1
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Song Y, Lan Y, Li K, Qiao D, Cao Y, Xu H. Regulation of a novel DsGATA1 from Dunaliella salina on the synthesis of carotenoids under red light. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:82. [PMID: 38189955 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Dunaliella salina is a high-quality industrial effector for carotenoid production. The mechanism by which red light regulates carotenoid synthesis is still unclear. In this study, a transcription factor of DsGATA1 with a distinct structure was discovered in D. salina. The recognition motif of DsGATA1 was comparable to that of plant and fungal GATA, despite its evolutionary proximity to animal-derived GATA. The expression of DsGATA1 in D. salina was still noticeably decreased when exposed to red light. Analysis of physiological and biochemical transcriptomic data from overexpressed, interfering, and wild-type strains of DsGATA1 revealed that DsGATA1 acts as a global regulator of D. salina carotenoid synthesis. The upregulated genes in the CBP pathway by DsGATA1 were involved in its regulation of the synthesis of carotenoids. DsGATA1 also enhanced carotenoid accumulation under red light by affecting N metabolism. DsGATA1 was found to directly bind to the promoter of nitrate reductase to activate its expression, promoting D. salina nitrate uptake and accelerating biomass accumulation. DsGATA1 affected the expression of the genes encoding GOGAT, GDH, and ammonia transporter proteins. Moreover, our study revealed that the regulation of N metabolism by DsGATA1 led to the production of NO molecules that inhibited carotenoid synthesis. However, DsGATA1 significantly enhanced carotenoid synthesis by NO scavenger removal of NO. The D. salina carotenoid accumulation under red light was elevated by 46% in the presence of overexpression of DsGATA1 and NO scavenger. Nevertheless, our results indicated that DsGATA1 could be an important target for engineering carotenoid production. KEY POINTS: • DsGATA1 with a distinct structure and recognition motif was found in D. salina • DsGATA1 enhanced carotenoid production and biomass in D. salina under red light • DsGATA1 is involved in the regulation of N metabolism and carotenoid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Song
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Lan
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Li
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dairong Qiao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Cao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xu
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Mussagy CU, Farias FO, Tropea A, Santi L, Mondello L, Giuffrida D, Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Dufossé L. Ketocarotenoids adonirubin and adonixanthin: Properties, health benefits, current technologies, and emerging challenges. Food Chem 2024; 443:138610. [PMID: 38301562 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Given their multifaceted roles, carotenoids have garnered significant scientific interest, resulting in a comprehensive and intricate body of literature that occasionally presents conflicting findings concerning the proper characterization, quantification, and bioavailability of these compounds. Nevertheless, it is undeniable that the pursuit of novel carotenoids remains a crucial endeavor, as their diverse properties, functionalities and potential health benefits make them invaluable natural resources in agri-food and health promotion through the diet. In this framework, particular attention is given to ketocarotenoids, viz., astaxanthin (one of them) stands out for its possible multifunctional role as an antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial agent. It has been widely explored in the market and utilized in different applications such as nutraceuticals, food additives, among others. Adonirubin and adonixanthin can be naturally found in plants and microorganisms. Due to the increasing significance of natural-based products and the remarkable opportunity to introduce these ketocarotenoids to the market, this review aims to provide an expert overview of the pros and cons associated with adonirubin and adonixanthin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassamo U Mussagy
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota 2260000, Chile.
| | - Fabiane O Farias
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Center, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba/PR, Brazil
| | - Alessia Tropea
- Messina Institute of Technology c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Former Veterinary School, University of Messina, Viale G. Palatucci snc 98168 - Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Santi
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Messina Institute of Technology c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Former Veterinary School, University of Messina, Viale G. Palatucci snc 98168 - Messina, Italy; Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Messina Institute of technology c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Former Veterinary School, University of Messina, Viale G. Palatucci snc, 98168 - Messina, Italy
| | - Daniele Giuffrida
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | | | - Laurent Dufossé
- Chemistry and Biotechnology of Natural Products, CHEMBIOPRO, ESIROI Agroalimentaire, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, CEDEX 9, F-97744 Saint-Denis, France
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3
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Lystsova EA, Novokshonova AD, Khramtsov PV, Novikov AS, Dmitriev MV, Maslivets AN, Khramtsova EE. Reaction of Pyrrolobenzothiazines with Schiff Bases and Carbodiimides: Approach to Angular 6/5/5/5-Tetracyclic Spiroheterocycles. Molecules 2024; 29:2089. [PMID: 38731580 PMCID: PMC11085407 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
1H-Pyrrole-2,3-diones, fused at [e]-side with a heterocycle, are suitable platforms for the synthesis of various angular polycyclic alkaloid-like spiroheterocycles. Recently discovered sulfur-containing [e]-fused 1H-pyrrole-2,3-diones (aroylpyrrolobenzothiazinetriones) tend to exhibit unusual reactivity. Based on these peculiar representatives of [e]-fused 1H-pyrrole-2,3-diones, we have developed an approach to an unprecedented 6/5/5/5-tetracyclic alkaloid-like spiroheterocyclic system of benzo[d]pyrrolo[3',4':2,3]pyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazole via their reaction with Schiff bases and carbodiimides. The experimental results have been supplemented with DFT computational studies. The synthesized alkaloid-like 6/5/5/5-tetracyclic compounds have been tested for their biotechnological potential as growth stimulants in the green algae Chlorella vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Lystsova
- Department of Chemistry, Perm State University, ul. Bukireva, 15, 614990 Perm, Russia; (E.A.L.); (M.V.D.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Anastasia D. Novokshonova
- Department of Biology, Perm State University, ul. Bukireva, 15, 614990 Perm, Russia; (A.D.N.); (P.V.K.)
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, The Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Goleva, 13, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Pavel V. Khramtsov
- Department of Biology, Perm State University, ul. Bukireva, 15, 614990 Perm, Russia; (A.D.N.); (P.V.K.)
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, The Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Goleva, 13, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Alexander S. Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Research Institute of Chemistry, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maksim V. Dmitriev
- Department of Chemistry, Perm State University, ul. Bukireva, 15, 614990 Perm, Russia; (E.A.L.); (M.V.D.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Andrey N. Maslivets
- Department of Chemistry, Perm State University, ul. Bukireva, 15, 614990 Perm, Russia; (E.A.L.); (M.V.D.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Ekaterina E. Khramtsova
- Department of Chemistry, Perm State University, ul. Bukireva, 15, 614990 Perm, Russia; (E.A.L.); (M.V.D.); (A.N.M.)
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Rodriguez-Amaya DB, Esquivel P, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Comprehensive Update on Carotenoid Colorants from Plants and Microalgae: Challenges and Advances from Research Laboratories to Industry. Foods 2023; 12:4080. [PMID: 38002140 PMCID: PMC10670565 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The substitution of synthetic food dyes with natural colorants continues to be assiduously pursued. The current list of natural carotenoid colorants consists of plant-derived annatto (bixin and norbixin), paprika (capsanthin and capsorubin), saffron (crocin), tomato and gac fruit lycopene, marigold lutein, and red palm oil (α- and β-carotene), along with microalgal Dunaliella β-carotene and Haematococcus astaxanthin and fungal Blakeslea trispora β-carotene and lycopene. Potential microalgal sources are being sought, especially in relation to lutein, for which commercial plant sources are lacking. Research efforts, manifested in numerous reviews and research papers published in the last decade, have been directed to green extraction, microencapsulation/nanoencapsulation, and valorization of processing by-products. Extraction is shifting from conventional extraction with organic solvents to supercritical CO2 extraction and different types of assisted extraction. Initially intended for the stabilization of the highly degradable carotenoids, additional benefits of encapsulation have been demonstrated, especially the improvement of carotenoid solubility and bioavailability. Instead of searching for new higher plant sources, enormous effort has been directed to the utilization of by-products of the fruit and vegetable processing industry, with the application of biorefinery and circular economy concepts. Amidst enormous research activities, however, the gap between research and industrial implementation remains wide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia B. Rodriguez-Amaya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia Esquivel
- Centro Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CITA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica;
- Escuela de Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica
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5
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Wu JY, Tso R, Teo HS, Haldar S. The utility of algae as sources of high value nutritional ingredients, particularly for alternative/complementary proteins to improve human health. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1277343. [PMID: 37904788 PMCID: PMC10613476 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1277343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As the global population continues to grow, the demand for dietary protein is rapidly increasing, necessitating the exploration of sustainable and nutritious protein sources. Algae has emerged as a promising food source due to their high value ingredients such as proteins, as well as for their environmental sustainability and abundance. However, knowledge gaps surrounding dietary recommendations and food applications restrict algae's utilization as a viable protein source. This review aims to address these gaps by assessing the suitability of both microalgae and macroalgae as alternative/complementary protein sources and exploring their potential applications in food products. The first section examines the potential suitability of algae as a major food source by analyzing the composition and bioavailability of key components in algal biomass, including proteins, lipids, dietary fiber, and micronutrients. Secondly, the biological effects of algae, particularly their impact on metabolic health are investigated with an emphasis on available clinical evidence. While evidence reveals protective effects of algae on glucose and lipid homeostasis as well as anti-inflammatory properties, further research is required to understand the longer-term impact of consuming algal protein, protein isolates, and concentrates on metabolic health, including protein metabolism. The review then explores the potential of algal proteins in food applications, including ways to overcome their sensory limitations, such as their dark pigmentation, taste, and odor, in order to improve consumer acceptance. To maximize algae's potential as a valuable protein source in the food sector, future research should prioritize the production of more acceptable algal biomass and explore new advances in food sciences and technology for improved consumer acceptance. Overall, this paper supports the potential utility of algae as a sustainable and healthy ingredient source for widespread use in future food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yee Wu
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rachel Tso
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hwee Sze Teo
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sumanto Haldar
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
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6
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Zafar SU, Mehra A, Nesamma AA, Jutur PP. Innovations in algal biorefineries for production of sustainable value chain biochemicals from the photosynthetic cell factories. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Bioenergy, Biofuels, Lipids and Pigments—Research Trends in the Use of Microalgae Grown in Photobioreactors. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15155357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
This scientometric review and bibliometric analysis aimed to characterize trends in scientific research related to algae, photobioreactors and astaxanthin. Scientific articles published between 1995 and 2020 in the Web of Science and Scopus bibliographic databases were analyzed. The article presents the number of scientific articles in particular years and according to the publication type (e.g., articles, reviews and books). The most productive authors were selected in terms of the number of publications, the number of citations, the impact factor, affiliated research units and individual countries. Based on the number of keyword occurrences and a content analysis of 367 publications, seven leading areas of scientific interest (clusters) were identified: (1) techno-economic profitability of biofuels, bioenergy and pigment production in microalgae biorefineries, (2) the impact of the construction of photobioreactors and process parameters on the efficiency of microalgae cultivation, (3) strategies for increasing the amount of obtained lipids and obtaining biodiesel in Chlorella microalgae cultivation, (4) the production of astaxanthin on an industrial scale using Haematococcus microalgae, (5) the productivity of biomass and the use of alternative carbon sources in microalgae culture, (6) the effect of light and carbon dioxide conversion on biomass yield and (7) heterotrophy. Analysis revealed that topics closely related to bioenergy production and biofuels played a dominant role in scientific research. This publication indicates the directions and topics for future scientific research that should be carried out to successfully implement economically viable technology based on microalgae on an industrial scale.
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8
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Random Mutagenesis as a Promising Tool for Microalgal Strain Improvement towards Industrial Production. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20070440. [PMID: 35877733 PMCID: PMC9318807 DOI: 10.3390/md20070440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae have become a promising novel and sustainable feedstock for meeting the rising demand for food and feed. However, microalgae-based products are currently hindered by high production costs. One major reason for this is that commonly cultivated wildtype strains do not possess the robustness and productivity required for successful industrial production. Several strain improvement technologies have been developed towards creating more stress tolerant and productive strains. While classical methods of forward genetics have been extensively used to determine gene function of randomly generated mutants, reverse genetics has been explored to generate specific mutations and target phenotypes. Site-directed mutagenesis can be accomplished by employing different gene editing tools, which enable the generation of tailor-made genotypes. Nevertheless, strategies promoting the selection of randomly generated mutants avoid the introduction of foreign genetic material. In this paper, we review different microalgal strain improvement approaches and their applications, with a primary focus on random mutagenesis. Current challenges hampering strain improvement, selection, and commercialization will be discussed. The combination of these approaches with high-throughput technologies, such as fluorescence-activated cell sorting, as tools to select the most promising mutants, will also be discussed.
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9
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Kouidhi S, Mnif W, Alqarni N, Abdelwahed S, Redissi A, Ammous N, Selmi B, Gargouri A, Achour S, Cherif A, Mosbah A. Design and use of chimeric peptides in a new non-destructive ecological process applied to the extraction of all trans/9-cis β-carotene isomers from Dunaliella salina. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1928-1936. [PMID: 35702303 PMCID: PMC9179151 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, β-carotene has gained tremendous importance as a bioactive molecule due to the growing awareness of the harmful effects of synthetic products. β-carotene is a high-value natural pigment that has the highest demand in the global carotenoid market owing to its proven antioxidant properties relevant for several diseases. To date, Dunaliella salina is the most important producer of natural β-carotene and is the subject of important industrial efforts. However, the extraction of β-carotene remains challenging since all the proposed techniques present a risk of product contamination or loss of quality due to solvent residuals and low yields. The purpose of this study was to set up a green, ecological, and innovative process of extraction of the two major β-carotene isomers from the halophilic microalgae Dunaliella salina. Based on molecular modeling, docking, and drug design, we conceived and synthesized two chimeric peptides (PP2, PP3) targeting specifically the two major isomers: all-trans or 9-cis β-carotene. The experimental protocol used in this study demonstrated the ability and the efficacy of those two peptides to cross the cell membrane and bind with high affinity to β-carotene isomers and exclude them toward the extracellular medium while preserving the integrity of living cells. Interestingly, the tested peptides (PP2, PP3) exhibit significant β-carotene extraction yields 58% and 34%, respectively, from the total of the β-carotene in microalgae cells. In addition to its simplicity, this process is fast, independent of the source of the β-carotene, and selective. These results would allow us to set up a green, ecological, and very profitable process of extraction from microalgae containing high amounts of β-carotene. Our innovative approach is highly promising for the extraction of Dunaliella salina biomass on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Kouidhi
- Laboratory (BVBGR)-LR11ES31 University Manouba ISBST Biotechnopole Sidi Thabet Ariana Tunisia
| | - Wissem Mnif
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences and Arts in Balgarn University of Bisha Bisha Saudi Arabia.,Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorisation of Bio-GeoRessources Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet BiotechPole of Sidi Thabet University of Manouba Ariana Tunisia
| | - Nada Alqarni
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences and Arts in Balgarn University of Bisha Bisha Saudi Arabia
| | - Soukaina Abdelwahed
- Laboratory (BVBGR)-LR11ES31 University Manouba ISBST Biotechnopole Sidi Thabet Ariana Tunisia
| | - Alaeddine Redissi
- Laboratory (BVBGR)-LR11ES31 University Manouba ISBST Biotechnopole Sidi Thabet Ariana Tunisia
| | - Nihel Ammous
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eukaryotes Center of Biotechnology of Sfax University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia
| | - Boulbaba Selmi
- Laboratory of Bioresources Integrative Biology and Valorization Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir University of Monastir Monastir Tunisia
| | - Ali Gargouri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eukaryotes Center of Biotechnology of Sfax University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia
| | - Sami Achour
- Laboratory of Bioresources Integrative Biology and Valorization Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir University of Monastir Monastir Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- Laboratory (BVBGR)-LR11ES31 University Manouba ISBST Biotechnopole Sidi Thabet Ariana Tunisia
| | - Amor Mosbah
- Laboratory (BVBGR)-LR11ES31 University Manouba ISBST Biotechnopole Sidi Thabet Ariana Tunisia
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10
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Ahmad A, W Hassan S, Banat F. An overview of microalgae biomass as a sustainable aquaculture feed ingredient: food security and circular economy. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9521-9547. [PMID: 35387561 PMCID: PMC9161971 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2061148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustainable management of natural resources is critical to food security. The shrimp feed and fishery sector is expanding rapidly, necessitating the development of alternative sustainable components. Several factors necessitate the exploration of a new source of environmentally friendly and nutrient-rich fish feed ingredients. Microalgal biomass has the potential to support the growth of fish and shrimp aquaculture for global food security in the bio-economy. Algal biorefineries must valorize the whole crop to develop a viable microalgae-based economy. Microalgae have the potential to replace fish meal and fish oil in aquaculture and ensure sustainability standards. Microalgae biomasses provide essential amino acids, valuable triglycerides such as lipids, vitamins, and pigments, making them suitable as nutritional supplements in livestock feed formulations. Fish and microalgae have similar nutritional profiles, and digestibility is a critical aspect of the aquafeed formulation. A highly digestible feed reduces production costs, feed waste, and the risk of eutrophication. Due to low input costs, low carbon footprint, wastewater treatment benefits, and carbon credits from industrial CO2 conversion, microalgae-based fish and shrimp feeds have the potential to provide significant economic benefits. However, several challenges must be addressed before microalgal biomass and bioproducts may be used as fish feeds, including heavy metal bioaccumulation, poor algal biomass digestion, and antinutrient effects. Knowledge of biochemical composition is limited and diverse, and information on nutritional value is scattered or contradictory. This review article presents alternative approaches that could be used in aquaculture to make microalgal biomass a viable alternative to fish meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shadi W Hassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fawzi Banat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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11
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Sá M, Ferrer-Ledo N, Gao F, Bertinetto CG, Jansen J, Crespo JG, Wijffels RH, Barbosa M, Galinha CF. Perspectives of fluorescence spectroscopy for online monitoring in microalgae industry. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:1824-1838. [PMID: 35175653 PMCID: PMC9151345 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae industrial production is viewed as a solution for alternative production of nutraceuticals, cosmetics, biofertilizers, and biopolymers. Throughout the years, several technological advances have been implemented, increasing the competitiveness of microalgae industry. However, online monitoring and real-time process control of a microalgae production factory still require further development. In this mini-review, non-destructive tools for online monitoring of cellular agriculture applications are described. Still, the focus is on the use of fluorescence spectroscopy to monitor several parameters (cell concentration, pigments, and lipids) in the microalgae industry. The development presented makes it the most promising solution for monitoring up-and downstream processes, different biological parameters simultaneously, and different microalgae species. The improvements needed for industrial application of this technology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sá
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands.,Stichting imec Nederland - OnePlanet Research Center, Wageningen, 6708WH, The Netherlands
| | - Narcis Ferrer-Ledo
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands
| | - Fengzheng Gao
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo G Bertinetto
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (Analytical Chemistry), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Jansen
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (Analytical Chemistry), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - João G Crespo
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Rene H Wijffels
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, N-8049, Norway
| | - Maria Barbosa
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia F Galinha
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
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12
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Hage-Hülsmann J, Klaus O, Linke K, Troost K, Gora L, Hilgers F, Wirtz A, Santiago-Schübel B, Loeschcke A, Jaeger KE, Drepper T. Production of C20, C30 and C40 terpenes in the engineered phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus. J Biotechnol 2021; 338:20-30. [PMID: 34237394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Terpenes constitute one of the largest groups of secondary metabolites that are used, for example, as food-additives, fragrances or pharmaceuticals. Due to the formation of an intracytoplasmic membrane system and an efficient intrinsic tetraterpene pathway, the phototrophic α-proteobacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus offers favorable properties for the production of hydrophobic terpenes. However, research efforts have largely focused on sesquiterpene production. Recently, we have developed modular tools allowing to engineer the biosynthesis of terpene precursors. These tools were now applied to boost the biosynthesis of the diterpene casbene, the triterpene squalene and the tetraterpene β-carotene in R. capsulatus SB1003. Selected enzymes of the intrinsic isoprenoid pathway and the heterologous mevalonate (MVA) pathway were co-expressed together with the respective terpene synthases in various combinations. Remarkably, co-expression of genes ispA, idi and dxs enhanced the synthesis of casbene and β-carotene. In contrast, co-expression of precursor biosynthetic genes with the squalene synthase from Arabidopsis thaliana reduced squalene titers. Therefore, we further employed four alternative pro- and eukaryotic squalene synthases. Here, the synthase from Methylococcus capsulatus enabled highest product levels of 90 mg/L squalene upon co-expression with ispA. In summary, we demonstrate the applicability of R. capsulatus for the heterologous production of diverse terpene classes and provide relevant insights for further development of such platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hage-Hülsmann
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Germany.
| | - Oliver Klaus
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Karl Linke
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Katrin Troost
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Lukas Gora
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Fabienne Hilgers
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Astrid Wirtz
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Beatrix Santiago-Schübel
- Central Division of Analytical Chemistry ZEA-3: Analytik/Biospec, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Anita Loeschcke
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Germany; Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Germany; Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Thomas Drepper
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Germany; Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
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Hu L, Feng S, Liang G, Du J, Li A, Niu C. CRISPR/Cas9-induced β-carotene hydroxylase mutation in Dunaliella salina CCAP19/18. AMB Express 2021; 11:83. [PMID: 34097133 PMCID: PMC8185118 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01242-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dunaliella salina (D. salina) has been exploited as a novel expression system for the field of genetic engineering. However, owing to the low or inconsistent expression of target proteins, it has been greatly restricted to practical production of recombinant proteins. Since the accurate gene editing function of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas system, β-carotene hydroxylase gene was chosen as an example to explore D. salina application with the purpose of improving expression level of foreign genes. In this paper, based on pKSE401 backbone, three CRISPR/Cas9 binary vectors were constructed to targeting exon 1 and 3 of the β-carotene hydroxylase of D. salina CCAP19/18 (Dschyb). D. salina mutants were obtained by salt gradient transformation method, and the expression of Dschyb gene were identified through real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Moreover, carotenoids content was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography at different time points after high intensity treatment. Compared with wild type strains, the β-carotene levels of mutants showed a significant increase, nearly up to 1.4 μg/ml, and the levels of zeaxanthin decreased to various degrees in mutants. All the results provide a compelling evidence for targeted gene editing in D. salina. This study gave a first successful gene editing of D. salina which has a very important practical significance for increasing carotene yield and meeting realistic industry demand. Furthermore, it provides an approach to overcome the current obstacles of D. salina, and then gives a strong tool to facilitates the development and application of D. salina system.
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Koyande AK, Show PL, Guo R, Tang B, Ogino C, Chang JS. Bio-processing of algal bio-refinery: a review on current advances and future perspectives. Bioengineered 2019; 10:574-592. [PMID: 31668124 PMCID: PMC6844430 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2019.1679697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae biomass contains various useful bio-active components. Microalgae derived biodiesel has been researched for almost two decades. However, sole biodiesel extraction from microalgae is time-consuming and is not economically feasible due to competitive fossil fuel prices. Microalgae also contains proteins and carbohydrates in abundance. Microalgae are likewise utilized to extract high-value products such as pigments, anti-oxidants and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids which are useful in cosmetic, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industry. These compounds can be extracted simultaneously or sequentially after biodiesel extraction to reduce the total expenditure involved in the process. This approach of bio-refinery is necessary to promote microalgae in the commercial market. Researchers have been keen on utilizing the bio-refinery approach to exploit the valuable components encased by microalgae. Apart from all the beneficial components housed by microalgae, they also help in reducing the anthropogenic CO2 levels of the atmosphere while utilizing saline or wastewater. These benefits enable microalgae as a potential source for bio-refinery approach. Although life-cycle analysis and economic assessment do not favor the use of microalgae biomass feedstock to produce biofuel and co-products with the existing techniques, this review still aims to highlight the beneficial components of microalgae and their importance to humans. In addition, this article also focuses on current and future aspects of improving the feasibility of bio-processing for microalgae bio-refinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurav Krishna Koyande
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Pau-Loke Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Ruixin Guo
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bencan Tang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
| | - Chiaki Ogino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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15
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Gallego-Cartagena E, Castillo-Ramírez M, Martínez-Burgos W. Effect of stressful conditions on the carotenogenic activity of a Colombian strain of Dunaliella salina. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:1325-1330. [PMID: 31762591 PMCID: PMC6864209 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was evaluate the carotenogenic activity of Dunaliella salina isolated from the artificial salt flats of municipality of Manaure (Department of La Guajira, Colombia). Two experimental testings were designed, in triplicate, to induce the reversibility of the cell tonality depending on the culture conditions. In the first test (A), to induce the reversibility from green to red tonality in D. salina cells, these were cultured in J/1 medium at a concentration of 4.0 M NaCl, 390 µmol m-2 s-1, 0.50 mM KNO3. In the second test (B), to induce the reversibility from red to green cell tonality, the cultures were maintained in J/1 medium 1 M NaCl, 190 µmol m-2 s-1, 5.0 mM KNO3 and pH 8.2. The population growth was evaluated by cell count and the pigment content was performed by spectrophotometric techniques. It was found that in both tests the culture conditions influenced the population growth and the pigments production of D. salina. There was a significant difference between the mean values of total carotenoids in the test A with 9.67 ± 0.19 μg/ml and second test with 1.54 ± 0.08 μg/ml at a significance level of p < 0.05. It was demonstrated that the culture conditions of test A induce the production of lipophilic antioxidants, among these carotenoids. The knowledge of the stressful conditions for the production of carotenoids from D. salina isolated from artificial saline of Manaure opens a field in implementation of this biotic resource for biotechnological purposes, production of new antibiotics, nutraceuticals and/or biofuels production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euler Gallego-Cartagena
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Calle 58 #55-66, 080002 Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Margarita Castillo-Ramírez
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Calle 58 #55-66, 080002 Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Walter Martínez-Burgos
- Department Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Celador Francisco H. dos Santos 210, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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16
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Saini RK, Keum YS. Microbial platforms to produce commercially vital carotenoids at industrial scale: an updated review of critical issues. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 46:657-674. [PMID: 30415292 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-018-2104-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are a diverse group of isoprenoid pigments that play crucial roles in plants, animals, and microorganisms, including body pigmentation, bio-communication, precursors for vitamin A, and potent antioxidant activities. With their potent antioxidant activities, carotenoids are emerging as molecules of vital importance in protecting against chronic degenerative disease, such as aging, cancer, cataract, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. Due to countless functions in the cellular system, carotenoids are extensively used in dietary supplements, food colorants, aquaculture and poultry feed, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics. Moreover, the emerging demand for carotenoids in these vast areas has triggered their industrial-scale production. Currently, 80%-90% of carotenoids are produced synthetically by chemical synthesis. However, the demand for naturally produced carotenoids is increasing due to the health concern of synthetic counterparts. This article presents a review of the industrial production of carotenoids utilizing a number of diverse microbes, including microalgae, bacteria, and fungi, some of which have been genetically engineered to improve production titers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Natural Science and Agriculture, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Soo Keum
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Fu W, Gudmundsson S, Wichuk K, Palsson S, Palsson BO, Salehi-Ashtiani K, Brynjólfsson S. Sugar-stimulated CO 2 sequestration by the green microalga Chlorella vulgaris. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 654:275-283. [PMID: 30445327 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To convert waste CO2 from flue gases of power plants into value-added products, bio-mitigation technologies show promise. In this study, we cultivated a fast-growing species of green microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris, in different sizes of photobioreactors (PBRs) and developed a strategy using small doses of sugars for enhancing CO2 sequestration under light-emitting diode illumination. Glucose supplementation at low levels resulted in an increase of photoautotrophic growth-driven biomass generation as well as CO2 capture by 10% and its enhancement corresponded to an increase of supplied photon flux. The utilization of urea instead of nitrate as the sole nitrogen source increased photoautotrophic growth by 14%, but change of nitrogen source didn't compromise glucose-induced enhancement of photoautotrophic growth. The optimized biomass productivity achieved was 30.4% higher than the initial productivity of purely photoautotrophic culture. The major pigments in the obtained algal biomass were found comparable to its photoautotrophic counterpart and a high neutral lipids productivity of 516.6 mg/(L·day) was achieved after optimization. A techno-economic model was also developed, indicating that LED-based PBRs represent a feasible strategy for converting CO2 into value-added algal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Fu
- Center for Systems Biology and Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland; Division of Science and Math, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology (CGSB), New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Steinn Gudmundsson
- Center for Systems Biology and Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Kristine Wichuk
- Center for Systems Biology and Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Sirus Palsson
- Center for Systems Biology and Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Bernhard O Palsson
- Center for Systems Biology and Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0412, USA
| | - Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani
- Division of Science and Math, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology (CGSB), New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sigurður Brynjólfsson
- Center for Systems Biology and Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
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18
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Comparative assessment on the extraction of carotenoids from microalgal sources: Astaxanthin from H. pluvialis and β-carotene from D. salina. Food Chem 2019; 277:128-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Saini DK, Chakdar H, Pabbi S, Shukla P. Enhancing production of microalgal biopigments through metabolic and genetic engineering. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:391-405. [PMID: 30706720 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1533518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The versatile use of biopigments in food, feed, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and analytical industries emphasized to find different and renewable sources of biopigments. Microalgae, including cyanobacteria, are becoming a potential candidate for pigment production as these have fast-growing ability, high pigment content, highly variable and also have "Generally recognized as safe" status. These algal groups are known to produce different metabolites that include hormones, vitamins, biopolythene and biochemicals. We discuss here the potential use of microalgal biopigments in our daily life as well as in food and cosmetic industries. Pigment like carotenoids has many health benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties and also provide photo-protection against UV radiation. This review details the effect of various abiotic and biotic factors such as temperature, light, nutrition on maximizing the pigment content in the microalgal cell. This review also highlights the potential of microalgae, whether in present native or engineered strain including the many metabolic strategies which are used or can be used to produce a higher amount of these valuable biopigments. Additionally, future challenges in the context of pigment production have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Saini
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Hillol Chakdar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Pabbi
- Centre for Conservation and Utilisation of Blue Green Algae (CCUBGA) Division of Microbiology, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Rodriguez-Concepcion M, Avalos J, Bonet ML, Boronat A, Gomez-Gomez L, Hornero-Mendez D, Limon MC, Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Olmedilla-Alonso B, Palou A, Ribot J, Rodrigo MJ, Zacarias L, Zhu C. A global perspective on carotenoids: Metabolism, biotechnology, and benefits for nutrition and health. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 70:62-93. [PMID: 29679619 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 446] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are lipophilic isoprenoid compounds synthesized by all photosynthetic organisms and some non-photosynthetic prokaryotes and fungi. With some notable exceptions, animals (including humans) do not produce carotenoids de novo but take them in their diets. In photosynthetic systems carotenoids are essential for photoprotection against excess light and contribute to light harvesting, but perhaps they are best known for their properties as natural pigments in the yellow to red range. Carotenoids can be associated to fatty acids, sugars, proteins, or other compounds that can change their physical and chemical properties and influence their biological roles. Furthermore, oxidative cleavage of carotenoids produces smaller molecules such as apocarotenoids, some of which are important pigments and volatile (aroma) compounds. Enzymatic breakage of carotenoids can also produce biologically active molecules in both plants (hormones, retrograde signals) and animals (retinoids). Both carotenoids and their enzymatic cleavage products are associated with other processes positively impacting human health. Carotenoids are widely used in the industry as food ingredients, feed additives, and supplements. This review, contributed by scientists of complementary disciplines related to carotenoid research, covers recent advances and provides a perspective on future directions on the subjects of carotenoid metabolism, biotechnology, and nutritional and health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Avalos
- Department of Genetics, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - M Luisa Bonet
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Albert Boronat
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Gomez-Gomez
- Instituto Botánico, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Damaso Hornero-Mendez
- Department of Food Phytochemistry, Instituto de la Grasa (IG-CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - M Carmen Limon
- Department of Genetics, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio J Meléndez-Martínez
- Food Color & Quality Laboratory, Area of Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | | | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Joan Ribot
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria J Rodrigo
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Zacarias
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Changfu Zhu
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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21
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Ambati RR, Gogisetty D, Aswathanarayana RG, Ravi S, Bikkina PN, Bo L, Yuepeng S. Industrial potential of carotenoid pigments from microalgae: Current trends and future prospects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:1880-1902. [PMID: 29370540 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1432561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are rich source of various bioactive molecules such as carotenoids, lipids, fatty acids, hydrocarbons, proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids, etc. and in recent Years carotenoids from algae gained commercial recognition in the global market for food and cosmeceutical applications. However, the production of carotenoids from algae is not yet fully cost effective to compete with synthetic ones. In this context the present review examines the technologies/methods in relation to mass production of algae, cell harvesting for extraction of carotenoids, optimizing extraction methods etc. Research studies from different microalgal species such as Spirulina platensis, Haematococcus pluvialis, Dunaliella salina, Chlorella sps., Nannochloropsis sps., Scenedesmus sps., Chlorococcum sps., Botryococcus braunii and Diatoms in relation to carotenoid content, chemical structure, extraction and processing of carotenoids are discussed. Further these carotenoid pigments, are useful in various health applications and their use in food, feed, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries was briefly touched upon. The commercial value of algal carotenoids has also been discussed in this review. Possible recommendations for future research studies are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranga Rao Ambati
- a Food Science and Technology Programme, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College , Tangjiawan, Zhuhai , Guangdong , China.,b Estuarine Fisheries Research Institute , Doumen, Zhuhai , Guangdong , China.,c Department of Biotechnology , Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research (Deemed to be University) , Vadlamudi, Guntur , Andhra Pradesh , India
| | - Deepika Gogisetty
- d Department of Chemistry , Sri Chaitanya Junior College , Tenali, Guntur , Andhra Pradesh , India
| | | | - Sarada Ravi
- f Plant Cell Biotechnology Department , Central Food Technological Research Institute, (Constituent Laboratory of Council of Scientific & Industrial Research) , Mysore , Karnataka , India
| | | | - Lei Bo
- a Food Science and Technology Programme, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College , Tangjiawan, Zhuhai , Guangdong , China
| | - Su Yuepeng
- b Estuarine Fisheries Research Institute , Doumen, Zhuhai , Guangdong , China
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Larroude M, Celinska E, Back A, Thomas S, Nicaud JM, Ledesma-Amaro R. A synthetic biology approach to transform Yarrowia lipolytica into a competitive biotechnological producer of β-carotene. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 115:464-472. [PMID: 28986998 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The increasing market demands of β-carotene as colorant, antioxidant and vitamin precursor, requires novel biotechnological production platforms. Yarrowia lipolytica, is an industrial organism unable to naturally synthesize carotenoids but with the ability to produce high amounts of the precursor Acetyl-CoA. We first found that a lipid overproducer strain was capable of producing more β-carotene than a wild type after expressing the heterologous pathway. Thereafter, we developed a combinatorial synthetic biology approach base on Golden Gate DNA assembly to screen the optimum promoter-gene pairs for each transcriptional unit expressed. The best strain reached a production titer of 1.5 g/L and a maximum yield of 0.048 g/g of glucose in flask. β-carotene production was further increased in controlled conditions using a fed-batch fermentation. A total production of β-carotene of 6.5 g/L and 90 mg/g DCW with a concomitant production of 42.6 g/L of lipids was achieved. Such high titers suggest that engineered Y. lipolytica is a competitive producer organism of β-carotene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Larroude
- BIMLip, Biologie Intégrative du Métabolisme Lipidique Team, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Ewelina Celinska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alexandre Back
- BIMLip, Biologie Intégrative du Métabolisme Lipidique Team, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Stephan Thomas
- BIMLip, Biologie Intégrative du Métabolisme Lipidique Team, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Marc Nicaud
- BIMLip, Biologie Intégrative du Métabolisme Lipidique Team, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- BIMLip, Biologie Intégrative du Métabolisme Lipidique Team, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Chen CY, Kao AL, Tsai ZC, Shen YM, Kao PH, Ng IS, Chang JS. Expression of Synthetic Phytoene Synthase Gene to Enhance β-Carotene Production in Scenedesmus
sp. CPC2. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yen Chen
- University Center of Bioscience and Biotechnology; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Ling Kao
- Department of Biotechnology; Green Technology Research Institute; CPC Corporation; Taiwan
| | - Zheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology; Green Technology Research Institute; CPC Corporation; Taiwan
| | - Yu-Mei Shen
- University Center of Bioscience and Biotechnology; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsun Kao
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan 70101 Taiwan
| | - I-Son Ng
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan 70101 Taiwan
- Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan 70101 Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan 70101 Taiwan
- Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan 70101 Taiwan
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Fu W, Chaiboonchoe A, Khraiwesh B, Sultana M, Jaiswal A, Jijakli K, Nelson DR, Al-Hrout A, Baig B, Amin A, Salehi-Ashtiani K. Intracellular spectral recompositioning of light enhances algal photosynthetic efficiency. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1603096. [PMID: 28879232 PMCID: PMC5580877 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1603096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms, considered as one of the most diverse and largest groups of algae, can provide the means to reach a sustainable production of petrochemical substitutes and bioactive compounds. However, a prerequisite to achieving this goal is to increase the solar-to-biomass conversion efficiency of photosynthesis, which generally remains less than 5% for most photosynthetic organisms. We have developed and implemented a rapid and effective approach, herein referred to as intracellular spectral recompositioning (ISR) of light, which, through absorption of excess blue light and its intracellular emission in the green spectral band, can improve light utilization. We demonstrate that ISR can be used chemogenically, by using lipophilic fluorophores, or biogenically, through the expression of an enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Engineered P. tricornutum cells expressing eGFP achieved 28% higher efficiency in photosynthesis than the parental strain, along with an increased effective quantum yield and reduced nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) induction levels under high-light conditions. Further, pond simulator experiments demonstrated that eGFP transformants could outperform their wild-type parental strain by 50% in biomass production rate under simulated outdoor sunlight conditions. Transcriptome analysis identified up-regulation of major photosynthesis genes in the engineered strain in comparison with the wild type, along with down-regulation of NPQ genes involved in light stress response. Our findings provide a proof of concept for a strategy of developing more efficient photosynthetic cell factories to produce algae-based biofuels and bioactive products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Fu
- Laboratory of Algal, Systems, and Synthetic Biology, Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Amphun Chaiboonchoe
- Laboratory of Algal, Systems, and Synthetic Biology, Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Basel Khraiwesh
- Laboratory of Algal, Systems, and Synthetic Biology, Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Mehar Sultana
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ashish Jaiswal
- Laboratory of Algal, Systems, and Synthetic Biology, Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Kenan Jijakli
- Laboratory of Algal, Systems, and Synthetic Biology, Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - David R. Nelson
- Laboratory of Algal, Systems, and Synthetic Biology, Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ala’a Al-Hrout
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Badriya Baig
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
- Department of Zoology, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani
- Laboratory of Algal, Systems, and Synthetic Biology, Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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Serrano A, Contreras C, Ruiz-Filippi G, Borja R, Fermoso FG. Sequential adaptation of Nannochloropsis gaditana to table olive processing water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2017; 52:986-991. [PMID: 28541809 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1324711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of Nannochloropsis gaditana to grow by sequential adaptation to TOPW (Table olive processing water) at increased substrate concentrations (10-80%). Sequential adaptation allows growing Nannochloropsis gaditana up to 80% TOPW, although the maximum microalgae biomass productions were achieved for percentages of 20-40%, i.e. 0.308 ± 0.005 g VSS (Volatile Suspended Solids)/L. In all growth experiments, proteins were the majority compound in the grown microalgae biomass (0.44 ± 0.05 g/g VSS), whereas phenols were retained up to a mean concentration of 12.1 ± 1.9 mg total phenols/g VSS. The highest microalgae biomass production rate at rate of 80% TOPW took place in the first two days when most nutrients were also removed. Average removal efficiencies at this percentage of TOPW were 69.1%, 50.9%, 54.3% and 71.8% for total organic carbon, total soluble nitrogen, phosphate and total phenols, respectively. Sequential adaptation can ensure the obtaining of a sustainable microalgae culture as a treatment method for TOPW.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Contreras
- a Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.) , Sevilla , Spain
- b School of Biochemical Engineering , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso , Valparaiso , Chile
| | - Gonzalo Ruiz-Filippi
- b School of Biochemical Engineering , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso , Valparaiso , Chile
| | - Rafael Borja
- a Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.) , Sevilla , Spain
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Diprat AB, Menegol T, Boelter JF, Zmozinski A, Rodrigues Vale MG, Rodrigues E, Rech R. Chemical composition of microalgae Heterochlorella luteoviridis and Dunaliella tertiolecta with emphasis on carotenoids. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:3463-3468. [PMID: 27885677 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae have been used as food supplements owing to their high protein, polyunsaturated fatty acid and carotenoid contents. As different carotenoids have distinct properties and the carotenoid composition of microalgae has been poorly explored in the literature, this study determined the complete carotenoid composition of two microalgae species, Heterochlorella luteoviridis and Dunaliella tertiolecta, using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD/MS2 ). Additionally, the proximate composition and major minerals were evaluated. RESULTS The carotenoid composition of the two microalgae was similar, with 13 carotenoids being found in H. luteoviridis and 12 in D. tertiolecta. The major carotenoids were all-trans-lutein (1.18 mg g-1 in H. luteoviridis and 1.59 mg g-1 in D. tertiolecta), all-trans-violaxanthin (0.52 mg g-1 in H. luteoviridis and 0.45 mg g-1 in D. tertiolecta) and all-trans-β-carotene (0.50 mg g-1 in H. luteoviridis and 0.62 mg g-1 in D. tertiolecta). All-trans-lutein was the predominant carotenoid in both microalgae, representing around 40% (mass fraction) of the total carotenoids. The lutein content found in these microalgae was significantly higher (2-40 times) than that in other important food sources of lutein (e.g. parsley, carrot, red pepper and broccoli). CONCLUSION The microalgae H. luteoviridis and D. tertiolecta are excellent sources of lutein that could be commercially exploited by the food and pharmaceutical industries. Moreover, it was confirmed that both microalgae are good sources of protein, lipids and calcium. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Bacalau Diprat
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RGS, Brazil
| | - Tania Menegol
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RGS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Ferreira Boelter
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RGS, Brazil
| | - Ariane Zmozinski
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RGS, Brazil
| | | | - Eliseu Rodrigues
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RGS, Brazil
| | - Rosane Rech
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RGS, Brazil
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Ribeiro JE, Martini M, Altomonte I, Salari F, Nardoni S, Sorce C, Silva FLD, Andreucci A. Production of Chlorella protothecoides biomass, chlorophyll and carotenoids using the dairy industry by-product scotta as a substrate. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Senosy W, Kassab AY, Mohammed AA. Effects of feeding green microalgae on ovarian activity, reproductive hormones and metabolic parameters of Boer goats in arid subtropics. Theriogenology 2017; 96:16-22. [PMID: 28532834 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to improve ovarian follicle development and plasma metabolites and hormone concentrations upon supplementation of Boer goats with green microalga (Dunaliella salina; 10 g/head/day) (N = 20; MAT group) compared to control (N = 10; not receive microalgae) in subtropics. Estrus was synchronized in all animals by two intramuscular administration of 12.5 mg dinoprost 11 days a part. MAT group was supplemented with Dunaliella salina for 11 days (from the day of first injection of dinoprost till the second injection). Ovarian performance, steroids, LH, FSH and blood metabolites were assessed every three days during the estrous cycle. Numbers and sizes of ovarian follicles and corpora lutea were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in MAT group. Progesterone, estrogen, FSH and LH were higher in MAT group during estrous cycle. Blood metabolites including glucose, total cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen were significantly (P < 0.05) increased upon D. salina administration. On the other hand, supplementation of D. salina resulted in significant decrease of plasma total protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. In conclusion, supplementation with D. salina could improve ovarian follicle development and concentrations of plasma metabolites and hormones which subsequently improves reproductive performance of Boer goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Senosy
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley branch, Al Kharga City, New Valley, 51714, Egypt.
| | - A Y Kassab
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, New Valley branch, Al Kharga City, New Valley, 51714, Egypt
| | - A A Mohammed
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut City, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
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Lin X, Gao N, Liu S, Zhang S, Song S, Ji C, Dong X, Su Y, Zhao ZK, Zhu B. Characterization the carotenoid productions and profiles of threeRhodosporidiumtoruloidesmutants fromAgrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Yeast 2017; 34:335-342. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.3236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Lin
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Gao
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
| | - Sasa Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
| | - Sufang Zhang
- Division of Biotechnology; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Dalian 116023 People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
| | - Chaofan Ji
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuping Dong
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
| | - Yichen Su
- Seafood Research and Education Center; Oregon State University; Astoria Oregon 97103 USA
| | - Zongbao Kent Zhao
- Division of Biotechnology; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Dalian 116023 People's Republic of China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
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Fu W, Nelson D, Yi Z, Xu M, Khraiwesh B, Jijakli K, Chaiboonchoe A, Alzahmi A, Al-Khairy D, Brynjolfsson S, Salehi-Ashtiani K. Bioactive Compounds From Microalgae: Current Development and Prospects. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63929-5.00006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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Fu W, Chaiboonchoe A, Khraiwesh B, Nelson DR, Al-Khairy D, Mystikou A, Alzahmi A, Salehi-Ashtiani K. Algal Cell Factories: Approaches, Applications, and Potentials. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:md14120225. [PMID: 27983586 PMCID: PMC5192462 DOI: 10.3390/md14120225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advent of modern biotechnology, microorganisms from diverse lineages have been used to produce bio-based feedstocks and bioactive compounds. Many of these compounds are currently commodities of interest, in a variety of markets and their utility warrants investigation into improving their production through strain development. In this review, we address the issue of strain improvement in a group of organisms with strong potential to be productive “cell factories”: the photosynthetic microalgae. Microalgae are a diverse group of phytoplankton, involving polyphyletic lineage such as green algae and diatoms that are commonly used in the industry. The photosynthetic microalgae have been under intense investigation recently for their ability to produce commercial compounds using only light, CO2, and basic nutrients. However, their strain improvement is still a relatively recent area of work that is under development. Importantly, it is only through appropriate engineering methods that we may see the full biotechnological potential of microalgae come to fruition. Thus, in this review, we address past and present endeavors towards the aim of creating productive algal cell factories and describe possible advantageous future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Fu
- Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188 Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Amphun Chaiboonchoe
- Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188 Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Basel Khraiwesh
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology (CGSB), New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188 Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - David R Nelson
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology (CGSB), New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188 Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Dina Al-Khairy
- Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188 Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Alexandra Mystikou
- Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188 Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Amnah Alzahmi
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology (CGSB), New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188 Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani
- Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188 Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology (CGSB), New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188 Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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Carotenoids from microalgae: A review of recent developments. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:1396-1412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Lee HS, Kim ZH, Park H, Lee CG. Specific light uptake rates can enhance astaxanthin productivity in Haematococcus lacustris. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:815-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1561-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Waditee-Sirisattha R, Kageyama H, Takabe T. Halophilic microorganism resources and their applications in industrial and environmental biotechnology. AIMS Microbiol 2016. [DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2016.1.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Abstract
Carotenoids are naturally occurring red, orange and yellow pigments that are synthesized by plants and some microorganisms and fulfill many important physiological functions. This chapter describes the distribution of carotenoid in microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, microalgae, filamentous fungi and yeasts. We will also focus on their functional aspects and applications, such as their nutritional value, their benefits for human and animal health and their potential protection against free radicals. The central metabolic pathway leading to the synthesis of carotenoids is described as the three following principal steps: (i) the synthesis of isopentenyl pyrophosphate and the formation of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, (ii) the synthesis of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate and (iii) the synthesis of carotenoids per se, highlighting the differences that have been found in several carotenogenic organisms and providing an evolutionary perspective. Finally, as an example, the synthesis of the xanthophyll astaxanthin is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Alcaíno
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, 7800003, Chile.
| | - Marcelo Baeza
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, 7800003, Chile
| | - Víctor Cifuentes
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, 7800003, Chile
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Fu W, Wichuk K, Brynjólfsson S. Developing diatoms for value-added products: challenges and opportunities. N Biotechnol 2015; 32:547-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Photo-Oxidative Stress-Driven Mutagenesis and Adaptive Evolution on the Marine Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum for Enhanced Carotenoid Accumulation. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:6138-51. [PMID: 26426027 PMCID: PMC4626683 DOI: 10.3390/md13106138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine diatoms have recently gained much attention as they are expected to be a promising resource for sustainable production of bioactive compounds such as carotenoids and biofuels as a future clean energy solution. To develop photosynthetic cell factories, it is important to improve diatoms for value-added products. In this study, we utilized UVC radiation to induce mutations in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum and screened strains with enhanced accumulation of neutral lipids and carotenoids. Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) was also used in parallel to develop altered phenotypic and biological functions in P. tricornutum and it was reported for the first time that ALE was successfully applied on diatoms for the enhancement of growth performance and productivity of value-added carotenoids to date. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was utilized to study the composition of major pigments in the wild type P. tricornutum, UV mutants and ALE strains. UVC radiated strains exhibited higher accumulation of fucoxanthin as well as neutral lipids compared to their wild type counterpart. In addition to UV mutagenesis, P. tricornutum strains developed by ALE also yielded enhanced biomass production and fucoxanthin accumulation under combined red and blue light. In short, both UV mutagenesis and ALE appeared as an effective approach to developing desired phenotypes in the marine diatoms via electromagnetic radiation-induced oxidative stress.
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Rodrigo-Baños M, Garbayo I, Vílchez C, Bonete MJ, Martínez-Espinosa RM. Carotenoids from Haloarchaea and Their Potential in Biotechnology. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:5508-32. [PMID: 26308012 PMCID: PMC4584337 DOI: 10.3390/md13095508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of pigments by halophilic archaea has been analysed during the last half a century. The main reasons that sustains this research are: (i) many haloarchaeal species possess high carotenoids production availability; (ii) downstream processes related to carotenoid isolation from haloarchaea is relatively quick, easy and cheap; (iii) carotenoids production by haloarchaea can be improved by genetic modification or even by modifying several cultivation aspects such as nutrition, growth pH, temperature, etc.; (iv) carotenoids are needed to support plant and animal life and human well-being; and (v) carotenoids are compounds highly demanded by pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food markets. Several studies about carotenoid production by haloarchaea have been reported so far, most of them focused on pigments isolation or carotenoids production under different culture conditions. However, the understanding of carotenoid metabolism, regulation, and roles of carotenoid derivatives in this group of extreme microorganisms remains mostly unrevealed. The uses of those haloarchaeal pigments have also been poorly explored. This work summarises what has been described so far about carotenoids production by haloarchaea and their potential uses in biotechnology and biomedicine. In particular, new scientific evidence of improved carotenoid production by one of the better known haloarchaeon (Haloferax mediterranei) is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Rodrigo-Baños
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Division, Agrochemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, Ap. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Inés Garbayo
- Algal Biotechnology Group, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), CIDERTA and Faculty of Sciences, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
| | - Carlos Vílchez
- Algal Biotechnology Group, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), CIDERTA and Faculty of Sciences, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
| | - María José Bonete
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Division, Agrochemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, Ap. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Rosa María Martínez-Espinosa
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Division, Agrochemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, Ap. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
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Li D, Wang L, Zhao Q, Wei W, Sun Y. Improving high carbon dioxide tolerance and carbon dioxide fixation capability of Chlorella sp. by adaptive laboratory evolution. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 185:269-75. [PMID: 25776894 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
CO2 capture by microalgae is a promising method to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It is critical to construct a highly efficient way to obtain a microalgal strain tolerant to high CO2 concentrations with high CO2 fixation capability. In this study, two evolved Chlorella sp. strains, AE10 and AE20 were obtained after 31 cycles of adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) under 10% and 20% CO2, respectively. Both of them grew rapidly in 30% CO2 and the maximal biomass concentration of AE10 was 3.68±0.08g/L, which was 1.22 and 2.94 times to those of AE20 and original strain, respectively. The chlorophyll contents of AE10 and AE20 were significantly higher than those of the original one under 1-30% CO2. The influences of ALE process on biochemical compositions of Chlorella cells were also investigated. This study proved that ALE was an effective approach to improve high CO2 tolerance of Chlorella sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengjin Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Quanyu Zhao
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China; ShanghaiTech University, 319 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China; ShanghaiTech University, 319 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yuhan Sun
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China; ShanghaiTech University, 319 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
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Pacini T, Fu W, Gudmundsson S, Chiaravalle AE, Brynjolfson S, Palsson BO, Astarita G, Paglia G. Multidimensional analytical approach based on UHPLC-UV-ion mobility-MS for the screening of natural pigments. Anal Chem 2015; 87:2593-9. [PMID: 25647265 DOI: 10.1021/ac504707n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Here, we propose a novel strategy that combines a typical ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), data-independent mass spectrometry (MS(E)) workflow with traveling wave ion mobility (TWIM) and UV detection, to improve the characterization of carotenoids and chlorophylls in complex biological matrices. UV detection selectively highlighted pigments absorbing at specific wavelengths, while TWIM coupled to MS was used to maximize the peak capacity. We applied this approach for the analysis of pigments in different microalgae samples, including Chlorella vulgaris, Dunaliella salina, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Using UHPLC-UV-MS(E) information (retention time, absorbance at 450 nm, and accurate masses of precursors and product ions), we tentatively identified 26 different pigments (carotenes, chlorophylls, and xanthophylls). By adding TWIM information (collision cross sections), we further resolved 5 isobaric pigments, not resolved by UHPLC-UV-MS(E) alone. The characterization of the molecular phenotypes allowed us to differentiate the microalgae species. Our results demonstrate that a combination of TWIM and UV detection with traditional analytical approaches increases the selectivity and specificity of analysis, providing a new tool to characterize pigments in biological samples. We anticipate that such an analytical approach will be extended to other lipidomics and metabolomics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Pacini
- Center For Systems Biology, University of Iceland , Reykjavik, Iceland
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