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He C, Li Z, Yu W, Luo R, Zhou J, He J, Chen Q, Song Z, Cheng S. LncRNA TUG1 mediates microglial inflammatory activation by regulating glucose metabolic reprogramming. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12143. [PMID: 38802677 PMCID: PMC11130314 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62966-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia are natural immune cells in the central nervous system, and the activation of microglia is accompanied by a reprogramming of glucose metabolism. In our study, we investigated the role of long non-coding RNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) in regulating microglial glucose metabolism reprogramming and activation. BV2 cells were treated with Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)/Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) to establish a microglial activation model. The glycolysis inhibitor 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) was used as a control. The expression levels of TUG1 mRNA and proinflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin -6, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α mRNA and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, Arginase 1(Arg1), CD206, and Ym1 were detected by RT-qPCR. TUG1 was silenced using TUG1 siRNA and knocked out using CRISPR/Cas9. The mRNA and protein expression levels of key enzymes involved in glucose metabolism, such as Hexokinase2, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), Lactate dehydrogenase, Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase, and Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. The glycolytic rate of microglial cells was measured using Seahorse. Differential metabolites were determined by metabolomics, and pathway enrichment was performed using these differential metabolites. Our findings revealed that the expression of TUG1 was elevated in proinflammatory-activated microglia and positively correlated with the levels of inflammatory factors. The expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, Arg1, CD206, and Ym1 were decreased when induced with LPS/IFN-γ. However, this decrease was reversed by the treatment with 2-DG. Silencing of GAPDH led to an increase in the expression of TUG1 and inflammatory factors. TUG1 knockout (TUG1KO) inhibited the expression of glycolytic key enzymes and promoted the expression of oxidative phosphorylation key enzymes, shifting the metabolic profile of activated microglia from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, TUG1KO reduced the accumulation of metabolites, facilitating the restoration of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and enhancing oxidative phosphorylation in microglia. Furthermore, the downregulation of TUG1 was found to reduce the expression of both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines under normal conditions. Interestingly, when induced with LPS/IFN-γ, TUG1 downregulation showed a potentially beneficial effect on microglia in terms of inflammation. Downregulation of TUG1 expression inhibits glycolysis and facilitates the shift of microglial glucose metabolism from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation, promoting their transformation towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype and exerting anti-inflammatory effects in BV2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiang He
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine On Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Ze Li
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine On Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjing Yu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine On Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Rongsiqing Luo
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine On Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Jinyong Zhou
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine On Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Jiawei He
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine On Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine On Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenyan Song
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine On Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
| | - Shaowu Cheng
- Office of Science & Technology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
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Xu B, Liu Y, Li N, Geng Q. Lactate and lactylation in macrophage metabolic reprogramming: current progress and outstanding issues. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1395786. [PMID: 38835758 PMCID: PMC11148263 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
It is commonly known that different macrophage phenotypes play specific roles in different pathophysiological processes. In recent years, many studies have linked the phenotypes of macrophages to their characteristics in different metabolic pathways, suggesting that macrophages can perform different functions through metabolic reprogramming. It is now gradually recognized that lactate, previously overlooked as a byproduct of glycolytic metabolism, acts as a signaling molecule in regulating multiple biological processes, including immunological responses and metabolism. Recently, lactate has been found to mediate epigenetic changes in macrophages through a newfound lactylation modification, thereby regulating their phenotypic transformation. This novel finding highlights the significant role of lactate metabolism in macrophage function. In this review, we summarize the features of relevant metabolic reprogramming in macrophages and the role of lactate metabolism therein. We also review the progress of research on the regulation of macrophage metabolic reprogramming by lactylation through epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangjun Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Wan X, Wang W, Zhu J, Xiao Y. Antibacterial peptide Reg4 ameliorates Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0390523. [PMID: 38501823 PMCID: PMC11064540 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03905-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a Gram-negative facultative anaerobe that has become an important cause of severe infections in humans, particularly in patients with cystic fibrosis. The development of efficacious methods or mendicants against P. aeruginosa is still needed. We previously reported that regenerating islet-derived family member 4 (Reg4) has bactericidal activity against Salmonella Typhimurium, a Gram-negative flagellated bacterium. We herein explore whether Reg4 has bactericidal activity against P. aeruginosa. In the P. aeruginosa PAO1-chronic infection model, Reg4 significantly inhibits the colonization of PAO1 in the lung and subsequently ameliorates pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. Reg4 recombinant protein suppresses the growth motility and biofilm formation capability of PAO1 in vitro. Mechanistically, Reg4 not only exerts bactericidal action via direct binding to the P. aeruginosa cell wall but also enhances the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages in the host. Taken together, our study demonstrates that Reg4 may provide protection against P. aeruginosa-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis via its antibacterial activity.IMPORTANCEChronic lung infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis. Due to the antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, antimicrobial peptides appear to be a potential alternative to combat its infection. In this study, we report an antimicrobial peptide, regenerating islet-derived 4 (Reg4), that showed killing activity against clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and ameliorated PAO1-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. Experimental data also showed Reg4 directly bound to the bacterial cell membrane and enhanced the phagocytosis of host alveolar macrophages. Our presented study will be a helpful resource in searching for novel antimicrobial peptides that could have the potential to replace conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongtao Xiao
- Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Xu J, Shi C, Yuan F, Ding Y, Xie Y, Liu Y, Zhu F, Lu H, Duan C, Hu J, Jiang L. Targeted transplantation of engineered mitochondrial compound promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury by enhancing macrophage phagocytosis. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:427-444. [PMID: 37954465 PMCID: PMC10632560 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial in sustaining and orchestrating cellular functions. Capitalizing on this, we explored mitochondrial transplantation as an innovative therapeutic strategy for acute spinal cord injury (SCI). In our study, we developed an engineered mitochondrial compound tailored to target macrophages within the SCI region. Sourced from IL-10-induced Mertkhi bone marrow-derived macrophages, we conjugated a peptide sequence, cations-cysteine-alanine-glutamine-lysine (CAQK), with the mitochondria, optimizing its targeting affinity for the injury site. Our data demonstrated that these compounds significantly enhanced macrophage phagocytosis of myelin debris, curtailed lipid buildup, ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction, and attenuated pro-inflammatory profiles in macrophages, both in vitro and in vivo. The intravenously delivered mitochondrial compounds targeted the SCI epicenter, with macrophages being the primary recipients. Critically, they promoted tissue regeneration and bolstered functional recovery in SCI mice. This study heralds a transformative approach to mitochondrial transplantation in SCI, spotlighting the modulation of macrophage activity, phagocytosis, and phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chaoran Shi
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Feifei Yuan
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yinghe Ding
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yudong Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Fengzhang Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chunyue Duan
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Liyuan Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
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5
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Hu L, Wang N, Bryant JD, Liu L, Xie L, West AP, Walsh AJ. Label-free spatially maintained measurements of metabolic phenotypes in cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1293268. [PMID: 38090715 PMCID: PMC10715269 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1293268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming at a cellular level contributes to many diseases including cancer, yet few assays are capable of measuring metabolic pathway usage by individual cells within living samples. Here, autofluorescence lifetime imaging is combined with single-cell segmentation and machine-learning models to predict the metabolic pathway usage of cancer cells. The metabolic activities of MCF7 breast cancer cells and HepG2 liver cancer cells were controlled by growing the cells in culture media with specific substrates and metabolic inhibitors. Fluorescence lifetime images of two endogenous metabolic coenzymes, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and oxidized flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), were acquired by a multi-photon fluorescence lifetime microscope and analyzed at the cellular level. Quantitative changes of NADH and FAD lifetime components were observed for cells using glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and glutaminolysis. Conventional machine learning models trained with the autofluorescence features classified cells as dependent on glycolytic or oxidative metabolism with 90%-92% accuracy. Furthermore, adapting convolutional neural networks to predict cancer cell metabolic perturbations from the autofluorescence lifetime images provided improved performance, 95% accuracy, over traditional models trained via extracted features. Additionally, the model trained with the lifetime features of cancer cells could be transferred to autofluorescence lifetime images of T cells, with a prediction that 80% of activated T cells were glycolytic, and 97% of quiescent T cells were oxidative. In summary, autofluorescence lifetime imaging combined with machine learning models can detect metabolic perturbations between glycolysis and oxidative metabolism of living samples at a cellular level, providing a label-free technology to study cellular metabolism and metabolic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghao Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Nianchao Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Joshua D. Bryant
- Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - A. Phillip West
- Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Alex J. Walsh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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Zhang Y, Ji Q. Macrophage polarization in osteoarthritis progression: a promising therapeutic target. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1269724. [PMID: 37954210 PMCID: PMC10639142 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1269724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the leading causes of pain and disability in the elderly. Synovitis, cartilage destruction and osteophyte formation histologically manifest OA. Unfortunately, there is currently no effective therapy to delay its progression and the underlying mechanisms of OA require further exploration. Macrophage is a main cellular component of joint synovium. It is highly plastic and can be stimulated to polarize to different phenotypes, namely, the pro-inflammatory phenotype (M1) and the anti-inflammatory/tissue-repairing phenotype (M2). Ample evidence has demonstrated the vital roles of macrophages in the progression of OA. Imbalanced M1/M2 ratio is significantly related to OA severity indicating macrophage polarization might be a promising therapeutic target for OA. In this review, we summarized the involvements of polarized macrophages in synovitis, cartilage degradation, osteophyte formation and OA-related chronic pain. Promising therapies targeting macrophage polarization including the intra-articular cell/derivates-based therapy and the alternative non-invasive intervention such as photobiomodulation therapy were reviewed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Quanbo Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
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Pacl HT, Chinta KC, Reddy VP, Nadeem S, Sevalkar RR, Nargan K, Lumamba K, Naidoo T, Glasgow JN, Agarwal A, Steyn AJC. NAD(H) homeostasis underlies host protection mediated by glycolytic myeloid cells in tuberculosis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5472. [PMID: 37673914 PMCID: PMC10482943 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40545-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) disrupts glycolytic flux in infected myeloid cells through an unclear mechanism. Flux through the glycolytic pathway in myeloid cells is inextricably linked to the availability of NAD+, which is maintained by NAD+ salvage and lactate metabolism. Using lung tissue from tuberculosis (TB) patients and myeloid deficient LDHA (LdhaLysM-/-) mice, we demonstrate that glycolysis in myeloid cells is essential for protective immunity in TB. Glycolytic myeloid cells are essential for the early recruitment of multiple classes of immune cells and IFNγ-mediated protection. We identify NAD+ depletion as central to the glycolytic inhibition caused by Mtb. Lastly, we show that the NAD+ precursor nicotinamide exerts a host-dependent, antimycobacterial effect, and that nicotinamide prophylaxis and treatment reduce Mtb lung burden in mice. These findings provide insight into how Mtb alters host metabolism through perturbation of NAD(H) homeostasis and reprogramming of glycolysis, highlighting this pathway as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden T Pacl
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Krishna C Chinta
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vineel P Reddy
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sajid Nadeem
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ritesh R Sevalkar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kievershen Nargan
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kapongo Lumamba
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Threnesan Naidoo
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Walter Sisulu University, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Joel N Glasgow
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Anupam Agarwal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Nephrology Research and Training Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Adrie J C Steyn
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa.
- Centers for AIDS Research and Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Li X, Shen H, Zhang M, Teissier V, Huang EE, Gao Q, Tsubosaka M, Toya M, Kushioka J, Maduka CV, Contag CH, Chow SKH, Zhang N, Goodman SB. Glycolytic reprogramming in macrophages and MSCs during inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1199751. [PMID: 37675119 PMCID: PMC10477714 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulated inflammation is associated with many skeletal diseases and disorders, such as osteolysis, non-union of fractures, osteonecrosis, osteoarthritis and orthopaedic infections. We previously showed that continuous infusion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contaminated polyethylene particles (cPE) caused prolonged inflammation and impaired bone formation. However, the metabolic and bioenergetic processes associated with inflammation of bone are unknown. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that modulate cell metabolism and orchestrate the inflammatory responses that involve both resident and recruited cells. Glycolytic reprogramming, the shift from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis causes inappropriate cell activation and function, resulting in dysfunctional cellular metabolism. We hypothesized that impaired immunoregulation and bone regeneration from inflammatory states are associated with glycolytic reprogramming and mitochondrial dysfunction in macrophages (Mφ) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Methods We used the Seahorse XF96 analyzer and real-time qPCR to study the bioenergetics of Mφ and MSCs exposed to cPE. To understand the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), we used Seahorse XF Cell Mito Stress Test Kit with Seahorse XF96 analyzer. Similarly, Seahorse XF Glycolytic Rate Assay Kit was used to detect the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and Seahorse XF Real-Time ATP Rate Assay kit was used to detect the real-time ATP production rates from OXPHOS and glycolysis. Real-time qPCR was performed to analyze the gene expression of key enzymes in glycolysis and mitochondrial biogenesis. We further detected the gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines in Mφ and genes related to cell differentiation in MSC during the challenge of cPE. Results Our results demonstrated that the oxidative phosphorylation of Mφ exposed to cPE was significantly decreased when compared with the control group. We found reduced basal, maximal and ATP-production coupled respiration rates, and decreased proton leak in Mφ during challenge with cPE. Meanwhile, Mφ showed increased basal glycolysis and proton efflux rates (PER) when exposed to cPE. The percentage (%) of PER from glycolysis was higher in Mφ exposed to cPE, indicating that the contribution of the glycolytic pathway to total extracellular acidification was elevated during the challenge of cPE. In line with the results of OCR and ECAR, we found Mφ during cPE challenge showed higher glycolytic ATP (glycoATP) production rates and lower mitochondrial ATP (mitoATP) production rates which is mainly from OXPHOS. Interestingly, MSCs showed enhanced glycolysis during challenge with cPE, but no significant changes in oxygen consumption rates (OCR). In accordance, seahorse assay of real-time ATP revealed glycoATP rates were elevated while mitoATP rates showed no significant differences in MSC during challenge with cPE. Furthermore, Mφ and MSCs exposed to cPE showed upregulated gene expression levels of glycolytic regulators and Mφ exposed to cPE expressed higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion This study demonstrated the dysfunctional bioenergetic activity of bone marrow-derived Mφ and MSCs exposed to cPE, which could impair the immunoregulatory properties of cells in the bone niche. The underlying molecular defect related to disordered mitochondrial function could represent a potential therapeutic target during the resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Huaishuang Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mao Zhang
- Cardiovascular Institute Operations, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Victoria Teissier
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ejun Elijah Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Masanori Tsubosaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Masakazu Toya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Junichi Kushioka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Chima V. Maduka
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Christopher H. Contag
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Stuart B. Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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Keeney JN, Winters A, Sitcheran R, West AP. NF-κB-Inducing Kinase Governs the Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity, Differentiation, and Inflammatory Status of Innate Immune Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:1123-1133. [PMID: 36881877 PMCID: PMC10073338 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK), which is essential for the activation of the noncanonical NF-κB pathway, regulates diverse processes in immunity, development, and disease. Although recent studies have elucidated important functions of NIK in adaptive immune cells and cancer cell metabolism, the role of NIK in metabolic-driven inflammatory responses in innate immune cells remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that murine NIK-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages exhibit defects in mitochondrial-dependent metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation, which impair the acquisition of a prorepair, anti-inflammatory phenotype. Subsequently, NIK-deficient mice exhibit skewing of myeloid cells characterized by aberrant eosinophil, monocyte, and macrophage cell populations in the blood, bone marrow, and adipose tissue. Furthermore, NIK-deficient blood monocytes display hyperresponsiveness to bacterial LPS and elevated TNF-α production ex vivo. These findings suggest that NIK governs metabolic rewiring, which is critical for balancing proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory myeloid immune cell function. Overall, our work highlights a previously unrecognized role for NIK as a molecular rheostat that fine-tunes immunometabolism in innate immunity, and suggests that metabolic dysfunction may be an important driver of inflammatory diseases caused by aberrant NIK expression or activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin N. Keeney
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Ashley Winters
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Raquel Sitcheran
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - A. Phillip West
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
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10
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Wang L, Wang D, Zhang T, Ma Y, Tong X, Fan H. The role of immunometabolism in macrophage polarization and its impact on acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1117548. [PMID: 37020557 PMCID: PMC10067752 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1117548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung macrophages constitute the first line of defense against airborne particles and microbes and are key to maintaining pulmonary immune homeostasis. There is increasing evidence suggesting that macrophages also participate in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), including the modulation of inflammatory responses and the repair of damaged lung tissues. The diversity of their functions may be attributed to their polarized states. Classically activated or inflammatory (M1) macrophages and alternatively activated or anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages are the two main polarized macrophage phenotypes. The precise regulatory mechanism of macrophage polarization is a complex process that is not completely understood. A growing body of literature on immunometabolism has demonstrated the essential role of immunometabolism and its metabolic intermediates in macrophage polarization. In this review, we summarize macrophage polarization phenotypes, the role of immunometabolism, and its metabolic intermediates in macrophage polarization and ALI/ARDS, which may represent a new target and therapeutic direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongguang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianli Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Ma
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Tong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Roy S, Sharma A, Ghosh S. Mechanistic crosstalk of extracellular calcium-mediated regulation of maturation and plasticity in human monocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 643:39-47. [PMID: 36586157 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Innate immune cells play a pivotal role in controlling tissue repair and rejection after biomaterial implantation. Calcium supplementation regulates cellular responses and alter the pathophysiology of various diseases. A series of macrophage activations through differential plasticity has been observed after cell-to-material interactions. We investigated the role of calcium supplementation in controlling macrophage phenotypes in pro-inflammatory and pre-reparative states. Oxidative defence and mitochondria involvement in cellular plasticity and the sequential M0 to M1 and M1 to M2 transitions were observed after calcium supplementation. This study describes the molecular mechanism of reactive oxygen species and drives the interconnected cellular plasticity of macrophages in the presence of calcium. Gene expression, and immunostaining, revealed a relationship between MHC class II maturation and cellular plasticity. This study elucidated the role of controlled calcium supplementation under various conditions. These findings underscore the molecular mechanism of calcium-mediated immune induction and its favourable use in different calcium-containing biomaterials., essential for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadeep Roy
- Regenerative Engineering Laboratory, Department of Textile and Fiber Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Aarushi Sharma
- Regenerative Engineering Laboratory, Department of Textile and Fiber Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Sourabh Ghosh
- Regenerative Engineering Laboratory, Department of Textile and Fiber Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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12
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Quinteros SL, von Krusenstiern E, Snyder NW, Tanaka A, O’Brien B, Donnelly S. The helminth derived peptide FhHDM-1 redirects macrophage metabolism towards glutaminolysis to regulate the pro-inflammatory response. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1018076. [PMID: 36761766 PMCID: PMC9905698 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1018076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified an immune modulating peptide, termed FhHDM-1, within the secretions of the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica, which is sufficiently potent to prevent the progression of type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis in murine models of disease. Here, we have determined that the FhHDM-1 peptide regulates inflammation by reprogramming macrophage metabolism. Specifically, FhHDM-1 switched macrophage metabolism to a dependence on oxidative phosphorylation fuelled by fatty acids and supported by the induction of glutaminolysis. The catabolism of glutamine also resulted in an accumulation of alpha ketoglutarate (α-KG). These changes in metabolic activity were associated with a concomitant reduction in glycolytic flux, and the subsequent decrease in TNF and IL-6 production at the protein level. Interestingly, FhHDM-1 treated macrophages did not express the characteristic genes of an M2 phenotype, thereby indicating the specific regulation of inflammation, as opposed to the induction of an anti-inflammatory phenotype per se. Use of an inactive derivative of FhHDM-1, which did not modulate macrophage responses, revealed that the regulation of immune responses was dependent on the ability of FhHDM-1 to modulate lysosomal pH. These results identify a novel functional association between the lysosome and mitochondrial metabolism in macrophages, and further highlight the significant therapeutic potential of FhHDM-1 to prevent inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susel Loli Quinteros
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Nathaniel W. Snyder
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Akane Tanaka
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Bronwyn O’Brien
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Sheila Donnelly
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia,*Correspondence: Sheila Donnelly,
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13
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Tao H, Xu Y, Zhang S. The Role of Macrophages and Alveolar Epithelial Cells in the Development of ARDS. Inflammation 2023; 46:47-55. [PMID: 36048270 PMCID: PMC9435414 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01726-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) usually causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), or even death in critical ill patients. Immune cell infiltration in inflamed lungs is an important hallmark of ARDS. Macrophages are a type of immune cell that participate in the entire pathogenic trajectory of ARDS and most prominently via their interactions with lung alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). In the early stage of ARDS, classically activated macrophages secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines to clearance of the pathogens which may damage alveolar AECs cell structure and result in cell death. Paradoxically, in late stage of ARDS, anti-inflammatory cytokines secreted by alternatively activated macrophages dampen the inflammation response and promote epithelial regeneration and alveolar structure remodeling. In this review, we discuss the important role of macrophages and AECs in the progression of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430033, China
| | - Younian Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430033, China.
| | - Shihai Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430033, China.
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14
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Janžič L, Repas J, Pavlin M, Zemljić-Jokhadar Š, Ihan A, Kopitar AN. Macrophage polarization during Streptococcus agalactiae infection is isolate specific. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1186087. [PMID: 37213504 PMCID: PMC10192866 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1186087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS), a Gram-positive commensal in healthy adults, remains a major cause of neonatal infections, usually manifesting as sepsis, meningitis, or pneumonia. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis has greatly reduced the incidence of early-onset disease. However, given the lack of effective measures to prevent the risk of late-onset disease and invasive infections in immunocompromised individuals, more studies investigating the GBS-associated pathogenesis and the interplay between bacteria and host immune system are needed. Methods Here, we examined the impact of 12 previously genotyped GBS isolates belonging to different serotypes and sequence types on the immune response of THP-1 macrophages. Results Flow cytometry analysis showed isolate-specific differences in phagocytic uptake, ranging from 10% for isolates of serotype Ib, which possess the virulence factor protein β, to over 70% for isolates of serotype III. Different isolates also induced differential expression of co-stimulatory molecules and scavenger receptors with colonizing isolates inducing higher expression levels of CD80 and CD86 compared to invasive isolates. In addition, real-time measurements of metabolism revealed that macrophages enhanced both glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration after GBS infection, with isolates of serotype III being the most potent activators of glycolysis and glycolytic ATP production. Macrophages also showed differential resistance to GBS-mediated cell cytotoxicity as measured by LDH release and real-time microscopy. The differences were evident both between serotypes and between isolates obtained from different specimens (colonizing or invasive isolates) demonstrating the higher cytotoxicity of vaginal compared with blood isolates. Conclusions Thus, the data suggest that GBS isolates differ in their potential to become invasive or remain colonizing. In addition, colonizing isolates appear to be more cytotoxic, whereas invasive isolates appear to exploit macrophages to their advantage, avoiding the immune recognition and antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Janžič
- Department of Cell Immunology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jernej Repas
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Pavlin
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Group for Nano and Biotechnological Applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Špela Zemljić-Jokhadar
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alojz Ihan
- Department of Cell Immunology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andreja Nataša Kopitar
- Department of Cell Immunology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Andreja Nataša Kopitar,
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15
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Calderin EP, Zheng JJ, Boyd NL, McNally L, Audam TN, Lorkiewicz P, Hill BG, Hellmann J. Exercise-induced specialized proresolving mediators stimulate AMPK phosphorylation to promote mitochondrial respiration in macrophages. Mol Metab 2022; 66:101637. [PMID: 36400404 PMCID: PMC9719872 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of CVD mortality in large-cohort longitudinal studies; however, the mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects of exercise remain incompletely understood. Emerging data suggest that the risk reducing effect of exercise extends beyond changes in traditional CVD risk factors alone and involves alterations in immunity and reductions in inflammatory mediator production. Our study aimed to determine whether exercise-enhanced production of proresolving lipid mediators contribute to alterations in macrophage intermediary metabolism, which may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise. METHODS Changes in lipid mediators and macrophage metabolism were assessed in C57Bl/6 mice following 4 weeks of voluntary exercise training. To investigate whether exercise-stimulated upregulation of specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) was sufficient to enhance mitochondrial respiration, both macrophages from control mice and human donors were incubated in vitro with SPMs and mitochondrial respiratory parameters were measured using extracellular flux analysis. Compound-C, an ATP-competitive inhibitor of AMPK kinase activity, was used to investigate the role of AMPK activity in SPM-induced mitochondrial metabolism. To assess the in vivo contribution of 5-lipoxygenase in AMPK activation and exercise-induced mitochondrial metabolism in macrophages, Alox5-/- mice were also subjected to exercise training. RESULTS Four weeks of exercise training enhanced proresolving lipid mediator production, while also stimulating the catabolism of inflammatory lipid mediators (e.g., leukotrienes and prostaglandins). This shift in lipid mediator balance following exercise was associated with increased macrophage mitochondrial metabolism. We also find that treating human and murine macrophages in vitro with proresolving lipid mediators enhances mitochondrial respiratory parameters. The proresolving lipid mediators RvD1, RvE1, and MaR1, but not RvD2, stimulated mitochondrial respiration through an AMPK-dependent signaling mechanism. Additionally, in a subset of macrophages, exercise-induced mitochondrial activity in vivo was dependent upon 5-lipoxygenase activity. CONCLUSION Collectively, these results suggest that exercise stimulates proresolving lipid mediator biosynthesis and mitochondrial metabolism in macrophages via AMPK, which might contribute to the anti-inflammatory and CVD risk reducing effect of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Pena Calderin
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA,Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Jing-Juan Zheng
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Nolan L. Boyd
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Lindsey McNally
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Timothy N. Audam
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Pawel Lorkiewicz
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Bradford G. Hill
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Jason Hellmann
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA,Corresponding author. 580 S. Preston St. Rm 204F, Delia Baxter II Building, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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16
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Neto NGB, O'Rourke SA, Zhang M, Fitzgerald HK, Dunne A, Monaghan MG. Non-invasive classification of macrophage polarisation by 2P-FLIM and machine learning. eLife 2022; 11:77373. [PMID: 36254592 PMCID: PMC9578711 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we utilise fluorescence lifetime imaging of NAD(P)H-based cellular autofluorescence as a non-invasive modality to classify two contrasting states of human macrophages by proxy of their governing metabolic state. Macrophages derived from human blood-circulating monocytes were polarised using established protocols and metabolically challenged using small molecules to validate their responding metabolic actions in extracellular acidification and oxygen consumption. Large field-of-view images of individual polarised macrophages were obtained using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). These were challenged in real time with small-molecule perturbations of metabolism during imaging. We uncovered FLIM parameters that are pronounced under the action of carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP), which strongly stratifies the phenotype of polarised human macrophages; however, this performance is impacted by donor variability when analysing the data at a single-cell level. The stratification and parameters emanating from a full field-of-view and single-cell FLIM approach serve as the basis for machine learning models. Applying a random forests model, we identify three strongly governing FLIM parameters, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC-AUC) value of 0.944 and out-of-bag (OBB) error rate of 16.67% when classifying human macrophages in a full field-of-view image. To conclude, 2P-FLIM with the integration of machine learning models is showed to be a powerful technique for analysis of both human macrophage metabolism and polarisation at full FoV and single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno G B Neto
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinead A O'Rourke
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Biochemistry & Immunology and School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mimi Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hannah K Fitzgerald
- School of Biochemistry & Immunology and School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling Dunne
- School of Biochemistry & Immunology and School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Advanced Materials for BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael G Monaghan
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Advanced Materials for BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,CURAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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17
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Specific PFKFB3 Inhibitor Memorably Ameliorates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via Inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathway and Reprogramming of Energy Metabolism of Nucleus Pulposus Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7548145. [PMID: 36187335 PMCID: PMC9519352 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7548145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD) is a characteristic of the dominating pathological processes of nucleus pulposus (NP) cell senescence, abnormal synthesis and irregular distribution of extracellular matrix (ECM), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induced inflammation. Nowadays, IVD acid environment variation which accelerates the pathological processes mentioned above arouses researchers' attention. KAN0438757 (KAN) is an effective inhibitor of selective metabolic kinase phosphofructokinase-2/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) that has both energy metabolism reprogramming and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, a potential therapeutic benefit of KAN lies in its ability to inhibit the development of IVDD. This study examined in vitro KAN toxicity in NP primary cells (NPPs). Moreover, KAN influenced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induced ECM anabolism and catabolism; the inflammatory signaling pathway activation and the energy metabolism phenotype were also examined in NPPs. Furthermore, KAN's therapeutic effect was investigated in vivo using the rat tail disc puncture model. Phenotypically speaking, the KAN treatment partially rescued the ECM degradation and glycolysis energy metabolism phenotypes of NPPs induced by TNF-α. In terms of mechanism, KAN inhibited the activation of MAPK and NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathways induced by TNF-α and reprogramed the energy metabolism. For the therapeutic aspect, the rat tail disc puncture model demonstrated that KAN has a significant ameliorated effect on the progression of IVDD. To sum up, our research successfully authenticated the potential therapeutic effect of KAN on IVDD and declaimed its mechanisms of both novel energy metabolism reprogramming and conventional anti-inflammation effect.
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18
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Chen YF, Lee CW, Wu HH, Lin WT, Lee OK. Immunometabolism of macrophages regulates skeletal muscle regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:948819. [PMID: 36147742 PMCID: PMC9485946 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.948819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-related progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, quality, and strength disease. In addition, sarcopenia is tightly correlated with age-associated pathologies, such as sarcopenic obesity and osteoporosis. Further understanding of disease mechanisms and the therapeutic strategies in muscle regeneration requires a deeper knowledge of the interaction of skeletal muscle and other cells in the muscle tissue. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process that requires a series of highly coordinated events involving communication between muscle stem cells and niche cells, such as muscle fibro/adipogenic progenitors and macrophages. Macrophages play a critical role in tissue regeneration and the maintenance of muscle homeostasis by producing growth factors and cytokines that regulate muscle stem cells and myofibroblast activation. Furthermore, the aging-related immune dysregulation associated with the release of trophic factors and the polarization in macrophages transiently affect the inflammatory phase and impair muscle regeneration. In this review, we focus on the role and regulation of macrophages in skeletal muscle regeneration and homeostasis. The aim of this review is to highlight the important roles of macrophages as a therapeutic target in age-related sarcopenia and the increasing understanding of how macrophages are regulated will help to advance skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fan Chen
- Center for Translational Genomics Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Lee
- Center for Translational Genomics Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hsiang Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program of Translational Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Oscar K. Lee
- Center for Translational Genomics Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Oscar K. Lee,
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19
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Im S, Kim H, Jeong M, Yang H, Hong JY. Integrative understanding of immune-metabolic interaction. BMB Rep 2022. [PMID: 35651325 PMCID: PMC9252895 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.6.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that the immune system plays a critical role in various physiological processes beyond its classical pathogen control activity. Even under a sterile condition, various cells and tissues can utilize the immune system to meet a specific demand for proper physiological functions. Particularly, a strong link between immunity and metabolism has been identified. Studies have identified the reciprocal regulation between these two systems. For example, immune signals can regulate metabolism, and metabolism (cellular or systemic) can regulate immunity. In this review, we will summarize recent findings on this reciprocal regulation between immunity and metabolism, and discuss potential biological rules behind this interaction with integrative perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonyoung Im
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hawon Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Myunghyun Jeong
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hyeon Yang
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jun Young Hong
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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20
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Tlili M, Acevedo H, Descoteaux A, Germain M, Heinonen KM. Cell-intrinsic Wnt4 ligand regulates mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in macrophages. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102193. [PMID: 35764169 PMCID: PMC9352913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages respond to their environment by adopting a predominantly inflammatory or anti-inflammatory profile, depending on the context. The polarization of the subsequent response is regulated by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic signals and is associated with alterations in macrophage metabolism. Although macrophages are important producers of Wnt ligands, the role of Wnt signaling in regulating metabolic changes associated with macrophage polarization remains unclear. Wnt4 upregulation has been shown to be associated with tissue repair and suppression of age-associated inflammation, which led us to generate Wnt4-deficient bone marrow–derived macrophages to investigate its role in metabolism. We show that loss of Wnt4 led to modified mitochondrial structure, enhanced oxidative phosphorylation, and depleted intracellular lipid reserves, as the cells depended on fatty acid oxidation to fuel their mitochondria. Further we found that enhanced lipolysis was dependent on protein kinase C–mediated activation of lysosomal acid lipase in Wnt4-deficient bone marrow–derived macrophages. Although not irreversible, these metabolic changes promoted parasite survival during infection with Leishmania donovani. In conclusion, our results indicate that enhanced macrophage fatty acid oxidation impairs the control of intracellular pathogens, such as Leishmania. We further suggest that Wnt4 may represent a potential target in atherosclerosis, which is characterized by lipid storage in macrophages leading to them becoming foam cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Tlili
- Institut national de recherche scientifique, Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval H7V 1B7, CANADA
| | - Hamlet Acevedo
- Institut national de recherche scientifique, Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval H7V 1B7, CANADA
| | - Albert Descoteaux
- Institut national de recherche scientifique, Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval H7V 1B7, CANADA
| | - Marc Germain
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire and Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, CANADA; Centre d'Excellence de Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Montreal, CANADA; Réseau Intersectoriel de Recherche en Santé de l'Université du Québec, Université du Québec, Quebec, CANADA
| | - Krista M Heinonen
- Institut national de recherche scientifique, Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval H7V 1B7, CANADA; Centre d'Excellence de Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Montreal, CANADA.
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21
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Zheng X, Guo J, Cao C, Qin T, Zhao Y, Song X, Lv M, Hu L, Zhang L, Zhou D, Fang T, Yang W. Time-Course Transcriptome Analysis of Lungs From Mice Infected With Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae via Aerosolized Intratracheal Inoculation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:833080. [PMID: 35573776 PMCID: PMC9097095 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.833080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) can cause life-threatening community-acquired infections among healthy young individuals and is thus of concern for global dissemination. In this study, a mouse model of acute primary hvKp pneumonia was established via aerosolized intratracheal (i.t.) inoculation, laying the foundation for conducting extensive studies related to hvKp. Subsequently, a time-course transcriptional profile was created of the lungs from the mouse model at 0, 12, 24, 48 and 60 hours post-infection (hpi) using RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq). RNA-Seq data were analyzed with the use of Mfuzz time clustering, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and Immune Cell Abundance Identifier for mouse (ImmuCellAI-mouse). A gradual change in the transcriptional profile of the lungs was observed that reflected expected disease progression. At 12 hpi, genes related to acute phase inflammatory response increased in expression and lipid metabolism appeared to have a pro-inflammatory effect. At 24 hpi, exacerbation of inflammation was observed and active IFN-γ suggested that signaling promoted activation and recruitment of macrophages occurred. Genes related to maintaining the structural integrity of lung tissues showed a sustained decrease in expression after infection and the decrease was especially marked at 48 hpi. TNF, IL-17, MAPK and NF-kB signaling pathways may play key roles in the immunopathogenesis mechanism at all stages of infection. Natural killer (NK) cells consistently decreased in abundance after infection, which has rarely been reported in hvKp infection and could provide a new target for treatment. Genes Saa1 and Slpi were significantly upregulated during infection. Both Saa1, which is associated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that elicits host inflammatory response, and Slpi, which encodes an antimicrobial protein, have not previously been reported in hvKp infections and could be important targets for subsequent studies. To t our knowledge, this paper represents the first study to investigate the pulmonary transcriptional response to hvKp infection. The results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of hvKp pulmonary infection that can contribute to the development of therapies to reduce hvKp pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Zheng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianshu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoyue Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lingfei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Tongyu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Tongyu Fang, ; Wenhui Yang,
| | - Wenhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Tongyu Fang, ; Wenhui Yang,
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22
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Verberk SG, de Goede KE, Gorki FS, van Dierendonck XA, Argüello RJ, Van den Bossche J. An integrated toolbox to profile macrophage immunometabolism. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100192. [PMID: 35497494 PMCID: PMC9046227 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are dynamic immune cells that can adopt several activation states. Fundamental to these functional activation states is the regulation of cellular metabolic processes. Especially in mice, metabolic alterations underlying pro-inflammatory or homeostatic phenotypes have been assessed using various techniques. However, researchers new to the field may encounter ambiguity in choosing which combination of techniques is best suited to profile immunometabolism. To address this need, we have developed a toolbox to assess cellular metabolism in a semi-high-throughput 96-well-plate-based format. Application of the toolbox to activated mouse and human macrophages enables fast metabolic pre-screening and robust measurement of extracellular fluxes, mitochondrial mass and membrane potential, and glucose and lipid uptake. Moreover, we propose an application of SCENITH technology for ex vivo metabolic profiling. We validate established activation-induced metabolic rewiring in mouse macrophages and report new insights into human macrophage metabolism. By thoroughly discussing each technique, we hope to guide readers with practical workflows for investigating immunometabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne G.S. Verberk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kyra E. de Goede
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Friederike S. Gorki
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Xanthe A.M.H. van Dierendonck
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rafael J. Argüello
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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23
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Metabolism in atherosclerotic plaques: immunoregulatory mechanisms in the arterial wall. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:435-454. [PMID: 35348183 PMCID: PMC8965849 DOI: 10.1042/cs20201293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, there has been a growing interest to understand the link between metabolism and the immune response in the context of metabolic diseases but also beyond, giving then birth to a new field of research. Termed 'immunometabolism', this interdisciplinary field explores paradigms of both immunology and metabolism to provided unique insights into different disease pathogenic processes, and the identification of new potential therapeutic targets. Similar to other inflammatory conditions, the atherosclerotic inflammatory process in the artery has been associated with a local dysregulated metabolic response. Thus, recent studies show that metabolites are more than just fuels in their metabolic pathways, and they can act as modulators of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. In this review article, we describe the most common immunometabolic pathways characterised in innate and adaptive immune cells, and discuss how macrophages' and T cells' metabolism may influence phenotypic changes in the plaque. Moreover, we discuss the potential of targeting immunometabolism to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
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24
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Stifel U, Wolfschmitt EM, Vogt J, Wachter U, Vettorazzi S, Tews D, Hogg M, Zink F, Koll NM, Winning S, Mounier R, Chazaud B, Radermacher P, Fischer-Posovszky P, Caratti G, Tuckermann J. Glucocorticoids coordinate macrophage metabolism through the regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Mol Metab 2022; 57:101424. [PMID: 34954109 PMCID: PMC8783148 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glucocorticoids (GCs) are one of the most widely prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs. By acting through their cognate receptor, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), GCs downregulate the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and upregulate the expression of anti-inflammatory genes. Metabolic pathways have recently been identified as key parts of both the inflammatory activation and anti-inflammatory polarization of macrophages, immune cells responsible for acute inflammation and tissue repair. It is currently unknown whether GCs control macrophage metabolism, and if so, to what extent metabolic regulation by GCs confers anti-inflammatory activity. METHODS Using transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling of macrophages, we identified GC-controlled pathways involved in metabolism, especially in mitochondrial function. RESULTS Metabolic analyses revealed that GCs repress glycolysis in inflammatory myeloid cells and promote tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux, promoting succinate metabolism and preventing intracellular accumulation of succinate. Inhibition of ATP synthase attenuated GC-induced transcriptional changes, likely through stalling of TCA cycle anaplerosis. We further identified a glycolytic regulatory transcription factor, HIF1α, as regulated by GCs, and as a key regulator of GC responsiveness during inflammatory challenge. CONCLUSIONS Our findings link metabolism to gene regulation by GCs in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Stifel
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Wolfschmitt
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, and Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Josef Vogt
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, and Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wachter
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, and Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel Tews
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Melanie Hogg
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, and Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Fabian Zink
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, and Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nora Maria Koll
- Institut fürPhysiologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Sandra Winning
- Institut fürPhysiologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Rémi Mounier
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Bénédicte Chazaud
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, and Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Giorgio Caratti
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
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25
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Ryan DG, Knatko EV, Casey AM, Hukelmann JL, Dayalan Naidu S, Brenes AJ, Ekkunagul T, Baker C, Higgins M, Tronci L, Nikitopolou E, Honda T, Hartley RC, O’Neill LA, Frezza C, Lamond AI, Abramov AY, Arthur JSC, Cantrell DA, Murphy MP, Dinkova-Kostova AT. Nrf2 activation reprograms macrophage intermediary metabolism and suppresses the type I interferon response. iScience 2022; 25:103827. [PMID: 35198887 PMCID: PMC8844662 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To overcome oxidative, inflammatory, and metabolic stress, cells have evolved cytoprotective protein networks controlled by nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its negative regulator, Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1). Here, using high-resolution mass spectrometry we characterize the proteomes of macrophages with altered Nrf2 status revealing significant differences among the genotypes in metabolism and redox homeostasis, which were validated with respirometry and metabolomics. Nrf2 affected the proteome following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, with alterations in redox, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and innate immunity. Notably, Nrf2 activation promoted mitochondrial fusion. The Keap1 inhibitor, 4-octyl itaconate remodeled the inflammatory macrophage proteome, increasing redox and suppressing type I interferon (IFN) response. Similarly, pharmacologic or genetic Nrf2 activation inhibited the transcription of IFN-β and its downstream effector IFIT2 during LPS stimulation. These data suggest that Nrf2 activation facilitates metabolic reprogramming and mitochondrial adaptation, and finetunes the innate immune response in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan G. Ryan
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena V. Knatko
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, James Arrott Drive, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Alva M. Casey
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jens L. Hukelmann
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Sharadha Dayalan Naidu
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, James Arrott Drive, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Alejandro J. Brenes
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Thanapon Ekkunagul
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, James Arrott Drive, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Christa Baker
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Maureen Higgins
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, James Arrott Drive, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Laura Tronci
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Efterpi Nikitopolou
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tadashi Honda
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - Luke A.J. O’Neill
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christian Frezza
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Angus I. Lamond
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Andrey Y. Abramov
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - J. Simon C. Arthur
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Doreen A. Cantrell
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Michael P. Murphy
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Albena T. Dinkova-Kostova
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, James Arrott Drive, Dundee, Scotland, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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26
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Kotlyarov S, Kotlyarova A. Involvement of Fatty Acids and Their Metabolites in the Development of Inflammation in Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031308. [PMID: 35163232 PMCID: PMC8835729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite all the advances of modern medicine, atherosclerosis continues to be one of the most important medical and social problems. Atherosclerosis is the cause of several cardiovascular diseases, which are associated with high rates of disability and mortality. The development of atherosclerosis is associated with the accumulation of lipids in the arterial intima and the disruption of mechanisms that maintain the balance between the development and resolution of inflammation. Fatty acids are involved in many mechanisms of inflammation development and maintenance. Endothelial cells demonstrate multiple cross-linkages between lipid metabolism and innate immunity. In addition, these processes are linked to hemodynamics and the function of other cells in the vascular wall, highlighting the central role of the endothelium in vascular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Kotlyarova
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia;
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27
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Clayton SA, Daley KK, MacDonald L, Fernandez-Vizarra E, Bottegoni G, O’Neil JD, Major T, Griffin D, Zhuang Q, Adewoye AB, Woolcock K, Jones SW, Goodyear C, Elmesmari A, Filer A, Tennant DA, Alivernini S, Buckley CD, Pitceathly RDS, Kurowska-Stolarska M, Clark AR. Inflammation causes remodeling of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase mediated by the bifunctional gene C15orf48. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabl5182. [PMID: 34878835 PMCID: PMC8654286 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl5182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated mitochondrial function is a hallmark of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), which mediates the rate-limiting step in mitochondrial respiration, is remodeled during development and in response to changes of oxygen availability, but there has been little study of CcO remodeling during inflammation. Here, we describe an elegant molecular switch mediated by the bifunctional transcript C15orf48, which orchestrates the substitution of the CcO subunit NDUFA4 by its paralog C15ORF48 in primary macrophages. Expression of C15orf48 is a conserved response to inflammatory signals and occurs in many immune-related pathologies. In rheumatoid arthritis, C15orf48 mRNA is elevated in peripheral monocytes and proinflammatory synovial tissue macrophages, and its expression positively correlates with disease severity and declines in remission. C15orf48 is also expressed by pathogenic macrophages in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Study of a rare metabolic disease syndrome provides evidence that loss of the NDUFA4 subunit supports proinflammatory macrophage functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A. Clayton
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kalbinder K. Daley
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lucy MacDonald
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Giovanni Bottegoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - John D. O’Neil
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Triin Major
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel Griffin
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Qinqin Zhuang
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adeolu B. Adewoye
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kieran Woolcock
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Simon W. Jones
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Carl Goodyear
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Aziza Elmesmari
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew Filer
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel A. Tennant
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stefano Alivernini
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, Oxford, UK
- Division of Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Christopher D. Buckley
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robert D. S. Pitceathly
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Mariola Kurowska-Stolarska
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew R. Clark
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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28
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Amo-Aparicio J, Garcia-Garcia J, Francos-Quijorna I, Urpi A, Esteve-Codina A, Gut M, Quintana A, Lopez-Vales R. Interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 induce different metabolic profiles in microglia and macrophages that relate with divergent outcomes after spinal cord injury. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:9805-9820. [PMID: 34815787 PMCID: PMC8581417 DOI: 10.7150/thno.65203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Microglia and macrophages adopt a pro-inflammatory phenotype after spinal cord injury (SCI), what is thought to contribute to secondary tissue degeneration. We previously reported that this is due, in part, to the low levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-4. Since IL-13 and IL-4 share receptors and both cytokines drive microglia and macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype in vitro, here we studied whether administration of IL-13 and IL-4 after SCI leads to beneficial effects. Methods: We injected mice with recombinant IL-13 or IL-4 at 48 h after SCI and assessed their effects on microglia and macrophage phenotype and functional outcomes. We also performed RNA sequencing analysis of macrophages and microglia sorted from the injured spinal cords of mice treated with IL-13 or IL-4 and evaluated the metabolic state of these cells by using Seahorse technology. Results: We observed that IL-13 induced the expression of anti-inflammatory markers in microglia and macrophages after SCI but, in contrast to IL-4, it failed to mediate functional recovery. We found that these two cytokines induced different gene signatures in microglia and macrophages after SCI and that IL-4, in contrast to IL-13, shifted microglia and macrophage metabolism from glycolytic to oxidative phosphorylation. These findings were further confirmed by measuring the metabolic profile of these cells. Importantly, we also revealed that macrophages stimulated with IL-4 or IL-13 are not deleterious to neurons, but they become cytotoxic when oxidative metabolism is blocked. This suggests that the metabolic shift, from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation, is required to minimize the cytotoxic responses of microglia and macrophages. Conclusions: These results reveal that the metabolic fitness of microglia and macrophages after SCI contributes to secondary damage and that strategies aimed at boosting oxidative phosphorylation might be a novel approach to minimize the deleterious actions of microglia and macrophages in neurotrauma.
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29
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Matsumoto H, Scicluna BP, Jim KK, Falahi F, Qin W, Gürkan B, Malmström E, Meijer MT, Butler JM, Khan HN, Takagi T, Ishii S, Schultz MJ, van de Beek D, de Vos AF, van 't Veer C, van der Poll T. HIVEP1 Is a Negative Regulator of NF-κB That Inhibits Systemic Inflammation in Sepsis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:744358. [PMID: 34804025 PMCID: PMC8602905 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.744358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous work identified human immunodeficiency virus type I enhancer binding protein 1 (HIVEP1) as a putative driver of LPS-induced NF-κB signaling in humans in vivo. While HIVEP1 is known to interact with NF-ĸB binding DNA motifs, its function in mammalian cells is unknown. We report increased HIVEP1 mRNA expression in monocytes from patients with sepsis and monocytes stimulated by Toll-like receptor agonists and bacteria. In complementary overexpression and gene deletion experiments HIVEP1 was shown to inhibit NF-ĸB activity and induction of NF-ĸB responsive genes. RNA sequencing demonstrated profound transcriptomic changes in HIVEP1 deficient monocytic cells and transcription factor binding site analysis showed enrichment for κB site regions. HIVEP1 bound to the promoter regions of NF-ĸB responsive genes. Inhibition of cytokine production by HIVEP1 was confirmed in LPS-stimulated murine Hivep1-/- macrophages and HIVEP1 knockdown zebrafish exposed to the common sepsis pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae. These results identify HIVEP1 as a negative regulator of NF-κB in monocytes/macrophages that inhibits proinflammatory reactions in response to bacterial agonists in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisatake Matsumoto
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Brendon P Scicluna
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kin Ki Jim
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Fahimeh Falahi
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wanhai Qin
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Berke Gürkan
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Erik Malmström
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mariska T Meijer
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joe M Butler
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hina N Khan
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tsuyoshi Takagi
- Department of Disease Model, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Marcus J Schultz
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L·E·I·C·A), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Diederik van de Beek
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alex F de Vos
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cornelis van 't Veer
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Russo S, Kwiatkowski M, Govorukhina N, Bischoff R, Melgert BN. Meta-Inflammation and Metabolic Reprogramming of Macrophages in Diabetes and Obesity: The Importance of Metabolites. Front Immunol 2021; 12:746151. [PMID: 34804028 PMCID: PMC8602812 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.746151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus type II and obesity are two important causes of death in modern society. They are characterized by low-grade chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction (meta-inflammation), which is observed in all tissues involved in energy homeostasis. A substantial body of evidence has established an important role for macrophages in these tissues during the development of diabetes mellitus type II and obesity. Macrophages can activate into specialized subsets by cues from their microenvironment to handle a variety of tasks. Many different subsets have been described and in diabetes/obesity literature two main classifications are widely used that are also defined by differential metabolic reprogramming taking place to fuel their main functions. Classically activated, pro-inflammatory macrophages (often referred to as M1) favor glycolysis, produce lactate instead of metabolizing pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, and have a tricarboxylic acid cycle that is interrupted at two points. Alternatively activated macrophages (often referred to as M2) mainly use beta-oxidation of fatty acids and oxidative phosphorylation to create energy-rich molecules such as ATP and are involved in tissue repair and downregulation of inflammation. Since diabetes type II and obesity are characterized by metabolic alterations at the organism level, these alterations may also induce changes in macrophage metabolism resulting in unique macrophage activation patterns in diabetes and obesity. This review describes the interactions between metabolic reprogramming of macrophages and conditions of metabolic dysfunction like diabetes and obesity. We also focus on different possibilities of measuring a range of metabolites intra-and extracellularly in a precise and comprehensive manner to better identify the subsets of polarized macrophages that are unique to diabetes and obesity. Advantages and disadvantages of the currently most widely used metabolite analysis approaches are highlighted. We further describe how their combined use may serve to provide a comprehensive overview of the metabolic changes that take place intracellularly during macrophage activation in conditions like diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Russo
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marcel Kwiatkowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natalia Govorukhina
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Barbro N Melgert
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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31
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Noe JT, Rendon BE, Geller AE, Conroy LR, Morrissey SM, Young LE, Bruntz RC, Kim EJ, Wise-Mitchell A, Barbosa de Souza Rizzo M, Relich ER, Baby BV, Johnson LA, Affronti HC, McMasters KM, Clem BF, Gentry MS, Yan J, Wellen KE, Sun RC, Mitchell RA. Lactate supports a metabolic-epigenetic link in macrophage polarization. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabi8602. [PMID: 34767443 PMCID: PMC8589316 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi8602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Lactate accumulation is a hallmark of solid cancers and is linked to the immune suppressive phenotypes of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. We report herein that interleukin-4 (IL-4)–induced M0 → M2 macrophage polarization is accompanied by interchangeable glucose- or lactate-dependent tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolism that directly drives histone acetylation, M2 gene transcription, and functional immune suppression. Lactate-dependent M0 → M2 polarization requires both mitochondrial pyruvate uptake and adenosine triphosphate–citrate lyase (ACLY) enzymatic activity. Notably, exogenous acetate rescues defective M2 polarization and histone acetylation following mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1) inhibition or ACLY deficiency. Lastly, M2 macrophage–dependent tumor progression is impaired by conditional macrophage ACLY deficiency, further supporting a dominant role for glucose/lactate mitochondrial metabolism and histone acetylation in driving immune evasion. This work adds to our understanding of how mitochondrial metabolism affects macrophage functional phenotypes and identifies a unique tumor microenvironment (TME)–driven metabolic-epigenetic link in M2 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan T. Noe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- J.G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Beatriz E. Rendon
- J.G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Anne E. Geller
- J.G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Lindsey R. Conroy
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Samantha M. Morrissey
- J.G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Lyndsay E.A. Young
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Ronald C. Bruntz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Eun J. Kim
- J.G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | | | | | - Eric R. Relich
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Becca V. Baby
- J.G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Lance A. Johnson
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40356, USA
| | - Hayley C. Affronti
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kelly M. McMasters
- J.G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Division of Immunotherapy, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Brian F. Clem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- J.G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Matthew S. Gentry
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jun Yan
- J.G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Division of Immunotherapy, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Kathryn E. Wellen
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ramon C. Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40356, USA
| | - Robert A. Mitchell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- J.G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Division of Immunotherapy, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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The J2-Immortalized Murine Macrophage Cell Line Displays Phenotypical and Metabolic Features of Primary BMDMs in Their M1 and M2 Polarization State. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215478. [PMID: 34771641 PMCID: PMC8582589 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Evidence of the role of macrophages in promoting cancer progression has prompted scientists to investigate innate immune cell function in order to identify targetable checkpoint for reverting the protumoral functions of macrophages. Primary cultures isolated from mice necessary to investigate the mechanisms mediating immune cell activation require expensive and time-consuming breeding and housing of mice strains. We obtained an in-house generated immortalized macrophage cell line from BMDMs. In the present study, we characterize this cell line both from a functional and metabolic point of view, comparing the different parameters to those obtained from the primary counterpart. Our results indicate that classically and alternatively immortalized macrophages display similar phenotypical, metabolic and functional features to primary cells polarized in the same way, validating their use for in vitro studies relevant to the understanding and targeting of immune cell functions within tumors. Abstract Macrophages are immune cells that are important for the development of the defensive front line of the innate immune system. Following signal recognition, macrophages undergo activation toward specific functional states, consisting not only in the acquisition of specific features but also of peculiar metabolic programs associated with each function. For these reasons, macrophages are often isolated from mice to perform cellular assays to study the mechanisms mediating immune cell activation. This requires expensive and time-consuming breeding and housing of mice strains. To overcome this issue, we analyzed an in-house J2-generated immortalized macrophage cell line from BMDMs, both from a functional and metabolic point of view. By assaying the intracellular and extracellular metabolism coupled with the phenotypic features of immortalized versus primary BMDMs, we concluded that classically and alternatively immortalized macrophages display similar phenotypical, metabolic and functional features compared to primary cells polarized in the same way. Our study validates the use of this immortalized cell line as a suitable model with which to evaluate in vitro how perturbations can influence the phenotypical and functional features of murine macrophages.
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Zhang Y, Yuan D, Li Y, Yang F, Hou L, Yu Y, Sun C, Duan G, Meng C, Yan H, Li D, Gao Y, Sun T, Zhu C. Paraquat promotes acute lung injury in rats by regulating alveolar macrophage polarization through glycolysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 223:112571. [PMID: 34352584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates whether paraquat (PQ) regulates polarization of alveolar macrophages through glycolysis and promotes the occurrence of acute lung injury in rats. In vivo, the PQ intraperitoneal injection was used to construct a model of acute lung injury in rats. In vitro, the study measured the effect of different concentrations of PQ on the viability of the alveolar macrophages, and explored the polarization and glycolysis metabolism of alveolar macrophages at different time points after PQ intervention. Compared with the normal control (NC) group, the lung pathological damage in rats increased gradually after PQ poisoning, reaching a significant degree at 48 h after poisoning. The PQ-poisoned rat serum showed increased expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), and M1 macrophage marker, iNOS, while the expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and M2 macrophage marker, Arg1, decreased. The toxic effect of PQ on alveolar macrophages was dose- and time-dependent. Compared with the NC group, IL-6 and TNF-α in the cell supernatant gradually increased after PQ intervention, while the IL-10 content gradually decreased. The PQ intervention in alveolar macrophages increased the expression of intracellular glycolysis rate-limiting enzyme pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 (PKM1/M2), lactate, lactate/pyruvate ratio, and the polarization of alveolar macrophage towards M1. Inhibition of cellular glycolysis significantly reduced the PQ-induced alveolar macrophage polarization to M1 type. Thus, PQ induced increased polarization of lung macrophages toward M1 and decreased polarization toward M2, promoting acute lung injury. Therefore, it can be concluded that PQ regulates the polarization of alveolar macrophages through glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Ding Yuan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yi Li
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Linlin Hou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yanwu Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Changhua Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Guoyu Duan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Cuicui Meng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Hongyi Yan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Dongxu Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yanxia Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Tongwen Sun
- General ICU, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Henan Engineering Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Changju Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zheng H, He Y, Jia H, Zhang L, Lin C, Chen S, Zheng J, Yang Q, Liu T, Pan X, Zhang H, Wang C, Ren L, Shan W. In Situ biomimetic Nanoformulation for metastatic cancer immunotherapy. Acta Biomater 2021; 134:633-648. [PMID: 34329780 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients. Eliciting anti-tumor immune responses against lung metastasis is hindered by the immunosuppressive microenvironment. This study explored a biomimetic nanoformulation, comprising a nanovaccine (OP) that delivers tumor antigens and adjuvants spatially and temporally in a virus-like manner, and a pulmonary surfactant-biomimetic liposome with an immunomodulator, JQ1 (PS-JQ1). The findings of this study showed that intratracheal administration of OP+PS-JQ1 activated lung immune cells without concomitant excess inflammation, enhanced tumor antigen cross-presentation, generated a significantly high antigen-specific CD8+ T cell response, and reshaped the immunocellular composition in B16 melanoma tumor-bearing lung. OP+PS-JQ1 nanoformulation exhibited a striking immunotherapeutic efficacy, induced local and systemic tumor suppression, improved survival of mice, initiated immune memory that prevents recurrence of secondary tumors. This stable and nontoxic nanoformulation provides a simple, flexible, and robust strategy for augmenting anti-tumor immunity for metastatic cancer. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Egg glue proteins are produced by female insects, which can make the eggs firmly attached to the oviposition sites, not affected by wind and rain. However, genes encoding insect egg glue proteins have not yet been reported, and the molecular mechanism underpinning their adhesion is still unknown. Our study makes a significant contribution to the literature as it identifies the sequence, structure, adhesive property, and mechanism of silkworm egg glue protein. Furthermore, it outlines key insights into the structure-function relationships associated with egg glue proteins. We believe that this paper will be of interest to the readership of your journal as it identifies the first complete sequence of insect egg glue proteins, thereby highlighting their potentials future applications in both the biomedical and technical fields.
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Xu J, Wang L, Yang Q, Ma Q, Zhou Y, Cai Y, Mao X, Da Q, Lu T, Su Y, Bagi Z, Lucas R, Liu Z, Hong M, Ouyang K, Huo Y. Deficiency of Myeloid Pfkfb3 Protects Mice From Lung Edema and Cardiac Dysfunction in LPS-Induced Endotoxemia. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:745810. [PMID: 34660743 PMCID: PMC8511447 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.745810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a pathology resulting from excessive inflammatory response that leads to multiple organ failure, is a major cause of mortality in intensive care units. Macrophages play an important role in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Accumulating evidence has suggested an upregulated rate of aerobic glycolysis as a key common feature of activated proinflammatory macrophages. Here, we identified a crucial role of myeloid 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (Pfkfb3), a glycolytic activator in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia in mice. Pfkfb3 expression is substantially increased in bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) treated with LPS in vitro and in lung macrophages of mice challenged with LPS in vivo. Myeloid-specific knockout of Pfkfb3 in mice protects against LPS-induced lung edema, cardiac dysfunction and hypotension, which were associated with decreased expression of interleukin 1 beta (Il1b), interleukin 6 (Il6) and nitric oxide synthase 2 (Nos2), as well as reduced infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages in lung tissue. Pfkfb3 ablation in cultured macrophages attenuated LPS-induced glycolytic flux, resulting in a decrease in proinflammatory gene expression. Mechanistically, Pfkfb3 ablation or inhibition with a Pfkfb3 inhibitor AZ26 suppresses LPS-induced proinflammatory gene expression via the NF-κB signaling pathway. In summary, our study reveals the critical role of Pfkfb3 in LPS-induced sepsis via reprogramming macrophage metabolism and regulating proinflammatory gene expression. Therefore, PFKFB3 is a potential target for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases such as sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiean Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Qiuhua Yang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Qian Ma
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Yaqi Zhou
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Yongfeng Cai
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Xiaoxiao Mao
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Qingen Da
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tammy Lu
- Oxford College, Emory University, Oxford, GA, United States
| | - Yunchao Su
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Zsolt Bagi
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Zhiping Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqing Huo
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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Wei Y, Ding J, Li J, Cai S, Liu S, Hong L, Yin T, Zhang Y, Diao L. Metabolic Reprogramming of Immune Cells at the Maternal-Fetal Interface and the Development of Techniques for Immunometabolism. Front Immunol 2021; 12:717014. [PMID: 34566973 PMCID: PMC8458575 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.717014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunity and metabolism are interdependent and coordinated, which are the core mechanisms for the body to maintain homeostasis. In tumor immunology research, immunometabolism has been a research hotspot and has achieved groundbreaking changes in recent years. However, in the field of maternal-fetal medicine, research on immunometabolism is still lagging. Reports directly investigating the roles of immunometabolism in the endometrial microenvironment and regulation of maternal-fetal immune tolerance are relatively few. This review highlights the leading techniques used to study immunometabolism and their development, the immune cells at the maternal-fetal interface and their metabolic features required for the implementation of their functions, explores the interaction between immunometabolism and pregnancy regulation based on little evidence and clues, and attempts to propose some new research directions and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Wei
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinli Ding
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianan Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Songchen Cai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology of Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Su Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology of Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Jinxin Medical Technology Innovation Center, Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling Hong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology of Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Jinxin Medical Technology Innovation Center, Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Tailang Yin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lianghui Diao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology of Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Jinxin Medical Technology Innovation Center, Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
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Sinclair JW, Hoying DR, Bresciani E, Nogare DD, Needle CD, Berger A, Wu W, Bishop K, Elkahloun AG, Chitnis A, Liu P, Burgess SM. The Warburg effect is necessary to promote glycosylation in the blastema during zebrafish tail regeneration. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:55. [PMID: 34518542 PMCID: PMC8437957 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00163-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout their lifetime, fish maintain a high capacity for regenerating complex tissues after injury. We utilized a larval tail regeneration assay in the zebrafish Danio rerio, which serves as an ideal model of appendage regeneration due to its easy manipulation, relatively simple mixture of cell types, and superior imaging properties. Regeneration of the embryonic zebrafish tail requires development of a blastema, a mass of dedifferentiated cells capable of replacing lost tissue, a crucial step in all known examples of appendage regeneration. Using this model, we show that tail amputation triggers an obligate metabolic shift to promote glucose metabolism during early regeneration similar to the Warburg effect observed in tumor forming cells. Inhibition of glucose metabolism did not affect the overall health of the embryo but completely blocked the tail from regenerating after amputation due to the failure to form a functional blastema. We performed a time series of single-cell RNA sequencing on regenerating tails with and without inhibition of glucose metabolism. We demonstrated that metabolic reprogramming is required for sustained TGF-β signaling and blocking glucose metabolism largely mimicked inhibition of TGF-β receptors, both resulting in an aberrant blastema. Finally, we showed using genetic ablation of three possible metabolic pathways for glucose, that metabolic reprogramming is required to provide glucose specifically to the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway while neither glycolysis nor the pentose phosphate pathway were necessary for regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason W Sinclair
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David R Hoying
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erica Bresciani
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Damian Dalle Nogare
- Aquatic Models of Human Development Affinity Group, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carli D Needle
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexandra Berger
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Bishop
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Abdel G Elkahloun
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ajay Chitnis
- Aquatic Models of Human Development Affinity Group, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul Liu
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shawn M Burgess
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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38
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van Doorn CLR, Schouten GK, van Veen S, Walburg KV, Esselink JJ, Heemskerk MT, Vrieling F, Ottenhoff THM. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase Inhibitor Dichloroacetate Improves Host Control of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infection in Human Macrophages. Front Immunol 2021; 12:739938. [PMID: 34552598 PMCID: PMC8450447 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.739938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Global increases in the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance highlight the urgent need for novel strategies to combat infectious diseases. Recent studies suggest that host metabolic pathways play a key role in host control of intracellular bacterial pathogens. In this study we explored the potential of targeting host metabolic pathways for innovative host-directed therapy (HDT) against intracellular bacterial infections. Through gene expression profiling in human macrophages, pyruvate metabolism was identified as potential key pathway involved in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (Stm) infections. Next, the effect of targeting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) - which are regulators of the metabolic checkpoint pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) - on macrophage function and bacterial control was studied. Chemical inhibition of PDKs by dichloroacetate (DCA) induced PDC activation and was accompanied with metabolic rewiring in classically activated macrophages (M1) but not in alternatively activated macrophages (M2), suggesting cell-type specific effects of dichloroacetate on host metabolism. Furthermore, DCA treatment had minor impact on cytokine and chemokine secretion on top of infection, but induced significant ROS production by M1 and M2. DCA markedly and rapidly reduced intracellular survival of Stm, but interestingly not Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in human macrophages in a host-directed manner. In conclusion, DCA represents a promising novel HDT compound targeting pyruvate metabolism for the treatment of Stm infections.
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Dey AK, Nougarède A, Clément F, Fournier C, Jouvin-Marche E, Escudé M, Jary D, Navarro FP, Marche PN. Tuning the Immunostimulation Properties of Cationic Lipid Nanocarriers for Nucleic Acid Delivery. Front Immunol 2021; 12:722411. [PMID: 34497612 PMCID: PMC8419413 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.722411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonviral systems, such as lipid nanoparticles, have emerged as reliable methods to enable nucleic acid intracellular delivery. The use of cationic lipids in various formulations of lipid nanoparticles enables the formation of complexes with nucleic acid cargo and facilitates their uptake by target cells. However, due to their small size and highly charged nature, these nanocarrier systems can interact in vivo with antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. As this might prove to be a safety concern for developing therapies based on lipid nanocarriers, we sought to understand how they could affect the physiology of APCs. In the present study, we investigate the cellular and metabolic response of primary macrophages or DCs exposed to the neutral or cationic variant of the same lipid nanoparticle formulation. We demonstrate that macrophages are the cells affected most significantly and that the cationic nanocarrier has a substantial impact on their physiology, depending on the positive surface charge. Our study provides a first model explaining the impact of charged lipid materials on immune cells and demonstrates that the primary adverse effects observed can be prevented by fine-tuning the load of nucleic acid cargo. Finally, we bring rationale to calibrate the nucleic acid load of cationic lipid nanocarriers depending on whether immunostimulation is desirable with the intended therapeutic application, for instance, gene delivery or messenger RNA vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam K. Dey
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, St Martin d’Hères, France
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Adrien Nougarède
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, St Martin d’Hères, France
- CEA, LETI, Division for Biology and Healthcare Technologies, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, Grenoble, France
| | - Flora Clément
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, St Martin d’Hères, France
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, La Tronche, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biomics, Grenoble, France
| | - Carole Fournier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, St Martin d’Hères, France
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Evelyne Jouvin-Marche
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, St Martin d’Hères, France
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Marie Escudé
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, St Martin d’Hères, France
- CEA, LETI, Division for Biology and Healthcare Technologies, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, Grenoble, France
| | - Dorothée Jary
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, St Martin d’Hères, France
- CEA, LETI, Division for Biology and Healthcare Technologies, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabrice P. Navarro
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, St Martin d’Hères, France
- CEA, LETI, Division for Biology and Healthcare Technologies, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, Grenoble, France
| | - Patrice N. Marche
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, St Martin d’Hères, France
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, La Tronche, France
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40
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Gu Z, Liu T, Liu C, Yang Y, Tang J, Song H, Wang Y, Yang Y, Yu C. Ferroptosis-Strengthened Metabolic and Inflammatory Regulation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages Provokes Potent Tumoricidal Activities. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:6471-6479. [PMID: 34292757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) holds promise for cancer treatment, mainly relying on M1 signaling activation and pro-inflammatory promotion. Nevertheless, the antitumor activity is often limited by the anti-inflammatory factors in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, the metabolic function of TAMs is also critical to tumor progression. However, there are a few strategies that can simultaneously regulate both inflammatory and metabolic functions to achieve safe and potent antitumor activation of TAMs. Herein, we demonstrate that an iron-based metal organic framework nanoparticle and a ferroptosis-inducing agent synergistically induce mitochondrial alternation in TAMs, resulting in a radical metabolic switch from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, which is resistant to anti-inflammatory stimuli challenge. The ferroptosis stress strengthened by the nanoformulation also drives multiple pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, enabling macrophage activation with potent tumoricidal activities. The ferroptosis-strengthened macrophage regulation strategy present in this study paves the way for TAM-centered antitumoral treatment to overcome the limitations of conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengying Gu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Tianqing Liu
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Yannan Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jie Tang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hao Song
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yue Wang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yang Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chengzhong Yu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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41
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Nabar NR, Heijjer CN, Shi CS, Hwang IY, Ganesan S, Karlsson MCI, Kehrl JH. LRRK2 is required for CD38-mediated NAADP-Ca 2+ signaling and the downstream activation of TFEB (transcription factor EB) in immune cells. Autophagy 2021; 18:204-222. [PMID: 34313548 PMCID: PMC8865229 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1954779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
CD38 is a cell surface receptor capable of generating calcium-mobilizing second messengers. It has been implicated in host defense and cancer biology, but signaling mechanisms downstream of CD38 remain unclear. Mutations in LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2) are the most common genetic cause of Parkinson disease; it is also a risk factor for Crohn disease, leprosy, and certain types of cancers. The pathogenesis of these diseases involves inflammation and macroautophagy/autophagy, processes both CD38 and LRRK2 are implicated in. Here, we mechanistically and functionally link CD38 and LRRK2 as upstream activators of TFEB (transcription factor EB), a host defense transcription factor and the master transcriptional regulator of the autophagy/lysosome machinery. In B-lymphocytes and macrophages, we show that CD38 and LRRK2 exist in a complex on the plasma membrane. Ligation of CD38 with the monoclonal antibody clone 90 results in internalization of the CD38-LRRK2 complex and its targeting to the endolysosomal system. This generates an NAADP-dependent calcium signal, which requires LRRK2 kinase activity, and results in the downstream activation of TFEB. lrrk2 KO macrophages accordingly have TFEB activation defects following CD38 or LPS stimulation and fail to switch to glycolytic metabolism after LPS treatment. In overexpression models, the pathogenic LRRK2G2019S mutant promotes hyperactivation of TFEB even in the absence of CD38, both by stabilizing TFEB and promoting its nuclear translocation via aberrant calcium signaling. In sum, we have identified a physiological CD38-LRRK2-TFEB signaling axis in immune cells. The common pathogenic mutant, LRRK2G2019S, appears to hijack this pathway. Abbreviations:ADPR: ADP-ribose; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; BMDM: bone marrow-derived macrophage; cADPR: cyclic-ADP-ribose; COR: C-terminal of ROC; CTSD: cathepsin D; ECAR: extracellular acidification rate; EDTA: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GFP: green fluorescent protein; GPN: Gly-Phe β-naphthylamide; GSK3B/GSK3β: glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta; GTP: guanosine triphosphate; KD: knockdown; LAMP1: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1; LRR: leucine rich repeat; LRRK2: leucine rich repeat kinase 2; mAb: monoclonal antibody; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MAPK/ERK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; MCOLN1: mucolipin 1; MFI: mean fluorescence intensity; mRNA: messenger RNA; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NAADP: nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NAD: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NADP: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; PD: Parkinson disease; PPP3CB: protein phosphatase 3, catalytic subunit, beta isoform; q-RT-PCR: quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; ROC: Ras of complex; siRNA: small interfering RNA; SQSTM1/p62: sequestome 1; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TPCN: two pore channel; TRPM2: transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2; ZKSCAN3: zinc finger with KRAB and SCAN domains 3
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Affiliation(s)
- Neel R Nabar
- B Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher N Heijjer
- B Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chong-Shan Shi
- B Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Il-Young Hwang
- B Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sundar Ganesan
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mikael C I Karlsson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John H Kehrl
- B Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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42
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Christopoulos PF, Grigalavicius M, Corthay A, Berg K, Theodossiou TA. Reactive Species from Two-Signal Activated Macrophages Interfere with Their Oxygen Consumption Measurements. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071149. [PMID: 34356382 PMCID: PMC8301004 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic modulation of macrophage activation has emerged as a promising strategy lately in immunotherapeutics. However, macrophages have a broad spectrum of functions and thus, understanding the exact metabolic changes that drive a particular immune response, is of major importance. In our previous work, we have reported a key role of nitric oxide (NO●) in two(2)-signal activated macrophages [M(2-signals)]. Further characterization using metabolic analysis in intact cells, showed that the basal and maximal respiration levels of M(2-signals) were comparable, with cells being unresponsive to the injections-inducd mitochondrial stress. Here, we show that excessive NO● secretion by the M(2-signals) macrophages, interferes with the oxygen (O2) consumption measurements on cells using the seahorse metabolic analyzer. This is attributed mainly to the consumption of ambient oxygen by NO● to form NO2− and/or NO3− but also to the reduction of O2 to superoxide anion (O2●−) by stray electrons from the electron transport chain, leading to the formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO−). We found that reactive species-donors in the absence of cells, produce comparable oxygen consumption rates (OCR) with M(2-signals) macrophages. Furthermore, inhibition of NO● production, partly recovered the respiration of activated macrophages, while external addition of NO● in non-activated macrophages downregulated their OCR levels. Our findings are crucial for the accurate metabolic characterization of cells, especially in cases where reactive nitrogen or oxygen species are produced in excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis F. Christopoulos
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway;
- Correspondence: (P.F.C.); (T.A.T.)
| | - Mantas Grigalavicius
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (M.G.); (K.B.)
| | - Alexandre Corthay
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Kristian Berg
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (M.G.); (K.B.)
| | - Theodossis A. Theodossiou
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (M.G.); (K.B.)
- Correspondence: (P.F.C.); (T.A.T.)
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43
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Qu L, Lin X, Liu C, Ke C, Zhou Z, Xu K, Cao G, Liu Y. Atractylodin Attenuates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis by Alleviating Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Inhibiting Inflammatory Response Through the MAPK Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:665376. [PMID: 34335244 PMCID: PMC8320761 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.665376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and mechanism of atractylodin (ATL) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. We found that atractylodin could significantly reverse the effects of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, such as weight loss, disease activity index score; shorten the colon length, and reverse the pathological changes in the colon of mice. Atractylodin could inhibit the activation of colonic macrophages by inhibiting the MAPK pathway and alleviate intestinal inflammation in the mouse model of ulcerative colitis. Moreover, it could protect the intestinal barrier by inhibiting the decrease of the tight junction proteins, ZO-1, occludin, and MUC2. Additionally, atractylodin could decrease the abundance of harmful bacteria and increase that of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract of mice, effectively improving the intestinal microecology. In an LPS-induced macrophage model, atractylodin could inhibit the MAPK pathway and expression of the inflammatory factors of macrophages. Atractylodin could also inhibit the production of lactate, which is the end product of glycolysis; inhibit the activity of GAPDH, which is an important rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis; inhibit the malonylation of GAPDH, and, thus, inhibit the translation of TNF-α. Therefore, ours is the first study to highlight the potential of atractylodin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and reveal its possible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghang Qu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiong Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunlian Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Ke
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongshi Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Kang Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Guosheng Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanju Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan, China
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44
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Zhang Q, Wang J, Yadav DK, Bai X, Liang T. Glucose Metabolism: The Metabolic Signature of Tumor Associated Macrophage. Front Immunol 2021; 12:702580. [PMID: 34267763 PMCID: PMC8276123 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.702580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages exist in most tissues of the body, where they perform various functions at the same time equilibrating with other cells to maintain immune responses in numerous diseases including cancer. Recently, emerging investigations revealed that metabolism profiles control macrophage phenotypes and functions, and in turn, polarization can trigger metabolic shifts in macrophages. Those findings implicate a special role of metabolism in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) because of the sophisticated microenvironment in cancer. Glucose is the major energy source of cells, especially for TAMs. However, the complicated association between TAMs and their glucose metabolism is still unclearly illustrated. Here, we review the recent advances in macrophage and glucose metabolism within the tumor microenvironment, and the significant transformations that occur in TAMs during the tumor progression. Additionally, we have also outlined the potential implications for macrophage-based therapies in cancer targeting TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junli Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dipesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueli Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
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45
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Metabolomic Reprogramming of C57BL/6-Macrophages during Early Infection with L. amazonensis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136883. [PMID: 34206906 PMCID: PMC8267886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmania survival inside macrophages depends on factors that lead to the immune response evasion during the infection. In this context, the metabolic scenario of the host cell-parasite relationship can be crucial to understanding how this parasite can survive inside host cells due to the host's metabolic pathways reprogramming. In this work, we aimed to analyze metabolic networks of bone marrow-derived macrophages from C57BL/6 mice infected with Leishmania amazonensis wild type (La-WT) or arginase knocked out (La-arg-), using the untargeted Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry (CE-MS) approach to assess metabolomic profile. Macrophages showed specific changes in metabolite abundance upon Leishmania infection, as well as in the absence of parasite-arginase. The absence of L. amazonensis-arginase promoted the regulation of both host and parasite urea cycle, glycine and serine metabolism, ammonia recycling, metabolism of arginine, proline, aspartate, glutamate, spermidine, spermine, methylhistidine, and glutathione metabolism. The increased L-arginine, L-citrulline, L-glutamine, oxidized glutathione, S-adenosylmethionine, N-acetylspermidine, trypanothione disulfide, and trypanothione levels were observed in La-WT-infected C57BL/6-macrophage compared to uninfected. The absence of parasite arginase increased L-arginine, argininic acid, and citrulline levels and reduced ornithine, putrescine, S-adenosylmethionine, glutamic acid, proline, N-glutamyl-alanine, glutamyl-arginine, trypanothione disulfide, and trypanothione when compared to La-WT infected macrophage. Moreover, the absence of parasite arginase leads to an increase in NO production levels and a higher infectivity rate at 4 h of infection. The data presented here show a host-dependent regulation of metabolomic profiles of C57BL/6 macrophages compared to the previously observed BALB/c macrophages infected with L. amazonensis, an important fact due to the dual and contrasting macrophage phenotypes of those mice. In addition, the Leishmania-arginase showed interference with the urea cycle, glycine, and glutathione metabolism during host-pathogen interactions.
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46
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Luque-Campos N, Bustamante-Barrientos FA, Pradenas C, García C, Araya MJ, Bohaud C, Contreras-López R, Elizondo-Vega R, Djouad F, Luz-Crawford P, Vega-Letter AM. The Macrophage Response Is Driven by Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming. Front Immunol 2021; 12:624746. [PMID: 34149687 PMCID: PMC8213396 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.624746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult stromal cells widely studied for their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. They are capable of modulating macrophage plasticity depending on various microenvironmental signals. Current studies have shown that metabolic changes can also affect macrophage fate and function. Indeed, changes in the environment prompt phenotype change. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss how MSCs orchestrate macrophage’s metabolic plasticity and the impact on their function. An improved understanding of the crosstalk between macrophages and MSCs will improve our knowledge of MSC’s therapeutic potential in the context of inflammatory diseases, cancer, and tissue repair processes in which macrophages are pivotal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noymar Luque-Campos
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Programa de Doctorado en Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe A Bustamante-Barrientos
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Pradenas
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cynthia García
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Jesús Araya
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Roberto Elizondo-Vega
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Patricia Luz-Crawford
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana María Vega-Letter
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Cells for Cells, Regenero, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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47
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Bahadoran A, Bezavada L, Smallwood HS. Fueling influenza and the immune response: Implications for metabolic reprogramming during influenza infection and immunometabolism. Immunol Rev 2021; 295:140-166. [PMID: 32320072 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies support the notion that glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation are rheostats in immune cells whose bioenergetics have functional outputs in terms of their biology. Specific intrinsic and extrinsic molecular factors function as molecular potentiometers to adjust and control glycolytic to respiratory power output. In many cases, these potentiometers are used by influenza viruses and immune cells to support pathogenesis and the host immune response, respectively. Influenza virus infects the respiratory tract, providing a specific environmental niche, while immune cells encounter variable nutrient concentrations as they migrate in response to infection. Immune cell subsets have distinct metabolic programs that adjust to meet energetic and biosynthetic requirements to support effector functions, differentiation, and longevity in their ever-changing microenvironments. This review details how influenza coopts the host cell for metabolic reprogramming and describes the overlap of these regulatory controls in immune cells whose function and fate are dictated by metabolism. These details are contextualized with emerging evidence of the consequences of influenza-induced changes in metabolic homeostasis on disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Bahadoran
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lavanya Bezavada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Heather S Smallwood
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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48
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McKell MC, Crowther RR, Schmidt SM, Robillard MC, Cantrell R, Lehn MA, Janssen EM, Qualls JE. Promotion of Anti-Tuberculosis Macrophage Activity by L-Arginine in the Absence of Nitric Oxide. Front Immunol 2021; 12:653571. [PMID: 34054815 PMCID: PMC8160513 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.653571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are indispensable immune cells tasked at eliminating intracellular pathogens. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), one of the most virulent intracellular bacterial pathogens known to man, infects and resides within macrophages. While macrophages can be provoked by extracellular stimuli to inhibit and kill Mtb bacilli, these host defense mechanisms can be blocked by limiting nutritional metabolites, such as amino acids. The amino acid L-arginine has been well described to enhance immune function, especially in the context of driving macrophage nitric oxide (NO) production in mice. In this study, we aimed to establish the necessity of L-arginine on anti-Mtb macrophage function independent of NO. Utilizing an in vitro system, we identified that macrophages relied on NO for only half of their L-arginine-mediated host defenses and this L-arginine-mediated defense in the absence of NO was associated with enhanced macrophage numbers and viability. Additionally, we observed macrophage glycolysis to be driven by both L-arginine and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and inhibition of glycolysis or mTOR reduced macrophage control of Mtb as well as macrophage number and viability in the presence of L-arginine. Our data underscore L-arginine as an essential nutrient for macrophage function, not only by fueling anti-mycobacterial NO production, but also as a central regulator of macrophage metabolism and additional host defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie C McKell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Rebecca R Crowther
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Stephanie M Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Michelle C Robillard
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Rachel Cantrell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Maria A Lehn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Edith M Janssen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Joseph E Qualls
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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49
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Špaková I, Rabajdová M, Mičková H, Graier WF, Mareková M. Effect of hypoxia factors gene silencing on ROS production and metabolic status of A375 malignant melanoma cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10325. [PMID: 33990669 PMCID: PMC8121821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89792-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate response of melanocytes to exogenous or endogenous stress stimuli like extreme pH and temperature, metabolite and oxygen deficiency or a high UV dose initiates a cellular stress response. This process activates adaptive processes to minimize the negative impact of the stressor on the pigment cell. Under physiological conditions, a non-cancer cell is directed to apoptosis if the stressor persists. However, malignant melanoma cells will survive persistent stress thanks to distinct "cancerous" signaling pathways (e.g. MEK) and transcription factors that regulate the expression of so-called "survival genes" (e.g. HIF, MITF). In this survival response of cancer cells, MEK pathway directs melanoma cells to deregulate mitochondrial metabolism, to accumulate reduced species (NADH), and to centralize metabolism in the cytosol. The aim of this work was to study the effect of gene silencing in malignant melanoma A375 cells on metabolic processes in cytosol and mitochondria. Gene silencing of HIF-1α, and miR-210 in normoxia and pseudohypoxia, and analysis of its effect on MITF-M, and PDHA1 expression. Detection of cytosolic NADH by Peredox-mCherry Assay. Detection of OCR, and ECAR using Seahorse XF96. Measurement of produced O2•- with MitoTracker Red CMXRos. 1H NMR analysis of metabolites present in cell suspension, and medium. By gene silencing of HIF-1α and miR-210 the expression of PDHA1 was upregulated while that of MITF-M was downregulated, yielding acceleration of mitochondrial respiratory activity and thus elimination of ROS. Hence, we detected a significantly reduced A375 cell viability, an increase in alanine, inositol, nucleotides, and other metabolites that together define apoptosis. Based on the results of measurements of mitochondrial resipiratory activity, ROS production, and changes in the metabolites obtained in cells under the observed conditions, we concluded that silencing of HIF-1α and miR-210 yields apoptosis and, ultimately, apoptotic cell death in A375 melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Špaková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Rabajdová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011, Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Helena Mičková
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - Mária Mareková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011, Košice, Slovakia
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50
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Lei Y, Guerra Martinez C, Torres-Odio S, Bell SL, Birdwell CE, Bryant JD, Tong CW, Watson RO, West LC, West AP. Elevated type I interferon responses potentiate metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and accelerated aging in mtDNA mutator mice. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe7548. [PMID: 34039599 PMCID: PMC8153723 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe7548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key driver of inflammatory responses in human disease. However, it remains unclear whether alterations in mitochondria-innate immune cross-talk contribute to the pathobiology of mitochondrial disorders and aging. Using the polymerase gamma (POLG) mutator model of mitochondrial DNA instability, we report that aberrant activation of the type I interferon (IFN-I) innate immune axis potentiates immunometabolic dysfunction, reduces health span, and accelerates aging in mutator mice. Mechanistically, elevated IFN-I signaling suppresses activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), which increases oxidative stress, enhances proinflammatory cytokine responses, and accelerates metabolic dysfunction. Ablation of IFN-I signaling attenuates hyperinflammatory phenotypes by restoring NRF2 activity and reducing aerobic glycolysis, which combine to lessen cardiovascular and myeloid dysfunction in aged mutator mice. These findings further advance our knowledge of how mitochondrial dysfunction shapes innate immune responses and provide a framework for understanding mitochondria-driven immunopathology in POLG-related disorders and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjiu Lei
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Camila Guerra Martinez
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Sylvia Torres-Odio
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Samantha L Bell
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Christine E Birdwell
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Joshua D Bryant
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Carl W Tong
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Robert O Watson
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Laura Ciaccia West
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - A Phillip West
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA.
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