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Park BH, Yun H, Jeong HJ. Soluble expression of recombinant coagulation factor IX protein using Escherichia coli. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101714. [PMID: 38681671 PMCID: PMC11052911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hemophilia B is a congenital bleeding disorder caused by factor IX (FIX) deficiency. Generation of recombinant FIX (rFIX) is required for detecting a Hemophilia B indicator, anti-FIX antibody. In this study, we described a method for producing recombinant FIX (rFIX) using Escherichia coli. We constructed a FIX-expressing plasmid without a fusion tag protein-encoding gene and produced rFIX as a soluble form within five days. Dose-dependent curve was obtained from ELISA using anti-FIX antibody, indicating that the rFIX can be used as an antigen to detect anti-FIX antibody with high affinity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Hee Park
- Industry-Academia Cooperation Foundation, Hongik University, 2639 Sejong-ro, Sejong-si, 30016, South Korea
| | - Hanool Yun
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, 2639 Sejong-ro, Sejong-si, 30016, South Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Jeong
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, 2639 Sejong-ro, Sejong-si, 30016, South Korea
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Feng B, Hu W, Duan Y, Li Z. A flexible 'plug and play' bicistronic construct and its application in the screening of protein expression system in Escherichia coli. J Microbiol Methods 2024; 221:106928. [PMID: 38583783 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.106928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The bicistronic expression system that utilizes fluorescent reporters has been demonstrated to be a straightforward method for detecting recombinant protein expression levels, particularly when compared to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblot analysis, which are tedious and labor-intensive. However, existing bicistronic reporter systems are less capable of quantitative measurement due to the lag in reporter expression and its negative impact on target protein. In this work, a plug and play bicistronic construct using mCherry as reporter was applied in the screening of optimal replicon and promoter for Sortase expression in Escherichia coli (E. coli). The bicistronic construct allowed the reporter gene and target open reading frame (ORF) to be co-transcribed under the same promoter, resulting in a highly positive quantitative correlation between the expression titer of Sortase and the fluorescent intensity (R2 > 0.97). With the correlation model, the titer of target protein can be quantified by noninvasively measuring the fluorescent intensity. On top of this, the expression of reporter has no significant effect on the yield of target protein, thus favoring a plug and play design for removing reporter gene to generate a plain plasmid for industrial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Feng
- Microbial and Viral Platform, WuXi Biologics (Hangzhou FTZ) Co., Ltd, #9, 388 of No.16 street, Baiyang Avenue, Hangzhou Free Trade Zone, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weiwei Hu
- Microbial and Viral Platform, WuXi Biologics (Hangzhou FTZ) Co., Ltd, #9, 388 of No.16 street, Baiyang Avenue, Hangzhou Free Trade Zone, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yingyi Duan
- Microbial and Viral Platform, WuXi Biologics (Hangzhou FTZ) Co., Ltd, #9, 388 of No.16 street, Baiyang Avenue, Hangzhou Free Trade Zone, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Zhaopeng Li
- Microbial and Viral Platform, WuXi Biologics (Hangzhou FTZ) Co., Ltd, #9, 388 of No.16 street, Baiyang Avenue, Hangzhou Free Trade Zone, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Guevara-Flores A, Nava-Balderas G, de Jesús Martínez-González J, Vásquez-Lima C, Rendón JL, del Arenal Mena IP. A Physiological Approach to Explore How Thioredoxin-Glutathione Reductase (TGR) and Peroxiredoxin (Prx) Eliminate H 2O 2 in Cysticerci of Taenia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:444. [PMID: 38671892 PMCID: PMC11047392 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) and glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) are the main enzymes of the thiol-dependent antioxidant systems responsible for reducing the H2O2 produced via aerobic metabolism or parasitic organisms by the host organism. These antioxidant systems maintain a proper redox state in cells. The cysticerci of Taenia crassiceps tolerate millimolar concentrations of this oxidant. To understand the role played by Prxs in this cestode, two genes for Prxs, identified in the genome of Taenia solium (TsPrx1 and TsPrx3), were cloned. The sequence of the proteins suggests that both isoforms belong to the class of typical Prxs 2-Cys. In addition, TsPrx3 harbors a mitochondrial localization signal peptide and two motifs (-GGLG- and -YP-) associated with overoxidation. Our kinetic characterization assigns them as thioredoxin peroxidases (TPxs). While TsPrx1 and TsPrx3 exhibit the same catalytic efficiency, thioredoxin-glutathione reductase from T. crassiceps (TcTGR) was five and eight times higher. Additionally, the latter demonstrated a lower affinity (>30-fold) for H2O2 in comparison with TsPrx1 and TsPrx3. The TcTGR contains a Sec residue in its C-terminal, which confers additional peroxidase activity. The aforementioned aspect implies that TsPrx1 and TsPrx3 are catalytically active at low H2O2 concentrations, and the TcTGR acts at high H2O2 concentrations. These results may explain why the T. crassiceps cysticerci can tolerate high H2O2 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Guevara-Flores
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70-159, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.G.-F.); (J.d.J.M.-G.); (C.V.-L.); (J.L.R.)
| | - Gabriela Nava-Balderas
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70-159, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - José de Jesús Martínez-González
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70-159, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.G.-F.); (J.d.J.M.-G.); (C.V.-L.); (J.L.R.)
| | - César Vásquez-Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70-159, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.G.-F.); (J.d.J.M.-G.); (C.V.-L.); (J.L.R.)
| | - Juan Luis Rendón
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70-159, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.G.-F.); (J.d.J.M.-G.); (C.V.-L.); (J.L.R.)
| | - Irene Patricia del Arenal Mena
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70-159, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.G.-F.); (J.d.J.M.-G.); (C.V.-L.); (J.L.R.)
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Metwally AA, Ganguly S, Biomi N, Yao M, Elbayoumi T. Cationic Vitamin E-TPGS Mixed Micelles of Berberine to Neutralize Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Amelioration of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Impeding Apoptosis. Molecules 2024; 29:1155. [PMID: 38474668 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Anthracycline antibiotics, namely, doxorubicin (DOX) and daunorubicin, are among the most widely used anticancer therapies, yet are notoriously associated with severe myocardial damage due to oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. Studies have indicated the strong pharmacological properties of Berberine (Brb) alkaloid, predominantly mediated via mitochondrial functions and nuclear networks. Despite the recent emphasis on Brb in clinical cardioprotective studies, pharmaceutical limitations hamper its clinical use. A nanoformulation for Brb was developed (mMic), incorporating a cationic lipid, oleylamine (OA), into the TPGS-mixed corona of PEGylated-phosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-PE) micelles. Cationic TPGS/PEG-PE mMic with superior Brb loading and stability markedly enhanced both intracellular and mitochondria-tropic Brb activities in cardiovascular muscle cells. Sub-lethal doses of Brb via cationic OA/TPGS mMic, as a DOX co-treatment, resulted in significant mitochondrial apoptosis suppression. In combination with an intense DOX challenge (up to ~50 µM), mitochondria-protective Brb-OA/TPGS mMic showed a significant 24 h recovery of cell viability (p ≤ 0.05-0.01). Mechanistically, the significant relative reduction in apoptotic caspase-9 and elevation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 seem to mediate the cardioprotective role of Brb-OA/TPGS mMic against DOX. Our report aims to demonstrate the great potential of cationic OA/TPGS-mMic to selectively enhance the protective mitohormetic effect of Brb to mitigate DOX cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader A Metwally
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Health Science Center (HSC), Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbasseya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Samayita Ganguly
- Parkinson's Disease Research Unit, Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Dignity Health/St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W. Thomas Rd., Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Nora Biomi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Program, New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, West Valley Campus, Arizona State University, N. 47th Ave & University Way, Glendale, AZ 85306, USA
| | - Mingyi Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Glendale Campus (CPG), College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, 218-Cholla Hall, 19555 N. 59th Ave., Glendale, AZ 85308, USA
- College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Dr. Arthur G. Dobbelaere Science Hall 350D, 19555 N. 59th Ave., Glendale, AZ 85308, USA
| | - Tamer Elbayoumi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Glendale Campus (CPG), College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, 218-Cholla Hall, 19555 N. 59th Ave., Glendale, AZ 85308, USA
- College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Dr. Arthur G. Dobbelaere Science Hall 350D, 19555 N. 59th Ave., Glendale, AZ 85308, USA
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Mohammadi S, Seyedalipour B, Hashemi SZ, Hosseinkhani S, Mohseni M. Implications of ALS-Associated Mutations on Biochemical and Biophysical Features of hSOD1 and Aggregation Formation. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-023-10619-y. [PMID: 38196030 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10619-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
One of the recognized motor neuron degenerative disorders is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). By now, several mutations have been reported and linked to ALS patients, some of which are induced by mutations in the human superoxide dismutase (hSOD1) gene. The ALS-provoking mutations are located throughout the structure of hSOD1 and promote the propensity to aggregate. Despite numerous investigations, the underlying mechanism related to the toxicity of mutant hSOD1 through the gain of a toxic function is still vague. We surveyed two mutant forms of hSOD1 by removing and adding cysteine at positions 146 and 72, respectively, to investigate the biochemical characterization and amyloid formation. Our findings predicted the harmful and destabilizing impact of two SOD1 mutants using multiple programs. The specific activity of the wild-type form was about 1.42- and 1.92-fold higher than that of C146R and G72C mutants, respectively. Comparative structural studies using CD spectropolarimetry, and intrinsic and ANS fluorescence showed alterations in secondary structure content, exposure of hydrophobic patches, and structural compactness of WT-hSOD1 vs. mutants. We demonstrated that two mutants were able to promote amyloid-like aggregates under amyloid induction circumstances (50-mM Tris-HCl pH 7.4, 0.2-M KSCN, 50-mM DTT, 37 °C, 190 rpm). Monitoring aggregates were done using an enhancement in thioflavin T fluorescence and alterations in Congo red absorption. The mutants accelerated fibrillation with subsequently greater fluorescence amplitude and a shorter lag time compared to WT-SOD1. These findings support the aggregation of ALS-associated SOD1 mutants as an integral part of ALS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeede Mohammadi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Bagher Seyedalipour
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Zohreh Hashemi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Saman Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Mohseni
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
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Qazi A, Comiskey S, Calzadilla N, Amin F, Sharma A, Khin E, Holton N, Weber CR, Saksena S, Kumar A, Alrefai WA, Gill RK. Potential Dietary and Therapeutic Strategies Involving Indole-3-Carbinole in Preclinical Models of Intestinal Inflammation. Nutrients 2023; 15:4980. [PMID: 38068838 PMCID: PMC10708520 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet-microbiota interactions are emerging as important contributors in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), characterized by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) transcription factor regulates xenobiotic metabolism and is activated by exogenous ligands, including indole-3-carbinole (I3C), which is found in cruciferous vegetables. However, studies investigating the impact of dietary I3C and AhR in preclinical models resembling human IBD are lacking. Mice (WT or AhR KO in IECs, 6-8 weeks) or SAMP/YitFC and AKR/J control (4 weeks, m/f) were fed an AhR ligand-depleted or I3C (200 ppm)-supplemented diet. There were increased levels of LPS and exacerbated inflammation, resulting in increased mortality in AhRΔIEC mice fed the AhR ligand-depleted diet in response to chronic DSS. The mechanisms underlying the protective effects of I3C supplementation during colonic colitis involved amelioration of intestinal inflammation and restoration of the altered gut microbiota, particularly the families of clostridicae and lachnospriaceae. Furthermore, the AhR-depleted diet led to the emergence of pathobiont Parvibacter caecicola in WT mice. SAMP/YitFc mice with spontaneous ileitis showed significant recovery in epithelial abnormalities when fed dietary I3C. These data demonstrate the critical role of AhR and the mechanisms of dietary I3C in maintaining epithelial homeostasis and ameliorating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Qazi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (A.Q.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (N.H.); (S.S.); (A.K.); (W.A.A.)
| | - Shane Comiskey
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (A.Q.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (N.H.); (S.S.); (A.K.); (W.A.A.)
| | - Nathan Calzadilla
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Fatimah Amin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (A.Q.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (N.H.); (S.S.); (A.K.); (W.A.A.)
| | - Anchal Sharma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (A.Q.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (N.H.); (S.S.); (A.K.); (W.A.A.)
| | - Ei Khin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (A.Q.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (N.H.); (S.S.); (A.K.); (W.A.A.)
| | - Nathaniel Holton
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (A.Q.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (N.H.); (S.S.); (A.K.); (W.A.A.)
| | | | - Seema Saksena
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (A.Q.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (N.H.); (S.S.); (A.K.); (W.A.A.)
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (A.Q.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (N.H.); (S.S.); (A.K.); (W.A.A.)
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Waddah A. Alrefai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (A.Q.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (N.H.); (S.S.); (A.K.); (W.A.A.)
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ravinder K. Gill
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (A.Q.); (S.C.); (F.A.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (N.H.); (S.S.); (A.K.); (W.A.A.)
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Saroha P, Rathore AS. Production of bioactive recombinant monoclonal antibody fragment in periplasm of Escherichia coli expression system. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 53:1288-1296. [PMID: 37040146 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2195482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
The microbial expression system (Escherichia coli) is the most widely studied host for the production of biotherapeutic products, such as antibody fragments, single chain variable fragments and nanobodies. However, recombinant biotherapeutic proteins are often expressed as insoluble proteins, thereby limiting the utility of E. coli as expression system. To overcome this limitation, various strategies have been developed, such as changes at DNA level (codon optimization), fusion with soluble tags and variations in process parameters (temperature), and inducer concentration. However, there is no "one size fits all" strategy. The most commonly used approach involves induction at low temperature, as reducing the temperature during cultivation has been reported to increase bioactive protein production in E. coli. In this study, we examine the impact of various process parameters, such as temperature and inducer concentration, as well as, high plasmid copy number vector for achieving enhanced soluble expression of TNFα inhibitor Fab. An interaction amongst these parameters has been observed and their optimization has been demonstrated to result in expression of 30 ± 3 mg/L antibody fragment using E. coli. This case study illustrates how process optimization can contribute toward making biotherapeutics affordable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Saroha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Anurag S Rathore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Li JD, Wu GP, Li LH, Wang LT, Liang YF, Fang RY, Zhang QL, Xie LL, Shen X, Shen YD, Xu ZL, Wang H, Hammock BD. Structural Insights into the Stability and Recognition Mechanism of the Antiquinalphos Nanobody for the Detection of Quinalphos in Foods. Anal Chem 2023; 95:11306-11315. [PMID: 37428097 PMCID: PMC10829938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanobodies (Nbs) have great potential in immunoassays due to their exceptional physicochemical properties. With the immortal nature of Nbs and the ability to manipulate their structures using protein engineering, it will become increasingly valuable to understand what structural features of Nbs drive high stability, affinity, and selectivity. Here, we employed an anti-quinalphos Nb as a model to illustrate the structural basis of Nbs' distinctive physicochemical properties and the recognition mechanism. The results indicated that the Nb-11A-ligand complexes exhibit a "tunnel" binding mode formed by CDR1, CDR2, and FR3. The orientation and hydrophobicity of small ligands are the primary determinants of their diverse affinities to Nb-11A. In addition, the primary factors contributing to Nb-11A's limited stability at high temperatures and in organic solvents are the rearrangement of the hydrogen bonding network and the enlargement of the binding cavity. Importantly, Ala 97 and Ala 34 at the active cavity's bottom and Arg 29 and Leu 73 at its entrance play vital roles in hapten recognition, which were further confirmed by mutant Nb-F3. Thus, our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the recognition and stability mechanisms of anti-hapten Nbs and shed new light on the rational design of novel haptens and directed evolution to produce high-performance antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Dong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guang-Pei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Li-Hua Li
- Future Technology Institute, South China Normal University, 510631, China
| | - Lan-Teng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yi-Fan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ru-Yu Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qiu-Ling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ling-Ling Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xing Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yu-Dong Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhen-Lin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-Davis, California 95616, United States
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Utami N, Nurdiani D, Hariyatun H, Putro EW, Patria FP, Kusharyoto W. Full-length versus truncated α-factor secretory signal sequences for expression of recombinant human insulin precursor in yeast Pichia pastoris: a comparison. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:67. [PMID: 37212962 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00521-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human insulin was the first FDA-approved biopharmaceutical drug produced through recombinant DNA technology. The previous studies successfully expressed recombinant human insulin precursors (HIP) in Pichia pastoris truncated and full-length α-factor recombinant clones. The matting α-factor (Matα), a signal secretion, direct the HIP protein into the culture media. This study aimed to compare the HIP expression from full-length and truncated α-factor secretory signals clones that grown in two types of media, buffered methanol complex medium (BMMY) and methanol basal salt medium (BSMM). RESULTS ImageJ analysis of the HIP's SDS-PAGE shows that the average HIP expression level of the recombinant P. pastoris truncated α-factor clone (CL4) was significantly higher compared to the full-length (HF7) when expressed in both media. Western blot analysis showed that the expressed protein was the HIP. The α-factor protein structure was predicted using the AlphaFold and visualized using UCSF ChimeraX to confirm the secretion ability for both clones. CONCLUSIONS CL4 clone, which utilized a truncated α-factor in the P. pastoris HIP expression cassette, significantly expressed HIP 8.97 times (in BMMY) and 1.17 times (in BSMM) higher than HF7 clone, which used a full-length α-factor secretory signal. This research confirmed that deletion of some regions of the secretory signal sequence significantly improved the efficiency of HIP protein expression in P. pastoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuruliawaty Utami
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia.
| | - Dini Nurdiani
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Hariyatun Hariyatun
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Eko Wahyu Putro
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Fadillah Putri Patria
- Laboratory Department, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences (i3L), Jakarta, Timur, 13210, Indonesia
| | - Wien Kusharyoto
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
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10
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Sutton WJH, Branham PJ, Williamson YM, Cooper HC, Najjar FN, Pierce-Ruiz CL, Barr JR, Williams TL. Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein expression from mRNA vaccines using isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Vaccine 2023:S0264-410X(23)00458-9. [PMID: 37202272 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The advent of mRNA vaccine technology has been vital in rapidly creating and manufacturing COVID-19 vaccines at an industrial scale. To continue to accelerate this leading vaccine technology, an accurate method is needed to quantify antigens produced by the transfection of cells with a mRNA vaccine product. This will allow monitoring of protein expression during mRNA vaccine development and provide information on how changes to vaccine components affects the expression of the desired antigen. Developing novel approaches that allow for high-throughput screening of vaccines to detect changes in antigen production in cell culture prior to in vivo studies could aid vaccine development. We have developed and optimized an isotope dilution mass spectrometry method to detect and quantify the spike protein expressed after transfection of baby hamster kidney cells with expired COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. Five peptides of the spike protein are simultaneously quantified and provide assurance that protein digestion in the region of the target peptides is complete since results between the five peptides had a relative standard deviation of less than 15 %. In addition, two housekeeping proteins, actin and GAPDH, are quantified in the same analytical run to account for any variation in cell growth within the experiment. IDMS allows a precise and accurate means to quantify protein expression by mammalian cells transfected with an mRNA vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J H Sutton
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Paul J Branham
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Yulanda M Williamson
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Hans C Cooper
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Fabio N Najjar
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Carrie L Pierce-Ruiz
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - John R Barr
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Tracie L Williams
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
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11
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Kongsinkaew C, Chittapun S, Piyapittayanun C, Boonyaratanakornkit V, Sooksai S, Ajariyakhajorn K, Pornpukdeewattana S, Krusong W, Laemthong T, Charoenrat T. Enhancing Antimicrobial Peptide Productivity in Pichia pastoris (Muts Strain) by Improving the Fermentation Process Based on Increasing the Volumetric Methanol Consumption Rate. Fermentation 2023; 9:277. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The instability of the protein expression in Pichia pastoris strains has been an issue for various peptide productions. Some modifications to the traditional fermentation process could potentially solve the problem. Here, we consider a four-stage fermentation process to express the CAP2 (cell-penetrating antimicrobial peptide 2) candidate in P. pastoris KM71H, a slow methanol utilization strain. During the fermentation process, CAP2 productivity is limited (6.15 ± 0.21 mg/L·h) by the low overall methanol consumption (approximately 645 g), which is mainly the result of the slow methanol utilization of the P. pastoris KM71H. To overcome this limitation, we increased the cell concentration two-fold prior to the induction stage. A fed-batch process with exponential and dissolved oxygen tension (DOT) stat feeding strategies was deployed to control the glycerol feed, resulting in an increase in cell concentration and enhancement of the volumetric methanol consumption rate. The improved fermentation process increased the overall methanol consumption (approximately 1070 g) and the CAP2 productivity (13.59 ± 0.24 mg/L·h) by 1.66 and 2.21 times, respectively. In addition, the CAP3 (cell-penetrating antimicrobial peptide 3) candidate could also be produced using this improved fermentation process at a high yield of 3.96 ± 0.02 g/L without any further optimization. Note that there was no oxygen limitation during the improved fermentation process operating at high cell density. This could be due to the controlled substrate addition via the DOT stat system.
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12
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Yang K, Wang Y, Li J, Du Y, Zhai Y, Liang D, Shen D, Ji R, Ren X, Peng H, Jing M, Dou D. The Pythium periplocum elicitin PpEli2 confers broad-spectrum disease resistance by triggering a novel receptor-dependent immune pathway in plants. Hortic Res 2023; 10:uhac255. [PMID: 37533673 PMCID: PMC10390855 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Elicitins are microbe-associated molecular patterns produced by oomycetes to elicit plant defense. It is still unclear whether elicitins derived from non-pathogenic oomycetes can be used as bioactive molecules for disease control. Here, for the first time we identify and characterize an elicitin named PpEli2 from the soil-borne oomycete Pythium periplocum, which is a non-pathogenic mycoparasite colonizing the root ecosystem of diverse plant species. Perceived by a novel cell surface receptor-like protein, REli, that is conserved in various plants (e.g. tomato, pepper, soybean), PpEli2 can induce hypersensitive response cell death and an immunity response in Nicotiana benthamiana. Meanwhile, PpEli2 enhances the interaction between REli and its co-receptor BAK1. The receptor-dependent immune response triggered by PpEli2 is able to protect various plant species against Phytophthora and fungal infections. Collectively, our work reveals the potential agricultural application of non-pathogenic elicitins and their receptors in conferring broad-spectrum resistance for plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Interaction and Crop Health, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Interaction and Crop Health, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jialu Li
- Key Laboratory of Biological Interaction and Crop Health, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yaxin Du
- Key Laboratory of Biological Interaction and Crop Health, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Zhai
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Dong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Interaction and Crop Health, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Danyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biological Interaction and Crop Health, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rui Ji
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xuexiang Ren
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | | | - Daolong Dou
- Key Laboratory of Biological Interaction and Crop Health, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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13
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Zhao W, Zhou LY, Kong J, Huang ZH, Gao YD, Zhang ZX, Zhou YJ, Wu RY, Xu HJ, An SJ. Expression of recombinant human Apolipoprotein A-I Milano in Nicotiana tabacum. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:4. [PMID: 38647895 PMCID: PMC10992485 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00623-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-IMilano (Apo A-IMilano) is a natural mutant of Apolipoprotein. It is currently the only protein that can clear arterial wall thrombus deposits and promptly alleviate acute myocardial ischemia. Apo A-IMilano is considered as the most promising therapeutic protein for treating atherosclerotic diseases without obvious toxic or side effects. However, the current biopharmaceutical platforms are not efficient for developing Apo A-IMilano. The objectives of this research were to express Apo A-IMilano using the genetic transformation ability of N. tabacum. The method is to clone the coding sequence of Apo A-IMilano into the plant binary expression vector pCHF3 with a Flag/His6/GFP tag. The constructed plasmid was transformed into N. tabacum by a modified agrobacterium-mediated method, and transformants were selected under antibiotic stress. PCR, RT-qPCR, western blot and co-localization analysis was used to further verify the resistant N. tabacum. The stable expression and transient expression of N. tabacum were established, and the pure product of Apo A-IMilano was obtained through protein A/G agarose. The results showed that Apo A-IMilano was expressed in N. tabacum with a yield of 0.05 mg/g leaf weight and the purity was 90.58% ± 1.65. The obtained Apo A-IMilano protein was subjected to amino acid sequencing. Compared with the theoretical sequence of Apo A-IMilano, the amino acid coverage was 86%, it is also found that Cysteine replaces Arginine at position 173, which indicates that Apo A-IMilano, a mutant of Apo A-I, is accurately expressed in N. tabacum. The purified Apo A-IMilano protein had a lipid binding activity. The established genetic modification N. tabacum will provide a cost-effective system for the production of Apo A-IMilano. Regarding the rapid propagation of N. tabacum, this system provides the possibility of large-scale production and accelerated clinical translation of Apo A-IMilano.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 Xinshi South Road, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Lu-Yang Zhou
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 Xinshi South Road, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 Xinshi South Road, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
- School of Nursing of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 Xinshi South Road, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Ze-Hao Huang
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 Xinshi South Road, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Ya-Di Gao
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 Xinshi South Road, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Zhong-Xia Zhang
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 Xinshi South Road, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
- School of Nursing of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 Xinshi South Road, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Yong-Jie Zhou
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 Xinshi South Road, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Ruo-Yu Wu
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 Xinshi South Road, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Hong-Jun Xu
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 Xinshi South Road, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China.
| | - Sheng-Jun An
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 Xinshi South Road, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China.
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14
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Kim H, Jeong IH, Choi YK, Lee YK, Moon E, Huh YH, Im W, Jin JO, Kwak M, Lee PCW. Suppression of Lung Cancer Malignancy by Micellized siRNA through Cell Cycle Arrest. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202358. [PMID: 36644959 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
UBA6-specific E2 conjugation enzyme 1 (USE1) is frequently overexpressed in lung cancer patients. Moreover, the critical role of USE1 in the progression of human lung cancer is also indicated. As the next step, the authors aim to develop USE1-targeted therapeutic agents based on RNA interference (RNAi). In this study, a lipid-modified DNA carrier, namely U4T, which consists of four consecutive dodec-1-ynyluracil (U) nucleobases to increase the cell permeability of siRNA targeting of USE1 is introduced. The U4Ts aggregate to form micelles, and the USE1-silencing siRNA-incorporated soft spherical nucleic acid aggregate (siSNA) can be created simply through base-pairing with siRNA. Treatment with siSNA is effective in suppressing tumor growth in vivo as well as cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells. Furthermore, siSNA inhibited tumor cell growth by inducing cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and apoptosis. Thus, the anti-tumor efficacy of siSNA in lung cancer cell lines and that siSNA possesses effective cell-penetrating ability without using cationic transfection moieties are confirmed. Collectively, these results suggest that siSNA can be applied to the clinical application of RNAi-based therapeutics for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haejoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.,Smart Gym-based Translational Research Center for Active Senior's Healthcare, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Ho Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Lung Cancer Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeol Kyo Choi
- Departments of Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Bioengineering, and Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Yeon Kyung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Moon
- Center for Electron Microscopy Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Hoon Huh
- Center for Electron Microscopy Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonpil Im
- Departments of Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Bioengineering, and Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Department of Microbiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry and Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.,Smart Gym-based Translational Research Center for Active Senior's Healthcare, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Lung Cancer Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
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15
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Anderson M, Padgett CM, Dargatz CJ, Nichols CR, Vittalam KR, DeVore NM. Engineering a Yellow Thermostable Fluorescent Protein by Rational Design. ACS Omega 2023; 8:436-443. [PMID: 36643458 PMCID: PMC9835079 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Thermal green protein (TGP) is an extremely stable, highly soluble synthetic green fluorescent protein. The quantum yield of TGP is lower than the closest related natural fluorescent protein, monomeric Azami-Green. We improved the thermal recovery of TGP through the introduction of a chromophore mutation, Q66E. Furthermore, we developed a yellow thermal protein (YTP) via mutation of histidine 193 to tyrosine. Incorporation of Q66E into YTP (YTP-E) improved chemostability and pH stability. Both YTP and YTP-E have superior thermostability compared to TGP or TGP-E. These proteins offer a new option for green or yellow fluorescence under harsh chemical or thermal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew
R. Anderson
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Missouri
State University, 901 South National Ave, Springfield, Missouri65897, United States
| | - Caitlin M. Padgett
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Missouri
State University, 901 South National Ave, Springfield, Missouri65897, United States
| | - Cammi J. Dargatz
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Missouri
State University, 901 South National Ave, Springfield, Missouri65897, United States
| | - Calysta R. Nichols
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Missouri
State University, 901 South National Ave, Springfield, Missouri65897, United States
| | - Keerti R. Vittalam
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Missouri
State University, 901 South National Ave, Springfield, Missouri65897, United States
- Greenwood
Laboratory School, 1024
E. Harrison, Springfield, Missouri65897, United
States
| | - Natasha M. DeVore
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Missouri
State University, 901 South National Ave, Springfield, Missouri65897, United States
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16
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Du JJ, Sastre D, Trastoy B, Roberts B, Deredge D, Klontz EH, Flowers MW, Sultana N, Guerin ME, Sundberg EJ. Mass Spectrometry-Based Methods to Determine the Substrate Specificities and Kinetics of N-Linked Glycan Hydrolysis by Endo-β-N-Acetylglucosaminidases. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2674:147-167. [PMID: 37258966 PMCID: PMC10988651 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3243-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a common posttranslational modification of proteins and refers to the covalent addition of glycans, chains of polysaccharides, onto proteins producing glycoproteins. The glycans influence the structure, function, and stability of proteins. They also play an integral role in the immune system, and aberrantly glycosylated proteins have wide ranging effects, including leading to diseases such as autoimmune conditions and cancer. Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) are produced in bacteria, fungi, and humans and are enzymes which modify glycans via the addition or subtraction of individual or multiple saccharides from glycans. One of the hurdles in studying these enzymes is determining the types of substrates each enzyme is specific for and the kinetics of enzymatic activity. In this chapter, we discuss methods which are currently used to study the substrate specificity and kinetics of CAZymes and introduce a novel mass spectrometry-based technique which enables the specificity and kinetics of CAZymes to be determined accurately and efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Du
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Diego Sastre
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Beatriz Trastoy
- Structural Glycobiology Laboratory, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Blaine Roberts
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daniel Deredge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Erik H Klontz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maria W Flowers
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nazneen Sultana
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Marcelo E Guerin
- Structural Glycobiology Laboratory, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Eric J Sundberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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17
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Yang K, Wang Y, Zhao H, Shen D, Dou D, Jing M. Novel EIicitin from Pythium oligandrum Confers Disease Resistance against Phytophthora capsici in Solanaceae Plants. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:16135-16145. [PMID: 36528808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The mycoparasite Pythium oligandrum is a nonpathogenic oomycete that can boost plant immune responses. Elicitins are microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) specifically produced by oomycetes that activate plant defense. Here, we identified a novel elicitin, PoEli8, from P. oligandrum that exhibits immunity-inducing activity in plants. In vitro-purified PoEli8 induced strong innate immune responses and enhanced resistance to the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora capsici in Solanaceae plants, including Nicotiana benthamiana, tomato, and pepper. Cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation triggered by the PoEli8 protein were dependent on the plant coreceptors receptor-like kinases (RLKs) BAK1 and SOBIR1. Furthermore, REli from N. benthamiana, a cell surface receptor-like protein (RLP) was implicated in the perception of PoEli8 in N. benthamiana. These results indicate the potential value of PoEli8 as a bioactive formula to protect Solanaceae plants against Phytophthora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hanqing Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Danyu Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Daolong Dou
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Maofeng Jing
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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18
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Xiang ZX, Gong JS, Shi JH, Liu CF, Li H, Su C, Jiang M, Xu ZH, Shi JS. High-efficiency secretory expression and characterization of the recombinant type III human-like collagen in Pichia pastoris. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:117. [PMID: 38647563 PMCID: PMC10992891 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen, the highest content protein in the body, has irreplaceable biological functions, and it is widespread concerned in food, beauty, and medicine with great market demand. The gene encoding the recombinant type III human-like collagen α1 chain fragment was integrated into P. pastoris genome after partial amino acids were substituted. Combined with promoter engineering and high-density fermentation technology, soluble secretory expression with the highest yield of 1.05 g L-1 was achieved using two-stage feeding method, and the purity could reach 96% after affinity purification. The determination of N/C-terminal protein sequence were consistent with the theoretical expectation and showed the characteristics of Gly-X-Y repeated short peptide sequence. In amino acid analysis, glycine shared 27.02% and proline 23.92%, which were in accordance with the characteristics of collagen. Ultraviolet spectrum combined with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as well as mass spectrometry demonstrated that the target product conformed to the characteristics of collagen spectrums and existed as homologous dimer and trimer in the broth. This work provided a sustainable and economically viable source of the recombinant type III human-like collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xiang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue No. 1800, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Song Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue No. 1800, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin-Hao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue No. 1800, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue No. 1800, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue No. 1800, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Su
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue No. 1800, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue No. 1800, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue No. 1800, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
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19
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Liu P, Zheng Y, Yuan Y, Zhang T, Li Q, Liang Q, Su T, Qi Q. Valorization of Polyethylene Terephthalate to Muconic Acid by Engineering Pseudomonas Putida. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231910997. [PMID: 36232310 PMCID: PMC9569715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231910997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic waste is rapidly accumulating in the environment and becoming a huge global challenge. Many studies have highlighted the role of microbial metabolic engineering for the valorization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste. In this study, we proposed a new conceptual scheme for upcycling of PET. We constructed a multifunctional Pseudomonas putida KT2440 to simultaneously secrete PET hydrolase LCC, a leaf-branch compost cutinase, and synthesize muconic acid (MA) using the PET hydrolysate. The final product MA and extracellular LCC can be separated from the supernatant of the culture by ultrafiltration, and the latter was used for the next round of PET hydrolysis. A total of 0.50 g MA was produced from 1 g PET in each cycle of the whole biological processes, reaching 68% of the theoretical conversion. This new conceptual scheme for the valorization of PET waste should have advantages over existing PET upcycling schemes and provides new ideas for the utilization of other macromolecular resources that are difficult to decompose, such as lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tianyuan Su
- Correspondence: (T.S.); (Q.Q.); Tel./Fax: +86-532-58632580 (Q.Q.)
| | - Qingsheng Qi
- Correspondence: (T.S.); (Q.Q.); Tel./Fax: +86-532-58632580 (Q.Q.)
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20
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Khandelwal R, Srivastava P, Bisaria VS. Expression of Escherichia coli malic enzyme gene in Zymomonas mobilis for production of malic acid. J Biotechnol 2022; 351:23-29. [PMID: 35483474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Malic acid is one of the organic acids which is used in various industries including food and pharmaceuticals. Biotechnological production of malic acid by an efficient microorganism is highly desirable as the process will be eco-friendly and cost-effective. In this study, malic acid synthesis by Zymomonas mobilis was studied by expressing Escherichia coli malic enzyme gene under Pchap, Ptac and Ppdc promoters. The mae+ recombinants were obtained by recombineering-based genomic integration of Pchap-mae, Ptac-mae and Ppdc-mae sequences. The Ppdc promoter showed the highest expression of malic enzyme and the Pchap the lowest. However, cell growth was limited in mae+ recombinant containing Ppdc promoter. The metabolic analysis showed the highest level of malic acid in Ppdc-mae recombinant (2.84 g/L), which was about eight times higher than that in the wild type strain. The study showed that these three promoters can be used to produce organic acids in Z. mobilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Khandelwal
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Preeti Srivastava
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Virendra Swarup Bisaria
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
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21
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Puranik A, Saldanha M, Dandekar P, Jain R. A comparison between analytical approaches for molecular weight estimation of proteins with variable levels of glycosylation. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:1223-1232. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amita Puranik
- Department of Chemical Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - Marianne Saldanha
- Department of Chemical Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - Prajakta Dandekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - Ratnesh Jain
- Department of Chemical Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai Maharashtra India
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22
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Maksum IP, Yosua Y, Nabiel A, Pratiwi RD, Sriwidodo S, Soedjanaatmadja UM. Refolding of bioactive human epidermal growth factor from E. coli BL21(DE3) inclusion bodies & evaluations on its in vitro & in vivo bioactivity. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09306. [PMID: 35497033 PMCID: PMC9039848 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) is a mitogenic protein widely used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, thus recombinant DNA technology has been applied to meet the high demand for hEGF. The overexpression of recombinant protein in E. coli often leads to the formation of inclusion bodies (IBs). Mild solubilisation preserves the native secondary protein structure in IBs, thereby the high recovery of active protein from IBs. The redox system also plays a pivotal role in the formation of disulphide bonds during refolding of disulphide bond-containing protein. This study aimed to recover hEGF from bacterial IBs through freeze-thawing solubilisation and glutathione-based oxidative refolding. CBD-Ssp DnaB-hEGF fusion protein was expressed as IBs in E. coli, washed with Triton X-100 and urea to remove most protein contaminants, then the solubilised fusion protein was obtained by freeze-thawing with the addition of 2 M urea. The solubilised protein was subsequently refolded by intein cleavage via a glutathione-based redox system. The refolded hEGF demonstrated heat-resistant properties, interacted with specific antibodies on ELISA, stimulated keratinocyte proliferation and possessed significant in vivo wound healing properties on the 8th day, confirming that hEGF was correctly folded. In summary, the protocol described is suitable for the recovery of refolded hEGF from bacterial IBs by mild solubilisation and oxidative refolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Permana Maksum
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yosua Yosua
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Nabiel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Riyona Desvy Pratiwi
- Research Centre of Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Science, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Sriwidodo Sriwidodo
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Ukun M.S. Soedjanaatmadja
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
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23
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Mali DN, Bondre VP. Japanese encephalitis genotype I virus-like particles stably expressed in BHK-21 cells serves as potential antigen in JE IgM ELISA. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022. [PMID: 35175398 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11825-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is one of the leading causes of epidemic encephalitis in South Asian countries. Due to the short-term viremia, detecting IgM antibodies by ELISA is treated as the front-line diagnostic assay. Co-circulation and multiple exposures to antigenically cross-reactive flaviviruses in India pose a challenge in serodiagnosis. Replacing the whole virus antigen currently used in the JE IgM detection kits (ELISA) may improve the specificity and sensitivity of the existing JE MAC ELISA kits. For this purpose, we developed a stably transfected cell clone, BHK-IE6, which expresses a high amount of VLPs up to 37 µg/ml and is consistent in expression up to 40 passages. For the expression of VLPs in the secretory form, we cloned the JEV G-I prM-E coding gene along with the C-terminal signal sequence of capsid protein in the BHK-21 cells using the pcDNA3.1 + mammalian expression vector. The immune assays performed demonstrated its immune reactivity equivalent to the parental JEV strain. Simultaneously performed ELISAs using the whole virus antigen and newly developed antigen gave comparable results for JE positive and negative samples, which established the utility of developed JEV E-VLP as an antigen. Reduced cross-reactivity and increased specificity were observed when tested with dual positive sera for anti-JEV and DENV antibodies. These findings confirm the efficiency and reliability of newly developed recombinant E-VLP antigen expressed by the BHK-IE6 cell clone as an antigen in serodiagnostic assays. The implementation and progress in developing cross-reactivity-reduced antigens would improve serodiagnosis and disease burden estimates of flavivirus infection. Key points • pcDNA3.1/JE-Sig-prM-E plasmid transfected BHK-21 cells stably express VLPs. • Sodium butyrate induction enhanced the extracellular expression of VLPs. • Application of JEV-E VLPs increases the specificity of JE IgM ELISA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-022-11825-1.
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24
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Walther J, Wilbie D, Tissingh VSJ, Öktem M, van der Veen H, Lou B, Mastrobattista E. Impact of Formulation Conditions on Lipid Nanoparticle Characteristics and Functional Delivery of CRISPR RNP for Gene Knock-Out and Correction. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010213. [PMID: 35057110 PMCID: PMC8778360 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR-Cas9 system is an emerging therapeutic tool with the potential to correct diverse genetic disorders. However, for gene therapy applications, an efficient delivery vehicle is required, capable of delivering the CRISPR-Cas9 components into the cytosol of the intended target cell population. In this study, we optimized the formulation conditions of lipid nanoparticles (LNP) for delivery of ready-made CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleic protein (RNP). The buffer composition during complexation and relative DOTAP concentrations were varied for LNP encapsulating in-house produced Cas9 RNP alone or Cas9 RNP with additional template DNA for gene correction. The LNP were characterized for size, surface charge, and plasma interaction through asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4). Particles were functionally screened on fluorescent reporter cell lines for gene knock-out and gene correction. This revealed incompatibility of RNP with citrate buffer and PBS. We demonstrated that LNP for gene knock-out did not necessarily require DOTAP, while LNP for gene correction were only active with a low concentration of DOTAP. The AF4 studies additionally revealed that LNP interact with plasma, however, remain stable, whereby HDR template seems to favor stability of LNP. Under optimal formulation conditions, we achieved gene knock-out and gene correction efficiencies as high as 80% and 20%, respectively, at nanomolar concentrations of the CRISPR-Cas9 RNP.
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25
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Abstract
Studying protein complexes in vitro requires the production of a relatively pure sample that maintains the full complement, native organization, and function of that complex. This can be particularly challenging to achieve for large, multi-component, membrane embedded complexes using the traditional recombinant expression and reconstitution methodologies. However, using affinity capture from native cells, suitable whole endogenous protein complexes can be isolated. Here we present a protocol for the affinity isolation of baker's yeast (S. cerevisiae) nuclear pore complexes, which are ~50 MDa assemblies made up of 552 distinct proteins and embedded in a double-membraned nuclear envelope. Producing this sample allowed us for the first time to perform analyses to characterize the mass, stoichiometry, morphology, and connectivity of this complex and to obtain its integrative structure with ~9 Å precision. We believe this methodology can be applied to other challenging protein complexes to produce similar results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Nudelman
- Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Fisher Drug Discovery Resource Center (DDRC), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Javier Fernandez-Martinez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Michael P Rout
- Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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26
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Nouri R, Jiang Y, Tang Z, Lian XL, Guan W. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 with Solid-State CRISPR-Cas12a-Assisted Nanopores. Nano Lett 2021; 21:8393-8400. [PMID: 34542296 PMCID: PMC8491552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 caused the disease COVID-19 to spread globally. Specific and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 facilitates early intervention and prevents the disease from spreading. Here, we present a solid-state CRISPR-Cas12a-assisted nanopore (SCAN) sensing strategy for the specific detection of SARS-CoV-2. We introduced a nanopore-sized counting method to measure the cleavage ratio of reporters, which is used as a criterion for positive/negative classification. A kinetic cleavage model was developed and validated to predict the reporter size distributions. The model revealed the trade-offs between sensitivity, turnaround time, and false-positive rate of the SARS-CoV-2 SCAN. With preamplification and a 30 min CRISPR Cas12a assay, we achieved excellent specificity against other common human coronaviruses and a limit of detection of 13.5 copies/μL (22.5 aM) of viral RNA at a confidence level of 95%. These results suggested that the SCAN could provide a rapid, sensitive, and specific analysis of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Nouri
- Department of Electrical Engineering,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802, United States
| | - Yuqian Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802, United States
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802, United States
| | - Zifan Tang
- Department of Electrical Engineering,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802, United States
| | - Xiaojun Lance Lian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802, United States
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802, United States
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State
University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United
States
| | - Weihua Guan
- Department of Electrical Engineering,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802, United States
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27
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Zeballos N, Diamanti E, Benítez-Mateos AI, Schmidt-Dannert C, López-Gallego F. Solid-Phase Assembly of Multienzyme Systems into Artificial Cellulosomes. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1966-1972. [PMID: 34410702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We herein describe a bioinspired solid-phase assembly of a multienzyme system scaffolded on an artificial cellulosome. An alcohol dehydrogenase and an ω-transaminase were fused to cohesin and dockerin domains to drive their sequential and ordered coimmobilization on agarose porous microbeads. The resulting immobilized scaffolded enzymatic cellulosome was characterized through quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation and confocal laser scanning microscopy to demonstrate that both enzymes interact with each other and physically colocalize within the microbeads. Finally, the assembled multifunctional heterogeneous biocatalyst was tested for the one-pot conversion of alcohols into amines. By using the physically colocalized enzymatic system confined into porous microbeads, the yield of the corresponding amine was 1.3 and 10 times higher than the spatially segregated immobilized system and the free enzymes, respectively. This work establishes the basis of a new concept to organize multienzyme systems at the nanoscale within solid and porous immobilization carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoll Zeballos
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Eleftheria Diamanti
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ana I Benítez-Mateos
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Claudia Schmidt-Dannert
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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28
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Yang K, Dong X, Li J, Wang Y, Cheng Y, Zhai Y, Li X, Wei L, Jing M, Dou D. Type 2 Nep1-Like Proteins from the Biocontrol Oomycete Pythium oligandrum Suppress Phytophthora capsici Infection in Solanaceous Plants. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:496. [PMID: 34206578 PMCID: PMC8303654 DOI: 10.3390/jof7070496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As a non-pathogenic oomycete, the biocontrol agent Pythium oligandrum is able to control plant diseases through direct mycoparasite activity and boosting plant immune responses. Several P. oligandrum elicitors have been found to activate plant immunity as microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Necrosis- and ethylene-inducing peptide 1 (Nep1)-like proteins (NLPs) are a group of MAMPs widely distributed in eukaryotic and prokaryotic plant pathogens. However, little is known about their distribution and functions in P. oligandrum and its sister species Pythium periplocum. Here, we identified a total of 25 NLPs from P. oligandrum (PyolNLPs) and P. periplocum (PypeNLPs). Meanwhile, we found that PyolNLPs/PypeNLPs genes cluster in two chromosomal segments, and our analysis suggests that they expand by duplication and share a common origin totally different from that of pathogenic oomycetes. Nine PyolNLPs/PypeNLPs induced necrosis in Nicotiana benthamiana by agroinfiltration. Eight partially purified PyolNLPs/PypeNLPs were tested for their potential biocontrol activity. PyolNLP5 and PyolNLP7 showed necrosis-inducing activity in N. benthamiana via direct protein infiltration. At sufficient concentrations, they both significantly reduced disease severity and suppressed the in planta growth of Phytophthora capsici in solanaceous plants including N. benthamiana (tobacco), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) and Capsicum annuum (pepper). Our assays suggest that the Phytophthora suppression effect of PyolNLP5 and PyolNLP7 is irrelevant to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Instead, they induce the expression of antimicrobial plant defensin genes, and the induction depends on their conserved nlp24-like peptide pattern. This work demonstrates the biocontrol role of two P. oligandrum NLPs for solanaceous plants, which uncovers a novel approach of utilizing NLPs to develop bioactive formulae for oomycete pathogen control with no ROS-caused injury to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (K.Y.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Xiaohua Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (K.Y.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jialu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (K.Y.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yi Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (K.Y.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yang Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (K.Y.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Ying Zhai
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Lihui Wei
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
| | - Maofeng Jing
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (K.Y.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Daolong Dou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (K.Y.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
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Conde-Rubio MDC, Mylonas R, Widmann C. The proteolytic landscape of cells exposed to non-lethal stresses is shaped by executioner caspases. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:164. [PMID: 34226511 PMCID: PMC8257705 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells are in constant adaptation to environmental changes to insure their proper functioning. When exposed to stresses, cells activate specific pathways to elicit adaptive modifications. Those changes can be mediated by selective modulation of gene and protein expression as well as by post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and proteolytic processing. Protein cleavage, as a controlled and limited post-translational modification, is involved in diverse physiological processes such as the maintenance of protein homeostasis, activation of repair pathways, apoptosis and the regulation of proliferation. Here we assessed by quantitative proteomics the proteolytic landscape in two cell lines subjected to low cisplatin concentrations used as a mild non-lethal stress paradigm. This landscape was compared to the one obtained in the same cells stimulated with cisplatin concentrations inducing apoptosis. These analyses were performed in wild-type cells and in cells lacking the two main executioner caspases: caspase-3 and caspase-7. Ninety-two proteins were found to be cleaved at one or a few sites (discrete cleavage) in low stress conditions compared to four hundred and fifty-three in apoptotic cells. Many of the cleaved proteins in stressed cells were also found to be cleaved in apoptotic conditions. As expected, ~90% of the cleavage events were dependent on caspase-3/caspase-7 in apoptotic cells. Strikingly, upon exposure to non-lethal stresses, no discrete cleavage was detected in cells lacking caspase-3 and caspase-7. This indicates that the proteolytic landscape in stressed viable cells fully depends on the activity of executioner caspases. These results suggest that the so-called executioner caspases fulfill important stress adaptive responses distinct from their role in apoptosis. Mass spectrometry data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD023488.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roman Mylonas
- Protein Analysis Facility, University of Lausanne, Génopode, Lausanne, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Amphipole, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Widmann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Bugnon 7, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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30
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Doering U, Grigoriev D, Tapio K, Rosencrantz S, Rosencrantz RR, Bald I, Böker A. About the mechanism of ultrasonically induced protein capsule formation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:16152-16157. [PMID: 35479145 PMCID: PMC9031429 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08100k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a consistent mechanism of protein microcapsule formation upon ultrasound treatment. Aqueous suspensions of bovine serum albumin (BSA) microcapsules filled with toluene are prepared by use of high-intensity ultrasound following a reported method. Stabilization of the oil-in-water emulsion by the adsorption of the protein molecules at the interface of the emulsion droplets is accompanied by the creation of the cross-linked capsule shell due to formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds caused by highly reactive species like superoxide radicals generated sonochemically. The evidence for this mechanism, which until now remained elusive and was not proven properly, is presented based on experimental data from SDS-PAGE, Raman spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. A consistent mechanism of protein microcapsule formation upon ultrasound treatment is proposed. The evidence for this mechanism is based on experimental data from SDS-PAGE, Raman spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Doering
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Dmitry Grigoriev
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Kosti Tapio
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Sophia Rosencrantz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Ruben R Rosencrantz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Ilko Bald
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Alexander Böker
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 14476 Potsdam Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam Germany
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Alonso Villela SM, Ghezal-Kraïem H, Bouhaouala-Zahar B, Bideaux C, Aceves Lara CA, Fillaudeau L. Effect of temperature on the production of a recombinant antivenom in fed-batch mode. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:1017-30. [PMID: 33443635 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In the pharmaceutical industry, nanobodies show promising properties for its application in serotherapy targeting the highly diffusible scorpion toxins. The production of recombinant nanobodies in Escherichia coli has been widely studied in shake flask cultures in rich medium. However, there are no upstream bioprocess studies of nanobody production in defined minimal medium and the effect of the induction temperature on the production kinetics. In this work, the effect of the temperature during the expression of the chimeric bispecific nanobody CH10-12 form, showing high scorpion antivenom potential, was studied in bioreactor cultures of E. coli. High biomass concentrations (25 g cdw/L) were achieved in fed-batch mode, and the expression of the CH10-12 nanobody was induced at temperatures 28, 29, 30, 33, and 37°C with a constant glucose feed. For the bispecific form NbF12-10, the induction was performed at 29°C. Biomass and carbon dioxide yields were reported for each culture phase, and the maintenance coefficient was obtained for each strain. Nanobody production in the CH10-12 strain was higher at low temperatures (lower than 30°C) and declined with the increase of the temperature. At 29°C, the CH10-12, NbF12-10, and WK6 strains were compared. Strains CH10-12 and NbF12-10 had a productivity of 0.052 and 0.021 mg/L/h of nanobody, respectively, after 13 h of induction. The specific productivity of the nanobodies was modeled as a function of the induction temperature and the specific growth rates. Experimental results confirm that low temperatures increase the productivity of the nanobody.Key points• Nanobodies with scorpion antivenom activity produced using two recombinant strains.• Nanobodies production was achieved in fed-batch cultures at different induction temperatures.• Low induction temperatures result in high volumetric productivities of the nanobody CH10-12.
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De Luca V, Petreni A, Nocentini A, Scaloni A, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Effect of Sulfonamides and Their Structurally Related Derivatives on the Activity of ι-Carbonic Anhydrase from Burkholderia territorii. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020571. [PMID: 33430028 PMCID: PMC7827628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are essential metalloenzymes in nature, catalyzing the carbon dioxide reversible hydration into bicarbonate and proton. In humans, breathing and many other critical physiological processes depend on this enzymatic activity. The CA superfamily function and inhibition in pathogenic bacteria has recently been the object of significant advances, being demonstrated to affect microbial survival/virulence. Targeting bacterial CAs may thus be a valid alternative to expand the pharmacological arsenal against the emergence of widespread antibiotic resistance. Here, we report an extensive study on the inhibition profile of the recently discovered ι-CA class present in some bacteria, including Burkholderia territorii, namely BteCAι, using substituted benzene-sulfonamides and clinically licensed sulfonamide-, sulfamate- and sulfamide-type drugs. The BteCAι inhibition profile showed: (i) several benzene-sulfonamides with an inhibition constant lower than 100 nM; (ii) a different behavior with respect to other α, β and γ-CAs; (iii) clinically used drugs having a micromolar affinity. This prototype study contributes to the initial recognition of compounds which efficiently and selectively inhibit a bacterial member of the ι-CA class, for which such a selective inhibition with respect to other protein isoforms present in the host is highly desired and may contribute to the development of novel antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana De Luca
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, CNR, via Argine 1085, 80147 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Andrea Petreni
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, CNR, via Argine 1085, 80147 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence: (C.T.S.); (C.C.); Tel.: +39-055-4573729 (C.T.S.); +39-081-613-2559 (C.C.)
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
- Correspondence: (C.T.S.); (C.C.); Tel.: +39-055-4573729 (C.T.S.); +39-081-613-2559 (C.C.)
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Mishra B, Murthy G, Sahoo B, Uhm SJ, Gupta MK. Combinatorial ethanol treatment increases the overall productivity of recombinant hG-CSF in E. coli: a comparative study. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:9135-9145. [PMID: 32945902 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10899-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (hG-CSF) is a cytokine that regulates the proliferation, maturation, and differentiation of precursor cells to neutrophils. In the present study, we report the feasibility of inducing recombinant hG-CSF expression (rhG-CSF) in a pET vector system by combinatorial induction using low-concentration ethanol, IPTG, and lactose and auto-induction media (AIM). The coding sequence of hG-CSF transcript variant 2 was expressed in pET14 vector, and the effect of combinatorial induction was analyzed on inclusion body (IB) formation, biomass, protein purification, and bioactivity. Results showed that there was an inverse relationship between the temperature and soluble expression of rhG-CSF. Three-step washing with Triton-X, 2 M, and 5 M urea resulted in the maximum recovery of IBs. Combinatorial single-spike induction with IPTG, ethanol, and lactose in a batch culture led to a 3-fold increase in the expression of rhG-CSF. It was also observed that low concentration of ethanol (1-3% v/v) could be used in lieu of IPTG for inducing the rhG-CSF protein expression without adversely affecting biomass production. A 2.4-fold increase in productivity was obtained in LB-AIM media with combinatorial ethanol induction, and the overall yield of 2.8 g/L rhG-CSF was found. The purified rhG-CSF was bioactive and increased the cellular proliferation of umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (U-MSC) by 29%. In conclusion, our study shows that combined ethanol induction can enhance the expression of rhG-CSF with three-step washing for recovery of the proteins from IBs and a single-step purification of rhG-CSF by affinity chromatography. KEY POINTS: • Low concentration of ethanol (1-3%) could be used in lieu of IPTG for inducing rhG-CSF expression. • Combinatorial single-spike induction with IPTG, ethanol, and lactose improved rhG-CSF expression. • Purified rhG-CSF was bioactive and increased the proliferation of U-MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaram Mishra
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Giridharan Murthy
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Bijayalaxmi Sahoo
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Sang Jun Uhm
- Department of Animal Science, Sangji University, Wonju, 26339, South Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Gupta
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
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Alonso Villela SM, Kraïem H, Bouhaouala-Zahar B, Bideaux C, Aceves Lara CA, Fillaudeau L. A protocol for recombinant protein quantification by densitometry. Microbiologyopen 2020; 9:1175-1182. [PMID: 32255275 PMCID: PMC7294310 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein purity is generally checked using SDS‐PAGE, where densitometry could be used to quantify the protein bands. In literature, few studies have been reported using image analysis for the quantification of protein in SDS‐PAGE: that is, imaged with Stain‐Free™ technology. This study presents a protocol of image analysis for electrophoresis gels that allows the quantification of unknown proteins using the molecular weight markers as protein standards. Escherichia coli WK6/pHEN6 encoding the bispecific nanobody CH10‐12 engineered by the Pasteur Institute of Tunisia was cultured in a bioreactor and induced with isopropyl β‐D‐1‐thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) at 28°C for 12 hr. Periplasmic proteins extracted by osmotic shock were purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). Images of the SDS‐PAGE gels were analyzed using ImageJ, and the lane profiles were obtained in grayscale and uncalibrated optical density. Protein load and peak area were linearly correlated, and optimal image processing was then performed by background subtraction using the rolling ball algorithm with radius size 250 pixels. No brightness and contrast adjustment was applied. The production of the nanobody CH10‐12 was obtained through a fed‐batch strategy and quantified using the band of 50 kDa in the marker as reference for 750 ng of recombinant protein. The molecular weight marker was used as a sole protein standard for protein quantification in SDS‐PAGE gel images.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hazar Kraïem
- Laboratoire des Venins et Molécules Thérapeutiques, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Balkiss Bouhaouala-Zahar
- Laboratoire des Venins et Molécules Thérapeutiques, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Carine Bideaux
- TBI, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Luc Fillaudeau
- TBI, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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