Drug delivery systems typically show limited access to the lung interstitium and absorption after pulmonary delivery. The aim of this work was to undertake a proof-of-concept investigation into the potential of employing endogenous albumin and albumin absorption mechanisms in the lungs to improve lung interstitial access and absorption of inhaled drug delivery systems that bind albumin. METHODS The permeability of human albumin (HSA) through monolayers of primary human alveolar epithelia, small airway epithelia, and microvascular endothelium were investigated. The pulmonary pharmacokinetics of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was also investigated in efferent caudal mediastinal lymph duct-cannulated sheep after inhaled aerosol administration. RESULTS Membrane permeability coefficient values (Papp) of HSA increased in the order alveolar epithelia CONCLUSION Drug delivery systems that bind endogenous albumin may show a modest increase in lung permeability and absorption after inhaled delivery compared to systems that do not efficiently bind albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibriil P Ibrahim
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Neville J Butcher
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Ashok Kothapalli
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Joanne T Blanchfield
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Green Electrochemical Transformation of Carbon Dioxide, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael R Whittaker
- Drug Delivery Disposition Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa M Kaminskas
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
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11
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Liu X, Wang X, Chang J, Zhang H, Cao P. Landscape analysis and overview of the literature on oxidative stress and pulmonary diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1190817. [PMID: 37305540 PMCID: PMC10250599 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1190817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance in oxidant/antioxidant processes and is a critical process in pulmonary diseases. As no truly effective therapies exist for lung cancer, lung fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), at present, it is important to comprehensively study the relationship between oxidative stress and pulmonary diseases to identify truly effective therapeutics. Since there is no quantitative and qualitative bibliometric analysis of the literature in this area, this review provides an in-depth analysis of publications related to oxidative stress and pulmonary diseases over four periods, including from 1953 to 2007, 2008 to 2012, 2013 to 2017, and 2018 to 2022. Interest in many pulmonary diseases has increased, and the mechanisms and therapeutic drugs for pulmonary diseases have been well analyzed. Lung injury, lung cancer, asthma, COPD and pneumonia are the 5 most studied pulmonary diseases related to oxidative stress. Inflammation, apoptosis, nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (NRF2), mitochondria, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) are rapidly becoming the most commonly used top keywords. The top thirty medicines most studied for treating different pulmonary diseases were summarized. Antioxidants, especially those targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS) in specific organelles and certain diseases, may be a substantial and necessary choice in combined therapies rather than acting as a single "magic bullet" for the effective treatment of refractory pulmonary diseases.
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12
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Dimiza F, Barmpa A, Chronakis A, Hatzidimitriou AG, Sanakis Y, Papadopoulos AN, Psomas G. Iron(III) Complexes with Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Structure, Antioxidant and Anticholinergic Activity, and Interaction with Biomolecules. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076391. [PMID: 37047364 PMCID: PMC10094617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
One the main research goals of bioinorganic chemists is the synthesis of novel coordination compounds possessing biological potency. Within this context, three novel iron(III) complexes with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs diflunisal and diclofenac in the presence or absence of the nitrogen donors 1,10-phenanthroline or pyridine were isolated and characterized by diverse techniques. The complexes were evaluated for their ability to scavenge in vitro free radicals such as hydroxyl, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals, revealing their selective potency towards hydroxyl radicals. The in vitro inhibitory activity of the complexes towards the enzymes acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase was evaluated, and their potential to achieve neuroprotection appeared promising. The interaction of the complexes with calf-thymus DNA was examined in vitro, revealing their ability to intercalate in-between DNA nucleobases. The affinity of the complexes for serum albumins was evaluated in vitro and revealed their tight and reversible binding.
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13
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Platelet activation and ferroptosis mediated NETosis drives heme induced pulmonary thrombosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166688. [PMID: 36925054 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Cell-free heme (CFH) is a product of hemoglobin, myoglobin and hemoprotein degradation, which is a hallmark of pathologies associated with extensive hemolysis and tissue damage. CHF and iron collectively induce cytokine storm, lung injury, respiratory distress and infection susceptibility in the lungs suggesting their key role in the progression of lung disease pathology. We have previously demonstrated that heme-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces platelet activation and ferroptosis. However, interaction of ferroptotic platelets and neutrophils, the mechanism of action and associated complications remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that heme-induced P-selectin expression and Phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization in platelets via ASK-1-inflammasome axis increases platelet-neutrophil aggregates in circulation, resulting in Neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) formation in vitro and in vivo. Further, heme-induced platelet activation in mice increased platelet-neutrophil aggregates and accumulation of NETs in the lungs causing pulmonary damage. Thus, connecting CFH-mediated platelet activation to NETosis and pulmonary thrombosis. As lung infections induce acute respiratory stress, thrombosis and NETosis, we propose that heme -mediated platelet activation and ferroptosis might be crucial in such clinical manifestations. Further, considering the ability of redox modulators and ferroptosis inhibitors like FS-1, Lpx-1 and DFO to inhibit heme-induced ferroptotic platelets-mediated NETosis and pulmonary thrombosis. They could be potential adjuvant therapy to regulate respiratory distress-associated clinical complications.
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14
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Buret AG, Allain T. Gut microbiota biofilms: From regulatory mechanisms to therapeutic targets. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20221743. [PMID: 36688957 PMCID: PMC9884580 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota contain communities of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and Eukarya, and live as biofilms. In health, these biofilms adhere to the intestinal mucus surface without contacting the epithelium. Disruptions to the equilibrium between these biofilms and the host may create invasive pathobionts from these commensal communities and contribute to disease pathogenesis. Environmental factors appear to dominate over genetics in determining the shifts in microbiota populations and function, including when comparing microbiota between low-income and industrialized countries. The observations discussed herein carry enormous potential for the development of novel therapies targeting phenotype in microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre G. Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, Host-Parasite Interactions program, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Thibault Allain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Host-Parasite Interactions program, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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15
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Rosenblum SL. Inflammation, dysregulated iron metabolism, and cardiovascular disease. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1124178. [PMID: 36816471 PMCID: PMC9935942 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1124178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential trace element associated with both pathologic deficiency and toxic overload. Thus, systemic and cell iron metabolism are highly controlled processes regulated by protein expression and localization, as well as turnover, through the action of cytokines and iron status. Iron metabolism in the heart is challenging because both iron overload and deficiency are associated with cardiac disease. Also associated with cardiovascular disease is inflammation, as many cardiac diseases are caused by or include an inflammatory component. In addition, iron metabolism and inflammation are closely linked. Hepcidin, the master regulator of systemic iron metabolism, is induced by the cytokine IL-6 and as such is among the acute phase proteins secreted by the liver as part of the inflammatory response. In an inflammatory state, systemic iron homeostasis is dysregulated, commonly resulting in hypoferremia, or low serum iron. Less well characterized is cardiac iron metabolism in general, and even less is known about how inflammation impacts heart iron handling. This review highlights what is known with respect to iron metabolism in the heart. Expression of iron metabolism-related proteins and processes of iron uptake and efflux in these cell types are outlined. Evidence for the strong co-morbid relationship between inflammation and cardiac disease is also reviewed. Known connections between inflammatory processes and iron metabolism in the heart are discussed with the goal of linking inflammation and iron metabolism in this tissue, a connection that has been relatively under-appreciated as a component of heart function in an inflammatory state. Therapeutic options connecting inflammation and iron balance are emphasized, with the main goal of this review being to bring attention to alterations in iron balance as a component of inflammatory diseases of the cardiovascular system.
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16
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Franklin SD, Fierro J, Hysinger EB, Phinizy PA, Piccione J. Hemosiderin-Laden Macrophages in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Samples of Children with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. J Pediatr 2023; 253:79-85. [PMID: 36130636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prevalence of hemosiderin-laden macrophages in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and assess for an association between hemosiderin-laden macrophages and pulmonary arterial hypertension. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case-control study of infants and children with and without BPD who underwent bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) the at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia between 2012 and 2021. RESULTS BAL from 205 children with BPD and 106 controls without BPD matched for tracheostomy, infection, and age were reviewed for hemosiderin-laden macrophages. Seventy-one individuals (34.6%) with BPD had a BAL with 10% or more hemosiderin-laden macrophages compared with 3 (2.8%) controls (P < .0001; OR, 18.19; 95% CI, 5.57-59.41). Patients with pulmonary hypertension by echocardiogram (P = .04; OR, 3.69; 95% CI, 1.05-12.96) or an elevated mean pulmonary artery pressure during cardiac catheterization, rs (14) = 0.56, P = .04, were more likely to have elevated hemosiderin-laden macrophages on BAL samples less than 60 days from bronchoscopy. After adjusting for birth weight, gestational age, BPD grade, and age at the time of bronchoscopy using logistic regression, pulmonary hypertension was associated with a higher odds of hemosiderin-laden macrophages of 10% or more (P = .02; OR, 6.37; 95% CI, 1.28-31.87). No association was observed between hemosiderin-laden macrophages and sex, race, gestational age, birth weight, tracheostomy, or infectious studies. CONCLUSIONS This retrospective study revealed increased hemosiderin-laden macrophages in BAL samples from patients with BPD and a significant association with pulmonary arterial hypertension. It is unclear whether elevated hemosiderin-laden macrophages within BPD contributes to the pathogenesis of lung and pulmonary vascular disease or is simply a biomarker of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Franklin
- Division of Pulmonary & Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Julie Fierro
- Division of Pulmonary & Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Erik B Hysinger
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Pelton A Phinizy
- Division of Pulmonary & Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Joseph Piccione
- Division of Pulmonary & Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
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17
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Wang Z, He Y, Cun Y, Li Q, Zhao Y, Luo Z. Transcriptomic analysis identified SLC40A1 as a key iron metabolism-related gene in airway macrophages in childhood allergic asthma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1164544. [PMID: 37123407 PMCID: PMC10133523 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1164544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Asthma is the most common chronic condition in children, with allergic asthma being the most common phenotype, accounting for approximately 80% of cases. Growing evidence suggests that disruption of iron homeostasis and iron regulatory molecules may be associated with childhood allergic asthma. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Methods: Three childhood asthma gene expression datasets were analyzed to detect aberrant expression profiles of iron metabolism-related genes in the airways of children with allergic asthma. Common iron metabolism-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across the three datasets were identified and were subjected to functional enrichment analysis. Possible correlations between key iron metabolism-related DEGs and type 2 airway inflammatory genes were investigated. Single-cell transcriptome analysis further identified major airway cell subpopulations driving key gene expression. Key iron metabolism-related gene SLC40A1 was validated in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells from childhood asthmatics with control individuals by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunofluorescence. The intracellular iron content in BAL cells was assessed by Perls iron staining and the iron levels in BAL supernatant was measured by iron assay to assess airway iron metabolism status in childhood asthmatics. Results: Five common iron metabolism-related DEGs were identified, which were functionally related to iron homeostasis. Among these genes, downregulated SLC40A1 was strongly correlated with type 2 airway inflammatory markers and the gene signature of SLC40A1 could potentially be used to determine type 2-high and type 2-low subsets in childhood allergic asthmatics. Further single-cell transcriptomic analysis identified airway macrophages driving SLC40A1 expression. Immunofluorescence staining revealed colocalization of FPN (encoded by SLC40A1) and macrophage marker CD68. Down-regulation of SLC40A1 (FPN) was validated by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence analysis. Results further indicated reduced iron levels in the BAL fluid, but increased iron accumulation in BAL cells in childhood allergic asthma patients. Furthermore, decreased expression of SLC40A1 was closely correlated with reduced iron levels in the airways of children with allergic asthma. Discussion: Overall, these findings reveal the potential role of the iron metabolism-related gene SLC40A1 in the pathogenesis of childhood allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu He
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yupeng Cun
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinyuan Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengxiu Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengxiu Luo,
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18
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Association between hepcidin and type 2 diabetes markers in indigenous Argentinean children living at high altitude. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 537:194-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Yang L, Zhang YH, Huang F, Li Z, Huang T, Cai YD. Identification of protein–protein interaction associated functions based on gene ontology and KEGG pathway. Front Genet 2022; 13:1011659. [PMID: 36171880 PMCID: PMC9511048 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1011659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are extremely important for gaining mechanistic insights into the functional organization of the proteome. The resolution of PPI functions can help in the identification of novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets with medical utility, thus facilitating the development of new medications. However, the traditional methods for resolving PPI functions are mainly experimental methods, such as co-immunoprecipitation, pull-down assays, cross-linking, label transfer, and far-Western blot analysis, that are not only expensive but also time-consuming. In this study, we constructed an integrated feature selection scheme for the large-scale selection of the relevant functions of PPIs by using the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway annotations of PPI participants. First, we encoded the proteins in each PPI with their gene ontologies and KEGG pathways. Then, the encoded protein features were refined as features of both positive and negative PPIs. Subsequently, Boruta was used for the initial filtering of features to obtain 5684 features. Three feature ranking algorithms, namely, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, light gradient boosting machine, and max-relevance and min-redundancy, were applied to evaluate feature importance. Finally, the top-ranked features derived from multiple datasets were comprehensively evaluated, and the intersection of results mined by three feature ranking algorithms was taken to identify the features with high correlation with PPIs. Some functional terms were identified in our study, including cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction (hsa04060), intrinsic component of membrane (GO:0031224), and protein-binding biological process (GO:0005515). Our newly proposed integrated computational approach offers a novel perspective of the large-scale mining of biological functions linked to PPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yang
- Measurement Biotechnique Research Center, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu-Hang Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - FeiMing Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - ZhanDong Li
- Measurement Biotechnique Research Center, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Huang, ; Yu-Dong Cai,
| | - Yu-Dong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Huang, ; Yu-Dong Cai,
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20
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Computational Modeling of Macrophage Iron Sequestration during Host Defense against Aspergillus. mSphere 2022; 7:e0007422. [PMID: 35862797 PMCID: PMC9429928 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00074-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential to the virulence of Aspergillus species, and restricting iron availability is a critical mechanism of antimicrobial host defense. Macrophages recruited to the site of infection are at the crux of this process, employing multiple intersecting mechanisms to orchestrate iron sequestration from pathogens. To gain an integrated understanding of how this is achieved in aspergillosis, we generated a transcriptomic time series of the response of human monocyte-derived macrophages to Aspergillus and used this and the available literature to construct a mechanistic computational model of iron handling of macrophages during this infection. We found an overwhelming macrophage response beginning 2 to 4 h after exposure to the fungus, which included upregulated transcription of iron import proteins transferrin receptor-1, divalent metal transporter-1, and ZIP family transporters, and downregulated transcription of the iron exporter ferroportin. The computational model, based on a discrete dynamical systems framework, consisted of 21 3-state nodes, and was validated with additional experimental data that were not used in model generation. The model accurately captures the steady state and the trajectories of most of the quantitatively measured nodes. In the experimental data, we surprisingly found that transferrin receptor-1 upregulation preceded the induction of inflammatory cytokines, a feature that deviated from model predictions. Model simulations suggested that direct induction of transferrin receptor-1 (TfR1) after fungal recognition, independent of the iron regulatory protein-labile iron pool (IRP-LIP) system, explains this finding. We anticipate that this model will contribute to a quantitative understanding of iron regulation as a fundamental host defense mechanism during aspergillosis. IMPORTANCE Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a major cause of death among immunosuppressed individuals despite the best available therapy. Depriving the pathogen of iron is an essential component of host defense in this infection, but the mechanisms by which the host achieves this are complex. To understand how recruited macrophages mediate iron deprivation during the infection, we developed and validated a mechanistic computational model that integrates the available information in the field. The insights provided by this approach can help in designing iron modulation therapies as anti-fungal treatments.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) excess is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and early mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and in animal models. Elevated Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), produced by the injured kidneys, contributes to CKD progression and might aggravate cardiovascular outcomes. The current review aims to highlight the role of LCN2 in CKD, particularly its interactions with FGF23. RECENT FINDINGS Inflammation, disordered iron homeostasis and altered metabolic activity are common complications of CKD, and are associated with elevated levels of kidney-produced LCN2 and bone-secreted FGF23. A recent study shows that elevated LCN2 increases FGF23 production, and contributes to cardiac injury in patients and animals with CKD, whereas LCN2 reduction in mice with CKD reduces FGF23, improves cardiovascular outcomes and prolongs lifespan. SUMMARY In this manuscript, we discuss the potential pathophysiological functions of LCN2 as a major kidney-bone crosstalk molecule, linking the progressive decline in kidney function to excessive bone FGF23 production. We also review associations of LCN2 with kidney, cardiovascular and bone and mineral alterations. We conclude that the presented data support the design of novel therapeutic approaches to improve outcomes in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Courbon
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Center for Translational Metabolism and Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Valentin David
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Center for Translational Metabolism and Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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22
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Oros-Pantoja R, Córdoba-Adaya JC, Torres-García E, Morales-Avila E, Aranda-Lara L, Santillán-Benítez JG, Sánchez-Holguín M, Hernández-Herrera NO, Otero G, Isaac-Olivé K. Preclinical evaluation of early multi-organ toxicity induced by liposomal doxorubicin using 67Ga-citrate. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:247-264. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2071180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julio César Córdoba-Adaya
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Teranóstica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Eugenio Torres-García
- Laboratorio de Dosimetría y Simulación Monte Carlo, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Enrique Morales-Avila
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Liliana Aranda-Lara
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Teranóstica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Jonnathan G Santillán-Benítez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
| | | | | | - Gloria Otero
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Keila Isaac-Olivé
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Teranóstica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
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de Oliveira J, Denadai MB, Costa DL. Crosstalk between Heme Oxygenase-1 and Iron Metabolism in Macrophages: Implications for the Modulation of Inflammation and Immunity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:861. [PMID: 35624725 PMCID: PMC9137896 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of heme, releasing equimolar amounts of carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin (BV), and iron. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of HO-1 activity are conferred in part by the release of CO and BV and are extensively characterized. However, iron constitutes an important product of HO-1 activity involved in the regulation of several cellular biological processes. The macrophage-mediated recycling of heme molecules, in particular those contained in hemoglobin, constitutes the major mechanism through which living organisms acquire iron. This process is finely regulated by the activities of HO-1 and of the iron exporter protein ferroportin. The expression of both proteins can be induced or suppressed in response to pro- and anti-inflammatory stimuli in macrophages from different tissues, which alters the intracellular iron concentrations of these cells. As we discuss in this review article, changes in intracellular iron levels play important roles in the regulation of cellular oxidation reactions as well as in the transcriptional and translational regulation of the expression of proteins related to inflammation and immune responses, and therefore, iron metabolism represents a potential target for the development of novel therapeutic strategies focused on the modulation of immunity and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseana de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (J.d.O.); (M.B.D.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Marina B. Denadai
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (J.d.O.); (M.B.D.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Diego L. Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (J.d.O.); (M.B.D.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil
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Leoncini S, Signorini C, Boasiako L, Scandurra V, Hayek J, Ciccoli L, Rossi M, Canitano R, De Felice C. Breathing Abnormalities During Sleep and Wakefulness in Rett Syndrome: Clinical Relevance and Paradoxical Relationship With Circulating Pro-oxidant Markers. Front Neurol 2022; 13:833239. [PMID: 35422749 PMCID: PMC9001904 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.833239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundBreathing abnormalities are common in Rett syndrome (RTT), a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder almost exclusively affecting females. RTT is linked to mutations in the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) gene. Our aim was to assess the clinical relevance of apneas during sleep-wakefulness cycle in a population with RTT and the possible impact of apneas on circulating oxidative stress markers.MethodsFemale patients with a clinical diagnosis of typical RTT (n = 66), MECP2 gene mutation, and apneas were enrolled (mean age: 12.5 years). Baseline clinical severity, arterial blood gas analysis, and red blood cell count were assessed. Breathing was monitored during the wakefulness and sleep states (average recording time: 13 ± 0.5 h) with a portable polygraphic screening device. According to prevalence of breath holdings, the population was categorized into the wakefulness apnea (WA) and sleep apnea (SA) groups, and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was calculated. The impact of respiratory events on oxidative stress was assessed by plasma and intra-erythrocyte non-protein-bound iron (P-NPBI and IE-NPBI, respectively), and plasma F2-isoprostane (F2-IsoP) assays.ResultsSignificant prevalence of obstructive apneas with values of AHI > 15 was present in 69.7% of the population with RTT. The group with SA showed significantly increased AHI values > 15 (p = 0.0032), total breath holding episodes (p = 0.007), and average SpO2 (p = 0.0001) as well as lower nadir SpO2 (p = 0.0004) compared with the patients with WAs. The subgroups of patients with WA and SA showed no significant differences in arterial blood gas analysis variables (p > 0.089). Decreased mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) (p = 0.038) was observed in the group with WAs. P-NPBI levels were significantly higher in the group with WA than in that with SAs (p = 0.0001). Stepwise multiple linear regression models showed WA being related to nadir SpO2, average SpO2, and P-NPBI (adjusted R2 = 0.613, multiple correlation coefficient = 0.795 p < 0.0001), and P-NPBI being related to average SpO2, blood PaCO2, red blood cell mean corpuscular volume (MCV), age, and topiramate treatment (adjusted R2 = 0.551, multiple correlation coefficient = 0.765, p < 0.0001).ConclusionOur findings indicate that the impact of apneas in RTT is uneven according to the sleep-wakefulness cycle, and that plasma redox active iron represents a potential novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Leoncini
- Rett Syndrome Trial Center, Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Lidia Boasiako
- Rett Syndrome Trial Center, Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Valeria Scandurra
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Joussef Hayek
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Lucia Ciccoli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marcello Rossi
- Respiratory Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Roberto Canitano
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Claudio De Felice
- Rett Syndrome Trial Center, Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
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Cavezzi A, Menicagli R, Troiani E, Corrao S. COVID-19, Cation Dysmetabolism, Sialic Acid, CD147, ACE2, Viroporins, Hepcidin and Ferroptosis: A Possible Unifying Hypothesis. F1000Res 2022; 11:102. [PMID: 35340277 PMCID: PMC8921693 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.108667.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: iron and calcium dysmetabolism, with hyperferritinemia, hypoferremia, hypocalcemia and anemia have been documented in the majority of COVID-19 patients at later/worse stages. Furthermore, complementary to ACE2, both sialic acid (SA) molecules and CD147 proved relevant host receptors for SARS-CoV-2 entry, which explains the viral attack to multiple types of cells, including erythrocytes, endothelium and neural tissue. Several authors advocated that cell ferroptosis may be the core and final cell degenerative mechanism. Methods: a literature research was performed in several scientific search engines, such as PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, Chemical Abstract Service. More than 500 articles were retrieved until mid-December 2021, to highlight the available evidence about the investigated issues. Results: based on COVID-19 literature data, we have highlighted a few pathophysiological mechanisms, associated with virus-based cation dysmetabolism, multi-organ attack, mitochondria degeneration and ferroptosis. Our suggested elucidated pathological sequence is: a) spike protein subunit S1 docking with sialylated membrane glycoproteins/receptors (ACE2, CD147), and S2 subunit fusion with the lipid layer; b) cell membrane morpho-functional changes due to the consequent electro-chemical variations and viroporin action, which induce an altered ion channel function and intracellular cation accumulation; c) additional intracellular iron concentration due to a deregulated hepcidin-ferroportin axis, with higher hepcidin levels. Viral invasion may also affect erythrocytes/erythroid precursors, endothelial cells and macrophages, through SA and CD147 receptors, with relative hemoglobin and iron/calcium dysmetabolism. AB0 blood group, hemochromatosis, or environmental elements may represent possible factors which affect individual susceptibility to COVID-19. Conclusions: our literature analysis confirms the combined role of SA molecules, ACE2, CD147, viroporins and hepcidin in determining the cation dysmetabolism and final ferroptosis in the cells infected by SARS-CoV-2. The altered ion channels and electrochemical gradients of the cell membrane have a pivotal role in the virus entry and cell dysmetabolism, with subsequent multi-organ immune-inflammatory degeneration and erythrocyte/hemoglobin alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attilio Cavezzi
- Eurocenter Venalinfa, San Benedetto del Tronto, AP, 63074, Italy
| | | | - Emidio Troiani
- Cardiology Unit, Social Security Institute, State Hospital, Cailungo, 47893, San Marino
| | - Salvatore Corrao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine Division,, ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli Hospital Trust, Palermo, Italy
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Upreti D, Ishiguro S, Robben N, Nakashima A, Suzuki K, Comer J, Tamura M. Oral Administration of Water Extract from Euglena gracilis Alters the Intestinal Microbiota and Prevents Lung Carcinoma Growth in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030678. [PMID: 35277036 PMCID: PMC8839094 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The antitumor effects of a partially purified water extract from Euglena gracilis (EWE) and EWE treated by boiling (bEWE) were evaluated using orthotopic lung cancer syngeneic mouse models with Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. Daily oral administration of either EWE or bEWE started three weeks prior to the inoculation of LLC cells significantly attenuated tumor growth as compared to the phosphate buffered saline (PBS) control, and the attenuation was further enhanced by bEWE. The intestinal microbiota compositions in both extract-treated groups were more diverse than that in the PBS group. Particularly, a decrease in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and significant increases in Akkermansia and Muribaculum were observed in two types of EWE-treated groups. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) using bEWE-treated mouse feces attenuated tumor growth to an extent equivalent to bEWE treatment, while tumor growth attenuation by bEWE was abolished by treatment with an antibiotic cocktail. These studies strongly suggest that daily oral administration of partially purified water extracts from Euglena gracilis attenuates lung carcinoma growth via the alteration of the intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Upreti
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (D.U.); (S.I.); (N.R.); (J.C.)
| | - Susumu Ishiguro
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (D.U.); (S.I.); (N.R.); (J.C.)
| | - Nicole Robben
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (D.U.); (S.I.); (N.R.); (J.C.)
| | - Ayaka Nakashima
- Euglena Co., Ltd., Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0014, Japan; (A.N.); (K.S.)
| | - Kengo Suzuki
- Euglena Co., Ltd., Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0014, Japan; (A.N.); (K.S.)
| | - Jeffrey Comer
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (D.U.); (S.I.); (N.R.); (J.C.)
| | - Masaaki Tamura
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (D.U.); (S.I.); (N.R.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(785)-532-4825; Fax: +1-(785)-532-4557
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27
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From iron to bacterial electroconductive filaments: Exploring cytochrome diversity using Geobacter bacteria. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Wang H, Kurniansyah N, Cade BE, Goodman MO, Chen H, Gottlieb DJ, Gharib SA, Purcell SM, Lin X, Saxena R, Zhu X, Durda P, Tracy R, Liu Y, Taylor KD, Johnson WC, Gabriel S, Smith JD, Aguet F, Ardlie K, Blackwell T, Reiner AP, Rotter JI, Rich SS, Redline S, Sofer T. Upregulated heme biosynthesis increases obstructive sleep apnea severity: a pathway-based Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1472. [PMID: 35087136 PMCID: PMC8795126 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Iron and heme metabolism, implicated in ventilatory control and OSA comorbidities, was associated with OSA phenotypes in recent admixture mapping and gene enrichment analyses. However, its causal contribution was unclear. In this study, we performed pathway-level transcriptional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationships between iron and heme related pathways and OSA. In primary analysis, we examined the expression level of four iron/heme Reactome pathways as exposures and four OSA traits as outcomes using cross-tissue cis-eQTLs from the Genotype-Tissue Expression portal and published genome-wide summary statistics of OSA. We identify a significant putative causal association between up-regulated heme biosynthesis pathway with higher sleep time percentage of hypoxemia (p = 6.14 × 10-3). This association is supported by consistency of point estimates in one-sample MR in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis using high coverage DNA and RNA sequencing data generated by the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine project. Secondary analysis for 37 additional iron/heme Gene Ontology pathways did not reveal any significant causal associations. This study suggests a causal association between increased heme biosynthesis and OSA severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heming Wang
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave BLI 252, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Nuzulul Kurniansyah
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave BLI 252, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Brian E Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave BLI 252, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Matthew O Goodman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave BLI 252, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- School of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Precision Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Daniel J Gottlieb
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave BLI 252, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Department of Medicine, Computational Medicine Core, Center for Lung Biology, UW Medicine Sleep Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shaun M Purcell
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave BLI 252, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xihong Lin
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Richa Saxena
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave BLI 252, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Genomic Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Peter Durda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05446, USA
| | - Russel Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05446, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Divisions of Cardiology and Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - W Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Stacey Gabriel
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Joshua D Smith
- Northwest Genomic Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - François Aguet
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Kirstin Ardlie
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Tom Blackwell
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alexander P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave BLI 252, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave BLI 252, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Maniam P, Essilfie AT, Kalimutho M, Ling D, Frazer DM, Phipps S, Anderson GJ, Reid DW. Increased susceptibility of cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells to ferroptosis. Biol Res 2021; 54:38. [PMID: 34903297 PMCID: PMC8670191 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-021-00361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defective chloride transport in airway epithelial cells (AECs) and the associated lung disease are the main causes of morbidity and early mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF). Abnormal airway iron homeostasis and the presence of lipid peroxidation products, indicative of oxidative stress, are features of CF lung disease. RESULTS Here, we report that CF AECs (IB3-1) are susceptible to ferroptosis, a type of cell death associated with iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Compared to isogenic CFTR corrected cells (C38), the IB3-1 cells showed increased susceptibility to cell death upon exposure to iron in the form of ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) and the ferroptosis inducer, erastin. This phenotype was accompanied by accumulation of intracellular ferrous iron and lipid peroxides and the extracellular release of malondialdehyde, all indicative of redox stress, and increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase in the culture supernatant, indicating enhanced cell injury. The ferric iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) and the lipophilic antioxidant ferrostatin-1 inhibited FAC and erastin induced ferroptosis in IB3-1 cells. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression was decreased in IB3-1 cells treated with FAC and erastin, but was unchanged in C38 AECs. Necroptosis appeared to be involved in the enhanced susceptibility of IB3-1 AECs to ferroptosis, as evidenced by partial cell death rescue with necroptosis inhibitors and enhanced mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) localisation to the plasma membrane. CONCLUSION These studies suggest that the increased susceptibility of CF AECs to ferroptosis is linked to abnormal intracellular ferrous iron accumulation and reduced antioxidant defences. In addition, the process of ferroptotic cell death in CF AECs does not appear to be a single entity and for the first time we describe necroptosis as a potential contributory factor. Iron chelation and antioxidant treatments may be promising therapeutic interventions in cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramila Maniam
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ama-Tawiah Essilfie
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Murugan Kalimutho
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dora Ling
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David M Frazer
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Simon Phipps
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gregory J Anderson
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - David W Reid
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia.
- Lung Inflammation and Infection Laboratory, Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, 4003, Australia.
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30
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Mancilha EMB, Oliveira JSRD. SARS-CoV-2 association with hemoglobin and iron metabolism. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2021; 67:1349-1352. [PMID: 34816933 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20210555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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31
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Guardado S, Ojeda-Juárez D, Kaul M, Nordgren TM. Comprehensive review of lipocalin 2-mediated effects in lung inflammation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L726-L733. [PMID: 34468208 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00080.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an inflammatory mediator best known for its role as an innate acute-phase protein. LCN2 mediates the innate immune response to pathogens by sequestering iron, thereby inhibiting pathogen growth. Although LCN2 and its bacteriostatic properties are well studied, other LCN2 functions in the immune response to inflammatory stimuli are less well understood, such as its role as a chemoattractant and involvement in the regulation of cell migration and apoptosis. In the lungs, most studies thus far investigating the role of LCN2 in the immune response have looked at pathogenic inflammatory stimuli. Here, we compile data that explore the role of LCN2 in the immune response to various inflammatory stimuli in an effort to differentiate between protective versus detrimental roles of LCN2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Guardado
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, California
| | - Daniel Ojeda-Juárez
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, California
| | - Marcus Kaul
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, California
| | - Tara M Nordgren
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, California
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32
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Gozzi-Silva SC, Teixeira FME, Duarte AJDS, Sato MN, Oliveira LDM. Immunomodulatory Role of Nutrients: How Can Pulmonary Dysfunctions Improve? Front Nutr 2021; 8:674258. [PMID: 34557509 PMCID: PMC8453008 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.674258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is an important tool that can be used to modulate the immune response during infectious diseases. In addition, through diet, important substrates are acquired for the biosynthesis of regulatory molecules in the immune response, influencing the progression and treatment of chronic lung diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this way, nutrition can promote lung health status. A range of nutrients, such as vitamins (A, C, D, and E), minerals (zinc, selenium, iron, and magnesium), flavonoids and fatty acids, play important roles in reducing the risk of pulmonary chronic diseases and viral infections. Through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, nutrients are associated with better lung function and a lower risk of complications since they can decrease the harmful effects from the immune system during the inflammatory response. In addition, bioactive compounds can even contribute to epigenetic changes, including histone deacetylase (HDAC) modifications that inhibit the transcription of proinflammatory cytokines, which can contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis in the context of infections and chronic inflammatory diseases. These nutrients also play an important role in activating immune responses against pathogens, which can help the immune system during infections. Here, we provide an updated overview of the roles played by dietary factors and how they can affect respiratory health. Therefore, we will show the anti-inflammatory role of flavonoids, fatty acids, vitamins and microbiota, important for the control of chronic inflammatory diseases and allergies, in addition to the antiviral role of vitamins, flavonoids, and minerals during pulmonary viral infections, addressing the mechanisms involved in each function. These mechanisms are interesting in the discussion of perspectives associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and its pulmonary complications since patients with severe disease have vitamins deficiency, especially vitamin D. In addition, researches with the use of flavonoids have been shown to decrease viral replication in vitro. This way, a full understanding of dietary influences can improve the lung health of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cristina Gozzi-Silva
- Laboratório de Dermatologia e Imunodeficiências (LIM-56), Departamento de Dermatologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - FMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Franciane Mouradian Emidio Teixeira
- Laboratório de Dermatologia e Imunodeficiências (LIM-56), Departamento de Dermatologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - FMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Notomi Sato
- Laboratório de Dermatologia e Imunodeficiências (LIM-56), Departamento de Dermatologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - FMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana de Mendonça Oliveira
- Laboratório de Dermatologia e Imunodeficiências (LIM-56), Departamento de Dermatologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - FMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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33
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Md Yusop AH, Ulum MF, Al Sakkaf A, Hartanto D, Nur H. Insight into the bioabsorption of Fe-based materials and their current developments in bone applications. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2100255. [PMID: 34520117 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) and Fe-based materials have been vigorously explored in orthopedic applications in the past decade mainly owing to their promising mechanical properties including high yield strength, elastic modulus and ductility. Nevertheless, their corrosion products and low corrosion kinetics are the major concerns that need to be improved further despite their appealing mechanical strengths. The current studies on porous Fe-based scaffolds show an improved corrosion rate but the in vitro biocompatibility is still problematic in general. Unlike the Mg implants, the biodegradation and bioabsorption of Fe-based implants are still not well described. This vague issue could implicate the development of Fe-based materials as potential medical implants as they have not reached the clinical trial stage yet. Thus, there is a need to understand in-depth the Fe corrosion behavior and its bioabsorption mechanism to facilitate the material design of Fe-based scaffolds and further improve its biocompatibility. This manuscript provides an important insight into the basic bioabsorption of the multi-ranged Fe-based corrosion products with a review of the latest progress on the corrosion & in vitro biocompatibility of porous Fe-based scaffolds together with the remaining challenges and the perspective on the future direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hakim Md Yusop
- Center for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | - Ahmed Al Sakkaf
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Djoko Hartanto
- Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Hadi Nur
- Center for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.,Center of Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy (CAMRY), Universiti Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
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34
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Girelli D, Marchi G, Busti F, Vianello A. Iron metabolism in infections: Focus on COVID-19. Semin Hematol 2021; 58:182-187. [PMID: 34389110 PMCID: PMC8305218 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Iron is a micronutrient essential for a wide range of metabolic processes in virtually all living organisms. During infections, a battle for iron takes place between the human host and the invading pathogens. The liver peptide hepcidin, which is phylogenetically and structurally linked to defensins (antimicrobial peptides of the innate immunity), plays a pivotal role by subtracting iron to pathogens through its sequestration into host cells, mainly macrophages. While this phenomenon is well studied in certain bacterial infections, much less is known regarding viral infections. Iron metabolism also has implications on the functionality of cells of the immune system. Once primed by the contact with antigen presenting cells, lymphocytes need iron to sustain the metabolic burst required for mounting an effective cellular and humoral response. The COVID-19 pandemic has boosted an amount of clinical and translational research over the possible influences of nutrients on SARS-CoV-2 infection, in terms of either susceptibility or clinical course. Here we review the intersections between iron metabolism and COVID-19, belonging to the wider domain of the so-called “nutritional immunity”. A better understanding of such connections has potential broad implications, either from a mechanistic standpoint, or for the development of more effective strategies for managing COVID-19 and possible future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Girelli
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Euro Blood Net Referral Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Marchi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Euro Blood Net Referral Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Italy
| | - Fabiana Busti
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Euro Blood Net Referral Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Italy
| | - Alice Vianello
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Euro Blood Net Referral Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Italy
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35
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Córdoba-Adaya JC, Oros-Pantoja R, Torres-García E, Morales-Ávila E, Aranda-Lara L, Santillán-Benítez JG, Hernández-Herrera NO, Otero G, Isaac-Olivé K. Evaluation of doxorubicin-induced early multi-organ toxicity in male CD1 mice by biodistribution of 18F-FDG and 67Ga-citrate. Pilot study. Toxicol Mech Methods 2021; 31:546-558. [PMID: 34057017 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1937420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The search for methods that identify early toxicity, induced by chemotherapy, is urgent. Changes in the biodistribution of radiopharmaceuticals could give information on early toxicity. Ten-week-old CD1 male mice were divided into four groups. Two groups were administered a weekly dose of 5 mg/kg of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) for 5 weeks and the control groups were administered saline solution. One week after the end of treatment, the biodistribution of 18F-FDG and 67Ga-citrate were carried out, as was the quantification of plasma enzymes CK, CK-MB, LDH and AST. All enzymes were higher in the treated animals, but only significant (p < 0.05) in the case of CK-MB. 18F-FDG uptake increased in all organs of treated animals except retroperitoneal fat, being significant in spleen, brain, heart, liver, lung, kidney, and inguinal fat. 67Ga-citrate had a more complex pattern. The uptake in the DOX group was higher in spleen, lung, kidney, testes, and gonadal fat, it did not change in brain, heart, and liver, and it was lower in the rest of the organs. It only showed significant differences in lung and pancreas. A thorough discussion of the possible causes that produced the change in biodistributions of both radiopharmaceuticals is included. The pilot study showed that both radiopharmaceuticals could identify early multi-organ toxicity induced by DOX. Although 18F-FDG seems to be better, 67Ga-citrato should not be ruled out a priori. The detection of early toxicity would serve to adopt treatments that prevent its progression, thus improving patient's quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio César Córdoba-Adaya
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Teranóstica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Rigoberto Oros-Pantoja
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Teranóstica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Eugenio Torres-García
- Laboratorio de Dosimetría y Simulación Monte Carlo, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Enrique Morales-Ávila
- Laboratorio de Farmacia y Toxicología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Liliana Aranda-Lara
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Teranóstica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Jonnathan G Santillán-Benítez
- Laboratorio de Farmacia y Toxicología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
| | | | - Gloria Otero
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Teranóstica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Keila Isaac-Olivé
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Teranóstica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico
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36
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Metal Ion Release from Engineered Stone Dust in Artificial Lysosomal Fluid-Variation with Time and Stone Type. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126391. [PMID: 34204842 PMCID: PMC8296209 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Inhalational exposure to dust from engineered stone (ES), also known as artificial or composite stone, is associated with a specific disease profile, namely accelerated silicosis, and scleroderma. The pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood, particularly the role of resin and metal ions. Metal ions are present in pigments and constituent minerals and may be considered potential contributors to toxicity. The aim of this preliminary study was to understand the solubility of ES-containing metals in artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF) simulating the acidic intracellular environment of the lung macrophage lysosome. Differences with respect to ES types and temporal release were explored. Ten ES products of variable colour and company origin were comminuted and assessed for four different metals, solubilized into ALF solutions at 1,2,4 and 8 weeks at 37 °C. There was significant variability in metal release, particularly with regard to iron and manganese, which could be correlated with the reflected brightness of the stone. A majority of the available Mn, Fe, Al and Ti was solubilized. Time trends for metal release varied with ES type but also with metal ion. The data suggest a high metal ion bioavailability once engulfed by lung macrophages. There is a need to investigate a wider range of ES dust and relate metal content to markers of ES toxicity.
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37
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Zacchi P, Belmonte B, Mangogna A, Morello G, Scola L, Martorana A, Borelli V. The Ferroxidase Hephaestin in Lung Cancer: Pathological Significance and Prognostic Value. Front Oncol 2021; 11:638856. [PMID: 34094919 PMCID: PMC8170403 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.638856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hephaestin (HEPH) belongs to a group of exocytoplasmic ferroxidases which contribute to cellular iron homeostasis by favouring its export. Down-regulation of HEPH expression, possibly by stimulating cell proliferation due to an increase in iron availability, has shown to correlate with poor survival in breast cancer. The lung is particularly sensitive to iron-induced oxidative stress, given the high oxygen tension present, however, HEPH distribution in lung cancer and its influence on prognosis have not been investigated yet. In this study we explored the prognostic value of HEPH and its expression pattern in the most prevalent histotypes of lung cancers, namely lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma. In silico analyses, based on UALCAN, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and Kaplan–Meier plotter bioinformatics, revealed a significant correlation between higher levels of HEPH expression and favorable prognosis, in both cancer histotypes. Moreover, TIMER web platform showed a statistically significant association between HEPH expression and cell elements belonging to the tumor microenvironment identified as endothelial cells and a subpopulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts, further confirmed by double immunohistochemical labeling with cell type specific markers. Taken together, these data shed a light on the complex mechanisms of local iron handling lung cancer can exploit to support tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Zacchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Beatrice Belmonte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mangogna
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gaia Morello
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Letizia Scola
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Martorana
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Violetta Borelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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38
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Forte G, Bocca B, Pisano A, Collu C, Farace C, Sabalic A, Senofonte M, Fois AG, Mazzarello VL, Pirina P, Madeddu R. The levels of trace elements in sputum as biomarkers for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129514. [PMID: 33434828 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare lung disease that quickly leads to death. This paper addressed the issue of whether the levels of trace elements in sputum samples are suitable biomarkers for IPF disease. The sputum Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations were measured by sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in populations sampled in Sardinia Island (Italy) including 31 patients with IPF, 31 patients with other lung-related diseases and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Risk factors in the disease as gender, age, severity and duration of the disease were assessed. Results showed that IPF patients had significantly increased sputum levels of Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb respect to controls. In males, but not in females, sputum levels of Cd, Cr and Cu were significantly higher in IPF cases respect to controls. In addition, Cr and Pb were increased in male patients with IPF compared to male patients with other lung diseases. Regarding Zn, it was found higher with the more serious stage of disease. Moreover, the ratios Cu/Zn, Fe/Mn and Cu/Mn were significantly increased in IPF patients and in non-IPF patients than in control subjects. These data showed clear increases in the concentration of some trace elements in sputum from patients with IPF and patients with other lung-related diseases that may contribute to the injury. The non-invasiveness of the sputum analysis is beneficial for its use as biomarker of trace element status in diseased patients for both the researcher and the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Forte
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Bocca
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Pisano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Claudia Collu
- Department of Clinical, Surgical & Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Cristiano Farace
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Angela Sabalic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marta Senofonte
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Pietro Pirina
- Department of Clinical, Surgical & Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberto Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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39
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Sangani R, Rojas E, Forte M, Zulfikar R, Prince N, Tasoglou A, Goldsmith T, Casuccio G, Boyd J, Olfert IM, Flanagan M, Sharma S. Electronic Cigarettes and Vaping-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI): A Rural Appalachian Experience. Hosp Pract (1995) 2021; 49:79-87. [PMID: 33136442 PMCID: PMC8371980 DOI: 10.1080/21548331.2020.1843282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Electronic cigarette use has increased dramatically since their introduction in 2007. Respiratory complications, particularly lipoid pneumonia, have been reported as early as 2012. An outbreak of pulmonary injury in 2019 has been reported in patients using vaping products.Research Question: To describe a rural Appalachian tertiary center's experience of EVALI and to identify novel mechanisms of pulmonary injury patterns.Study Design and Methods: We present a consecutive case series of 17 patients admitted to our rural, academic, tertiary care institution with EVALI from August 2019 to March 2020. Demographics, baseline characteristics, co-morbidities, vaping behavior, and hospital course were recorded. Broncho-alveolar lavage specimens were assessed for lipid-laden macrophages and hemosiderin-laden macrophages with stains for Oil-Red-O (n = 15) and Prussian Blue (n = 14) respectively.The patient volunteered e-liquid materials (n = 6), and vapors were analyzed using a proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) to describe the chemical profile. Post-discharge interviews were conducted.Results: The most common CT finding was bilateral ground-glass opacities with a predilection for lower lung zones. The most frequent pulmonary injury pattern was lipoid pneumonia. The majority of EVALI patients were critically ill requiring ventilation or ECMO. The most severely ill patients were noted to be positive for iron stains in macrophages and showed higher volatile organic compound (VOC) levels in chemical analysis.Interpretation: Based on our experience, EVALI in rural Appalachia presented with relatively severe respiratory failure. Worse outcomes appear to be correlated to high levels of VOCs, iron deposition in lungs, and concomitant infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Sangani
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Edward Rojas
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Michael Forte
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Rafia Zulfikar
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Nicole Prince
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Travis Goldsmith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Boyd
- Department of Orthopedics, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Occupational and Environmental Health, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center of Inhalation Toxicology (Itox, WVU Robert C. Byrd Health Science Center, Morgantown, USA
| | - I. Mark Olfert
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center of Inhalation Toxicology (Itox, WVU Robert C. Byrd Health Science Center, Morgantown, USA
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, USA
| | - Melina Flanagan
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
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40
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Dimiza F, Hatzidimitriou AG, Sanakis Y, Papadopoulos AN, Psomas G. Trinuclear and tetranuclear iron(III) complexes with fenamates: Structure and biological profile. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 218:111410. [PMID: 33721718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of FeCl3 with the fenamate non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has led to the formation and isolation of trinuclear iron(III) complexes, while in the presence of the nitrogen-donors 2,2'-bipyridine or pyridine tetranuclear iron(III) complexes were derived. The five resultant complexes were characterized by diverse techniques (including infrared, electronic and Mössbauer spectroscopy) and their crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. These complexes are the first structurally characterized Fe(III)-fenamato complexes. The complexes were evaluated for their ability to scavenge in vitro free radicals such as hydroxyl, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2΄-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid). The in vitro binding affinity of the complexes to calf-thymus (CT) DNA was examined and their interaction with serum albumins was also investigated. In total, the complexes present promising activity against the radicals tested, and they may bind tightly to CT DNA possibly via intercalation and reversibly to serum albumins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filitsa Dimiza
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonios G Hatzidimitriou
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Yiannis Sanakis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Ag. Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | - Athanasios N Papadopoulos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Sindos, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Psomas
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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41
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Willie CK, Patrician A, Hoiland RL, Williams AM, Gasho C, Subedi P, Anholm J, Drane A, Tymko MM, Nowak-Flück D, Plato S, McBride E, Varoli G, Binsted G, Eller LK, Reimer RA, MacLeod DB, Stembridge M, Ainslie PN. Influence of iron manipulation on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary reactivity during ascent and acclimatization to 5050 m. J Physiol 2021; 599:1685-1708. [PMID: 33442904 DOI: 10.1113/jp281114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Iron acts as a cofactor in the stabilization of the hypoxic-inducible factor family, and plays an influential role in the modulation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. It is uncertain whether iron regulation is altered in lowlanders during either (1) ascent to high altitude, or (2) following partial acclimatization, when compared to high-altitude adapted Sherpa. During ascent to 5050 m, the rise in pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was blunted in Sherpa, compared to lowlanders; however, upon arrival to 5050 m, PASP levels were comparable in both groups, but the reduction in iron bioavailability was more prevalent in lowlanders compared to Sherpa. Following partial acclimatization to 5050 m, there were differential influences of iron status manipulation (via iron infusion or chelation) at rest and during exercise between lowlanders and Sherpa on the pulmonary vasculature. ABSTRACT To examine the adaptational role of iron bioavailability on the pulmonary vascular responses to acute and chronic hypobaric hypoxia, the haematological and cardiopulmonary profile of lowlanders and Sherpa were determined during: (1) a 9-day ascent to 5050 m (20 lowlanders; 12 Sherpa), and (2) following partial acclimatization (11 ± 4 days) to 5050 m (18 lowlanders; 20 Sherpa), where both groups received an i.v. infusion of either iron (iron (iii)-hydroxide sucrose) or an iron chelator (desferrioxamine). During ascent, there were reductions in iron status in both lowlanders and Sherpa; however, Sherpa appeared to demonstrate a more efficient capacity to mobilize stored iron, compared to lowlanders, when expressed as a Δhepcidin per unit change in either body iron or the soluble transferrin receptor index, between 3400-5050 m (P = 0.016 and P = 0.029, respectively). The rise in pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was blunted in Sherpa, compared to lowlanders during ascent; however, PASP was comparable in both groups upon arrival to 5050 m. Following partial acclimatization, despite Sherpa demonstrating a blunted hypoxic ventilatory response and greater resting hypoxaemia, they had similar hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction when compared to lowlanders at rest. Iron-infusion attenuated PASP in both groups at rest (P = 0.005), while chelation did not exaggerate PASP in either group at rest or during exaggerated hypoxaemia ( P I O 2 = 67 mmHg). During exercise at 25% peak wattage, PASP was only consistently elevated in Sherpa, which persisted following both iron infusion or chelation. These findings provide new evidence on the complex interplay of iron regulation on pulmonary vascular regulation during acclimatization and adaptation to high altitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher K Willie
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alexander Patrician
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ryan L Hoiland
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Anaesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alexandra M Williams
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher Gasho
- Pulmonary/Critical Care Section, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Prajan Subedi
- Pulmonary/Critical Care Section, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - James Anholm
- Pulmonary/Critical Care Section, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Aimee Drane
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael M Tymko
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.,Neurovascular Health Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Daniela Nowak-Flück
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sawyer Plato
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Emily McBride
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Giovanfrancesco Varoli
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gordon Binsted
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lindsay K Eller
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Raylene A Reimer
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - David B MacLeod
- Human Pharmacology & Physiology Lab, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael Stembridge
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Philip N Ainslie
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
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42
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Marques O, Neves J, Horvat NK, Altamura S, Muckenthaler MU. Mild Attenuation of the Pulmonary Inflammatory Response in a Mouse Model of Hereditary Hemochromatosis Type 4. Front Physiol 2021; 11:589351. [PMID: 33519502 PMCID: PMC7838636 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.589351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The respiratory tract is constantly exposed to pathogens that require iron for proliferation and virulence. Pulmonary iron levels are increased in several lung diseases and associated with increased susceptibility to infections. However, regulation of lung iron homeostasis and its cross talk to pulmonary immune responses are largely unexplored. Here we investigated how increased lung iron levels affect the early pulmonary inflammatory response. We induced acute local pulmonary inflammation via aerosolized LPS in a mouse model of hereditary hemochromatosis type 4 (Slc40a1 C326S/C326S), which is hallmarked by systemic and pulmonary iron accumulation, specifically in alveolar macrophages. We show that Slc40a1 C326S/C326S mice display a mild attenuation in the LPS-induced pulmonary inflammatory response, with a reduced upregulation of some pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Despite mildly reduced cytokine levels, there is no short-term impairment in the recruitment of neutrophils into the bronchoalveolar space. These data suggest that increased pulmonary iron levels do not strongly alter the acute inflammatory response of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Marques
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joana Neves
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Natalie K Horvat
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandro Altamura
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina U Muckenthaler
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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43
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Detopoulou P, Demopoulos CA, Antonopoulou S. Micronutrients, Phytochemicals and Mediterranean Diet: A Potential Protective Role against COVID-19 through Modulation of PAF Actions and Metabolism. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020462. [PMID: 33573169 PMCID: PMC7911163 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an emerging situation with high rates of morbidity and mortality, in the pathophysiology of which inflammation and thrombosis are implicated. The disease is directly connected to the nutritional status of patients and a well-balanced diet is recommended by official sources. Recently, the role of platelet activating factor (PAF) was suggested in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. In the present review several micronutrients (vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, selenium, omega-3 fatty acids, and minerals), phytochemicals and Mediterranean diet compounds with potential anti-COVID activity are presented. We further underline that the well-known anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic actions of the investigated nutrients and/or holistic dietary schemes, such as the Mediterranean diet, are also mediated through PAF. In conclusion, there is no single food to prevent coronavirus Although the relationship between PAF and COVID-19 is not robust, a healthy diet containing PAF inhibitors may target both inflammation and thrombosis and prevent the deleterious effects of COVID-19. The next step is the experimental confirmation or not of the PAF-COVID-19 hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Detopoulou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, General Hospital Korgialenio Benakio, 11526 Athens, Greece;
| | - Constantinos A. Demopoulos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 16121 Athens, Greece;
| | - Smaragdi Antonopoulou
- Laboratory of Biology, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-954-9230; Fax: +30-210-957-7050
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44
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Zhang V, Nemeth E, Kim A. Lung Iron Overload Does Not Exacerbate the Fibrotic Response to Bleomycin in a Mouse Model of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:713-716. [PMID: 33124901 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0192le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vida Zhang
- University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Airie Kim
- University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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45
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Effects of corticosteroids on COPD lung macrophage phenotype and function. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:751-763. [PMID: 32227160 DOI: 10.1042/cs20191202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The numbers of macrophages are increased in the lungs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. COPD lung macrophages have reduced ability to phagocytose microbes and efferocytose apoptotic cells. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are widely used anti-inflammatory drugs in COPD; however, their role beyond suppression of cytokine release has not been explored in COPD macrophages. We have examined the effects of corticosteroids on COPD lung macrophage phenotype and function. Lung macrophages from controls and COPD patients were treated with corticosteroids; effects on gene and protein expression of CD163, CD164, CD206, MERTK, CD64, CD80 and CD86 were studied. We also examined the effect of corticosteroids on the function of CD163, MERTK and cluster of differentiation 64 (CD64). Corticosteroid increased CD163, CD164, CD206 and MERTK expression and reduced CD64, CD80 and CD86 expression. We also observed an increase in the uptake of the haemoglobin-haptoglobin complex (CD163) from 59 up to 81% and an increase in efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils (MERTK) from 15 up to 28% following corticosteroid treatment. We observed no effect on bacterial phagocytosis. Corticosteroids alter the phenotype and function of COPD lung macrophages. Our findings suggest mechanisms by which corticosteroids exert therapeutic benefit in COPD, reducing iron available for bacterial growth and enhancing efferocytosis.
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46
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Cheah IK, Halliwell B. Could Ergothioneine Aid in the Treatment of Coronavirus Patients? Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E595. [PMID: 32646061 PMCID: PMC7402156 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes the coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19), a pandemic that has, at present, infected more than 11 million people globally. Some COVID-19 patients develop a severe and critical illness, spurred on by excessive inflammation that can lead to respiratory or multiorgan failure. Numerous studies have established the unique array of cytoprotective properties of the dietary amino acid ergothioneine. Based on studies in a range of in vitro and in vivo models, ergothioneine has exhibited the ability to modulate inflammation, scavenge free radicals, protect against acute respiratory distress syndrome, prevent endothelial dysfunction, protect against ischemia and reperfusion injury, protect against neuronal damage, counteract iron dysregulation, hinder lung and liver fibrosis, and mitigate damage to the lungs, kidneys, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and testis, amongst many others. When compiled, this evidence suggests that ergothioneine has a potential application in the treatment of the underlying pathology of COVID-19. We propose that ergothioneine could be used as a therapeutic to reduce the severity and mortality of COVID-19, especially in the elderly and those with underlying health conditions. This review presents evidence to support that proposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irwin K. Cheah
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore;
- Life Science Institute, Neurobiology Programme, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Barry Halliwell
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore;
- Life Science Institute, Neurobiology Programme, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
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47
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Cavezzi A, Troiani E, Corrao S. COVID-19: hemoglobin, iron, and hypoxia beyond inflammation. A narrative review. Clin Pract 2020; 10:1271. [PMID: 32509258 PMCID: PMC7267810 DOI: 10.4081/cp.2020.1271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has been regarded as an infective-inflammatory disease, which affects mainly lungs. More recently, a multi-organ involvement has been highlighted, with different pathways of injury. A hemoglobinopathy, hypoxia and cell iron overload might have a possible additional role. Scientific literature has pointed out two potential pathophysiological mechanisms: i) severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV- 2) interaction with hemoglobin molecule, through CD147, CD26 and other receptors located on erythrocyte and/or blood cell precursors; ii) hepcidin-mimetic action of a viral spike protein, inducing ferroportin blockage. In this translational medicinebased narrative review, the following pathologic metabolic pathways, deriving from hemoglobin denaturation and iron metabolism dysregulation, are highlighted: i) decrease of functioning hemoglobin quote; ii) iron overload in cell/tissue (hyperferritinemia); iii) release of free toxic circulating heme; iv) hypoxemia and systemic hypoxia; v) reduction of nitric oxide; vi) coagulation activation; vii) ferroptosis with oxidative stress and lipoperoxidation; viii) mitochondrial degeneration and apoptosis. A few clinical syndromes may follow, such as pulmonary edema based on arterial vasoconstriction and altered alveolo-capillary barrier, sideroblastic-like anemia, endotheliitis, vasospastic acrosyndrome, and arterio- venous thromboembolism. We speculated that in COVID-19, beyond the classical pulmonary immune-inflammation view, the occurrence of an oxygen-deprived blood disease, with iron metabolism dysregulation, should be taken in consideration. A more comprehensive diagnostic/therapeutic approach to COVID-19 is proposed, including potential adjuvant interventions aimed at improving hemoglobin dysfunction, iron over-deposit and generalized hypoxic state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emidio Troiani
- Primary Care and Territorial Health Unit, Social Security Institute, Cailungo, Republic of San Marino
| | - Salvatore Corrao
- ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli Hospital Trust, Palermo; PROMISE Department, University of Palermo School of Medicine, Palermo, Italy
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48
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Iron as Therapeutic Target in Human Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12040178. [PMID: 31817314 PMCID: PMC6958491 DOI: 10.3390/ph12040178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential for almost all organisms, being involved in oxygen transport, DNA synthesis, and respiration; however, it is also potentially toxic via the formation of free radicals [...].
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49
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Guldiken N, Hamesch K, Schuller SM, Aly M, Lindhauer C, Schneider CV, Fromme M, Trautwein C, Strnad P. Mild Iron Overload as Seen in Individuals Homozygous for the Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Pi*Z Variant Does Not Promote Liver Fibrogenesis in HFE Knockout Mice. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111415. [PMID: 31717526 PMCID: PMC6912453 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of the homozygous 'Pi*Z' variant of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) ('Pi*ZZ' genotype) predisposes to liver fibrosis development, but the role of iron metabolism in this process remains unknown. Therefore, we assessed iron metabolism and variants in the Homeostatic Iron Regulator gene (HFE) as the major cause of hereditary iron overload in a large cohort of Pi*ZZ subjects without liver comorbidities. The human cohort comprised of 409 Pi*ZZ individuals and 254 subjects without evidence of an AAT mutation who were recruited from ten European countries. All underwent a comprehensive work-up and transient elastography to determine liver stiffness measurements (LSM). The corresponding mouse models (Pi*Z overexpressors, HFE knockouts, and double transgenic [DTg] mice) were used to evaluate the impact of mild iron overload on Pi*Z-induced liver injury. Compared to Pi*Z non-carriers, Pi*ZZ individuals had elevated serum iron, transferrin saturation, and ferritin levels, but relevant iron overload was rare. All these parameters were higher in individuals with signs of significant liver fibrosis (LSM ≥ 7.1 kPa) compared to those without signs of significant liver fibrosis. HFE knockout and DTg mice displayed similar extent of iron overload and of fibrosis. Loss of HFE did not alter the extent of AAT accumulation. In Pi*ZZ individuals, presence of HFE mutations was not associated with more severe liver fibrosis. Taken together, Pi*ZZ individuals display minor alterations in serum iron parameters. Neither mild iron overload seen in these individuals nor the presence of HFE mutations (C282Y and H63D) constitute a major contributor to liver fibrosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurdan Guldiken
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (N.G.); (K.H.); (S.M.S.); (M.A.); (C.L.); (C.V.S.); (M.F.); (C.T.)
| | - Karim Hamesch
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (N.G.); (K.H.); (S.M.S.); (M.A.); (C.L.); (C.V.S.); (M.F.); (C.T.)
- Coordinating Center for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency-Related Liver Disease of the European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER) and the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) Registry Group “Alpha-1 Liver”, Germany
| | - Shari Malan Schuller
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (N.G.); (K.H.); (S.M.S.); (M.A.); (C.L.); (C.V.S.); (M.F.); (C.T.)
| | - Mahmoud Aly
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (N.G.); (K.H.); (S.M.S.); (M.A.); (C.L.); (C.V.S.); (M.F.); (C.T.)
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Cecilia Lindhauer
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (N.G.); (K.H.); (S.M.S.); (M.A.); (C.L.); (C.V.S.); (M.F.); (C.T.)
| | - Carolin V. Schneider
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (N.G.); (K.H.); (S.M.S.); (M.A.); (C.L.); (C.V.S.); (M.F.); (C.T.)
| | - Malin Fromme
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (N.G.); (K.H.); (S.M.S.); (M.A.); (C.L.); (C.V.S.); (M.F.); (C.T.)
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (N.G.); (K.H.); (S.M.S.); (M.A.); (C.L.); (C.V.S.); (M.F.); (C.T.)
- Coordinating Center for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency-Related Liver Disease of the European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER) and the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) Registry Group “Alpha-1 Liver”, Germany
| | - Pavel Strnad
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (N.G.); (K.H.); (S.M.S.); (M.A.); (C.L.); (C.V.S.); (M.F.); (C.T.)
- Coordinating Center for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency-Related Liver Disease of the European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER) and the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) Registry Group “Alpha-1 Liver”, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(241)-80-35324; Fax: +49-(241)-80-82455
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