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Yoshida M, Taguchi N, Piao Y, Gupta R, Berry M, Peters J, Abdelghany M, Chiang M, Wang CY, Yotsuyanagi H. Treatment pattern and clinical outcomes of remdesivir in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with severe chronic kidney disease: a database analysis of acute care hospitals in Japan. Clin Exp Nephrol 2025; 29:624-637. [PMID: 39739156 PMCID: PMC12049339 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-024-02609-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/02/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence on clinical outcomes and treatment pattern in Japanese patients with severe chronic kidney disease (CKD), hospitalized for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to describe patient characteristics, treatment pattern, and clinical outcomes in Japanese patients with severe CKD, hospitalized for COVID-19 who received remdesivir (RDV). METHODS We used the anonymized claims database from Medical Data Vision Co., Ltd., Japan. The analysis included patients aged ≥ 18 years with severe CKD, hospitalized for moderate to severe COVID-19, and administered ≥ 1 dose of RDV between October 2021 and September 2023. All-cause inpatient mortality, disease progression, and recovery up to 56 days from hospitalization were evaluated. RESULTS Data of 847 patients were analyzed (mean age 73.0 ± 14.1 years). Median (Q1-Q3) time to RDV initiation was 1.0 day (1.0-2.0) from hospitalization and treatment duration was 5.0 days (3.0-5.0). At RDV initiation, 44.27% patients required non-invasive positive pressure ventilation/high or low flow oxygen; 4.25% required invasive mechanical ventilation/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation/intensive care unit hospitalization. Proportion of patients with all-cause mortality was 11.45% (stage 4, 14.89%; stage 5, 10.47%) by 28 days and 12.28% (stage 4, 16.49%; stage 5, 11.08%) by 56 days. At 28 days, 12.28% had disease progression and 72.14% recovered. CONCLUSION Most patients with severe CKD received RDV immediately after hospitalization. The majority of patients recovered by 28 days. The study provided insights into RDV treatment in inpatient settings, which could contribute to the discussion on standard of care in this population in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Yoshida
- Gilead Sciences, K.K., 16/F GRAN TOKYO SOUTH TOWER, 1-9-2, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-6616, Japan.
| | - Nao Taguchi
- Gilead Sciences, K.K., 16/F GRAN TOKYO SOUTH TOWER, 1-9-2, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-6616, Japan
| | - Yi Piao
- Gilead Sciences, K.K., 16/F GRAN TOKYO SOUTH TOWER, 1-9-2, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-6616, Japan
| | - Rikisha Gupta
- Gilead Sciences, Inc, 333 Lakeside Dr, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - Mark Berry
- Gilead Sciences, Inc, 333 Lakeside Dr, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - Jami Peters
- Gilead Sciences, Inc, 333 Lakeside Dr, Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - Mel Chiang
- Gilead Sciences, Inc, 333 Lakeside Dr, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- Gilead Sciences, Inc, 333 Lakeside Dr, Foster City, CA, USA
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Oliveira MCL, Martelli DR, Simões e Silva AC, Dias CS, Diniz LM, Colosimo EA, Pinhati CC, Galante SC, Duelis FN, Carvalho LE, Coelho LG, Bernardes MET, Martelli-Júnior H, de Oliveira FES, Mak RH, Oliveira EA. COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness and Risk Factors of Booster Failure in 480,000 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Microorganisms 2025; 13:979. [PMID: 40431152 PMCID: PMC12114578 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13050979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2025] [Revised: 03/20/2025] [Accepted: 03/25/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
To investigate the real-world effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in a large cohort of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), we analyzed all >18-year-old patients with COVID-19 registered in a Brazilian nationwide surveillance database between February 2020 and February 2023. The primary outcome of interest was vaccine effectiveness against death, evaluated using multivariate logistic regression models. Among the 2,131,089 patients registered in the SIVEP-Gripe, 482,677 (22.6%) had DM. After adjusting for covariates, patients with DM had a higher risk of death than those without comorbidities (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.43, 95% CI, 1.39-1.47). For patients without comorbidities (72.7%, 95% CI, 70.5-74.7) and those with DM (73.4%, 95% CI, 68.2-76.7), vaccine effectiveness was similar after the booster dose. However, it was reduced in patients with DM associated with other comorbidities (60.5%; 95% CI, 57.5-63.2). The strongest factor associated with booster failure was the omicron variant (aOR = 27.8, 95% CI, 19.9-40.1). Our study revealed that COVID-19 vaccines provided robust protection against death in individuals with DM. However, our findings underscore the need to update vaccines and develop tailored strategies for individuals with diabetes, especially those with additional underlying conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Christina L. Oliveira
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), R. Engenheiro Amaro Lanari 389/501, Belo Horizonte 30310-580, MG, Brazil; (M.C.L.O.); (A.C.S.e.S.); (C.S.D.); (L.M.D.); (C.C.P.); (S.C.G.); (F.N.D.); (L.E.C.); (L.G.C.); (M.E.T.B.)
| | - Daniella R. Martelli
- Health Science/Primary Care Postgraduate Program, State University of Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros 39401-089, MG, Brazil; (D.R.M.); (H.M.-J.); (F.E.S.d.O.)
| | - Ana Cristina Simões e Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), R. Engenheiro Amaro Lanari 389/501, Belo Horizonte 30310-580, MG, Brazil; (M.C.L.O.); (A.C.S.e.S.); (C.S.D.); (L.M.D.); (C.C.P.); (S.C.G.); (F.N.D.); (L.E.C.); (L.G.C.); (M.E.T.B.)
| | - Cristiane S. Dias
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), R. Engenheiro Amaro Lanari 389/501, Belo Horizonte 30310-580, MG, Brazil; (M.C.L.O.); (A.C.S.e.S.); (C.S.D.); (L.M.D.); (C.C.P.); (S.C.G.); (F.N.D.); (L.E.C.); (L.G.C.); (M.E.T.B.)
| | - Lilian M. Diniz
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), R. Engenheiro Amaro Lanari 389/501, Belo Horizonte 30310-580, MG, Brazil; (M.C.L.O.); (A.C.S.e.S.); (C.S.D.); (L.M.D.); (C.C.P.); (S.C.G.); (F.N.D.); (L.E.C.); (L.G.C.); (M.E.T.B.)
| | - Enrico A. Colosimo
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30310-580, MG, Brazil;
| | - Clara C. Pinhati
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), R. Engenheiro Amaro Lanari 389/501, Belo Horizonte 30310-580, MG, Brazil; (M.C.L.O.); (A.C.S.e.S.); (C.S.D.); (L.M.D.); (C.C.P.); (S.C.G.); (F.N.D.); (L.E.C.); (L.G.C.); (M.E.T.B.)
| | - Stella C. Galante
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), R. Engenheiro Amaro Lanari 389/501, Belo Horizonte 30310-580, MG, Brazil; (M.C.L.O.); (A.C.S.e.S.); (C.S.D.); (L.M.D.); (C.C.P.); (S.C.G.); (F.N.D.); (L.E.C.); (L.G.C.); (M.E.T.B.)
| | - Fernanda N. Duelis
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), R. Engenheiro Amaro Lanari 389/501, Belo Horizonte 30310-580, MG, Brazil; (M.C.L.O.); (A.C.S.e.S.); (C.S.D.); (L.M.D.); (C.C.P.); (S.C.G.); (F.N.D.); (L.E.C.); (L.G.C.); (M.E.T.B.)
| | - Laura E. Carvalho
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), R. Engenheiro Amaro Lanari 389/501, Belo Horizonte 30310-580, MG, Brazil; (M.C.L.O.); (A.C.S.e.S.); (C.S.D.); (L.M.D.); (C.C.P.); (S.C.G.); (F.N.D.); (L.E.C.); (L.G.C.); (M.E.T.B.)
| | - Laura G. Coelho
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), R. Engenheiro Amaro Lanari 389/501, Belo Horizonte 30310-580, MG, Brazil; (M.C.L.O.); (A.C.S.e.S.); (C.S.D.); (L.M.D.); (C.C.P.); (S.C.G.); (F.N.D.); (L.E.C.); (L.G.C.); (M.E.T.B.)
| | - Maria Eduarda T. Bernardes
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), R. Engenheiro Amaro Lanari 389/501, Belo Horizonte 30310-580, MG, Brazil; (M.C.L.O.); (A.C.S.e.S.); (C.S.D.); (L.M.D.); (C.C.P.); (S.C.G.); (F.N.D.); (L.E.C.); (L.G.C.); (M.E.T.B.)
| | - Hercílio Martelli-Júnior
- Health Science/Primary Care Postgraduate Program, State University of Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros 39401-089, MG, Brazil; (D.R.M.); (H.M.-J.); (F.E.S.d.O.)
| | - Fabrício Emanuel S. de Oliveira
- Health Science/Primary Care Postgraduate Program, State University of Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros 39401-089, MG, Brazil; (D.R.M.); (H.M.-J.); (F.E.S.d.O.)
| | - Robert H. Mak
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Rady Children’s Hospital, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Eduardo A. Oliveira
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), R. Engenheiro Amaro Lanari 389/501, Belo Horizonte 30310-580, MG, Brazil; (M.C.L.O.); (A.C.S.e.S.); (C.S.D.); (L.M.D.); (C.C.P.); (S.C.G.); (F.N.D.); (L.E.C.); (L.G.C.); (M.E.T.B.)
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Gajate-Arenas M, Sirvent-Blanco C, García-Pérez O, Domínguez-de-Barros A, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J, Córdoba-Lanús E. miR-27a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-1246 and miR-4508: a candidate microRNA signature in the protection and regulation of viral infection in mild COVID-19. Mol Med 2025; 31:102. [PMID: 40089674 PMCID: PMC11910857 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-025-01154-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2025] [Indexed: 03/17/2025] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are gene regulators essential for cell homeostasis, their alteration is related to a pathological state, including infectious diseases like COVID-19. Identifying an altered profile of circulating miRNAs in mild COVID-19 may enhance our knowledge of the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and the range of clinical phenotypes. In the present study, a miRNA screening was performed by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), and the expression levels of 13 resulting miRNAs were validated through RT-qPCR in the serum of 40 mild cases compared to 29 non-infected individuals. An in-silico analysis was performed to detect target genes and their related pathways. From the validated miRNAs, miR-1246 (p < 0.001), miR-423-5p (p < 0.001), miR-21-5p (p = 0.005), miR-146a-5p (p < 0.001), miR-4508 (p = 0.001), miR-629-5p (p < 0.001), and miR-210-3p (p = 0.002) were found downregulated in infected individuals. Only miR-27a-5p was overexpressed in subjects with COVID-19 (p = 0.013) and associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (p = 0.010). The KEGG pathways and GO analysis revealed that the differentially expressed miRNAs were related to viral processes or immunological pathways: miR-27a-5p acts on the TGF-beta pathway; miR-21-5p targets SMAD7, which is associated with the inflammatory response in the lung; miR-1246 acts on p53 pathway; and miR-4508 acts on ICAM2. In conclusion, the most relevant miRNAs, miR-27a-5p and miR-21-5p, were differently expressed in mild forms of COVID-19. The higher expression of miR-27a-5p observed in mild COVID-19 cases may suggest a protective effect against severe forms of the disease. Reduced expression of miR-21-5p may prevent pulmonary inflammation and the progression of fibrosis. The downregulation of miR-1246 and miR-4508 in mild COVID-19 cases may conduct the correct control of the infection. Moreover, miR-423-5p might be a suitable biomarker in the early stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malena Gajate-Arenas
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38029, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Candela Sirvent-Blanco
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38029, Spain
| | - Omar García-Pérez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38029, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Angélica Domínguez-de-Barros
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38029, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - José E Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38029, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38200, Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38029, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38200, Spain.
| | - Elizabeth Córdoba-Lanús
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38029, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.
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Shahrebabak AG, Rezaei M, Shahpar A, Nezhad NZ, Sarasyabi MS, Nakhaie M, Shahrebabak MG, Bahri RA. The efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination in cystic fibrosis patients: a systematic review. BMC Infect Dis 2025; 25:358. [PMID: 40082759 PMCID: PMC11907974 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-025-10736-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025] Open
Abstract
This systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). A systematic search of major databases conducted between December 2019 and January 2024 identified eight cohort studies comprising 1,361 CF patients. Studies without subgroup analyses specific to CF patients were excluded, which may have limited the generalizability of findings, particularly for CF lung transplant recipients. COVID-19 vaccines generally induced robust serological responses following the second and third doses, although reduced antibody levels were observed in lung transplant recipients. Factors influencing humoral response included prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, age, inhaled corticosteroid use, and immunosuppressive therapy. Vaccination-related adverse events were predominantly mild. Although breakthrough infections were reported, severe COVID-19 outcomes were infrequent among vaccinated CF patients. The evidence supports the immunogenicity and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in the CF patients. However, individualized vaccination strategies may be necessary for CF lung transplant recipients and those on immunosuppressive therapies. Further research is essential to optimize vaccination strategies and to identify risk factors associated with breakthrough infections in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Gholami Shahrebabak
- Department of Pediatric ،Afzalipour Hospital, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoud Rezaei
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Shahpar
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nazanin Zeinali Nezhad
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sharifi Sarasyabi
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nakhaie
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholami Shahrebabak
- Department of Pediatrics, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Johnson LCM, Josiah Willock R, Simmons S, Moyd S, Geiger D, Ghali JK, Quarells RC. COVID-19 Prevention and Mitigation Decision-Making Processes While Navigating Chronic Disease Care: Perspectives of Black Adults with Heart Failure and Diabetes. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2025; 12:181-190. [PMID: 38702490 PMCID: PMC11531604 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01862-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure and diabetes are comorbidities that disproportionately contribute to high morbidity and mortality among Blacks. Further compounding the racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 health outcomes, Blacks with cardiometabolic diseases are at high risk of experiencing serious complications or mortality from COVID-19. This study aimed to assess how Blacks with heart failure and diabetes navigated chronic care management during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A mixed methods study including in-depth interviews and surveys with adults diagnosed with heart failure and diabetes (n = 17) was conducted in 2021-2022. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. RESULTS Participants reported that while the pandemic initially caused delays in access to health services, shifts to telemedicine allowed for continued care despite preferences for in-person appointments. Various sources of information were used in different ways to make decisions on how to best reduce health risks due to COVID-19, but individuals and institutions affiliated with science and medicine, or who promoted information from these sources, were considered to be the most trusted sources of information among those who relied on outside guidance when making health-related decisions. Individuals' self-awareness of their own high-risk status and perceived control over their exposure levels to the virus informed what COVID-19 prevention and mitigation strategies people used. CONCLUSION Information backed by scientific data was an important health communication tool that alongside other factors, such as fear of mortality due to COVID-19, encouraged individuals to get vaccinated and adopt other COVID-19 prevention and mitigation behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie C M Johnson
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Sierra Simmons
- Biology Department, Spelman College, 350 Spelman Lane SW, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarahna Moyd
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Demetrius Geiger
- Health Equity Programs Department, CHC: Creating Healthier Communities, 1199 North Fairfax Street, Alexandria, VA, USA
| | - Jalal K Ghali
- Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Kang S, You CH, Kwon YD. Factors affecting risk perception of COVID-19: differences by age and gender. Front Public Health 2025; 12:1484306. [PMID: 39911790 PMCID: PMC11794219 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1484306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Addressing emerging infectious diseases is a major task in public health. This study investigated the factors influencing the perception of risk related to COVID-19. Methods This study analyzed data from the 2020 Social Survey conducted nationwide in South Korea, targeting 34,909 individuals aged 13 years and older. Using an ordered logit regression model, we examined the relationship between COVID-19 risk perception and its predictors across age groups (20-44 years, 45-64 years, 65 years and older) and gender groups. The predictors included in the analysis model were demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, health and quality of life factors, levels of social trust, and climate change factors. Results The results demonstrated that COVID-19 risk perception was higher among older individuals and women compared with men. In the young population group (20-44 years), mental stress was related to COVID-19 risk perception, but this was not observed in other population groups. In the older adult population group (65 years and older), education level was related to COVID-19 risk perception, whereas this was not observed in the young population group. In the male group, economic variables such as income and employment status were related to COVID-19 risk perception, whereas in women, family-related variables such as marital status and housing type were related. In most subgroup analyses, lower income levels or lower life satisfaction were associated with higher COVID-19 risk perception. Discussion The findings of this study suggest that health authorities need to tailor their responses to COVID-19 risk perception based on different populations and social groups. For the older adult population with a high-risk perception, it is necessary to provide reliable information to reduce anxiety caused by excessive risk perception. For the young population, proactive responses from health authorities regarding mental health are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwook Kang
- Department of Health Services Management, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon You
- Department of Healthcare Policy, Seoul Public Health Research Institute, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Dae Kwon
- Department of Humanities and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Catholic Institute for Public Health and Healthcare Management, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Naz A, Chowdhury A, Pareek S, Kumar P, Poddar NK. A critical review on the active anti-viral metabolites of bioprospecting traditionally used plant species from semi-arid regions of the subcontinent. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 21:412-439. [PMID: 39382949 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2024-0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Plants are crucial medicinal resources, with 80 % of people relying on them for primary healthcare. The search for natural antiviral compounds is increasing, especially in semi-arid ecosystems where abiotic stress promotes the production of beneficial secondary metabolites. This review highlights semi-arid plants with the potential as functional foods to combat viral diseases and other illnesses. Literature was searched in databases like ScienceDirect to gather information on novel compounds from stress-tolerant semi-arid plant species. These compounds have potential uses in treating viral infections and other health issues such as diabetes and high blood pressure. The review screened 61 semi-arid plants known for their antiviral metabolites. Eight plants were identified with novel antiviral compounds. Key metabolites include agathisflavone, pectic arabinogalactan, azadirachtin, aloin, aloe-emodin, aloesaponarin I, allicin, terpenoids, chlorogenic acids, curcumin, chromones, β-sitosterol, lupeol, oleuropein, carissol, β-amyrin, and ∆-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Stress-tolerant semi-arid plants are significant sources of metabolites for treating infectious diseases and boosting immune systems. Further research on these metabolites in animal models is needed to verify their efficacy for treating human diseases during endemic and pandemic outbreaks, such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Naz
- Jindal School of Liberal Arts and Humanities, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Abhiroop Chowdhury
- Jindal School of Environment and Sustainability, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Shubhra Pareek
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Pushpendra Kumar
- Department of Physics, 385092 Manipal University Jaipur , Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar Poddar
- Department of Biosciences, 385092 Manipal University Jaipur , Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Gajate-Arenas M, García-Pérez O, Domínguez-De-Barros A, Sirvent-Blanco C, Dorta-Guerra R, García-Ramos A, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J, Córdoba-Lanús E. Differential Inflammatory and Immune Response to Viral Infection in the Upper-Airway and Peripheral Blood of Mild COVID-19 Cases. J Pers Med 2024; 14:1099. [PMID: 39590591 PMCID: PMC11595938 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14111099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2024] [Revised: 11/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/07/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES COVID-19 is characterised by a wide variety of clinical manifestations, and clinical tests and genetic analysis might help to predict patient outcomes. METHODS In the current study, the expression of genes related to immune response (CCL5, IFI6, OAS1, IRF9, IL1B, and TGFB1) was analysed in the upper airway and paired-blood samples from 25 subjects infected with SARS-CoV-2. Relative gene expression was determined by RT-qPCR. RESULTS CCL5 expression was higher in the blood than in the upper airway (p < 0.001). In addition, a negative correlation was found between IFI6 and viral load (p = 0.033) in the upper airway, suggesting that the IFI6 expression inhibits the viral infection. Concerning sex, women expressed IL1B and IRF9 in a higher proportion than men at a systemic level (p = 0.008 and p = 0.049, respectively). However, an increased expression of IRF9 was found in men compared to women in the upper airway (p = 0.046), which could be due to the protective effect of IRF9, especially in men. CONCLUSIONS The higher expression of CCL5 in blood might be due to the key role of this gene in the migration and recruitment of immune cells from the systemic circulation to the lungs. Our findings confirm the existence of sex differences in the immune response to early stages of the infection. Further studies in a larger cohort are necessary to corroborate the current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malena Gajate-Arenas
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-D.-B.); (C.S.-B.); (R.D.-G.); (A.G.-R.); (J.E.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Omar García-Pérez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-D.-B.); (C.S.-B.); (R.D.-G.); (A.G.-R.); (J.E.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angélica Domínguez-De-Barros
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-D.-B.); (C.S.-B.); (R.D.-G.); (A.G.-R.); (J.E.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Candela Sirvent-Blanco
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-D.-B.); (C.S.-B.); (R.D.-G.); (A.G.-R.); (J.E.P.)
| | - Roberto Dorta-Guerra
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-D.-B.); (C.S.-B.); (R.D.-G.); (A.G.-R.); (J.E.P.)
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Facultad de Ciencias, Sección de Matemáticas, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alma García-Ramos
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-D.-B.); (C.S.-B.); (R.D.-G.); (A.G.-R.); (J.E.P.)
| | - José E. Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-D.-B.); (C.S.-B.); (R.D.-G.); (A.G.-R.); (J.E.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-D.-B.); (C.S.-B.); (R.D.-G.); (A.G.-R.); (J.E.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Córdoba-Lanús
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-D.-B.); (C.S.-B.); (R.D.-G.); (A.G.-R.); (J.E.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Davis A, Copeland-Linder N, Phuong K, Belcher H, van Eck K. Hospitalisation and mortality among privately insured individuals with COVID-19 in the United States: The role of intellectual disabilities and Neurogenetic disorders. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2024; 68:573-584. [PMID: 38369907 PMCID: PMC11809292 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) and neurogenetic conditions (IDNDs) are at greater risk for comorbidities that may increase adverse outcomes for this population when they have coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The study aims are to examine the population-level odds of hospitalisation and mortality of privately insured individuals with COVID-19 with and without IDNDs IDs, controlling for sociodemographics and comorbid health conditions. METHODS This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study of 1174 individuals with IDs and neurogenetic conditions within a population of 752 237 de-identified, privately insured, US patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between February 2020 and September 2020. Odds of hospitalisation and mortality among COVID-19 patients with IDNDs adjusted for demographic characteristics, Health Resources and Services Administration region, states with Affordable Care Act and number of comorbid health conditions were analysed. RESULTS Patients with IDNDs overall had higher rates of COVID-19 hospitalisation than those without IDNDs (35.01% vs. 12.65%, P < .0001) and had higher rates of COVID-19 mortality than those without IDNDs (4.94% vs. .88%, P < .0001). Adjusting for sociodemographic factors only, the odds of being hospitalised for COVID-19 associated with IDNDs was 4.05 [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.56-4.61]. Adjusting for sociodemographic factors and comorbidity count, the odds of hospitalisation for COVID-19 associated with IDNDs was 1.42 (95% CI 1.25-1.61). The odds of mortality from COVID-19 for individuals with IDNDs adjusted for sociodemographic factors only was 4.65 (95% CI 3.47-6.24). The odds of mortality from COVID-19 for patients with IDNDs adjusted for sociodemographic factors and comorbidity count was 2.70 (95% CI 2.03-3.60). A major finding of the study was that even when considering the different demographic structure and generally higher disease burden of patients with IDNDs, having a IDND was an independent risk factor for increased hospitalisation and mortality compared with patients without IDNDs. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with IDNDs had significantly higher odds of hospitalisation and mortality after adjusting for sociodemographics. Results remained significant with a slight attenuation after adjusting for sociodemographics and comorbidities. Adjustments for comorbidity count demonstrated a dose-response increase in odds of both hospitalisation and mortality, illustrating the cumulative effect of health concerns on COVID-19 outcomes. Together, findings highlight that individuals with IDNDs experience vulnerability for negative COVID-19 health outcomes with implications for access to comprehensive healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Davis
- Disability Health Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N Copeland-Linder
- Psychology Department, Notre Dame of Maryland University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K Phuong
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - H Belcher
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Office for Health, Equity, Inclusion, and Diversity, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K van Eck
- Office for Health, Equity, Inclusion, and Diversity, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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10
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Cheng FWT, Yan VKC, Wan EYF, Chui CSL, Lai FTT, Wong CKH, Li X, Zhang IR, Tang SCW, Wong ICK, Chan EWY. Effectiveness of Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir in CKD Patients With COVID-19. Kidney Int Rep 2024; 9:1244-1253. [PMID: 38707795 PMCID: PMC11068947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Even with effective vaccines, patients with CKD have a higher risk of hospitalization and death subsequent to COVID-19 infection than those without CKD. Molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir have been approved for emergency use, but their effectiveness for the CKD population is still unknown. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of these drugs in reducing mortality and severe COVID-19 in the CKD population. Methods This was a target trial emulation study using electronic health databases in Hong Kong. Patients with CKD aged 18 years or older who were hospitalized with COVID-19 were included. The per-protocol average treatment effect among COVID-19 oral antiviral initiators, including all-cause mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and ventilatory support within 28 days, were compared to noninitiators. Results Antivirals have been found to lower the risk of all-cause mortality, with Molnupiravir at a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77 to 0.95] and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir at an HR of 0.78 [95% CI, 0.60 to 1.00]. However, they do not significantly reduce the risk of ICU admission (molnupiravir: HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.59 to 1.30]; nirmatrelvir-ritonavir: HR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.56 to 1.32]) or ventilatory support (molnupiravir: HR, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.76 to 1.33]; nirmatrelvir-ritonavir: HR, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.74 to 1.37]). There was a greater risk reduction in males and those with higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). The nirmatrelvir-ritonavir trial also showed reduced risk for those who had antiviral treatment and received 3 or more vaccine doses. Conclusion Both molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir reduced mortality rates for hospitalized COVID-19 patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Wing Tak Cheng
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vincent Ka Chun Yan
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eric Yuk Fai Wan
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Celine Sze Ling Chui
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Carlos King Ho Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xue Li
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Irene Ran Zhang
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Sydney Chi Wai Tang
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ian Chi Kei Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Aston Pharmacy School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Esther Wai Yin Chan
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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11
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Gajate-Arenas M, Fricke-Galindo I, García-Pérez O, Domínguez-de-Barros A, Pérez-Rubio G, Dorta-Guerra R, Buendía-Roldán I, Chávez-Galán L, Lorenzo-Morales J, Falfán-Valencia R, Córdoba-Lanús E. The Immune Response of OAS1, IRF9, and IFI6 Genes in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4632. [PMID: 38731851 PMCID: PMC11083791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is characterized by a wide range of clinical manifestations, where aging, underlying diseases, and genetic background are related to worse outcomes. In the present study, the differential expression of seven genes related to immunity, IRF9, CCL5, IFI6, TGFB1, IL1B, OAS1, and TFRC, was analyzed in individuals with COVID-19 diagnoses of different disease severities. Two-step RT-qPCR was performed to determine the relative gene expression in whole-blood samples from 160 individuals. The expression of OAS1 (p < 0.05) and IFI6 (p < 0.05) was higher in moderate hospitalized cases than in severe ones. Increased gene expression of OAS1 (OR = 0.64, CI = 0.52-0.79; p = 0.001), IRF9 (OR = 0.581, CI = 0.43-0.79; p = 0.001), and IFI6 (OR = 0.544, CI = 0.39-0.69; p < 0.001) was associated with a lower risk of requiring IMV. Moreover, TGFB1 (OR = 0.646, CI = 0.50-0.83; p = 0.001), CCL5 (OR = 0.57, CI = 0.39-0.83; p = 0.003), IRF9 (OR = 0.80, CI = 0.653-0.979; p = 0.03), and IFI6 (OR = 0.827, CI = 0.69-0.991; p = 0.039) expression was associated with patient survival. In conclusion, the relevance of OAS1, IRF9, and IFI6 in controlling the viral infection was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malena Gajate-Arenas
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-d.-B.); (R.D.-G.)
| | - Ingrid Fricke-Galindo
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (I.F.-G.); (G.P.-R.); (R.F.-V.)
| | - Omar García-Pérez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-d.-B.); (R.D.-G.)
| | - Angélica Domínguez-de-Barros
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-d.-B.); (R.D.-G.)
| | - Gloria Pérez-Rubio
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (I.F.-G.); (G.P.-R.); (R.F.-V.)
| | - Roberto Dorta-Guerra
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-d.-B.); (R.D.-G.)
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Sciences, Mathematics Section, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ivette Buendía-Roldán
- Translational Research Laboratory on Aging and Pulmonary Fibrosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Leslie Chávez-Galán
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-d.-B.); (R.D.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Toxicology, Legal and Forensic Medicine and Parasitology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (I.F.-G.); (G.P.-R.); (R.F.-V.)
| | - Elizabeth Córdoba-Lanús
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-d.-B.); (R.D.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Steinberg J, Hughes S, Hui H, Allsop MJ, Egger S, David M, Caruana M, Coxeter P, Carle C, Onyeka T, Rewais I, Monroy Iglesias MJ, Vives N, Wei F, Abila DB, Carreras G, Santero M, O’Dowd EL, Lui G, Tolani MA, Mullooly M, Lee SF, Landy R, Hanley SJB, Binefa G, McShane CM, Gizaw M, Selvamuthu P, Boukheris H, Nakaganda A, Ergin I, Moraes FY, Timilshina N, Kumar A, Vale DB, Molina-Barceló A, Force LM, Campbell DJ, Wang Y, Wan F, Baker AL, Singh R, Salam RA, Yuill S, Shah R, Lansdorp-Vogelaar I, Yusuf A, Aggarwal A, Murillo R, Torode JS, Kliewer EV, Bray F, Chan KKW, Peacock S, Hanna TP, Ginsburg O, Hemelrijck MV, Sullivan R, Roitberg F, Ilbawi AM, Soerjomataram I, Canfell K. Risk of COVID-19 death for people with a pre-existing cancer diagnosis prior to COVID-19-vaccination: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1394-1412. [PMID: 38083979 PMCID: PMC10922788 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
While previous reviews found a positive association between pre-existing cancer diagnosis and COVID-19-related death, most early studies did not distinguish long-term cancer survivors from those recently diagnosed/treated, nor adjust for important confounders including age. We aimed to consolidate higher-quality evidence on risk of COVID-19-related death for people with recent/active cancer (compared to people without) in the pre-COVID-19-vaccination period. We searched the WHO COVID-19 Global Research Database (20 December 2021), and Medline and Embase (10 May 2023). We included studies adjusting for age and sex, and providing details of cancer status. Risk-of-bias assessment was based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled adjusted odds or risk ratios (aORs, aRRs) or hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using generic inverse-variance random-effects models. Random-effects meta-regressions were used to assess associations between effect estimates and time since cancer diagnosis/treatment. Of 23 773 unique title/abstract records, 39 studies were eligible for inclusion (2 low, 17 moderate, 20 high risk of bias). Risk of COVID-19-related death was higher for people with active or recently diagnosed/treated cancer (general population: aOR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.36-1.61, I2 = 0; people with COVID-19: aOR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.41-1.77, I2 = 0.58; inpatients with COVID-19: aOR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.34-2.06, I2 = 0.98). Risks were more elevated for lung (general population: aOR = 3.4, 95% CI: 2.4-4.7) and hematological cancers (general population: aOR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.68-2.68, I2 = 0.43), and for metastatic cancers. Meta-regression suggested risk of COVID-19-related death decreased with time since diagnosis/treatment, for example, for any/solid cancers, fitted aOR = 1.55 (95% CI: 1.37-1.75) at 1 year and aOR = 0.98 (95% CI: 0.80-1.20) at 5 years post-cancer diagnosis/treatment. In conclusion, before COVID-19-vaccination, risk of COVID-19-related death was higher for people with recent cancer, with risk depending on cancer type and time since diagnosis/treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Steinberg
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Suzanne Hughes
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Harriet Hui
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew J Allsop
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Egger
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael David
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Michael Caruana
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter Coxeter
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chelsea Carle
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tonia Onyeka
- Department of Anaesthesia/Pain & Palliative Care Unit, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Ituku-Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
- IVAN Research Institute, Enugu, Enugu Stata, Nigeria
| | - Isabel Rewais
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maria J Monroy Iglesias
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), Centre for Cancer, Society, and Public Health, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nuria Vives
- Cancer Screening Unit, Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO), Early Detection of Cancer Group, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Ciber Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Feixue Wei
- Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Giulia Carreras
- Oncologic Network, Prevention and Research Institute (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Marilina Santero
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, IIB Sant Pau-Servei d’Epidemiologia Clínica i Salut Pública, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emma L O’Dowd
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gigi Lui
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Maeve Mullooly
- School of Population Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shing Fung Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Tuen Mun Hospital, New Territories West Cluster, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rebecca Landy
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville MD, United States
| | - Sharon JB Hanley
- Department of Academic Primary Care, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Gemma Binefa
- Cancer Screening Unit,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Early Detection of Cancer Research Group, EPIBELL Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Charlene M McShane
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Institute of Clinical Sciences Block B, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Muluken Gizaw
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
- NCD Working Group, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
| | - Poongulali Selvamuthu
- Chennai Antiviral Research and Treatment Center and Clinical Research Site (CART CRS), Infectious Diseases Medical Center, Voluntary Health Services, Chennai, India
| | - Houda Boukheris
- University Abderrahmane Mira of Bejaia, School of Medicine, Algeria
- Departement of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Annet Nakaganda
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Clinical Trials, Uganda Cancer Institute, Uganda
| | - Isil Ergin
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Turkey
| | - Fabio Ynoe Moraes
- Department of Oncology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nahari Timilshina
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences-Patna, Patna, India
| | - Diama B Vale
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - Ana Molina-Barceló
- Cancer and Public Health Research Unit, Biomedical Research Foundation FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lisa M Force
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Washington, United States
| | - Denise Joan Campbell
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuqing Wang
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fang Wan
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anna-Lisa Baker
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ramnik Singh
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rehana Abdus Salam
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Susan Yuill
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richa Shah
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aasim Yusuf
- Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Lahore & Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ajay Aggarwal
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Oncology, Guy’s & St Thomas NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Raul Murillo
- Centro Javeriano De Oncologia - Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julie S Torode
- Institute of Cancer Policy, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Research Oncology, Bermondsey Wing, Guy’s Hospital, SE1 9RT, London, United Kingdom
| | - Erich V Kliewer
- Department of Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Freddie Bray
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kelvin KW Chan
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stuart Peacock
- Department of Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Timothy P Hanna
- Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Cancer Research Institute at Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Oncology and Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ophira Ginsburg
- Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute, Maryland, United States
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), Centre for Cancer, Society, and Public Health, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Sullivan
- Institute of Cancer Policy, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Felipe Roitberg
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases, World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
- Rede Ebserh, Rede Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | | | - Karen Canfell
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
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Kim JH, Yoon D, Ko HY, Jung K, Sunwoo JS, Shin WC, Byun JI, Shin JY. Risk of encephalitis and meningitis after COVID-19 vaccination in South Korea: a self-controlled case series analysis. BMC Med 2024; 22:123. [PMID: 38486297 PMCID: PMC10941581 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03347-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several neurological manifestations shortly after a receipt of coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine have been described in the recent case reports. Among those, we sought to evaluate the risk of encephalitis and meningitis after COVID-19 vaccination in the entire South Korean population. METHODS We conducted self-controlled case series (SCCS) analysis using the COVID-19 immunization record data from the Korea Disease Control Agency between February 2021 and March 2022, linked with the National Health Insurance Database between January 2021 and October 2022. We retrieved all medical claims of adults aged 18 years or older who received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1-S, or Ad26.COV2.S), and included only those who had a diagnosis record for encephalitis or meningitis within the 240-day post-vaccination period. With day 0 defined as the date of vaccination, risk window was defined as days 1-28 and the control window as the remainder period excluding the risk windows within the 240-day period. We used conditional Poisson regression to estimate the incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), stratified by dose and vaccine type. RESULTS From 129,956,027 COVID-19 vaccine doses administered to 44,564,345 individuals, there were 251 and 398 cases of encephalitis and meningitis during the risk window, corresponding to 1.9 and 3.1 cases per 1 million doses, respectively. Overall, there was an increased risk of encephalitis in the first 28 days of COVID-19 vaccination (IRR 1.26; 95% CI 1.08-1.47), which was only significant after a receipt of ChAdOx1-S (1.49; 1.03-2.15). For meningitis, no increased risk was observed after any dose of COVID-19 vaccine (IRR 1.03; 95% CI 0.91-1.16). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest an overall increased risk of encephalitis after COVID-19 vaccination. However, the absolute risk was small and should not impede COVID-19 vaccine confidence. No significant association was found between the risk of meningitis and COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hwan Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Dongwon Yoon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hwa Yeon Ko
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Kyungyeon Jung
- Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jun-Sang Sunwoo
- Department of Neurology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Chul Shin
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Ick Byun
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.
- Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
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14
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Hye MA, Biswas MHA, Uddin MF, Rahman MM. A mathematical model for the transmission of co-infection with COVID-19 and kidney disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5680. [PMID: 38454115 PMCID: PMC10920798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56399-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The world suffers from the acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19 pandemic, which will be scary if other co-existing illnesses exacerbate it. The co-occurrence of the COVID-19 virus with kidney disease has not been available in the literature. So, further research needs to be conducted to reveal the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 and kidney disease. This study aims to create mathematical models to understand how COVID-19 interacts with kidney diseases in specific populations. Therefore, the initial step was to formulate a deterministic Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) mathematical model to depict the co-infection dynamics of COVID-19 and kidney disease. A mathematical model with seven compartments has been developed using nonlinear ordinary differential equations. This model incorporates the invariant region, disease-free and endemic equilibrium, along with the positivity solution. The basic reproduction number, calculated via the next-generation matrix, allows us to assess the stability of the equilibrium. Sensitivity analysis is also utilised to understand the influence of each parameter on disease spread or containment. The results show that a surge in COVID-19 infection rates and the existence of kidney disease significantly enhances the co-infection risks. Numerical simulations further clarify the potential outcomes of treating COVID-19 alone, kidney disease alone, and co-infected cases. The study of the potential model can be utilised to maximise the benefits of simulation to minimise the global health complexity of COVID-19 and kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Hye
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology (BUBT), Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh.
- Department of Mathematics, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | | | - Mohammed Forhad Uddin
- Department of Mathematics, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Md M Rahman
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh.
- School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
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15
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Tsikala Vafea M, Traboulsi C, Stefanovic-Racic M. Lower Glycosylated Hemoglobin Is Associated With Lower In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis. Endocr Pract 2024; 30:70-77. [PMID: 37769967 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Poor glycemic control during COVID-19 hospitalization is associated with higher mortality. However, the association between long-term glycemic control, as reflected by the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and outcomes has yet to be clarified, with some studies reporting no association. The aim of this study is to determine the association between HbA1c and in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19. METHODS Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for studies examining the association between HbA1c level and in-hospital COVID-19 mortality. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots. RESULTS Among 4142 results, 22 studies were included in the final analysis with a total of 11 220 patients. Lower Hba1c was associated with lower in-hospital mortality [odds ratio (OR), 0.53; 95% CI, 0.37-0.76; I2 81%], in using HbA1c as a dichotomous variable. When only patients with diabetes were included in the analysis, the association remained statistically significant (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.47-0.96). In the subgroup analysis, the association remained statistically significant in studies using as cutoff the HbA1c value of 6.5% (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15-0.77) and 7% (OR, 0.54; 95% CI 0.32-0.90), but not with greater HbA1c cutoff values; 7.5% and ≥8%. In studies using HbA1C as a continuous variable, HbA1c level did not have a statistically significant association with in-hospital mortality, either in univariate or multivariate analyses. CONCLUSION A better glycemic control prior to hospitalization, as reflected by lower HbA1c, is associated with lower in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsikala Vafea
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Cindy Traboulsi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Maja Stefanovic-Racic
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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16
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Hasani‐Moghadam S, Vedadhir AA, Alijani F, Azizi M, Khani S. Meaning and lived experience of Iranian COVID-19 survivors: A phenomenological study. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3359. [PMID: 38376053 PMCID: PMC10761327 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Coronavirus (COVID-19) is among the most contagious diseases worldwide. During the first peak of the illness, COVID-19 was considered a considerable crisis for survivors. This qualitative study explored the meaning and lived experience of Iranian COVID-19 survivors. This qualitative study was conducted in Iran sometime after the onset of the coronavirus in 2020. METHODS This interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was performed on twenty survivors of COVID-19 disease, recruited through the purposeful sampling method via in-depth semistructured interviews. The interviews were recorded and transcribed, and several codes were extracted. Data were analyzed using the MAXQDA software (v. 12). RESULTS The main themes and subthemes obtained from the data analysis included (1) Taboo and stigma: COVID-19 as a monster, feelings of social exclusion and loneliness, an obvious sign of shamelessness and maltreatment, (2) God's predestination: God's will and test, COVID-19 as a wake-up call to remind low human power, (3) Shadow of death: The fear of death after positive test results, death is closer than the jugular vein, the mourning of a loved one's death, and mourning for an untimely death, (4) Caregivers as an angel: Family as an unrepentant supportive, know the level of family love and attention, and (5) Rebirth and new life: understand the higher value of health and pay more attention to self-care behavior, and God gives us a golden chance to experience a better life. CONCLUSIONS According to the results of this study, COVID-19 survivors experience various issues regarding the nature of the disease, coping with the illness, and their social and psychological status affected by COVID-19. Considering the multidimensional supportive programs, increasing public awareness and changing negative attitudes toward the patients and survivors of the pandemic for better rehabilitation and adjustment is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Hasani‐Moghadam
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Nasibeh Nursing and Midwifery SchoolMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Abou Ali Vedadhir
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of AnthropologyUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Fatemeh Alijani
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Nasibeh Nursing and Midwifery SchoolMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Marzieh Azizi
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Research CenterMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Soghra Khani
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Sexual and Reproductive Health Research CenterMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
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Alegría-Baños JA, Rosas-Alvarado MA, Jiménez-López JC, Juárez-Muciño M, Méndez-Celis CA, Enríquez-De Los Santos ST, Valdez-Vázquez RR, Prada-Ortega D. Sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics and risk factors for mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at alternate care site: a Latin American experience. Ann Med 2023; 55:2224049. [PMID: 37322999 PMCID: PMC10281393 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2224049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The establishment of Alternate Care Sites (ACS) helped the most severely impacted countries expand their response capability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with the mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at Alternate Care Site in Mexico City. PATIENTS AND METHODS A monocentric cohort study was conducted at Mexico City's Temporary Unit COVID-19 (UTC-19). Sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory and treatment variables were included in the analysis. RESULTS A total of 4865 patients were included, with a mean age of 49.33 years ± SD 15.28 years (IQR 38 to 60 years); 50.53% were women. 63.53% of the patients presented at least one comorbidity, the most frequent being: obesity (39.94%), systemic arterial hypertension (25.14%), and diabetes mellitus (21.52%). A total of 4549 patients (93.50%) were discharged due to improvement, 64 patients (1.31%) requested voluntary discharge, 39 patients (0.80%) were referred to another unit, and 213 patients (4.37%) died. Factors that were independently and significantly associated with death included male gender (odds ratio [OR], 1.60), age ≥ 50 years (OR 14.75), null or low schooling (OR 3.47), have at least one comorbidity (OR 3.26), atrial fibrillation (OR 22.14). In the multivariate analysis, the lymphopenia ≤ 1 × 103/μL (OR 1.91), and having required steroid treatment (OR 2.85), supplemental oxygen with high-flow nasal cannula (OR 3.12) or invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 42.52), was significantly associated with an increased risk of death. CONCLUSIONS This study identified the clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at ACS in Mexico City.KEY MESSAGESAn Alternate Care Site (ACS) is any building or structure that is temporarily converted or constructed for healthcare use during a public health emergency.Factors associated with death included male gender, age over 50 years, and lower educational attainment (elementary school or less).The findings corroborate the utility of the CALL score as a predictor of mortality; lymphopenia ≤1 × 103/μL was the most relevant biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Montserrat A. Rosas-Alvarado
- General Directorate for the Provision of Medical Services and Emergencies, Mexico City Health Secretariat, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José C. Jiménez-López
- Postgraduate in Earth Sciences, Institute of Geology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcos Juárez-Muciño
- General Directorate for the Provision of Medical Services and Emergencies, Mexico City Health Secretariat, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos A. Méndez-Celis
- Laboratory of Immunotherapy and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Diddier Prada-Ortega
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, NY, USA
- Institute for Health Equity Research, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York City, NY, USA
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18
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Gunawardena SA, Dassanayake N, Keerawelle BI, Kanthasamy S, Ranganatha H, Gunawardana JW. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the trends and characteristics of natural and unnatural deaths in an urban Sri Lankan cohort viewed through retrospective analysis of forensic death investigations from 2019 to 2022. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2023; 14:468-482. [PMID: 38204426 PMCID: PMC10788415 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a severe impact on global health. Apart from the disease itself, the strict restrictions and lockdowns enforced to minimize its spread have also substantially disrupted personal and public health. METHODS An analysis of forensic autopsy investigations was conducted between 2019 and 2022 on a selected urban population in Colombo, Sri Lanka, assessing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality within these communities. RESULTS During the COVID-19 restrictions, there was a 2.5-fold increase in the total number of deaths, with a significantly higher percentage of female deaths than before. The majority of these deaths were due to cardiovascular causes, while COVID-19-related deaths ranked third overall. The highest proportion of COVID-19 deaths occurred among unvaccinated females. The monthly frequency of deaths from traffic accidents, poisoning, and asphyxiation decreased, while deaths from blunt trauma, sharp trauma, burns, and immersion increased. There was also a rise in blunt homicides and a greater number of femicides during the COVID-19 restrictions than in the pre-pandemic period. A significantly higher percentage of males who received the COVID-19 vaccine died from cardiovascular causes compared to those in the unvaccinated group. CONCLUSION The significant changes in mortality demographics and causes of death within this community during the COVID-19 restrictions underscore the disruption in healthcare, healthseeking behavior, and social interactions during this period. The vulnerability of individuals residing in highly urbanized areas with lower socioeconomic status, particularly women, is brought into sharp focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameera Anuruddha Gunawardena
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nishani Dassanayake
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Shivasankarie Kanthasamy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Hasini Ranganatha
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Jayani Wathsala Gunawardana
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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Kone AP, Martin L, Scharf D, Gabriel H, Dean T, Costa I, Saskin R, Palma L, Wodchis WP. The impact of multimorbidity on severe COVID-19 outcomes in community and congregate settings. DIALOGUES IN HEALTH 2023; 2:100128. [PMID: 37006909 PMCID: PMC10043958 DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study examined the impact of multimorbidity on severe COVID-19 outcomes in community and long-term care (LTC) settings, alone and in interaction with age and sex. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all Ontarians who tested positive for COVID-19 between January-2020 and May-2021 with follow-up until June 2021. We used cox regression to evaluate the adjusted impact of multimorbidity, individual characteristics, and interactions on time to hospitalization and death (any cause). Results 24.5% of the cohort had 2 or more pre-existing conditions. Multimorbidity was associated with 28% to 170% shorter time to hospitalization and death, respectively. However, predictors of hospitalization and death differed for people living in community and LTC. In community, increasing multimorbidity and age predicted shortened time to hospitalization and death. In LTC, we found none of the predictors examined were associated with time to hospitalization, except for increasing age that predicted reduced time to death up to 40.6 times. Sex was a predictor across all settings and outcomes: among male the risk of hospitalization or death was higher shortly after infection (e.g. HR for males at 14 days = 30.3) while among female risk was higher for both outcome in the longer term (e.g. HR for males at 150 days = 0.16). Age and sex modified the impact of multimorbidity in the community. Conclusion Community-focused public health measures should be targeted and consider sociodemographic and clinical characteristics such as multimorbidity. In LTC settings, further research is needed to identify factors that may contribute to improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pefoyo Kone
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
- Behavioural Research and Northern Community Health Evaluative Services (Branches) Lab, Lakehead University, Canada
- Health System Performance Network (HSPN), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging and Health (CERAH), Thunder Bay, Canada
- Centre for Rural and Northern Health Research (CraNHR), Thunder Bay, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lynn Martin
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
- Behavioural Research and Northern Community Health Evaluative Services (Branches) Lab, Lakehead University, Canada
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging and Health (CERAH), Thunder Bay, Canada
| | - Deborah Scharf
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
- Behavioural Research and Northern Community Health Evaluative Services (Branches) Lab, Lakehead University, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
| | - Helen Gabriel
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
- Behavioural Research and Northern Community Health Evaluative Services (Branches) Lab, Lakehead University, Canada
| | - Tamara Dean
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
- Behavioural Research and Northern Community Health Evaluative Services (Branches) Lab, Lakehead University, Canada
| | - Idevania Costa
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging and Health (CERAH), Thunder Bay, Canada
- Centre for Rural and Northern Health Research (CraNHR), Thunder Bay, Canada
- School of Nursing, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
| | | | | | - Walter P. Wodchis
- Health System Performance Network (HSPN), Toronto, ON, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Better Health, Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, ON, Canada
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20
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Jose MM, Feng J, Nguyen HT, Juneau C, Manakatt BM, Barnett J, Jones JL, Raji M. The Influence of Comorbidities, General Health Status, and Self-Care Self-Efficacy on COVID-19 Symptoms During the Omicron Wave. Cureus 2023; 15:e49176. [PMID: 38130505 PMCID: PMC10734555 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The emergence of the less virulent COVID-19 strains such as Omicron and its subvariants shifted the paradigm of COVID-19 treatment from inpatient treatment to regular outpatient care. The individual health determinants affecting COVID-19 disease severity among vulnerable adults treated in outpatient settings are an under-researched area. Methods This study conducted in an outpatient COVID-19 antibody infusion center employed a cross-sectional survey design to explore the impact of comorbidities, general health status, and self-care self-efficacy on COVID-19 symptom severity. We recruited 120 COVID-19-positive participants over 40 years of age, of which 117 completed the study with 87 providing complete data. After the screening and consenting process, the participants completed the following surveys in a secure REDCap survey software (Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA) on an iPad (Apple Inc., Cupertino, USA): 1) sociodemographic questionnaire, 2) Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to capture comorbidities, 3) Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form (SF-12) to assess general health including physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) health subscales, 4) Self-Care Self-Efficacy Scale (SCSES) to measure self-care self-efficacy, and 5) the COVID-19 Symptom rating scale (COVID-19 SRS). Statistical analysis used were Chi-square and Pearson correlations. Results As evidenced by CCI, the top five comorbidities were hypertension (42%), diabetes mellitus (31%), pulmonary disease (19%), depression (14%), and solid tumors (11%). Age was statistically significantly correlated to comorbidity burden (p<0.0001). Severe COVID-19 symptoms reported were fatigue, myalgia, cough, runny nose, and sore throat. The general health status measure (SF-12) subscales showed that the patient's mental component summary (MCS) was more statistically significant to COVID-19 symptom severity than the physical component summary (PCS). The MCS demonstrated a statistically significant correlation with fatigue and myalgia (p<0.0001), headache and breathing difficulties (p<0.001), nausea/vomiting (p<0.01), and abdominal pain/diarrhea (p<0.05). The PCS showed a lesser statistically significant correlation with fatigue, myalgia, headaches (p<0.01), fever/chills, cough, congestion/runny nose, night sweats, breathing difficulties, nausea/vomiting, and abdominal pain/diarrhea (p<0.05). Interestingly, the 'loss of smell' which is the hallmark symptom of COVID-19 was the only symptom that showed a statically significant correlation with the Charlson Comorbidity Index (p<0.05), and it did not show any association with either mental (SF-12 MCS) or physical (SF-12 PCS) health status. The SF-12 MCS also showed a statistically significant correlation with a diagnosis of depression (p< 0.01), validating it as a true measure of mental health among vulnerable adults. The SCSES was not correlated with any of the COVID-19 symptoms. Conclusions The patient's general health status, especially mental health was more statistically significant to COVID-19 symptoms. The COVID-19 hallmark symptom of 'loss of smell' was the only symptom that showed statistical significance with comorbidities. Within the limitations of a cross-sectional survey design and convenient sampling methods, this study calls to tailor general health status, especially mental health, and cumulative comorbidity burden to risk assessment/risk stratification of COVID-19 care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mini M Jose
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
| | - Juan Feng
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
| | - Hoang T Nguyen
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
| | - Cheryl Juneau
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
| | - Bushra M Manakatt
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
| | - Jennifer Barnett
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
| | - Jennifer L Jones
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
| | - Mukaila Raji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics & Palliative Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
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21
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Ngaosuwan K, Soonklang K, Warakul C, Auewarakul C, Mahanonda N. Protection of inactivated vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with comorbidities: a prospective cohort study. Front Med 2023; 17:867-877. [PMID: 37434065 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-0995-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection of inactivated vaccines is not well characterized in people with comorbidities, who are at high risk of severe infection. We compared the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection after complete vaccination with Sinopharm/BBIBP in people with comorbidities (e.g., autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, and diabetes) with healthy individuals using a Cox-proportional hazard model. In July-September 2021, a total of 10 548 people (comorbidities, 2143; healthy, 8405) receiving the complete primary series of vaccination with Sinopharm/BBIBP in Bangkok, Thailand were prospectively followed for SARS-CoV-2 infection through text messaging and telephone interviewing for 6 months. A total of 295 infections from 284 participants were found. HRs (95% CI) of individuals with any comorbidities did not increase (unadjusted, 1.02 (0.77-1.36), P = 0.89; adjusted, 1.04 (0.78-1.38), P = 0.81). HRs significantly increased in the subgroup of autoimmune diseases (unadjusted, 2.64 (1.09-6.38), P = 0.032; adjusted, 4.45 (1.83-10.83), P = 0.001) but not in cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, or diabetes. The protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection of the Sinopharm vaccine was similar in participants with any comorbidities vs. healthy individuals. However, the protection appeared lower in the subgroup of autoimmune diseases, which may reflect suboptimal immune responses among these people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchana Ngaosuwan
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand.
| | - Kamonwan Soonklang
- Data Management Unit, Centre of Learning and Research in Celebration of HRH Princess Chulabhorn's 60th Birthday Anniversary, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Chawin Warakul
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Chirayu Auewarakul
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Nithi Mahanonda
- Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
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22
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Idemoto K, Niitsu T, Shiina A, Kobori O, Onodera M, Ota K, Miyazawa A, Tachibana M, Kimura M, Seki R, Hashimoto T, Yoshimura K, Ito S, Nakazato M, Igarashi Y, Shimizu E, Iyo M. Association between precautionary behaviors against coronavirus disease and psychosocial factors in outpatients with a pre-existing disease and their attendants. PCN REPORTS : PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES 2023; 2:e141. [PMID: 38867827 PMCID: PMC11114330 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
AIM The spread of the novel coronavirus infection (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) has caused behavioral changes and mental illness in patients and their attendants during its early phase. The present study aimed to examine the association between precautionary behaviors against COVID-19 and psychosocial factors in outpatients with pre-existing disease and their attendants. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional paper-based questionnaire survey in Chiba University Hospital on 1019 patients and 513 attendants, and a web-based questionnaire survey in Japan on 3981 individuals from the general population. We evaluated the participants' anxiety about COVID-19, depression, health anxiety, and precautionary behaviors. RESULTS Regarding knowledge and anxiety about COVID-19, the protective factors for the high precautionary behaviors group were knowledge of COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.178, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.099-1.263), anxiety about the spread of COVID-19 (OR = 1.348, 95% CI: 1.243-1.461), and anxiety about infecting someone with COVID-19 (OR = 1.135, 95% CI: 1.039-0.239). Regarding psychosocial factors, the protective factors for the high precautionary behaviors group were patients (OR = 1.759, 95% CI: 1.056-2.929), their attendants (OR = 3.892, 95% CI: 1.416-10.700), health anxiety (OR = 2.005, 95% CI: 1.451-2.772), and nondepression states (OR = 1.368, 95% CI: 1.004-1.864). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that patients and their attendants may perform high precautionary behaviors. Health anxiety and nondepression states may be associated with high precautionary behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Idemoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Tomihisa Niitsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Akihiro Shiina
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Forensic Mental HealthChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Osamu Kobori
- Department of PsychologyInternational University of Health and WelfareAkasakaJapan
| | - Misaki Onodera
- Department of Medical Education, Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Kiyomitsu Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Atsuhiro Miyazawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Masumi Tachibana
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Makoto Kimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Ryota Seki
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Tasuku Hashimoto
- Department of PsychiatryInternational University of Health and WelfareNaritaJapan
| | - Kensuke Yoshimura
- Center for Next Generation of Community HealthChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Shoichi Ito
- Department of Medical Education, Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Michiko Nakazato
- Department of PsychiatryInternational University of Health and WelfareNaritaJapan
| | - Yoshito Igarashi
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Forensic Mental HealthChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Eiji Shimizu
- Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology, Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Masaomi Iyo
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Forensic Mental HealthChiba UniversityChibaJapan
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23
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Colamatteo A, Fusco C, Micillo T, D'Hooghe T, de Candia P, Alviggi C, Longobardi S, Matarese G. Immunobiology of pregnancy: from basic science to translational medicine. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:711-725. [PMID: 37331882 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Embryo implantation failure and spontaneous abortions represent the main causes of infertility in developed countries. Unfortunately, incomplete knowledge of the multiple factors involved in implantation and fetal development keeps the success rate of medically assisted procreation techniques relatively low. According to recent literature, cellular and molecular mechanisms of 'immunogenic tolerance' towards the embryo are crucial to establish an 'anti-inflammatory' state permissive of a healthy pregnancy. In this review we dissect the role played by the immune system in the endometrial-embryo crosstalk, with a particular emphasis towards the fork-head-box-p3 (Foxp3+) CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and discuss the most recent therapeutic advances in the context of early immune-mediated pregnancy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Colamatteo
- Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Clorinda Fusco
- Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy; Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale "G. Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy
| | - Teresa Micillo
- Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Thomas D'Hooghe
- Global Medical Affairs Fertility, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany; Research Group Reproductive Medicine, Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ Systems, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Paola de Candia
- Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Carlo Alviggi
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy; Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale "G. Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy.
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24
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Hogarth M, John D, Li Y, Wang-Rodriguez J, Chakladar J, Li WT, Mehta SR, Jain S, Ongkeko WM. Clinical characteristics and comorbidities associated with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection in the University of California Healthcare Systems. Am J Med Sci 2023; 366:102-113. [PMID: 37146904 PMCID: PMC10155464 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2023.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the degree to which clinical comorbidities or combinations of comorbidities are associated with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS A breakthrough infection was defined as a positive test at least 14 days after a full vaccination regimen. Logistic regression was used to calculate aORs, which were adjusted for age, sex, and race information. RESULTS A total of 110,380 patients from the UC CORDS database were included. After adjustment, stage 5 CKD due to hypertension (aOR: 7.33; 95% CI: 4.86-10.69; p<.001; power=1) displayed higher odds of infection than any other comorbidity. Lung transplantation history (aOR: 4.79; 95% CI: 3.25-6.82; p<.001; power= 1), coronary atherosclerosis (aOR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.77-2.52; p<.001; power=1), and vitamin D deficiency (aOR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.69-2.06; p<.001; power=1) were significantly correlated to breakthrough infection. Patients with obesity in addition to essential hypertension (aOR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.51-2.01; p<.001; power=1) and anemia (aOR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.47-2.19; p<.001; power=1) were at additional risk of breakthrough infection compared to those with essential hypertension and anemia alone. CONCLUSIONS Further measures should be taken to prevent breakthrough infection for individuals with these conditions, such as acquiring additional doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine to boost immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hogarth
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel John
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Wang-Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Pathology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jaideep Chakladar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Wei Tse Li
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sanjay R Mehta
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sharad Jain
- The University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Weg M Ongkeko
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
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25
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Hikone M, Shibahashi K, Fukuda M, Shimoyama Y, Yamakawa K, Endo A, Hayakawa M, Ogura T, Hirayama A, Yasunaga H, Tagami T. Risk Factors Associated with Mortality among Mechanically Ventilated Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia: A Multicenter Cohort Study in Japan (J-RECOVER Study). Intern Med 2023; 62:2187-2194. [PMID: 37121748 PMCID: PMC10465271 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1740-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Mortality analyses of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation in Japan are limited. The present study therefore determined the risk factors for mortality in patients with COVID-19 requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods This retrospective cohort study used the dataset from the Japanese multicenter research of COVID-19 by assembling real-word data (J-RECOVER) study that was conducted between January 1 and September 31, 2020. Independent risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality were evaluated using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Kaplan-Meier estimates of the survival were calculated for different age groups. A subgroup analysis was performed to assess differences in survival rates according to additional risk factors, including an older age and chronic pulmonary disease. Patients A total of 561 patients were eligible. The median age was 67 (interquartile range: 56-75) years old, 442 (78.8%) were men, and 151 (26.9%) died in the hospital. Results Age, chronic pulmonary disease, and renal disease were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality. Compared with patients 18-54 years old, the adjusted odds ratios of patients 55-64, 65-74, and 75-94 years old were 3.34 (95% CI, 1.34-8.31), 7.07 (95% CI, 3.05-16.40), and 18.43 (95% CI, 7.94-42.78), respectively. Conclusion Age, chronic pulmonary disease, and renal disease were independently associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, and age was the most decisive indicator of a poor prognosis. Our results may aid in formulating treatment strategies and allocating healthcare resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Hikone
- Tertiary Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Japan
| | - Keita Shibahashi
- Tertiary Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fukuda
- Senri Critical Care Medical Center, Saiseikai Senri Hospital, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Shimoyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Unit, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Kazuma Yamakawa
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Akira Endo
- Trauma and Acute Critical Care Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital, Japan
| | - Mineji Hayakawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ogura
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Tochigi Prefectural Emergency and Critical Care Center, Imperial Gift Foundation Saiseikai, Utsunomiya Hospital, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hirayama
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Hideo Yasunaga
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Tagami
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, Japan
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26
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Wong RJ, Zhang Y, Thamer M. Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis are Associated with Worse Outcomes Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2023; 13:592-600. [PMID: 36777086 PMCID: PMC9894759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Studies evaluating the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on chronic liver disease (CLD) are limited and have focused mostly on hospitalized patients or those with cirrhosis. We aim to evaluate the impact of underlying CLD on patient outcomes following COVID-19 using a one of the largest COVID-19+CLD cohorts to date. Methods Data from the COVID-19 Research Database (https://covid19researchdatabase.org) were evaluated from April 1, 2020, to August 31, 2021, to determine whether concurrent CLD was associated with worse outcomes within 30 day of COVID-19 diagnosis, including need for hospitalization, pneumonia, severe pneumonia, respiratory failure, and multiorgan failure. Among patients with COVID-19+CLD, risks of liver decompensation and acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) were evaluated, stratified by presence of cirrhosis. Adjusted multivariate logistic regression models evaluated the impact of CLD on COVID-19 outcomes. Results In total, 1,208,905 unique patients with COVID-19 were identified; 44,008 (3.6%) had concurrent CLD, among which 6515 (14.8%) had cirrhosis. Compared to patients without CLD, COVID-19+CLD patients were significantly more likely to require hospitalization (aOR 1.65, 95% CI 1.61-1.69), develop pneumonia (aOR 1.11, 95% CI 1.08-1.14), severe pneumonia (aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.62-1.86), respiratory failure (aOR 1.14, 95% CI 1.10-1.17), and multiorgan failure (aOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.72-1.97), P < 0.0001 for all. Among COVID-19+CLD patients, underlying cirrhosis was associated with even higher risk of these poor outcomes, and higher risk of acute liver decompensation or ACLF. Conclusions Among one of the largest studies to date evaluating patients with COVID-19 and CLD, underlying CLD is associated with significantly greater risk of poor outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly among cirrhotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Medical Technology and Practice Patterns Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mae Thamer
- Medical Technology and Practice Patterns Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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27
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Sun Y, Salerno S, He X, Pan Z, Yang E, Sujimongkol C, Song J, Wang X, Han P, Kang J, Sjoding MW, Jolly S, Christiani DC, Li Y. Use of machine learning to assess the prognostic utility of radiomic features for in-hospital COVID-19 mortality. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7318. [PMID: 37147440 PMCID: PMC10161188 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As portable chest X-rays are an efficient means of triaging emergent cases, their use has raised the question as to whether imaging carries additional prognostic utility for survival among patients with COVID-19. This study assessed the importance of known risk factors on in-hospital mortality and investigated the predictive utility of radiomic texture features using various machine learning approaches. We detected incremental improvements in survival prognostication utilizing texture features derived from emergent chest X-rays, particularly among older patients or those with a higher comorbidity burden. Important features included age, oxygen saturation, blood pressure, and certain comorbid conditions, as well as image features related to the intensity and variability of pixel distribution. Thus, widely available chest X-rays, in conjunction with clinical information, may be predictive of survival outcomes of patients with COVID-19, especially older, sicker patients, and can aid in disease management by providing additional information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Stephen Salerno
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Xinwei He
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ziyang Pan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Eileen Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Chinakorn Sujimongkol
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jiyeon Song
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Xinan Wang
- Department of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Peisong Han
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Michael W Sjoding
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Shruti Jolly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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28
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Chenchula S, Vidyasagar K, Pathan S, Sharma S, Chavan MR, Bhagavathula AS, Padmavathi R, Manjula M, Chhabra M, Gupta R, Amerneni KC, Ghanta MK, Mudda S. Global prevalence and effect of comorbidities and smoking status on severity and mortality of COVID-19 in association with age and gender: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6415. [PMID: 37076543 PMCID: PMC10115382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A COVID-19 patient often presents with multiple comorbidities and is associated with adverse outcomes. A comprehensive assessment of the prevalence of comorbidities in patients with COVID-19 is essential. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of comorbidities, severity and mortality with regard to geographic region, age, gender and smoking status in patients with COVID-19. A systematic review and multistage meta-analyses were reported using PRISMA guidelines. PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Google Scholar and EMBASE were searched from January 2020 to October 2022. Cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, case series studies, and case-control studies on comorbidities reporting among the COVID-19 populations that were published in English were included. The pooled prevalence of various medical conditions in COVID-19 patients was calculated based on regional population size weights. Stratified analyses were performed to understand the variations in the medical conditions based on age, gender, and geographic region. A total of 190 studies comprising 105 million COVID-19 patients were included. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA software, version 16 MP (StataCorp, College Station, TX). Meta-analysis of proportion was performed to obtain pooled values of the prevalence of medical comorbidities: hypertension (39%, 95% CI 36-42, n = 170 studies), obesity (27%, 95% CI 25-30%, n = 169 studies), diabetes (27%, 95% CI 25-30%, n = 175), and asthma (8%, 95% CI 7-9%, n = 112). Moreover, the prevalence of hospitalization was 35% (95% CI 29-41%, n = 61), intensive care admissions 17% (95% CI 14-21, n = 106), and mortality 18% (95% CI 16-21%, n = 145). The prevalence of hypertension was highest in Europe at 44% (95% CI 39-47%, n = 68), obesity and diabetes at 30% (95% CI, 26-34, n = 79) and 27% (95%CI, 24-30, n = 80) in North America, and asthma in Europe at 9% (95% CI 8-11, n = 41). Obesity was high among the ≥ 50 years (30%, n = 112) age group, diabetes among Men (26%, n = 124) and observational studies reported higher mortality than case-control studies (19% vs. 14%). Random effects meta-regression found a significant association between age and diabetes (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), asthma (p < 0.05), ICU admission (p < 0.05) and mortality (p < 0.001). Overall, a higher global prevalence of hypertension (39%) and a lower prevalence of asthma (8%), and 18% of mortality were found in patients with COVID-19. Hence, geographical regions with respective chronic medical comorbidities should accelerate regular booster dose vaccination, preferably to those patients with chronic comorbidities, to prevent and lower the severity and mortality of COVID-19 disease with novel SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Santenna Chenchula
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, 522503, India.
| | - Kota Vidyasagar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UCPSc), Hanmakonda, Telangana, India
| | - Saman Pathan
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Sushil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, 522503, India
| | - Madhav Rao Chavan
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, 522503, India
| | | | - R Padmavathi
- SVS Medical College and Hospital, Mahbubnagar, Telangana, India
| | - M Manjula
- Balaji College of Nursing, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Manik Chhabra
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Rupesh Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, GMC, Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Sofia Mudda
- Department of AYUSH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
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Richter E, Liebl D, Schulte B, Lehmann N, Fuhrmann C, Jöckel KH, Ioannidis JPA, Streeck H. Analysis of fatality impact and seroprevalence surveys in a community sustaining a SARS-CoV-2 superspreading event. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5440. [PMID: 37012282 PMCID: PMC10069345 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32441-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an ongoing debate on the COVID-19 infection fatality rate (IFR) and the impact of COVID-19 on overall population mortality. Here, we addressed these issues in a community in Germany with a major superspreader event analyzing deaths over time and auditing death certificates in the community.18 deaths that occurred within the first six months of the pandemic had a positive test for SARS-CoV-2. Six out of 18 deaths had non-COVID-19 related causes of death (COD). Individuals with COVID-19 COD typically died of respiratory failure (75%) and tended to have fewer reported comorbidities (p = 0.029). Duration between first confirmed infection and death was negatively associated with COVID-19 being COD (p = 0.04). Repeated seroprevalence essays in a cross-sectional epidemiological study showed modest increases in seroprevalence over time, and substantial seroreversion (30%). IFR estimates accordingly varied depending on COVID-19 death attribution. Careful ascertainment of COVID-19 deaths is important in understanding the impact of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Richter
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Liebl
- Institute of Finance and Statistics and Hausdorff Center for Mathematics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bianca Schulte
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nils Lehmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry und Epidemiology (IMIBE), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christine Fuhrmann
- Clinical Study Core Unit, Study Center Bonn (SZB), Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry und Epidemiology (IMIBE), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - John P A Ioannidis
- Departments of Medicine, of Epidemiology and Population Health, of Biomedical Data Science, and of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Hendrik Streeck
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany.
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30
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Li R, Shen M, Yang Q, Fairley CK, Chai Z, McIntyre R, Ong JJ, Liu H, Lu P, Hu W, Zou Z, Li Z, He S, Zhuang G, Zhang L. Global Diabetes Prevalence in COVID-19 Patients and Contribution to COVID-19- Related Severity and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:890-897. [PMID: 36826982 PMCID: PMC10090902 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 and diabetes both contribute to large global disease burdens. PURPOSE To quantify the prevalence of diabetes in various COVID-19 disease stages and calculate the population attributable fraction (PAF) of diabetes to COVID-19-related severity and mortality. DATA SOURCES Systematic review identified 729 studies with 29,874,938 COVID-19 patients. STUDY SELECTION Studies detailed the prevalence of diabetes in subjects with known COVID-19 diagnosis and severity. DATA EXTRACTION Study information, COVID-19 disease stages, and diabetes prevalence were extracted. DATA SYNTHESIS The pooled prevalence of diabetes in stratified COVID-19 groups was 14.7% (95% CI 12.5-16.9) among confirmed cases, 10.4% (7.6-13.6) among nonhospitalized cases, 21.4% (20.4-22.5) among hospitalized cases, 11.9% (10.2-13.7) among nonsevere cases, 28.9% (27.0-30.8) among severe cases, and 34.6% (32.8-36.5) among deceased individuals, respectively. Multivariate metaregression analysis explained 53-83% heterogeneity of the pooled prevalence. Based on a modified version of the comparative risk assessment model, we estimated that the overall PAF of diabetes was 9.5% (7.3-11.7) for the presence of severe disease in COVID-19-infected individuals and 16.8% (14.8-18.8) for COVID-19-related deaths. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that countries with high income levels, high health care access and quality index, and low diabetes disease burden had lower PAF of diabetes contributing to COVID-19 severity and death. LIMITATIONS Most studies had a high risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of diabetes increases with COVID-19 severity, and diabetes accounts for 9.5% of severe COVID-19 cases and 16.8% of deaths, with disparities according to country income, health care access and quality index, and diabetes disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- China–Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mingwang Shen
- China–Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- China–Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Christopher K. Fairley
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhonglin Chai
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert McIntyre
- Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, King’s College Hospital, London, U.K
| | - Jason J. Ong
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hanting Liu
- China–Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengyi Lu
- China–Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenyi Hu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zhuoru Zou
- China–Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zengbin Li
- China–Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shihao He
- China–Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guihua Zhuang
- China–Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- China–Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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McConnell KH, Hajat A, Sack C, Mooney SJ, Khosropour CM. Association between any underlying health condition and COVID-19-associated hospitalization by age group, Washington State, 2020-2021: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:193. [PMID: 36997854 PMCID: PMC10062257 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presence of at least one underlying health condition (UHC) is positively associated with severe COVID-19, but there is limited research examining this association by age group, particularly among young adults. METHODS We examined age-stratified associations between any UHC and COVID-19-associated hospitalization using a retrospective cohort study of electronic health record data from the University of Washington Medicine healthcare system for adult patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test from February 29, 2020, to March 13, 2021. Any UHC was defined as documented diagnosis of at least one UHC identified by the CDC as a potential risk factor for severe COVID-19. Adjusting for sex, age, race and ethnicity, and health insurance, we estimated risk ratios (aRRs) and risk differences (aRDs), overall and by age group (18-39, 40-64, and 65 + years). RESULTS Among patients aged 18-39 (N = 3,249), 40-64 (N = 2,840), 65 + years (N = 1,363), and overall (N = 7,452), 57.5%, 79.4%, 89.4%, and 71.7% had at least one UHC, respectively. Overall, 4.4% of patients experienced COVID-19-associated hospitalization. For all age groups, the risk of COVID-19-associated hospitalization was greater for patients with any UHC vs. those without (18-39: 2.2% vs. 0.4%; 40-64: 5.6% vs. 0.3%; 65 + : 12.2% vs. 2.8%; overall: 5.9% vs. 0.6%). The aRR comparing patients with vs. those without UHCs was notably higher for patients aged 40-64 years (aRR [95% CI] for 18-39: 4.3 [1.8, 10.0]; 40-64: 12.9 [3.2, 52.5]; 65 + : 3.1 [1.2, 8.2]; overall: 5.3 [3.0, 9.6]). The aRDs increased across age groups (aRD [95% CI] per 1,000 SARS-CoV-2-positive persons for 18-39: 10 [2, 18]; 40-64: 43 [33, 54]; 65 + : 84 [51, 116]; overall: 28 [21, 35]). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with UHCs are at significantly increased risk of COVID-19-associated hospitalization regardless of age. Our findings support the prevention of severe COVID-19 in adults with UHCs in all age groups and in older adults aged 65 + years as ongoing local public health priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate H McConnell
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Anjum Hajat
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Coralynn Sack
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen J Mooney
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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32
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Kranzler EC, Luchman JN, Williams CJ, Model TA, Ostby R, Vines M, Weinberg J, Petrun Sayers EL, Kurti AN, Trigger S, Hoffman L, Peck J. Recalled Exposure to COVID-19 Public Education Campaign Advertisements Predicts COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2023; 28:144-155. [PMID: 37050887 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2181891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between recalled exposure to the We Can Do This COVID-19 Public Education Campaign (the Campaign) and COVID-19 vaccine confidence (the likelihood of vaccination or vaccine uptake) in the general population, including vaccine-hesitant adults (the "Movable Middle"). Analyses used three waves of a triannual, nationally representative panel survey of adults in the U.S. fielded from January to November 2021 (n = 3,446). Proportional odds regression results demonstrated a positive, statistically significant relationship between past 4-month Campaign recall and vaccine confidence, controlling for lagged reports of Campaign recall and vaccine confidence; concurrent and lagged fictional campaign recall; survey wave; and sociodemographics. Results indicated that as one moves from no Campaign recall to infrequent recall, there is a 29% increase in the odds of being in a higher vaccine confidence category. Findings offer evidence of the impact of a COVID-19 public education campaign on increasing vaccine confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa C Kranzler
- Communication Campaign Research & Evaluation, Fors Marsh, Arlington, Virginia, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ronne Ostby
- Insights & Strategy, Fors Marsh, Arlington, Virginia, USA
| | - Monica Vines
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Jessica Weinberg
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Petrun Sayers
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Allison N Kurti
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Sarah Trigger
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Leah Hoffman
- Communication Campaign Research & Evaluation, Fors Marsh, Arlington, Virginia, USA
| | - Joshua Peck
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Denslow S, Rote A, Wingert J, Hanchate AD, Lanou AJ, Westreich D, Cheng K, Sexton L, Halladay JR. Descriptive Assessment of Race, Ethnicity, Comorbidities, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection- Fatality in North Carolina. N C Med J 2023; 84:134-142. [PMID: 39302335 DOI: 10.18043/001c.73026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Background SARS-CoV-2 infection has caused variable clinical outcomes including hospitalization and death. We analyzed state-level data from the North Carolina COVID-19 Surveillance System (NC COVID) to describe demographics of those infected with SARS-CoV-2 and to describe factors associated with infection-fatality in North Carolina. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study using surveillance data on positive SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals (N = 214,179) identified between March 1, 2020, and September 30, 2020. We present descriptive statistics and associations among demographics, medical comorbidities, and SARS-CoV-2 infection-fatality. Results Median age for residents with reported SARS-CoV-2 was 38 (IQR 23-54). Age was strongly correlated with SARS-CoV-2 infection-fatality. Greater infection-fatality was noted among those who identified as Black across all comorbidities. Coexisting chronic disease was associated with greater infection-fatality, with kidney disease demonstrating the strongest association. Limitations A high percentage of missing data for race/ethnicity and comorbidities limits the interpretation of our findings. Data were not available for socioeconomic measures that could aid in better understanding inequities associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection-fatality. Conclusions Among North Carolinians identified with SARS-CoV-2 via surveillance efforts, age, race, and comorbidities were associated with infection-fatality; these findings are similar to those of studies using different source populations in the United States. In addition to age and other nonmodifiable variables, systematic differences in social conditions and opportunity may increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection-fatality among Black Americans compared to other races/ethnicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri Denslow
- UNC Health Sciences, Mountain Area Health Education Center
| | - Aubri Rote
- Department of Health and Wellness, University of North Carolina at Asheville
| | - Jason Wingert
- Department of Health and Wellness, University of North Carolina at Asheville
| | | | - Amy Joy Lanou
- Department of Health and Wellness, University of North Carolina at Asheville
- North Carolina Center for Health and Wellness, University of North Carolina at Asheville
| | - Daniel Westreich
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Kedai Cheng
- Department of Mathematics, University of North Carolina at Asheville
| | - Laura Sexton
- University of North Carolina at Asheville
- Sage Nutrition Associates
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Carrara E, Razzaboni E, Azzini AM, De Rui ME, Pinho Guedes MN, Gorska A, Giannella M, Bussini L, Bartoletti M, Arbizzani F, Palacios‐Baena ZR, Caponcello G, Maldonado N, Rodríguez‐Baño J, Visco C, Krampera M, Tacconelli E. Predictors of clinical evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hematological patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hematol Oncol 2023; 41:16-25. [PMID: 36238977 PMCID: PMC9874549 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Main aim of this systematic review is to quantify the risk and identify predictors of clinical evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in hematological patients compared to different control populations. Two independent reviewers screened the literature assessing clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in adult patients with active hematological malignancies published up to June 2021. Primary outcome was COVID-19 related mortality, secondary outcomes were hospital and intensive-care admission, mechanical ventilation (MV), and thromboembolic events. Variables related to study setting, baseline patients' demographic, comorbidities, underlying hematological disease, ongoing chemotherapy, COVID-19 presentation, and treatments were extracted. A total of 67 studies including 10,061 hematological patients and 111,143 controls were included. Most of the studies were retrospective cohorts (51 studies, 76%) and only 19 (13%) provided data for a control group. A significant increased risk of clinical progression in the hematological population compared to the controls was found in terms of COVID-19 related mortality (OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.77-2.54), hospitalization (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.15-3.43), intensive-care admission (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.38-2.26), and MV (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.71-2.75). The risk remained significantly higher in the subgroup analysis comparing hematological patients versus solid cancer. Meta-regression analysis of uncontrolled studies showed that older age, male sex, and hypertension were significantly related to worse clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in hematological population. Older age and hypertension were found to be associated also to thromboembolic events. In conclusion, hematological patients have a higher risk of COVID-19 clinical progression compared to both the general population and to patients with solid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Carrara
- Department of Diagnostics and Public HealthDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Elisa Razzaboni
- Department of Diagnostics and Public HealthDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Anna Maria Azzini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public HealthDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Maria Elena De Rui
- Department of Diagnostics and Public HealthDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Mariana Nunes Pinho Guedes
- Department of Diagnostics and Public HealthDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Anna Gorska
- Department of Diagnostics and Public HealthDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Maddalena Giannella
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesInfectious Diseases UnitIRCCS Policlinico Sant’OrsolaUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Linda Bussini
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesInfectious Diseases UnitIRCCS Policlinico Sant’OrsolaUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Michele Bartoletti
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesInfectious Diseases UnitIRCCS Policlinico Sant’OrsolaUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Federica Arbizzani
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesInfectious Diseases UnitIRCCS Policlinico Sant’OrsolaUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Zaira R. Palacios‐Baena
- Department of MedicineInfectious Diseases and Microbiology UnitHospital Universitario Virgen MacarenaUniversity of SevilleBiomedicine Institute of Seville (IBiS) / CSIC; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)SevilleSpain
| | - Giulia Caponcello
- Department of MedicineInfectious Diseases and Microbiology UnitHospital Universitario Virgen MacarenaUniversity of SevilleBiomedicine Institute of Seville (IBiS) / CSIC; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)SevilleSpain
| | - Natalia Maldonado
- Department of MedicineInfectious Diseases and Microbiology UnitHospital Universitario Virgen MacarenaUniversity of SevilleBiomedicine Institute of Seville (IBiS) / CSIC; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)SevilleSpain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez‐Baño
- Department of MedicineInfectious Diseases and Microbiology UnitHospital Universitario Virgen MacarenaUniversity of SevilleBiomedicine Institute of Seville (IBiS) / CSIC; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)SevilleSpain
| | - Carlo Visco
- Department of MedicineSection of HematologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Department of MedicineSection of HematologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Evelina Tacconelli
- Department of Diagnostics and Public HealthDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
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Zaghloul MS, Jammeh M, Gibson A, Luo S, Chadwick-Mansker K, Liu Q, Yan Y, Zayed MA. Chronic anti-coagulation therapy reduced mortality in patients with high cardiovascular risk early in COVID-19 pandemic. Thromb J 2023; 21:14. [PMID: 36717941 PMCID: PMC9885912 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-023-00460-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with provoked thrombo-inflammatory responses. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic this was thought to contribute to hypercoagulability and multi-organ system complications in infected patients. Limited studies have evaluated the impact of therapeutic anti-coagulation therapy (AC) in alleviating these risks in COVID-19 positive patients. Our study aimed to investigate whether long-term therapeutic AC can decrease the risk of multi-organ system complications (MOSC) including stroke, limb ischemia, gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, in-hospital and intensive care unit death in COVID-19 positive patients hospitalized during the early phase of the pandemic in the United States. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted of all COVID-19 positive United States Veterans between March 2020 and October 2020. Patients receiving continuous outpatient therapeutic AC for a least 90 days prior to their initial COVID-19 positive test were assigned to the AC group. Patients who did not receive AC were included in a control group. We analyzed the primary study outcome of MOSC between the AC and control groups using binary logistic regression analysis (Odd-Ratio; OR). RESULTS We identified 48,066 COVID-19 patients, of them 879 (1.8%) were receiving continuous therapeutic AC. The AC cohort had significantly worse comorbidities than the control group. On the adjusted binary logistic regression model, therapeutic AC significantly decreased in-hospital mortality rate (OR; 0.67, p = 0.04), despite a higher incidence of GI bleeding (OR; 4.00, p = 0.02). However, therapeutic AC did not significantly reduce other adverse events. CONCLUSION AC therapy reduced in-hospital death early in the COVID-19 pandemic among patients who were hospitalized with the infection. However, it did not decrease the risk of MOSC. Additional trials are needed to determine the effectiveness of AC in preventing complications associated with ongoing emerging strains of the COVID-19 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Zaghloul
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8109, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA
| | - Momodou Jammeh
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8109, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA
| | - Andrew Gibson
- Veterans Affairs St. Louis Health Care System, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Suhong Luo
- Department of Hematology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kelley Chadwick-Mansker
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8109, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA
- Veterans Affairs St. Louis Health Care System, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Qianjin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8109, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA
- Veterans Affairs St. Louis Health Care System, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mohamed A Zayed
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8109, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA.
- Veterans Affairs St. Louis Health Care System, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Zsichla L, Müller V. Risk Factors of Severe COVID-19: A Review of Host, Viral and Environmental Factors. Viruses 2023; 15:175. [PMID: 36680215 PMCID: PMC9863423 DOI: 10.3390/v15010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe disease and death. Understanding the risk factors of severe COVID-19 is relevant both in the clinical setting and at the epidemiological level. Here, we provide an overview of host, viral and environmental factors that have been shown or (in some cases) hypothesized to be associated with severe clinical outcomes. The factors considered in detail include the age and frailty, genetic polymorphisms, biological sex (and pregnancy), co- and superinfections, non-communicable comorbidities, immunological history, microbiota, and lifestyle of the patient; viral genetic variation and infecting dose; socioeconomic factors; and air pollution. For each category, we compile (sometimes conflicting) evidence for the association of the factor with COVID-19 outcomes (including the strength of the effect) and outline possible action mechanisms. We also discuss the complex interactions between the various risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levente Zsichla
- Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Health Security, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Müller
- Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Health Security, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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Al‐Qudimat AR, Al Darwish MB, Elaarag M, Al‐Zoubi RM, Rejeb MA, Ojha LK, Nashwan AJ, Alshunag T, Adawi K, Omri AE, Aboumarzouk OM, Yassin A, Al‐Ansari AA. COVID-19 effect on patients with noncommunicable diseases: A narrative review. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e995. [PMID: 36540568 PMCID: PMC9753159 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS On March 11, 2020, the WHO has declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, affecting our day-to-day lives. Physical distancing and lockdown made significant obstacles to populations, particularly healthcare systems. Most healthcare workers were reallocated to COVID-19 facilities. Noncommunicable disease patients were given low priority and are at a higher risk of severe COVID-19 infection, which disrupted the treatment and disease management of these patients. This review aimed to assess the effect of COVID-19 on different types of noncommunicable diseases and the severity it may cause to patients. METHODS We have conducted a review of the literature on COVID-19 and noncommunicable diseases from December 2019 until January 2022. The search was done in PubMed and Cochrane for relevant articles using variety of searching terms. Data for study variables were extracted. At the end of the selection process, 46 papers were selected for inclusion in the literature review. RESULT The result from this review found that the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the efficiency of the patient's treatment indirectly by either delaying or canceling sessions, which solidified the need to rely more on telemedicine, virtual visits, and in-home visits to improve patient education and minimize the risk of exposure to the patients. The major and most common types of noncommunicable diseases are known to be related to the severe outcomes of COVID-19 infection. It is strongly recommended to prioritize these patients for vaccinations against COVID-19 to provide them with the protection that will neutralize the risk imposed by their comorbidities. CONCLUSION We recommend conducting more studies with larger population samples to further understand the role of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in this pandemic. However, this pandemic has also affected the efficiency of NCDs treatment indirectly by delaying or canceling sessions and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad R. Al‐Qudimat
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Research SectionHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
- Department of Public HealthQatar UniversityDohaQatar
| | | | - Mai Elaarag
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Research SectionHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
| | - Raed M. Al‐Zoubi
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Research SectionHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, QU‐Health, College of Health SciencesQatar UniversityDohaQatar
- Department of ChemistryJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan
| | - Mohamed Amine Rejeb
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Research SectionHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
| | - Laxmi K. Ojha
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Research SectionHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
| | | | | | - Karam Adawi
- Department of Public HealthQatar UniversityDohaQatar
| | - Abdelfettah El Omri
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Research SectionHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
| | - Omar M. Aboumarzouk
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Research SectionHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
- College of MedicineQatar UniversityDohaQatar
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and NursingThe University of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Aksam Yassin
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Research SectionHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
- Center of Medicine and Health SciencesDresden International UniversityDresdenGermany
| | - Abdulla A. Al‐Ansari
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Research SectionHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
- Hamad General HospitalHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
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Oliveira GTA, Elsangedy HM, Browne RAV, Vivas A, Cabral LLP, Macêdo GAD, Costa EC, Fontes EB. COVID-19 pandemic and explicit processes towards physical activity in Brazilian older adults with hypertension. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:200-210. [PMID: 35443849 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2067340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the initial three-month impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the explicit processes towards physical activity (PA). In addition, we explored whether potential changes in explicit processes are associated with changes in PA and sedentary behavior (SB). Seventeen older adults (aged 65.7 ± 3.8 years; 76.5% women) with hypertension were included in this longitudinal study performed in Natal, Brazil. Explicit processes (explicit attitude [perceived benefits and cons perceived], social norms, social modeling, self-efficacy, intention and motivation) were evaluated through self-reported questionnaire before (January to March 2020) and during (June 2020) the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, PA and SB were measured by accelerometry during seven days. Generalized linear and mixed models were used for data analysis. There was a decrease in the explicit attitudes (β = - 4.8, p = 0.001) and moderate-vigorous PA (β = - 4.8, p = 0.035) during the COVID-19. Changes in the explicit attitudes were associated with the changes in the moderate-vigorous PA (β = - 1.6, 95% CI - 2.9, - 0.3, p = 0.034). No significant changes were found in the additional explicit process measures, time spent doing light PA and SB, and step count. Our findings may suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the explicit attitudes related to PA and contributed to decrease the time spent in the moderate-vigorous PA in older adults with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gledson T A Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Hassan M Elsangedy
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A V Browne
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Andrés Vivas
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Department of Motion Science, Fundácion Universitaria Ciencias de la Salud, Colombia
| | - Ludmila L P Cabral
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Geovani A D Macêdo
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Costa
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Eduardo B Fontes
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Erden A, Ayan G, Kilic L, Solmaz D, Bakirci S, Kimyon G, Günal EK, Dogru A, Bayindir O, Dalkilic E, Özisler C, Akar S, Cetin GY, Tarhan EF, Küçüksahin O, Omma A, Gonullu E, Yildiz F, Ersozlu ED, Cinar M, Tufan A, Pehlevan S, Esmen SE, Yilmaz S, Duruoz T, Kasifoglu T, Yazısız V, Aksu K, Aydin SZ, Kalyoncu U. Mortality in psoriatic arthritis patients, changes over time, and the impact of COVID-19: results from a multicenter Psoriatic Arthritis Registry (PsART-ID). Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:385-390. [PMID: 36637636 PMCID: PMC9838281 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the mortality of PsA before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS From the prospective, multicenter PsART-ID (Psoriatic Arthritis Registry-International Database), patients from Turkey were analyzed by linking the registry to the Turkish Cause of Death Registry. The outcome of interest was death from any cause, pre-pandemic (since the onset of registry-March 2014-March 2020), and during the pandemic (March 2020-May 2021). The crude mortality rate and standardized mortality ratio (SMR) were determined. RESULTS There were 1216 PsA patients with a follow-up of 7500 patient-years. Overall, 46 deaths (26 males) were observed. In the pre-pandemic period, SMR for PsA vs the general population was 0.95 (0.61-1.49), being higher in males [1.56 (0.92-2.63)] than females [0.62 (0.33-1.17)]. The crude mortality rate in PsA doubled during the pandemic (pre-pandemic crude mortality rate: 5.07 vs 10.76 during the pandemic) with a higher increase in females (2.9 vs 8.72) than males (9.07 vs 14.73). CONCLUSION The mortality in PsA was found similar to the general population in the pre-pandemic era. The mortality rates in PsA doubled during the pandemic. Whether PsA patients have more risk of mortality than the general population due to COVID-19 needs further studies. Key Points • Decrease in mortality in PsA might be expected with the more effective treatment options and better disease control. • A crude mortality rate is comparable to the general population and not increased until the pandemic. • Currently, there is a 2-fold increase in crude mortality rate possibly due to the COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsamet Erden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, 06800 Turkey
| | - Gizem Ayan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Sihhiye, Ankara 06100 Turkey
| | - Levent Kilic
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Sihhiye, Ankara 06100 Turkey
| | - Dilek Solmaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sibel Bakirci
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Gezmis Kimyon
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Hatay Turkey
| | | | - Atalay Dogru
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Ozun Bayindir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ediz Dalkilic
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Cem Özisler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Servet Akar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gözde Yildirim Cetin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Emine Figen Tarhan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Orhan Küçüksahin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Omma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emel Gonullu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Fatih Yildiz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Health Sciences, Van Training and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
| | - Emine Duygu Ersozlu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Cinar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Tufan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seval Pehlevan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Fatih University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serpil Ergulu Esmen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Konya Education and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sema Yilmaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Tuncay Duruoz
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Timucin Kasifoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Veli Yazısız
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology,, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Kenan Aksu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sibel Zehra Aydin
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada ,The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 1967 Riverside Drive, Ottawa, ON K1H 7W9 Canada
| | - Umut Kalyoncu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Sihhiye, Ankara 06100 Turkey
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Zaghloul MS, Jammeh M, Gibson A, Luo S, Chadwick-Mansker K, Liu Q, Yan Y, Zayed MA. Chronic Anti-Coagulation Therapy Reduced Mortality In Patients With High Cardiovascular Risk Early In COVID-19 Pandemic. RESEARCH SQUARE 2022:rs.3.rs-2252262. [PMID: 36415466 PMCID: PMC9681047 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2252262/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with provoked thrombo-inflammatory responses. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic this was thought to contribute to hypercoagulability and multi-organ system complications in infected patients. Limited studies have evaluated the impact of therapeutic anti-coagulation therapy (AC) in alleviate these risks in COVID-19 positive patients. Our study aimed to investigate whether long-term therapeutic AC can decrease the risk of multi-organ system complications (MOSC) including stroke, limb ischemia, gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, in-hospital and intensive care unit death in COVID-19 positive patients during the early phase of the pandemic in the United States. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of all COVID-19 positive United States Veterans between March 2020 and October 2020. Patients receiving continuous therapeutic AC for a least 30 days prior to or after their initial COVID-19 positive test were assigned to the AC group. Patients who did not receive AC were included in a control group. We analyzed the primary study outcome of MOSC between the AC and control groups using binary logistic regression analysis (Odd-Ratio; OR). Results: We identified 48,066 COVID-19 patients, of them 879 (1.8%) were receiving continuous therapeutic AC. The AC cohort had significantly worse comorbidities than the control group. On the adjusted binary logistic regression model, therapeutic AC significantly decreased in-hospital mortality rate (OR; 0.67, p = 0.04), despite a higher incidence of GI bleeding (OR; 4.00, p = 0.02). However, therapeutic AC did not significantly reduce other adverse events. Conclusion: AC therapy reduced in-hospital death early in the COVID-19 pandemic among patients who were hospitalized with the infection. However, it did not decrease the risk of MOSC. Additional trials are needed to determine the effectiveness of AC in preventing complications associated with ongoing emerging strains of the COVID-19 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Suhong Luo
- Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Yan Yan
- Washington University School of Medicine
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Khairy Y, Naghibi D, Moosavi A, Sardareh M, Azami-Aghdash S. Prevalence of hypertension and associated risks in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis of meta-analyses with 1468 studies and 1,281,510 patients. Syst Rev 2022; 11:242. [PMID: 36397129 PMCID: PMC9672558 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-02111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the COVID-19 outbreak, preliminary research has shown that some risk-associated conditions increase death and severe complications of the disease, hypertension being one of them. Thus, numerous meta-analyses have been conducted to explore this issue. Therefore, this umbrella review aims to perform a meta-analysis of the meta-analyses to estimate the prevalence and associated risks of hypertension in patients with COVID-19. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for the published meta-analyses up to January 1, 2022. Google Scholar, citation check, reference check, and Grey literature were also manually searched. A random-effect model approach was used for analysis. RESULTS The overall death rate was estimated at 12%. Hypertension was present in 25% of the patients as a comorbid disease. The overall RR for death, disease severity, and the possibility of ICU admission were estimated at 1.79 [1.68-1.89 with 95% CI], 1.74 [1.66-1.83 with 95% CI], and 1.91 [1.48-2.34 with 95% CI], respectively. The meta-regression results showed that being "male" significantly increases the risk of disease severity and ICU admission. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that hypertension is a common comorbid disease in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, which significantly increases mortality risk, the severity of the disease, and the probability of ICU admission. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION This study has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021231844).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousof Khairy
- Center for the Development of Interdisciplinary Research in Islamic Sciences and Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Deniz Naghibi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Ahmad Moosavi
- Department of Health and Community Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Mehran Sardareh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saber Azami-Aghdash
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Chowdhury SR. Metabolic health in Bangladesh: trends and challenges. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2022; 34:76. [PMID: 36310837 PMCID: PMC9589716 DOI: 10.1186/s43162-022-00166-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saifur Rahman Chowdhury
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Foletto VS, da Rosa TF, Serafin MB, Hörner R. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants reduce COVID-19 infection: prospects for use. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 78:1601-1611. [PMID: 35943535 PMCID: PMC9360648 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-022-03372-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The absence of specific treatments for COVID-19 leads to an intense global effort in the search for new therapeutic interventions and better clinical outcomes for patients. This review aimed to present a selection of accepted studies that reported the activity of antidepressant drugs belonging to the selective serotonin receptor inhibitor (SSRI) class for treating the novel coronavirus. METHODS A search was performed in PubMed and SciELO databases using the following search strategies: [(coronavirus) OR (COVID) OR (SARS-CoV-2) AND (antidepressant) OR (serotonin) OR (selective serotonin receptor inhibitors)]. In the end, eleven articles were included. We also covered information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov in our research. RESULTS Although several clinical trials are ongoing, only a few drugs have been officially approved to treat the infection. Remdesivir, an antiviral drug, despite favorable preliminary results, has restricted the use due to the risk of toxicity and methodological flaws. Antidepressant drugs were able to reduce the risk of intubation or death related to COVID-19, decrease the need for intensive medical care, and severely inhibit viral titers by up to 99%. Among the SSRIs studied so far, fluoxetine and fluvoxamine have shown to be the most promising against SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSION If successful, these drugs can substantially reduce hospitalization and mortality rates, as well as allow for fully outpatient treatment for mild-to-moderate infections. Thus, repositioning SSRIs can provide benefits when faced with a rapidly evolving pandemic such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taciéli Fagundes da Rosa
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marissa Bolson Serafin
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosmari Hörner
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM, Building 26, Room 1201, Santa Maria, RS, 97015-900, Brazil.
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Association of Patients' Epidemiological Characteristics and Comorbidities with Severity and Related Mortality Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Results of an Umbrella Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102437. [PMID: 36289699 PMCID: PMC9598435 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the association between patients’ epidemiological characteristics and comorbidities with SARS-CoV-2 infection severity and related mortality risk. An umbrella systematic review, including a meta-analysis examining the association between patients’ underlying conditions and severity (defined as need for hospitalization) and mortality of COVID-19, was performed. Studies were included if they reported pooled risk estimates of at least three underlying determinants for hospitalization, critical disease (ICU admission, mechanical ventilation), and hospital mortality in patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Evidence was summarized as pooled odds ratios (pOR) for disease outcomes with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Sixteen systematic reviews investigating the possible associations of comorbidities with severity or death from COVID-19 disease were included. Hospitalization was associated with age > 60 years (pOR 3.50; 95% CI 2.97−4.36), smoking habit (pOR 3.50; 95% CI 2.97−4.36), and chronic pulmonary disease (pOR 2.94; 95% CI 2.14−4.04). Chronic pulmonary disease (pOR 2.82; 95% CI 1.92−4.14), cerebrovascular disease (pOR 2.74; 95% CI 1.59−4.74), and cardiovascular disease (pOR 2.44; 95% CI 1.97−3.01) were likely to be associated with increased risk of critical COVID-19. The highest risk of mortality was associated with cardiovascular disease (pOR 3.59; 95% CI 2.83−4.56), cerebrovascular disease (pOR 3.11; 95% CI 2.35−4.11), and chronic renal disease (pOR 3.02; 95% CI 2.61−3.49). In conclusion, this umbrella systematic review provides a comprehensive summary of meta-analyses examining the impact of patients’ characteristics on COVID-19 outcomes. Elderly patients and those cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and chronic renal disease should be prioritized for pre-exposure and post-exposure prophylaxis and early treatment.
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Freeman V, Hughes S, Carle C, Campbell D, Egger S, Hui H, Yap S, Deandrea S, Caruana M, Onyeka TC, IJzerman MJ, Ginsburg O, Bray F, Sullivan R, Aggarwal A, Peacock SJ, Chan KKW, Hanna TP, Soerjomataram I, O'Connell DL, Steinberg J, Canfell K. Are patients with cancer at higher risk of COVID-19-related death? A systematic review and critical appraisal of the early evidence. J Cancer Policy 2022; 33:100340. [PMID: 35680113 PMCID: PMC9169424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2022.100340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early reports suggested that COVID-19 patients with cancer were at higher risk of COVID-19-related death. We conducted a systematic review with risk of bias assessment and synthesis of the early evidence on the risk of COVID-19-related death for COVID-19 patients with and without cancer. METHODS AND FINDINGS We searched Medline/Embase/BioRxiv/MedRxiv/SSRN databases to 1 July 2020. We included cohort or case-control studies published in English that reported on the risk of dying after developing COVID-19 for people with a pre-existing diagnosis of any cancer, lung cancer, or haematological cancers. We assessed risk of bias using tools adapted from the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We used the generic inverse-variance random-effects method for meta-analysis. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated separately. Of 96 included studies, 54 had sufficient non-overlapping data to be included in meta-analyses (>500,000 people with COVID-19, >8000 with cancer; 52 studies of any cancer, three of lung and six of haematological cancers). All studies had high risk of bias. Accounting for at least age consistently led to lower estimated ORs and HRs for COVID-19-related death in cancer patients (e.g. any cancer versus no cancer; six studies, unadjusted OR=3.30,95%CI:2.59-4.20, adjusted OR=1.37,95%CI:1.16-1.61). Adjusted effect estimates were not reported for people with lung or haematological cancers. Of 18 studies that adjusted for at least age, 17 reported positive associations between pre-existing cancer diagnosis and COVID-19-related death (e.g. any cancer versus no cancer; nine studies, adjusted OR=1.66,95%CI:1.33-2.08; five studies, adjusted HR=1.19,95%CI:1.02-1.38). CONCLUSIONS The initial evidence (published to 1 July 2020) on COVID-19-related death in people with cancer is characterised by multiple sources of bias and substantial overlap between data included in different studies. Pooled analyses of non-overlapping early data with adjustment for at least age indicated a significantly increased risk of COVID-19-related death for those with a pre-existing cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Freeman
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Australia
| | - Suzanne Hughes
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Australia
| | - Chelsea Carle
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Australia
| | - Denise Campbell
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Australia
| | - Sam Egger
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Australia
| | - Harriet Hui
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Australia
| | - Sarsha Yap
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Australia
| | - Silvia Deandrea
- Directorate General for Health, Lombardy Region, Milano, Italy; Environmental Health Unit, Agency for Health Protection, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michael Caruana
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Australia
| | - Tonia C Onyeka
- Department of Anaesthesia/Pain & Palliative Care Unit, Multidisciplinary Oncology Centre, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Maarten J IJzerman
- University of Melbourne, Centre for Cancer Research and Centre for Health Policy, Australia; Department of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ophira Ginsburg
- Perlmutter Cancer Center and the Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Freddie Bray
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Richard Sullivan
- King's Institute Cancer Policy, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Ajay Aggarwal
- King's Institute Cancer Policy, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart J Peacock
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control (ARCC), Canada; Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Canada; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Canada
| | - Kelvin K W Chan
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control (ARCC), Canada; Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Timothy P Hanna
- Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Cancer Research Institute at Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Department of Oncology and Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Dianne L O'Connell
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Australia
| | - Julia Steinberg
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Australia.
| | - Karen Canfell
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Australia.
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COVID-19 mortality surveillance in Lebanon. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14639. [PMID: 36030277 PMCID: PMC9419139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18715-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Epidemiological surveillance program of the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health has launched a rapid surveillance system for collecting COVID-19-related mortality data. In this study, we document the Lebanese experience of COVID-19 mortality surveillance and provide an analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of confirmed deaths. The implementation of the rapid COVID-19 mortality surveillance system, data sources, and data collection were described. A retrospective descriptive analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of confirmed cases occurring in Lebanon between February 20, 2020, and September 15, 2021, was performed. Epidemiological curves of Covid-19 confirmed cases and deaths as well as the geographic distribution map of mortality rates were generated. Between February 21, 2020, and September 15, 2021, a total of 8163 COVID-19-related deaths were reported with a predominance of males (60.4%). More than 60% were aged 70 years or above. Of all deaths, 84% occurred at hospitals and 16% at home. The overall cumulative mortality rate was 119.6 per 100,000. The overall case fatality ratio (CRF) was 1.3%. Of the total deaths, 82.2% had at least one underlying medical condition. The top reported COVID-19 comorbidities associated with COVID-19-related deaths are cardiovascular diseases including hypertension (59.1%), diabetes (37.2%), kidney diseases including dialysis (11%), cancer (6.7%), and lung diseases (6.3%). The CFR was 30.9% for kidney diseases, 20.2% for cancer, 20.2% for lung diseases, 18.1% for liver diseases, 14% for diabetes, and 12.2% for cardiovascular diseases. Considering the limited human and financial resources in Lebanon due to the economic and political crisis, the rapid mortality surveillance system can be considered successful. Improving this system is important and would contribute to better detection of deaths from emerging and re-emerging diseases during health crises.
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SARS-CoV-2 and HIV: Impact on Pulmonary Epithelial Cells. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091317. [PMID: 36143354 PMCID: PMC9500782 DOI: 10.3390/life12091317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic provides a natural opportunity for the collision of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) with chronic infections, which place numerous individuals at high risk of severe COVID-19. Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), a global epidemic, remains a major public health concern. Whether prior HIV+ status exacerbates COVID-19 warrants investigation. Herein, we characterized the impact of SARS-CoV-2 in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) previously exposed to HIV. We optimized the air-liquid interface (ALI) cell culture technique to allow for challenges with HIV at the basolateral cell surface and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein on the apical surface, followed by genetic analyses for cellular stress/toxicity and innate/adaptive immune responses. Our results suggest that the IL-10 pathway was consistently activated in HBECs treated with spike, HIV, or a combination. Recombinant spike protein elicited COVID-19 cytokine storms while HIV activated different signaling pathways. HIV-treated HBECs could no longer activate NF-kB, pro-inflammatory TRAF-6 ubiquitination nor RIP1 signaling. Combinations of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 spike increased gene expression for activation of endoplasmic reticulum-phagosome pathway and downregulated non-canonical NF-kB pathways that are key in functional regulatory T cells and RNA Polymerase II transcription. Our in vitro studies suggest that prior HIV infection may not exacerbate COVID-19. Further in vivo studies are warranted to advance this field.
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Migliorini F, Vaishya R, Eschweiler J, Oliva F, Hildebrand F, Maffulli N. Vitamins C and D and COVID-19 Susceptibility, Severity and Progression: An Evidence Based Systematic Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:941. [PMID: 35888660 PMCID: PMC9318801 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58070941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Starting in early December 2019, the novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) from infection with COVID-19 has caused a global pandemic. Many aspects of its pathogenesis and related clinical consequences are still unclear. Early diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of prognostic factors are essential to improve the ability to manage COVID-19 infection. This study aimed to provide an account of the role played by vitamins C and D on the onset, progression and severity of COVID-19. Clinical features and infection-related risk factors are also briefly discussed. Material and Methods: In March 2022, the main online databases were accessed. All the articles that investigate the possible role of vitamins C and D on COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and progression were considered. Results: The current evidence on vitamin C and D supplementation in patients with COVID-19 infection is inconsistent and controversial. In some studies, vitamins were used as coadjuvant of a formal experimental therapy, while in others as main treatment. Ethnicity and hospital setting (inpatient/outpatient) were also variable. Moreover, there was no consensus between studies in administration protocol: high heterogeneity in dosage, administration, and duration of the treatment were evident. Finally, some studies administered vitamins pre- and/or during COVID infection, in patients with different risk factors and infection severity. Conclusions: While waiting to develop a targeted, safe and effective therapy, it is important to investigate individual predisposition and proper disease management. Concluding, available data on the use of nutraceuticals in COVID-19 are inconsistent. However, there is a lack of evidence-based guidelines which recommend vitamin C and D supplementation in patients with COVID-19, and results from high quality randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are inconsistent. Current investigations so far are mostly observational, and include a relatively small sample size which can lead to biased results. Large-scale multicentre studies are therefore needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Migliorini
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (J.E.); (F.H.)
| | - Raju Vaishya
- Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals Institutes of Orthopaedics, New Delhi 110076, India;
| | - Jörg Eschweiler
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (J.E.); (F.H.)
| | - Francesco Oliva
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.O.); (N.M.)
| | - Frank Hildebrand
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (J.E.); (F.H.)
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.O.); (N.M.)
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University Faculty of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent ST5 5BG, UK
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, 275 Bancroft Road, London E1 4DG, UK
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Korishettar G, Chikkahonnaiah P, Tulimilli SV, Dallavalasa S, Byrappa SH, Madhunapantula SV, Veeranna RP. Assessment of Clinical Profile and Treatment Outcome in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1125. [PMID: 35891289 PMCID: PMC9321523 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10071125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which causes coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in humans, have been developed and are being tested for safety and efficacy. We conducted the cross-sectional prospective cohort study on 820 patients who were positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were admitted to Princess Krishnajammanni trauma care centre (PKTCC), Mysore, which was converted to a designated COVID hospital between April 2021 to July 2021. After obtaining the informed consent, RT-PCR report, vaccination certificate and patient history, patients were classified according to their vaccination status. Results from the study showed decreases in serum ferritin levels, clinical symptoms, improvement in oxygen saturation, early recovery in patients having diabetes and hypertension, and a substantial reduction in the overall duration of hospital stay in vaccinated patients compared to unvaccinated patients. Further, fully vaccinated patients showed better outcomes compared to single dose vaccinated and nonvaccinated patients. Taken together, our findings reaffirm the vaccine's effectiveness in reducing case fatality and promoting faster recovery compared to nonvaccinated patients. Efforts to increase the number of immunized subjects in the community help to achieve herd immunity and offer protection against the severity of COVID-19 and associated complications while minimizing the public health and economic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Korishettar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute (MMC&RI), Mysuru 570001, Karnataka, India;
| | - Prashanth Chikkahonnaiah
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute (MMC&RI), Mysuru 570001, Karnataka, India;
| | - SubbaRao V. Tulimilli
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Center), Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570004, Karnataka, India; (S.V.T.); (S.D.); (S.V.M.)
| | - Siva Dallavalasa
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Center), Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570004, Karnataka, India; (S.V.T.); (S.D.); (S.V.M.)
| | - Shashidhar H. Byrappa
- Department of Biochemistry, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)—Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India;
| | - SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Center), Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570004, Karnataka, India; (S.V.T.); (S.D.); (S.V.M.)
- Leader, Special Interest Group in Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells (SIG-CBCSC), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570004, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravindra P. Veeranna
- Department of Pathology, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute (MMC&RI), Mysuru 570001, Karnataka, India
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50
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Patel PR, Tanz LJ, Hamilton E, Swanzy K, Hymes JL, Giullian J, Novosad SA. Assessment of Provision of COVID-19 Vaccination in Dialysis Clinics and Patient Vaccination Coverage. JAMA Intern Med 2022; 182:676-678. [PMID: 35377396 PMCID: PMC8981065 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.0627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
This quality improvement study assesses COVID-19 vaccination in dialysis clinics, vaccination coverage, and disparities from December 1, 2020, to June 13, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti R Patel
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lauren J Tanz
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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