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Jiang G, Zhou X, Hu Y, Tan X, Wang D, Yang L, Zhang Q, Liu S. The antipsychotic drug pimozide promotes apoptosis through the RAF/ERK pathway and enhances autophagy in breast cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2302413. [PMID: 38356266 PMCID: PMC10878017 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2302413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The antipsychotic drug pimozide has been demonstrated to inhibit cancer. However, the precise anti-cancer mechanism of pimozide remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pimozide on human MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, and the potential involvement in the RAF/ERK signaling. The effects of pimozide on cells were examined by 4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-3,5-diphenylformazan, wound healing, colony formation, transwell assays, and caspase activity assay. Flow cytometry and acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining were performed to assess changes in cells. Transmission electron microscopy and monodansylcadaverine staining were used to observe autophagosomes. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate was evaluated using the FRET system. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, RNA interference, and western blot investigated the expression of proteins. Mechanistically, we focus on the RAF1/ERK signaling. We detected pimozide was docked to RAF1 by Schrodinger software. Pimozide down-regulated the phosphorylation of RAF1, ERK 1/2, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xl, up-regulated Bax, and cleaved caspase-9 to induce apoptosis. Pimozide might promote autophagy by up-regulating cAMP. The enhancement of autophagy increased the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II and down-regulated p62 expression. But mTOR signaling was not involved in promoting autophagy. The knockdown of RAF1 expression induced autophagy and apoptosis in breast cancer cells, consistent with the results of pimozide or sorafenib alone. Blocked autophagy by chloroquine resulted in the impairment of pimozide-induced apoptosis. These data showed that pimozide inhibits breast cancer by regulating the RAF/ERK signaling pathway and might activate cAMP-induced autophagy to promote apoptosis and it may be a potential drug for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Jiang
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Department of Biology, Life Science and Technology College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xingzhi Zhou
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ye Hu
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qinggao Zhang
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuangping Liu
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Han R, Lin C, Zhang C, Kang J, Lu C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Hu C, He Y. The potential therapeutic regimen for overcoming resistance to osimertinib due to rare mutations in NSCLC. iScience 2023; 26:107105. [PMID: 37416479 PMCID: PMC10320197 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of osimertinib resistance have not been well characterized. We conducted next-generation sequencing to recognize novel resistance mechanism and used cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models to evaluate the anti-proliferative effects of aspirin in vivo and in vitro. We observed that PIK3CG mutations led to acquired resistance to osimertinib in a patient and further confirmed that both PIK3CG and PIK3CA mutations caused osimertinib resistance. Mechanistically, the expression of PI3Kγ or PI3Kα was up-regulated after PIK3CG or PIK3CA lentivirus transfection, respectively, and which can be effectively suppressed by aspirin. Lastly, our results from in vivo studies indicate that aspirin can reverse osimertinib resistance caused by PIK3CG or PIK3CA mutations in both CDX and PDX models. Herein, we first confirmed that mutations in PIK3CG can lead to resistance to osimertinib, and the combined therapy may be a strategy to reverse PIK3CG/PIK3CA mutation-induced osimertinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Caiyu Lin
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Kang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Conghua Lu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Hu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Wang S, Zuo L, Lin Z, Yang Z, Chen R, Xu Y. The relationship between aspirin consumption and hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:226. [PMID: 37422691 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that aspirin consumption may reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but their correlation is still not fully understood. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the correlation between aspirin consumption and HCC. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. The search period was from the establishment of the database to July 1, 2022 with no language restrictions. RESULTS A total of 19 studies including three prospective studies and 16 retrospective ones with 2,217,712 patients were included. Compared with those who did not take aspirin, those who took aspirin had a 30% lower risk of HCC (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63-0.76, I2 = 84.7%, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that aspirin significantly reduced the risk of HCC by 19% in Asia (HR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.80-0.82, I2 = 85.2%, P < 0.001) and by 33% (HR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.61-0.73, I2 = 43.6%, P = 0.150) in Europe and the U.S with no significant difference. Moreover, in patients with HBV or HCV infection, aspirin reduced 19% and 24% of the risk of HCC, respectively. However, aspirin administration might increase risks of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with chronic liver disease (HR = 1.14, 95% CI 0.99-1.31, I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.712). Sensitivity analysis showed no significant difference of results after excluding individual studies, suggesting that the results were robust. CONCLUSION Aspirin may reduce the risk of HCC in both healthy population and patients with chronic liver disease. However, attention should be paid to adverse events such as gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Lijuan Zuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhaojin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhiqin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China.
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Vijay K, Ambedkar R, Sowmya PRR, Ramaiah S, Ranga Rao A, Gundamaraju R, Hanumanthappa M, Malarvili MB, Manikam R, Lakshminarayana R. Prevention of aspirin-mediated secondary toxicity by combined treatment of carotenoids in macrophages. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:223. [PMID: 37292139 PMCID: PMC10244315 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03632-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon understanding the boosting role of carotenoids on the endogenous anti-inflammatory system, it is vital to explore their role in reducing the use of high doses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), and their mediated secondary toxicity during the treatment of chronic diseases. The current study investigates the carotenoids potential on inhibition of secondary complications induced by NSAIDs, aspirin (ASA) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated inflammation. Initially, this study evaluated a minimal cytotoxic dose of ASA and carotenoids (β-carotene, BC/lutein, LUT/astaxanthin, AST/fucoxanthin FUCO) in Raw 264.7, U937, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In all three cells, carotenoids + ASA treatment reduced the LDH release, NO, and PGE2 efficiently than an equivalent dose of carotenoid or ASA treated alone. Based on cytotoxicity and sensitivity results, RAW 264.7 cells were selected for further cell-based assay. Among carotenoids, FUCO + ASA exhibited an efficient reduction of LDH release, NO, and PGE2 than the other carotenoids (BC + ASA, LUT + ASA, and AST + ASA) treatment. FUCO + ASA combination decreased LPS/ASA induced oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory mediators (iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB), and cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β) efficiently. Further, apoptosis was inhibited by 69.2% in FUCO + ASA, and 46.7% in ASA than LPS treated cells. A drastic decrease in intracellular ROS generation with the increase in GSH was observed in FUCO + ASA compared to LPS/ASA groups. The results documented on the low dose of ASA with a relative physiological concentration of FUCO suggested greater importance for alleviating secondary complications and optimize prolonged chronic disease treatments with NSAID's associated side effects. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03632-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kariyappa Vijay
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560 056 India
| | - Rudrappa Ambedkar
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560 056 India
| | | | - Suresh Ramaiah
- Department of Statistics, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560 056 India
| | - Ambati Ranga Rao
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation of Science, Technology and Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522213 India
| | - Rohit Gundamaraju
- ER Stress and Mucosal Immunology Lab, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7248 Australia
| | - Manjunatha Hanumanthappa
- Department of Biochemistry, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560 056 India
| | - M. B. Malarvili
- Trauma and Emergency, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rishya Manikam
- School of Biomedical and Health Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru Malaysia
| | - Rangaswamy Lakshminarayana
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560 056 India
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Na H, Song Y, Lee HW. Emphasis on Adipocyte Transformation: Anti-Inflammatory Agents to Prevent the Development of Cancer-Associated Adipocytes. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020502. [PMID: 36672449 PMCID: PMC9856688 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Of the various cell types in the tumor microenvironment (TME), adipocytes undergo a dynamic transformation when activated by neighboring cancer cells. Although these adipocytes, known as cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs), have been reported to play a crucial role in tumor progression, the factors that mediate their transformation remain elusive. In this review, we discuss the hypothesis that inflammatory signals involving NF-ĸB activation can induce lipolysis and adipocyte dedifferentiation. This provides a mechanistic understanding of CAA formation and introduces the concept of preventing adipocyte transformation via anti-inflammatory agents. Indeed, epidemiological studies indicate a higher efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in obese patients with cancer, suggesting that NSAIDs can modulate the TME. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin production leads to the suppression of inflammatory signals such as NF-ĸB. Thus, we suggest the use of NSAIDs in cancer patients with metabolic disorders to prevent the transformation of TME components. Moreover, throughout this review, we attempt to expand our knowledge of CAA transformation to improve the clinical feasibility of targeting CAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heeju Na
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaechan Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Woong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Gemcro Corporation, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2123-7642
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Lai Q, De Matthaeis N, Finotti M, Galati G, Marrone G, Melandro F, Morisco F, Nicolini D, Pravisani R, Giannini EG. The role of antiplatelet therapies on incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e13870. [PMID: 36075611 PMCID: PMC10078275 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the impact of antiplatelet therapy (APT)on the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and mortality following its treatment. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Databases. Two HCC clinical settings were explored: (i) incidence, and (ii) death after any HCC treatment. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated to compare the pooled data between patients who received or did not receive APT. RESULTS A total of 20 studies were identified, of whom 15 focused on HCC incidence, including 2,685,009 patients, and five on post-treatment death, including 3281 patients. APT was associated with an overall reduced risk of HCC incidence (OR: 0.63; 95%CI = 0.51-0.79; p < 0.001) as well as of post-treatment mortality (OR: 0.54; 95%CI = 0.35-0.83; p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Current data suggest that APT correlated with higher HCC incidence and poor overall survival following tumour treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quirino Lai
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta De Matthaeis
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Finotti
- 4th Surgery Unit, Regional Hospital Treviso, DISCOG, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Galati
- Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marrone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Melandro
- Hepatobiliary surgery and liver transplantation, University of Pisa Medical School Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Filomena Morisco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniele Nicolini
- Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Transplantation, Polytechnic University of Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Ospedali Riuniti" Torrette, Ancona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pravisani
- Liver-Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Edoardo G Giannini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Prognostic Role of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio (LMR), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Lymphocyte-to-C Reactive Protein Ratio (LCR) in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) undergoing Chemoembolizations (TACE) of the Liver: The Unexplored Corner Linking Tumor Microenvironment, Biomarkers and Interventional Radiology. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010257. [PMID: 36612251 PMCID: PMC9818978 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
TACE plays a pivotal role in hepatocellular carcinoma, from disease control to downstaging and bridging to liver transplant. Response to TACE is a surrogate marker of tumor aggressive biology, with manifold practical implications such as survival, the need for more aggressive treatments in the intermediate stage, the selection of patients on the transplant waiting list, the dropout rate from the transplant list and the post-transplant recurrence rate. Inflammation-based scores are biomarkers of the relationship between the tumor stromal microenvironment and the immune response. Investigating the connection among the tumor stromal microenvironment, biomarkers, and the response to TACE is crucial to recognize TACE refractoriness/failure, thus providing patients with tailored therapeutics. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the prognostic roles of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and the lymphocyte-to-C reactive protein ratio (LCR) in patients with HCC undergoing chemoembolization of the liver. Inflammation-based scores may be convenient, easily obtained, low-cost, and reliable biomarkers with prognostic significance for HCC undergoing TACE. Baseline cut-off values differ between various studies, thus increasing confusion about using of inflammation-based scores in clinical practice. Further investigations should be conducted to establish the optimal cut-off values for inflammation-based scores, consolidating their use in clinical practice.
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Jang H, Lee YB, Moon H, Chung JW, Nam JY, Cho EJ, Lee JH, Yu SJ, Kim YJ, Lee J, Yoon JH. Aspirin use and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B with or without cirrhosis. Hepatology 2022; 76:492-501. [PMID: 35100447 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies on differential effect of aspirin therapy on HCC risk across the spectrum of liver diseases are lacking. We investigated the association between aspirin use and risks of HCC, liver-associated death, and major bleeding in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with or without cirrhosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS We identified 329,635 eligible adults with CHB from 2007 through 2017, using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, including patients who received aspirin for ≥90 consecutive days (n = 20,200) and patients who never received antiplatelet therapy (n = 309,435). Risks of HCC, liver-associated mortality, and major bleeding were estimated in a propensity-score-matched cohort (19,003 pairs), accounting for competing risks. With a median follow-up of 6.7 years, 10-year cumulative incidence of HCC was 9.5% in the aspirin-treated group and 11.3% in the untreated group (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio [aSHR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78-0.92). However, among patients with cirrhosis (2479 pairs), an association of aspirin use with HCC risk was not evident (aSHR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.85-1.18). Cirrhosis status had a significant effect on the association between aspirin use and HCC risk (pinteraction , n = 0.04). Aspirin use was also associated with lower liver-associated mortality (aSHR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.71-0.90). Moreover, aspirin use was not associated with major bleeding risk (aSHR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.99-1.21). CONCLUSIONS Aspirin use was associated with reduced risks of HCC and liver-associated mortality in adults with CHB. Cirrhosis status had a substantial effect on the association between aspirin use and HCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejoon Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Bin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemi Moon
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Won Chung
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Yeul Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jong Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juneyoung Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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9
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Zhou X, Zhang T, Sun Y, Li C, Ding X, Zhu Y, Li L, Fan Z. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Association of Aspirin With Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:764854. [PMID: 35300300 PMCID: PMC8921872 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.764854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To explore the relationship between the use of aspirin and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched systematically from the earliest available date to 13 March 2020. The primary outcome was incidence of HCC, and the secondary outcomes were recurrence and mortality of HCC. The results were expressed as the Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Based on the heterogeneity evaluated with the I2 statistic, a meta-analysis was performed using either a random- or fixed-effects model. Results: A total of sixteen articles (2781100 participants) were included. There was lower incidence of HCC in aspirin users than those in non-aspirin users (HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.46-0.69; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis further showed that the incidence of liver cancer in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (HR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.09-0.22; p < 0.001) and virus hepatitis (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.62-0.74; p < 0.001) who use aspirin was lower than that of patients who do not use aspirin. In addition, aspirin was found to associate with decreased risk of HCC mortality (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.65-0.78; p < 0.001), not HCC recurrence (HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.15-1.76; p = 0.291). Conclusions: Aspirin use is significantly associated with the low incidence rate of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tengfei Zhang
- Cancer Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yali Sun
- General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunwei Li
- Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xianfei Ding
- General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Zhu
- General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhirui Fan
- Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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10
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Liu Y, Ren T, Xu X, Jin J. Association of aspirin and nonaspirin NSAIDs therapy with the incidence risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis on cohort studies. Eur J Cancer Prev 2022; 31:35-43. [PMID: 33470689 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
According to the current research evidence, the therapy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) might effectively decrease the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence. Investigations have been conducted on the relationship between NSAIDs (aspirin and nonaspirin NSAIDs) and the risk of HCC incidence. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library databases for cohort studies published prior to 15 March 2020 and screened eligible studies. There were a total of 12 eligible studies (published between 2012 and 2020). We observed a lower risk of HCC among aspirin users [hazard ratio 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.43-0.65]. However, there were no statistically significant associations discovered between nonaspirin NSAID use and the risk of HCC incidence (hazard ratio 0.95; 95% CI, 0.79-1.15). Furthermore, aspirin use has also been found to reduce the risk of HCC in patients with cirrhosis or viral hepatitis compared to that in the general population (hazard ratio 0.15; 95% CI, 0.10-0.23; hazard ratio 0.65; 95% CI, 0.56-0.76, respectively). Moreover, no statistical associations were found between aspirin use and a higher risk of bleeding risk, with a hazard ratio value of 0.76 (95% CI, 0.51-1.13). In summary, the conducted meta-analysis reveals that aspirin, rather than nonaspirin NSAIDs, can significantly decrease the risk of HCC, particularly in patients with cirrhosis or viral hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Liu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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11
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Biondo-Simões MDELP, Pessini VCDEA, Ichi CA, Robes RR, Ioshii S. Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin®) and liver regeneration: experimental study in rats. Rev Col Bras Cir 2021; 48:e20213164. [PMID: 34816883 PMCID: PMC10683428 DOI: 10.1590/0100-6991e-20213164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to evaluate the influence of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on cell proliferation after partial hepatectomy in rats. METHODS 40 male Wistar rats were separated into four groups of ten rats each. Groups 1 and 2 (controls): undergoing 30% partial hepatectomy and, after one day (group 1) and seven days (group 2), to euthanasia; daily administration of 0.9% saline solution (1mL per 200g of body weight). Groups 3 and 4 (experimental): undergoing 30% partial hepatectomy and, after one day (group 3) and seven days (group 4), to euthanasia; daily administration of ASA (40mg/mL, 1mL per 200g of body weight). The absolute number of cells stained with PCNA was counted in photomicrographs, in five fields, and it was calculated the mean of positive cells per animal and per group. RESULTS the final mean of PCNA+ cells per group was: in group 1, 17.57 ± 6.77; in group 2, 19.31 ± 5.30; in group 3, 27.46 ± 11.55; and, in group 4, 12.40 ± 5.23. There was no significant difference at the two evaluation times in the control group (p=0.491), but there was in the experimental group (p=0.020), with a lower number of PCNA+ cells on the seventh day. The comparison between the two groups, on the first day, showed more PCNA+ cells in the livers of the animals that received ASA (p=0.047), and on the seventh day the number was lower in the experimental group (p=0.007). CONCLUSION ASA induced greater hepatocyte proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rogério Ribeiro Robes
- - Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Veterinária - Curitiba - PR - Brasil
| | - Sérgio Ioshii
- - Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Anatomia Patológica - Curitiba - PR - Brasil
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12
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Li X, Yu Y, Liu L. Influence of aspirin use on clinical outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101545. [PMID: 33067170 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin use has been suggested to reduce cancer risk. However, previous studies showed inconsistent results as for the association between aspirin use and mortality in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of aspirin use on clinical outcomes of patients with HCC in a meta-analysis. MATERIALS Studies were obtained via systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane's Library, and Embase databases. A random-effect model, which incorporated the potential heterogeneity, was used to pool the results. RESULTS Six retrospective cohort studies including 18,855 HCC patients that underwent liver resection or transarterial chemoembolization were included. Pooled results showed that compared to the non-users, aspirin users of HCC had significantly reduced risk of HCC recurrence (risk ratio [RR]: 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59-0.93, p = 0.01; I2 = 34%) and all-cause mortality (RR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.47-0.73, p < 0.001; I2 = 0%) after controlling of potential confounding factors. In addition, pooled results showed that aspirin use was not associated with a significantly increased risk of major bleeding events (RR: 1.42, 95% CI: 0.81-2.51, p = 0.22; I2 = 29%) in patients with HCC. CONCLUSIONS Evidence from retrospective studies suggests that aspirin use is associated with reduced recurrence and all-cause mortality of HCC. These results should be validated in prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu 322000, China.
| | - Yuexiao Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Liwen Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu 322000, China
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13
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Han S. Possible roles of platelets in liver transplantation: regeneration and cancer recurrence. Anesth Pain Med (Seoul) 2021; 16:225-231. [PMID: 34352964 PMCID: PMC8342825 DOI: 10.17085/apm.21063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
When tissue injury results in breakage, platelets are not only involved in plug formation and wound sealing, but they also play an important role throughout the tissue recovery process. Specifically, platelets accumulate at the site of injury and release a large number of biologically active mediators at injury sites, which initiate or modulate damaged tissue regeneration. Moreover, extensive experimental evidence has elucidated the involvement of platelets in tumor growth and metastasis. As such, this mini-review aimed to highlight the relatively lesser known functions of platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangbin Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Yang M, Wang L, Ni M, Neuber B, Wang S, Gong W, Sauer T, Schubert ML, Hückelhoven-Krauss A, Xia R, Ge J, Kleist C, Eckstein V, Sellner L, Müller-Tidow C, Dreger P, Schmitt M, Schmitt A. Dual Effects of Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors in Combination With CD19.CAR-T Cell Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:670088. [PMID: 34122428 PMCID: PMC8189155 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells targeting CD19 came into clinical practice for the treatment of B cell lymphoma in 2018. However, patients being treated for B cell lymphoma often suffer from comorbidities such as chronic pain, cardiovascular diseases and arthritis. Thus, these patients frequently receive concomitant medications that include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors. Celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, and aspirin, a non-selective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor, are being used as anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic drugs. In addition, several studies have also focused on the anti-neoplastic properties of COX-inhibitors. As the influence of COX-inhibitors on CD19.CAR-T cells is still unknown, we investigated the effect of celecoxib and aspirin on the quantity and quality of CD19.CAR-T cells at different concentrations with special regard to cytotoxicity, activation, cytokine release, proliferation and exhaustion. A significant effect on CAR-T cells could be observed for 0.1 mmol/L of celecoxib and for 4 mmol/L of aspirin. At these concentrations, we found that both COX-inhibitors could induce intrinsic apoptosis of CD19.CAR-T cells showing a significant reduction in the ratio of JC-10 red to JC-10 green CAR-T cells from 6.46 ± 7.03 (mean ± SD) to 1.76 ± 0.67 by celecoxib and to 4.41 ± 0.32 by aspirin, respectively. Additionally, the ratios of JC-10 red to JC-10 green Daudi cells were also decreased from 3.41 ± 0.30 to 0.77 ± 0.06 by celecoxib and to 1.26 ± 0.04 by aspirin, respectively. Although the cytokine release by CD19.CAR-T cells upon activation was not hampered by both COX-inhibitors, activation and proliferation of CAR-T cells were significantly inhibited via diminishing the NF-ĸB signaling pathway by a significant down-regulation of expression of CD27 on CD4+ and CD8+ CAR-T cells, followed by a clear decrease of phosphorylated NF-ĸB p65 in both CD4+ and CD8+ CAR-T cells by a factor of 1.8. Of note, COX-inhibitors hampered expansion and induced exhaustion of CAR-T cells in an antigen stress assay. Collectively, our findings indicate that the use of COX-inhibitors is a double-edged sword that not only induces apoptosis in tumor cells but also impairs the quantity and quality of CAR-T cells. Therefore, COX-inhibitors should be used with caution in patients with B cell lymphoma under CAR-T cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingya Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ming Ni
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Brigitte Neuber
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sanmei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wenjie Gong
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Hematology, the first Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tim Sauer
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria-Luisa Schubert
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Hückelhoven-Krauss
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ruixiang Xia
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Ge
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Christian Kleist
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Eckstein
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leopold Sellner
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Takeda Pharma Vertrieb GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Dreger
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Schmitt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anita Schmitt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Ricciotti E, Wangensteen KJ, FitzGerald GA. Aspirin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2021; 81:3751-3761. [PMID: 33893087 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical studies provide evidence for aspirin as a preventative agent for cancer. Compelling direct evidence supports a chemopreventive effect of aspirin in individuals at high risk of developing colorectal cancer due to Lynch syndrome, while indirect evidence indicates that aspirin may reduce the risk of and mortality from sporadic colorectal cancer. There is weaker evidence for a protective effect of aspirin against all cancers taken as a group. Nevertheless, the results of recent retrospective cohort studies consistently indicate a beneficial effect of aspirin as a chemopreventive or adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Epidemiologic studies conducted in the general population or in selected populations at higher risk for HCC reveal that regular aspirin use is associated with reduced HCC incidence. In addition, aspirin may act as an adjuvant to other therapies in reducing HCC recurrence. According to studies in animal models, the cancer-preventative effect of aspirin may be related to its antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory activities. Prospective studies are warranted to determine whether aspirin should be recommended to diverse populations of patients at risk for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Ricciotti
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kirk J Wangensteen
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Garret A FitzGerald
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. .,Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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16
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Borahay MA, Vincent KL, Motamedi M, Tekedereli I, Salama SA, Ozpolat B, Kilic GS. Liposomal 2-Methoxyestradiol Nanoparticles for Treatment of Uterine Leiomyoma in a Patient-Derived Xenograft Mouse Model. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:271-277. [PMID: 32632769 PMCID: PMC7785630 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00248-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas represent a challenging problem with limited medical treatment options. The anti-tumor agent 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME) shows promising results but its efficacy is limited by inadequate pharmacokinetics. We previously demonstrated that 2-ME nanoparticles can be successfully formulated and that they show improved in vitro anti-leiomyoma cell activity. Here, we examined the effects of the in vivo delivery of 2-ME nanoparticles in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) leiomyoma mouse model. Patient-derived leiomyoma tumor tissues were xenografted subcutaneously in estrogen/progesterone pretreated immunodeficient NOG mice. Animals (n = 12) were treated with liposomal 2-ME nanoparticles by intra-peritoneal (IP) injection (50 mg/kg/dose, three times weekly) or control for 28 days. Tumor volume was measured weekly by calipers and prior to sacrifice by ultrasound. In addition, the expression of the cell proliferation marker Ki67 and the apoptosis marker cleaved caspase-3 in tumor tissues after treatment were measured by immunohistochemistry. Liposomal 2-ME treatment was associated with a significant tumor growth inhibition (30.5% less than controls as early as 2 weeks, p = 0.025). In addition, injections of liposomal 2-ME inhibited the expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 (55.8% reduction, p < 0.001). Furthermore, liposomal 2-ME treatment was associated with a 67.5% increase of cleaved caspase-3 expression of increase (p = 0.048). Our findings suggest that liposomal nanoparticle formulation can successfully deliver 2-ME and can be a promising therapeutic strategy for uterine leiomyoma. Further characterization of the liposomal-2ME, including pharmacokinetics, maximal tolerated dose, and safety, is needed in preclinical models prior to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A Borahay
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University, 4940 Eastern Ave, Baltimore, MD, 21224-2780, USA.
| | - Kathleen L Vincent
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Biomedical Engineering Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Massoud Motamedi
- Biomedical Engineering Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ibrahim Tekedereli
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Salama A Salama
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Gokhan S Kilic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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17
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Shi T, Gong J, Fujita K, Nishiyama N, Iwama H, Liu S, Nakahara M, Yoneyama H, Morishita A, Nonura T, Kobara H, Okano K, Suzuki Y, Masaki T. Aspirin inhibits cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation via cell cycle arrest in vitro and in vivo. Int J Oncol 2020; 58:199-210. [PMID: 33491760 PMCID: PMC7864011 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is the most common biliary duct malignancy and the second most common primary liver cancer, accounting for 10-20% of hepatic malignancies. With high mortality and poor prognosis, the 5-year survival rate of cholangiocarcinoma is only 10%. A previous study demonstrated a significant association between aspirin use and a decreased risk of cholangiocarcinoma. However, the effect of aspirin on cholangiocarcinoma remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of aspirin on cholangiocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Three cholangiocarcinoma cell lines were used to analyze the effect of aspirin on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and the regulation of microRNAs. MicroRNAs are known to regulate the development and progression of various types of cancer. An HuCCT-1 xenograft model was used for the in vivo study. It was determined that aspirin inhibited the proliferation of human cholangiocarcinoma cells (except TKKK cells). Aspirin induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and regulated cell-cycle related proteins in cholangiocarcinoma cells (HuCCT-1 cells) but did not induce apoptosis. The expression of miR-340-5p was significantly upregulated after treatment, and overexpression of miR-340-5p inhibited the proliferation of HuCCT-1 cells and decreased the levels of cyclin D1. TKKK cells had low miR-340-5p expression, which may explain why aspirin had no effect on their proliferation. In vivo, aspirin reduced the growth of xenografted tumors. In conclusion, the present study indicated that aspirin partially inhibited cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation and tumor growth by inducing G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest, potentially through the miR-340-5p/cyclin D1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Jian Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Koji Fujita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Noriko Nishiyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Iwama
- Life Science Research Center, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Shi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Mai Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Hirohito Yoneyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Takako Nonura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Hideki Kobara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Keiichi Okano
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Suzuki
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
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18
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Huang WQ, Wang CX, Liu T, Li ZX, Pan C, Chen YZ, Lian X, Man WL, Ni WX. A cytotoxic nitrido-osmium(VI) complex induces caspase-mediated apoptosis in HepG2 cancer cells. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:17173-17182. [PMID: 33119012 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02715d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The osmium(vi) nitrido complex [OsVI(N)(sap)(py)Cl] is a potential anti-cancer drug with promising in vitro antiproliferative activities toward a panel of cancer cell lines, including cisplatin-resistant cells (IC50 values of 2.8-13.8 μM). This drug targets DNA and changes its conformation via covalent binding and insertion. In vitro studies indicate that the drug induces HepG2 cells G2/M phase arrest, disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential and causes caspase-mediated apoptosis. Further in vivo studies using HepG2-bearing nude mice reveal that this drug not only shows good antitumor efficacy of inhibiting tumor growth, but also does not show the side effect of weight loss.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Caspases/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Coordination Complexes/chemical synthesis
- Coordination Complexes/chemistry
- Coordination Complexes/pharmacology
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Structure
- Nitriles/chemistry
- Nitriles/pharmacology
- Osmium/chemistry
- Osmium/pharmacology
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Qiong Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P. R. China.
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19
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Badroon N, Abdul Majid N, Al-Suede FSR, Nazari V. M, Giribabu N, Abdul Majid AMS, Eid EEM, Alshawsh MA. Cardamonin Exerts Antitumor Effect on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Xenografts in Athymic Nude Mice through Inhibiting NF-κβ Pathway. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120586. [PMID: 33316979 PMCID: PMC7764268 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardamonin (CADMN) exerts an in vitro antiproliferative and apoptotic actions against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2). This study aimed to investigate the in vivo anti-tumorigenic action of CADMN against human hepatocellular carcinoma xenografts in an athymic nude mice, as well as to study the molecular docking and safety profile of this compound. Acute toxicity study demonstrated that CADMN is safe and well-tolerated up to 2000 mg/kg in ICR mice. Oral administration of 50 mg/kg/day of CADMN in xenografted nude mice showed a significant suppression in tumor growth as compared to untreated control group without pronounced toxic signs. Immunohistochemistry assay showed downregulation of proliferative proteins such as PCNA and Ki-67 in treated groups as compared to untreated control. Additionally, immunofluorescence analysis showed a significant downregulation in anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, whereas pre-apoptotic Bax protein was significantly upregulated in nude mice treated with 25 and 50 mg/kg CADMN as compared to untreated mice. The findings also exhibited down-regulation of NF-κB-p65, and Ikkβ proteins, indicating that CADMN deactivated NF-κB pathway. The molecular docking studies demonstrated that CADMN exhibits good docking performance and binding affinities with various apoptosis and proliferation targets in hepatocellular cancer cells. In conclusion, CADMN could be a potential anticancer candidate against hepatocellular carcinoma. Other pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties, however, need to be further investigated in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassrin Badroon
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nazia Abdul Majid
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (N.A.M.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Fouad Saleih R. Al-Suede
- EMAN Biodiscoveries Sdn. Bhd., Kedah Halal Park, Kawasan Perindustrian Sungai Petani, Sungai Petani 08000, Malaysia; (F.S.R.A.-S.); (M.N.V.)
| | - Mansoureh Nazari V.
- EMAN Biodiscoveries Sdn. Bhd., Kedah Halal Park, Kawasan Perindustrian Sungai Petani, Sungai Petani 08000, Malaysia; (F.S.R.A.-S.); (M.N.V.)
| | - Nelli Giribabu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Amin Malik Shah Abdul Majid
- Eman Biodiscoveries Sydney Bhd., and ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, 131 Garran Road, 2601 Acton, Australia;
| | - Eltayeb E. M. Eid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Abdullah Alshawsh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (N.A.M.); (M.A.A.)
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20
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Lee TY, Hsu YC, Tseng HC, Lin JT, Wu MS, Wu CY. Association of Daily Aspirin Therapy With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 18:2784-2792.e7. [PMID: 32360983 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Aspirin therapy has been associated with reduced risk of colon cancer, but there is only limited evidence for its effects on risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to investigate the association of daily aspirin therapy with HCV-related HCC risk. METHODS In this cohort study, based on Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we screened 237,963 patients with chronic HCV infection for the period of 1997 through 2011. We excluded patients with confounding conditions and 2478 patients who continuously received daily aspirin therapy for 90 days or more (treated group) were randomly matched 1:2 with 4956 patients who had never received antiplatelet therapy (untreated group) by means of propensity scores. Cumulative incidence of, and hazard ratio (HR) for, HCC development were analyzed after we adjusted for patient mortality as a competing risk event. RESULTS The cumulative incidence of HCC in the treated group was significantly lower than that in the untreated group over 5 years (4.67%; 95% CI, 3.74%-5.59% vs 7.32%; 95% CI, 6.33%-8.30%; P<.001). In the multivariable regression analysis, aspirin therapy was independently associated with a reduced HCC risk (HR, 0.78, 95% CI, 0.64-0.95; P = .011), after adjustment for age per year, male sex, cirrhosis, liver decompensation, hyperlipidemia, statin use, and interferon therapy. Sensitivity subgroup analyses also verified this association (all HRs<1.0). In addition, older age (HR, 1.03 per year; 95% CI, 1.02-1.04), male sex (HR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.21-1.77), and cirrhosis (HR, 3.13; 95% CI, 2.55-3.84) were independently associated with an increased HCC risk. CONCLUSIONS In a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan, we found aspirin therapy to be significantly associated with a reduced risk of HCV-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Yu Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung
| | - Yao-Chun Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fu-Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Hsiao-Ching Tseng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung
| | - Jaw-Town Lin
- Digestive Medicine Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Chun-Ying Wu
- Division of Translational Medicine and Excellence Cancer Research Center, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei; Institute of Biomedical Informatics and Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
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21
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Simon TG, Chan AT. Lifestyle and Environmental Approaches for the Primary Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Liver Dis 2020; 24:549-576. [PMID: 33012445 PMCID: PMC7536356 DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Patients with chronic liver disease are at increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Most patients diagnosed with HCC have limited treatment options and a poor overall prognosis, with a 5-year survival less than 15%. Preventing the development of HCC represents the most important strategy. However, current guidelines lack specific recommendations for primary prevention. Lifestyle factors may be central in the pathogenesis of HCC, and primary prevention strategies focused on lifestyle modification could represent an important approach to the prevention of HCC. Both experimental and epidemiologic studies have identified promising chemopreventive agents for the primary prevention of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey G. Simon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston MA,Broad Institute, Boston MA,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston MA
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22
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Patel SS, Tripathi R, Chavda VK, Savjani JK. Anticancer Potential of Mefenamic Acid Derivatives with Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Inhibitory Property. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:998-1008. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200415100614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Numerous studies suggest that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce cancer
cell proliferation, progression, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and invasiveness.
Objective:
The current study focuses on the evaluation of novel mefenamic acid derivatives for the treatment of
hepatocellular carcinoma.
Methods:
Derivatives were subjected to molecular modeling for prediction of pharmacological activity using
software, followed by synthesis and in vitro assay. In in vivo study, disease was induced with N-Nitrosodiethylamine
followed by 2-acetylaminofluorene orally for 2 weeks. After 12 weeks of induction, treatment was given for a
period of one week. At the end of the treatment, determination of liver weight, a number of nodules, biochemical
parameters, immunohistochemistry, histopathology, and gene expression studies, were carried out.
Results:
Based on molecular docking score for PDGF-α (Platelet-Derived Growth Factor) and IC50 values in
HepG2 cell line study, JS-PFA was selected for the in vivo study where JS-PFA showed a statistically significant
reduction in a number of nodules and liver weight. Protective role of JS-PFA has been observed in tumorspecific
markers like α-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, and lactate dehydrogenase levels. The JS-PFA
has shown a significant reduction in PDGF-α levels as well as liver markers and total bilirubin levels. Histopathological
analysis also showed a protective effect. The results of immunohistochemical analysis of P53 and
down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinases-9 genes suggest that derivative
inhibits PDGF mediated tumor growth and leads to apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, and metastasis.
Conclusion:
The effectiveness of JS-PFA in our studies suggests targeting PDGF by COX 2 inhibitor can serve
as a novel treatment strategy for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal S. Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad-382 481, Gujarat, India
| | - Richa Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad-382 481, Gujarat, India
| | - Vishal K. Chavda
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad-382 481, Gujarat, India
| | - Jignasa K. Savjani
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad-382 481, Gujarat, India
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23
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Shi T, Fujita K, Gong J, Nakahara M, Iwama H, Liu S, Yoneyama H, Morishita A, Nomura T, Tani J, Takuma K, Tadokoro T, Himoto T, Oura K, Tsutsui K, Kobara H, Masaki T. Aspirin inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo via inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:457-468. [PMID: 32627038 PMCID: PMC7336451 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin, a nonsteroidal anti‑inflammatory drug (NSAID), is known to inhibit cell proliferation in a variety of cancers. However, the underlying mechanism of this inhibition remains unknown. We investigated the effects of aspirin on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells using in vitro and in vivo models. Six HCC cell lines and a liver cancer cell line including Huh‑7 were used in assays that evaluated cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Flow cytometry, enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot analysis, and phosphorylated receptor tyrosine kinase array were used to evaluate the effects of aspirin on the cells, and microRNAs (miRNAs) were analyzed by a miRNA array chip. The results were validated in vivo using a nude mouse model of Huh‑7‑xenografted tumors. Our results showed that aspirin exhibited an antiproliferative effect on all cell lines. Moreover, aspirin induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and modulated the levels of cell cycle‑related molecules such as cyclin E, cyclin D1, and cyclin‑dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2). In addition, aspirin upregulated the levels of caspase‑cleaved cytokeratin 18, increased the proportion of early apoptotic cells, decreased the levels of clusterin and heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70), upregulated the levels of miRNA‑137 and inhibited epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation. In addition, we observed that aspirin suppressed cell proliferation partially through the miRNA‑137/EGFR pathway. Our in vivo results showed that aspirin reduced the growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice. In conclusion, aspirin was able to inhibit the growth of HCC cells by cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and alteration of miRNA levels in in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Koji Fujita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Jian Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Mai Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Iwama
- Life Science Research Center, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Shi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Hirohito Yoneyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Takako Nomura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Joji Tani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Kei Takuma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Tomoko Tadokoro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Takashi Himoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Kyoko Oura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Tsutsui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Hideki Kobara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kida, Kagawa 761‑0793, Japan
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24
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Han R, Hao S, Lu C, Zhang C, Lin C, Li L, Wang Y, Hu C, He Y. Aspirin sensitizes osimertinib-resistant NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo via Bim-dependent apoptosis induction. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:1152-1169. [PMID: 32239624 PMCID: PMC7266273 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osimertinib, a third-generation irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), provides marked clinical benefit for patients with EGFR-activating mutations. Unfortunately, limited treatments exist for patients who acquire osimertinib resistance. We observed two 'special' patients who regained an antitumor response with osimertinib plus aspirin treatment. As previous data indicate that aspirin induces antiproliferative effects in tumor cells, we designed a preclinical study to explore whether aspirin combined with osimertinib could synergistically sensitize osimertinib-resistant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. The effects of combined treatment with osimertinib and aspirin on osimertinib-resistant NSCLC cell lines were examined in vitro and in vivo. The combination of osimertinib and aspirin induced strong antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in osimertinib-resistant NSCLC cells through inhibition of Akt/FoxO3a signaling component phosphorylation and increased Bim expression. Furthermore, Bim knockdown by siRNA significantly attenuated osimertinib resensitization by aspirin. In vivo, combination of aspirin and osimertinib significantly decreased tumor growth of PC-9GROR cell xenografts. Data of patients with NSCLC who received osimertinib treatment at Daping Hospital between January 2015 and January 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. According to clinical data for 45 patients with NSCLC, retrospective analysis showed that the median progression-free survival was significantly longer in the osimertinib plus aspirin group than in the osimertinib group. In summary, aspirin synergistically enhances the antitumor activity of osimertinib in osimertinib-resistant lung cancer cells through promoting Bim-dependent apoptosis. This combination therapy may be effective in overcoming acquired resistance to osimertinib and prolonging survival in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai Hao
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Conghua Lu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Caiyu Lin
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Hu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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25
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Liu L, Li T, Liu Z, Fan F, Yuan H, Zhang Z, Chang S, Zhang X. Terahertz polarization sensing based on metasurface microsensor display anti-proliferation of tumor cells with aspirin. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:2416-2430. [PMID: 32499934 PMCID: PMC7249843 DOI: 10.1364/boe.392056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The inhibition effects of aspirin on cell proliferation are investigated by both traditional THz resonance sensing and the improved THz polarization sensing method based on a polarization dependent metasurface microsensor. Compared to resonance sensing, the quality factor of polarization sensing is 4∼5 times higher than that of resonance sensing, and its figure of merit is at least one order of magnitude higher than that of the resonance sensing with the same metasurface microsensor. Our proposed metasurface-based biosensors may supply a novel viewpoint on cell proliferation from a physical perspective and be a valuable complementary reference for biological study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China
- Contributed equally to this work
| | - Tengfei Li
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin 300350, China
- Contributed equally to this work
| | - Zixian Liu
- Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China
- Contributed equally to this work
| | - Fei Fan
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongfeng Yuan
- Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Shengjiang Chang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China
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26
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Sun R, Zhai R, Ma C, Miao W. Combination of aloin and metformin enhances the antitumor effect by inhibiting the growth and invasion and inducing apoptosis and autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Cancer Med 2019; 9:1141-1151. [PMID: 31830378 PMCID: PMC6997051 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a devastating and highly metastatic cancer worldwide. Metformin (MET) is the priority drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes; however, it possesses multiple biological effects like anticancer and hepatoprotective activity. Herein, we examined the effects of aloin (barbaloin) and MET as well as combination treatment in HCC cell line in vitro and in vivo. As a result, aloin and MET alone exhibited inhibitory effects on proliferation and invasion of HepG2 and Bel‐7402 cells. Specially, combination treatment of aloin and MET showed enhanced inhibitory effects in vitro. Aloin and MET alone induced apoptosis and autophagy in vitro. Similarly, aloin and MET cooperated to promote apoptosis and autophagy in HepG2 and Bel‐7402 cells. In the HepG2 xenograft models, aloin in combination with MET confine tumor growth and facilitate apoptosis and autophagy. Both the in vitro and in vivo results showed that aloin and MET alone as well as combination treatment activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Overall, our research demonstrated that the concomitant treatment with aloin and MET enhances the antitumor effect by inhibiting the growth and invasion as well as inducing apoptosis and autophagy in HCC through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jining First People 's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Ruiren Zhai
- Department of Cancer Center, Tumor Center Shandong Sunshine Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Changlin Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jining First People 's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Miao
- Department of Health Care, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
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27
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Pavlovic N, Rani B, Gerwins P, Heindryckx F. Platelets as Key Factors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11071022. [PMID: 31330817 PMCID: PMC6678690 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer that usually develops in the setting of chronic inflammation and liver damage. The hepatic microenvironment plays a crucial role in the disease development, as players such as hepatic stellate cells, resident liver macrophages (Kupffer cells), endothelial cells, extracellular matrix, and a variety of immune cells interact in highly complex and intertwined signaling pathways. A key factor in these cross-talks are platelets, whose role in cancer has gained growing evidence in recent years. Platelets have been reported to promote HCC cell proliferation and invasion, but their involvement goes beyond the direct effect on tumor cells, as they are known to play a role in pro-fibrinogenic signaling and the hepatic immune response, as well as in mediating interactions between these factors in the stroma. Anti-platelet therapy has been shown to ameliorate liver injury and improve the disease outcome. However, platelets have also been shown to play a crucial role in liver regeneration after organ damage. Therefore, the timing and microenvironmental setting need to be kept in mind when assessing the potential effect and therapeutic value of platelets in the disease progression, while further studies are needed for understanding the role of platelets in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa Pavlovic
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, Husargatan 3, 75-431 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bhavna Rani
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, Husargatan 3, 75-431 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pär Gerwins
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, Husargatan 3, 75-431 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University Hospital, Sjukhusvägen 85, 751-85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Femke Heindryckx
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, Husargatan 3, 75-431 Uppsala, Sweden.
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28
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Abstract
Mice and rats are valuable and commonly used as models for the study of cancer. The models and methods of experimentation have the potential to cause pain to some degree, and all charged with ensuring animal welfare must determine how to manage it. A commonly posed question, especially from investigators and IACUC, is whether the provision of analgesic agents will render the model invalid. Left untreated, pain is a stressor and has negative consequences, most notably immune system perturbations. In addition, analgesic agents in the opioid and NSAID drug classes exhibit immunomodulatory activity and influence processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis that are important in cancer formation. Therefore, both pain and the agents used to alleviate it have the potential to act as confounding factors in a study. This review article presents data from both human medicine and work with animal models in an attempt to help inform discussions about the withholding of analgesic agents from animals used in cancer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas K Taylor
- Division of Animal Resources, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia;,
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29
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Lee TY, Hsu YC, Tseng HC, Yu SH, Lin JT, Wu MS, Wu CY. Association of Daily Aspirin Therapy With Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B. JAMA Intern Med 2019; 179:633-640. [PMID: 30882847 PMCID: PMC6503573 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.8342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Antiviral therapy cannot erase hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk in patients with chronic hepatitis B, and it is not indicated for most hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers. Another effective way of reducing HCC risk needs to be developed. Aspirin may prevent cancer development, but clinical evidence in patients with HBV-related HCC remains limited. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of daily aspirin therapy with HBV-related HCC risk. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this Taiwan nationwide cohort study, we screened 204 507 patients with chronic hepatitis B for the period January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2012. After excluding patients with confounding conditions, 2123 patients who continuously received daily aspirin for 90 or more days (treated group) were randomly matched 1:4 with 8492 patients who had never received antiplatelet therapy (untreated group) by means of propensity scores, consisting of the follow-up index date, baseline characteristics, and potentially chemopreventive drug use during follow-up. Data were analyzed from August 1 to November 30, 2018. EXPOSURES Daily aspirin therapy during the study period. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Both cumulative incidence of and hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC development were analyzed after adjusting patient mortality as a competing risk event. RESULTS Of the 10 615 patients included in the analysis, 7690 (72.4%) were men; mean (SD) age was 58.8 (11.8) years. The cumulative incidence of HCC in the treated group was significantly lower than that in the untreated group in 5 years (5.20%; 95% CI, 4.11%-6.29% vs 7.87%; 95% CI, 7.15%-8.60%; P < .001). In the multivariable regression analysis, aspirin therapy was independently associated with a reduced HCC risk (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.58-0.86; P < .001). Sensitivity subgroup analyses also verified this association (all HRs <1.0). In addition, older age (HR, 1.01 per year; 95% CI, 1.00-1.02), male sex (HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.43-2.14), and cirrhosis (HR, 2.89; 95% CI, 2.45-3.40) were independently associated with an increased HCC risk, but nucleos(t)ide analogue (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.41-0.71) or statin (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.42-0.90) use was correlated with a decreased HCC risk. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Daily aspirin therapy may be associated with a reduced risk of HBV-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Yu Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chun Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fu-Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ching Tseng
- Division of Translational Medicine and Excellence Cancer Research Center, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Hang Yu
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Town Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ying Wu
- Division of Translational Medicine and Excellence Cancer Research Center, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,College of Public Health and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
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30
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Hu SJ, Jiang SS, Zhang J, Luo D, Yu B, Yang LY, Zhong HH, Yang MW, Liu LY, Hong FF, Yang SL. Effects of apoptosis on liver aging. World J Clin Cases 2019; 7:691-704. [PMID: 30968034 PMCID: PMC6448073 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i6.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As an irreversible and perennial process, aging is accompanied by functional and morphological declines in organs. Generally, aging liver exhibits a decline in volume and hepatic blood flow. Even with a preeminent regenerative capacity to restore its functions after liver cell loss, its biosynthesis and metabolism abilities decline, and these are difficult to restore to previous standards. Apoptosis is a programmed death process via intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, in which Bcl-2 family proteins and apoptosis-related genes, such as p21 and p53, are involved. Apoptosis inflicts both favorable and adverse influences on liver aging. Apoptosis eliminates transformed abnormal cells but promotes age-related liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. We summarize the roles of apoptosis in liver aging and age-related liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jie Hu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Sha-Sha Jiang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Liang-Yan Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hua-Hua Zhong
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Mei-Wen Yang
- Department of Nurse, Nanchang University Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Li-Yu Liu
- Department of Nurse, Nanchang University Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Fen-Fang Hong
- Experimental Teaching Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shu-Long Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
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Khoo BL, Grenci G, Lim JSY, Lim YP, Fong J, Yeap WH, Bin Lim S, Chua SL, Wong SC, Yap YS, Lee SC, Lim CT, Han J. Low-dose anti-inflammatory combinatorial therapy reduced cancer stem cell formation in patient-derived preclinical models for tumour relapse prevention. Br J Cancer 2019; 120:407-423. [PMID: 30713340 PMCID: PMC6461953 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emergence of drug-resistant cancer phenotypes is a challenge for anti-cancer therapy. Cancer stem cells are identified as one of the ways by which chemoresistance develops. Method We investigated the anti-inflammatory combinatorial treatment (DA) of doxorubicin and aspirin using a preclinical microfluidic model on cancer cell lines and patient-derived circulating tumour cell clusters. The model had been previously demonstrated to predict patient overall prognosis. Results We demonstrated that low-dose aspirin with a sub-optimal dose of doxorubicin for 72 h could generate higher killing efficacy and enhanced apoptosis. Seven days of DA treatment significantly reduced the proportion of cancer stem cells and colony-forming ability. DA treatment delayed the inhibition of interleukin-6 secretion, which is mediated by both COX-dependent and independent pathways. The response of patients varied due to clinical heterogeneity, with 62.5% and 64.7% of samples demonstrating higher killing efficacy or reduction in cancer stem cell (CSC) proportions after DA treatment, respectively. These results highlight the importance of using patient-derived models for drug discovery. Conclusions This preclinical proof of concept seeks to reduce the onset of CSCs generated post treatment by stressful stimuli. Our study will promote a better understanding of anti-inflammatory treatments for cancer and reduce the risk of relapse in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Luan Khoo
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Gianluca Grenci
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joey Sze Yun Lim
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yan Ping Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - July Fong
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Hseun Yeap
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su Bin Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Song Lin Chua
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siew Cheng Wong
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yoon-Sim Yap
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soo Chin Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Biomedical Institute for Global Health Research and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jongyoon Han
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
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32
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Role of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) in Cancer Prevention and Cancer Promotion. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2019; 2019:3418975. [PMID: 30838040 PMCID: PMC6374867 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3418975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed by medical practitioners in many clinical conditions for the symptomatic treatment of pain and fever. Due to their anti-inflammatory properties, these drugs have been investigated for their anticancer effects in numerous studies. This is because chronic inflammation has long been linked to carcinogenesis. As such, anti-inflammatory drugs are believed to play a role in cancer treatment and prevention. In the past few decades, research has shown that NSAIDs may decrease the risk of certain types of cancer. However, there is also a growing body of research that proves the contrary. Furthermore, NSAIDs are well known for many side effects, including some life-threatening ones. This review will discuss the relationship between chronic inflammation and cancer, the role of NSAIDs in cancer prevention and cancer promotion, and some of the potentially lethal side effects of these drugs.
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Aspirin enhances the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma side population cells to doxorubicin via miR-491/ABCG2. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180854. [PMID: 30120100 PMCID: PMC6239265 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore whether aspirin (ASA) enhances the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) side population (SP) cells to doxorubicin (Doxo) via miR-491/ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2).Methods: Non-SP and SP cells were isolated from MHCC-97L cell line using flow cytometry analysis and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Colony formation assay was performed to determine the colony-formation ability of cells. Cell viability of SP cells was determined with the MTT assay. Luciferase reporter assay was applied in confirming the binding between miR-491 and ABCG2.Results: Although the Doxo treatment lowered the colony-formation ability of both non-SP and SP cells, the colony-formation ability of SP cells was 2-fold higher than that of non-SP cells (P<0.05). Doxo slightly inhibited the cell viability of SP cells in a concentration-dependent manner; the addition of ASA dramatically enhanced the inhibitory effect of Doxo on SP cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.05). Compared with non-SP cells, the miR-491 expression was significantly decreased in SP cells, which was significantly reversed by ASA (P<0.05). miR-491 directly controlled the ABCG2 expression. In the presence of Doxo, miR-491 inhibitor reduced the inhibitory effect of ASA on the cell viability of SP cells, which was significantly reversed by knockdown of ABCG2 (P<0.05).Conclusion: ASA enhanced the sensitivity of SP cells to Doxo via regulating the miR-491/ABCG2 signaling pathway.
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Mazmishvili K, Jayant K, Janikashvili N, Kikodze N, Mizandari M, Pantsulaia I, Paksashvili N, Sodergren MH, Reccia I, Pai M, Habib N, Chikovani T. Study to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of radiofrequency ablation compared to surgical resection for liver cancer. J Cancer 2018; 9:3187-3195. [PMID: 30210642 PMCID: PMC6134816 DOI: 10.7150/jca.25084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hepatic cancer is a highly lethal tumour with increasing worldwide incidence. These tumours are characterized by the proliferation of malignant cells, generalised immunosuppression and chronic inflammation marked with an increase in inflammatory markers as a neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and overexpression of CD4+CD39+ on T lymphocytes. The studies have outlined immunomodulatory changes in liver cancer patients as the plausible explanation for the better survival. The aim of this pilot study was understand the possible immunomodulatory effect of radiofrequency (RF) energy and liver resection (non-radiofrequency based devices; non-RF device) in relation to NLR, PLR and expression of CD4+CD39+ T lymphocytes and compare the magnitude of these changes. Material and Methods: In the present study, 17 patients with hepatic cancer were prospectively divided into treatment groups radiofrequency ablation (RFA group) and Liver resection using non-RF devices (LR group). A blood sample was collected from each patient, one month before and after the procedure and compared with the blood samples of age-matched healthy volunteers for group wise comparison. The Mann-Whitney U test, Mc Nemar test and Wilcoxon rank test were used for statistical comparisons as appropriate. Results: A decrease in NLR was reported after RFA from 4.7±3.3 to 3.8±1.8 (P=0.283), in contrary to an increase from 3.5±2.8 to 4.5±3.2 (P=0.183) in LR group. Likewise, a decrease was discerned in PLR following RFA from 140.5±79.5 to 137±69.2 respectively (P=0.386) and increase in the LR group from 116±42.2 to 120.8±29 respectively (P=0.391). A significant decrease in CD4+CD39+ lymphocytes from 55.8±13.8 to 24.6±21.1 (P=0.03) was observed in RFA group whilst a significant increase was reported in LR group from 47.6±8.8 to 55.7±33.2 (P=0.38). Conclusion: Studies have shown that decrease in the NLR, PLR and expression of CD4+CD39+ on T lymphocytes as the marker of better survival in hepatic cancer patients and our findings have confirmed that these changes can be induced following application of RF energy. Moreover, this could be the explanation of better survival observed in different studies using RFA or other RF-based devices in comparison to non-RF based liver resection techniques. However, further larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketevan Mazmishvili
- Department of Immunology, Tbilisi State Medical University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Kumar Jayant
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, DuCane Road, W120HS, UK
| | - Nona Janikashvili
- Department of Immunology, Tbilisi State Medical University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nino Kikodze
- Department of Immunology, Tbilisi State Medical University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Malkhaz Mizandari
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Tbilisi State Medical University, High Technology University Clinic, 0144 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Ia Pantsulaia
- Department of Immunology, Tbilisi State Medical University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Natela Paksashvili
- Department of Immunology, Tbilisi State Medical University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Tbilisi State Medical University, High Technology University Clinic, 0144 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Mikael H Sodergren
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, DuCane Road, W120HS, UK
| | - Isabella Reccia
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, DuCane Road, W120HS, UK
| | - Madhava Pai
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, DuCane Road, W120HS, UK
| | - Nagy Habib
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, DuCane Road, W120HS, UK
| | - Tinatin Chikovani
- Department of Immunology, Tbilisi State Medical University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
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35
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Jia H, Ren W, Feng Y, Wei T, Guo M, Guo J, Zhao J, Song X, Wang M, Zhao T, Wang H, Feng Z, Tian Z. The enhanced antitumour response of pimozide combined with the IDO inhibitor L‑MT in melanoma. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:949-960. [PMID: 30015838 PMCID: PMC6065445 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most fatal and therapy-resistant types of cancer; therefore, identifying novel therapeutic candidates to improve patient survival is an ongoing effort. Previous studies have revealed that pimozide is not sufficient to treat melanoma; therefore, enhancing the treatment is necessary. Indoleamine 2, 3‑dioxygenase (IDO) is an immunosuppressive, intracellular rate-limiting enzyme, which contributes to immune tolerance in various tumours, including melanoma, and inhibition of IDO may be considered a novel therapeutic strategy when combined with pimozide. The present study aimed to assess the antitumour activities of pimozide in vitro, and to investigate the effects of pimozide combined with L‑methyl-tryptophan (L‑MT) in vivo. For in vitro analyses, the B16 melanoma cell line was used. Cell cytotoxicity assay, cell viability assay, wound‑healing assay and western blotting were conducted to analyse the effects of pimozide on B16 cells. Furthermore, B16 cell-bearing mice were established as the animal model. Haematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labelling staining, western blotting and flow cytometry were performed to determine the effects of monotherapy and pimozide and L‑MT cotreatment on melanoma. The results demonstrated that pimozide exhibited potent antitumour activity via the regulation of proliferation, apoptosis and migration. Furthermore, the antitumour effects of pimozide were enhanced when combined with L‑MT, not only via regulation of proliferation, apoptosis and migration, but also via immune modulation. Notably, pimozide may regulate tumour immunity through inhibiting the activities of signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat)3 and Stat5. In conclusion, the present study proposed the use of pimozide in combination with the IDO inhibitor, L‑MT, as a potential novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Jia
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Ren
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Yuchen Feng
- Department of Immunology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Tian Wei
- Department of Immunology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Immunology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Song
- Department of Immunology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Mingyong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Tiesuo Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Research Center for Immunology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Feng
- Department of Immunology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongwei Tian
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
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36
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Lee YR, Park MS, Joo HK, Kim KM, Kim J, Jeon BH, Choi S. Therapeutic positioning of secretory acetylated APE1/Ref-1 requirement for suppression of tumor growth in triple-negative breast cancer in vivo. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8701. [PMID: 29880821 PMCID: PMC5992149 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a relatively small proportion of all BCs but a relatively large proportion of BC-related death. Thus, more effective therapeutic strategies are needed for the management of TNBC. We demonstrated that the stimulation of apoptosis by the binding of secreted acetylated-apurinic apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (Ac-APE1/Ref-1) to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) was essential for TNBC cell death in response to hyperacetylation. The aim of the present study was to assess the potential therapeutic efficacy of secretory Ac-APE1/Ref-1 in orthotopic TNBC xenografts in vivo. We found that hyperacetylation in xenografts caused secretion of Ac-APE1/Ref-1 into the blood, where the factor bound directly to RAGE in hyperacetylated tumor tissues. Hyperacetylation in the TNBC xenografts induced strong inhibition of tumor growth and development, leading to apoptotic cell death, accompanied by increased RAGE expression and generation of reactive oxygen species. Tissues exhibited markedly higher counts of apoptotic bodies, a reduced proliferation index, and reduced neovascularization compared with control tumors. Ac-APE1/Ref-1-stimulated apoptosis was markedly reduced in RAGE-knockdown tumors compared with RAGE-overexpressing tumors, even in the presence of hyperacetylation. The function of secreted Ac-APE1/Ref-1 was confirmed in other hyperacetylated TNBCs xenografts using BT-549 and MDA-MB-468 cells, demonstrating its relevance as an anti-cancer molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ran Lee
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Myoung Soo Park
- Preclinical Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Hee Kyoung Joo
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Ki Mo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Jeryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Byeong Hwa Jeon
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.
| | - Sunga Choi
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.
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37
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Mota NSRS, Kviecinski MR, Zeferino RC, de Oliveira DA, Bretanha LC, Ferreira SRS, Micke GA, Filho DW, Pedrosa RC, Ourique F. In vivo antitumor activity of by-products of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg. Rich in medium and long chain fatty acids evaluated through oxidative stress markers, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:557-565. [PMID: 29886231 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antiinflammatory and antitumor activity has been reported in Passiflora edulis (yellow passion fruit) nevertheless the intrinsic mechanisms of action are not fully elucidated. The present study aimeds to perform a comparison between the antitumor activity involving the crude extract (HCE) and the supercritical fluid extract with ethanol as co-solvent (SFEtOH) from P. edulis f. flavicarpa Deg. The in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated in MCF-7 cells, while the in vivo antitumor activity was assessed in male Balb/c mice inoculated with Ehrlich carcinoma cells. SFEtOH exhibited higher antitumor activity compared to HCE. Wherein, SFEtOH showed an EC50 of 264.6 μg/mL against MCF-7 cells as well as an increased inhibition of tumor growth of 48.5% (p < 0.001) in male Balb/c mice, thereby promoting an increased mice lifespan to approximately 42%. Moreover, SFEtOH caused lipid (p < 0.001) and protein (p < 0.001) oxidation by increasing glutathione redox cycle activity while decreased the thioredoxin reductase activity (p < 0.001). SFEtOH also induced oxidative DNA damage in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells leading to G2/M cycle arrest and has increased apoptotic cells up to 48.2%. These data suggest that the probable mechanisms of antitumor effect are associated to the lipid, protein and DNA damage, leading to cell cycle arrest and triggering apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway, should be probable due to the presence of medium and long chain fatty acids such as lauric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia S R S Mota
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry (LABIOEX), Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Maicon R Kviecinski
- Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences (PPGCS), Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo C Zeferino
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry (LABIOEX), Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Daniela A de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Supercritical Technology (LATESC), Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Lizandra C Bretanha
- Laboratory of Capillary Electrophoresis, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Sandra R S Ferreira
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Supercritical Technology (LATESC), Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Gustavo A Micke
- Laboratory of Capillary Electrophoresis, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Danilo Wilhelm Filho
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rozangela C Pedrosa
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry (LABIOEX), Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Ourique
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry (LABIOEX), Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil.
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38
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Hua H, Zhang H, Kong Q, Wang J, Jiang Y. Complex roles of the old drug aspirin in cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Med Res Rev 2018; 39:114-145. [PMID: 29855050 DOI: 10.1002/med.21514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent aspirin is widely used for preventing and treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In addition, epidemiologic evidences reveal that aspirin may prevent a variety of human cancers, while data on the association between aspirin and some kinds of cancer are conflicting. Preclinical studies and clinical trials also reveal the therapeutic effect of aspirin on cancer. Although cyclooxygenase is a well-known target of aspirin, recent studies uncover other targets of aspirin and its metabolites, such as AMP-activated protein kinase, cyclin-dependent kinase, heparanase, and histone. Accumulating evidence demonstrate that aspirin may act in different cell types, such as epithelial cell, tumor cell, endothelial cell, platelet, and immune cell. Therefore, aspirin acts on diverse hallmarks of cancer, such as sustained tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, inflammation, and immune evasion. In this review, we focus on recent progress in the use of aspirin for cancer chemoprevention and therapy, and integratively analyze the mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of aspirin and its metabolites. We also discuss mechanisms of aspirin resistance and describe some derivatives of aspirin, which aim to overcome the adverse effects of aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hua
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingbin Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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39
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Gupta D, Kumar M, Tyagi P, Kapoor S, Tyagi A, Barman TK, Kharbanda S, Kufe D, Singh H. Concomitant Delivery of Paclitaxel and NuBCP-9 peptide for synergistic enhancement of cancer therapy. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:1301-1313. [PMID: 29641982 PMCID: PMC6175673 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a microtubule inhibitor administered as an albumin-bound nanoformulation for the treatment of breast cancer. However, the effectiveness of PTX is limited by resistance mechanisms mediated in part by upregulation of the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Present investigation was designed to study the synergistic potential of NuBCP-9 and PTX loaded polymeric nanoparticles to minimize the dose and improve the efficacy and safety. PTX and NuBCP-9 loaded polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol-polyethylene glycol [PLA-(PEG-PPG-PEG)] nanoparticles were prepared by double emulsion solvent evaporation method. PTX and NuBCP-9 loaded NPs displayed an average size of 90 nm with spherical morphology. PTX and NuBCP-9 dual loaded NPs reducedIC50 by ~40-fold and acted synergistically. Treatment of the syngeneic EAT mice with PTX-NuBCP-9/NPs resulted in improved efficacy than that alone treated mice. Overall, the concomitant delivery PTX and NuBCP-9 loaded NPs showed superior activity than that of PTX and NuBCP-9 alone treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dikshi Gupta
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, HauzKhas, New Delhi, India.
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, HauzKhas, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Tyagi
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, HauzKhas, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumeet Kapoor
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, HauzKhas, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Tyagi
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Tarani Kanta Barman
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, HauzKhas, New Delhi, India
| | - Surender Kharbanda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donald Kufe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Harpal Singh
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, HauzKhas, New Delhi, India.
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40
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Lai Q, Melandro F, Larghi Laureiro Z, Giovanardi F, Ginanni Corradini S, Ferri F, Hassan R, Rossi M, Mennini G. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in the setting of liver transplantation for hepatocellular cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:1658-1665. [PMID: 29686473 PMCID: PMC5910549 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i15.1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as a risk factor for post-transplant hepatocellular cancer (HCC) recurrence.
METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed. Participants of any age and sex, who underwent liver transplantation for HCC were considered following these criteria: (1) studies comparing pre-transplant low vs high PLR values; (2) studies reporting post-transplant recurrence rates; and (3) if more than one study was reported by the same institute, only the most recent was included. The primary outcome measure was set for HCC recurrence after transplantation.
RESULTS A total of 5 articles, published between 2014 and 2017, fulfilled the selection criteria. As for the quality of the reported studies, all the investigated articles presented an overall high quality. A total of 899 cases were investigated: 718 cases (80.0%) were males. Three studies coming from European countries and one from Japan presented HCV as the main cause of cirrhosis. On the opposite, one Chinese study presented a greater incidence of HBV-related cirrhotic cases. In all the studies apart one, the PLR cut-off value of 150 was reported. At meta-analysis, high PLR value was associated with a significant increase in recurrence after transplantation (OR = 3.33; 95%CI: 1.78-6.25; P < 0.001). A moderate heterogeneity was observed among the identified studies according to the Higgins I2 statistic value.
CONCLUSION Pre-transplant high PLR values are connected with an increased risk of post-operative recurrence of hepatocellular cancer. More studies are needed for better clarify the biological mechanisms of this results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quirino Lai
- Hepato-bilio-pancreatic and Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Fabio Melandro
- Hepato-bilio-pancreatic and Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Zoe Larghi Laureiro
- Hepato-bilio-pancreatic and Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Francesco Giovanardi
- Hepato-bilio-pancreatic and Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Stefano Ginanni Corradini
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Flaminia Ferri
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Redan Hassan
- Hepato-bilio-pancreatic and Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Massimo Rossi
- Hepato-bilio-pancreatic and Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Gianluca Mennini
- Hepato-bilio-pancreatic and Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00161, Italy
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41
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Li Y, Liu M, Cui J, Yang K, Zhao L, Gong M, Wang Y, He Y, He T, Bi Y. Hepa1-6-FLuc cell line with the stable expression of firefly luciferase retains its primary properties with promising bioluminescence imaging ability. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6203-6210. [PMID: 29616102 PMCID: PMC5876459 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Reliable animal models are required for the in vivo study of the molecular mechanisms and effects of chemotherapeutic drugs in hepatocarcinoma. In vivo tracing techniques based on firefly luciferase (FLuc) may optimize the non-invasive monitoring of experimental animals. The present study established a murine Hepa1-6-FLuc cell line that stably expressed a retrovirus-delivered FLuc protein gene. The cell morphology, proliferation, migration and invasion ability of Hepa1-6-FLuc cells were the same as that of the Hepa1-6 cells, and thus is suitable to replace Hepa1-6 cells in the construction of hepatocarcinoma animal models. No differences in subcutaneous tumor mass and its pathomorphology from implanted Hepa1-6-FLuc cells were observed compared with Hepa1-6 control tumors. Bioluminescence imaging indicated that the Luc signal of the Hepa1-6-FLuc cells was consistently strengthened with increases in tumor mass; however, the Luc signal of Hepa1-6-AdFLuc became weaker and eventually disappeared during tumor development. Therefore, compared with the transient expression by adenovirus, stable expression of the FLuc gene in Hepa1-6 cells may better reflect cell proliferation and survival in vivo, and provide a reliable source for the establishment of hepatocarcinoma models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasha Li
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Mengnan Liu
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Jiejie Cui
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Ke Yang
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhao
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Mengjia Gong
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Tongchuan He
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Yang Bi
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
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Abstract
Platelets are key players in thrombosis and hemostasis. Alterations in platelet count and function are common in liver disease, and may contribute to bleeding or thrombotic complications in liver diseases and during liver surgery. In addition to their hemostatic function, platelets may modulate liver diseases by mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Here, we present clinical evidence for a role of platelets in the progression of chronic and acute liver diseases, including cirrhosis, acute liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. We also present clinical evidence that platelets promote liver regeneration following partial liver resection. Subsequently, we summarize studies in experimental animal models that support these clinical observations, and also highlight studies that are in contrast with clinical observations. The combined results of clinical and experimental studies suggest that platelets may be a therapeutic target in the treatment of liver injury and repair, but the gaps in our understanding of mechanisms involved in platelet-mediated modulation of liver diseases call for caution in clinical application of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ton Lisman
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation and Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - James P. Luyendyk
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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43
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Wang Y, Du C, Zhang N, Li M, Liu Y, Zhao M, Wang F, Luo F. TGF-β1 mediates the effects of aspirin on colonic tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:5903-5909. [PMID: 29552221 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that aspirin serves an important role in chemoprevention and the suppression of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the underlying mechanisms for this inhibition by aspirin remain unclear. Aspirin is capable of promoting apoptosis through prostaglandin-dependent orprostaglandin-independent signaling pathways. In the prostaglandin-dependent pathways, inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX), particularly COX-2, is the primary mechanism known to be involved in aspirin-induced CRC suppression. Previous studies have implicated prostaglandin-independent signaling pathways and certain associated proteins, including SOX7, in aspirin-induced CRC suppression. In the present study, a newly-characterized association between aspirin, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and CRC inhibition was identified. Specifically, aspirin triggers CRC cell apoptosis by inducing the secretion of TGF-β1, and the increased TGF-β1 then leads to apoptosis and proliferation inhibition in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Chi Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, Sichuan 641000, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yanyang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Maoyuan Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Feng Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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44
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Han S, Lee S, Yang JD, Leise MD, Ahn JH, Kim S, Jung K, Gwak MS, Kim GS, Ko JS. Risk of posttransplant hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence is greater in recipients with higher platelet counts in living donor liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 2018; 24:44-55. [PMID: 29024412 DOI: 10.1002/lt.24961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Platelets interact with tumor cells and promote metastasis. The importance of platelets in posttransplant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence is unclear. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative platelet count (PLT) and HCC recurrence after living donor liver transplantation. Of 359 recipients of livers from living donors for HCC, 209 of 240 patients who had preoperative PLT ≤75 × 109 /L were matched with 97 of 119 patients who had preoperative PLT >75 × 109 /L using propensity score matching, with an unfixed matching ratio based on factors such as tumor biology. The cutoff value of 75 × 109 /L was set based on optimum stratification analysis. Survival analysis was performed with death as a competing risk event. The primary outcome was overall HCC recurrence. The median follow-up time was 59 months. Before matching, recurrence probability at 1, 2, and 5 years after transplantation was 4.7%, 9.2%, and 11.3% for the low platelet group and 14.5%, 23.0%, and 30.5% for the high platelet group. Recurrence risk was significantly greater in the high platelet group in both univariate (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.86-5.14; P < 0.001) and multivariate analyses (HR = 2.10; 95% CI, 1.23-3.60; P = 0.007). In the matched analysis, recurrence risk was also greater in the high platelet group in both univariate (HR = 2.33; 95% CI, 1.36-4.01; P = 0.002) and multivariate analyses (HR = 1.90; 95% CI, 1.02-3.54; P = 0.04). Preoperative PLT had no interaction with the Milan criteria, alpha-fetoprotein level, Edmonson grade, microvascular invasion, or intrahepatic metastasis. Incorporation of preoperative PLT into the Milan criteria significantly improved predictive power. Inflammation-based scores including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and the inflammation-based index did not show superiority to preoperative PLT in predicting HCC recurrence. In conclusion, preoperative PLT appears to be an important host factor affecting HCC recurrence after living donor liver transplantation. Liver Transplantation 24 44-55 2018 AASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangbin Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Dong Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Michael Douglas Leise
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Joong Hyun Ahn
- Statistics and Data Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seonwoo Kim
- Statistics and Data Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kangha Jung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
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45
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Malsy M, Graf B, Bundscherer A. Effects of metamizole, MAA, and paracetamol on proliferation, apoptosis, and necrosis in the pancreatic cancer cell lines PaTu 8988 t and Panc-1. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 18:77. [PMID: 29208039 PMCID: PMC5717838 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-017-0185-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas is one of the most aggressive cancer diseases affecting the human body. Recent research has shown the importance of the perioperative phase in disease progression. Particularly during this vulnerable phase, substances such as metamizole and paracetamol are given as general anesthetics and postoperative analgesics. Therefore, the effects of metamizole and paracetamol on tumor progression should be investigated in more detail because the extent to which these substances influence the carcinogenesis of pancreatic carcinoma is still unclear. This study analyzed the influence of metamizole and its active metabolites MAA (4-N-methyl-aminoantipyrine) and paracetamol on the proliferation, apoptosis, and necrosis of the pancreatic cancer cell lines PaTu 8988t and Panc-1 in vitro. METHODS Cell proliferation was measured by means of the ELISA BrdU assay and the rate of apoptosis by flow cytometry using the Annexin V assay. RESULTS Metamizole and paracetamol significantly inhibited cell proliferation in pancreatic cancer cells. After the addition of metamizole to PaTu 8988t cells, the rate of apoptosis was reduced after 3 h of incubation but significantly increased after 9 h of incubation. CONCLUSION The oncogenic potential of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is mainly characterized by its extreme growth rate. Non-opioid analgesics such as metamizole and paracetamol are given as general anesthetics and postoperative analgesics. The combination of metamizole or paracetamol with cytotoxic therapeutic approaches may achieve synergistic effects. Further studies are necessary to identify the underlying mechanisms so that new therapeutic options may be developed for the treatment of this aggressive tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Malsy
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Graf
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anika Bundscherer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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46
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Peterson NC, Nunamaker EA, Turner PV. To Treat or Not to Treat: The Effects of Pain on Experimental Parameters. Comp Med 2017; 67:469-482. [PMID: 29212578 PMCID: PMC5713161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A common dilemma faced by all animal bioethics committees arises when exceptions are proposed to the use of analgesics in painful procedures. The committee and researcher must weigh the possible confounding effects of including additional drugs (analgesics) in their treatment regimen against the moral obligation to perform humane research. Often neglected in these considerations are the potential confounding effects of unrelieved pain and consistency with pain-relieving practices in human medicine. In this review, we summarize what is currently known regarding the molecular and physiologic effects of pain and analgesics in common animal models used across several therapeutic areas. This work is intended to help provide guidance and assurance that a comprehensive approach has been taken when contemplating how pain relief will be applied in animal research protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Patricia V Turner
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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47
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The anti-tumor effect of aspirin: What we know and what we expect. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:656-661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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48
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Effects of aspirin and clopidogrel on neural stem cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2017; 34:219-232. [DOI: 10.1007/s10565-017-9412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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49
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Sampath R, Cummins NW, Natesampillai S, Bren GD, Chung TD, Baker J, Henry K, Pagliuzza A, Badley AD. Increasing procaspase 8 expression using repurposed drugs to induce HIV infected cell death in ex vivo patient cells. PLoS One 2017. [PMID: 28628632 PMCID: PMC5476266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV persists because a reservoir of latently infected CD4 T cells do not express viral proteins and are indistinguishable from uninfected cells. One approach to HIV cure suggests that reactivating HIV will activate cytotoxic pathways; yet when tested in vivo, reactivating cells do not die sufficiently to reduce cell-associated HIV DNA levels. We recently showed that following reactivation from latency, HIV infected cells generate the HIV specific cytotoxic protein Casp8p41 which is produced by HIV protease cleaving procaspase 8. However, cell death is prevented, possibly due to low procaspase 8 expression. Here, we tested whether increasing procaspase 8 levels in CD4 T cells will produce more Casp8p41 following HIV reactivation, causing more reactivated cells to die. Screening 1277 FDA approved drugs identified 168 that increased procaspase 8 expression by at least 1.7-fold. Of these 30 were tested for anti-HIV effects in an acute HIVIIIb infection model, and 9 drugs at physiologic relevant levels significantly reduced cell-associated HIV DNA. Primary CD4 T cells from ART suppressed HIV patients were treated with one of these 9 drugs and reactivated with αCD3/αCD28. Four drugs significantly increased Casp8p41 levels following HIV reactivation, and decreased total cell associated HIV DNA levels (flurbiprofen: p = 0.014; doxycycline: p = 0.044; indomethacin: p = 0.025; bezafibrate: P = 0.018) without effecting the viability of uninfected cells. Thus procaspase 8 levels can be increased pharmacologically and, in the context of HIV reactivation, increase Casp8p41 causing death of reactivating cells and decreased HIV DNA levels. Future studies will be required to define the clinical utility of this or similar approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Sampath
- Division of Infectious Disease, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Nathan W. Cummins
- Division of Infectious Disease, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Sekar Natesampillai
- Division of Infectious Disease, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Gary D. Bren
- Division of Infectious Disease, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Thomas D. Chung
- Office of Translation to Practice, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Jason Baker
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Keith Henry
- HIV Program, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minnneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Amélie Pagliuzza
- Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Andrew D. Badley
- Division of Infectious Disease, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States of America
- Office of Translation to Practice, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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50
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Ashraf A, Hanif M, Kubanik M, Söhnel T, Jamieson SM, Bhattacharyya A, Hartinger CG. Aspirin-inspired organometallic compounds: Structural characterization and cytotoxicity. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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