1
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Jiao F, Meng L, Du K, Li X. The autophagy-lysosome pathway: a potential target in the chemical and gene therapeutic strategies for Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:139-158. [PMID: 38767483 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease with movement disorders associated with the intracytoplasmic deposition of aggregate proteins such as α-synuclein in neurons. As one of the major intracellular degradation pathways, the autophagy-lysosome pathway plays an important role in eliminating these proteins. Accumulating evidence has shown that upregulation of the autophagy-lysosome pathway may contribute to the clearance of α-synuclein aggregates and protect against degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. Moreover, multiple genes associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease are intimately linked to alterations in the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Thus, this pathway appears to be a promising therapeutic target for treatment of Parkinson's disease. In this review, we briefly introduce the machinery of autophagy. Then, we provide a description of the effects of Parkinson's disease-related genes on the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Finally, we highlight the potential chemical and genetic therapeutic strategies targeting the autophagy-lysosome pathway and their applications in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Jiao
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lingyan Meng
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kang Du
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xuezhi Li
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
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2
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Lacombe A, Scorrano L. The interplay between mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy: From a key homeostatic mechanism to a driver of pathology. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 161-162:1-19. [PMID: 38430721 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The complex relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy illustrates how two cellular housekeeping processes are intimately linked, illuminating fundamental principles of cellular homeostasis and shedding light on disparate pathological conditions including several neurodegenerative disorders. Here we review the basic tenets of mitochondrial dynamics i.e., the concerted balance between fusion and fission of the organelle, and its interplay with macroautophagy and selective mitochondrial autophagy, also dubbed mitophagy, in the maintenance of mitochondrial quality control and ultimately in cell viability. We illustrate how conditions of altered mitochondrial dynamics reverberate on autophagy and vice versa. Finally, we illustrate how altered interplay between these two key cellular processes participates in the pathogenesis of human disorders affecting multiple organs and systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Lacombe
- Dept. of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Dept. of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.
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3
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Reed JN, Huang J, Li Y, Ma L, Banka D, Wabitsch M, Wang T, Ding W, Björkegren JL, Civelek M. Systems genetics analysis of human body fat distribution genes identifies adipocyte processes. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402603. [PMID: 38702075 PMCID: PMC11068934 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Excess abdominal fat is a sexually dimorphic risk factor for cardio-metabolic disease and is approximated by the waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (WHRadjBMI). Whereas this trait is highly heritable, few causal genes are known. We aimed to identify novel drivers of WHRadjBMI using systems genetics. We used two independent cohorts of adipose tissue gene expression and constructed sex- and depot-specific Bayesian networks to model gene-gene interactions from 8,492 genes. Using key driver analysis, we identified genes that, in silico and putatively in vitro, regulate many others. 51-119 key drivers in each network were replicated in both cohorts. In other cell types, 23 of these genes are found in crucial adipocyte pathways: Wnt signaling or mitochondrial function. We overexpressed or down-regulated seven key driver genes in human subcutaneous pre-adipocytes. Key driver genes ANAPC2 and RSPO1 inhibited adipogenesis, whereas PSME3 increased adipogenesis. RSPO1 increased Wnt signaling activity. In differentiated adipocytes, MIGA1 and UBR1 down-regulation led to mitochondrial dysfunction. These five genes regulate adipocyte function, and we hypothesize that they regulate fat distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan N Reed
- https://ror.org/0153tk833 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- https://ror.org/0153tk833 Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jiansheng Huang
- Novo Nordisk Research Center China, Novo Nordisk A/S, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Li
- Novo Nordisk Research Center China, Novo Nordisk A/S, Beijing, China
| | - Lijiang Ma
- https://ror.org/04a9tmd77 Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dhanush Banka
- https://ror.org/0153tk833 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Novo Nordisk Research Center China, Novo Nordisk A/S, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Ding
- Novo Nordisk Research Center China, Novo Nordisk A/S, Beijing, China
| | - Johan Lm Björkegren
- https://ror.org/04a9tmd77 Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mete Civelek
- https://ror.org/0153tk833 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- https://ror.org/0153tk833 Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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4
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Zhong Y, Xia S, Wang G, Liu Q, Ma F, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Qian L, Hu L, Xie J. The interplay between mitophagy and mitochondrial ROS in acute lung injury. Mitochondrion 2024:101920. [PMID: 38876297 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria orchestrate the production of new mitochondria and the removal of damaged ones to dynamically maintain mitochondrial homeostasis through constant biogenesis and clearance mechanisms. Mitochondrial quality control particularly relies on mitophagy, defined as selective autophagy with mitochondria-targeting specificity. Most ROS are derived from mitochondria, and the physiological concentration of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) is no longer considered a useless by-product, as it has been proven to participate in immune and autophagy pathway regulation. However, excessive mtROS appears to be a pathogenic factor in several diseases, including acute lung injury (ALI). The interplay between mitophagy and mtROS is complex and closely related to ALI. Here, we review the pathways of mitophagy, the intricate relationship between mitophagy and mtROS, the role of mtROS in the pathogenesis of ALI, and their effects and related progression in ALI induced by different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No.3 East Qingchun Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Siwei Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No.3 East Qingchun Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Gaojian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No.3 East Qingchun Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Qinxue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No.3 East Qingchun Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Fengjie Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No.3 East Qingchun Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yijin Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No.3 East Qingchun Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No.3 East Qingchun Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No.3 East Qingchun Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No.1518 North Huancheng Road, Nanhu District, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Junran Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No.3 East Qingchun Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou 310016, China.
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5
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Wu L, Chang E, Zhao H, Ma D. Regulated cell death in hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy: recent development and mechanistic overview. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:277. [PMID: 38862503 PMCID: PMC11167026 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) in termed infants remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide despite the introduction of therapeutic hypothermia. Depending on the cell type, cellular context, metabolic predisposition and insult severity, cell death in the injured immature brain can be highly heterogenous. A continuum of cell death exists in the H/I-injured immature brain. Aside from apoptosis, emerging evidence supports the pathological activation of necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis as alternative regulated cell death (RCD) in HIE to trigger neuroinflammation and metabolic disturbances in addition to cell loss. Upregulation of autophagy and mitophagy in HIE represents an intrinsic neuroprotective strategy. Molecular crosstalk between RCD pathways implies one RCD mechanism may compensate for the loss of function of another. Moreover, mitochondrion was identified as the signalling "hub" where different RCD pathways converge. The highly-orchestrated nature of RCD makes them promising therapeutic targets. Better understanding of RCD mechanisms and crosstalk between RCD subtypes likely shed light on novel therapy development for HIE. The identification of a potential RCD converging node may open up the opportunity for simultaneous and synergistic inhibition of cell death in the immature brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Wu
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Enqiang Chang
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Hailin Zhao
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Daqing Ma
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
- Perioperative and Systems Medicine Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
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6
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Kong L, Li S, Fu Y, Cai Q, Du X, Liang J, Ma T. Mitophagy in relation to chronic inflammation/ROS in aging. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05042-9. [PMID: 38834837 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Various assaults on mitochondria occur during the human aging process, contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction. This mitochondrial dysfunction is intricately connected with aging and diseases associated with it. In vivo, the accumulation of defective mitochondria can precipitate inflammatory and oxidative stress, thereby accelerating aging. Mitophagy, an essential selective autophagy process, plays a crucial role in managing mitochondrial quality control and homeostasis. It is a highly specialized mechanism that systematically removes damaged or impaired mitochondria from cells, ensuring their optimal functioning and survival. By engaging in mitophagy, cells are able to maintain a balanced and stable environment, free from the potentially harmful effects of dysfunctional mitochondria. An ever-growing body of research highlights the significance of mitophagy in both aging and age-related diseases. Nonetheless, the association between mitophagy and inflammation or oxidative stress induced by mitochondrial dysfunction remains ambiguous. We review the fundamental mechanisms of mitophagy in this paper, delve into its relationship with age-related stress, and propose suggestions for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Kong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuhao Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinyun Cai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyun Du
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tan Ma
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.
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7
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Coukos R, Krainc D. Key genes and convergent pathogenic mechanisms in Parkinson disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2024; 25:393-413. [PMID: 38600347 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00812-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by the preferential dysfunction and death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The onset and progression of PD is influenced by a diversity of genetic variants, many of which lack functional characterization. To identify the most high-yield targets for therapeutic intervention, it is important to consider the core cellular compartments and functional pathways upon which the varied forms of pathogenic dysfunction may converge. Here, we review several key PD-linked proteins and pathways, focusing on the mechanisms of their potential convergence in disease pathogenesis. These dysfunctions primarily localize to a subset of subcellular compartments, including mitochondria, lysosomes and synapses. We discuss how these pathogenic mechanisms that originate in different cellular compartments may coordinately lead to cellular dysfunction and neurodegeneration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Coukos
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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8
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de Talhouët C, Esteras N, Soutar MPM, O'Callaghan B, Plun-Favreau H. KAT8 compound inhibition inhibits the initial steps of PINK1-dependant mitophagy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11721. [PMID: 38777823 PMCID: PMC11111795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60602-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
It has recently been shown that KAT8, a genome-wide association study candidate risk gene for Parkinson's Disease, is involved in PINK1/Parkin-dependant mitophagy. The KAT8 gene encodes a lysine acetyltransferase and represents the catalytically active subunit of the non-specific lethal epigenetic remodelling complex. In the current study, we show that contrary to KAT5 inhibition, dual inhibition of KAT5 and KAT8 via the MG149 compound inhibits the initial steps of the PINK1-dependant mitophagy process. More specifically, our study shows that following mitochondrial depolarisation induced by mitochondrial toxins, MG149 treatment inhibits PINK1-dependant mitophagy initiation by impairing PINK1 activation, and subsequent phosphorylation of Parkin and ubiquitin. While this inhibitory effect of MG149 on PINK1-activation is potent, MG149 treatment in the absence of mitochondrial toxins is sufficient to depolarise the mitochondrial membrane, recruit PINK1 and promote partial downstream recruitment of the autophagy receptor p62, leading to an increase in mitochondrial delivery to the lysosomes. Altogether, our study provides additional support for KAT8 as a regulator of mitophagy and autophagy processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Capucine de Talhouët
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Noemi Esteras
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc P M Soutar
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Benjamin O'Callaghan
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
| | - Helene Plun-Favreau
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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9
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Clausen L, Okarmus J, Voutsinos V, Meyer M, Lindorff-Larsen K, Hartmann-Petersen R. PRKN-linked familial Parkinson's disease: cellular and molecular mechanisms of disease-linked variants. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:223. [PMID: 38767677 PMCID: PMC11106057 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common and incurable neurodegenerative disorder that arises from the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and is mainly characterized by progressive loss of motor function. Monogenic familial PD is associated with highly penetrant variants in specific genes, notably the PRKN gene, where homozygous or compound heterozygous loss-of-function variants predominate. PRKN encodes Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase important for protein ubiquitination and mitophagy of damaged mitochondria. Accordingly, Parkin plays a central role in mitochondrial quality control but is itself also subject to a strict protein quality control system that rapidly eliminates certain disease-linked Parkin variants. Here, we summarize the cellular and molecular functions of Parkin, highlighting the various mechanisms by which PRKN gene variants result in loss-of-function. We emphasize the importance of high-throughput assays and computational tools for the clinical classification of PRKN gene variants and how detailed insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of PRKN gene variants may impact the development of personalized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Clausen
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Justyna Okarmus
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Vasileios Voutsinos
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Meyer
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, BRIDGE, Brain Research Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kresten Lindorff-Larsen
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Hartmann-Petersen
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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10
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Yu Y, Wang G, Liu Y, Meng Z. Potential application of traditional Chinese medicine in age-related macular degeneration-focusing on mitophagy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1410998. [PMID: 38828456 PMCID: PMC11140084 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1410998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelial cell and neuroretinal damage in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can lead to serious visual impairments and blindness. Studies have shown that mitophagy, a highly specialized cellular degradation system, is implicated in the pathogenesis of AMD. Mitophagy selectively eliminates impaired or non-functioning mitochondria via several pathways, such as the phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase 1/Parkin, BCL2-interacting protein 3 and NIP3-like protein X, FUN14 domain-containing 1, and AMP-activated protein kinase pathways. This has a major impact on the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis. Therefore, the regulation of mitophagy could be a promising therapeutic strategy for AMD. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) uses natural products that could potentially prevent and treat various diseases, such as AMD. This review aims to summarize recent findings on mitophagy regulation pathways and the latest progress in AMD treatment targeting mitophagy, emphasizing methods involving TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Yu
- First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Gaofeng Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaoru Meng
- School of Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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11
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Hertz N, Chin R, Rakhit R, Ditsworth D, Wang C, Bartholomeus J, Liu S, Mody A, Laihsu A, Eastes A, Tai C, Kim R, Li J, Khasnavis S, Rafalski V, Heerendeen D, Garda V, Phung J, de Roulet D, Ordureau A, Harper JW, Johnstone S, Stöhr J. Pharmacological PINK1 activation ameliorates Pathology in Parkinson's Disease models. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4356493. [PMID: 38765977 PMCID: PMC11100876 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4356493/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
PINK1 loss-of-function mutations and exposure to mitochondrial toxins are causative for Parkinson's disease (PD) and Parkinsonism, respectively. We demonstrate that pathological α-synuclein deposition, the hallmark pathology of idiopathic PD, induces mitochondrial dysfunction, and impairs mitophagy as evidenced by the accumulation of the PINK1 substrate pS65-Ubiquitin (pUb). We discovered MTK458, a brain penetrant small molecule that binds to PINK1 and stabilizes its active complex, resulting in increased rates of mitophagy. Treatment with MTK458 mediates clearance of accumulated pUb and α-synuclein pathology in α-synuclein pathology models in vitro and in vivo. Our findings from preclinical PD models suggest that pharmacological activation of PINK1 warrants further clinical evaluation as a therapeutic strategy for disease modification in PD.
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12
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Yamano K, Kinefuchi H, Kojima W. Mitochondrial quality control via organelle and protein degradation. J Biochem 2024; 175:487-494. [PMID: 38102729 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvad106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential eukaryotic organelles that produce ATP as well as synthesize various macromolecules. They also participate in signalling pathways such as the innate immune response and apoptosis. These diverse functions are performed by >1,000 different mitochondrial proteins. Although mitochondria are continuously exposed to potentially damaging conditions such as reactive oxygen species, proteases/peptidases localized in different mitochondrial subcompartments, termed mitoproteases, maintain mitochondrial quality and integrity. In addition to processing incoming precursors and degrading damaged proteins, mitoproteases also regulate metabolic reactions, mitochondrial protein half-lives and gene transcription. Impaired mitoprotease function is associated with various pathologies. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of mitochondrial quality control regulated by autophagy, ubiquitin-proteasomes and mitoproteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yamano
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kinefuchi
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Waka Kojima
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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13
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Wang W, Li E, Zou J, Qu C, Ayala J, Wen Y, Islam MS, Weintraub NL, Fulton DJ, Liang Q, Zhou J, Liu J, Li J, Sun Y, Su H. The Ubiquitin Ligase RBX2/SAG Regulates Mitochondrial Ubiquitination and Mitophagy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.24.581168. [PMID: 38464205 PMCID: PMC10925227 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.24.581168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Clearance of damaged mitochondria via mitophagy is crucial for cellular homeostasis. While the role of ubiquitin (Ub) ligase PARKIN in mitophagy has been extensively studied, increasing evidence suggests the existence of PARKIN-independent mitophagy in highly metabolically active organs such as the heart. Here, we identify a crucial role for Cullin-RING Ub ligase 5 (CRL5) in basal mitochondrial turnover in cardiomyocytes. CRL5 is a multi-subunit Ub ligase comprised by the catalytic RING box protein RBX2 (also known as SAG), scaffold protein Cullin 5 (CUL5), and a substrate-recognizing receptor. Analysis of the mitochondrial outer membrane-interacting proteome uncovered a robust association of CRLs with mitochondria. Subcellular fractionation, immunostaining, and immunogold electron microscopy established that RBX2 and Cul5, two core components of CRL5, localizes to mitochondria. Depletion of RBX2 inhibited mitochondrial ubiquitination and turnover, impaired mitochondrial membrane potential and respiration, and increased cell death in cardiomyocytes. In vivo , deletion of the Rbx2 gene in adult mouse hearts suppressed mitophagic activity, provoked accumulation of damaged mitochondria in the myocardium, and disrupted myocardial metabolism, leading to rapid development of dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Similarly, ablation of RBX2 in the developing heart resulted in dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Notably, the action of RBX2 in mitochondria is not dependent on PARKIN, and PARKIN gene deletion had no impact on the onset and progression of cardiomyopathy in RBX2-deficient hearts. Furthermore, RBX2 controls the stability of PINK1 in mitochondria. Proteomics and biochemical analyses further revealed a global impact of RBX2 deficiency on the mitochondrial proteome and identified several mitochondrial proteins as its putative substrates. These findings identify RBX2-CRL5 as a mitochondrial Ub ligase that controls mitophagy under physiological conditions in a PARKIN-independent, PINK1-dependent manner, thereby regulating cardiac homeostasis.
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14
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You W, Knoops K, Berendschot TTJM, Benedikter BJ, Webers CAB, Reutelingsperger CPM, Gorgels TGMF. PGC-1a mediated mitochondrial biogenesis promotes recovery and survival of neuronal cells from cellular degeneration. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:180. [PMID: 38632223 PMCID: PMC11024166 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01953-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by the progressive loss of structure and function of neurons, often including the death of the neuron. Previously, we reported that, by removing the cell death stimulus, dying/injured neurons could survive and recover from the process of regulated cell death, even if the cells already displayed various signs of cellular damage. Now we investigated the role of mitochondrial dynamics (fission/fusion, biogenesis, mitophagy) in both degeneration and in recovery of neuronal cells. In neuronal PC12 cells, exposure to ethanol (EtOH) induced massive neurite loss along with widespread mitochondrial fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, reduced ATP production, and decreased total mitochondrial volume. By removing EtOH timely all these mitochondrial parameters recovered to normal levels. Meanwhile, cells regrew neurites and survived. Study of the mitochondrial dynamics showed that autophagy was activated only during the cellular degeneration phase (EtOH treatment) but not in the recovery phase (EtOH removed), and it was not dependent on the Parkin/PINK1 mediated mitophagy pathway. Protein expression of key regulators of mitochondrial fission, phospho-Drp1Ser616 and S-OPA1, increased during EtOH treatment and recovered to normal levels after removing EtOH. In addition, the critical role of PGC-1α mediated mitochondrial biogenesis in cellular recovery was revealed: inhibition of PGC-1α using SR-18292 after EtOH removal significantly impeded recovery of mitochondrial damage, regeneration of neurites, and cell survival in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, our study showed reversibility of mitochondrial morphological and functional damage in stressed neuronal cells and revealed that PGC-1α mediated mitochondrial biogenesis played a critical role in the cellular recovery. This molecular mechanism could be a target for neuroprotection and neurorescue in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting You
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Disease, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kèvin Knoops
- The Microscopy CORE lab, Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tos T J M Berendschot
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Birke J Benedikter
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carroll A B Webers
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Chris P M Reutelingsperger
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Disease, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Theo G M F Gorgels
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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15
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Jeon SJ, Chung KC. The SCF-FBW7β E3 ligase mediates ubiquitination and degradation of the serine/threonine protein kinase PINK1. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107198. [PMID: 38508312 PMCID: PMC11026729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms that govern the stability of functionally crucial proteins is essential for various cellular processes, development, and overall cell viability. Disturbances in protein homeostasis are linked to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), a protein kinase, plays a significant role in mitochondrial quality control and cellular stress response, and its mutated forms lead to early-onset Parkinson's disease. Despite its importance, the specific mechanisms regulating PINK1 protein stability have remained unclear. This study reveals a cytoplasmic interaction between PINK1 and F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7β (FBW7β) in mammalian cells. FBW7β, a component of the Skp1-Cullin-1-F-box protein complex-type ubiquitin ligase, is instrumental in recognizing substrates. Our findings demonstrate that FBW7β regulates PINK1 stability through the Skp1-Cullin-1-F-box protein complex and the proteasome pathway. It facilitates the K48-linked polyubiquitination of PINK1, marking it for degradation. When FBW7 is absent, PINK1 accumulates, leading to heightened mitophagy triggered by carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone treatment. Moreover, exposure to the toxic compound staurosporine accelerates PINK1 degradation via FBW7β, correlating with increased cell death. This study unravels the intricate mechanisms controlling PINK1 protein stability and sheds light on the novel role of FBW7β. These findings deepen our understanding of PINK1-related pathologies and potentially pave the way for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Jeong Jeon
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwang Chul Chung
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
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16
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Eldeeb MA, Bayne AN, Fallahi A, Goiran T, MacDougall EJ, Soumbasis A, Zorca CE, Tabah JJ, Thomas RA, Karpilovsky N, Mathur M, Durcan TM, Trempe JF, Fon EA. Tom20 gates PINK1 activity and mediates its tethering of the TOM and TIM23 translocases upon mitochondrial stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313540121. [PMID: 38416681 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313540121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) cause autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). PINK1 is a Ser/Thr kinase that regulates mitochondrial quality control by triggering mitophagy mediated by the ubiquitin (Ub) ligase Parkin. Upon mitochondrial damage, PINK1 accumulates on the outer mitochondrial membrane forming a high-molecular-weight complex with the translocase of the outer membrane (TOM). PINK1 then phosphorylates Ub, which enables recruitment and activation of Parkin followed by autophagic clearance of the damaged mitochondrion. Thus, Parkin-dependent mitophagy hinges on the stable accumulation of PINK1 on the TOM complex. Yet, the mechanism linking mitochondrial stressors to PINK1 accumulation and whether the translocases of the inner membrane (TIMs) are also involved remain unclear. Herein, we demonstrate that mitochondrial stress induces the formation of a PINK1-TOM-TIM23 supercomplex in human cultured cell lines, dopamine neurons, and midbrain organoids. Moreover, we show that PINK1 is required to stably tether the TOM to TIM23 complexes in response to stress such that the supercomplex fails to accumulate in cells lacking PINK1. This tethering is dependent on an interaction between the PINK1 N-terminal-C-terminal extension module and the cytosolic domain of the Tom20 subunit of the TOM complex, the disruption of which, by either designer or PD-associated PINK1 mutations, inhibits downstream mitophagy. Together, the findings provide key insight into how PINK1 interfaces with the mitochondrial import machinery, with important implications for the mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control and PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Eldeeb
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Andrew N Bayne
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, Montréal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Armaan Fallahi
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Thomas Goiran
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Emma J MacDougall
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Andrea Soumbasis
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Cornelia E Zorca
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jace-Jones Tabah
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Rhalena A Thomas
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Nathan Karpilovsky
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Meghna Mathur
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Thomas M Durcan
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jean-François Trempe
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, Montréal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Edward A Fon
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium - Neuro, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
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17
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Yamano K, Sawada M, Kikuchi R, Nagataki K, Kojima W, Endo R, Kinefuchi H, Sugihara A, Fujino T, Watanabe A, Tanaka K, Hayashi G, Murakami H, Matsuda N. Optineurin provides a mitophagy contact site for TBK1 activation. EMBO J 2024; 43:754-779. [PMID: 38287189 PMCID: PMC10907724 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00036-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a Ser/Thr kinase that is involved in many intracellular processes, such as innate immunity, cell cycle, and apoptosis. TBK1 is also important for phosphorylating the autophagy adaptors that mediate the selective autophagic removal of damaged mitochondria. However, the mechanism by which PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy activates TBK1 remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the autophagy adaptor optineurin (OPTN) provides a unique platform for TBK1 activation. Both the OPTN-ubiquitin and the OPTN-pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) interaction axes facilitate assembly of the OPTN-TBK1 complex at a contact sites between damaged mitochondria and the autophagosome formation sites. At this assembly point, a positive feedback loop for TBK1 activation is initiated that accelerates hetero-autophosphorylation of the protein. Expression of monobodies engineered here to bind OPTN impaired OPTN accumulation at contact sites, as well as the subsequent activation of TBK1, thereby inhibiting mitochondrial degradation. Taken together, these data show that a positive and reciprocal relationship between OPTN and TBK1 initiates autophagosome biogenesis on damaged mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yamano
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.
| | - Momoha Sawada
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Reika Kikuchi
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kafu Nagataki
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Waka Kojima
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Ryu Endo
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kinefuchi
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sugihara
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Tomoshige Fujino
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Aiko Watanabe
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Protein Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Gosuke Hayashi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murakami
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Matsuda
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
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18
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Ramirez AT, Liu Z, Xu Q, Nowosadtko S, Liu X. Cloflucarban Illuminates Specificity and Context-Dependent Activation of the PINK1-Parkin Pathway by Mitochondrial Complex Inhibition. Biomolecules 2024; 14:248. [PMID: 38540668 PMCID: PMC10967832 DOI: 10.3390/biom14030248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)-Parkin pathway plays a vital role in maintaining a healthy pool of mitochondria in higher eukaryotic cells. While the downstream components of this pathway are well understood, the upstream triggers remain less explored. In this study, we conducted an extensive analysis of inhibitors targeting various mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes to investigate their potential as activators of the PINK1-Parkin pathway. We identified cloflucarban, an antibacterial compound, as a novel pathway activator that simultaneously inhibits mitochondrial complexes III and V, and V. RNA interference (RNAi) confirmed that the dual inhibition of these complexes activates the PINK1-Parkin pathway. Intriguingly, we discovered that albumin, specifically bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA) commonly present in culture media, can hinder carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP)-induced pathway activation. However, cloflucarban's efficacy remains unaffected by albumin, highlighting its reliability for studying the PINK1-Parkin pathway. This study provides insights into the activation of the upstream PINK1-Parkin pathway and underscores the influence of culture conditions on research outcomes. Cloflucarban emerges as a promising tool for investigating mitochondrial quality control and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xuedong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Jennie Smoly Caruthers Biotechnology Building, University of Colorado-Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80303, USA; (A.T.R.); (Q.X.); (S.N.)
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19
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Caruso L, Fields M, Rimondi E, Zauli G, Longo G, Marcuzzi A, Previati M, Gonelli A, Zauli E, Milani D. Classical and Innovative Evidence for Therapeutic Strategies in Retinal Dysfunctions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2124. [PMID: 38396799 PMCID: PMC10889839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The human retina is a complex anatomical structure that has no regenerative capacity. The pathogenesis of most retinopathies can be attributed to inflammation, with the activation of the inflammasome protein platform, and to the impact of oxidative stress on the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy/mitophagy in retinal cells. In recent years, new therapeutic approaches to treat retinopathies have been investigated. Experimental data suggest that the secretome of mesenchymal cells could reduce oxidative stress, autophagy, and the apoptosis of retinal cells, and in turn, the secretome of the latter could induce changes in mesenchymal cells. Other studies have evidenced that noncoding (nc)RNAs might be new targets for retinopathy treatment and novel disease biomarkers since a correlation has been found between ncRNA levels and retinopathies. A new field to explore is the interaction observed between the ocular and intestinal microbiota; indeed, recent findings have shown that the alteration of gut microbiota seems to be linked to ocular diseases, suggesting a gut-eye axis. To explore new therapeutical strategies for retinopathies, it is important to use proper models that can mimic the complexity of the retina. In this context, retinal organoids represent a good model for the study of the pathophysiology of the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Matteo Fields
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Erika Rimondi
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh 11462, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Giovanna Longo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Annalisa Marcuzzi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Maurizio Previati
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Arianna Gonelli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Enrico Zauli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Daniela Milani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
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20
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Marchesan E, Nardin A, Mauri S, Bernardo G, Chander V, Di Paola S, Chinellato M, von Stockum S, Chakraborty J, Herkenne S, Basso V, Schrepfer E, Marin O, Cendron L, Medina DL, Scorrano L, Ziviani E. Activation of Ca 2+ phosphatase Calcineurin regulates Parkin translocation to mitochondria and mitophagy in flies. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:217-238. [PMID: 38238520 PMCID: PMC10850161 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01251-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective removal of dysfunctional mitochondria via autophagy is crucial for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. This event is initiated by the translocation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin to damaged mitochondria, and it requires the Serine/Threonine-protein kinase PINK1. In a coordinated set of events, PINK1 operates upstream of Parkin in a linear pathway that leads to the phosphorylation of Parkin, Ubiquitin, and Parkin mitochondrial substrates, to promote ubiquitination of outer mitochondrial membrane proteins. Ubiquitin-decorated mitochondria are selectively recruiting autophagy receptors, which are required to terminate the organelle via autophagy. In this work, we show a previously uncharacterized molecular pathway that correlates the activation of the Ca2+-dependent phosphatase Calcineurin to Parkin translocation and Parkin-dependent mitophagy. Calcineurin downregulation or genetic inhibition prevents Parkin translocation to CCCP-treated mitochondria and impairs stress-induced mitophagy, whereas Calcineurin activation promotes Parkin mitochondrial recruitment and basal mitophagy. Calcineurin interacts with Parkin, and promotes Parkin translocation in the absence of PINK1, but requires PINK1 expression to execute mitophagy in MEF cells. Genetic activation of Calcineurin in vivo boosts basal mitophagy in neurons and corrects locomotor dysfunction and mitochondrial respiratory defects of a Drosophila model of impaired mitochondrial functions. Our study identifies Calcineurin as a novel key player in the regulation of Parkin translocation and mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Nardin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sofia Mauri
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Greta Bernardo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Vivek Chander
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Simone Di Paola
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Emilie Schrepfer
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Dulbecco-Telethon Institute, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Oriano Marin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DSB), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Cendron
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Diego L Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Dulbecco-Telethon Institute, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Ziviani
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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21
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Cao M, Tang Y, Luo Y, Gu F, Zhu Y, Liu X, Yan C, Hu W, Wang S, Chao X, Xu H, Chen HB, Wang L. Natural compounds modulating mitophagy: Implications for cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2024; 582:216590. [PMID: 38097131 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is considered as the second leading cause of mortality, and cancer incidence is still growing rapidly worldwide, which poses an increasing global health burden. Although chemotherapy is the most widely used treatment for cancer, its effectiveness is limited by drug resistance and severe side effects. Mitophagy is the principal mechanism that degrades damaged mitochondria via the autophagy/lysosome pathway to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Emerging evidence indicates that mitophagy plays crucial roles in tumorigenesis, particularly in cancer therapy. Mitophagy can exhibit dual effects in cancer, with both cancer-inhibiting or cancer-promoting function in a context-dependent manner. A variety of natural compounds have been found to affect cancer cell death and display anticancer properties by modulating mitophagy. In this review, we provide a systematic overview of mitophagy signaling pathways, and examine recent advances in the utilization of natural compounds for cancer therapy through the modulation of mitophagy. Furthermore, we address the inquiries and challenges associated with ongoing investigations concerning the application of natural compounds in cancer therapy based on mitophagy. Overcoming these limitations will provide opportunities to develop novel interventional strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Cao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yancheng Tang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yufei Luo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China
| | - Fen Gu
- Department of Infection, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Yuyuan Zhu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xu Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chenghao Yan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Boai Rehabilitation Hospital, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Shaogui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chao
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Haodong Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Hu-Biao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
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22
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Tang S, Geng Y, Lin Q. The role of mitophagy in metabolic diseases and its exercise intervention. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1339128. [PMID: 38348222 PMCID: PMC10859464 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1339128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are energy factories that sustain life activities in the body, and their dysfunction can cause various metabolic diseases that threaten human health. Mitophagy, an essential intracellular mitochondrial quality control mechanism, can maintain cellular and metabolic homeostasis by removing damaged mitochondria and participating in developing metabolic diseases. Research has confirmed that exercise can regulate mitophagy levels, thereby exerting protective metabolic effects in metabolic diseases. This article reviews the role of mitophagy in metabolic diseases, the effects of exercise on mitophagy, and the potential mechanisms of exercise-regulated mitophagy intervention in metabolic diseases, providing new insights for future basic and clinical research on exercise interventions to prevent and treat metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qinqin Lin
- School of Physical Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
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23
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Cui M, Yamano K, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto-Imoto H, Minami S, Yamamoto T, Matsui S, Kaminishi T, Shima T, Ogura M, Tsuchiya M, Nishino K, Layden BT, Kato H, Ogawa H, Oki S, Okada Y, Isaka Y, Kosako H, Matsuda N, Yoshimori T, Nakamura S. HKDC1, a target of TFEB, is essential to maintain both mitochondrial and lysosomal homeostasis, preventing cellular senescence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2306454120. [PMID: 38170752 PMCID: PMC10786298 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306454120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial and lysosomal functions are intimately linked and are critical for cellular homeostasis, as evidenced by the fact that cellular senescence, aging, and multiple prominent diseases are associated with concomitant dysfunction of both organelles. However, it is not well understood how the two important organelles are regulated. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is the master regulator of lysosomal function and is also implicated in regulating mitochondrial function; however, the mechanism underlying the maintenance of both organelles remains to be fully elucidated. Here, by comprehensive transcriptome analysis and subsequent chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR, we identified hexokinase domain containing 1 (HKDC1), which is known to function in the glycolysis pathway as a direct TFEB target. Moreover, HKDC1 was upregulated in both mitochondrial and lysosomal stress in a TFEB-dependent manner, and its function was critical for the maintenance of both organelles under stress conditions. Mechanistically, the TFEB-HKDC1 axis was essential for PINK1 (PTEN-induced kinase 1)/Parkin-dependent mitophagy via its initial step, PINK1 stabilization. In addition, the functions of HKDC1 and voltage-dependent anion channels, with which HKDC1 interacts, were essential for the clearance of damaged lysosomes and maintaining mitochondria-lysosome contact. Interestingly, HKDC1 regulated mitophagy and lysosomal repair independently of its prospective function in glycolysis. Furthermore, loss function of HKDC1 accelerated DNA damage-induced cellular senescence with the accumulation of hyperfused mitochondria and damaged lysosomes. Our results show that HKDC1, a factor downstream of TFEB, maintains both mitochondrial and lysosomal homeostasis, which is critical to prevent cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Cui
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Yamano
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo156-8506, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo113-8510, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamamoto
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Hitomi Yamamoto-Imoto
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoshi Minami
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Sho Matsui
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kaminishi
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shima
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara634-8521, Japan
| | - Monami Ogura
- Department of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Megumi Tsuchiya
- Laboratory of Nuclear Dynamics Group, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Kohei Nishino
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima770-8503, Japan
| | - Brian T. Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL60612
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL60612
| | - Hisakazu Kato
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine/Frontier Bioscience, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidesato Ogawa
- Laboratory of Nuclear Dynamics Group, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinya Oki
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier International Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Isaka
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima770-8503, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Matsuda
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo156-8506, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo113-8510, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Department of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nakamura
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara634-8521, Japan
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24
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Cui Y, Zhai Y, Yuan Y, Wang X, Xu Q, Wu X, Xu L, Ren T, Wang Q, Sun H. Inhibition of PTEN-induced kinase 1 autophosphorylation may assist in preventing epileptogenesis induced by pentylenetetrazol. Neurochem Int 2024; 172:105644. [PMID: 38029887 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) autophosphorylation-triggered mitophagy is the main mitophagic pathway in the nervous system. Moreover, multiple studies have confirmed that mitophagy is closely related to the occurrence and development of epilepsy. Therefore, we speculated that the PINK1 autophosphorylation may be involved in epileptogenesis by mediating mitophagic pathway. This study aimed to explore the contribution of activated PINK1 to epileptogenesis induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) in Sprague‒Dawley rats. During PTZ-induced epileptogenesis, the levels of phosphorylated PINK1 were increased, accompanied by elevated mitophagy, mitochondria oxidative stress and neuronal damage. After microRNA intervention targeting translocase outer mitochondrial membrane 7 (TOM7) or overlapping with the m-AAA protease 1 homolog (OMA1), the levels of PINK1 phosphorylation, mitophagy, mitochondrial oxidative stress, neuronal injury were observed in the rats with induced epileptogenesis. Furthermore, inhibiting of the expression of TOM7, a positive regulator of PINK1 autophosphorylation, reversed the increase in PINK1 phosphorylation and alleviated mitophagy, neuronal injury, thereby preventing epileptogenesis. In contrast, reducing the levels of OMA1, a negative regulator of PINK1 autophosphorylation, led to increased phosphorylation of PINK1, accompanied by aggravated neuronal injury and ultimately, epileptogenesis. This study confirmed the contribution of activated PINK1 to PTZ-induced epileptogenesis and suggested that the inhibition of PINK1 autophosphorylation may assist in preventing epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yujie Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xiangdong Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Linlin Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Tianpu Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Qiaoyun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Hongliu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
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25
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An F, Zhang J, Gao P, Xiao Z, Chang W, Song J, Wang Y, Ma H, Zhang R, Chen Z, Yan C. New insight of the pathogenesis in osteoarthritis: the intricate interplay of ferroptosis and autophagy mediated by mitophagy/chaperone-mediated autophagy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1297024. [PMID: 38143922 PMCID: PMC10748422 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1297024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, is a form of iron-driven cell death. Mitophagy is a type of selective autophagy, where degradation of damaged mitochondria is the key mechanism for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Additionally, Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a biological process that transports individual cytoplasmic proteins to lysosomes for degradation through companion molecules such as heat shock proteins. Research has demonstrated the involvement of ferroptosis, mitophagy, and CMA in the pathological progression of Osteoarthritis (OA). Furthermore, research has indicated a significant correlation between alterations in the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS), adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and the occurrence of OA, particularly in relation to ferroptosis and mitophagy. In light of these findings, our study aims to assess the regulatory functions of ferroptosis and mitophagy/CMA in the pathogenesis of OA. Additionally, we propose a mechanism of crosstalk between ferroptosis and mitophagy, while also examining potential pharmacological interventions for targeted therapy in OA. Ultimately, our research endeavors to offer novel insights and directions for the prevention and treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu An
- Teaching Experiment Training Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peng Gao
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhipan Xiao
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weirong Chang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haizhen Ma
- Teaching Department of Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Teaching Department of Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhendong Chen
- Teaching Department of Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chunlu Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
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26
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Liu T, Wetzel L, Zhu Z, Kumaraguru P, Gorthi V, Yan Y, Bukhari MZ, Ermekbaeva A, Jeon H, Kee TR, Woo JAA, Kang DE. Disruption of Mitophagy Flux through the PARL-PINK1 Pathway by CHCHD10 Mutations or CHCHD10 Depletion. Cells 2023; 12:2781. [PMID: 38132101 PMCID: PMC10741529 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain-containing 10 (CHCHD10) is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protein which is primarily mutated in the spectrum of familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Endogenous CHCHD10 levels decline in the brains of ALS-FTD patients, and the CHCHD10S59L mutation in Drosophila induces dominant toxicity together with PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), a protein critical for the induction of mitophagy. However, whether and how CHCHD10 variants regulate mitophagy flux in the mammalian brain is unknown. Here, we demonstrate through in vivo and in vitro models, as well as human FTD brain tissue, that ALS/FTD-linked CHCHD10 mutations (R15L and S59L) impair mitophagy flux and mitochondrial Parkin recruitment, whereas wild-type CHCHD10 (CHCHD10WT) normally enhances these measures. Specifically, we show that CHCHD10R15L and CHCHD10S59L mutations reduce PINK1 levels by increasing PARL activity, whereas CHCHD10WT produces the opposite results through its stronger interaction with PARL, suppressing its activity. Importantly, we also demonstrate that FTD brains with TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) pathology demonstrate disruption of the PARL-PINK1 pathway and that experimentally impairing mitophagy promotes TDP-43 aggregation. Thus, we provide herein new insights into the regulation of mitophagy and TDP-43 aggregation in the mammalian brain through the CHCHD10-PARL-PINK1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Liam Wetzel
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Zexi Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Pavan Kumaraguru
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Viraj Gorthi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Byrd Alzheimer’s Center & Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | - Mohammed Zaheen Bukhari
- Byrd Alzheimer’s Center & Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | - Aizara Ermekbaeva
- Byrd Alzheimer’s Center & Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | - Hanna Jeon
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Teresa R. Kee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Byrd Alzheimer’s Center & Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | - Jung-A Alexa Woo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - David E. Kang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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27
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Choong CJ, Mochizuki H. Involvement of Mitochondria in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17027. [PMID: 38069350 PMCID: PMC10707101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysregulation, such as mitochondrial complex I deficiency, increased oxidative stress, perturbation of mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy, has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. Initiating from the observation that mitochondrial toxins cause PD-like symptoms and mitochondrial DNA mutations are associated with increased risk of PD, many mutated genes linked to familial forms of PD, including PRKN, PINK1, DJ-1 and SNCA, have also been found to affect the mitochondrial features. Recent research has uncovered a much more complex involvement of mitochondria in PD. Disruption of mitochondrial quality control coupled with abnormal secretion of mitochondrial contents to dispose damaged organelles may play a role in the pathogenesis of PD. Furthermore, due to its bacterial ancestry, circulating mitochondrial DNAs can function as damage-associated molecular patterns eliciting inflammatory response. In this review, we summarize and discuss the connection between mitochondrial dysfunction and PD, highlighting the molecular triggers of the disease process, the intra- and extracellular roles of mitochondria in PD as well as the therapeutic potential of mitochondrial transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan;
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28
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Kitada T, Ardah MT, Haque ME. History of Parkinson's Disease-Associated Gene, Parkin: Research over a Quarter Century in Quest of Finding the Physiological Substrate. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16734. [PMID: 38069057 PMCID: PMC10706564 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkin, the gene responsible for hereditary Parkinson's disease (PD) called "Autosomal Recessive Juvenile Parkinsonism (AR-JP)" was discovered a quarter of a century ago. Owing to its huge gene structure and unique protein functions, parkin has become a subject of interest to those involved in PD research and researchers and clinicians in various fields and is being vigorously studied worldwide in relation to its nature and disease. The gene structure was registered under the gene name "parkin" in the GenBank in 1997. In 1998, deletion and point mutations in the parkin gene were reported, thereby demonstrating parkin is the causative gene for hereditary PD. Although 25 years have passed since the gene's discovery and many researchers have worked tirelessly to elucidate the function of the Parkin protein and the mechanism of its role against neuronal cell death and pathogenesis remain unknown, which raises a major question concerning the current leading hypothesis. In this review, we present the results of related research on the parkin gene in chronological order and discuss unresolved problems concerning its function and pathology as well as new trends in the research conducted to solve them. The relationship between parkin and tumorigenesis has also been addressed from the perspective of Parkin's redox molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Kitada
- Otawa-Kagaku, Parkinson Clinic and Research, Kamakura 247-0061, Japan;
| | - Mustafa T. Ardah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - M. Emdadul Haque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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29
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Li Y, Chitturi J, Yu B, Zhang Y, Wu J, Ti P, Hung W, Zhen M, Gao S. UBR-1 ubiquitin ligase regulates the balance between GABAergic and glutamatergic signaling. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57014. [PMID: 37811674 PMCID: PMC10626437 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance is carefully maintained by the nervous system. The neurotransmitter GABA has been reported to be co-released with its sole precursor, the neurotransmitter glutamate. The genetic and circuitry mechanisms to establish the balance between GABAergic and glutamatergic signaling have not been fully elucidated. Caenorhabditis elegans DVB is an excitatory GABAergic motoneuron that drives the expulsion step in the defecation motor program. We show here that in addition to UNC-47, the vesicular GABA transporter, DVB also expresses EAT-4, a vesicular glutamate transporter. UBR-1, a conserved ubiquitin ligase, regulates DVB activity by suppressing a bidirectional inhibitory glutamate signaling. Loss of UBR-1 impairs DVB Ca2+ activity and expulsion frequency. These impairments are fully compensated by the knockdown of EAT-4 in DVB. Further, glutamate-gated chloride channels GLC-3 and GLC-2/4 receive DVB's glutamate signals to inhibit DVB and enteric muscle activity, respectively. These results implicate an intrinsic cellular mechanism that promotes the inherent asymmetric neural activity. We propose that elevated glutamate in ubr-1 mutants, being the cause of the E/I shift, potentially contributes to Johanson Blizzard syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jyothsna Chitturi
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai HospitalUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Bin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yongning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Panpan Ti
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Wesley Hung
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai HospitalUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Mei Zhen
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai HospitalUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Shangbang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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30
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Atici AE, Crother TR, Noval Rivas M. Mitochondrial quality control in health and cardiovascular diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1290046. [PMID: 38020895 PMCID: PMC10657886 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1290046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the primary causes of mortality worldwide. An optimal mitochondrial function is central to supplying tissues with high energy demand, such as the cardiovascular system. In addition to producing ATP as a power source, mitochondria are also heavily involved in adaptation to environmental stress and fine-tuning tissue functions. Mitochondrial quality control (MQC) through fission, fusion, mitophagy, and biogenesis ensures the clearance of dysfunctional mitochondria and preserves mitochondrial homeostasis in cardiovascular tissues. Furthermore, mitochondria generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which trigger the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and regulate cell survival. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in multiple CVDs, including ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), atherosclerosis, heart failure, cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension, diabetic and genetic cardiomyopathies, and Kawasaki Disease (KD). Thus, MQC is pivotal in promoting cardiovascular health. Here, we outline the mechanisms of MQC and discuss the current literature on mitochondrial adaptation in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli E. Atici
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Guerin Children’s at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Timothy R. Crother
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Guerin Children’s at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Magali Noval Rivas
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Guerin Children’s at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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31
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Ma Y, Zheng Y, Zhou Y, Weng N, Zhu Q. Mitophagy involved the biological processes of hormones. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115468. [PMID: 37703662 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria fulfill vital functions in energy production, maintaining ion balance, and facilitating material metabolism. Mitochondria are sacrificed to protect cells or induce apoptosis when the body is under stress. The regulatory pathways of mitophagy include both ubiquitin-dependent and non-dependent pathways. The involvement of mitophagy has been demonstrated in the onset and progression of numerous diseases, highlighting its significant role. Endocrine hormones are chemical substances secreted by endocrine organs or endocrine cells, which participate in the regulation of physiological functions and internal environmental homeostasis of the body. Imbalances in endocrine hormones contribute to the development of various diseases. However, the precise impact of mitophagy on the physiological and pathological processes involving endocrine hormones remains unclear. This article aims to comprehensively overview recent advancements in understanding the mechanisms through which mitophagy regulates endocrine hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Ma
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ningna Weng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350011, PR China.
| | - Qing Zhu
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
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32
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Vardar Acar N, Özgül RK. A big picture of the mitochondria-mediated signals: From mitochondria to organism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 678:45-61. [PMID: 37619311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria, well-known for years as the powerhouse and biosynthetic center of the cell, are dynamic signaling organelles beyond their energy production and biosynthesis functions. The metabolic functions of mitochondria, playing an important role in various biological events both in physiological and stress conditions, transform them into important cellular stress sensors. Mitochondria constantly communicate with the rest of the cell and even from other cells to the organism, transmitting stress signals including oxidative and reductive stress or adaptive signals such as mitohormesis. Mitochondrial signal transduction has a vital function in regulating integrity of human genome, organelles, cells, and ultimately organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neşe Vardar Acar
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Institute of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - R Köksal Özgül
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Institute of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
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33
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Xu W, Gao W, Guo Y, Xue F, Di L, Fang S, Fan L, He Y, Zhou Y, Xie X, Pang X. Targeting mitophagy for depression amelioration: a novel therapeutic strategy. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1235241. [PMID: 37869512 PMCID: PMC10587558 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1235241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is a global psychiatric condition characterized by persistent low mood and anhedonia, which seriously jeopardizes the physical and mental well-being of affected individuals. While various hypotheses have been proposed to explicate the etiology of depression, the precise pathogenesis and effective treatment of this disorder remain elusive. Mitochondria, as the primary organelles responsible for cellular energy production, possess the ability to meet the essential energy demands of the brain. Research indicated that the accumulation of damaged mitochondria is associated with the onset of depression. Mitophagy, a type of cellular autophagy, specifically targets and removes excess or damaged mitochondria. Emerging evidence demonstrated that mitophagy dysfunction was involved in the progression of depression, and several pharmacological interventions that stimulating mitophagy exerted excellent antidepressant actions. We provided an overview of updated advancements on the regulatory mechanism of mitophagy and the mitophagy abnormality in depressed patients and animals, as well as in cell models of depression. Meanwhile, various therapeutic strategies to restore mitophagy for depression alleviation were also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangjun Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Weiping Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yukun Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Feng Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lulu Di
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shaojie Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yangyang He
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Institutes of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xinmei Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaobin Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Institutes of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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34
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Uoselis L, Nguyen TN, Lazarou M. Mitochondrial degradation: Mitophagy and beyond. Mol Cell 2023; 83:3404-3420. [PMID: 37708893 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are central hubs of cellular metabolism that also play key roles in signaling and disease. It is therefore fundamentally important that mitochondrial quality and activity are tightly regulated. Mitochondrial degradation pathways contribute to quality control of mitochondrial networks and can also regulate the metabolic profile of mitochondria to ensure cellular homeostasis. Here, we cover the many and varied ways in which cells degrade or remove their unwanted mitochondria, ranging from mitophagy to mitochondrial extrusion. The molecular signals driving these varied pathways are discussed, including the cellular and physiological contexts under which the different degradation pathways are engaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Uoselis
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20185, USA
| | - Thanh Ngoc Nguyen
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20185, USA.
| | - Michael Lazarou
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20185, USA.
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35
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Eldeeb MA, Zhou W, Esmaili M, Elgohary AM, Wei H, Fahlman RP. N-degron-mediated degradation of the proteolytically activated form of PKC-theta kinase attenuates its pro-apoptotic function. Cell Signal 2023; 110:110830. [PMID: 37516395 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Cellular signalling cues lead to the initiation of apoptotic pathways and often result in the activation of caspases which in turn cause the generation of proteolytically generated protein fragments with new or altered functions. Mounting number of studies reveal that the activity of these proteolytically activated protein fragments can be counteracted via their selective degradation by the N-degron degradation pathways. Here, we investigate the proteolytically generated fragment of the PKC theta kinase, where we demonstrate the first report on the stability of this pro-apoptotic protein fragment. We have determined that the pro-apoptotic cleaved fragment of PKC-theta is unstable in cells because its N-terminal lysine targets it for proteasomal degradation via the N-degron degradation pathway and this degradation is inhibited by mutating the destabilizing N-termini, knockdown of the UBR1 and UBR2 E3 ligases. Tellingly, we demonstrate that the metabolic stabilization of the cleaved fragment of PKC-theta or inhibition of the N-degron degradation augments the apoptosis-inducing effect of staurosporine in Jurkat cells. Notably, we have unveiled that the cleaved fragment of PKC theta, per se, can induce apoptotic cell death in Jurkat T-cell leukemia. Our results expand the functional scope of mammalian N-degron degradation pathways, and support the notion that targeting N-degron degradation machinery may have promising therapeutic implications in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Eldeeb
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Mansoore Esmaili
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alaa M Elgohary
- Biophysics department, Faculty of science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Hai Wei
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Richard P Fahlman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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36
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Harrington JS, Ryter SW, Plataki M, Price DR, Choi AMK. Mitochondria in health, disease, and aging. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2349-2422. [PMID: 37021870 PMCID: PMC10393386 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00058.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are well known as organelles responsible for the maintenance of cellular bioenergetics through the production of ATP. Although oxidative phosphorylation may be their most important function, mitochondria are also integral for the synthesis of metabolic precursors, calcium regulation, the production of reactive oxygen species, immune signaling, and apoptosis. Considering the breadth of their responsibilities, mitochondria are fundamental for cellular metabolism and homeostasis. Appreciating this significance, translational medicine has begun to investigate how mitochondrial dysfunction can represent a harbinger of disease. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of mitochondrial metabolism, cellular bioenergetics, mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy, mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns, mitochondria-mediated cell death pathways, and how mitochondrial dysfunction at any of these levels is associated with disease pathogenesis. Mitochondria-dependent pathways may thereby represent an attractive therapeutic target for ameliorating human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Harrington
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | | | - Maria Plataki
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - David R Price
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
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37
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Picca A, Guerra F, Calvani R, Coelho-Júnior HJ, Landi F, Bucci C, Marzetti E. Mitochondrial-Derived Vesicles: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13835. [PMID: 37762138 PMCID: PMC10531235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial quality. However, its assessment in vivo is challenging. The endosomal-lysosomal system is a more accessible pathway through which subtypes of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which also contain mitochondrial constituents, are released for disposal. The inclusion of mitochondrial components into EVs occurs in the setting of mild mitochondrial damage and during impairment of lysosomal function. By releasing mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs), cells limit the unload of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns with proinflammatory activity. Both positive and negative effects of EVs on recipient cells have been described. Whether this is due to the production of EVs other than those containing mitochondria, such as MDVs, holding specific biological functions is currently unknown. Evidence on the existence of different MDV subtypes has been produced. However, their characterization is not always pursued, which would be relevant to exploring the dynamics of mitochondrial quality control in health and disease. Furthermore, MDV classification may be instrumental in understanding their biological roles and promoting their implementation as biomarkers in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Picca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, 70010 Casamassima, Italy;
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (E.M.)
| | - Flora Guerra
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Università del Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (E.M.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Landi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (E.M.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Cecilia Bucci
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Università del Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (E.M.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
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Reed JN, Huang J, Li Y, Ma L, Banka D, Wabitsch M, Wang T, Ding W, Björkegren JLM, Civelek M. Systems genetics analysis of human body fat distribution genes identifies Wnt signaling and mitochondrial activity in adipocytes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.06.556534. [PMID: 37732278 PMCID: PMC10508754 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.06.556534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess fat in the abdomen is a sexually dimorphic risk factor for cardio-metabolic disease. The relative storage between abdominal and lower-body subcutaneous adipose tissue depots is approximated by the waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (WHRadjBMI). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified 346 loci near 495 genes associated with WHRadjBMI. Most of these genes have unknown roles in fat distribution, but many are expressed and putatively act in adipose tissue. We aimed to identify novel sex- and depot-specific drivers of WHRadjBMI using a systems genetics approach. METHODS We used two independent cohorts of adipose tissue gene expression with 362 - 444 males and 147 - 219 females, primarily of European ancestry. We constructed sex- and depot- specific Bayesian networks to model the gene-gene interactions from 8,492 adipose tissue genes. Key driver analysis identified genes that, in silico and putatively in vitro, regulate many others, including the 495 WHRadjBMI GWAS genes. Key driver gene function was determined by perturbing their expression in human subcutaneous pre-adipocytes using lenti-virus or siRNA. RESULTS 51 - 119 key drivers in each network were replicated in both cohorts. We used single-cell expression data to select replicated key drivers expressed in adipocyte precursors and mature adipocytes, prioritized genes which have not been previously studied in adipose tissue, and used public human and mouse data to nominate 53 novel key driver genes (10 - 21 from each network) that may regulate fat distribution by altering adipocyte function. In other cell types, 23 of these genes are found in crucial adipocyte pathways: Wnt signaling or mitochondrial function. We selected seven genes whose expression is highly correlated with WHRadjBMI to further study their effects on adipogenesis/Wnt signaling (ANAPC2, PSME3, RSPO1, TYRO3) or mitochondrial function (C1QTNF3, MIGA1, PSME3, UBR1).Adipogenesis was inhibited in cells overexpressing ANAPC2 and RSPO1 compared to controls. RSPO1 results are consistent with a positive correlation between gene expression in the subcutaneous depot and WHRadjBMI, therefore lower relative storage in the subcutaneous depot. RSPO1 inhibited adipogenesis by increasing β-catenin activation and Wnt-related transcription, thus repressing PPARG and CEBPA. PSME3 overexpression led to more adipogenesis than controls. In differentiated adipocytes, MIGA1 and UBR1 downregulation led to mitochondrial dysfunction, with lower oxygen consumption than controls; MIGA1 knockdown also lowered UCP1 expression. SUMMARY ANAPC2, MIGA1, PSME3, RSPO1, and UBR1 affect adipocyte function and may drive body fat distribution.
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Suresh K, Mattern M, Goldberg MS, Butt TR. The Ubiquitin Proteasome System as a Therapeutic Area in Parkinson's Disease. Neuromolecular Med 2023; 25:313-329. [PMID: 36739586 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-023-08738-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. There are no available therapeutics that slow or halt the progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons, which underlies the primary clinical symptoms. Currently approved PD drugs can provide symptomatic relief by increasing brain dopamine content or activity; however, the alleviation is temporary, and the effectiveness diminishes with the inevitable progression of neurodegeneration. Discovery and development of disease-modifying neuroprotective therapies has been hampered by insufficient understanding of the root cause of PD-related neurodegeneration. The etiology of PD involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Although a single cause has yet to emerge, genetic, cell biological and neuropathological evidence implicates mitochondrial dysfunction and protein aggregation. Postmortem PD brains show pathognomonic Lewy body intraneuronal inclusions composed of aggregated α-synuclein, indicative of failure to degrade misfolded protein. Mutations in the genes that code for α-synuclein, as well as the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin, cause rare inherited forms of PD. While many ubiquitin ligases label proteins with ubiquitin chains to mark proteins for degradation by the proteasome, Parkin has been shown to mark dysfunctional mitochondria for degradation by mitophagy. The ubiquitin proteasome system participates in several aspects of the cell's response to mitochondrial damage, affording numerous therapeutic opportunities to augment mitophagy and potentially stop PD progression. This review examines the role and therapeutic potential of such UPS modulators, exemplified by both ubiquitinating and deubiquitinating enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Suresh
- Progenra Inc., 271A Great Valley Parkway, Malvern, PA, 19355, USA.
| | - Michael Mattern
- Progenra Inc., 271A Great Valley Parkway, Malvern, PA, 19355, USA
| | - Matthew S Goldberg
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Tauseef R Butt
- Progenra Inc., 271A Great Valley Parkway, Malvern, PA, 19355, USA
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40
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de Wet S, Theart R, Loos B. Cogs in the autophagic machine-equipped to combat dementia-prone neurodegenerative diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1225227. [PMID: 37720551 PMCID: PMC10500130 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1225227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are often characterized by hydrophobic inclusion bodies, and it may be the case that the aggregate-prone proteins that comprise these inclusion bodies are in fact the cause of neurotoxicity. Indeed, the appearance of protein aggregates leads to a proteostatic imbalance that causes various interruptions in physiological cellular processes, including lysosomal and mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as break down in calcium homeostasis. Oftentimes the approach to counteract proteotoxicity is taken to merely upregulate autophagy, measured by an increase in autophagosomes, without a deeper assessment of contributors toward effective turnover through autophagy. There are various ways in which autophagy is regulated ranging from the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) to acetylation status of proteins. Healthy mitochondria and the intracellular energetic charge they preserve are key for the acidification status of lysosomes and thus ensuring effective clearance of components through the autophagy pathway. Both mitochondria and lysosomes have been shown to bear functional protein complexes that aid in the regulation of autophagy. Indeed, it may be the case that minimizing the proteins associated with the respective neurodegenerative pathology may be of greater importance than addressing molecularly their resulting inclusion bodies. It is in this context that this review will dissect the autophagy signaling pathway, its control and the manner in which it is molecularly and functionally connected with the mitochondrial and lysosomal system, as well as provide a summary of the role of autophagy dysfunction in driving neurodegenerative disease as a means to better position the potential of rapamycin-mediated bioactivities to control autophagy favorably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sholto de Wet
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Rensu Theart
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Ben Loos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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41
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Wang S, Long H, Hou L, Feng B, Ma Z, Wu Y, Zeng Y, Cai J, Zhang DW, Zhao G. The mitophagy pathway and its implications in human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:304. [PMID: 37582956 PMCID: PMC10427715 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01503-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles with multiple functions. They participate in necrotic cell death and programmed apoptotic, and are crucial for cell metabolism and survival. Mitophagy serves as a cytoprotective mechanism to remove superfluous or dysfunctional mitochondria and maintain mitochondrial fine-tuning numbers to balance intracellular homeostasis. Growing evidences show that mitophagy, as an acute tissue stress response, plays an important role in maintaining the health of the mitochondrial network. Since the timely removal of abnormal mitochondria is essential for cell survival, cells have evolved a variety of mitophagy pathways to ensure that mitophagy can be activated in time under various environments. A better understanding of the mechanism of mitophagy in various diseases is crucial for the treatment of diseases and therapeutic target design. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of mitophagy-mediated mitochondrial elimination, how mitophagy maintains mitochondrial homeostasis at the system levels and organ, and what alterations in mitophagy are related to the development of diseases, including neurological, cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, renal disease, etc., in recent advances. Finally, we summarize the potential clinical applications and outline the conditions for mitophagy regulators to enter clinical trials. Research advances in signaling transduction of mitophagy will have an important role in developing new therapeutic strategies for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouliang Wang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Haijiao Long
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lianjie Hou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Baorong Feng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zihong Ma
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Wu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiahao Cai
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids and Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Guojun Zhao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China.
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Napolitano G, Fasciolo G, Muscari Tomajoli MT, Venditti P. Changes in the Mitochondria in the Aging Process-Can α-Tocopherol Affect Them? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12453. [PMID: 37569829 PMCID: PMC10419829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic organisms use molecular oxygen in several reactions, including those in which the oxidation of substrate molecules is coupled to oxygen reduction to produce large amounts of metabolic energy. The utilization of oxygen is associated with the production of ROS, which can damage biological macromolecules but also act as signaling molecules, regulating numerous cellular processes. Mitochondria are the cellular sites where most of the metabolic energy is produced and perform numerous physiological functions by acting as regulatory hubs of cellular metabolism. They retain the remnants of their bacterial ancestors, including an independent genome that encodes part of their protein equipment; they have an accurate quality control system; and control of cellular functions also depends on communication with the nucleus. During aging, mitochondria can undergo dysfunctions, some of which are mediated by ROS. In this review, after a description of how aging affects the mitochondrial quality and quality control system and the involvement of mitochondria in inflammation, we report information on how vitamin E, the main fat-soluble antioxidant, can protect mitochondria from age-related changes. The information in this regard is scarce and limited to some tissues and some aspects of mitochondrial alterations in aging. Improving knowledge of the effects of vitamin E on aging is essential to defining an optimal strategy for healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetana Napolitano
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Via Acton n. 38, I-80133 Naples, Italy; (G.N.); (M.T.M.T.)
| | - Gianluca Fasciolo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Napoli Federico II’, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Teresa Muscari Tomajoli
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Via Acton n. 38, I-80133 Naples, Italy; (G.N.); (M.T.M.T.)
| | - Paola Venditti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Napoli Federico II’, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy;
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Sanchez-Martinez A, Martinez A, Whitworth AJ. FBXO7/ntc and USP30 antagonistically set the ubiquitination threshold for basal mitophagy and provide a target for Pink1 phosphorylation in vivo. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002244. [PMID: 37535686 PMCID: PMC10427020 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional analyses of genes linked to heritable forms of Parkinson's disease (PD) have revealed fundamental insights into the biological processes underpinning pathogenic mechanisms. Mutations in PARK15/FBXO7 cause autosomal recessive PD and FBXO7 has been shown to regulate mitochondrial homeostasis. We investigated the extent to which FBXO7 and its Drosophila orthologue, ntc, share functional homology and explored its role in mitophagy in vivo. We show that ntc mutants partially phenocopy Pink1 and parkin mutants and ntc overexpression supresses parkin phenotypes. Furthermore, ntc can modulate basal mitophagy in a Pink1- and parkin-independent manner by promoting the ubiquitination of mitochondrial proteins, a mechanism that is opposed by the deubiquitinase USP30. This basal ubiquitination serves as the substrate for Pink1-mediated phosphorylation that triggers stress-induced mitophagy. We propose that FBXO7/ntc works in equilibrium with USP30 to provide a checkpoint for mitochondrial quality control in basal conditions in vivo and presents a new avenue for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Sanchez-Martinez
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Aitor Martinez
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander J. Whitworth
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Mehellou Y. Parkinson's Disease: Are PINK1 Activators Inching Closer to the Clinic? ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:870-874. [PMID: 37465300 PMCID: PMC10350934 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of PINK1 by small molecules has emerged as a promising strategy in treating Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent progress in this area has raised excitement around PINK1 activators as PD treatments, and herein we offer insight into these developments and their potential to deliver much needed novel PD treatments.
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45
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Aguilan JT, Pedrosa E, Dolstra H, Baykara RN, Barnes J, Zhang J, Sidoli S, Lachman HM. Proteomics and phosphoproteomics profiling in glutamatergic neurons and microglia in an iPSC model of Jansen de Vries Syndrome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.08.548192. [PMID: 37461463 PMCID: PMC10350077 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.08.548192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Background Jansen de Vries Syndrome (JdVS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) caused by gain-of-function (GOF) truncating mutations in PPM1D exons 5 or 6. PPM1D is a serine/threonine phosphatase that plays an important role in the DNA damage response (DDR) by negatively regulating TP53 (P53). JdVS-associated mutations lead to the formation of a truncated PPM1D protein that retains catalytic activity and has a GOF effect because of reduced degradation. Somatic PPM1D exons 5 and 6 truncating mutations are well-established factors in a number of cancers, due to excessive dephosphorylation and reduced function of P53 and other substrates involved in DDR. Children with JdVS have a variety of neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, and physical problems. In addition, a small fraction has acute neuropsychiatric decompensation apparently triggered by infection or severe non-infectious environmental stress factors. Methods To understand the molecular basis of JdVS, we developed an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model system. iPSCs heterozygous for the truncating variant (PPM1D+/tr), were made from a patient, and control lines engineered using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. Proteomics and phosphoprotemics analyses were carried out on iPSC-derived glutamatergic neurons and microglia from three control and three PPM1D+/tr iPSC lines. We also analyzed the effect of the TLR4 agonist, lipopolysaccharide, to understand how activation of the innate immune system in microglia could account for acute behavioral decompensation. Results One of the major findings was the downregulation of POGZ in unstimulated microglia. Since loss-of-function variants in the POGZ gene are well-known causes of autism spectrum disorder, the decrease in PPM1D+/tr microglia suggests this plays a role in the neurodevelopmental aspects of JdVS. In addition, neurons, baseline, and LPS-stimulated microglia show marked alterations in the expression of several E3 ubiquitin ligases, most notably UBR4, and regulators of innate immunity, chromatin structure, ErbB signaling, and splicing. In addition, pathway analysis points to overlap with neurodegenerative disorders. Limitations Owing to the cost and labor-intensive nature of iPSC research, the sample size was small. Conclusions Our findings provide insight into the molecular basis of JdVS and can be extrapolated to understand neuropsychiatric decompensation that occurs in subgroups of patients with ASD and other NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer T. Aguilan
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave. Bronx, NY, 10461
| | - Erika Pedrosa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave. Bronx, NY, 10461
| | - Hedwig Dolstra
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave. Bronx, NY, 10461
| | - Refia Nur Baykara
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave. Bronx, NY, 10461
| | - Jesse Barnes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave. Bronx, NY, 10461
| | - Jinghang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave. Bronx, NY, 10461
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave. Bronx, NY, 10461
| | - Herbert M. Lachman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave. Bronx, NY, 10461
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave. Bronx, NY, 10461
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave. Bronx, NY, 10461
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave. Bronx, NY, 10461
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Hawrysh PJ, Gao J, Tan S, Oh A, Nodwell J, Tompkins TA, McQuibban GA. PRKN/parkin-mediated mitophagy is induced by the probiotics Saccharomyces boulardii and Lactococcus lactis. Autophagy 2023; 19:2094-2110. [PMID: 36708254 PMCID: PMC10283409 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2172873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial impairment is a hallmark feature of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson disease, and PRKN/parkin-mediated mitophagy serves to remove unhealthy mitochondria from cells. Notably, probiotics are used to alleviate several symptoms of Parkinson disease including impaired locomotion and neurodegeneration in preclinical studies and constipation in clinical trials. There is some evidence to suggest that probiotics can modulate mitochondrial quality control pathways. In this study, we screened 49 probiotic strains and tested distinct stages of mitophagy to determine whether probiotic treatment could upregulate mitophagy in cells undergoing mitochondrial stress. We found two probiotics, Saccharomyces boulardii and Lactococcus lactis, that upregulated mitochondrial PRKN recruitment, phospho-ubiquitination, and MFN degradation in our cellular assays. Administration of these strains to Drosophila that were exposed to paraquat, a mitochondrial toxin, resulted in improved longevity and motor function. Further, we directly observed increased lysosomal degradation of dysfunctional mitochondria in the treated Drosophila brains. These effects were replicated in vitro and in vivo with supra-physiological concentrations of exogenous soluble factors that are released by probiotics in cultures grown under laboratory conditions. We identified methyl-isoquinoline-6-carboxylate as one candidate molecule, which upregulates mitochondrial PRKN recruitment, phospho-ubiquitination, MFN degradation, and lysosomal degradation of damaged mitochondria. Addition of methyl-isoquinoline-6-carboxylate to the fly food restored motor function to paraquat-treated Drosophila. These data suggest a novel mechanism that is facilitated by probiotics to stimulate mitophagy through a PRKN-dependent pathway, which could explain the potential therapeutic benefit of probiotic administration to patients with Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinghua Gao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amy Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Justin Nodwell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Ahn D, Go RE, Choi KC. Oxygen consumption rate to evaluate mitochondrial dysfunction and toxicity in cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Res 2023; 39:333-339. [PMID: 37398565 PMCID: PMC10313613 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in the types and complexity of diseases has led to significant advances in diagnostic techniques and the availability of effective therapies. Recent studies have focused on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Mitochondria are important organelles in cells that generate energy. Besides the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of cells, mitochondria are also involved in thermogenesis, control of intracellular calcium ions (Ca2+), apoptosis, regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammation. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in several diseases including cancer, diabetes, some genetic diseases, and neurogenerative and metabolic diseases. Furthermore, the cardiomyocytes of the heart are rich in mitochondria due to the large energy requirement for optimal cardiac function. One of the main causes of cardiac tissue injuries is believed to be mitochondrial dysfunction, which occurs via complicated pathways which have not yet been completely elucidated. There are various types of mitochondrial dysfunction including mitochondrial morphological change, unbalanced levels of substances to maintain mitochondria, mitochondrial damage by drugs, and mitochondrial deletion and synthesis errors. Most of mitochondrial dysfunctions are linked with symptoms and diseases, thus we focus on parts of mitochondrial dysfunction about fission and fusion in cardiomyocytes, and ways to understand the mechanism of cardiomyocyte damage by detecting oxygen consumption levels in the mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohee Ahn
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeo-Eun Go
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Republic of Korea
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48
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Xiao Q, Liu H, Yang C, Chen Y, Huang Y, Xiao X, Pan Y, He J, Du Q, Wang Q, Zhang Y. Bushen-Yizhi formula exerts neuroprotective effect via inhibiting excessive mitophagy in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 310:116326. [PMID: 36898450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bushen-Yizhi formula (BSYZ), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription widely used in treating mental retardation and neurodegenerative diseases with kidney deficiency, has been reported to attenuate oxidative stress-related neuronal apoptosis. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is considered to be related to cognitive and emotional disorders. However, it remains to be clarified that the effect of BSYZ on CCH and its underlying mechanism. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of BSYZ on CCH- injured rats based on the domination of oxidative stress balance and mitochondrial homeostasis through inhibiting abnormal excessive mitophagy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vivo rat model of CCH was established by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAo), while the in vitro PC12 cell model was exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) condition, and a mitophagy inhibitor (chloroquine) by decreasing autophagosome-lysosome fusion was used as reverse validation in vitro. The protective role of BSYZ on CCH-injured rats was measured by open field test, morris water maze test, analysis of amyloid fibrils and apoptosis, and oxidative stress kit. The expression of mitochondria-related and mitophagy-related proteins was evaluated by Western blot, immunofluorescence, JC-1 staining assay and Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos assay. The components of BSYZ extracts were identified by HPLC-MS. The molecular docking studies were used to investigate the potential interactions of characteristic compounds in BSYZ with lysosomal membrane protein 1 (LAMP1). RESULTS Our result indicated that BSYZ improved the cognition and memory abilities of the BCCAo rats by diminishing the occurrence of apoptosis and abnormal amyloid deposition accumulation, suppressing oxidative stress damage for abnormal excessive mitophagy activation in the hippocampus. Moreover, in OGD/R-damaged PC12 cells, BSYZ drug serum treatment substantially enhanced the PC12 cell viability and suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation for protecting against oxidative stress, along with the improvement of mitochondrial membrane activity and lysosomal proteins. Our studies also showed that inhibiting of autophagosome-lysosome fusion to generate autolysosomes by using chloroquine abrogated the neuroprotective effects of BSYZ on PC12 cells regarding the modulation of antioxidant defence and mitochondrial membrane activity. Furthermore, the molecular docking studies supported the direct bindings between lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) and compounds in BSYZ extract to inhibit excessive mitophagy. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that BSYZ played a neuroprotective role in rats with CCH and reduced neuronal oxidative stress via promoting the formation of autolysosomes to inhibit abnormal excessive mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Xiao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Huina Liu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yueyue Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoxia Xiao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yaru Pan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Jinyang He
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Qun Du
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
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Kraus F, Goodall EA, Smith IR, Jiang Y, Paoli JC, Adolf F, Zhang J, Paulo JA, Schulman BA, Harper JW. PARK15/FBXO7 is dispensable for PINK1/Parkin mitophagy in iNeurons and HeLa cell systems. EMBO Rep 2023:e56399. [PMID: 37334901 PMCID: PMC10398645 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein kinase PINK1 and ubiquitin ligase Parkin promote removal of damaged mitochondria via a feed-forward mechanism involving ubiquitin (Ub) phosphorylation (pUb), Parkin activation, and ubiquitylation of mitochondrial outer membrane proteins to support the recruitment of mitophagy receptors. The ubiquitin ligase substrate receptor FBXO7/PARK15 is mutated in an early-onset parkinsonian-pyramidal syndrome. Previous studies have proposed a role for FBXO7 in promoting Parkin-dependent mitophagy. Here, we systematically examine the involvement of FBXO7 in depolarization and mt UPR-dependent mitophagy in the well-established HeLa and induced-neurons cell systems. We find that FBXO7-/- cells have no demonstrable defect in: (i) kinetics of pUb accumulation, (ii) pUb puncta on mitochondria by super-resolution imaging, (iii) recruitment of Parkin and autophagy machinery to damaged mitochondria, (iv) mitophagic flux, and (v) mitochondrial clearance as quantified by global proteomics. Moreover, global proteomics of neurogenesis in the absence of FBXO7 reveals no obvious alterations in mitochondria or other organelles. These results argue against a general role for FBXO7 in Parkin-dependent mitophagy and point to the need for additional studies to define how FBXO7 mutations promote parkinsonian-pyramidal syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kraus
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Ellen A Goodall
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Ian R Smith
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yizhi Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julia C Paoli
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank Adolf
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jiuchun Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brenda A Schulman
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - J Wade Harper
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
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50
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Ban J, Zhang Q, Chang S, Qu H, Liu F. The therapeutic effect of exosomal lncRNA MSTRG.91634.7 on mitochondrial dysfunction during SiO 2-induced lung fibrosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110508. [PMID: 37339568 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Long-term silica (SiO2) exposure led to irreversible lung fibrosis, in which epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) played an essential role. A novel lncRNA MSTRG.91634.7 in the peripheral exosomes of silicosis patients was reported in our previous study, which could remold the pathological process of silicosis. However, whether its regulatory role on the development of silicosis was related to EMT process is unclear, and its mechanism remains to be further studied. In this study, up-regulating lncRNA MSTRG91634.7 restricted SiO2-activated EMT and restored mitochondrial homeostasis binding to PINK1 in vitro. Moreover, overexpressing PINK1 could inhibit SiO2-activated EMT in pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in mice. Meanwhile, PINK1 contributed to restoring the SiO2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in mice lung. Our results revealed that exosomal lncRNA MSTRG.91634.7 from macrophages could restore mitochondrial homeostasis to restrict the SiO2-activated EMT by binding to PINK1 during pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis due to SiO2 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Ban
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Shuai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Huiyan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Fangwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China; Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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