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Torcq L, Majello S, Vivier C, Schmidt AA. Tuning apicobasal polarity and junctional recycling in the hemogenic endothelium orchestrates the morphodynamic complexity of emerging pre-hematopoietic stem cells. eLife 2024; 12:RP91429. [PMID: 38809590 PMCID: PMC11136496 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells emerge in the embryo from an aortic-derived tissue called the hemogenic endothelium (HE). The HE appears to give birth to cells of different nature and fate but the molecular principles underlying this complexity are largely unknown. Here we show, in the zebrafish embryo, that two cell types emerge from the aortic floor with radically different morphodynamics. With the support of live imaging, we bring evidence suggesting that the mechanics underlying the two emergence types rely, or not, on apicobasal polarity establishment. While the first type is characterized by reinforcement of apicobasal polarity and maintenance of the apical/luminal membrane until release, the second type emerges via a dynamic process reminiscent of trans-endothelial migration. Interfering with Runx1 function suggests that the balance between the two emergence types depends on tuning apicobasal polarity at the level of the HE. In support of this and unexpectedly, we show that Pard3ba - one of the four Pard3 proteins expressed in the zebrafish - is sensitive to interference with Runx1 activity, in aortic endothelial cells. This supports the idea of a signaling cross talk controlling cell polarity and its associated features, between aortic and hemogenic cells. In addition, using new transgenic fish lines that express Junctional Adhesion Molecules and functional interference, we bring evidence for the essential role of ArhGEF11/PDZ-RhoGEF in controlling the HE-endothelial cell dynamic interface, including cell-cell intercalation, which is ultimately required for emergence completion. Overall, we highlight critical cellular and dynamic events of the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition that support emergence complexity, with a potential impact on cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Torcq
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris CitéParisFrance
- Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Sara Majello
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Catherine Vivier
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Anne A Schmidt
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris CitéParisFrance
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2
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Wilken MB, Fonar G, Nations C, Pavani G, Tsao V, Garifallou J, Tober J, Bennett L, Maguire JA, Gagne A, Okoli N, Gadue P, Chou ST, Speck NA, French DL, Thom CS. Tropomyosin 1 deficiency facilitates cell state transitions to enhance hemogenic endothelial cell specification during hematopoiesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.01.555861. [PMID: 37693628 PMCID: PMC10491315 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.01.555861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Tropomyosins coat actin filaments and impact actin-related signaling and cell morphogenesis. Genome-wide association studies have linked Tropomyosin 1 (TPM1) with human blood trait variation. Prior work suggested that TPM1 regulated blood cell formation in vitro, but it was unclear how or when TPM1 affected hematopoiesis. Using gene-edited induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model systems, TPM1 knockout was found to augment developmental cell state transitions, as well as TNFα and GTPase signaling pathways, to promote hemogenic endothelial (HE) cell specification and hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) production. Single-cell analyses showed decreased TPM1 expression during human HE specification, suggesting that TPM1 regulated in vivo hematopoiesis via similar mechanisms. Indeed, analyses of a TPM1 gene trap mouse model showed that TPM1 deficiency enhanced the formation of HE during embryogenesis. These findings illuminate novel effects of TPM1 on developmental hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison B Wilken
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Gennadiy Fonar
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Catriana Nations
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Giulia Pavani
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Victor Tsao
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - James Garifallou
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Joanna Tober
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Laura Bennett
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jean Ann Maguire
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alyssa Gagne
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Nkemdilim Okoli
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Paul Gadue
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Stella T Chou
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Nancy A Speck
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Deborah L French
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Christopher S Thom
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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3
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Kocere A, Lalonde RL, Mosimann C, Burger A. Lateral thinking in syndromic congenital cardiovascular disease. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm049735. [PMID: 37125615 PMCID: PMC10184679 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Syndromic birth defects are rare diseases that can present with seemingly pleiotropic comorbidities. Prime examples are rare congenital heart and cardiovascular anomalies that can be accompanied by forelimb defects, kidney disorders and more. Whether such multi-organ defects share a developmental link remains a key question with relevance to the diagnosis, therapeutic intervention and long-term care of affected patients. The heart, endothelial and blood lineages develop together from the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM), which also harbors the progenitor cells for limb connective tissue, kidneys, mesothelia and smooth muscle. This developmental plasticity of the LPM, which founds on multi-lineage progenitor cells and shared transcription factor expression across different descendant lineages, has the potential to explain the seemingly disparate syndromic defects in rare congenital diseases. Combining patient genome-sequencing data with model organism studies has already provided a wealth of insights into complex LPM-associated birth defects, such as heart-hand syndromes. Here, we summarize developmental and known disease-causing mechanisms in early LPM patterning, address how defects in these processes drive multi-organ comorbidities, and outline how several cardiovascular and hematopoietic birth defects with complex comorbidities may be LPM-associated diseases. We also discuss strategies to integrate patient sequencing, data-aggregating resources and model organism studies to mechanistically decode congenital defects, including potentially LPM-associated orphan diseases. Eventually, linking complex congenital phenotypes to a common LPM origin provides a framework to discover developmental mechanisms and to anticipate comorbidities in congenital diseases affecting the cardiovascular system and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Kocere
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Molecular Life Science, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert L. Lalonde
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christian Mosimann
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Alexa Burger
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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4
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Li H, Luo Q, Cai S, Tie R, Meng Y, Shan W, Xu Y, Zeng X, Qian P, Huang H. Glia maturation factor-γ is required for initiation and maintenance of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:117. [PMID: 37122014 PMCID: PMC10150485 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03328-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vertebrates, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) emerge from hemogenic endothelium in the floor of the dorsal aorta and subsequently migrate to secondary niches where they expand and differentiate into committed lineages. Glia maturation factor γ (gmfg) is a key regulator of actin dynamics that was shown to be highly expressed in hematopoietic tissue. Our goal is to investigate the role and mechanism of gmfg in embryonic HSPC development. METHODS In-depth bioinformatics analysis of our published RNA-seq data identified gmfg as a cogent candidate gene implicated in HSPC development. Loss and gain-of-function strategies were applied to study the biological function of gmfg. Whole-mount in situ hybridization, confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and western blotting were used to evaluate changes in the number of various hematopoietic cells and expression levels of cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and hematopoietic-related markers. RNA-seq was performed to screen signaling pathways responsible for gmfg deficiency-induced defects in HSPC initiation. The effect of gmfg on YAP sublocalization was assessed in vitro by utilizing HUVEC cell line. RESULTS We took advantage of zebrafish embryos to illustrate that loss of gmfg impaired HSPC initiation and maintenance. In gmfg-deficient embryos, the number of hemogenic endothelium and HSPCs was significantly reduced, with the accompanying decreased number of erythrocytes, myelocytes and lymphocytes. We found that blood flow modulates gmfg expression and gmfg overexpression could partially rescue the reduction of HSPCs in the absence of blood flow. Assays in zebrafish and HUVEC showed that gmfg deficiency suppressed the activity of YAP, a well-established blood flow mediator, by preventing its shuttling from cytoplasm to nucleus. During HSPC initiation, loss of gmfg resulted in Notch inactivation and the induction of Notch intracellular domain could partially restore the HSPC loss in gmfg-deficient embryos. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that gmfg mediates blood flow-induced HSPC maintenance via regulation of YAP, and contributes to HSPC initiation through the modulation of Notch signaling. Our findings reveal a brand-new aspect of gmfg function and highlight a novel mechanism for embryonic HSPC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghu Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyang Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruxiu Tie
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Meng
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangjun Zeng
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, People's Republic of China.
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Murayama E, Vivier C, Schmidt A, Herbomel P. Alcam-a and Pdgfr-α are essential for the development of sclerotome-derived stromal cells that support hematopoiesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1171. [PMID: 36859431 PMCID: PMC9977867 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36612-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells are essential components of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) niches, regulating HSPC proliferation and fates. Their developmental origins are largely unknown. In zebrafish, we previously found that the stromal cells of the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), a niche functionally homologous to the mammalian fetal liver, arise from the ventral part of caudal somites. We have now found that this ventral domain is the sclerotome, and that two markers of mammalian mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, Alcam and Pdgfr-α, are distinctively expressed there and instrumental for the emergence and migration of stromal cell progenitors, which in turn conditions the proper assembly of the vascular component of the CHT niche. Furthermore, we find that trunk somites are similarly dependent on Alcam and Pdgfr-α to produce mesenchymal cells that foster HSPC emergence from the aorta. Thus the sclerotome contributes essential stromal cells for each of the key steps of developmental hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Murayama
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Paris, 75015, France. .,INSERM, Paris, 75013, France. .,CNRS, UMR3738, Paris, 75015, France.
| | - Catherine Vivier
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Paris, 75015, France.,CNRS, UMR3738, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Anne Schmidt
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Paris, 75015, France.,CNRS, UMR3738, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Philippe Herbomel
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Paris, 75015, France.,CNRS, UMR3738, Paris, 75015, France
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6
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Vignes H, Vagena-Pantoula C, Vermot J. Mechanical control of tissue shape: Cell-extrinsic and -intrinsic mechanisms join forces to regulate morphogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 130:45-55. [PMID: 35367121 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
During vertebrate development, cells must proliferate, move, and differentiate to form complex shapes. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying the molecular and cellular processes involved in tissue morphogenesis is essential to understanding developmental programmes. Mechanical stimuli act as a major contributor of morphogenetic processes and impact on cell behaviours to regulate tissue shape and size. Specifically, cell extrinsic physical forces are translated into biochemical signals within cells, through the process of mechanotransduction, activating multiple mechanosensitive pathways and defining cell behaviours. Physical forces generated by tissue mechanics and the extracellular matrix are crucial to orchestrate tissue patterning and cell fate specification. At the cell scale, the actomyosin network generates the cellular tension behind the tissue mechanics involved in building tissue. Thus, understanding the role of physical forces during morphogenetic processes requires the consideration of the contribution of cell intrinsic and cell extrinsic influences. The recent development of multidisciplinary approaches, as well as major advances in genetics, microscopy, and force-probing tools, have been key to push this field forward. With this review, we aim to discuss recent work on how tissue shape can be controlled by mechanical forces by focusing specifically on vertebrate organogenesis. We consider the influences of mechanical forces by discussing the cell-intrinsic forces (such as cell tension and proliferation) and cell-extrinsic forces (such as substrate stiffness and flow forces). We review recently described processes supporting the role of intratissue force generation and propagation in the context of shape emergence. Lastly, we discuss the emerging role of tissue-scale changes in tissue material properties, extrinsic forces, and shear stress on shape establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Vignes
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1258 and Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | | | - Julien Vermot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1258 and Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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7
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Hemogenic and aortic endothelium arise from a common hemogenic angioblast precursor and are specified by the Etv2 dosage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2119051119. [PMID: 35333649 PMCID: PMC9060440 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2119051119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SignificanceHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are generated from specialized endothelial cells, called hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs). It has been debated whether HECs and non-HSC-forming conventional endothelial cells (cECs) arise from a common precursor or represent distinct lineages. Moreover, the molecular basis underlying their distinct fate determination is poorly understood. We use photoconvertible labeling, time-lapse imaging, and single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis to trace the lineage of HECs. We discovered that HECs and cECs arise from a common hemogenic angioblast precursor, and their distinct fate is determined by high or low dosage of Etv2, respectively. Our results illuminate the lineage origin and a mechanism on the fate determination of HECs, which may enhance the understanding on the ontogeny of HECs in vertebrates.
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8
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Schiavo RK, Tamplin OJ. Vascular endothelial growth factor c regulates hematopoietic stem cell fate in the dorsal aorta. Development 2022; 149:273762. [PMID: 34919128 PMCID: PMC8917412 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are multipotent cells that self-renew or differentiate to establish the entire blood hierarchy. HSPCs arise from the hemogenic endothelium of the dorsal aorta (DA) during development in a process called endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition. The factors and signals that control HSPC fate decisions from the hemogenic endothelium are not fully understood. We found that Vegfc has a role in HSPC emergence from the zebrafish DA. Using time-lapse live imaging, we show that some HSPCs in the DA of vegfc loss-of-function embryos display altered cellular behavior. Instead of typical budding from the DA, emergent HSPCs exhibit crawling behavior similar to myeloid cells. This was confirmed by increased myeloid cell marker expression in the ventral wall of the DA and the caudal hematopoietic tissue. This increase in myeloid cells corresponded with a decrease in HSPCs that persisted into larval stages. Together, our data suggest that Vegfc regulates HSPC emergence in the hemogenic endothelium, in part by suppressing a myeloid cell fate. Our study provides a potential signal for modulation of HSPC fate in stem cell differentiation protocols.
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9
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Sugden WW, North TE. Making Blood from the Vessel: Extrinsic and Environmental Cues Guiding the Endothelial-to-Hematopoietic Transition. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11101027. [PMID: 34685398 PMCID: PMC8539454 DOI: 10.3390/life11101027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that specialized subsets of endothelial cells carry out unique functions in specific organs and regions of the vascular tree. Perhaps the most striking example of this specialization is the ability to contribute to the generation of the blood system, in which a distinct population of “hemogenic” endothelial cells in the embryo transforms irreversibly into hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells that produce circulating erythroid, myeloid and lymphoid cells for the lifetime of an animal. This review will focus on recent advances made in the zebrafish model organism uncovering the extrinsic and environmental factors that facilitate hemogenic commitment and the process of endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition that produces blood stem cells. We highlight in particular biomechanical influences of hemodynamic forces and the extracellular matrix, metabolic and sterile inflammatory cues present during this developmental stage, and outline new avenues opened by transcriptomic-based approaches to decipher cell–cell communication mechanisms as examples of key signals in the embryonic niche that regulate hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wade W. Sugden
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Developmental and Regenerative Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Trista E. North
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Developmental and Regenerative Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence:
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10
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Hapln1b, a central organizer of the extracellular matrix, modulates kit signalling to control developmental haematopoiesis. Blood Adv 2021; 5:4935-4948. [PMID: 34543380 PMCID: PMC9152995 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During early vertebrate development, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are produced from hemogenic endothelium located in the dorsal aorta, before they migrate to a transient niche where they expand, the fetal liver and the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), in mammals and zebrafish, respectively. In zebrafish, previous studies have shown that the extracellular matrix (ECM) around the aorta needs to be degraded to allow HSPCs to leave the aortic floor and reach blood circulation. However, the role of the ECM components in HSPC specification has never been addressed. We show here that hapln1b, a key component of the ECM is specifically expressed in hematopoietic sites in the zebrafish embryo. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments all resulted in the absence of HSPCs in the early embryo, showing that hapln1b is required, at the correct level, to specify HSPCs in the hemogenic endothelium. Furthermore, we show that the expression of hapln1b is necessary to maintain the integrity of the ECM through its link domain. By combining functional analyses and computer modelling, we show that kitlgb interacts with the ECM to specify HSPCs. We demonstrate that the ECM is an integral component of the microenvironment and mediates cytokine signalling that is required for HSPC specification.
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11
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Li H, Luo Q, Shan W, Cai S, Tie R, Xu Y, Lin Y, Qian P, Huang H. Biomechanical cues as master regulators of hematopoietic stem cell fate. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5881-5902. [PMID: 34232331 PMCID: PMC8316214 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) perceive both soluble signals and biomechanical inputs from their microenvironment and cells themselves. Emerging as critical regulators of the blood program, biomechanical cues such as extracellular matrix stiffness, fluid mechanical stress, confined adhesiveness, and cell-intrinsic forces modulate multiple capacities of HSCs through mechanotransduction. In recent years, research has furthered the scientific community's perception of mechano-based signaling networks in the regulation of several cellular processes. However, the underlying molecular details of the biomechanical regulatory paradigm in HSCs remain poorly elucidated and researchers are still lacking in the ability to produce bona fide HSCs ex vivo for clinical use. This review presents an overview of the mechanical control of both embryonic and adult HSCs, discusses some recent insights into the mechanisms of mechanosensing and mechanotransduction, and highlights the application of mechanical cues aiming at HSC expansion or differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghu Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyang Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruxiu Tie
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Lin
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
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12
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Chalin D, Bureau C, Parmeggiani A, Rochal S, Kissa K, Golushko I. Modeling and live imaging of mechanical instabilities in the zebrafish aorta during hematopoiesis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9316. [PMID: 33927284 PMCID: PMC8085226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88667-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
All blood cells originate from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). HSPCs are formed from endothelial cells (ECs) of the dorsal aorta (DA), via endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT). The zebrafish is a primary model organism to study the process in vivo. While the role of mechanical stress in controlling gene expression promoting cell differentiation is actively investigated, mechanisms driving shape changes of the DA and individual ECs remain poorly understood. We address this problem by developing a new DA micromechanical model and applying it to experimental data on zebrafish morphogenesis. The model considers the DA as an isotropic tubular membrane subjected to hydrostatic blood pressure and axial stress. The DA evolution is described as a movement in the dimensionless controlling parameters space: normalized hydrostatic pressure and axial stress. We argue that HSPC production is accompanied by two mechanical instabilities arising in the system due to the plane stress in the DA walls and show how a complex interplay between mechanical forces in the system drives the emerging morphological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii Chalin
- Research and Education Center "Materials", Don State Technical University, 1 Gagarin Square, Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russia
| | - Charlotte Bureau
- LPHI, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrea Parmeggiani
- LPHI, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Sergei Rochal
- Faculty of Physics, Southern Federal University, Zorge 5, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Karima Kissa
- LPHI, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Ivan Golushko
- Research and Education Center "Materials", Don State Technical University, 1 Gagarin Square, Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russia.
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13
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Campinho P, Lamperti P, Boselli F, Vilfan A, Vermot J. Blood Flow Limits Endothelial Cell Extrusion in the Zebrafish Dorsal Aorta. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107505. [PMID: 32294443 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood flow modulates endothelial cell (EC) response during angiogenesis. Shear stress is known to control gene expression related to the endothelial-mesenchymal transition and endothelial-hematopoietic transition. However, the impact of blood flow on the cellular processes associated with EC extrusion is less well understood. To address this question, we dynamically record EC movements and use 3D quantitative methods to segregate the contributions of various cellular processes to the cellular trajectories in the zebrafish dorsal aorta. We find that ECs spread toward the cell extrusion area following the tissue deformation direction dictated by flow-derived mechanical forces. Cell extrusion increases when blood flow is impaired. Similarly, the mechanosensor polycystic kidney disease 2 (pkd2) limits cell extrusion, suggesting that ECs actively sense mechanical forces in the process. These findings identify pkd2 and flow as critical regulators of EC extrusion and suggest that mechanical forces coordinate this process by maintaining ECs within the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Campinho
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Paola Lamperti
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Francesco Boselli
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Andrej Vilfan
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany; J. Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Julien Vermot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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14
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Horton PD, Dumbali SP, Bhanu KR, Diaz MF, Wenzel PL. Biomechanical Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells in the Developing Embryo. CURRENT TISSUE MICROENVIRONMENT REPORTS 2021; 2:1-15. [PMID: 33937868 PMCID: PMC8087251 DOI: 10.1007/s43152-020-00027-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The contribution of biomechanical forces to hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) development in the embryo is a relatively nascent area of research. Herein, we address the biomechanics of the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT), impact of force on organelles, and signaling triggered by extrinsic forces within the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM), the primary site of HSC emergence. RECENT FINDINGS Hemogenic endothelial cells undergo carefully orchestrated morphological adaptations during EHT. Moreover, expansion of the stem cell pool during embryogenesis requires HSC extravasation into the circulatory system and transit to the fetal liver, which is regulated by forces generated by blood flow. Findings from other cell types also suggest that forces external to the cell are sensed by the nucleus and mitochondria. Interactions between these organelles and the actin cytoskeleton dictate processes such as cell polarization, extrusion, division, survival, and differentiation. SUMMARY Despite challenges of measuring and modeling biophysical cues in the embryonic HSC niche, the past decade has revealed critical roles for mechanotransduction in governing HSC fate decisions. Lessons learned from the study of the embryonic hematopoietic niche promise to provide critical insights that could be leveraged for improvement in HSC generation and expansion ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina D. Horton
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, MSB 4.130, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Immunology Program, MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sandeep P. Dumbali
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, MSB 4.130, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Krithikaa Rajkumar Bhanu
- Immunology Program, MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Miguel F. Diaz
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, MSB 4.130, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pamela L. Wenzel
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, MSB 4.130, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Immunology Program, MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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15
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Marcksl1 modulates endothelial cell mechanoresponse to haemodynamic forces to control blood vessel shape and size. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5476. [PMID: 33127887 PMCID: PMC7603353 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19308-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of vascular tubes is driven by extensive changes in endothelial cell (EC) shape. Here, we have identified a role of the actin-binding protein, Marcksl1, in modulating the mechanical properties of EC cortex to regulate cell shape and vessel structure during angiogenesis. Increasing and depleting Marcksl1 expression level in vivo results in an increase and decrease, respectively, in EC size and the diameter of microvessels. Furthermore, endothelial overexpression of Marcksl1 induces ectopic blebbing on both apical and basal membranes, during and after lumen formation, that is suppressed by reduced blood flow. High resolution imaging reveals that Marcksl1 promotes the formation of linear actin bundles and decreases actin density at the EC cortex. Our findings demonstrate that a balanced network of linear and branched actin at the EC cortex is essential in conferring cortical integrity to resist the deforming forces of blood flow to regulate vessel structure. During lumen formation in blood vessels, endothelial cells become exposed to hemodynamic forces that induce membrane blebbing and changes in cell shape. Here, the authors show endothelial cells develop an actin-based protective mechanism in the cell cortex that prevents excessive blebbing to control cell shape and vessel diameter.
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16
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Poullet N, Golushko I, Lorman V, Travnickova J, Bureau C, Chalin D, Rochal S, Parmeggiani A, Kissa K. Mechanical instabilities of aorta drive blood stem cell production: a live study. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3453-3464. [PMID: 31732791 PMCID: PMC11104984 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
During embryogenesis of all vertebrates, haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) extrude from the aorta by a complex process named endothelial-to-haematopoietic transition (EHT). HSPCs will then colonize haematopoietic organs allowing haematopoiesis throughout adult life. The mechanism underlying EHT including the role of each aortic endothelial cell (EC) within the global aorta dynamics remains unknown. In the present study, we show for the first time that EHT involves the remodelling of individual cells within a collective migration of ECs which is tightly orchestrated, resulting in HSPCs extrusion in the sub-aortic space without compromising aorta integrity. By performing a cross-disciplinary study which combines high-resolution 4D imaging and theoretical analysis based on the concepts of classical mechanics, we propose that this complex developmental process is dependent on mechanical instabilities of the aorta preparing and facilitating the extrusion of HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nausicaa Poullet
- DIMNP, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ivan Golushko
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Physics, Southern Federal University, 5 Zorge Str., Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Vladimir Lorman
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jana Travnickova
- DIMNP, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Charlotte Bureau
- DIMNP, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Dmitrii Chalin
- Faculty of Physics, Southern Federal University, 5 Zorge Str., Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Sergei Rochal
- Faculty of Physics, Southern Federal University, 5 Zorge Str., Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Andrea Parmeggiani
- DIMNP, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Karima Kissa
- DIMNP, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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17
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Campinho P, Vilfan A, Vermot J. Blood Flow Forces in Shaping the Vascular System: A Focus on Endothelial Cell Behavior. Front Physiol 2020; 11:552. [PMID: 32581842 PMCID: PMC7291788 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelium is the cell monolayer that lines the interior of the blood vessels separating the vessel lumen where blood circulates, from the surrounding tissues. During embryonic development, endothelial cells (ECs) must ensure that a tight barrier function is maintained whilst dynamically adapting to the growing vascular tree that is being formed and remodeled. Blood circulation generates mechanical forces, such as shear stress and circumferential stretch that are directly acting on the endothelium. ECs actively respond to flow-derived mechanical cues by becoming polarized, migrating and changing neighbors, undergoing shape changes, proliferating or even leaving the tissue and changing identity. It is now accepted that coordinated changes at the single cell level drive fundamental processes governing vascular network morphogenesis such as angiogenic sprouting, network pruning, lumen formation, regulation of vessel caliber and stability or cell fate transitions. Here we summarize the cell biology and mechanics of ECs in response to flow-derived forces, discuss the latest advances made at the single cell level with particular emphasis on in vivo studies and highlight potential implications for vascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Campinho
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France
- Department of Development and Stem Cells, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Andrej Vilfan
- Department of Living Matter Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, J. Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Julien Vermot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France
- Department of Development and Stem Cells, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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18
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Lundin V, Sugden WW, Theodore LN, Sousa PM, Han A, Chou S, Wrighton PJ, Cox AG, Ingber DE, Goessling W, Daley GQ, North TE. YAP Regulates Hematopoietic Stem Cell Formation in Response to the Biomechanical Forces of Blood Flow. Dev Cell 2020; 52:446-460.e5. [PMID: 32032546 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), first specified from hemogenic endothelium (HE) in the ventral dorsal aorta (VDA), support lifelong hematopoiesis. Their de novo production promises significant therapeutic value; however, current in vitro approaches cannot efficiently generate multipotent long-lived HSPCs. Presuming this reflects a lack of extrinsic cues normally impacting the VDA, we devised a human dorsal aorta-on-a-chip platform that identified Yes-activated protein (YAP) as a cyclic stretch-induced regulator of HSPC formation. In the zebrafish VDA, inducible Yap overexpression significantly increased runx1 expression in vivo and the number of CD41+ HSPCs downstream of HE specification. Endogenous Yap activation by lats1/2 knockdown or Rho-GTPase stimulation mimicked Yap overexpression and induced HSPCs in embryos lacking blood flow. Notably, in static human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived HE culture, compound-mediated YAP activation enhanced RUNX1 levels and hematopoietic colony-forming potential. Together, our findings reveal a potent impact of hemodynamic Rho-YAP mechanotransduction on HE fate, relevant to de novo human HSPC production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Lundin
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wade W Sugden
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Lindsay N Theodore
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Patricia M Sousa
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Areum Han
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Stephanie Chou
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Paul J Wrighton
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrew G Cox
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Donald E Ingber
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Wolfram Goessling
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - George Q Daley
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Trista E North
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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19
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Andrés-Delgado L, Ernst A, Galardi-Castilla M, Bazaga D, Peralta M, Münch J, González-Rosa JM, Marques I, Tessadori F, de la Pompa JL, Vermot J, Mercader N. Actin dynamics and the Bmp pathway drive apical extrusion of proepicardial cells. Development 2019; 146:dev.174961. [PMID: 31175121 PMCID: PMC6633599 DOI: 10.1242/dev.174961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The epicardium, the outer mesothelial layer enclosing the myocardium, plays key roles in heart development and regeneration. During embryogenesis, the epicardium arises from the proepicardium (PE), a cell cluster that appears in the dorsal pericardium (DP) close to the venous pole of the heart. Little is known about how the PE emerges from the pericardial mesothelium. Using a zebrafish model and a combination of genetic tools, pharmacological agents and quantitative in vivo imaging, we reveal that a coordinated collective movement of DP cells drives PE formation. We found that Bmp signaling and the actomyosin cytoskeleton promote constriction of the DP, which enables PE cells to extrude apically. We provide evidence that cell extrusion, which has been described in the elimination of unfit cells from epithelia and the emergence of hematopoietic stem cells, is also a mechanism for PE cells to exit an organized mesothelium and fulfil their developmental fate to form a new tissue layer, the epicardium. Summary: Proepicardial cells emerge from the pericardial mesothelium through apical extrusion, a process that depends on BMP signaling and actomyosin rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Andrés-Delgado
- Development of the Epicardium and its Role During Regeneration Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexander Ernst
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern 9, Switzerland
| | - María Galardi-Castilla
- Development of the Epicardium and its Role During Regeneration Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Bazaga
- Development of the Epicardium and its Role During Regeneration Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Peralta
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67411 Illkirch, France
| | - Juliane Münch
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development and Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Ciber CV, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M González-Rosa
- Development of the Epicardium and its Role During Regeneration Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inês Marques
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern 9, Switzerland
| | - Federico Tessadori
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and UMC Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - José Luis de la Pompa
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development and Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Ciber CV, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julien Vermot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67404 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67411 Illkirch, France
| | - Nadia Mercader
- Development of the Epicardium and its Role During Regeneration Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain .,Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern 9, Switzerland
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