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Battisti MA, Constantino L, Argenta DF, Reginatto FH, Pizzol FD, Caon T, Campos AM. Nanoemulsions and nanocapsules loaded with Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil for sepsis treatment. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:1239-1252. [PMID: 38227165 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01458-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis represents a complex clinical syndrome that results from a harmful host response to infection. The infections most associated with sepsis are pneumonia, intra-abdominal infection, and urinary tract infection. Tea tree oil (TTO) has shown high antibacterial activity; however, it exhibits low aqueous solubility and high volatility, which have motivated its nanoencapsulation. In this study, the performance of nanoemulsions (NE) and nanocapsules (NC) loaded with TTO was compared. These systems were prepared by spontaneous emulsification and nanoprecipitation methods, respectively. Poly-ε-caprolactone or Eudragit® RS100 were tested as polymers for NCs whereas Tween® 80 or Pluronic® F68 as surfactants in NE preparation. Pluronic® F68 and Eudragit® RS100 resulted in more homogeneous and stable nanoparticles. In accelerated stability studies at 4 and 25 °C, both colloidal suspensions (NC and NE) were kinetically stable. NCs showed to be more stable to photodegradation and less cytotoxic than NEs. After sepsis induction by the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model, both NE and NC reduced neutrophil infiltration into peritoneal lavage (PL) and kidneys. Moreover, the systems increased group thiols in the kidney and lung tissue and reduced bacterial growth in PL. Taken together, both systems showed to be effective against injury induced by sepsis; however, NCs should be prioritized due to advantages in terms of cytotoxicity and physicochemical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Alves Battisti
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacy (PGFAR), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Larissa Constantino
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacy (PGFAR), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Débora Fretes Argenta
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacy (PGFAR), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique Reginatto
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacy (PGFAR), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal Pizzol
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Thiago Caon
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacy (PGFAR), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Angela Machado Campos
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacy (PGFAR), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Pasri P, Rakngam S, Gérard N, Mermillod P, Khempaka S. Synthetic and phytogenic antioxidants improve productive performance, antioxidant activity, gene expression, and offspring quality in breeder hens subjected to heat stress. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103390. [PMID: 38194833 PMCID: PMC10792647 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a synthetic source (a combination of vitamin E, vitamin C, selenium, and L-carnitine) and phytogenic sources (a combination of clove, green tea pomace, and Vietnamese coriander) in overcoming heat stress (HS) damage in female breeder hens on production, blood chemistry, sperm survival in the oviduct, antioxidant properties, gene expression, and quality of offspring. One hundred SUT female breeder hens were housed in individual cages and divided into 4 treatment groups: T1) basal diets in the thermoneutral (TN) zone; T2) basal diets under HS; 3) basal diets with synthetic antioxidants under HS; and T4) basal diets with phytochemical antioxidants under HS. The result revealed that HS condition had a negative effect on reducing final body weight, egg weight, and 1-day-old chick weight while increasing water intake and FCR and altered blood chemicals in breeder hens compared to TN breeder hens (P < 0.05). However, either synthetic or phytogenic antioxidants resulted in increased egg production and hatchability, while decreasing the number of late stages of embryo death during the incubation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the synthetic antioxidants also improved the uniformity of chicks and reduced late-stage embryo death compared with phytogenic antioxidants (P < 0.05). HS breeder hens fed with either of the antioxidant sources exhibited higher antioxidant capacity in terms of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging (in yolk, liver, and breast meat) and FRAP radical scavenging (in yolk and liver) and lower liver malondialdehyde than HS breeder hens fed with the control diet (P < 0.05). Additionally, the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) in the liver was upregulated, whereas the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (nuclear factor-κB) and heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90) was downregulated in breeder hens that received both antioxidant sources (P < 0.05). Future investigations should focus on the potential for combinations of synthetic and phytogenic antioxidants in diets for HS breeder hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phocharapon Pasri
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Sitthipong Rakngam
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Nadine Gérard
- UMR de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, National Research Institute for Agronomy and Environment (INRAe), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Pascal Mermillod
- UMR de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, National Research Institute for Agronomy and Environment (INRAe), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Sutisa Khempaka
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
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Alem WT. Effect of herbal extracts in animal nutrition as feed additives. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24973. [PMID: 38322944 PMCID: PMC10845724 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper is reviewed with the objective to understand the effect of herbal extracts on animal performance as feed additives. The number of both external and internal factors which affects the production and productivity of animals obviously includes nutrition as a major factor. Feed additives are products used in animal nutrition to increase the quality of feed and animal-derived foods, as well as the performance and the health of animals. Plant extracts as feed additives are described as herbal-derived components added to ration to improve livestock performance and product quality. Many herbal extracts contain chemical components that have antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticoccidial and anthelmintic properties to improve ruminal microbial activity, diet palatability and stimulate digestion. Bioactive chemicals found in nature, such as flavonoids and glucosinolates isoprene derivatives, are primarily responsible for the qualities of plant extracts. Plant extracts are commonly added to feed to increase palatability, productivity and to inhibit lipid oxidation. When added to meals, herbal extracts aid to decrease rancidity, delay the generation of hazardous oxidation products, and retain nutritional quality. It is concluded that; herbal extracts are important to improve growth performance and product quality.
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Men X, Han X, Oh G, Im JH, Lim JS, Cho GH, Choi SI, Lee OH. Plant sources, extraction techniques, analytical methods, bioactivity, and bioavailability of sulforaphane: a review. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:539-556. [PMID: 38274178 PMCID: PMC10805900 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate commonly found in cruciferous vegetables. It is formed via the enzymatic hydrolysis of glucoraphanin by myrosinase. SFN exerts various biological effects, including anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory effects, and is widely used in functional foods and clinical medicine. However, the structure of SFN is unstable and easily degradable, and its production is easily affected by temperature, pH, and enzyme activity, which limit its application. Hence, several studies are investigating its physicochemical properties, stability, and biological activity to identify methods to increase its content. This article provides a comprehensive review of the plant sources, extraction and analysis techniques, in vitro and in vivo biological activities, and bioavailability of SFN. This article highlights the importance and provides a reference for the research and application of SFN in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Men
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Xionggao Han
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Oh
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Im
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - June seok Lim
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Geun hee Cho
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Il Choi
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Hwan Lee
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
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Oloruntola OD. Red chili powder dietary supplementation regularized the performance, hematobiochemical indices, oxidative status, and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine of aflatoxin B1 exposed broiler chickens. Transl Anim Sci 2024; 8:txae006. [PMID: 38313223 PMCID: PMC10836503 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of red chili powder dietary supplementation on the performance, hematobiochemical indices, oxidative status, and DNA damage in broiler chickens fed aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contaminated diets were studied. Two hundred and forty Cobb 500 breed day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed into control group (CONT), 0.5 mg/kg AFB1-exposed group (AFTB), 0.5 g/kg red chili pericarp powder supplementation alongside the 0.5 mg/kg AFB1 exposed group (RCPA), and 0.5 g/kg red chili seed powder supplementation alongside the 0.5 mg/kg AFB1 exposed group (RCSA). The red chili supplementation, in both pericarp powder and seed powder, positively influenced broiler performance by improving (P < 0.05) weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio, with a reduction in mortality rates compared to the AFTB group. Hematological indices showed that AFB1 exposure decreased (P < 0.05) the red blood cell count, packed cell volume, and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, but the red chili supplementation mitigated these reductions. Additionally, total white blood cell counts were maintained (P > 0.05) in red chili-supplemented groups compared to CONT. Red chili supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the total protein and globulin concentrations and reduced (P < 0.05) liver enzyme levels compared to the AFTB group. The oxidative enzyme levels in RCPA and RCSA were similar (P > 0.05) to CONT groups. The red chili supplementations counteracted DNA damage, as reflected by similar (P > 0.05) 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels recorded in RCPA, RCSA, and CONT groups levels. These findings suggest that 0.5 g/kg red chili supplementation has the potential to ameliorate the adverse effects of AFB1 exposure on broiler chickens, improving their performance and health.
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Oloruntola OD, Ayodele SO, Jimoh OA, Oloruntola DA, Osowe CO. Nutraceutical Effects of Justicia carnea Leaf Powder Supplementations on Performance, Blood Indices, Heat Shock Protein 70, Oxidative Deoxyribonucleic Acid Damage Biomarkers and Intestinal Microbes of Broiler Chickens, Under Tropical Condition. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2023; 78:1217-1223. [PMID: 38226372 PMCID: PMC10787926 DOI: 10.32592/ari.2023.78.4.1217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The main reason preventing broiler chickens from reaching their genetic potential and hurting their performance in the tropics is heat stress. This study aimed to ascertain how Justicia carnea leaf powder (JLP) supplementation affects broiler chickens' performance, blood indices, antioxidant status, and gut microflora in tropical environments. A completely randomized method was used to assign 240 Cobb 500 broiler chicks to the experimental diets (6 replicates per diet, 10 birds per replication). Diet 1 included no supplement (negative control), diet 2 included 200 mg/kg vitamin C (positive control), diet 3 included 2,500 mg/kg JLP, and diet 4 included 5,000 mg/kg JLP. On day 42, the body weight gain (BWG) of the birds fed on diet 4 was significantly higher than those on diet 1. The packed cell volume, red blood cell count, and hemoglobin concentration of the birds fed on diets 3 and 4 were significantly higher than those of the control (P<0.05). The serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and cholesterol were lower in birds fed on diets 3 and 4, compared to those on diet 1 (P<0.05). The serum heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were lower in birds fed on diets 3 and 4, compared to those on diet 1 (P<0.05). The lactic acid-producing bacteria (LAB) population was higher in birds fed on diets 3 and 4, compared to those on diet 1(P<0.05). However, the Coliform bacteria population was reduced in birds fed on diets 3 and 4, compared to those on diet 1. The 2,500 and 5,000 mg/kg JLP dietary supplementations enhanced BWG, improved erythrogram indices, and reduced blood AST, ALT, cholesterol, HSP 70, 8-OHdG, and caeca Coliform population but increased the caeca LAB population.
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Affiliation(s)
- O D Oloruntola
- Animal Science Department, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria
| | - S O Ayodele
- Agricultural Technology Department, the Federal Polytechnic, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - O A Jimoh
- Agricultural Technology Department, the Federal Polytechnic, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - D A Oloruntola
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Nigeria
| | - C O Osowe
- Department of Animal Production and Health, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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Horky P, Urbankova L, Bano I, Kopec T, Nevrkla P, Pribilova M, Baholet D, Chilala P, Slama P, Skalickova S. Selenium Nanoparticles as Potential Antioxidants to Improve Semen Quality in Boars. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2460. [PMID: 37570269 PMCID: PMC10417132 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential compound which can influence the fertility of boars by a greater margin. In past decades, research was mainly focused on a bioavailability of various selenium forms and the effect on semen quality. Recently, nanotechnology has expanded the possibilities of selenium supplementation research. Twenty-one Duroc boars (three groups with seven boars each) were included in this experiment with the first group being a control group with no selenium supplementation, and the second group being supplemented with 0.3 mg Se/kg of selenium in inorganic form of Na2SeO3. The third group was supplemented with selenium nanoparticles (100 nm) at the same dose as that of the second group. The experiment lasted for 126 days (three spermatogenesis cycles of boars) and the antioxidant parameters of boar semen were analysed at 42, 84 and 126 days, respectively. The antioxidant parameters (DPPH, FRAP, DMPD, GSH, GSSG) were not influenced by both Se2NO3 and selenium nanoparticle supplementation during this experiment. At the end of the monitored period, significantly higher (p < 0.004) antioxidant readings were observed by using the ABTS method but not the DPPH, DMPD and FRAP methods on the supplemented groups compared to the control. Moreover, selenium-nanoparticle-supplemented groups showed elevated glutathione peroxidase activity in the seminal fluid (p < 0.008). However, the selenium nanoparticle supplementation has not shown an improving effect on sperm quality. This could be considered as a safe alternative to inorganic selenium as well as having a potential to enhance the antioxidant properties of the semen of boars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Horky
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Lenka Urbankova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Iqra Bano
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Bio-Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand, Nawabshah 67210, Pakistan;
| | - Tomas Kopec
- Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.K.); (P.N.)
| | - Pavel Nevrkla
- Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.K.); (P.N.)
| | - Magdalena Pribilova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Daria Baholet
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Pompido Chilala
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Petr Slama
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Sylvie Skalickova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
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8
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El-Fadaly AA, Younis IY, Abdelhameed MF, Ahmed YH, Ragab TIM, El Gendy AENG, Farag MA, Elshamy AI, Elgamal AM. Protective Action Mechanisms of Launaea mucronata Extract and Its Nano-Formulation against Nephrotoxicity in Rats as Revealed via Biochemical, Histopathological, and UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS Analyses. Metabolites 2023; 13:786. [PMID: 37512493 PMCID: PMC10384424 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants belonging to the Launaea genus have been extensively utilized ethnopharmacologically to treat a variety of diseases, including kidney disorders. Chromium is a common industrial pollutant that has been linked to kidney disease. The present work was designed for the investigation of the UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS metabolite profile of the L. mucronate ethanolic extract (LME), along with assessing the mechanistic protective actions of LME and its nano-silver formulation (LMNS) against K2Cr2O7-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. LMNE was successfully biosynthesized and confirmed using UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nephroprotective effects of LME and LMNE was assessed in rats exposed to potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7, 15 mg/kg BW) to cause nephrotoxicity. LME and LMNS, separately, were administered twice daily for 14 days at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg BW, respectively. The kidney function, catalase, UGT, Nrf2, PGE2, Cox-2, ERK, and MAPK levels in renal tissue were all assessed, along with histopathological examinations for exploring their ameliorative effects. Forty-five bioactive metabolites were annotated belonging to flavonoids, phenolic and organic acids, coumarins, and fatty acids. Metabolite profiling revealed that chlorogenic acid, apigenin, and luteolin glycosides were the main phenolics, with chlorogenic acid-O-hexoside reported for the first time in LME. The findings revealed that the serum kidney function indicators (urea and creatinine) were markedly elevated in K2Cr2O7-intoxicated rats. Furthermore, inflammatory indicators (COX-2 and PGE2), MAPK, and ERK were all markedly elevated in kidney tissue, whereas catalase, UGT, and Nrf2 levels were downregulated. Histological and immunohistochemical assays confirmed the toxic effects of K2Cr2O7 in the kidneys. In contrast, the administration of LME and LMNS prior to K2Cr2O7 considerably improved the architecture of the renal tissue, while also restoring levels of most biochemical markers. Functioning via the inhibition of the MAPK/ERK pathway, activating Nrf2, and modifying the antioxidant and metabolic enzymes, LME and LMNS exerted their nephroprotective effects against K2Cr2O7-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany A El-Fadaly
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Inas Y Younis
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Abdelhameed
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Yasmine H Ahmed
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Tamer I M Ragab
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Nasser G El Gendy
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Abdelsamed I Elshamy
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Abdelbaset M Elgamal
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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de Souza DF, da Silva MDCS, de Souza TC, Rocha GC, Kasuya MCM, Eller MR. Effect of Selenium-Enriched Substrate on the Chemical Composition, Mineral Bioavailability, and Yield of Edible Mushrooms. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:3077-3087. [PMID: 35997887 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03396-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mushrooms absorb minerals from substrates in which they are cultivated, so they could be used as vehicles of minerals that are deficient in human or animal diets, such as selenium. Selenium deficiency aggravates cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and intestinal cancer. This work presents the latest discoveries related to the production of edible mushrooms in selenium-enriched substrates and discusses their use as an alternative to supply the deficiency of this mineral in human and animal diets. Selenized mushrooms and their derived extracts present bioaccessible and bioavailable forms of selenium, as antioxidant and antitumor activity, as demonstrated in various in vitro and in vivo experiments. Consequently, the consumption of these mushrooms reduces the levels of blood cholesterol and glucose. On the other hand, growing mushrooms in selenium-enriched substrates may alter the yield and their chemical composition, and this lack of standardization is still an obstacle to the scale up of the production process. On the other hand, the use of agro-industrial by-products as substrates can enable the cultivation of enriched edible mushrooms and their commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diene France de Souza
- Department of Food Technology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Tainara Camila de Souza
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Cipriano Rocha
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Monique Renon Eller
- Department of Food Technology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
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Orsavová J, Juríková T, Bednaříková R, Mlček J. Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content, Individual Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Sweet Rowanberry Cultivars. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040913. [PMID: 37107288 PMCID: PMC10135960 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweet rowanberry and its cultivars represent a less-known fruit species with significant antioxidant activity, mostly promoted by polyphenolic compounds. This paper examined seven Sorbus cultivars and evaluated their total polyphenolic and flavonoid content, as well as the content of individual polyphenolic compounds from the group of phenolic acids and flavonoids. It also determined their antioxidant activity using DPPH, ACW and ACL. Furthermore, to reflect the distribution of the contribution to antioxidant activity, correlations between antioxidant activity and the contents of ascorbic acid, vitamin E and individual phenolic compounds were established. The highest total phenolic content of 8307.4 mg kg-1 was determined in 'Granatina', with the main contribution of phenolic acid content of 7001.7 mg kg-1 and a significantly lower total flavonoid content of 1304.6 mg kg-1. Flavanols represented the most abundant group of flavonoids, with catechin being the second most frequent flavanol with the highest content of 633.67 mg kg-1 in 'Granatina'. Flavonols were represented by rutin and quercetin. 'Businka' displayed a significant vitamin E content of 4.77 mg kg-1, and 'Alaja Krupnaja' had the highest vitamin C level of 7.89 g kg-1. These results emphasize their potential health and nutritional benefits and, thus, their promising and valuable role in the food processing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Orsavová
- Language Centre, Faculty of Humanities, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Štefánikova 5670, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Tunde Juríková
- Institute for Teacher Training, Faculty of Central European Studies, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Růžena Bednaříková
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Mlček
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic
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Li Y, Zhou P, Shen X, Zhao K. Molybdenum fertilizer improved antioxidant capacity of Chinese Merino sheep under compound contamination. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1717-1725. [PMID: 35507136 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03266-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the response of different levels of molybdenum (Mo) fertilizer to Chinese Merino sheep (Junken Type) grazing on natural heavy metal-contaminated meadows, this study was carried out in the Bayanbulak Grassland lying in the northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. A total of 24-hm2 polluted meadows were fenced and were randomly divided into four groups (3 replication/group and 2 hm2/replication) applied 0-kg Mo, 1-kg Mo, 2-kg Mo, and 3-kg Mo (ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate) per hectare for the CON group, group I, group II, and group III, respectively. Seventy-two healthy 1-year-old Chinese Merino sheep (45.56 ± 2.35 kg) were randomly assigned to the tested pastures for 90 days. Compared with the CON group, the Mo content from fertilized groups and the Se content from group II and group III in serums and livers were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the Cu content from fertilized groups in serums and livers was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The levels of blood Hb and RBC, and the activities of serum SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and Cp in group III, were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those in the CON group, group I, and group II. Serum MDA content in group III was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that in the other three groups. In summary, Mo fertilization improved the antioxidant capacity of grazing sheep and also reduced the toxic damage to Chinese Merino sheep grazing on natural grasslands contaminated by heavy metals, but Mo poisoning caused by excessive fertilization should be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, China.
| | - Kui Zhao
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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Xing L, Zhang M, Liu L, Hu X, Liu J, Zhou X, Chai Z, Yin H. Multiomics provides insights into the succession of microbiota and metabolite during plant leaf fermentation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 221:115304. [PMID: 36649845 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The quality of fermented plant products is closely related to microbial metabolism. Here, the associations of bacterial communities, metabolites, and functional genes were explored using multi-omics techniques based on plant leaf fermentation systems. The results showed significant changes in the structure of the microbial community, with a significant decrease in Firmicutes and a significant increase in Proteobacteria. In addition, the concentration of metabolites with antibacterial, antioxidant and aroma properties increased significantly, enhancing the quality of the fermented plant leaves. Integrated macrogenomic and metabolomic analyses indicated that amino acid metabolism could be key metabolic pathway affecting fermentation quality. Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes were actively involved in tyrosine metabolism (ko00350) and phenylalanine metabolism (ko00360), and are presumed to be the major groups responsible for synthesizing growth and flavor compounds. This study emphasized the important role of microorganisms in the changes of metabolites during the fermentation of plant leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xing
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Xi Hu
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Jie Liu
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Xiangping Zhou
- Yongzhou Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Yongzhou, 425000, China
| | - Zhishun Chai
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Huaqun Yin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China.
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Samrot AV, Noel Richard Prakash LX. Nanoparticles Induced Oxidative Damage in Reproductive System and Role of Antioxidants on the Induced Toxicity. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030767. [PMID: 36983922 PMCID: PMC10059981 DOI: 10.3390/life13030767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is used in a variety of scientific, medical, and research domains. It is significant to mention that there are negative and severe repercussions of nanotechnology on both individuals and the environment. The toxic effect of nanoparticles exerted on living beings is termed as nanotoxicity. Nanoparticles are synthesized by various methods such as chemical, biological, physical, etc. These nanoparticles’ nanotoxicity has been observed to vary depending on the synthesis process, precursors, size of the particles, etc. Nanoparticles can enter the cell in different ways and can cause cytotoxic effects. In this review, the toxicity caused in the reproductive system and the role of the antioxidants against the nanotoxicity are briefly explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony V. Samrot
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jalan SP2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - Lawrence Xavier Noel Richard Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India;
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El-Sayed A, Aleya L, Kamel M. Epigenetics and the role of nutraceuticals in health and disease. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:28480-28505. [PMID: 36694069 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25236-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the post-genomic era, the data provided by complete genome sequencing could not answer several fundamental questions about the causes of many noninfectious diseases, diagnostic biomarkers, and novel therapeutic approaches. The rapidly expanding understanding of epigenetic mechanisms, as well as widespread acceptance of their hypothesized role in disease induction, facilitated the development of a number of novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic concepts. Epigenetic aberrations are reversible in nature, which enables the treatment of serious incurable diseases. Therefore, the interest in epigenetic modulatory effects has increased over the last decade, so about 60,000 publications discussing the expression of epigenetics could be detected in the PubMed database. Out of these, 58,442 were published alone in the last 10 years, including 17,672 reviews (69 historical articles), 314 clinical trials, 202 case reports, 197 meta-analyses, 156 letters to the editor, 108 randomized controlled trials, 87 observation studies, 40 book chapters, 22 published lectures, and 2 clinical trial protocols. The remaining publications are either miscellaneous or a mixture of the previously mentioned items. According to the species and gender, the publications included 44,589 human studies (17,106 females, 14,509 males, and the gender is not mentioned in the remaining papers) and 30,253 animal studies. In the present work, the role of epigenetic modulations in health and disease and the influencing factors in epigenetics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr El-Sayed
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
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Gahtori R, Tripathi AH, Kumari A, Negi N, Paliwal A, Tripathi P, Joshi P, Rai RC, Upadhyay SK. Anticancer plant-derivatives: deciphering their oncopreventive and therapeutic potential in molecular terms. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-023-00465-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Over the years, phytomedicines have been widely used as natural modalities for the treatment and prevention of various diseases by different ethnic groups across the globe. Although, 25% of drugs in the USA contain at least one plant-derived therapeutic compound, currently there is a paucity of plant-derived active medicinal ingredients in the pharmaceutical industry. Scientific evidence-based translation of plant-derived ethnomedicines for their clinical application is an urgent need. The anticancer and associated properties (antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inhibition) of various plant extracts and phytochemicals have been elucidated earlier. Several of the plant derivatives are already in use under prophylactic/therapeutic settings against cancer and many are being investigated under different phases of clinical trials.
Main body
The purpose of this study is to systematically comprehend the progress made in the area of prophylactic and therapeutic potential of the anticancerous plant derivatives. Besides, we aim to understand their anticancer potential in terms of specific sub-phenomena, such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic and inhibition of EMT, with an insight of the molecules/pathways associated with them. The study also provides details of classes of anticancer compounds, their plant source(s) and the molecular pathway(s) targeted by them. In addition to the antioxidative and antiproliferative potentials of anticancer plant derivatives, this study emphasizes on their EMT-inhibition potential and other ‘anticancer related’ properties. The EMT is highlighted as a phenomenon of choice for targeting cancer due to its role in the induction of metastasis and drug resistance. Different phytochemicals in pre-clinical or clinical trials, with promising chemopreventive/anticancer activities have been enlisted and the plant compounds showing synergistic anticancer activity in combination with the existing drugs have been discussed. The review also unravels the need of carrying out pan-signalome studies for identifying the cardinal pathways modulated by phytomedicine(s), as in many cases, the molecular pathway(s) has/have been randomly studied.
Conclusion
This review systematically compiles the studies regarding the impact of various plant derivatives in different cancers and oncogenic processes, as tested in diverse experimental model systems. Availability of more comprehensive information on anticancer phyto-constituents, their relative abundance in crude drugs, pathways/molecules targeted by phytomedicines, their long-term toxicity data and information regarding their safe use under the combinatorial settings, would open greater avenues of their utilization in future against this dreaded disease.
Graphical Abstract
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Yang H, Yu C, Yin Z, Guan P, Jin S, Wang Y, Feng X. Curcumin: a potential exogenous additive for the prevention of LPS-induced duck ileitis by the alleviation of inflammation and oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:1550-1560. [PMID: 36208473 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are the main pathogenic substances in Gram-negative bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effects of dietary curcumin (CUR) on LPS toxicity in the duck ileum. The duck diet was supplemented with CUR (0.5 g kg-1 ) for 28 days, while the birds were injected with LPS (0.5 mg kg-1 body weight per injection, administered as seven injections in the last week of the experimental period). RESULTS LPS significantly decreased the ileal villus-to-crypt ratio in the non-supplemented CUR group. Dietary CUR alleviated LPS-induced morphological damage to the ileum. Moreover, dietary CUR alleviated oxidative stress by increasing the levels of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) (P < 0.05) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) (P < 0.05) and decreasing the production of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05) in control ducks and LPS-challenged ducks. Dietary CUR significantly inhibited the LPS-induced massive production of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) (P < 0.05). CUR induced the inhibition of TLR4 and activation of Nrf2 to reduce the expression of inflammation-related genes (TLR4, NF-κB, IKK, TXNIP, NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). Moreover, dietary CUR ameliorated the decrease in claudin-1 and occludin expression (P < 0.05) and improved ZO-1 expression in the duck ileum (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, dietary CUR has beneficial effects on LPS-induced ileal damage, oxidative damage, and inflammatory response by inhibiting the TLR/NF-κB and activating the Nrf2 signaling pathways in ducks. This study provides valuable information regarding the therapeutic uses of CUR in duck ileitis. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunting Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zesheng Yin
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Peiyue Guan
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Sanjun Jin
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xingjun Feng
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Dietary Corn Silk ( Stigma maydis) Extract Supplementation Modulate Production Performance, Immune Response and Redox Balance in Corticosterone-Induced Oxidative Stress Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030441. [PMID: 36766330 PMCID: PMC9913160 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppression is a serious consequence of oxidative stress exposure that negatively affects the productivity and profitability of birds, as well as their well-being. Thus, the present investigation was designed to evaluate the potential of corn silk extract (CSE) supplementation to overcome the negative impacts of oxidative stress induced by corticosterone administration (CORT) in broiler chickens. A total of 280 one day old Cobb 500 male chicks were divided into four groups in 2 × 2 factorial arrangements. The experimental groups included CSE supplementation (0 or 500 mg/kg diet, from 20 to 35 days of age) and CORT administration (0 or 25 mg/kg diet, from 22 to 35 days of age) as independent factors. At the end of week five of age, production performance parameters were measured. The humoral and cell-mediated immune response parameters, redox status, and stress markers were determined. Data revealed deleterious effects of CORT administration on the broilers' body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. Moreover, an exponential increase in stress marker levels, in addition to immunosuppression and redox imbalance, were associated with CORT administration. However, CSE supplementation, with its high total phenols content, partially alleviated the negative impacts of CORT administration, as shown by a significant improvement in immune response parameters and antioxidant activity, as well as a reduction in stress marker levels. Furthermore, CSE supplementation to non-stressed birds even significantly improved total antioxidant activity, total white blood cells (TWBCs) count, T-lymphocyte stimulating index, and wattle thickness. It can be concluded that, under stress conditions in commercial broiler farms, dietary CSE supplementation can strongly be recommended to modulate the negative impacts of stress. Therefore, CSE can be used as an effective immunomodulator and antioxidant agent to increase commercial broiler farm productivity and profitability.
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Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidative Phytogenic Substances against Secret Killers in Poultry: Current Status and Prospects. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10010055. [PMID: 36669057 PMCID: PMC9866488 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is recognized as a secret killer in poultry. It is associated with systemic inflammation due to cytokine release, dysbiosis, and the so-called leaky gut syndrome, which mainly results from oxidative stress reactions that damage the barrier function of the cells lining the gut wall. Poultry, especially the genetically selected broiler breeds, frequently suffer from these chronic stress symptoms when exposed to multiple stressors in their growing environments. Since oxidative stress reactions and inflammatory damages are multi-stage and long-term processes, overshooting immune reactions and their down-stream effects also negatively affect the animal's microbiota, and finally impair its performance and commercial value. Means to counteract oxidative stress in poultry and other animals are, therefore, highly welcome. Many phytogenic substances, including flavonoids and phenolic compounds, are known to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this review, firstly, the main stressors in poultry, such as heat stress, mycotoxins, dysbiosis and diets that contain oxidized lipids that trigger oxidative stress and inflammation, are discussed, along with the key transcription factors involved in the related signal transduction pathways. Secondly, the most promising phytogenic substances and their current applications to ameliorate oxidative stress and inflammation in poultry are highlighted.
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Phytogenic Effects on Layer Production Performance and Cytoprotective Response in the Duodenum. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020294. [PMID: 36670835 PMCID: PMC9854707 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a phytogenic premix (PP) on the production performance and critical genes relevant to the detoxification (i.e., aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway) and antioxidant (i.e., nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway) response in the duodenum of laying hens. The PP was based on bioactive substances derived from ginger, lemon balm, oregano, and thyme (Anco FIT-Poultry). A total of 385 20 week old Hy-Line Brown layers were assigned to five dietary treatments with seven replicates of 11 hens each for a 12-week feeding trial. The experimental treatments included a corn−soybean meal basal diet with no PP (CON) or supplemented with PP at 500 (P500), 750 (P750), 1000 (P1000), and 1500 mg/kg diet (P1500). The overall (1−12 weeks) laying rate (p < 0.001) and egg mass (p = 0.008) were significantly increased in the P1000 group compared with the CON. At the duodenum, increasing dietary PP inclusion levels beneficially affected (p ≤ 0.05) the expression of the majority of the AhR and Nrf2 pathway genes studied. In conclusion, according to the gene expression analysis, PP inclusion resulted in a reduced requirement for detoxification and an increased antioxidant capacity, with most of the effects seen at the PP inclusion range of 750 to 1000 mg/kg diet.
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Impact of Dietary Supplementation of Spice Extracts on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Antioxidant Response in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020250. [PMID: 36670790 PMCID: PMC9854518 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementing broiler chicken diets with an encapsulated product based on capsicum and other spice (black pepper and ginger) extracts on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, digestive enzyme activity and antioxidant response. To this end, 480 1-day-old male chicks were randomly assigned to two experimental treatments (12 pens/treatment; 20 birds/pen). Dietary treatments included a basal diet with no additives (CONTROL) and a basal diet supplemented with 250 ppm of the spice additive (SPICY; Lucta S.A., Spain). Supplementation of SPICY increased body weight (p < 0.05) compared with CONTROL at 7 d of age and improved (p < 0.01) ADG from 0 to 7 d of age. The apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter, gross energy and crude protein was higher (p < 0.05) in birds fed the SPICY diet compared with the CONTROL diet. Birds fed SPICY showed lower (p < 0.05) plasma catalase (CAT) activity, and the hepatic gene expression of CAT and Nrf2 was down-regulated (p < 0.05) compared with the CONTROL. In conclusion, the inclusion of 250 ppm of SPICY in broiler diets improved growth performance at 7 d of age and positively affected nutrient digestibility and antioxidant response.
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Antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal activities and gas chromatographic fingerprint of fractions from the root bark of Afzelia africana. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 13:60-76. [PMID: 36721842 PMCID: PMC9884338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Afzelia africana is a tropical plant with numerous ethno-medicinal benefits. The plant has been used for the treatment of pain, hernia, fever, malaria, inflammation and microbial infections. OBJECTIVES To perform bioassay-guided fractionation, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the bark of Afzelia africana. METHODS Column chromatography fractionation, antioxidant activity (% (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity))), antimicrobial activity (microbroth dilution: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), MBC/MIC ratio), and synergistic activities (Checkerboard assay: Fraction Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI)). RESULTS Bioassay-guided fractionation of A. africana produced four fractions that displayed promising free radical scavenging activities in the ABTS (54-93)% and the DPPH (35-76)% assays in the ranking order of F1(93-54)>F4(81-58)>F2(74-58)>F3(72-55) and F3(77-42)>F1(64-46)>F4(55-44)>F2(47-35) respectively at a concentration range of 1.0-0.01 mg/mL. The fraction F1 (MBC: 2.5-5.0 mg/mL) and F4 (MBC: 1.25-10.0 mg/mL) exhibited broad spectrum of superior bactericidal effects than F2 (MBC≥100.0 mg/mL) and F3 (MBC: 12.5-100.0 mg/mL) against Staphylococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans (standard strain). The two most active fractions (F1 and F4) reported synergistic effects (FICI≤0.5) against S. typhi whilst the F4 reported additional synergism against E. coli, K. pneumonia, and S. typhi when combined with ciprofloxacin. Furthermore, the two fractions reported synergistic effects against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa when combined with tetracycline whilst F1 reported antifungal synergism against fluconazole resistant Candida albicans when combined with fluconazole and ketoconazole. CONCLUSION The study has confirmed the antioxidant, antimicrobial and synergistic uses of A. africana for the treatment of both infectious and non-infectious disease.
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Untea AE, Turcu RP, Saracila M, Vlaicu PA, Panaite TD, Oancea AG. Broiler meat fatty acids composition, lipid metabolism, and oxidative stability parameters as affected by cranberry leaves and walnut meal supplemented diets. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21618. [PMID: 36517513 PMCID: PMC9750998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25866-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A randomized complete block with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement was used to design a nutrition experiment conducted for the evaluation of the relation between walnut meal (WM-6% inclusion rate) and cranberry leaves (CL-1% and 2% inclusion rate) supplements and their effects on tissue lipid profile, lipid metabolism indices and oxidative stability of meat. Semi-intensive system conditions were simulated for 240 Ross 308 broilers and the animals were reared on permanent shave litter in boxes of 3 m2 (40 broilers / each group, housed in a single box). The current study results showed that the diets enriched in linolenic acid (LNA) (WM diets) led to broilers meat enriched in LNA, but the synthesis of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) was stimulated when the diets were supplemented with a natural antioxidants source (CL diets). The CL diet also exhibited the most powerful effect in counteracting the oxidative processes of meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arabela Elena Untea
- Feed and Food Quality Department, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Calea Bucharest, No. 1, 077015, Balotesti, Ilfov, Romania.
| | - Raluca Paula Turcu
- Feed and Food Quality Department, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Calea Bucharest, No. 1, 077015, Balotesti, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Mihaela Saracila
- Feed and Food Quality Department, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Calea Bucharest, No. 1, 077015, Balotesti, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Petru Alexandru Vlaicu
- Feed and Food Quality Department, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Calea Bucharest, No. 1, 077015, Balotesti, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Tatiana Dumitra Panaite
- Nutrition Physiology Department, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Calea Bucharest, No. 1, 077015, Balotesti, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Alexandra Gabriela Oancea
- Feed and Food Quality Department, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Calea Bucharest, No. 1, 077015, Balotesti, Ilfov, Romania
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Attanzio A, Restivo I, Tutone M, Tesoriere L, Allegra M, Livrea MA. Redox Properties, Bioactivity and Health Effects of Indicaxanthin, a Bioavailable Phytochemical from Opuntia ficus indica, L.: A Critical Review of Accumulated Evidence and Perspectives. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122364. [PMID: 36552572 PMCID: PMC9774763 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals from plant foods are considered essential to human health. Known for their role in the adaptation of plants to their environment, these compounds can induce adaptive responses in cells, many of which are directed at maintaining the redox tone. Indicaxanthin is a long-known betalain pigment found in the genus Opuntia of cactus pear and highly concentrated in the edible fruits of O. ficus indica, L. whose bioactivity has been overlooked until recently. This review summarizes studies conducted so far in vitro and in vivo, most of which have been performed in our laboratory. The chemical and physicochemical characteristics of Indicaxanthin are reflected in the molecule's reducing properties and antioxidant effects and help explain its ability to interact with membranes, modulate redox-regulated cellular pathways, and possibly bind to protein molecules. Measurement of bioavailability in volunteers has been key to exploring its bioactivity; amounts consistent with dietary intake, or plasma concentration after dietary consumption of cactus pear fruit, have been used in experimental setups mimicking physiological or pathophysiological conditions, in cells and in animals, finally suggesting pharmacological potential and relevance of Indicaxanthin as a nutraceutical. In reporting experimental results, this review also aimed to raise questions and seek insights for further basic research and health promotion applications.
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Phytochemical and Biological Characterization of the Fractions of the Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9110359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the fractions of the aqueous (AE) and ethanolic (EE) crude extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus were evaluated for their phytochemical composition, cytotoxic, and antioxidant activity. The two extracts were subjected to a fractionation by vacuum liquid chromatography, obtaining seven fractions for each extract. These fractions were evaluated for the presence of phenolic compounds by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (RP-HPLC-MS) analysis. Their cytotoxic activity was tested with a hemolysis assay. The antioxidant activity was evaluated with the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and hydroxyl radical (–OH) scavenging assays. In addition, the effect of the fractions on the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), from human erythrocytes, was evaluated. The phytochemical screening by RP-HPLC-MS mainly showed the presence of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids. The hemolysis assay exhibited a low cytotoxic activity by the fractions of the AE, but the fractions of the EE exhibited a hemolytic effect. The fractions of the AE and EE showed significant antioxidant activity to inhibit radicals in the three radical scavenging assays. Moreover, only some fractions of the AE showed a significant increase in the activity of the SOD enzyme, while the activity of CAT exhibited a significant increase by the fractions of the two extracts. The fractions of the AE and EE of P. hysterophorus have phytochemicals with antioxidant activity to inhibit radicals and increase the activity of in vitro antioxidant enzymes.
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Kargozar S, Hooshmand S, Hosseini SA, Gorgani S, Kermani F, Baino F. Antioxidant Effects of Bioactive Glasses (BGs) and Their Significance in Tissue Engineering Strategies. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196642. [PMID: 36235178 PMCID: PMC9573515 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of oxidative stress are usually observed following injuries, leading to impaired tissue repair due to oxidation-related chronic inflammation. Several attempts have been made to manage this unfavorable situation, and the use of biomaterials with antioxidant activity is showing great promise in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches. Bioactive glasses (BGs) are a versatile group of inorganic substances that exhibit an outstanding regenerative capacity for both hard and soft damaged tissues. The chemical composition of BGs provides a great opportunity for imparting specific biological activities to them. On this point, BGs may easily become antioxidant substances through simple physicochemical modifications. For example, particular antioxidant elements (mostly cerium (Ce)) can be added to the basic composition of the glasses. On the other hand, grafting natural antioxidant substances (e.g., polyphenols) on the BG surface is feasible for making antioxidant substitutes with promising results in vitro. Mesoporous BGs (MBGs) were demonstrated to have unique merits compared with melt-derived BGs since they make it possible to load antioxidants and deliver them to the desired locations. However, there are actually limited in vivo experimental studies on the capability of modified BGs for scavenging free radicals (e.g., reactive oxygen species (ROS)). Therefore, more research is required to determine the actual potential of BGs in decreasing oxidative stress and subsequently improving tissue repair and regeneration. The present work aims to highlight the potential of different types of BGs in modulating oxidative stress and subsequently improving tissue healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
- Correspondence: S.K: (S.K.); (F.B.)
| | - Sara Hooshmand
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Seyede Atefe Hosseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Sara Gorgani
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Farzad Kermani
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence: S.K: (S.K.); (F.B.)
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Faramarzi H, Chaleshtori S, Zolghadri S, Beheshtroo M, Faramarzi A, Shafiee SM. Ferric oxide nanoparticles administration suppresses isoniazid induced oxidative stress in the rat brain tissue. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj94.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Yin J, Ju Y, Qian H, Wang J, Miao X, Zhu Y, Zhou L, Ye L. Nanoplastics and Microplastics May Be Damaging Our Livers. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10100586. [PMID: 36287866 PMCID: PMC9610555 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Plastics in the environment can be degraded and even broken into pieces under the action of natural factors, and the degraded products with a particle size of less than 5 mm are called microplastics (MPs). MPs exist in a variety of environmental media that come into contact with the human body. It can enter the body through environmental media and food chains. At present, there are many studies investigating the damage of MPs to marine organisms and mammals. The liver is the largest metabolizing organ and plays an important role in the metabolism of MPs in the body. However, there is no available systematic review on the toxic effects of MPs on the liver. This paper summarizes the adverse effects and mechanisms of MPs on the liver, by searching the literature and highlighting the studies that have been published to date, and provides a scenario for the liver toxicity caused by MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Yin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ye Ju
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Honghao Qian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaohan Miao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Liting Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Tian P, Li H, Qiu Q, Wang Y. Condensed Tannins Improved Immune Functions and Reduced Environmental Pollution of Captive Sichuan Black Goat Kids Under Cadmium Toxicity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4325-4331. [PMID: 34825317 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03044-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of condensed tannins (CT) on immune functions and nitrogen (N) emissions of captive Sichuan black goat kids under cadmium (Cd) toxicity, a total of 18 Sichuan black goat kids (2 months old, 9.6 ± 1.2 kg) were randomly used in this 30-day trial. The dietary treatments were (1) CON group, basic diet; (2) Cd group, basic diet + oral 10 mg Cd/kg·BW; and (3) CT group, Cd group + 400 mg/kg CT. Oral Cd supplementation significantly decreased the Cu and Fe contents in serums and livers of captive Sichuan black goat kids (P < 0.05), but adding CT in the Cd group increased the Fe and Mo contents and decreased the Cd content in serums and livers (P < 0.05). Additional CT supplementation in the Cd group extremely increased the activities of serum SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT (P < 0.05), and greatly decreased the serum MDA content (P < 0.05). The CT supplementation in the Cd group also extremely increased the concentrations of serum IgG, IgM, and IgA (P < 0.05), and greatly decreased the contents of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in serums (P < 0.05). Adding CT in the Cd group significantly increased the apparent digestibility of CP and EE and decreased the urinary nitrogen (UN) content (P < 0.05, Table 7). In conclusion, the application of additional CT improved antioxidant capacities and immune functions of captive black goats under Cd toxicity, then reduced the oxidative stress and toxic damage of Cd contamination. CT also improved the N digestibility and reduced the N emission, which was helpful to reduce environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tian
- Guizhou Branch of China National Tobacco Corporation, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Quanyou Qiu
- Zhengyu Feed Co., Ltd, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Yachao Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
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Liu C, Li Y, Li H, Wang Y, Zhao K. Nano-Selenium and Macleaya cordata Extracts Improved Immune Functions of Intrauterine Growth Retardation Piglets under Maternal Oxidation Stress. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3975-3982. [PMID: 34739675 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is the main death cause of newborn piglets in large-scale farms. To investigate the effects of maternal nano-selenium (nano-Se) and Macleaya cordata extracts (MCE) on immune functions of IUGR piglets in large scale farms, a 2 × 2 factorial design was adopted in this test, and two factors were nano-Se (0, 0.50 mg/kg) and MCE (0, 500 mg/kg). A total of 32 ternary hybrid sows (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc, parity 2) were used in this 25-day trial from day 90 of pregnancy to delivery. The dietary treatments were as follows: (1) CON group, basic diet (0.0 mg/kg Se); (2) Nano-Se group, basic diet + 0.50 mg/kg added Se (nano-Se); (3) MCE group, basic diet + 500 mg/kg added MCE; (4) Combined group, basic diet + 0.50 mg/kg added nano-Se and 500 mg/kg added MCE. Maternal nano-Se or combination of nano-Se and MCE diets extremely increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (GSH-Px) contents in the serum and liver of IUGR offspring (P < 0.05), and MCE supplementation in sow diets remarkably increased the serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (GSH-Px) contents of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Adding nano-Se, MCE, or nano-Se and MCE to sow diets decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the serum and liver of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). The supplementation of nano-Se and combined diets extremely increased the activities of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the serum and liver of IUGR offspring (P < 0.05). Maternal nano-Se, MCE, and combined diets greatly decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the serum and liver of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Together, the application of nano-Se and/or MCE to sow diets improved antioxidant capacities and immune functions of IUGR offspring, and alleviated oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Yuanfeng Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- Swine Research Institute, Tie Qi Li Shi Group Co., Mianyang, 621006, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Yachao Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
| | - Kui Zhao
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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Effects of Methods and Durations of Extraction on Total Flavonoid and Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Java Cardamom (Amomum compactum Soland Ex Maton) Fruit. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172221. [PMID: 36079603 PMCID: PMC9460600 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Free radicals contribute to the pathophysiology of degenerative diseases which increase mortality globally, including mortality in Indonesia. Amomum compactum Soland. Ex Maton fruit from the Zingiberaceae family, also known as Java cardamom, contains secondary metabolites that have high antioxidant activities. The antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of Java cardamom fruit correlates with its flavonoid and phenolic compound contents, which can be affected by different methods and durations of extraction. This study aimed to measure and compare the effects of extraction methods and durations on total flavonoid and phenolic contents (TFCs and TPCs) and subsequent antioxidant activities by the 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS), and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. Methanol extracts of Java cardamom were produced by continuous shaking (CSE), microwave-assisted (MAE), or ultrasonic-assisted extractions (UAE) for three different durations. CSE for 360 min resulted in the highest TFCs (3.202 mg Quercetin Equivalent/g dry weight), while the highest TPCs (1.263 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent/g dry weight) were obtained by MAE for 3 min. Out of the investigated methods, MAE for 3 min resulted in the highest antioxidant activity results for the extracts. We conclude that the polyphenolic antioxidant yield of Java cardamom depends on two parameters: the method and the duration of extraction.
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Javed K, Rakha A, Butt MS, Faisal MN, Tariq U, Saleem M. Evaluating the anti-arthritic potential of walnut (Juglans regia L.) in FCA induced Sprague Dawley rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14327. [PMID: 35929358 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune progressive disease, associated with many pathophysiological consequences. Owing to the adverse effects and higher costs of pharmaceuticals, people are now looking for complementary and alternative remedies. In this milieu, the present study was designed to explore the therapeutic potential of walnuts against FCA-induced arthritis in rat models. Purposely, 50 Sprague Dawley rats were housed in a well-ventilated animal room and separated into 5 groups of 10 rats each. The rats were categorized as G0 (negative control), G1 (positive control, i.e., FCA induced untreated arthritic rats), G2 (arthritic rats treated with MTX), G3 (arthritic rats treated with walnut feed), and G4 (arthritic rats treated with walnut extract), with an efficacy trial lasting for 42 days. The physical analysis explicated that paw swelling was significantly improved by 10%-12.8% in treatment groups after the intervention when compared with positive control. Moreover, biochemical analyses revealed significantly lower levels of ESR, CRP, and RF in rats treated with walnut-based interventions when compared to positive control. ESR values were decreased by 62.4% and 69.92% in G3 and G4 , whereas CRP levels were improved by 56.20% and 77.78% in G3 and G4 when compared with G1 . Likewise, RF values decreased in G2 , G3 , and G4 by 64.71%, 55.88%, and 69.24%, respectively when compared to G1 . The histological examination demonstrated the potential role of walnut-based interventions in reducing the severity of disease by decreasing cell infiltration, bone erosion, and paw inflammation. Meanwhile, the gene expression analysis revealed that walnut-based interventions protected the paw joints from damage by downregulating the RANKL-OPG pathway. Conclusively, walnut feed and extract may serve as potent anti-arthritic interventions with no side effects. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Plant-based therapeutics are effective in the prevention and management of various chronic diseases. The current research explored the anti-arthritic potential of walnuts. Walnut feed and extract effectively reduced the serum arthritic biomarkers as well as downregulated the genes involved in bone destruction. Thus, the inclusion of dietary ingredients having therapeutic potential such as walnuts may be synchronized in clinical practices to ameliorate arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Javed
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Allah Rakha
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Masood Sadiq Butt
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Faisal
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Urwa Tariq
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Makkia Saleem
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Kim K, Song M, Liu Y, Ji P. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection of weaned pigs: Intestinal challenges and nutritional intervention to enhance disease resistance. Front Immunol 2022; 13:885253. [PMID: 35990617 PMCID: PMC9389069 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.885253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection induced post-weaning diarrhea is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in newly weaned pigs and one of the significant drivers for antimicrobial use in swine production. ETEC attachment to the small intestine initiates ETEC colonization and infection. The secretion of enterotoxins further disrupts intestinal barrier function and induces intestinal inflammation in weaned pigs. ETEC infection can also aggravate the intestinal microbiota dysbiosis due to weaning stress and increase the susceptibility of weaned pigs to other enteric infectious diseases, which may result in diarrhea or sudden death. Therefore, the amount of antimicrobial drugs for medical treatment purposes in major food-producing animal species is still significant. The alternative practices that may help reduce the reliance on such antimicrobial drugs and address animal health requirements are needed. Nutritional intervention in order to enhance intestinal health and the overall performance of weaned pigs is one of the most powerful practices in the antibiotic-free production system. This review summarizes the utilization of several categories of feed additives or supplements, such as direct-fed microbials, prebiotics, phytochemicals, lysozyme, and micro minerals in newly weaned pigs. The current understanding of these candidates on intestinal health and disease resistance of pigs under ETEC infection are particularly discussed, which may inspire more research on the development of alternative practices to support food-producing animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangwook Kim
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Minho Song
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Yanhong Liu, ; Peng Ji,
| | - Peng Ji
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Yanhong Liu, ; Peng Ji,
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Li Y, He J, Zhang Q, Li L, Wang Y. Nano-Molybdenum and Macleaya cordata Extracts Improved Antioxidant Capacity of Grazing Nanjiang Brown Goats on Copper and Cadmium-Contaminated Prairies. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2734-2740. [PMID: 34546490 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02915-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of nano-ammonium octamolybdate (nano-Mo) and Macleaya cordata extracts (MCE) on antioxidant capacity of grazing Nanjiang brown goats on natural prairies under Cu and Cd stress, a 2 × 2 factorial design was adopted in this test, and two factors were nano-Mo (0, 10 mg/kg) and MCE (0, 3000 mg/kg). 24 hm2 polluted grassland was used in this 30-day trial and was equally divided into twelve fenced units. A total of 36 Nanjiang brown goats (1 year old) with an average body weight (BW) of 40.9 ± 2.1 kg were used in this test. The dietary treatments were (1) CON group, basic diet; (2) Nano-Mo group, basic diet + 10 mg/kg added Mo (nano-Mo); (3) MCE group, basic diet + 3000 mg/kg added MCE; and (4) combined group, basic diet + 10 mg/kg added nano-Mo and 3000 mg/kg added MCE. Nano-Mo or combination of nano-Mo and MCE diets significantly decreased the Cu content in serum and the liver of grazing goats (P < 0.05) and increased the Fe and Mo contents in serum and the liver (P < 0.05). The supplementation of nano-Mo, MCE, and combined diets extremely increased the levels of blood Hb, RBC, and PCV (P < 0.05), as well as the activities of serum SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and Cp (P < 0.05), and greatly decreased the blood WBC content (P < 0.05) and the serum MDA content (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the application of nano-Mo and/or MCE diets on contaminated grasslands changed the contents of mineral elements in serum and the liver of grazing goats, reduced oxidative stress, and improved antioxidant capacity. The combination of nano-Mo and MCE can alleviate the toxic damage of combined heavy metal contaminations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- Swine Research Institute, Tie Qi Li Shi Group Co., Mianyang, 621006, China
| | - Jian He
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Qionglian Zhang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Lian Li
- Swine Research Institute, Tie Qi Li Shi Group Co., Mianyang, 621006, China
| | - Yachao Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
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Li Y, Liu H, He J, Shen X, Zhao K, Wang Y. The Effects of Oral Administration of Molybdenum Fertilizers on Immune Function of Nanjiang Brown Goat Grazing on Natural Pastures Contaminated by Mixed Heavy Metal. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2750-2757. [PMID: 34482497 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02901-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mineral development and metal smelting seriously polluted the surrounding groundwater and soil, threatening human health through the food chain. To investigate the effects of different sources of molybdenum (Mo) fertilizers on immune function of Nanjiang brown goats grazing on natural pastures under compound pollutions, fertilizing experiment was carried out in Liangshan Yi Nationality Prefecture of the Western Sichuan Plateau, China. Eighteen square hectometers of polluted meadows were fenced and were randomly divided into three groups (3 replications/group and 2 hm2/replication). A total of 54 healthy Nanjiang brown goats with an average BW of 31.6 ± 1.5 kg (1 year old) were used to this 30-day test (18 goats per group). The goats from CON group, AM group, and PM group were orally supplemented with deionized water, 15 mg Mo/BW·d (ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate), and 15 mg Mo/BW·d (potassium molybdate), respectively. Compared to CON group, the serum Fe content of grazing animals from AM group and PM group was 10.05% and 3.45% higher (P < 0.05), and the serum Cu content of grazing animals from AM group and PM group was 69.05% and 67.86% lower, respectively (P < 0.05). Mo fertilization significantly increased the levels of blood Hb, RBC, and PCV, and the activities of serum SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and Cp of grazing goats (P < 0.05), and also extremely decreased the MDA content of experimental goats fed Mo compared to the control goats (P < 0.05). Compared to CON group, the activities of serum IgG, IgA, IgM, IL-2, and TNF-α of grazing animals from AM group and PM group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the levels of serum IL-6 and IL-1β of grazing goats from AM group and PM group were extremely decreased (P < 0.05). In summary, oral Mo fertilizers can alter the contents of serum mineral elements, reduce oxidative stress, improve immune function, and relieve the toxic damage of goats grazing on contaminated natural grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- Swine Research Institute, Tie Qi Li Shi Group Co., Mianyang, 621006, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Jian He
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, Guiyang, 550004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China.
| | - Kui Zhao
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yachao Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
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Oloruntola OD, Ayodele SO, Omoniyi IS, Adeyeye SA, Adegbeye MJ. The effect of dietary supplementation of mucuna leaf meal on the growth performance, blood parameters, and carcass quality of broiler. ACTA SCIENTIARUM: ANIMAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.55362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Three hundred 1-day old broiler chickens were used to assess the effects of Mucuna leaf meal (MLM) dietary supplementation on the performance, haemato-biochemical indices, oxidative status and meat of broiler chickens. Five experimental supplemented diets were formulated: diets: 1 (0% supplement), 2 (1.1 % OXYT), 3 (0.5% MLM), 4 (1.0 % MLM) and 5 (1.5% MLM). The final weight gain of the birds fed diets 2 and 5 was higher (p < 0.05) than those birds fed the control and other diets. The relative weights of the lung were affected (p < 0.05) by dietary supplementation. Serum cholesterol concentration reduces (p < 0.05) with increased dietary MLM supplementation levels from 1.0% to 1.5%. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels increased (p < 0.05) in the broiler chickens fed a 1.5% MLM supplemented diet, compared to those fed the control and other diets. Meat cholesterol of the chickens fed 1.0%, and 1.5% MLM supplemented diets were lower (p < 0.05) than the experimental birds fed the rest diets. In conclusion, the 1.5 % MLM dietary supplementation improves body weight gain, reduces the serum cholesterol concentration, increases the serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities of the chickens and reduced the meat cholesterol.
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Hu MM, Chen JH, Zhang QQ, Song ZY, Shaukat H, Qin H. Sesamol counteracts on metabolic disorders of middle-aged alimentary obese mice through regulating skeletal muscle glucose and lipid metabolism. Food Nutr Res 2022; 66:8231. [PMID: 35382382 PMCID: PMC8941404 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v66.8231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, obesity is a significant public problem, especially when aging. Sesamol, a phenolic lignan present in sesame seeds, might have a positive effect on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity associated with aging. Objective The purpose of current research study was to explore salutary effects and mechanisms of sesamol in treating alimentary obesity and associated metabolic syndrome in middle-aged mice. Methods C57BL/6J mice aged 4–6 weeks and 6–8 months were assigned to the young normal diet group, middle-aged normal diet group, middle-aged HFD group, and middle-aged HFD + sesamol group. At the end of experiment, glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were performed; the levels of lipids and oxidative stress-related factors in the serum and skeletal muscle were detected using chemistry reagent kits; lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle was observed by oil red O staining; the expressions of muscular glucose and lipid metabolism associated proteins were measured by Western blotting. Results Sesamol decreased the body weight and alleviated obesity-associated metabolism syndrome in middle-aged mice, such as glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress. Moreover, muscular metabolic disorders were attenuated after treatment with sesamol. It increased the expression of glucose transporter type-4 and down-regulated the protein levels of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isozyme 4, implying the increase of glucose uptake and oxidation. Meanwhile, sesamol decreased the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c and up-regulated the phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase and the level of carnitine palmityl transferase 1α, which led to the declined lipogenesis and the increased lipolysis and lipid oxidation. In addition, the SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway was triggered by sesamol, from which it is understood how sesamol enhances glucose and lipid metabolism. Conclusions Sesamol counteracts on metabolic disorders of middle-aged alimentary obese mice through regulating skeletal muscle glucose and lipid metabolism, which might be associated with the stimulation of the SIRT1/AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Min Hu
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ji-Hua Chen
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Quan-Quan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zi-Yu Song
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Horia Shaukat
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Qin
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Citrullus colocynthis Seed Ameliorates Layer Performance and Immune Response under Acute Oxidative Stress Induced by Paraquat Injection. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12080945. [PMID: 35454193 PMCID: PMC9032143 DOI: 10.3390/ani12080945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In recent years, natural, plant-based antioxidants have been increasingly popular among poultry producers to boost production and welfare. Colocynth, i.e., Citrullus colocynthis, is an herbaceous plant known to have antioxidant properties. Employing laying hens, this study investigated the potency of dietary colocynth seed supplementation to reduce the deleterious effects of acute oxidative stress induced by paraquat injection. The results demonstrated that supplementing layers’ diets with colocynth seed at 0.1% alleviated oxidative stress responses and significantly improved egg production performance. Furthermore, the immunological responses of the acute-oxidative-stressed layers were enhanced with colocynth seed supplementation. Thus, the inclusion of colocynth seed in layer chickens’ diets can improve egg production performance, restore the redox balance, and enhance immunological responses when they are reared under acute oxidative stress conditions. Abstract Oxidative stress is a detrimental physiological state that threatens birds’ productivity and general health. Colocynth is an herbal plant known for its bioactive properties, and it is mainly known for its antioxidant effects. This study’s purpose was to investigate how effective colocynth seed is at lowering the detrimental impact of acute oxidative stress caused by paraquat (PQ) injection in laying hens. A total of 360 Hy-Line Brown chickens, aged 39 weeks, were gathered and divided into four equal groups (10 hens × 9 replicates) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The experimental groups were given either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with colocynth seed (1% of diet). Starting from week 40 of age and for 7 successive days, the experimental groups were either injected daily with paraquat (5 mg/kg body weight) or with saline (0.5 mL, 0.9% NaCl). Egg production performance with selected stress biomarkers and immunological response parameters were investigated at the end of week 40 of age. Our data revealed a significant reduction in egg production with an increase in blood stress biomarkers (i.e., HSP-70, corticosterone, and H/L ratio) in PQ-injected groups compared with non-stressed groups. Furthermore, an unbalanced redox state was detected in acute oxidative stress groups, with a significant rise in lipid peroxidation level, a reduction in total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and a drop in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase enzyme activity. Supplementing PQ-injected hens with colocynth seed reduced the deleterious effects of acute oxidative stress. There was a significant drop in stress biomarkers with a significant rise in antioxidant enzyme activity and TAC observed in the PQ-injected group provided with colocynth seed supplementation. Remarkably, supplementation of colocynth in the non-stressed group resulted in a significant 27% increase in TAC concentration and 17% higher SOD activity when compared with the non-stressed control group. Colocynth supplementation in the PQ-injected group elevated the total white blood cell count by 25% and improved the B-lymphocyte proliferation index (a 1.3-fold increase) compared with the PQ-injected group that did not receive supplementation. Moreover, the non-stressed colocynth-supplemented group had significantly higher cell-mediated and humoral immune responses than the non-stressed control group. This study demonstrated that colocynth seed supplementation in birds exposed to acute oxidative stress may effectively alleviate its negative impacts on production performance, immunological responses, and redox status. We also inferred that, under normal conditions, colocynth seed can be added to laying hens’ diets to stimulate production and ameliorate immune responses.
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García Beltrán JM, Esteban MÁ. Nature-identical compounds as feed additives in aquaculture. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 123:409-416. [PMID: 35331881 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture sustainable development is necessary since it is categorized as the most important source of aquatic products for human consumption and it is expected to keep growing shortly. For this reason, the addition of natural immunostimulants to fish diet to improve fish health and to preserve the environment have great importance in aquaculture. In this sense, new biotechnological tools as nature-identical compounds are now being used as feed additives to strengthen and stimulate the fish immune system to prevent and/or control diseases due to their lesser cost and higher availability than plant compounds. This review aims to present the most recent studies in which nature-identical compounds have been used in the fish diet to establish their possible use in aquaculture. Nature-identical compounds can be considered a promising alternative to be added to fish diets to promote growth performance, manipulate the gut microbiota, and improve the immune and oxidative status of fish as wells as control bacterial infections in this important aquatic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María García Beltrán
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Esteban
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Li Y, Shen X, Liu F, Luo L, Wang Y. Molybdenum Fertilization Improved Antioxidant Capacity of Grazing Nanjiang Brown Goat on Copper-Contaminated Pasture. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:1156-1163. [PMID: 33899168 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02735-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element, but excessive Cu intake can induce poor performance and Cu poisoning and result in various health problems. Cu and molybdenum (Mo) antagonize each other in vivo. Therefore, Mo can reduce the absorption and utilization of Cu. The aims of this study were to investigate the impacts of Mo fertilization on antioxidant capacity of grazing Nanjiang brown goat on Cu-polluted meadow and explore the control methods of Cu pollution in natural pasture. Fertilization and grazing experiments were carried out in Liangshan Yi Nationality Prefecture of the Western Sichuan Plateau, Sichuan Province, Southwest China. Cu-polluted meadows of 12 hm2 were fenced, and randomly divided into two groups (3 replications/group, 2 hm2/replication), control group and treatment group, fed with basic diets supplemented with 0 and 3 kg Mo/hm2 [ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O], respectively. In the current study, 36 healthy Nanjiang brown goats (1 year old, 32.8 ± 1.1 kg) were randomly divided into two groups (3 replications/group, 6 goats/replication) and assigned to the experimental pastures. The grazing experiment lasted for 60 days. The results showed that the concentration of Mo in soil in treatment group was 96.28 mg/kg, far exceeding the normal levels. At days 30 and 60, the levels of Hb, RBC, and PCV in blood in treatment group and the activities of serum SOD, GSH-Px, T-AOC, CAT, and Cp were higher than those in control group (P < 0.01). The MDA content in treatment group was lower than that in control group (P < 0.01). The contents of Cu in blood and liver in treatment goats were lower than those in control animals (P < 0.01). The contents of Zn and Mo in blood and liver in treatment goats were higher than those in control animals (P < 0.01). The Mn content in liver in treatment group was higher than that in control animals (P < 0.01). These results indicated that fertilization of (NH4)6Mo7O24 not only markedly influenced the mineral contents in blood and liver, but also extremely improved antioxidant capacity of grazing Nanjiang brown goat from fertilized pastures and relieved the damage caused by Cu pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- Swine Research Institute, Tie Qi Li Shi Group Co., Mianyang, 621006, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Fuyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Lan Luo
- Nanjiang Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Bazhong, 636600, China
| | - Yachao Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
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Matsuo T, Asano T, Mizuno Y, Sato S, Fujino I, Sadzuka Y. Water spinach and okra sprouts inhibit cancer cell proliferation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2022; 58:79-84. [PMID: 35132541 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-022-00650-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Matsuo
- Division of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan.
| | - Takashi Asano
- Division of Natural Product Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Yuki Mizuno
- Division of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Shuri Sato
- Division of Natural Product Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Ibuki Fujino
- Division of Natural Product Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sadzuka
- Division of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
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Li Y, He J, Luo L, Wang Y. The Combinations of Sulfur and Molybdenum Fertilization Improved Antioxidant Capacity in Grazing Nanjiang Brown Goat. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:600-608. [PMID: 33851331 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02702-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To assess the impacts of sulfur (S) and molybdenum (Mo) fertilization on antioxidant capacity of grazing Nanjiang brown goat in copper (Cu)-polluted meadow, and explore the control methods of Cu pollution in natural pasture, fertilizer treatments and grazing experiments were carried out in Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of the Western Sichuan Plateau, Sichuan Province, Southwest China. 24 hm2 Cu-polluted meadows were fenced and randomly divided into four groups (3 replications/group, 2 hm2/replication): (1) control group, no fertilizer; (2) treatment groups, applied 1 kg Mo+40 kg S, 2 kg Mo+80 kg S, and 3 kg Mo+120 kg S per hectare for group I, group II, and group III, respectively. Seventy-two healthy Nanjiang brown goats (1 year old, 30.9 ± 1.1 kg) were randomly divided into 4 groups (3 replications/group, 6 goats/replication) and assigned to the tested pastures. The grazing experiment lasted for 60 days. The results showed that the contents of N, S, Mn, Zn, and Mo in herbage in fertilized pastures were higher than those in control group (P < 0.01). The contents of Cu and Se in herbage in fertilized pastures were lower than those in control group (P < 0.01). There were no differences among the fertilized pastures (P > 0.05). The contents of Mn, Zn, Mo, and S in serum and liver in the treatment goats were higher than those in control animals (P < 0.01). The contents of Cu and Se in serum and liver in the treatment goats were lower than those in control animals (P < 0.01). There was no difference in Fe and Co contents in herbage, serum, and liver among the four groups (P > 0.05). The levels of Hb, RBC, and PCV in blood in the treatment goats and the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, T-AOC, CAT, and Cp in serum were higher than those in control goats (P < 0.01). The contents of MDA in the treatment goats were lower than those in control animals (P < 0.01). The contents of serum Cu and Mo, and liver Cu in group III were lower than those in group I and group II (P < 0.01). Taken together, the combinations of S and Mo fertilization did not influence the mineral contents in herbage, serum, and liver, but reduced the toxicity of Cu in Cu-polluted grassland and improved antioxidant capacity in grazing Nanjiang brown goat from fertilized pastures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- Swine Research Institute, Tie Qi Li Shi Group Co., Mianyang, 621006, China
| | - Jian He
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Lan Luo
- Nanjiang Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Bazhong, 636600, China
| | - Yachao Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
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Peña-Torres EF, Castillo-Salas C, Jiménez-Estrada I, Muhlia-Almazán A, Peña-Ramos EA, Pinelli-Saavedra A, Avendaño-Reyes L, Hinojosa-Rodríguez C, Valenzuela-Melendres M, Macias-Cruz U, González-Ríos H. Growth performance, carcass traits, muscle fiber characteristics and
skeletal muscle mRNA abundance in hair lambs supplemented with ferulic
acid. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 64:52-69. [PMID: 35174342 PMCID: PMC8819324 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) is a phytochemical with various bioactive properties. It has
recently been proposed that due to its phytogenic action it can be used as an
alternative growth promoter additive to synthetic compounds. The objective of
the present study was to evaluate the growth performance, carcass traits, fiber
characterization and skeletal muscle gene expression on hair-lambs supplemented
with two doses of FA. Thirty-two male lambs (n = 8 per treatment) were
individually housed during a 32 d feeding trial to evaluate the effect of FA
(300 and 600 mg d−1) or zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH; 6 mg
d−1) on growth performance, and then slaughtered to
evaluate the effects on carcass traits, and muscle fibers morphometry from
Longissimus thoracis (LT) and mRNA abundance of
β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR), MHC-I,
MHC-IIX and IGF-I genes. FA increased final weight and average daily gain with
respect to non-supplemented animals (p < 0.05). The ZH
supplementation increased LT muscle area, with respect to FA doses and control
(p < 0.05). Cross-sectional area (CSA) of oxidative
fibers was larger with FA doses and ZH (p < 0.05).
Feeding ZH increased mRNA abundance for β2-AR compared to FA
and control (p < 0.05), and expression of MHC-I was
affected by FA doses and ZH (p < 0.05). Overall, FA
supplementation of male hair lambs enhanced productive variables due to skeletal
muscle hypertrophy caused by MHC-I up-regulation. Results suggest that FA has
the potential like a growth promoter in lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Fernando Peña-Torres
- División de Ciencias de la Salud,
Universidad de Quintana Roo, Quintana Roo 77039, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en
Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Sonora
83304, Mexico
| | - Candelario Castillo-Salas
- Departamento de Ciencias
Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Tecnológico de
Sonora, Sonora 85000, Mexico
| | - Ismael Jiménez-Estrada
- Departamento de Fisiología,
Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y Estudios
Avanzados del IPN, San Pedro Zacatenco 07000, Mexico
| | - Adriana Muhlia-Almazán
- Centro de Investigación en
Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Sonora
83304, Mexico
| | - Etna Aida Peña-Ramos
- Centro de Investigación en
Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Sonora
83304, Mexico
| | | | - Leonel Avendaño-Reyes
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas,
Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Baja
California 21705, Mexico
| | - Cindy Hinojosa-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Fisiología,
Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y Estudios
Avanzados del IPN, San Pedro Zacatenco 07000, Mexico
| | | | - Ulises Macias-Cruz
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas,
Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Baja
California 21705, Mexico
| | - Humberto González-Ríos
- Centro de Investigación en
Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Sonora
83304, Mexico
- Corresponding author: Humberto
González-Ríos, Centro de Investigación en
Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Sonora 83304, Mexico. Tel:
+52-662-289-2400, E-mail:
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Javed K, Rakha A, Butt MS, Faisal MN. Probing the antioxidant potential of
Juglans regia
(walnut) against arthritis‐induced oxidative stress in
Sprague Dawley
rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14082. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Komal Javed
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Allah Rakha
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Masood Sadiq Butt
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Faisal
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
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Islam MM, Alam R, Chung HJ, Emon NU, Fazlul Kabir M, Rudra S, Alam S, Ullah A, Hong ST, Aktar Sayeed M. Chemical, Pharmacological and Computerized Molecular Analysis of Stem's Extracts of Bauhinia scandens L. Provide Insights into the Management of Diarrheal and Microbial Infections. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020265. [PMID: 35057446 PMCID: PMC8778859 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bauhinia scandens L. (Family: Fabaceae) is commonly used to treat cholera, diarrhea, asthma, and diabetes disorder in integrative medicine. This study aimed to screen the presence of phytochemicals (preliminary and UPLC-QTOF–M.S. analysis) and to examine the pharmacological activities of Bauhinia scandens L. stems (MEBS) stem extracts. Besides, in silico study was also implemented to elucidate the binding affinity and drug capability of the selected phytochemicals. In vivo anti diarrheal activity was investigated in mice models. In vitro, antibacterial and antifungal properties of MEBS against several pathogenic strains were evaluated using the disc diffusion method. In addition, in silico study has been employed using Discovery studio 2020, UCFS Chimera, PyRx autodock vina, and online tools. In the anti-diarrheal investigation, MEBS showed a significant dose-dependent inhibition rate in all three methods. The antibacterial and antifungal screening showed a remarkable zone of inhibition, of the diameter 14–26 mm and 12–28 mm, by MEBS. The present study revealed that MEBS has remarkable anti-diarrheal potential and is highly effective in wide-spectrum bacterial and fungal strains. Moreover, the in silico study validated the results of biological screenings. To conclude, MEBS is presumed to be a good source in treating diarrhea, bacterial and fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Minarul Islam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (M.M.I.); (S.-T.H.)
| | - Rashedul Alam
- Department of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (R.A.); (A.U.)
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwanju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwanju 61715, Korea;
| | - Nazim Uddin Emon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chattogram 4318, Bangladesh;
| | | | - Sajib Rudra
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chattogram 4331, Bangladesh;
| | - Safaet Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh;
| | - Ahsan Ullah
- Department of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (R.A.); (A.U.)
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (M.M.I.); (S.-T.H.)
| | - Mohammed Aktar Sayeed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chattogram 4318, Bangladesh;
- Correspondence:
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Khasamwala RH, Ranjani S, Nivetha SS, Hemalatha S. COVID-19: an In Silico Analysis on Potential Therapeutic Uses of Trikadu as Immune System Boosters. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:291-301. [PMID: 34988845 PMCID: PMC8731194 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03793-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Corona virus pandemic outbreak also known as COVID-19 has created an imbalance in this world. Scientists have adopted the use of natural or alternative medicines which are consumed mostly as dietary supplements to boost the immune system as herbal remedies. India is famous for traditional medicinal formulations which includes 'Trikadu'-a combination of three acrids, namely Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum and Piper longum which have antioxidant properties that boost our immune system hence acting as a strong preventive measure. In this study, AutoDock 4.0 was used to study interaction between the phytocompounds of Trikadu with RNA-dependent polymerase protein and enveloped protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Analysis of the results showed that coumarin, coumaperine and bisdemethoxycurcumin showed strong bonding interactions with both the proteins. We can conclude that Trikadu has the potential molecules; hence, it can be incorporated in the diet to boost the immune system as a preventive measure against the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukaiya Hasani Khasamwala
- School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, India, 600048
| | - S Ranjani
- School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, India, 600048
| | - S Sai Nivetha
- School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, India, 600048
| | - S Hemalatha
- School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, India, 600048.
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Ruan D, Dai Z, Fouad AM, Zhang Y, Li C, Wang S, Huang X, Li K, Sun Y, You J, Zheng C. Effects of dietary sunflower meal supplementation on productive performance, antioxidative capacity, lipid metabolism, and gut microbiota in laying ducks. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Effects of Dietary Resveratrol Supplementation on Growth Performance and Anti-Inflammatory Ability in Ducks ( Anas platyrhynchos) through the Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123588. [PMID: 34944363 PMCID: PMC8698092 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study clarified for the first time that the Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways in ducks are related to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. For the first time, we found that dietary resveratrol (RES) effectively alleviated the inflammatory response caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by reducing oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress, alternating the blood biochemical index, and restoring the destruction of hepatocyte morphology. The results of this study provide strong evidence that dietary RES improved the anti-inflammatory ability and the growth performance of ducks. Abstract The aim of this study was to explore the effect of dietary resveratrol on the growth performance and anti-inflammatory mechanism in ducks. A total of 280 one-day-old specific pathogen-free male ducklings (Anas platyrhynchos) with an average body weight of 35 ± 1 g were randomly divided into two dietary treatment groups with different supplementation levels of resveratrol for growth performance experiments: R0 and R400 (0 and, 400 mg kg−1 resveratrol, respectively). At the age of 28 days, 16 ducks were selected from each treatment group and divided into four subgroups for a 2 × 2 factorial pathological experiment: R0; R400; R0 + LPS; R400 + LPS, (0 mg kg−1 resveratrol, 400 mg kg−1 resveratrol, 0 mg kg−1 resveratrol, 400 mg kg−1 resveratrol + 5 mg lipopolysaccharide/kg body weight). The results showed that resveratrol significantly improved final body weight and average daily gain (p < 0.01) and alleviated the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response with a reduction in IL-1β and IL-6 in the plasma and the liver (p < 0.05). Resveratrol improved mRNA levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 and decreased the mRNA levels of TLR4 and NF-κB in duck liver (p < 0.05). Dietary resveratrol can improve growth performance and reduce inflammation through the Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways in duck.
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Xu C, Zhang S, Sun B, Xie P, Liu X, Chang L, Lu F, Zhang S. Dietary Supplementation with Microalgae ( Schizochytrium sp.) Improves the Antioxidant Status, Fatty Acids Profiles and Volatile Compounds of Beef. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123517. [PMID: 34944292 PMCID: PMC8697940 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with microalgae (Schizochytrium sp.) containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the antioxidant enzyme activity, physicochemical quality, fatty acid composition and volatile compounds of beef meat. Eighteen male Qaidamford cattle were randomly allocated into three treatments (n = 6): no micro-algae supplementation (Control group, C), 100 g microalgae supplementation per bull per day (FD1), and 200 g microalgae supplementation per bull per day (FD2), and fed for 49 days before slaughter. The results showed that, compared with the C group, the addition of DHA-rich microalgae to the diet could significantly increase the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in meat. In the FD2 group, it was found that the concentration of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). DHA-rich microalgae supplementation increased polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; C20:5 n-6), DHA, EPA + DHA, and n-3 PUFA and reduced n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio. Twenty-four volatile compounds identified in beef were mainly aldehydes, alcohols and ketones from the fingerprints. The contents of short-chain fatty aldehydes, 1-octen-3-ol and 2-pentylfuran, were higher in the FD2 group than in the other two groups. The microalgae diet improved the sensory attribute score of beef. The results demonstrated that dietary supplementation of DHA-rich microalgae improved the antioxidant status, increased the deposition of DHA and enhanced the characteristic flavor of beef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Xu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (B.S.); (P.X.); (X.L.)
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Shou Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (S.Z.); (L.C.); (F.L.)
| | - Baozhong Sun
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (B.S.); (P.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Peng Xie
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (B.S.); (P.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaochang Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (B.S.); (P.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Lan Chang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (S.Z.); (L.C.); (F.L.)
| | - Fushan Lu
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (S.Z.); (L.C.); (F.L.)
| | - Songshan Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (B.S.); (P.X.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhang C, Qian DD, Yu T, Yang H, Li P, Li HJ. Multi-parametric cellular imaging coupled with multi-component quantitative profiling for screening of hepatotoxic equivalent markers from Psoraleae Fructus. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153518. [PMID: 34735910 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hepatotoxicity of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is an important reason for its restrictive application. Psoraleae Fructus (PF), a commonly used CHM for treatment of osteoporosis and vitiligo etc., has caused serious concern due to the frequent occurrence of liver injury incidents. To date, its hepatotoxic equivalent markers (HEMs) and potential mechanisms are still unclear. PURPOSE To discover and validate the HEMs of PF and further explore the potential mechanisms of hepatotoxicity. METHODS Multi-parametric cellular imaging was performed by high content screening, and multi-component quantitative profiling was conducted by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry. The correlations between hepatotoxic features and component contents were modeled by chemometrics including partial least square regression, back propagation-artificial neural network, and hierarchical cluster analysis. Then the candidate HEMs of PF were screened out and subjected to hepatotoxic equivalence assessment in primary hepatocytes, zebrafish, and mice, and the hepatotoxic mechanisms of PF were investigated. RESULTS The chemical combination of psoralen and isopsoralen was discovered as the HEMs of PF through pre-screening and verifying process. PF was demonstrated to induce oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS This study not only provides a rational strategy for screening HEMs from CHMs like PF, but also contributes to understanding the underlying mechanisms of PF hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Duo-Duo Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Si W, Zhang Y, Li X, Du Y, Xu Q. Understanding the Functional Activity of Polyphenols Using Omics-Based Approaches. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113953. [PMID: 34836207 PMCID: PMC8625961 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant polyphenols are the main category of natural active substances, and are distributed widely in vegetables, fruits, and plant-based processed foods. Polyphenols have a beneficial performance in preventing diseases and maintaining body health. However, its action mechanism has not been well understood. Foodomics is a novel method to sequence and widely used in nutrition, combining genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, microbiome, and metabolomics. Based on multi-omics technologies, foodomics provides abundant data to study functional activities of polyphenols. In this paper, physiological functions of various polyphenols based on foodomics and microbiome was discussed, especially the anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities and gut microbe regulation. In conclusion, omics (including microbiomics) is a useful approach to explore the bioactive activities of polyphenols in the nutrition and health of human and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Si
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.S.); (X.L.); (Y.D.)
- Shennongjia Science & Technology Innovation Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yangdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.S.); (X.L.); (Y.D.)
- Shennongjia Science & Technology Innovation Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yufeng Du
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.S.); (X.L.); (Y.D.)
- Shennongjia Science & Technology Innovation Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qingbiao Xu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.S.); (X.L.); (Y.D.)
- Shennongjia Science & Technology Innovation Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
- Correspondence:
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