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Du TH, Yin C, Gui LY, Liang JJ, Liu SN, Fu BL, He C, Yang J, Wei XG, Gong PP, Huang MJ, Xue H, Hu JY, Du H, Ji Y, Zhang R, Wang C, Zhang CJ, Yang X, Zhang YJ. Over-expression of UDP-glycosyltransferase UGT353G2 confers resistance to neonicotinoids in whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). Pestic Biochem Physiol 2023; 196:105635. [PMID: 37945266 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, comes up high metabolic resistance to most neonicotinoids in long-term evolution, which is the key problem of pest control. UGT glycosyltransferase, as a secondary detoxification enzyme, plays an indispensable role in detoxification metabolism. In this study, UGT inhibitors, 5-nitrouracil and sulfinpyrazone, dramatically augmented the toxic damage of neonicotinoids to B. tabaci. A UGT named UGT353G2 was identified in whitefly, which was notably up-regulated in resistant strain (3.92 folds), and could be induced by most neonicotinoids. Additionally, the using of RNA interference (RNAi) suppresses UGT353G2 substantially increased sensitivity to neonicotinoids in resistant strain. Our results support that UGT353G2 may be involved in the neonicotinoids resistance of whitefly. These findings will help further verify the functional role of UGTs in neonicotinoid resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Hua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Cheng Yin
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Lian-You Gui
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Jin-Jin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shao-Nan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bu-Li Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chao He
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xue-Gao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Pei-Pan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ming-Jiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jin-Yu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - He Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Cheng-Jia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - You-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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2
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Wang HL, Rao Q, Chen ZZ. Identifying potential insecticide resistance markers through genomic-level comparison of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) lines. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2023; 114:e22034. [PMID: 37434515 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The invasive whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) MED is one of the most economically damaging plant pests. The extensive use of insecticide over decades has led to that the invasive B. tabaci MED has developed resistance to a wide range of insecticide classes, but little is known about the genetic background associated with resistance. To this end, we conducted a comparative genome-wide analysis of single-base nucleotide polymorphisms between MED whitefly lines collected from fields that were recently infested and an insecticide-susceptible MED whitefly line collected in 1976. First, low-coverage genome sequencings were conducted on DNA isolated from individual whiteflies. The sequencing results were evaluated using an available B. tabaci MED genome as a reference. Significant genetic differences were discovered between MED whitefly lines collected from fields that were recently infested and an insecticide-susceptible MED whitefly line based on the principal component analyses. Top GO categories and KEGG pathways that might be involved in insecticide resistance development were identified, and several of them have not been previously associated with resistance. Additionally, we identified several genetic loci with novel variations including Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), esterase, carboxyl-esterases (COE), ABC transporters, fatty acyl-CoA reductase, voltage-gated sodium channels, GABA receptor, and cuticle proteins (CPs) that were previously reported to have close associations with pesticide resistance in well-studied insect groups that provide an essential resource for the design of insecticide resistance-linked loci arrays insecticide. Our results was obtained solely on resequencing genome data sets, more pesticide bio-assays combined with omics datasets should be further used to verify the markers identified here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Ling Wang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, China
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Kent, UK
| | - Qiong Rao
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Zhu Chen
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, China
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3
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Yang J, Fu B, Gong P, Zhang C, Wei X, Yin C, Huang M, He C, Du T, Liang J, Liu S, Ji Y, Xue H, Wang C, Hu J, Du H, Zhang R, Yang X, Zhang Y. CYP6CX2 and CYP6CX3 mediate thiamethoxam resistance in field whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera:Aleyrodidae). J Econ Entomol 2023; 116:1342-1351. [PMID: 37208311 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are well-known for their crucial roles in the detoxification of xenobiotics. However, whether CYP6CX2 and CYP6CX3, 2 genes from our Bemisia tabaci (B. tabaci) MED/Q genome data were associated with detoxification metabolism and confer resistance to thiamethoxam is unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of CYP6CX2 and CYP6CX3 in mediating whitefly thiamethoxam resistance. Our results showed that mRNA levels of CYP6CX2 and CYP6CX3 were up-regulated after exposure to thiamethoxam. Transcriptional levels of 2 genes were overexpressed in laboratory and field thiamethoxam resistant strains by RT-qPCR. These results indicate that the enhanced expression of CYP6CX2 and CYP6CX3 appears to confer thiamethoxam resistance in B. tabaci. Moreover, linear regression analysis showed that the expression levels of CYP6CX2 and CYP6CX3 were positively correlated with thiamethoxam resistance levels among populations. The susceptibility of whitefly adults was markedly increased after silencing 2 genes by RNA interference (RNAi) which further confirming their major role in thiamethoxam resistance. Our findings provide information to better understand the roles of P450s in resistance to neonicotinoids and suggest that these genes may be applied to develop target genes for sustainable management tactic of agricultural pests such as B. tabaci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Buli Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Peipan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chengjia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuegao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Cheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mingjiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chao He
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tianhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinjin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shaonan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - He Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Wei X, Hu J, Yang J, Yin C, Du T, Huang M, Fu B, Gong P, Liang J, Liu S, Xue H, He C, Ji Y, Du H, Zhang R, Wang C, Li J, Yang X, Zhang Y. Cytochrome P450 CYP6DB3 was involved in thiamethoxam and imidacloprid resistance in Bemisia tabaci Q (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Pestic Biochem Physiol 2023; 194:105468. [PMID: 37532309 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
High level resistance for a variety of insecticides has emerged in Bemisia tabaci, a globally notorious insect. Neonicotinoid insecticides have been applied widely to control B. tabaci. Whether a differentially expressed gene CYP6DB3 discovered from transcriptome data of B. tabaci is involved in the resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides remains unclear. In the study, CYP6DB3 expression was significantly up-regulated in both thiamethoxam- and imidacloprid-resistant strains relative to the susceptive strains. We also found that CYP6DB3 expression was up-regulated after B. tabaci adults were exposed to thiamethoxam and imidacloprid. Moreover, knocking down CYP6DB3 expression via feeding corresponding dsRNA significantly reduced CYP6DB3 mRNA levels by 34.1%. Silencing CYP6DB3 expression increased the sensitivity of B. tabaci Q adults against both thiamethoxam and imidacloprid. Overexpression of CYP6DB3 gene reduced the toxicity of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam to transgenic D. melanogaster. In addition, metabolic studies showed that CYP6DB3 can metabolize 24.41% imidacloprid in vitro. Collectively, these results strongly support that CYP6DB3 plays an important role in the resistance of B. tabaci Q to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. This work will facilitate a deeper insight into the part of cytochrome P450s in the evolution of insecticide resistance and provide a theoretical basis for the development of new integrated pest resistance management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuegao Wei
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinyu Hu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Cheng Yin
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tianhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mingjiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Buli Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Peipan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinjin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shaonan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hu Xue
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chao He
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - He Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Junkai Li
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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5
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Xu H, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Peng J, Gao Y, Li K, Chen J, Du J, Yan S, Zhang D, Zhou X, Shi X, Liu Y. Effects of insulin-like peptide 7 in Bemisia tabaci MED on tomato chlorosis virus transmission. Pest Manag Sci 2023; 79:1508-1517. [PMID: 36533303 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) is a semi-persistent plant virus that is primarily transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). It causes a serious disease that lowers tomato yield. Insulin-like peptide (ILP), an insulin homolog, regulates trehalose metabolism in a variety of insects. In a previous study, we discovered that trehalose metabolism is required for whiteflies to transmit ToCV effectively. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing revealed that the BtILP7 gene was highly expressed in B. tabaci infected with ToCV. Therefore, the whitefly ILP7 gene may facilitate the transmission of ToCV and be an attractive target for the control of whiteflies and subsequently ToCV. RESULTS The ToCV content in B. tabaci MED was found to be correlated with BtILP7 gene expression. Subsequent RNA interference (RNAi) of the BtILP7 gene had a significant impact on B. tabaci MED's trehalose metabolism and reproductive capacity, as well as ability to transmit ToCV. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the BtILP7 gene was closely related to ToCV transmission by regulating trehalose metabolism and reproduction behavior, thus providing a secure and environmentally friendly management strategy for the control of whiteflies and ToCV-caused disease. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- HuiNan Xu
- Longping Branch, School of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - ZhanHong Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - KaiLong Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Jianbin Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Jiao Du
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Shuo Yan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - DeYong Zhang
- Longping Branch, School of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - XuGuo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - XiaoBin Shi
- Longping Branch, School of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Longping Branch, School of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
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6
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He C, Liang J, Yang J, Xue H, Huang M, Fu B, Wei X, Liu S, Du T, Ji Y, Yin C, Gong P, Hu J, Du H, Zhang R, Xie W, Wang S, Wu Q, Zhou X, Yang X, Zhang Y. Over-expression of CP9 and CP83 increases whitefly cell cuticle thickness leading to imidacloprid resistance. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123647. [PMID: 36780959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Cuticular proteins (CPs) play an important role in protecting insects from adverse environmental conditions, like neonicotinoid insecticides, which are heavily used for numerous pests and caused environmental problems and public health concerns worldwide. However, the relationship between CPs and insecticides resistance in Bemisia tabaci, a serious and developed high insecticide resistance, is lacking. In this study, 125 CPs genes were identified in B. tabaci. Further phylogenetic tree showed the RR-2-type genes formed large gene groups in B. tabaci. Transcriptional expression levels of CPs genes at different developmental stages revealed that some CPs genes may play a specific role in insect development. The TEM results indicated that the cuticle thickness of susceptible strain was thinner than imidacloprid-resistance strain. Furthermore, 16 CPs genes (5 in RR-1 subfamily, 7 in RR-2 subfamily, 3 in CPAP3 subfamily and 1 in CPCFC subfamily) were activated in response to imidacloprid. And RNAi results indicated that CP9 and CP83 involved in imidacloprid resistance. In conclusion, this study was the first time to establish a basic information framework and evolutionary relationship between CPs and imidacloprid resistance in B. tabaci, which provides a basis for proposing integrated pest management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao He
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinjin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mingjiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Buli Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuegao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shaonan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tianhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Cheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Peipan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - JinYu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - He Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shaoli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingjun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuguo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, S-225 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA.
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Youjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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7
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Pascual S, Rodríguez-Álvarez CI, Kaloshian I, Nombela G. Hsp90 Gene Is Required for Mi-1-Mediated Resistance of Tomato to the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:641. [PMID: 36771723 PMCID: PMC9919380 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Mi-1 gene of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) confers resistance against some nematodes and insects, but the resistance mechanisms differ depending on the harmful organism, as a hypersensitive reaction (HR) occurs only in the case of nematodes. The gene Rme1 is required for Mi-1-mediated resistance to nematodes, aphids, and whiteflies, and several additional proteins also play a role in this resistance. Among them, the involvement of the chaperone HSP90 has been demonstrated in Mi-1-mediated resistance for aphids and nematodes, but not for whiteflies. In this work, we studied the implication of the Hsp90 gene in the Mi-1 resistance against the whitefly Bemisia tabaci by means of Tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). The silencing of the Hsp90 gene in tomato Motelle plants carrying the Mi-1 gene resulted in a decrease in resistance to whiteflies, as oviposition values were significantly higher than those on non-silenced plants. This decrease in resistance was equivalent to that caused by the silencing of the Mi-1 gene itself. Infiltration with the control TRV vector did not alter Mi-1 mediated resistance to B. tabaci. Similar to the Mi-1 gene, silencing of Hsp90-1 occurs partially, as silenced plants showed a significant but not complete suppression of gene expression. Thus, our results demonstrate the requirement of Hsp90 in the Mi-1-mediated resistance to B. tabaci and reinforce the hypothesis of a common model for this resistance to nematodes and insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Pascual
- Entomology Group, Plant Protection Department, National Institute of Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Ctra. Coruña km 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara I. Rodríguez-Álvarez
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute for Agricultural Sciences (ICA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Serrano 115 Dpdo., 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isgouhi Kaloshian
- Department of Nematology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Gloria Nombela
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute for Agricultural Sciences (ICA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Serrano 115 Dpdo., 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Guo L, Zhang Z, Xu W, Ma J, Liang N, Li C, Chu D. Expression profile of CYP402C1 and its role in resistance to imidacloprid in the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci. Insect Sci 2023; 30:146-160. [PMID: 35603806 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a cosmopolitan insect pest causing serious damage to crop production. Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) of B. tabaci are widely known to be involved in the metabolic resistance to a variety of insecticides, continuously increasing the difficulty in controlling this pest. In this study, four P450 genes (CYP6CM1, CYP6CX1, CYP6CX3, and CYP402C1) in B. tabaci exhibited correlations with the resistance to imidacloprid. We have focused on trying to understand the function and metabolism capacity of CYP402C1. The expression profiles of CYP402C1 were examined by reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridizations. Its role in resistance to imidacloprid was investigated by RNA interference, transgenic Drosophila melanogaster, and heterologous expression. The results showed that CYP402C1 was highly expressed in the active feeding stages of B. tabaci, such as nymphs and female adults. CYP402C1 was mainly expressed in midguts of nymphs and adults, especially in the filter chamber. Knockdown of CYP402C1 significantly decreased the resistance of B. tabaci to imidacloprid by 3.96-fold (50% lethal concentration: 186.46 versus 47.08 mg/L). Overexpression of CYP402C1 in a transgenic D. melanogaster line (Gal4 > UAS-CYP402C1) significantly increased the resistance to imidacloprid from 12.68- to 14.92-fold (129.01 and 151.80 mg/L versus 1925.14 mg/L). The heterologous expression of CYP402C1 showed a metabolism ability of imidacloprid (imidacloprid decreased by 12.51% within 2 h). This study provides new insights for CYP402C1 function in B. tabaci and will help develop new strategies in B. tabaci control and its insecticide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhuang Zhang
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Jiangya Ma
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ni Liang
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Changyou Li
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dong Chu
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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9
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Rossitto De Marchi B, Gama AB, Smith HA. Evidence of the association between the Q2 mitochondrial group of Bemisia tabaci MED species (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and low competitive displacement capability. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280002. [PMID: 36634115 PMCID: PMC9836299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), is one of the most serious agricultural pests worldwide. Bemisia tabaci is a cryptic species complex of more than 40 species among which the invasive MEAM1 and MED species are the most widespread and economically important. Both MEAM1 and MED present intraspecific genetic variability and some haplotypes are reported to be more invasive than others. MED can be further deconstructed into different genetic groups, including MED-Q1 and MED-Q2. However, distinct biological phenotypes discerning the different MED mitochondrial haplotypes are yet to be characterized. Competitive displacement and life-history trials were carried out between MED-Q2 and MEAM1 populations collected in Florida, USA. In addition, a phylogenetic analysis was carried out including populations from previous whitefly competitive displacement studies for identification and comparison of the MED mitochondrial groups. In contrast to other studies with MED-Q1, the MED-Q2 population from Florida is less likely to displace MEAM1 on pepper. In addition, both pepper and watermelon were a more favorable host to MEAM1 compared to MED-Q2 according to the life history trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rossitto De Marchi
- Entomology and Nematology Department, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Andre Bueno Gama
- Plant Pathology Department, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States of America
| | - Hugh A. Smith
- Entomology and Nematology Department, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States of America
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10
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N’cho AJ, Seka K, Assiri KP, Simiand C, Otron DH, Ochou G, Konan KAJ, Kouadio MF, Fondio L, Atta Diallo H, Martin T, Delatte H. Genetic diversity of whitefly species of the Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) species complex, associated with vegetable crops in Côte d'Ivoire. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276993. [PMID: 36315574 PMCID: PMC9621431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Since several years, whiteflies of the species complex of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) are causing several damages on vegetable crops in Côte d’Ivoire. These sap-sucking insects are the main vector of many viruses on tomato and several species of this complex have developed resistances against insecticides. Nevertheless, there is very little information about whitefly species on vegetable crops in Côte d’Ivoire. Here, we investigated the species diversity and their genetic diversity and structuring on samples from vegetable crops in the major tomato production areas of Côte d’Ivoire. To assess this diversity, 535 whitefly samples from different localities and plant species were collected and analysed with nuclear (microsatellite) and mitochondrial (mtCOI) markers. In each site, and ecological data were recorded, including whiteflies abundance and plant species colonised by B. tabaci. The analysis of mtCOI sequences of whiteflies indicated the presence of four cryptic species on tomato and associated crops in Côte d’Ivoire. These were MED ASL, MED Q1, SSA 1 and SSA3. The MED ASL species dominated over all samples in the different regions and plant species. One haplotype of MED ASL out of the 15 identified predominated on most plant species and most sites. These results suggested that MED ASL is probably the main phytovirus vector in the Ivorian vegetable cropping areas. In contrast, only five haplotypes of MED Q1 were identified on vegetables but in the cotton-growing areas of the country. Its low prevalence, low nuclear and mitochondrial diversity might indicate a recent invasion of this species on vegetable crops in Côte d’Ivoire. The Bayesian nuclear analysis indicated the presence of hybrid genotypes between the two main species MED ASL and MED Q1, however in low prevalence (10%). All these results highlight the need to maintain whitefly populations monitoring for a more effective management in Côte d’Ivoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthelme-Jocelin N’cho
- Cirad, UMR PVBMT, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
- Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
- National Center for Agricultural Research (CNRA), Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire
- University of Montpellier, Cirad, UR Hortsys, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (AJN); (HD)
| | - Koutoua Seka
- Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | | | | | | | - Germain Ochou
- National Center for Agricultural Research (CNRA), Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Kouassi Arthur Jocelin Konan
- National Center for Agricultural Research (CNRA), Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire
- Felix Houphouet Boigny University of Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Marie-France Kouadio
- National Center for Agricultural Research (CNRA), Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire
- Felix Houphouet Boigny University of Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Lassina Fondio
- National Center for Agricultural Research (CNRA), Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire
| | | | - Thibaud Martin
- University of Montpellier, Cirad, UR Hortsys, Montpellier, France
- Felix Houphouet Boigny University of Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Hélène Delatte
- Cirad, UMR PVBMT, Antananarivo, Madagascar
- * E-mail: (AJN); (HD)
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11
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Zhang Z, Wen Z, Li K, Xu W, Liang N, Yu X, Li C, Chu D, Guo L. Cytochrome P450 Gene, CYP6CX3, Is Involved in the Resistance to Cyantraniliprole in Bemisia tabaci. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:12398-12407. [PMID: 36154000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci is an important agricultural sucking pest, and it develops serious resistance to various insecticides. Although cytochrome P450 was involved in the resistance to cyantraniliprole, limited studies have been conducted on B. tabaci. In the present study, piperonyl butoxide significantly increased the toxicity of cyantraniliprole. P450 activities in two resistant populations were 1.97- and 2.17-fold higher than that in the susceptible population. Among 79 P450 genes, CYP6CX3 expressions in two resistant populations were 3.08- and 3.67-fold higher than that in the susceptible population. When CYP6CX3 was knocked down, the toxicity of cyantraniliprole increased significantly. The LC50 value of cyantraniliprole to the Drosophila melanogaster line overexpressing B. tabaci CYP6CX3 increased 7.34-fold. The content of cyantraniliprole was decreased by 25.74 ± 4.27% after mixing with CYP6CX3 and CPR for 2 h. These results suggested that the overexpression of CYP6CX3 was likely involved in the resistance to cyantraniliprole in B. tabaci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Zhang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Zanrong Wen
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Kaixin Li
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch WA 6150, Australia
| | - Ni Liang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Yu
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Changyou Li
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Dong Chu
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Lei Guo
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
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12
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Bai J, Liu YC, Wei R, Wang YC, Gong WR, Du YZ. Knockdown of heat shock transcription factor 1 decreases temperature stress tolerance in Bemisia tabaci MED. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16059. [PMID: 36163391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19788-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary function of heat shock transcription factor (HSF) in the heat shock response is to activate the transcription of genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs). The phloem-feeding insect Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an important pest of cotton, vegetables and ornamentals that transmits several plant viruses and causes enormous agricultural losses. In this study, the gene encoding HSF (Bthsf1) was characterized in MED B. tabaci. The full-length cDNA encoded a protein of 652 amino acids with an isoelectric point of 5.55. The BtHSF1 deduced amino acid sequence showed strong similarity to HSF in other insects. Expression analyses using quantitative real-time PCR indicated that Bthsf1 was significantly up-regulated in B. tabaci adults and pupae during thermal stress. Although Bthsf1 was induced by both hot and cold stress, the amplitude of expression was greater in the former. Bthsf1 had distinct, significant differences in expression pattern during different duration of high but not low temperature stress. Oral ingestion of dsBthsf1 repressed the expression of Bthsf1 and four heat shock proteins (Bthsp90, Bthsp70-3, Bthsp20 and Bthsp19.5) in MED B. tabaci during hot and cold stress. In conclusion, our results show that Bthsf1 is differentially expressed during high and low temperature stress and regulates the transcription of multiple hsps in MED B. tabaci.
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13
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Fang C, Hopkinson JE, Balzer J, Frese M, Tay WT, Walsh T. Screening for insecticide resistance in Australian field populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) using bioassays and DNA sequencing. Pest Manag Sci 2022; 78:3248-3259. [PMID: 35396820 PMCID: PMC9546000 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Species within the Bemisia tabaci cryptic species complex can cause significant crop damage. We used high-throughput amplicon sequencing to identify the species composition and resistance allele genotypes in field populations from cotton fields in Australia. For selected populations, the resistance phenotype was determined in bioassays and compared with sequencing data. RESULTS A metabarcoding approach was used to analyse the species composition in 144 field populations collected between 2013 and 2021. Two mixed AUS I and MEAM1 populations were detected, whereas the remaining 142 populations consisted of MEAM1 only. High-throughput sequencing of organophosphate and pyrethroid resistance gene amplicons showed that the organophosphate resistance allele F331W was fixed (> 99%) in all MEAM1 populations, whereas the pyrethroid resistance allele L925I in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene was detected at varying frequencies [1.0%-7.0% (43 populations); 27.7% and 42.1% (two populations); 95%-97.5% (three populations)]. Neither organophosphate nor pyrethroid resistance alleles were detected in the AUS I populations. Pyrethroid bioassays of 85 MEAM1 field-derived populations detected no resistance in 51 populations, whereas 32 populations showed low frequency resistance, and 2 populations were highly resistant. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that high-throughput sequencing and bioassays are complementary approaches. The detection of target site mutations and the phenotypic provides a comprehensive analysis of the low-level resistance to pyrethroids that is present in Australian cotton farms. By contrast, a limited survey of whitefly populations from horticulture found evidence of high-level resistance against pyrethroids. Furthermore, we found that the F331W allele (linked to organophosphate resistance) is ubiquitous in Australian MEAM1. © 2022 Commonwealth of Australia. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Fang
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of CanberraCanberraAustralia
- CSIROActon
| | - Jamie E Hopkinson
- Department of Agriculture and FisheriesQueensland GovernmentToowoombaAustralia
| | - Jacob Balzer
- Department of Agriculture and FisheriesQueensland GovernmentToowoombaAustralia
| | - Michael Frese
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of CanberraCanberraAustralia
- CSIROActon
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIROActon
- Department of Applied BioSciencesMacquarie UniversitySydney
| | - Thomas Walsh
- CSIROActon
- Department of Applied BioSciencesMacquarie UniversitySydney
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14
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Uke A, Tokunaga H, Utsumi Y, Vu NA, Nhan PT, Srean P, Hy NH, Ham LH, Lopez-Lavalle LAB, Ishitani M, Hung N, Tuan LN, Van Hong N, Huy NQ, Hoat TX, Takasu K, Seki M, Ugaki M. Cassava mosaic disease and its management in Southeast Asia. Plant Mol Biol 2022; 109:301-311. [PMID: 34240309 PMCID: PMC9162994 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Key message Status of the current outbreak of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Southeast Asia was reviewed. Healthy cassava seed production and dissemination systems have been established in Vietnam and Cambodia, along with integrated disease and pest management systems, to combat the outbreak. Abstract Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is one of the most important edible crops in tropical and subtropical regions. Recently, invasive insect pests and diseases have resulted in serious losses to cassava in Southeast Asia. In this review we discuss the current outbreak of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) caused by the Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV) in Southeast Asia, and summarize similarities between SLCMV and other cassava mosaic begomoviruses. A SATREPS (Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development) project “Development and dissemination of sustainable production systems based on invasive pest management of cassava in Vietnam, Cambodia and Thailand”, was launched in 2016, which has been funded by The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and The Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Japan. The objectives of SATREPS were to establish healthy seed production and dissemination systems for cassava in south Vietnam and Cambodia, and to develop management systems for plant diseases and insect pests of cassava. To achieve these goals, model systems of healthy seed production in Vietnam and Cambodia have been developed incorporating CMD-resistant planting materials through international networks with The International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) and The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11103-021-01168-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Uke
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
| | - Hiroki Tokunaga
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa Japan
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yoshinori Utsumi
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa Japan
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Anh Vu
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Technology, Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thi Nhan
- Hung Loc Agricultural Research Center (HLARC), Dong Nai, Vietnam
| | - Pao Srean
- University of Battambang (UBB), Battambang, Cambodia
| | - Nguyen Huu Hy
- Hung Loc Agricultural Research Center (HLARC), Dong Nai, Vietnam
| | - Le Huy Ham
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Technology, Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Manabu Ishitani
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Nguyen Hung
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Technology, Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Ngoc Tuan
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Technology, Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Hong
- Sub-Department of Plantation and Plant Protection of Tay Ninh Province, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngo Quang Huy
- Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Keiji Takasu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa Japan
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Saitama, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa Japan
| | - Masashi Ugaki
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
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15
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Mugerwa H, Wang H, Sseruwagi P, Seal S, Colvin J. Whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphism and mating compatibility studies reveal the presence of distinct species in sub-Saharan Africa Bemisia tabaci whiteflies. Insect Sci 2021; 28:1553-1566. [PMID: 33146464 PMCID: PMC9292209 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In sub-Saharan Africa cassava growing areas, two members of the Bemisia tabaci species complex termed sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1) and SSA2 have been reported as the prevalent whiteflies associated with the spread of viruses that cause cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) pandemics. At the peak of CMD pandemic in the late 1990s, SSA2 was the prevalent whitefly, although its numbers have diminished over the last two decades with the resurgence of SSA1 whiteflies. Three SSA1 subgroups (SG1 to SG3) are the predominant whiteflies in East Africa and vary in distribution and biological properties. Mating compatibility between SSA1 subgroups and SSA2 whiteflies was reported as the possible driver for the resurgence of SSA1 whiteflies. In this study, a combination of both phylogenomic methods and reciprocal crossing experiments were applied to determine species status of SSA1 subgroups and SSA2 whitefly populations. Phylogenomic analyses conducted with 26 548 205 bp whole genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the full mitogenomes clustered SSA1 subgroups together and separate from SSA2 species. Mating incompatibility between SSA1 subgroups and SSA2 further demonstrated their distinctiveness from each other. Phylogenomic analyses conducted with SNPs and mitogenomes also revealed different genetic relationships among SSA1 subgroups. The former clustered SSA1-SG1 and SSA1-SG2 together but separate from SSA1-SG3, while the latter clustered SSA1-SG2 and SSA1-SG3 together but separate from SSA1-SG1. Mating compatibility was observed between SSA1-SG1 and SSA1-SG2, while incompatibility occurred between SSA1-SG1 and SSA1-SG3, and SSA1-SG2 and SSA1-SG3. Mating results among SSA1 subgroups were coherent with phylogenomics results based on SNPs but not the full mitogenomes. Furthermore, this study revealed that the secondary endosymbiont-Wolbachia-did not mediate reproductive success in the crossing assays carried out. Overall, using genome wide SNPs together with reciprocal crossings assays, this study established accurate genetic relationships among cassava-colonizing populations, illustrating that SSA1 and SSA2 are distinct species while at least two species occur within SSA1 species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibu Mugerwa
- Natural Resources InstituteUniversity of GreenwichCentral AvenueChatham MaritimeKentUK
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of GeorgiaGriffinGeorgiaUSA
| | - Hua‐Ling Wang
- Natural Resources InstituteUniversity of GreenwichCentral AvenueChatham MaritimeKentUK
- Institute of Insect SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Peter Sseruwagi
- Biotechnology DepartmentMikocheni Agricultural Research InstituteDar es SalaamTanzania
| | - Susan Seal
- Natural Resources InstituteUniversity of GreenwichCentral AvenueChatham MaritimeKentUK
| | - John Colvin
- Natural Resources InstituteUniversity of GreenwichCentral AvenueChatham MaritimeKentUK
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16
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Guo L, Li C, Coupland G, Liang P, Chu D. Up-regulation of calmodulin involved in the stress response to cyantraniliprole in the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Insect Sci 2021; 28:1745-1755. [PMID: 33200870 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyantraniliprole is the first diamide insecticide to have cross-spectrum activity against a broad range of insect orders. The insecticide, like other diamides, selectively acts on ryanodine receptor, destroys Ca2+ homeostasis, and ultimately causes insect death. Although expression regulations of genes associated with calcium signaling pathways are known to be involved in the response to diamides, little is known regarding the function of calmodulin (CaM), a typical Ca2+ sensor central in regulating Ca2+ homeostasis, in the stress response of insects to the insecticide. In this study, we cloned and identified the full-length complementary DNA of CaM in the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), named BtCaM. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction-based analyses showed that the messenger RNA level of BtCaM was rapidly induced from 1.51- to 2.43-fold by cyantraniliprole during 24 h. Knockdown of BtCaM by RNA interference increased the toxicity of cyantraniliprole in whiteflies by 42.85%. In contrast, BtCaM expression in Sf9 cells significantly increased the cells' tolerance to cyantraniliprole as much as 2.91-fold. In addition, the expression of BtCaM in Sf9 cells suppressed the rapid increase of intracellular Ca2+ after exposure to cyantraniliprole, and the maximum amplitude in the Sf9-BtCaM cells was only 34.9% of that in control cells (Sf9-PIZ/V5). These results demonstrate that overexpression of BtCaM is involved in the stress response of B. tabaci to cyantraniliprole through regulation of Ca2+ concentration. As CaM is one of the most evolutionarily conserved Ca2+ sensors in insects, outcomes of this study may provide the first details of a universal insect response to diamide insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shangdong, 266109, China
| | - Changyou Li
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shangdong, 266109, China
| | - Grey Coupland
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Pei Liang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dong Chu
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shangdong, 266109, China
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Lu D, Yue H, Huang L, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Li F, Yan F, Zhou X, Shi X, Liu Y. Suppression of Bta11975, an α-glucosidase, by RNA interference reduces transmission of tomato chlorosis virus by Bemisia tabaci. Pest Manag Sci 2021; 77:5294-5303. [PMID: 34310017 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) is mainly vectored by Bemisia tabaci in China, which has a worldwide distribution, and greatly reduces the yields of tomato and other vegetables. At present, control of ToCV has been focused mainly by the use of insecticides to control whitefly populations. Transcriptome sequencing showed high expression of the B. tabaci Bta11975 gene, an α-glucosidase (AGLU) during ToCV acquisition by whitefly Mediterranean (MED) species. To investigate the role of Bta11975 gene in ToCV acquisition and transmission by B. tabaci MED, we used RNA interference (RNAi) to reduce the expression of the Bta11975 gene. RESULTS The relative expression of the Bta11975 gene was correlated with the ToCV content in B. tabaci. The AGLU is highly expressed in primary salivary gland and gut. After the Bta11975 gene was silenced, the gene expression of B. tabaci was reduced and B. tabaci mortality was increased. Besides, ToCV acquisition by B. tabaci at 48 and 72 h AAP was reduced, and ToCV transmission was significantly reduced by 25 or 50 of B. tabaci. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that suppression of expression of the Bta11975 gene in B. tabaci MED by RNAi can reduce acquisition and transmission of ToCV by B. tabaci MED.
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Affiliation(s)
- DingYiHui Lu
- Subcollege of Longping, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Yue
- Subcollege of Longping, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - LiPing Huang
- Subcollege of Longping, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - DeYong Zhang
- Subcollege of Longping, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - ZhanHong Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Li
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - XuGuo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - XiaoBin Shi
- Subcollege of Longping, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Subcollege of Longping, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
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18
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da Silva Rodrigues C, Nakasu EYT, Ortiz GV, Pereira JL, Lucena-Leandro VDS, Rêgo-Machado CDM, Souza TAD, Martins TP, Nagata AKI. Evidence of Spread of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Mediated by Internal Transportation of Ornamental Plants in Brazil. Neotrop Entomol 2021; 50:850-857. [PMID: 33978919 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-021-00881-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) species, Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) and Mediterranean (MED), are major pests that are dispersed throughout the world. While MEAM1 was introduced in Brazil in the 1990s, MED was reported recently with limited spread. Here, a survey was performed to examine whether MED whiteflies are widely present in the Federal District region, in central Brazil. Whiteflies were collected in various locations in the Federal District and surroundings between 2018 and 2020, including garden centers and small- and large-scale farms. The species were identified using RFLPand sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I subunit gene region. Out of 108 whitefly batches, 63.89% were composed exclusively by MEAM1, followed by 16.67% presenting only MED, and another 7.40% containing unidentified whitefly species (NI). Plant varieties serving as hosts for more than one whitefly species were observed in 12.04% of the samples, either by MEAM1/MED, MEAM1/NI, or MED/NI. This study highlights the still limited presence of MED in the Federal District and surroundings, predominantly in garden centers and in the green belt of Brasília, closer to urban areas. In contrast, only MEAM1 was identified in large-scale cultivated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alice Kazuko Inoue Nagata
- Dept of Plant Pathology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
- Embrapa Vegetables, CEP, Brasília, DF, 70275-970, Brazil.
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19
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Bertin S, Parrella G, Nannini M, Guercio G, Troiano E, Tomassoli L. Distribution and Genetic Variability of Bemisia tabaci Cryptic Species (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Italy. Insects 2021; 12:insects12060521. [PMID: 34199806 PMCID: PMC8229085 DOI: 10.3390/insects12060521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci is a key pest of horticultural, fibre and ornamental crops worldwide, primarily as a vector of plant viruses. In Italy, B. tabaci has established since the 1980s-1990s in southern regions as well as in Sicily and Sardinia. Recent reports of infestations in some areas of central Italy prompted a new survey to assess the whitefly distribution in the country as well as to update the species and haplotype composition of the populations present in southern Italy and in the main islands. The survey confirmed that B. tabaci is nowadays established in central Italy even at more northern latitudes than those noticed before. Most of the specimens collected throughout the country belonged to the Mediterranean (MED) species. The MEDQ1 and Q2 haplogroups were prevailing in open-field and greenhouse cultivations, respectively, except in Sardinia where only Q1 specimens were found on a wide range of crops and weeds. Population genetics analyses showed that several MEDQ1 haplotypes currently occur in Italy and their distribution is unrelated to evident temporal and geographic trends, except for a new genetic variant which seems to have originated in Sardinia. The MED species is known to better adapt to insecticide treatments and high temperatures, and its northward spread in Italy may have been favoured by the intensive agricultural practices and steady increase in both winter and summer temperatures occurring in the last few decades. The extensive presence of B. tabaci in Italy proves that a strict surveillance for possible new outbreaks of whitefly-transmitted viruses should be addressed to a range of sites that are expanding northwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Bertin
- CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, via C.G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (L.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-8207-0242
| | - Giuseppe Parrella
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, Napoli, 80055 Portici, Italy; (G.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Mauro Nannini
- Agris Sardegna, Servizio Ricerca Studi Ambientali, Difesa delle Colture e Qualità Delle Produzioni, Viale Trieste 111, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Guercio
- CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, via C.G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (L.T.)
| | - Elisa Troiano
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, Napoli, 80055 Portici, Italy; (G.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Laura Tomassoli
- CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, via C.G. Bertero 22, 00156 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (L.T.)
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20
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Zheng H, Xie W, Fu B, Xiao S, Tan X, Ji Y, Cheng J, Wang R, Liu B, Yang X, Guo Z, Wang S, Wu Q, Xu B, Zhou X, Zhang Y. Annual analysis of field-evolved insecticide resistance in Bemisia tabaci across China. Pest Manag Sci 2021; 77:2990-3001. [PMID: 33624368 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over recent decades, many efficacious insecticides have been applied for control of Bemisia tabaci, one of the most notorious insect pests worldwide. Field-evolved insecticide resistance in B. tabaci has developed globally, but remains poorly understood in China. RESULTS In this study, a total of 30 field samples of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci from eight provinces of China were collected in 2015 to 2018. Twenty-four of the populations were identified as Mediterranean, 'Q' type (MED), three were Middle East-Asia Minor 1, 'B' type (MEAM1), and three were mixtures of MED/ MEAM1. After identifying whether they belong to MED or MEAM1, the selected individuals were used in bioassays assessing insecticide resistance to abamectin, thiamethoxam, spirotetramat, cyantraniliprole, and pyriproxyfen. Our results showed that all populations in the eight regions had little or no resistance to abamectin; abamectin resistance was highest in the Hunan (Changsha) and Hubei (Wuhan) regions and was lowest in the island region of Hainan (Sanya). The resistance of B. tabaci to spirotetramat, cyantraniliprole, and pyriproxyfen increased each year. The resistance to thiamethoxam remained low because of the high LC50 value for the laboratory strain. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that a rotation system using efficacious B. tabaci insecticides with differing mode of actions ought to be implemented for sustainable control to reduce the potential of resistance development. This study provides important data to support the integrated pest management and insecticide resistance management of B. tabaci in China. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Zheng
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Plant Protection of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Buli Fu
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Tropical Crops, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Si Xiao
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Tan
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Ji
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxu Cheng
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baiming Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaojiang Guo
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoli Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjun Wu
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baoyun Xu
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomao Zhou
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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21
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Wei Y, Guan F, Wang R, Qu C, Luo C. Amplicon sequencing detects mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Pest Manag Sci 2021; 77:2914-2923. [PMID: 33619804 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a major damaging agricultural pest that exhibits high resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. L925I (TTA to ATA) and T929V (ACT to GTT) mutations in the para-type voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) are associated with resistance of B. tabaci to pyrethroids. Amplicon sequencing is a reliable and highly efficient method to detect the frequency of mutations linked with insecticide resistance. RESULTS Similar frequencies of L925I and T929V mutations were obtained by amplicon sequencing and Sanger sequencing (L925I: 0.3548 vs 0.3619; T929V: 0.6140 vs 0.6381) with overlap of 95% confidence interval in the SX population of B. tabaci. In five populations of B. tabaci from China, the maximum and minimum frequencies of the two mutations were found in the LN (L925I: 0.1126; T929V: 0.8834) and JS (L925I: 0.8776; T929V: 0.1166) populations by amplicon sequencing. However, there was no significant difference in frequencies between the L925I and T929V mutations. The sum frequency of L925I and T929V exceeded 0.9688 in all populations. In addition, a combining mutation, L925 + T929V (L925I and T929V located in same allele), was found in five populations by amplicon sequencing even though its highest frequency was only 0.0157. CONCLUSION We established an efficient approach for detecting frequency of mutation by amplicon sequencing. The frequencies of L925I and T929V in VGSC associated with pyrethroid resistance were detected in this study, which could provide foundational data for resistance management of B. tabaci. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Wei
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Guan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Qu
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Luo
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
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22
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Boaventura HA, Quintela ED, Santos EN, Silva JFA, Humber RA. Susceptibility of All Nymphal Stages of Bemisia tabaci Biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) to Three Brazilian Isolates of Cordyceps sp. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) in a Screenhouse Under Variable Temperature and Moisture Conditions. Neotrop Entomol 2021; 50:100-113. [PMID: 33398854 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-020-00823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The susceptibility of 1st to 4th instars of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1989) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) to three isolates of Cordyceps sp. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) was evaluated in screenhouse experiments under variable temperatures and moisture conditions. No differences in susceptibility to the Cordyceps sp. isolates were observed among 1st, 2nd, and 3rd instar nymphs with respect to median lethal time (LT50) values. Confirmed mortalities ranged from 63.7 to 87.8% when the isolates were tested at 5 × 107 conidia mL-1. The 4th instar was the least susceptible to the fungal isolates (≤ 36.6% mortality). However, 60.0 to 99.5% of the adults that emerged from 4th instar nymphs previously treated with the fungus succumbed to the infection. Temperature was more detrimental to Cordyceps sp. virulence towards B. tabaci nymphs than relative humidity (RH). At similar RH, median LT50 for 1st instar (9.4 days) was higher than for 3rd instar (5.3 days) when the fungus was tested at 5 × 107 conidia mL-1; minimal temperatures of ≥ 12.6°C compared to ≥ 17.0°C were registered for experiments with 1st and 3rd instars, respectively. However, temperatures ≥ 35°C for 4 to 6 h daily did not affect the efficacy of the fungus against nymphs. Cordyceps sp. showed high virulence to all life stages of B. tabaci at relatively low RH, and an ability to grow extensively over the leaf surface and to produce high amounts of conidia on infected hosts. These attributes certainly boost its potential as an important pest control component of B. tabaci biotype B, especially for management of populations resistant to synthetic insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E D Quintela
- EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brasil.
| | - E N Santos
- EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brasil
| | - J F A Silva
- EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brasil
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Can-Vargas X, Barboza N, Fuchs EJ, Hernández EJ. Spatial Distribution of Whitefly Species (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and Identification of Secondary Bacterial Endosymbionts in Tomato Fields in Costa Rica. J Econ Entomol 2020; 113:2900-2910. [PMID: 33073851 PMCID: PMC7724748 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In Costa Rica, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Linnaeus) Linnaeus (Solanales: Solanaceae) is one of the crops most severely affected by the whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) and the Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) species complex. The objective of this study was to monitor the spatial distribution and diversity of these species and to detect the presence of secondary bacterial endosymbionts in individuals collected in areas of intensive tomato production. In total, 628 whitefly individuals were identified to the species level using restriction analysis (PCR-RFLP) of a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase I gene (mtCOI). Trialeurodes vaporariorum was the predominant species, followed by B. tabaci Mediterranean (MED). Bemisia tabaci New World (NW) and B. tabaci Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) were present in lower numbers. The mtCOI fragment was sequenced for 89 individuals and a single haplotype was found for each whitefly species. Using molecular markers, the 628 individuals were analyzed for the presence of four endosymbionts. Arsenophonus Gherna et al. (Enterobacterales: Morganellaceae) was most frequently associated with T. vaporariorum, whereas Wolbachia Hertig (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) and Rickettsia da Rocha-Lima (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) were associated with B. tabaci MED. This study confirmed that B. tabaci NW has not been completely displaced by the invasive species B. tabaci MED and B. tabaci MEAM1 present in the country. An association was found between whitefly species present in tomato and certain secondary endosymbionts, elevation was the most likely environmental factor to affect their frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xareni Can-Vargas
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Natalia Barboza
- Escuela de Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Centro Nacional en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos (CITA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular (CIBCM), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Eric J Fuchs
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Eduardo J Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular (CIBCM), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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Bello VH, Watanabe LFM, Fusco LM, De Marchi BR, da Silva FB, Gorayeb ES, Moura MF, de Souza IM, Muller C, Salas FJS, Yuki VA, Bueno RCODF, Pavan MA, Krause-Sakate R. Outbreaks of Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean species in vegetable crops in São Paulo and Paraná States, Brazil. Bull Entomol Res 2020; 110:487-496. [PMID: 31987066 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485319000841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the most important agricultural pests and virus vectors worldwide. Bemisia tabaci is considered a complex of cryptic species with at least 44 species. Among them, the species Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1, formerly B biotype) and Mediterranean (MED, formerly Q biotype) are the most important, and they have attained global status. In Brazil, MEAM1 was first reported in the 1990s and is currently the predominant species in the country, meanwhile, MED was recently reported in the South and Southeast regions and was found to be mainly associated with ornamental plants. Currently, an increasing problem in the management of whitefly infestations in greenhouses associated with bell pepper was observed in São Paulo State, Brazil. The whiteflies were collected and identified based on a microsatellite locus (primer pair BEM23F and BEM23R) and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing. We observed that MED was the predominant species collected on bell pepper, but it was also found on tomato, cucumber, eggplant, and weeds grown in greenhouses. In open field, we found MED on tomatoes, bell peppers, and eggplants. In addition, MED was identified in Goiás State in association with ornamental plants. The begomovirus Tomato severe rugose virus and the crinivirus Tomato chlorosis virus was detected on bell pepper and tomato, respectively. Only MED specimens were found associated with the virus-infected plants. Moreover, we also investigated the endosymbionts present in the MED whiteflies. The collected populations of B. tabaci MED harbored a diversity of secondary endosymbionts, with Hamiltonella (H) found predominantly in 89 specimens of the 129 tested. These results represent a new concern for Brazilian agriculture, especially for the management of the newly introduced whitefly MED species, which must be implemented to limit the spreading and establishment of this pest in different crops in this country.
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Mishra GP, Dikshit HK, S. V. R, Tripathi K, Kumar RR, Aski M, Singh A, Roy A, Priti, Kumari N, Dasgupta U, Kumar A, Praveen S, Nair RM. Yellow Mosaic Disease (YMD) of Mungbean ( Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek): Current Status and Management Opportunities. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:918. [PMID: 32670329 PMCID: PMC7327115 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 03/30/2024]
Abstract
Globally, yellow mosaic disease (YMD) remains a major constraint of mungbean production, and management of this deadly disease is still the biggest challenge. Thus, finding ways to manage YMD including development of varieties possessing resistance against mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) and mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) is a research priority for mungbean crop. Characterization of YMD resistance using various advanced molecular and biochemical approaches during plant-virus interactions has unfolded a comprehensive network of pathogen survival, disease severity, and the response of plants to pathogen attack, including mechanisms of YMD resistance in mungbean. The biggest challenge in YMD management is the effective utilization of an array of information gained so far, in an integrated manner for the development of genotypes having durable resistance against yellow mosaic virus (YMV) infection. In this backdrop, this review summarizes the role of various begomoviruses, its genomic components, and vector whiteflies, including cryptic species in the YMD expression. Also, information about the genetics of YMD in both mungbean and blackgram crops is comprehensively presented, as both the species are crossable, and same viral strains are also found affecting these crops. Also, implications of various management strategies including the use of resistance sources, the primary source of inoculums and vector management, wide-hybridization, mutation breeding, marker-assisted selection (MAS), and pathogen-derived resistance (PDR) are thoroughly discussed. Finally, the prospects of employing various powerful emerging tools like translational genomics, and gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 are also highlighted to complete the YMD management perspective in mungbean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyan P. Mishra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Harsh K. Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh S. V.
- Division of Physiology, Biochemistry and PHT, ICAR-Central Plantation, Kasaragod, India
| | - Kuldeep Tripathi
- Germplasm Evaluation Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjeet R. Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Muraleedhar Aski
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anirban Roy
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Priti
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Nikki Kumari
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Uttarayan Dasgupta
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shelly Praveen
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramakrishnan M. Nair
- World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
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Paredes‐Montero JR, Zia‐Ur‐Rehman M, Hameed U, Haider MS, Herrmann H, Brown JK. Genetic variability, community structure, and horizontal transfer of endosymbionts among three Asia II- Bemisia tabaci mitotypes in Pakistan. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:2928-2943. [PMID: 32211166 PMCID: PMC7083670 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosymbionts associated with the whitefly Bemisia tabaci cryptic species are known to contribute to host fitness and environmental adaptation. The genetic diversity and population complexity were investigated for endosymbiont communities of B. tabaci occupying different micro-environments in Pakistan. Mitotypes of B. tabaci were identified by comparative sequence analysis of the mitochondria cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) gene sequence. Whitefly mitotypes belonged to the Asia II-1, -5, and -7 mitotypes of the Asia II major clade. The whitefly-endosymbiont communities were characterized based on 16S ribosomal RNA operational taxonomic unit (OTU) assignments, resulting in 43 OTUs. Most of the OTUs occurred in the Asia II-1 and II-7 mitotypes (r 2 = .9, p < .005), while the Asia II-5 microbiome was less complex. The microbiome OTU groups were mitotype-specific, clustering with a basis in phylogeographical distribution and the corresponding ecological niche of their whitefly host, suggesting mitotype-microbiome co-adaptation. The primary endosymbiont Portiera was represented by a single, highly homologous OTU (0%-0.67% divergence). Two of six Arsenophonus OTUs were uniquely associated with Asia II-5 and -7, and one occurred exclusively in Asia II-1, two only in Asia II-5, and one in both Asia II-1 and -7. Four other secondary endosymbionts, Cardinium, Hemipteriphilus, Rickettsia, and Wolbachia OTUs, were found at ≤29% frequencies. The most prevalent Arsenophonus OTU was found in all three Asia II mitotypes (55% frequency), whereas the same strain of Cardinium and Wolbachia was found in both Asia II-1 and -5, and a single Hemipteriphilus OTU occurred in Asia II-1 and -7. This pattern is indicative of horizontal transfer, suggestive of a proximity between mitotypes sufficient for gene flow at overlapping mitotype ecological niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge R. Paredes‐Montero
- School of Plant SciencesUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
- Facultad de Ciencias de la VidaEscuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL)GuayaquilEcuador
| | | | - Usman Hameed
- Institute of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of the PunjabLahorePakistan
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Misaka BC, Wosula EN, Marchelo-d’Ragga PW, Hvoslef-Eide T, Legg JP. Genetic Diversity of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Colonizing Sweet Potato and Cassava in South Sudan. Insects 2020; 11:insects11010058. [PMID: 31963536 PMCID: PMC7022610 DOI: 10.3390/insects11010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a polyphagous, highly destructive pest that is capable of vectoring viruses in most agricultural crops. Currently, information regarding the distribution and genetic diversity of B. tabaci in South Sudan is not available. The objectives of this study were to investigate the genetic variability of B. tabaci infesting sweet potato and cassava in South Sudan. Field surveys were conducted between August 2017 and July and August 2018 in 10 locations in Juba County, Central Equatoria State, South Sudan. The sequences of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) were used to determine the phylogenetic relationships between sampled B. tabaci. Six distinct genetic groups of B. tabaci were identified, including three non-cassava haplotypes (Mediterranean (MED), Indian Ocean (IO), and Uganda) and three cassava haplotypes (Sub-Saharan Africa 1 sub-group 1 (SSA1-SG1), SSA1-SG3, and SSA2). MED predominated on sweet potato and SSA2 on cassava in all of the sampled locations. The Uganda haplotype was also widespread, occurring in five of the sampled locations. This study provides important information on the diversity of B. tabaci species in South Sudan. A comprehensive assessment of the genetic diversity, geographical distribution, population dynamics, and host range of B. tabaci species in South Sudan is vital for its effective management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice C. Misaka
- Department of Agricultural Science, School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Juba, P.O. Box 82, Juba, South Sudan; (B.C.M.); (P.W.M.-d.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Everlyne N. Wosula
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.O. Box 34441, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; (E.N.W.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Philip W. Marchelo-d’Ragga
- Department of Agricultural Science, School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Juba, P.O. Box 82, Juba, South Sudan; (B.C.M.); (P.W.M.-d.)
| | - Trine Hvoslef-Eide
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-93433775
| | - James P. Legg
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.O. Box 34441, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; (E.N.W.); (J.P.L.)
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Rodríguez E, Téllez MM, Janssen D. Whitefly Control Strategies against Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus in Greenhouse Zucchini. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16152673. [PMID: 31357394 PMCID: PMC6696309 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16152673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), transmitted by tobacco whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is of major concern in the cultivation of zucchini. The threat of this virus motivates reliance on chemical vector control but European consumers’ demands for vegetables grown free of pesticides provides an important incentive for alternative pest management; (2) Methods: Different whitefly management strategies and ToLCNDV incidences were surveyed in commercial zucchini greenhouses in south-east Spain. In an experimental greenhouse, three different whitefly control strategies, biological, chemical, and integrated (IPM), were evaluated in a replicated trial to determine the most effective strategy for virus suppression (3) Results: Whitefly was present in all commercial zucchini crops surveyed, whereas fewer crops had Amblyseius swirskii or other natural enemies. During three consecutive years, pest management was increasingly based on chemical treatments. Yet, ToLCNDV was widespread in zucchini greenhouses. Experimental results showed that the order of best strategy for virus suppressing was integrated management (73%) > biological control (58%) > chemical control (44%); and (4) Conclusions: IPM was the best strategy for virus suppression. The results can assist in the design of appropriate control strategies for chemical pesticide reduction and decision-making in pest management.
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Sain SK, Monga D, Kumar R, Nagrale DT, Hiremani NS, Kranthi S. Compatibility of entomopathogenic fungi with insecticides and their efficacy for IPM of Bemisia tabaci in cotton. J Pestic Sci 2019; 44:97-105. [PMID: 31148937 PMCID: PMC6529749 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d18-067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci, a vector of cotton leaf curl virus disease, is among the most devastating pests causing huge economic losses due to reduced cotton yield and quality. The excessive use of chemical pesticides causes insecticide resistance. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) have a role as mycoinsecticides. The combined use of these insecticides is a promising pest-control option to minimize adverse chemical effects. Thus, we have evaluated 10 EPFs under polyhouse conditions for their virulence against whitefly nymphs and their compatibility with chemical and botanical insecticides. The highest overall biological efficacy index was recorded with Ij-102, followed by Bb-4511, and Ij-089. An in vitro compatibility study was conducted to evaluate the effect of botanical and chemical pesticides on mycelial growth and spore production using the poisoned food technique. The effect of pesticides on the reduction of mycelial growth and conidial production ranged from -169 to 94.1% and -25.6 to 87.6%, respectively. However, Ij-089, Ij-102, Ma-1299, and Bb-4511 were found to be the most compatible with the chemical and botanicals evaluated. Comparatively, spiromesifen, diafenthiuron, buprofezin, pyriproxyfen, and flonicamid were more compatible with EPFs at half doses, as compared to the other chemical pesticides, namely imidacloprid, fipronil, profenophos, and triazophos. These results might provide the basis for future work and indicate that applications of EPFs showing the best virulence and compatibility have the maximum likelihood for the management of B. tabaci in the field in an integrated pest management system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar Sain
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Dilip Monga
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station
| | - Rishi Kumar
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station
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Sadeh D, Nitzan N, Shachter A, Ghanim M, Dudai N. Rosemary-Whitefly Interaction: A Continuum of Repellency and Volatile Combinations. J Econ Entomol 2019; 112:616-624. [PMID: 30535194 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The sweet potato whitefly Bemisia tabaci Genn (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) has been recorded to differentially prefer rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) varieties in commercial fields in Israel. As chemical signaling is a significant component in plant-insect interaction, the present study examined the involvement of rosemary essential oil volatiles in this differential colonization to elucidate the rosemary-whitefly ecological interaction. Thirty-two rosemary varieties with different chemical profiles were used. The average whitefly preference was 25.1% with a significant variation of 51.4%, partitioning the sampled varieties into five preference groups, hence suggesting rosemary as a non-preferred host for the insect. All relations between preference and the major volatiles 1,8-cineole, camphor, linalool, verbenone, bornyl acetate and borneol were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) or notably (0.05 < P ≤ 0.09) negative (r < 1). Therefore, revealing that whitefly preference for rosemary is based on a continuum of repellency rather than attraction. 'Choice' bioassays with a range of the major volatile concentrations and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) volatile blends (fractions) validated this observation. Principle component analysis of the entire chemical profile of two extreme varieties, representing high and low preferences, identified that approximately 43% of the volatiles in the essential oil were directly associated with repellency. Keeping in mind the remaining 57% of the compounds, this myriad of volatiles exhibit the ecological complexity of the rosemary-whitefly eco-system, explaining that whitefly preference to rosemary is repellency based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dganit Sadeh
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, ARO, Ramat-Yishay, Israel
- Department of Entomology, Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nadav Nitzan
- Unit of Plant Pathology, Eden Research and Extension Center, Bet She'an, Israel
| | - Alona Shachter
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, ARO, Ramat-Yishay, Israel
| | - Murad Ghanim
- Department of Entomology, Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nativ Dudai
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, ARO, Ramat-Yishay, Israel
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Ramos RS, Kumar L, Shabani F, da Silva RS, de Araújo TA, Picanço MC. Climate model for seasonal variation in Bemisia tabaci using CLIMEX in tomato crops. Int J Biometeorol 2019; 63:281-291. [PMID: 30680622 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-018-01661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, is considered one of the most important pests for tomato Solanum lycopersicum. The population density of this pest varies throughout the year in response to seasonal variation. Studies of seasonality are important to understand the ecological dynamics and insect population in crops and help to identify which seasons have the best climatic conditions for the growth and development of this insect species. In this research, we used CLIMEX to estimate the seasonal abundance of a species in relation to climate over time and species geographical distribution. Therefore, this research is designed to infer the mechanisms affecting population processes, rather than simply provide an empirical description of field observations based on matching patterns of meteorological data. In this research, we identified monthly suitability for Bemisia tabaci, with the climate models, for 12 commercial tomato crop locations through CLIMEX (version 4.0). We observed that B. tabaci displays seasonality with increased abundance in tomato crops during March, April, May, June, October and November (first year) and during March, April, May, September and October (second year) in all monitored areas. During this period, our model demonstrated a strong agreement between B. tabaci density and CLIMEX weekly growth index (GIw), which indicates significant reliability of our model results. Our results may be useful to design sampling and control strategies, in periods and locations when there is high suitability for B. tabaci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Soares Ramos
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
- Ecosystem Management, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England (UNE), Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Ecosystem Management, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England (UNE), Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Farzin Shabani
- Ecosystem Management, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England (UNE), Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
- Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
| | | | - Tamíris Alves de Araújo
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Coutinho Picanço
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
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Shadmany M, Boykin LM, Muhamad R, Omar D. Genetic Diversity of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Species Complex Across Malaysia. J Econ Entomol 2019; 112:75-84. [PMID: 30272175 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a cryptic species complex with members capable of inducing huge economic losses. Precise identification of members of this complex proves essential in managing existing populations and preventing new incursions. Despite records of serious outbreaks of this pest in Malaysia little is known about species status of B. tabaci in this region. To address this, a comprehensive sampling of B. tabaci from different host plants was conducted in 10 states of Malaysia from 2010 to 2012. Members of the complex were identified by sequencing partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) gene and constructing a Bayesian phylogenetic tree. Seven putative species were identified including Asia I, Mediterranean (MED), China 1, China 2, Asia II 6, Asia II 7, and Asia II 10. The most important finding of the study is the identification of the invasive MED species from locations without previous records of this species. All putative species except Asia I and MED are recorded from Malaysia for the first time. This study provided the first introductory map of B. tabaci species composition in Malaysia and emphasizes the urgent need for further studies to assess the status of MED invasion in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shadmany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Laura M Boykin
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, Australia
| | - R Muhamad
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Dzolkhifli Omar
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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He C, Liang J, Liu S, Wang S, Wu Q, Xie W, Zhang Y. Changes in the expression of four ABC transporter genes in response to imidacloprid in Bemisia tabaci Q (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Pestic Biochem Physiol 2019; 153:136-143. [PMID: 30744887 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a globally invasive species complex that causes serious damage to field crops, has developed resistance to imidacloprid and many other pesticides. Insect detoxify to pesticides may partially depend on ABC transporters, which contribute to the detoxification of xenobiotics. To determine whether genes in the ABCG subfamily are involved in imidacloprid detoxification in B. tabaci Q, we cloned four ABCG subfamily genes based on the published MED/Q genome and on our previous study of the transcriptional response of ABC transporters in B. tabaci Q adults to imidacloprid. As indicated by the quantification of mRNA levels after a 6-h exposure, the expression level of ABCG3 was 3.3-fold higher in B. tabaci Q adults exposed to 100 μg/mL imidacloprid rather than to the buffer control. The expression level of ABCG3 was higher in females than in males but did not significantly differ among eggs or nymphal stages and did not significantly differ among head, thorax, and abdomen tissues of adults. Knockdown of ABCG3 via RNA interference significantly increased the mortality of imidacloprid-treated laboratory and field-collected adults of B. tabaci Q. These results indicate that the ABCG3 gene may be involved in imidacloprid detoxification by B. tabaci Q.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao He
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jinjin Liang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Shaonan Liu
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Shaoli Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Qingjun Wu
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Wen Xie
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
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de Moraes LA, Muller C, Bueno RCODF, Santos A, Bello VH, De Marchi BR, Watanabe LFM, Marubayashi JM, Santos BR, Yuki VA, Takada HM, de Barros DR, Neves CG, da Silva FN, Gonçalves MJ, Ghanim M, Boykin L, Pavan MA, Krause-Sakate R. Distribution and phylogenetics of whiteflies and their endosymbiont relationships after the Mediterranean species invasion in Brazil. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14589. [PMID: 30275487 PMCID: PMC6167372 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32913-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bemisia tabaci is a polyphagous insect and a successful vector of plant viruses. B. tabaci is a species complex and in Brazil native species from the New World (NW) group, as well as the invasive species, Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) and Mediterranean (MED) were reported. For better understanding the distribution of the different species four years after the Mediterranean species invasion in Brazil, whiteflies were collected from 237 locations throughout the country between the years of 2013 and 2017, species were identified and the facultative endosymbionts detected. The survey revealed that MEAM1 was the prevalent species found on major crops across Brazil. It is the only species present in North, Northwestern and Central Brazil and was associated with virus-infected plants. MED was found in five States from Southeast to South regions, infesting mainly ornamental plants and was not associated with virus-infected plants. The prevalent endosymbionts identified in MEAM1 were Hamiltonella and Rickettsia; and the mtCOI analysis revealed low genetic diversity for MEAM1. In contrast, several different endosymbionts were identified in MED including Hamiltonella, Rickettsia, Wolbachia and Arsenophonus; and two distinct genetic groups were found based on the mtCOI analysis. Monitoring the distribution of the whiteflies species in Brazil is essential for proper management of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Aparecida de Moraes
- São Paulo State University, UNESP-FCA, Department of Plant Protection, CEP, 18610-034, Botucatu, (SP), Brazil
| | | | | | - Antônio Santos
- Corteva Agriscience, 13801-540, Mogi-Mirim, (SP), Brazil
| | - Vinicius Henrique Bello
- São Paulo State University, UNESP-FCA, Department of Plant Protection, CEP, 18610-034, Botucatu, (SP), Brazil
| | - Bruno Rossitto De Marchi
- São Paulo State University, UNESP-FCA, Department of Plant Protection, CEP, 18610-034, Botucatu, (SP), Brazil
| | | | - Julio Massaharu Marubayashi
- São Paulo State University, UNESP-FCA, Department of Plant Protection, CEP, 18610-034, Botucatu, (SP), Brazil
| | - Beatriz Rosa Santos
- São Paulo State University, UNESP-FCA, Department of Plant Protection, CEP, 18610-034, Botucatu, (SP), Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carolina Garcia Neves
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Department of Plant Protection, CEP, 96010-610, Pelotas, (RS), Brazil
| | - Fábio Nascimento da Silva
- Santa Catarina State University UDESC, Department of Agronomy/Plant Pathology, 88520-000, Lages, (SC), Brazil
| | - Mayra Juline Gonçalves
- Santa Catarina State University UDESC, Department of Agronomy/Plant Pathology, 88520-000, Lages, (SC), Brazil
| | - Murad Ghanim
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Entomology, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Laura Boykin
- The University of Western Australia, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology and School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Marcelo Agenor Pavan
- São Paulo State University, UNESP-FCA, Department of Plant Protection, CEP, 18610-034, Botucatu, (SP), Brazil
| | - Renate Krause-Sakate
- São Paulo State University, UNESP-FCA, Department of Plant Protection, CEP, 18610-034, Botucatu, (SP), Brazil.
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Macfadyen S, Paull C, Boykin L, De Barro P, Maruthi M, Otim M, Kalyebi A, Vassão D, Sseruwagi P, Tay W, Delatte H, Seguni Z, Colvin J, Omongo C. Cassava whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in East African farming landscapes: a review of the factors determining abundance. Bull Entomol Res 2018; 108:565-582. [PMID: 29433589 PMCID: PMC7672366 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485318000032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a pest species complex that causes widespread damage to cassava, a staple food crop for millions of households in East Africa. Species in the complex cause direct feeding damage to cassava and are the vectors of multiple plant viruses. Whilst significant work has gone into developing virus-resistant cassava cultivars, there has been little research effort aimed at understanding the ecology of these insect vectors. Here we assess critically the knowledge base relating to factors that may lead to high population densities of sub-Saharan African (SSA) B. tabaci species in cassava production landscapes of East Africa. We focus first on empirical studies that have examined biotic or abiotic factors that may lead to high populations. We then identify knowledge gaps that need to be filled to deliver sustainable management solutions. We found that whilst many hypotheses have been put forward to explain the increases in abundance witnessed since the early 1990s, there are little published data and these tend to have been collected in a piecemeal manner. The most critical knowledge gaps identified were: (i) understanding how cassava cultivars and alternative host plants impact population dynamics and natural enemies; (ii) the impact of natural enemies in terms of reducing the frequency of outbreaks and (iii) the use and management of insecticides to delay the development of resistance. In addition, there are several fundamental methodologies that need to be developed and deployed in East Africa to address some of the more challenging knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Macfadyen
- CSIRO, Clunies Ross St. Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Author for correspondence Phone: +61 (02) 62464432 Fax: +61 (02) 62464094
| | - C. Paull
- CSIRO, Boggo Rd. Dutton Park, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - L.M. Boykin
- University of Western Australia, School of Molecular Sciences, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - P. De Barro
- CSIRO, Boggo Rd. Dutton Park, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - M.N. Maruthi
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
| | - M. Otim
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - A. Kalyebi
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda
- Mikocheni Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 6226 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - D.G. Vassão
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell Str. 8 D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - P. Sseruwagi
- Mikocheni Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 6226 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - W.T. Tay
- CSIRO, Boggo Rd. Dutton Park, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - H. Delatte
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, Saint Pierre, La Réunion 97410-F, France
| | - Z. Seguni
- Mikocheni Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 6226 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - J. Colvin
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
| | - C.A. Omongo
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda
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Guo L, Su M, Liang P, Li S, Chu D. Effects of high temperature on insecticide tolerance in whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) Q biotype. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2018; 150:97-104. [PMID: 30195394 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) Q biotype (BTQ) has spread to many tropical and subtropical regions over the past several decades. This may reflect an advantage biotype Q has over closely related forms in having greater thermal and/or insecticide resistance, although the effects of higher temperatures on insecticide tolerance of BTQ has, to date, been largely ignored. In this study, the effects of elevated temperatures on BTQ's tolerance to the insecticide thiamethoxam were investigated. The effect on the activities of detoxifying enzymes [carboxylesterase (CarE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450)] and expression profiling of eleven genes of detoxifying enzymes were also determined. In addition, RNA interference (RNAi) and bioassay methods were used to further identify the function of CYP6CM1 in tolerance to thiamethoxam following exposure to higher temperatures. The results showed that elevated temperatures were responsible for causing different outcomes in the tolerance of BTQ to thiamethoxam: Temperatures of 35 °C or higher decreased the tolerance of BTQ to thiamethoxam, while a moderately high temperature of 31 °C increased the tolerance. The high temperature influenced the tolerance of BTQ by affecting the activity of P450. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) showed that CYP6CM1 was significantly up-regulated in most treatments at 31 °C, but was suppressed at 35 °C, which was closely associated with the mortality rates. Feeding on double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of CYP6CM1 significantly reduced the mRNA levels of the target gene in the adults, and dramatically decreased tolerance to thiamethoxam induced by a temperature of 31 °C for 6 h. Our finding provides useful information to better understand the invasion mechanism of BTQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Mingming Su
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Pei Liang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Shuo Li
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Dong Chu
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China.
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Mascarin GM, Alves Pereira-Junior R, Fernandes ÉKK, Quintela ED, Dunlap CA, Arthurs SP. Phenotype responses to abiotic stresses, asexual reproduction and virulence among isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps javanica (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). Microbiol Res 2018; 216:12-22. [PMID: 30269851 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Selecting entomopathogenic fungal isolates with resilience to environmental stresses, optimal mass production characteristics, and with high virulence to target pests favors the development of mycopesticides. A case in point, Cordyceps (= Isaria) javanica has been extensively investigated for non-chemical control of whiteflies worldwide. We phylogenetically characterized 11 native C. javanica isolates from Northeastern and Central Brazil. These isolates were screened for tolerance to heat-shock, UV-B radiation, osmotic and oxidative stresses, as well as conidial production on cereal grain and insecticidal activity against the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (MEAM 1) in the laboratory. All isolates were pathogenic to whiteflies and significant (3-fold) differences in median lethal concentration were observed among isolates. Furthermore, pronounced differences among isolates were found for stress factors and conidial production. Using principal component analysis, our results highlighted three major clusters formed by isolates (i) resistant to osmotic and oxidative stress, (ii) resilient to UV-B, and (iii) with high virulence, conidial production and heat tolerance. Overall, isolate CG1228 performed best based on multi-stress resistance, mass production and virulence attributes in the laboratory. This study highlights the importance of exploring natural variation in entomopathogenic fungi for selection of appropriate isolates for effective biocontrol of insect pests coupled with mass production characteristics and abiotic stress tolerances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Moura Mascarin
- Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Rodovia SP-340, km 127.5, S/N - Tanquinho Velho, Jaguariúna, SP, 13820-000, Brazil.
| | | | - Éverton Kort Kamp Fernandes
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74605-050, Brazil
| | - Eliane Dias Quintela
- Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Rodovia GO-462, km 12, Zona Rural, C.P. 179, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, 75375-000, Brazil
| | - Christopher A Dunlap
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - Steven Paul Arthurs
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station TX, 77843-2475, USA
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Barman AK, Gadhave KR, Dutta B, Srinivasan R. Plasticity in host utilization by two host-associated populations of Aphis gossypii Glover. Bull Entomol Res 2018; 108:360-369. [PMID: 28893328 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485317000852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biological and morphological plasticity in polyphagous insect herbivores allow them to exploit diverse host plant species. Geographical differences in resource availability can lead to preferential host exploitation and result in inconsistent host specialization. Biological and molecular data provide insights into specialization and plasticity of such herbivore populations. In agricultural landscapes, Aphis gossypii encounters several crop and non-crop hosts, which exist in temporal and spatial proximity. We investigated the host-specialization of two A. gossypii host-associated populations (HAPs), which were field collected from cotton and squash (cotton-associated population and melon-associated population), and later maintained separately in the greenhouse. The two aphid populations were exposed to seven plant species (cotton, okra, watermelon, squash, cucumber, pigweed, and morning glory), and evaluated for their host utilization plasticity by estimating aphid's fitness parameters (nymphal period, adult period, fecundity, and intrinsic rate of increase). Four phenotypical characters (body length, head capsule width, hind tibia length and cornicle length) were also measured from the resulting 14 different HAP × host plant combinations. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial COI sequences showed no genetic variation between the two HAPs. Fitness parameters indicated a significant variation between the two aphid populations, and the variation was influenced by host plants. The performance of melon-aphids was poor (up to 89% reduction in fecundity) on malvaceous hosts, cotton and okra. However, cotton-aphids performed better on cucurbitaceous hosts, squash and watermelon (up to 66% increased fecundity) compared with the natal host, cotton. Both HAPs were able to reproduce on two weed hosts. Cotton-aphids were smaller than melon-aphids irrespective of their host plants. Results from this study suggest that the two HAPs in the study area do not have strict host specialization; rather they exhibit plasticity in utilizing several hosts. In this scenario, it is unlikely that host-associated A. gossypii populations would evolve into host-specific biotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Barman
- Department of Entomology,University of Georgia,2360 Rainwater Road,Tifton,GA 31793,USA
| | - K R Gadhave
- Department of Entomology,University of Georgia,2360 Rainwater Road,Tifton,GA 31793,USA
| | - B Dutta
- Department of Plant pathology,University of Georgia,2360 Rainwater Road,Tifton,GA 31793,USA
| | - R Srinivasan
- Department of Entomology,University of Georgia,2360 Rainwater Road,Tifton,GA 31793,USA
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Kosovac A, Johannesen J, Krstić O, Mitrović M, Cvrković T, Toševski I, Jović J. Widespread plant specialization in the polyphagous planthopper Hyalesthes obsoletus (Cixiidae), a major vector of stolbur phytoplasma: Evidence of cryptic speciation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196969. [PMID: 29738577 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The stolbur phytoplasma vector Hyalesthes obsoletus is generally considered as a polyphagous species associated with numerous wild and cultivated plants. However, recent research in southeastern Europe, the distribution centre of H. obsoletus and the area of most stolbur-inflicted crop diseases, points toward specific host-plant associations of the vector, indicating specific vector-based transmission routes. Here, we study the specificity of populations associated with four host-plants using mitochondrial and nuclear genetic markers, and we evaluate the evolution of host-shifts in H. obsoletus. Host-plant use was confirmed for Convolvulus arvensis, Urtica dioica, Vitex agnus-castus and Crepis foetida. Mitochondrial genetic analysis showed sympatric occurrence of three phylogenetic lineages that were ecologically delineated by host-plant preference, but were morphologically inseparable. Nuclear data supported the existence of three genetic groups (Evanno’s ΔK(3) = 803.72) with average genetic membership probabilities > 90%. While populations associated with C. arvensis and U. dioica form a homogenous group, populations affiliated with V. agnus-castus and C. foetida constitute two independent plant-associated lineages. The geographical signal permeating the surveyed populations indicated complex diversification processes associated with host-plant selection and likely derived from post-glacial refugia in the eastern Mediterranean. This study provides evidence for cryptic species diversification within H. obsoletus sensu lato: i) consistent mitochondrial differentiation (1.1–1.5%) among host-associated populations in syntopy and in geographically distant areas, ii) nuclear genetic variance supporting mitochondrial data, and iii) average mitochondrial genetic distances among host-associated meta-populations are comparable to the most closely related, morphologically distinguishable species, i.e., Hyalesthes thracicus (2.1–3.3%).
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Mugerwa H, Seal S, Wang HL, Patel MV, Kabaalu R, Omongo CA, Alicai T, Tairo F, Ndunguru J, Sseruwagi P, Colvin J. African ancestry of New World, Bemisia tabaci-whitefly species. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2734. [PMID: 29426821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20956-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci whitefly species are some of the world’s most devastating agricultural pests and plant-virus disease vectors. Elucidation of the phylogenetic relationships in the group is the basis for understanding their evolution, biogeography, gene-functions and development of novel control technologies. We report here the discovery of five new Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) B. tabaci putative species, using the partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 gene: SSA9, SSA10, SSA11, SSA12 and SSA13. Two of them, SSA10 and SSA11 clustered with the New World species and shared 84.8‒86.5% sequence identities. SSA10 and SSA11 provide new evidence for a close evolutionary link between the Old and New World species. Re-analysis of the evolutionary history of B. tabaci species group indicates that the new African species (SSA10 and SSA11) diverged from the New World clade c. 25 million years ago. The new putative species enable us to: (i) re-evaluate current models of B. tabaci evolution, (ii) recognise increased diversity within this cryptic species group and (iii) re-estimate divergence dates in evolutionary time.
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Žanić K, Dumičić G, Mandušić M, Vuletin Selak G, Bočina I, Urlić B, Ljubenkov I, Bučević Popović V, Goreta Ban S. Bemisia tabaci MED Population Density as Affected by Rootstock-Modified Leaf Anatomy and Amino Acid Profiles in Hydroponically Grown Tomato. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:86. [PMID: 29459878 PMCID: PMC5807426 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci is one of the most devastating pests in tomato greenhouse production. Insecticide resistance management for B. tabaci requires a novel approach that maximizes non-chemical methods for pest control. The aim of this study was to test the effects of rootstocks on B. tabaci populations in hydroponically grown tomato plants. In order to contribute to the better understanding of the mechanisms defining the attractiveness of plant to the aerial pest, the effects of rootstocks on leaf anatomy and the amino acid composition of phloem sap were assessed. A two-factorial experimental design was adopted using cultivars (rootstock cultivars and Clarabella) grown as either non-grafted or grafted with cultivar Clarabella as a scion. The rootstock cultivars included Arnold, Buffon, Emperador, and Maxifort. A reduction in B. tabaci density was observed using all rootstock cultivars. The number of adult individuals per leaf was 2.7-5.4 times lower on rootstock cultivars than on Clarabella. The number of large nymphs per square centimeter was at least 24% higher on non-grafted Clarabella compared with all other treatments. The leaf lamina thickness and mesophyll thickness were lower in self-grafted Clarabella than in non-grafted or in one grafted on rootstock cultivars; however, the extent of this reduction depended on the rootstock. The leaves with thinner laminae were generally less attractive to B. tabaci. Eighteen amino acids were detected in the exudates of phloem sap. In all treatments, the most abundant amino acid was γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), followed by proline, serine, alanine, and histidine. The scion cultivar Clarabella was the most attractive to B. tabaci and had a higher content of leucine than did rootstock cultivars, and a higher content of lysine compared to Buffon and Maxifort. The features modified by rootstock such are changes in leaf anatomy can affect the attractiveness of plants to B. tabaci. Thus, the grafting of tomato could constitute a valuable tool in an integrated management strategy against this aerial pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Žanić
- Department of Applied Sciences, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Split, Croatia
| | - Gvozden Dumičić
- Department of Plant Sciences, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Split, Croatia
| | - Marija Mandušić
- Department of Applied Sciences, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Split, Croatia
| | - Gabriela Vuletin Selak
- Department of Plant Sciences, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Split, Croatia
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Bočina
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Branimir Urlić
- Department of Applied Sciences, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivica Ljubenkov
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | | | - Smiljana Goreta Ban
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Agriculture and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Poreč, Croatia
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Roditakis E, Stavrakaki M, Grispou M, Achimastou A, Van Waetermeulen X, Nauen R, Tsagkarakou A. Flupyradifurone effectively manages whitefly Bemisia tabaci MED (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus in tomato. Pest Manag Sci 2017; 73:1574-1584. [PMID: 28345196 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is among the most important pests of numerous crops and a vector of more than 100 plant viruses, causing significant crop losses worldwide. Managing this pest as well as inhibiting the transmission of major viruses such as tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) are of utmost importance for sustainable yields. The efficacy against both whitefly and virus transmission of the novel systemic butenolide insecticide flupyradifurone was investigated in this study. RESULTS The inhibition of TYLCV transmission by flupyradifurone was compared to that by thiamethoxam, a neonicotinoid insecticide reported to inhibit virus transmission. The experiment was performed under high virus pressure conditions (10 viruliferous insects per plant for 48 h) using a fully characterized field strain of B. tabaci. The insecticides were foliarly applied at recommended label rates under greenhouse conditions. Flupyradifurone suppressed virus transmission by 85% while levels of suppression after thiamethoxam treatments were just 25% and significantly lower. In untreated control plots, 100% of plants were infected by TYLCV. The observed difference in the potential to suppress virus transmission is linked to a strong knockdown effect as well as prolonged feeding inhibition in flupyradifurone treatments. CONCLUSION Flupyradifurone is shown to be an extremely useful, fast-acting, new chemical tool in integrated crop management offering simultaneous control of whiteflies and strong suppression of viral infections via its rapid knockdown action and good residual activity. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Roditakis
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization - 'Demeter', Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Department of Viticulture, Vegetable Crops and Plant Protection, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marianna Stavrakaki
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization - 'Demeter', Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Department of Viticulture, Vegetable Crops and Plant Protection, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Grispou
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization - 'Demeter', Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Department of Viticulture, Vegetable Crops and Plant Protection, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Achimastou
- Bayer Hellas, Agronomic Development and Regulatory Affairs, Bayer Crop Science, Marousi, Greece
| | | | - Ralf Nauen
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, R&D Pest Control, Monheim, Germany
| | - Anastasia Tsagkarakou
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization - 'Demeter', Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Department of Viticulture, Vegetable Crops and Plant Protection, Heraklion, Greece
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Karut K, Mete Karaca M, Döker I, Kazak C. Analysis of Species, Subgroups, and Endosymbionts of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) From Southwestern Cotton Fields in Turkey. Environ Entomol 2017; 46:1035-1040. [PMID: 28505238 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvx093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is one of the most important insect pests worldwide including Turkey. Although there are substantial data regarding species composition of Turkish B. tabaci populations, the situation is still not clear and further investigations are needed. Therefore, in this study, species and subgroups of B. tabaci collected from cotton fields in southwestern part of Turkey (Antalya, Aydın, Denizli, and Muğla) were determined using microsatellite analysis, AluI-based mtCOI polymerase chain reaction-random length polymorphism, and sequencing. Secondary endosymbionts were also determined using diagnostic species-specific PCR. Middle East Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1), Mediterranean (MED) Q1, and MED Q2 were the species and subgroups found in this study. The MED species (85.3%) were found to be more dominant than MEAM1. Species status of B. tabaci varied depending on the location. Although all samples collected from Aydın were found to be Q1, three species and subgroups were found in Muğla. Secondary endosymbionts varied according to species and subgroups. Arsenophonus was found only from Q2, while Hamiltonella was detected in MEAM1 and Q1. In addition, high Rickettsia and low Wolbachia infections were detected in MEAM1 and Q1 populations, respectively. In conclusion, for the first time, we report the presence and symbiotic communities of Q1 from Turkey. We also found that the symbiont complement of the Q1 is more congruent with Q1 from Greece than other regions of the world, which may have some interesting implications for movement of this invasive subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Karut
- Agricultural Faculty, Department of Plant Protection, Laboratory of Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - M Mete Karaca
- Agricultural Faculty, Department of Plant Protection, Laboratory of Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Ismail Döker
- Agricultural Faculty, Department of Plant Protection, Laboratory of Acarology, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Kazak
- Agricultural Faculty, Department of Plant Protection, Laboratory of Acarology, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
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Rahman MU, Khan AQ, Rahmat Z, Iqbal MA, Zafar Y. Genetics and Genomics of Cotton Leaf Curl Disease, Its Viral Causal Agents and Whitefly Vector: A Way Forward to Sustain Cotton Fiber Security. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:1157. [PMID: 28725230 PMCID: PMC5495822 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) after its first epidemic in 1912 in Nigeria, has spread to different cotton growing countries including United States, Pakistan, India, and China. The disease is of viral origin-transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, which is difficult to control because of the prevalence of multiple virulent viral strains or related species. The problem is further complicated as the CLCuD causing virus complex has a higher recombination rate. The availability of alternate host crops like tomato, okra, etc., and practicing mixed type farming system have further exaggerated the situation by adding synergy to the evolution of new viral strains and vectors. Efforts to control this disease using host plant resistance remained successful using two gene based-resistance that was broken by the evolution of new resistance breaking strain called Burewala virus. Development of transgenic cotton using both pathogen and non-pathogenic derived approaches are in progress. In future, screening for new forms of host resistance, use of DNA markers for the rapid incorporation of resistance into adapted cultivars overlaid with transgenics and using genome editing by CRISPR/Cas system would be instrumental in adding multiple layers of defense to control the disease-thus cotton fiber production will be sustained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehboob-ur- Rahman
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Q. Khan
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zainab Rahmat
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A. Iqbal
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yusuf Zafar
- Pakistan Agricultural Research CouncilIslamabad, Pakistan
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Sadeh D, Nitzan N, Shachter A, Chaimovitsh D, Dudai N, Ghanim M. Whitefly attraction to rosemary (Rosmarinus officinialis L.) is associated with volatile composition and quantity. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177483. [PMID: 28498837 PMCID: PMC5428955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is an important insect pest, causing severe damage to agricultural crops. The pest was recorded in a commercial rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis, Lamiaceae) field, colonizing rosemary variety (var.) '2', but not '11'. A series of field and controlled laboratory choice bioassays confirmed the observed phenomenon. Mature potted plants of the two varieties were randomly organized in a lemon verbena (Lippia citrodora) and lemon grass (Cymbopogon spp.) fields. Seven days later var. '2' was significantly more colonized by whiteflies than var. '11'. Under lab conditions, whiteflies were significantly more attracted to var. '2' plantlets than to var. '11' following choice bioassays. Furthermore, cotton plants dipped in an essential oil emulsion of var. '2' had significantly greater colonization than cotton plants dipped in the essential oil emulsion of var. '11'. Similar results were obtained in 'plant-plant', 'plant-no plant' as well as, 'essential oil-essential oil' choice bioassay designs. Analyses of the essential oils of the two varieties identified a set of common and unique volatiles in each variety. Among these volatiles were β-caryophyllene and limonene, two compounds known to be associated with plant-insect interactions. The attraction of B. tabaci to pure (>95%) β-caryophyllene and limonene using a range of concentrations was examined in vitro by choice bioassays. The compounds were attractive to the insect at moderate concentration, but not at the lowest or highest concentrations used, where the insect was not attracted or repelled, respectively. Limonene attracted the insects at rates that were 10-fold lower than β-caryophyllene. The results emphasized the role of host plant volatiles in shaping the structure of B. tabaci populations in nature and in agricultural systems, and provided insights into the factors that contribute to the development of insect populations with unique characteristics. The results could also serve for future development of bio-pesticides and in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dganit Sadeh
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, ARO, Ramat-Yishay, Israel
- Department of Entomology, Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nadav Nitzan
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, ARO, Ramat-Yishay, Israel
| | - Alona Shachter
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, ARO, Ramat-Yishay, Israel
| | - David Chaimovitsh
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, ARO, Ramat-Yishay, Israel
| | - Nativ Dudai
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, ARO, Ramat-Yishay, Israel
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
- * E-mail: (MG); (ND)
| | - Murad Ghanim
- Department of Entomology, Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
- * E-mail: (MG); (ND)
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Wang S, Zhang Y, Yang X, Xie W, Wu Q. Resistance Monitoring for Eight Insecticides on the Sweetpotato Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in China. J Econ Entomol 2017; 110:660-666. [PMID: 28334168 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), is an important pest of many crops worldwide. Because control of B. tabaci still depends on the application of insecticides in China, monitoring the insecticide resistance of B. tabaci populations is essential for achieving control and for managing resistance. In this study, field populations of B. tabaci on vegetables were collected in three regions of China in 2011, 2012, and 2013. The resistance of these populations (all of which were determined to belong to biotype Q) to eight insecticides (abamectin, spinetoram, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, nitenpyram, chlorpyrifos, and bifenthrin) was assessed by the leaf-dip method. No resistance to abamectin and spinetoram was detected. All of the B. tabaci populations exhibited resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides; the resistance was 3.6- to 125.0-fold greater than that of a susceptible reference strain. The traditional insecticides chlorpyrifos and bifenthrin had very low toxicity. Bemisia tabaci specimens in some regions exhibited annual differences in resistance to some of the insecticides. The data presented will be helpful for making decisions on the proper insecticide usage in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoli Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P. R. China (; ; ; ; )
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P. R. China (; ; ; ; )
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P. R. China (; ; ; ; )
| | - Wen Xie
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P. R. China (; ; ; ; )
| | - Qingjun Wu
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P. R. China (; ; ; ; )
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Gao T, Wang Z, Huang Y, Keyhani NO, Huang Z. Lack of resistance development in Bemisia tabaci to Isaria fumosorosea after multiple generations of selection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42727. [PMID: 28230074 PMCID: PMC5322360 DOI: 10.1038/srep42727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of insecticide resistant insect pests is of significant concern worldwide. The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, is an important agricultural pest and has shown incredible resilience developing resistance to a number of chemical pesticides. Entomopathogenic fungi such as Isaria fumosorosea offer an attractive alternative to chemical pesticides for insect control, and this fungus has been shown to be an effective pathogen of B. tabaci. Little is known concerning the potential for the development of resistance to I. fumosorosea by B. tabaci. Five generations of successive survivors of B. tabaci infected by I. fumosorosea were assayed with I. fumosorosea. No significant differences in susceptibility to I. fumosorosea, number of ovarioles, or ovipostioning were seen between any of the generations tested. Effects of I. fumosorosea and cell-free ethyl acetate fractions derived from the fungus on the B. tabaci fat body, ovary, and vitellogenin were also investigated. These data revealed significant deformation and degradation of ovary tissues and associated vitellogenin by the fungal mycelium as well as by cell-free ethyl acetate fungal extracts. These data indicate the lack of the emergence of resistance to I. fumosorosea under the conditions tested and demonstrate invasion of the insect reproductive tissues during fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianni Gao
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhaolei Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yü Huang
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Nemat O Keyhani
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Bldg. 981, Museum Rd., Gainesville, FL32611, USA
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Bldg. 981, Museum Rd., Gainesville, FL32611, USA
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Yao FL, Zheng Y, Huang XY, Ding XL, Zhao JW, Desneux N, He YX, Weng QY. Dynamics of Bemisia tabaci biotypes and insecticide resistance in Fujian province in China during 2005-2014. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40803. [PMID: 28112233 PMCID: PMC5256031 DOI: 10.1038/srep40803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an important agricultural insect pest worldwide. The B and Q biotypes are the two most predominant and devastating biotypes prevalent across China. However, there are few studies regarding the occurrence of the Q biotype in Fujian Province, China, where high insecticide resistance has been reported in the B biotype. Differences in some biological characteristics between the B and Q biotypes, especially insecticide resistance, are considered to affect the outcome of their competition. Extensive surveys in Fujian revealed that the B biotype was predominant during 2005–2014, whereas the Q biotype was first detected in some locations in 2013 and widely detected throughout the province in 2014. Resistance to neonicotinoids (that have been used for more than 10 years) exhibited fluctuations in open fields, but showed a continual increasing trend in protected areas. Resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorpyrifos, and abamectin exhibited a declining trend. Resistance to novel insecticides, such as nitenpyram, pymetrozine, sulfoxaflor, and cyantraniliprole, in 2014 was generally below a moderate level. A decline in insecticide resistance in the B biotype and the rapid buildup of protected crops under global temperature increase may have promoted the establishment of the Q biotype in Fujian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Luan Yao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Huang
- Provincial Station of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Fujian Provincial Department of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Xue-Ling Ding
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Jian-Wei Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- INRA (French National Institute for Agricultural Research), Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06903, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Yu-Xian He
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Qi-Yong Weng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou 350001, China
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49
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Naveen NC, Chaubey R, Kumar D, Rebijith KB, Rajagopal R, Subrahmanyam B, Subramanian S. Insecticide resistance status in the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci genetic groups Asia-I, Asia-II-1 and Asia-II-7 on the Indian subcontinent. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40634. [PMID: 28098188 DOI: 10.1038/srep40634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is a summary of the current level of the insecticide resistance to selected organophosphates, pyrethroids, and neonicotinoids in seven Indian field populations of Bemisia tabaci genetic groups Asia-I, Asia-II-1, and Asia-II-7. Susceptibility of these populations was varied with Asia-II-7 being the most susceptible, while Asia-I and Asia-II-1 populations were showing significant resistance to these insecticides. The variability of the LC50 values was 7x for imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, 5x for monocrotophos and 3x for cypermethrin among the Asia-I, while, they were 7x for cypermethrin, 6x for deltamethrin and 5x for imidacloprid within the Asia-II-1 populations. When compared with the most susceptible, PUSA population (Asia-II-7), a substantial increase in resistant ratios was observed in both the populations of Asia-I and Asia-II-1. Comparative analysis during 2010-13 revealed a decline in susceptibility in Asia-I and Asia-II-1 populations of B. tabaci to the tested organophosphate, pyrethroid, and neonicotinoid insecticides. Evidence of potential control failure was detected using probit analysis estimates for cypermethrin, deltamethrin, monocrotophos and imidacloprid. Our results update resistance status of B. tabaci in India. The implications of insecticide resistance management of B. tabaci on Indian subcontinent are discussed.
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50
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Chen W, Hasegawa DK, Kaur N, Kliot A, Pinheiro PV, Luan J, Stensmyr MC, Zheng Y, Liu W, Sun H, Xu Y, Luo Y, Kruse A, Yang X, Kontsedalov S, Lebedev G, Fisher TW, Nelson DR, Hunter WB, Brown JK, Jander G, Cilia M, Douglas AE, Ghanim M, Simmons AM, Wintermantel WM, Ling KS, Fei Z. The draft genome of whitefly Bemisia tabaci MEAM1, a global crop pest, provides novel insights into virus transmission, host adaptation, and insecticide resistance. BMC Biol 2016; 14:110. [PMID: 27974049 PMCID: PMC5157087 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-016-0321-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is among the 100 worst invasive species in the world. As one of the most important crop pests and virus vectors, B. tabaci causes substantial crop losses and poses a serious threat to global food security. Results We report the 615-Mb high-quality genome sequence of B. tabaci Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1), the first genome sequence in the Aleyrodidae family, which contains 15,664 protein-coding genes. The B. tabaci genome is highly divergent from other sequenced hemipteran genomes, sharing no detectable synteny. A number of known detoxification gene families, including cytochrome P450s and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases, are significantly expanded in B. tabaci. Other expanded gene families, including cathepsins, large clusters of tandemly duplicated B. tabaci-specific genes, and phosphatidylethanolamine-binding proteins (PEBPs), were found to be associated with virus acquisition and transmission and/or insecticide resistance, likely contributing to the global invasiveness and efficient virus transmission capacity of B. tabaci. The presence of 142 horizontally transferred genes from bacteria or fungi in the B. tabaci genome, including genes encoding hopanoid/sterol synthesis and xenobiotic detoxification enzymes that are not present in other insects, offers novel insights into the unique biological adaptations of this insect such as polyphagy and insecticide resistance. Interestingly, two adjacent bacterial pantothenate biosynthesis genes, panB and panC, have been co-transferred into B. tabaci and fused into a single gene that has acquired introns during its evolution. Conclusions The B. tabaci genome contains numerous genetic novelties, including expansions in gene families associated with insecticide resistance, detoxification and virus transmission, as well as numerous horizontally transferred genes from bacteria and fungi. We believe these novelties likely have shaped B. tabaci as a highly invasive polyphagous crop pest and efficient vector of plant viruses. The genome serves as a reference for resolving the B. tabaci cryptic species complex, understanding fundamental biological novelties, and providing valuable genetic information to assist the development of novel strategies for controlling whiteflies and the viruses they transmit. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12915-016-0321-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Chen
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Daniel K Hasegawa
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.,US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, US Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC, 29414, USA
| | - Navneet Kaur
- US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Crop Improvement and Protection Research, Salinas, CA, 93905, USA
| | - Adi Kliot
- Department of Entomology, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Patricia Valle Pinheiro
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.,EMBRAPA Rice and Beans, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, 75375-000, Brazil.,Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Junbo Luan
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | | | - Yi Zheng
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Wenli Liu
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Honghe Sun
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Yimin Xu
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Yuan Luo
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Angela Kruse
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.,Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | | | - Galina Lebedev
- Department of Entomology, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Tonja W Fisher
- Department of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - David R Nelson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Wayne B Hunter
- US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, US Horticultural Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL, 34945, USA
| | - Judith K Brown
- Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Georg Jander
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Michelle Cilia
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.,Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, SE-223 62, Sweden.,US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Angela E Douglas
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Murad Ghanim
- Department of Entomology, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Alvin M Simmons
- US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, US Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC, 29414, USA
| | - William M Wintermantel
- US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Crop Improvement and Protection Research, Salinas, CA, 93905, USA.
| | - Kai-Shu Ling
- US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, US Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC, 29414, USA.
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA. .,US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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