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Ceramella J, De Maio AC, Basile G, Facente A, Scali E, Andreu I, Sinicropi MS, Iacopetta D, Catalano A. Phytochemicals Involved in Mitigating Silent Toxicity Induced by Heavy Metals. Foods 2024; 13:978. [PMID: 38611284 PMCID: PMC11012104 DOI: 10.3390/foods13070978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) are natural elements present in the Earth's crust, characterised by a high atomic mass and a density more than five times higher than water. Despite their origin from natural sources, extensive usage and processing of raw materials and their presence as silent poisons in our daily products and diets have drastically altered their biochemical balance, making them a threat to the environment and human health. Particularly, the food chain polluted with toxic metals represents a crucial route of human exposure. Therefore, the impact of HMs on human health has become a matter of concern because of the severe chronic effects induced by their excessive levels in the human body. Chelation therapy is an approved valid treatment for HM poisoning; however, despite the efficacy demonstrated by chelating agents, various dramatic side effects may occur. Numerous data demonstrate that dietary components and phytoantioxidants play a significant role in preventing or reducing the damage induced by HMs. This review summarises the role of various phytochemicals, plant and herbal extracts or probiotics in promoting human health by mitigating the toxic effects of different HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (J.C.); (A.C.D.M.); (G.B.); (A.F.); (D.I.)
| | - Azzurra Chiara De Maio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (J.C.); (A.C.D.M.); (G.B.); (A.F.); (D.I.)
| | - Giovanna Basile
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (J.C.); (A.C.D.M.); (G.B.); (A.F.); (D.I.)
| | - Anastasia Facente
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (J.C.); (A.C.D.M.); (G.B.); (A.F.); (D.I.)
| | - Elisabetta Scali
- Unit of Dermatology, Spoke Hospital, Locri, 89044 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación UPV-IIS La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando, Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (J.C.); (A.C.D.M.); (G.B.); (A.F.); (D.I.)
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (J.C.); (A.C.D.M.); (G.B.); (A.F.); (D.I.)
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy;
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Sokary S, Bawadi H, Zakaria ZZ, Al-Asmakh M. The Effects of Spirulina Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Narrative Review. J Diet Suppl 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38251049 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2301366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) is a cyanobacterium associated with multiple health benefits. Cardiometabolic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and diabetes are prevalent yet usually preventable non-communicable diseases. Modifiable risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases include excessive body weight, body inflammation, atherogenic lipid profile, and imbalanced glucose metabolism. This review explores the effects of spirulina on cardiometabolic diseases risk factors. Spirulina was effective in reducing body weight, body mass index, and waist circumference, with a potential dose-dependent effect. It also decreased interleukin 6, an important biomarker of body inflammation, by inhibiting NADPH oxidase enzyme, and lowering insulin resistance. spirulina supplementation also reduced triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Additionally, spirulina reduced fasting blood sugar and post-prandial blood sugar and increased insulin sensitivity, but no effect was observed on glycated hemoglobin A1c. The diverse nutrients, such as phycocyanin, gamma-linolenic acid, and vitamin B12, present in spirulina contribute to its cardiometabolic benefits. The doses used are heterogeneous for most studies, ranging from 1 to 8 grams daily, but most studies administered spirulina for 3 months to observe an effect. The collective evidence suggests that spirulina supplements may help improve risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases, thus, preventing its development. However, due to the heterogeneity of the results, more randomized clinical trials are needed to draw robust conclusions about spirulina's therapeutic potential in ameliorating risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases and fully elucidate the mechanisms by which it exerts its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sokary
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Science, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hiba Bawadi
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Science, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zain Zaki Zakaria
- Vice President for Medical and Health Sciences Office, Health Cluster, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maha Al-Asmakh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Shi P, Yan Z, Chen M, Li P, Wang D, Zhou J, Wang Z, Yang S, Zhang Z, Li C, Yin Y, Huang P. Effects of dietary supplementation with Radix Isatidis polysaccharide on egg quality, immune function, and intestinal health in hens. Res Vet Sci 2024; 166:105080. [PMID: 37952298 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementing laying hen diets with Radix Isatidis Polysaccharide (RIPS) on egg quality, immune function, and intestinal health. The research was conducted using 288 Hyland Brown hens, which were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments: control (without RIPS), low dose (200 g/t), medium dose (500 g/t), and high dose (1000 g/t) of RIPS. Each dietary treatment was administered to eight replicates of nine hens for nine weeks. The results revealed that RIPS inclusion in diets significantly improved egg quality parameters such as egg shape index, yolk color, haugh unit, and protein height (P < 0.05). Additionally, RIPS supplementation enhanced immune function as evidenced by an alteration in serum biochemical parameters, an increase in the spleen index, and a decrease in the liver index. Further, an evaluation of intestinal health showed that RIPS fortified the intestinal barrier, thus increasing the population of beneficial intestinal bacteria and reducing the abundance of harmful ones. Such mechanisms promoted intestinal health, digestion, and nutrient absorption, ultimately leading to enhanced egg quality. In conclusion, supplementing laying hen diets with RIPS has been demonstrated to improve egg quality by boosting immunity and optimizing intestinal digestion and absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zenghao Yan
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Miaofen Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Pingping Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Deqin Wang
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Junjuan Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhaojie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Shihao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chuyuan Li
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Yulong Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Peng Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Elzaher HAA, Ibrahim ZA, Ahmed SA, Salah AS, Osman A, Swelum AA, Suliman GM, Tellez-Isaias G, Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME. Growth, carcass criteria, and blood biochemical parameters of growing quails fed Arthrospira platensis as a feed additive. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103205. [PMID: 38036412 PMCID: PMC10755819 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of Arthrospira platensis (A. platensis) as a dietary supplement on growth, carcass criteria, liver and kidney function, lipid profile, and immunity of growing Japanese quails. In a 28-day experiment, 240 unsexed 7-day-old quail chicks were used. The quail chicks were divided into 4 treatment sets, each comprising 6 replicates and 10 quail chicks. Group (1) fed the basal diet with no supplements, group (2) fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.25 g A. platensis/kg diet, group (3) fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.50 g A. platensis/kg diet, and group (4) fed the basal diet supplemented with 1.00 g A. platensis/kg diet. The results of this study revealed that the birds that were fed 0.50 g. or 1.00 g A. platensis/kg diet had superior final body weights, body weight gains, feed conversion ratios, and carcass criteria compared to control, furthermore, had significant (P < 0.05) lower levels of liver enzymes and kidney function markers compared to control. Furthermore, birds fed 0.50 g or 1.00 g A. platensis/kg diet had significantly (P < 0.05) reduced cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol levels compared to control. Dietary supplementation of A. platensis at 0.50 and 1.00 g/kg diet significantly (P < 0.05) increased total antioxidant capacity, total immunoglobulin, and lysozyme activity levels. Using A. platensis at 0.5 or 1 g/kg diet levels during the Japanese quails' growth period can improve growth, carcass criteria, liver and kidney function, lipid profile, and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagar A Abd Elzaher
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Zenat A Ibrahim
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samy A Ahmed
- Animal Health Research Institute, El-Sharkia Branch, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ayman S Salah
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, New Valley Governorate, Egypt
| | - Ali Osman
- Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamaleldin M Suliman
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Rahim A, Sibaoueih M, Essamadi A, El Amiri B. An interventional clinical trial investigating the effects of Spirulina platensis on dental fluorosis and antioxidant system in lambs reared in endemic areas. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16858. [PMID: 37803131 PMCID: PMC10558506 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Spirulina platensis primary against dental fluorosis and secondary against oxidative stress in lambs reared in endemic fluorosis areas. Forty-eight lambs aged 5 months were divided into four equal groups (each one including 6 males and 6 females). Groups I and II served as controls belonging respectively to fluorosis-free (Settat) and endemic fluorosis (El Fokra) areas, while the other two Groups III and IV (belonging to El Fokra) received respectively a fixed daily intake of 250 and 500 mg/kg bodyweight (BW) of Spirulina platensis. The experiment was carried out for 13 months until the adult incisors appeared for all animals. According to the Dean's Fluorosis Index (DFI), 500 mg/kg BW/day of Spirulina platensis (Group IV) protected against dental fluorosis. Moreover, in both male and female lambs, this dose significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced the plasmatic levels of fluoride, proteins, GSH, and MDA compared to the Group II. Furthermore, enzymatic activities of catalase and SOD increased significantly (p < 0.0001) in male and female lambs of the Group IV as compared to Group II. In conclusion, our findings support the potential use of Spirulina platensis as a valuable solution for addressing fluorosis in sheep, warranting further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellatif Rahim
- Animal Production Unit, Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Avenue EnnasrRabat Principal, P.O. Box 415, 10090, Rabat, Morocco
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan First University of Settat, P.O. Box 577, 26000, Settat, Morocco
| | - Mounia Sibaoueih
- Animal Production Unit, Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Avenue EnnasrRabat Principal, P.O. Box 415, 10090, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Adekhalid Essamadi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan First University of Settat, P.O. Box 577, 26000, Settat, Morocco
| | - Bouchra El Amiri
- Animal Production Unit, Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Avenue EnnasrRabat Principal, P.O. Box 415, 10090, Rabat, Morocco.
- African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 70000, Laayoune, Morocco.
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Rahnama I, Arabi SM, Chambari M, Bahrami LS, Hadi V, Mirghazanfari SM, Rizzo M, Hadi S, Sahebkar A. The effect of Spirulina supplementation on lipid profile: GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of data from randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res 2023; 193:106802. [PMID: 37263369 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the most important causes of death worldwide. Dyslipidemia is one of the main causal risk factors for CVD that can be controlled by modifying lifestyle, which entails the use of healthy diets containing functional foods. The present study was conducted to summarize the effects of Spirulina on the lipid profile in previous randomized controlled trials. METHODS MEDLINE, Scopus, Clarivate Analytics Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched systematically until January 2023, for clinical interventions that investigated the effect of Spirulina supplementation on plasma lipid profile concentrations. RESULTS ooled results of 20 studies (with 23 arms and 1076 participants) indicated that Spirulina intervention significantly reduced LDL-C (SMD: -0.6, 95% CI: -0.9, -0.2, P˂0.05), TC (SMD: -0.6, 95% CI: -0.9, -0.2, P˂0.05) and TG (SMD: -0.6, 95% CI: -0.9, -0.2, P˂0.05) levels while HDL-C levels were significantly increased (SMD: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.0, 0.6, P˂0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present meta-analysis and review show the usefulness of supplementing with Spirulina in improving serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Rahnama
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mostafa Arabi
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran; Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mahla Chambari
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Leila Sadat Bahrami
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Hadi
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayid Mahdi Mirghazanfari
- Department of Physiology and Iranian Medicine, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133Palermo, Italy
| | - Saeid Hadi
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Abstract
Spirulina species are photosynthetic and filamentous bacteria, commonly called 'blue-green microalgae'. Spirulina has a high nutrient content. It contains 60-70% protein with all essential amino acids present, and is rich in several vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds. Spirulina is also rich in essential fatty acids, and antioxidants. This rich nutritional content provides to Spirulina several health benefits including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, and insulin-sensitizing properties as well as positive effects in various diseases which could be also interesting for athletes. This paper mainly aims to review the interest and effects of Spirulina supplementation in athletes at rest, and in relation to exercise/training. Spirulina's biochemical composition, health properties/effects in humans, and effects in athletes including nutritional status, body composition, physical performance and intense exercise-related disorders were discussed in this review. Literature data showed that Spirulina seems to have positive effects on body composition especially in overweight and obese subjects which could not be the case in other pathologies and athletes. Spirulina appears to be also effective in improving aerobic fitness especially in untrained and moderately trained subjects. Results reported in the literature suggest that Spirulina may improve strength and power performance despite the minor or no significant effects in highly trained subjects. Most studies have shown that Spirulina improves antioxidant status, prevents and accelerates the recovery of exercise-induced lipid peroxidation, muscle damage and inflammation in trained and untrained subjects. Taken together, the results from these studies are encouraging and may demonstrate the potential benefits of Spirulina supplementation in athletes despite methodological differences.
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Yadavalli R, Valluru P, Raj R, Reddy CN, Mishra B. Biological detoxification of mycotoxins: Emphasizing the role of algae. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Wang F, Zou P, Xu S, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Li X, Tang L, Wang B, Jin Q, Yu D, Li W. Dietary supplementation of Macleaya cordata extract and Bacillus in combination improve laying performance by regulating reproductive hormones, intestinal microbiota and barrier function of laying hens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:118. [PMID: 36224643 PMCID: PMC9559840 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00766-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate whether the combination of Macleaya cordata extract (MCE) and Bacillus could improve the laying performance and health of laying hens better. METHODS A total of 360 29-week-old Jingbai laying hens were randomly divided into 4 treatments: control group (basal diet), MCE group (basal diet + MCE), Probiotics Bacillus Compound (PBC) group (basal diet + compound Bacillus), MCE + PBC group (basal diet + MCE + compound Bacillus). The feeding experiment lasted for 42 d. RESULTS The results showed that the laying rate and the average daily egg mass in the MCE + PBC group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05) and better than the MCE and PBC group. Combination of MCE and Bacillus significantly increased the content of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the serum and up-regulated the expression of related hormone receptor gene (estrogen receptor-β, FSHR and luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor) in the ovary of laying hens (P < 0.05). In the MCE + PBC group, the mRNA expressions of zonula occluden-1, Occludin and mucin-2 in jejunum was increased and the intestinal epithelial barrier detected by transmission electron microscopy was enhanced compared with the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, compared with the control group, combination of MCE and Bacillus significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity (P < 0.05), and down-regulated the mRNA expressions of inflammation-related genes (interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α) as well as apoptosis-related genes (Caspase 3, Caspase 8 and P53) (P < 0.05). The concentration of acetic acid and butyric acid in the cecum content of laying hens in the MCE + PBC group was significantly increased compared with the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Collectively, dietary supplementation of 600 μg/kg MCE and 5 × 108 CFU/kg compound Bacillus can improve laying performance by improving microbiota to enhance antioxidant capacity and intestinal barrier, regulate reproductive hormones and the concentration of cecal short-chain fatty acids of laying hens, and the combined effect of MCE and Bacillus is better than that of single supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shujie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Sci-Tech City, Yongyou Industry Park, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuanhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Li Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Baikui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qian Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Sci-Tech City, Yongyou Industry Park, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Dongyou Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Sci-Tech City, Yongyou Industry Park, Sanya, 572000, China.
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Sci-Tech City, Yongyou Industry Park, Sanya, 572000, China.
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Sayed AEDH, Taher H, Soliman HAM, Salah El-Din AED. Immunological and hemato-biochemical effects on catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to dexamethasone. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1018795. [PMID: 36187758 PMCID: PMC9525139 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1018795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone (glucocorticoid) was recently shown to be a life-saving drug for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 disease. Water and sediments can be contaminated by sewage treatment plants when this product is widely used. Accordingly, we evaluated the effects of dexamethasone as pharmaceutical residue on Clarias gariepinus, following exposure and post-exposure recovery on blood biochemical, antioxidant, and cytokine markers. Three experimental groups were examined. Control, fish exposed to 0.3 mg/L of dexamethasone, and fish exposed to 3 mg/L of dexamethasone for 7 days, followed by a 15-days recovery period. Hematological indices, such as red blood cell number, hemoglobin (Hb), platelets, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and large lymphocytes, were significantly declined following the exposure to dexamethasone compared to control. In contrast, hematocrit (Ht), mean corpuscular volume, monocytes, small lymphocytes, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin increased significantly depending on the dose–concentration. Liver and kidney functions, other biochemical parameters (albumin and globulin), cortisol, and cytokine (IL-1β and IL-6) concentrations increased significantly after exposure to dexamethasone compared to control. Antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase enzymes were significantly decreased in catfish treated with dexamethasone cumulatively with doses. After a recovery period, blood biochemical, antioxidant, and cytokine markers were still elevated compared with the control group. In conclusion, dexamethasone at concentrations present in water bodies causes deleterious effects on blood biomarkers, biochemical, and antioxidant as well as immune upregulation in catfish until after depuration period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El-Din H. Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Alaa El-Din H. Sayed,
| | - Hesham Taher
- Department of Water Biology, Faculty of Fish and Fisheries Technology, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
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11
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Bondar A, Macari V, Rudic V, Pistol G, Putin V, Rotaru A, Chiriac T, Solcan G, Solcan C. Effects of ZooBioR2 product as feed supplement in laying hens on the morphofunctional state of intestinal mucosa. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Spirulina platensis is a microalga with biological activity used to produce nutritional supplements rich in proteins, essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. The current study aims to prove the impact of the product ZooBioR2 (obtained from Spirulina platensis) on health, and on the histology of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and cecum in laying hens. The experiment was performed in duplicate on 5 groups of hens (14 birds/group), one control and four experimental, in which the feed was supplemented with ZooBioR2 in different doses (5.0; 10.0; 15.0; 20.0mg active substance/kg of fodder). Inclusion of the supplement in the diet have determined a significant decrease of height of intestinal villi, the depth of the crypts and the thickness of muscular layer of mucosa in the experimental groups receiving 15.0 and 20.0mg/kg. The decrease of crypts depth is an indicator of a higher rate of turn-over of epithelial tissue. The morphological changes of intestinal mucosa could be involved in a better digestibility of the fodder.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Bondar
- University of Life Sciences, Romania
| | - V. Macari
- State Agrarian University from Moldova, Moldova
| | - V. Rudic
- Sciences Academy from Moldova, Moldova
| | - G. Pistol
- State Agrarian University from Moldova, Moldova
| | - V. Putin
- State Agrarian University from Moldova, Moldova
| | - A. Rotaru
- State Agrarian University from Moldova, Moldova
| | | | - G. Solcan
- University of Life Sciences, Romania
| | - C. Solcan
- University of Life Sciences, Romania
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12
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Mansour AT, Hamed HS, El-Beltagi HS, Mohamed WF. Modulatory Effect of Papaya Extract against Chlorpyrifos-Induced Oxidative Stress, Immune Suppression, Endocrine Disruption, and DNA Damage in Female Clarias gariepinus. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:4640. [PMID: 35457505 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is one of the widely used organophosphorus pesticides in agriculture activities and its presence in the aquatic environment has been broadly recorded. In the present study, we investigated the effect of CPF exposure on oxidative stress, innate immunity, sexual hormones, and DNA integrity of female African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, in addition to the potential use of dietary supplementation of papaya, Carica papaya (CP), extract against CPF toxicity. Apparent healthy female catfish (300 ± 10 g) were divided into four groups with three replicates each. The first group served as the negative control (fed on a basal diet) and the other groups exposed to CPF (8.75 µg/L) with or without CP extract (250 mg/kg body weight) for six weeks. The results revealed that CPF exposure exhibited marked elevations in stress markers (glucose and cortisol), serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase activities, testosterone, and luteinizing hormone level. Moreover, CPF increased the percentage of hepatic DNA damage. In addition, catfish exposed to CPF experienced significant decline in serum total protein, albumin, follicles stimulating hormone, estradiol hormone levels, AChE, immunoglobulin, and lysozyme activity. CPF induced significantly oxidative stress in hepatic and renal tissues. The dietary supplementation with CP extract at a level of 250 mg/kg body weight succeeded to alleviate the negative effects of CPF on the physiological, immunological, and antioxidant status of female catfish. In addition, CP extract alleviated the endocrine disruption and hepatic DNA damage and counteracted the subchronic CPF toxicity in female African catfish. Finally, the CP extract may be used as a feed additive in the aquatic diet.
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Abdel-Latif HM, El-Ashram S, Sayed AEDH, Alagawany M, Shukry M, Dawood MA, Kucharczyk D. Elucidating the ameliorative effects of the cyanobacterium Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) and several microalgal species against the negative impacts of the aquatic contaminants in freshwater fish: A review. Aquaculture 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Perković L, Djedović E, Vujović T, Baković M, Paradžik T, Čož-Rakovac R. Biotechnological Enhancement of Probiotics through Co-Cultivation with Algae: Future or a Trend? Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020142. [PMID: 35200671 PMCID: PMC8880515 DOI: 10.3390/md20020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of algal species is a rich source of many different bioactive metabolites. The compounds extracted from algal biomass have various beneficial effects on health. Recently, co-culture systems between microalgae and bacteria have emerged as an interesting solution that can reduce the high contamination risk associated with axenic cultures and, consequently, increase biomass yield and synthesis of active compounds. Probiotic microorganisms also have numerous positive effects on various aspects of health and represent potent co-culture partners. Most studies consider algae as prebiotics that serve as enhancers of probiotics performance. However, the extreme diversity of algal organisms and their ability to produce a plethora of metabolites are leading to new experimental designs in which these organisms are cultivated together to derive maximum benefit from their synergistic interactions. The future success of these studies depends on the precise experimental design of these complex systems. In the last decade, the development of high-throughput approaches has enabled a deeper understanding of global changes in response to interspecies interactions. Several studies have shown that the addition of algae, along with probiotics, can influence the microbiota, and improve gut health and overall yield in fish, shrimp, and mussels aquaculture. In the future, such findings can be further explored and implemented for use as dietary supplements for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucija Perković
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.P.); (E.D.); (T.V.); (M.B.); (R.Č.-R.)
| | - Elvis Djedović
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.P.); (E.D.); (T.V.); (M.B.); (R.Č.-R.)
| | - Tamara Vujović
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.P.); (E.D.); (T.V.); (M.B.); (R.Č.-R.)
| | - Marija Baković
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.P.); (E.D.); (T.V.); (M.B.); (R.Č.-R.)
| | - Tina Paradžik
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.P.); (E.D.); (T.V.); (M.B.); (R.Č.-R.)
- Center of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting (BioProCro), Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence:
| | - Rozelindra Čož-Rakovac
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.P.); (E.D.); (T.V.); (M.B.); (R.Č.-R.)
- Center of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting (BioProCro), Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Germoush MO, Fouda MMA, Kamel M, Abdel-Daim MM. Spirulina platensis protects against microcystin-LR-induced toxicity in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:11320-11331. [PMID: 34533748 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa produces an abundant cyanotoxin (microcystins (MCs) in freshwater supplies. MCs have adverse health hazards to animals and humans. Microcystin-leucine-arginine (microcystin-LR or MC-LR) is the most studied among these MCs due to their high toxicity. So, this study was designed to evaluate the possible therapeutic role of the natural algal food supplement, Spirulina platensis (SP), against MC-LR-induced toxic effects in male Wistar rats. Forty rats were randomly divided into five groups. Control and SP groups orally administered distilled water and SP (1000 mg/kg/daily), respectively, for 21 days. MC-LR group was intraperitoneally injected with MC-LR (10 μg/kg/day) for 14 days. MC-LR-SP500 and MC-LR-SP1000 groups were orally treated with SP (500 and 1000 mg/kg, respectively) for 7 days and concomitantly with MC-LR for 14 days. MC-LR induced oxidative hepatorenal damage, cardiotoxicity, and neurotoxicity greatly, which was represented by reduction of reduced glutathione content and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase and elevation of concentrations of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde in renal, hepatic, brain, and heart tissues. In addition, it increased serum levels of urea, creatinine, tumor necrosis factor-alfa, interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6 and serum activities of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and creatine kinase-MB. However, S. platensis restored normal levels of measured serum parameters, ameliorated MC-LR-induced oxidative damage, and normalized tissue antioxidant biomarkers. In conclusion, SP alleviated MC-induced organ toxicities by mitigating oxidative and nitrosative stress and lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa O Germoush
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged M A Fouda
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit Branch, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah, 21442, Saudi Arabia.
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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16
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Mazloomi SM, Samadi M, Davarpanah H, Babajafari S, Clark CCT, Ghaemfar Z, Rezaiyan M, Mosallanezhad A, Shafiee M, Rostami H. The effect of Spirulina sauce, as a functional food, on cardiometabolic risk factors, oxidative stress biomarkers, glycemic profile, and liver enzymes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients: A randomized double-blinded clinical trial. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:317-328. [PMID: 35154670 PMCID: PMC8825726 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sought to investigate the effect of Spirulina on cardiometabolic risk factors, oxidative stress biomarkers, glycemic profile, and liver enzymes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. METHODS This randomized, double-blind clinical trial was performed on 46 NAFLD patients. Subjects were allocated to consume either Spirulina sauce or placebo, each 20 g/day for 8 weeks. Fatty liver grade, liver enzymes, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and serum lipids, glucose, insulin, malondialdehyde, and antioxidant capacity were assessed pre- and postintervention. RESULTS Fatty liver grade was significantly different between the two groups. A significant change for ALT (alanine aminotransferase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase) was seen between the two groups (p = .03 and .02, respectively), while ALP (alkaline phosphatase) serum levels were not significantly different within or between groups. Pertaining to glycemic profile, all variables, except HOMA-IR, were not significantly different within or between groups. Finally, statistically significant changes were seen in both MDA (malondialdehyde) and TAC (total antioxidant capacity) among the groups (p = .04 and <.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Spirulina may improve fatty liver grade by modifying liver enzymes, oxidative stress, and some lipid profiles; however, there was effect of Spirulina on anthropometric characteristics and blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi
- Nutrition Research CenterDepartment of Food Hygiene and Quality ControlSchool of Nutrition and Food SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Mohammad Samadi
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style InstituteBaqiyatallah University of Medical sciencesTehranIran
| | - Hajar Davarpanah
- Nutrition Research CenterDepartment of Food Hygiene and Quality ControlSchool of Nutrition and Food SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Siavash Babajafari
- Nutrition Research CentreDepartment of Clinical NutritionSchool of Food and Nutrition SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | | | - Zohreh Ghaemfar
- Nutrition Research CentreDepartment of Clinical NutritionSchool of Food and Nutrition SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Mojtaba Rezaiyan
- Nutrition Research CentreDepartment of Clinical NutritionSchool of Food and Nutrition SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Abdolhamid Mosallanezhad
- Nutrition Research CenterDepartment of Food Hygiene and Quality ControlSchool of Nutrition and Food SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Maryam Shafiee
- Nephro‐Urology Research CenterShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Hosein Rostami
- Health Research Center, Life Style InstituteBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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17
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Piovan A, Filippini R, Argentini C, Moro S, Giusti P, Zusso M. The Effect of C-Phycocyanin on Microglia Activation Is Mediated by Toll-like Receptor 4. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1440. [PMID: 35163363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The blue-green alga Spirulina platensis is rich in phycocyanins, that exhibit a wide range of pharmacological actions. C-phycocyanin (C-PC), in particular, possesses hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Furthermore, several studies have reported both anti- and proinflammatory properties of this pigment. However, the precise mechanism(s) of action of C-PC in these processes remain largely unknown. Therefore, here we explored the C-PC effect in in vitro microglia activation. The effect of C-PC on the expression and release of IL-1β and TNF-α and the activation of NF-κB was examined in primary microglia by real-time PCR, ELISA, and immunofluorescence. Treatment with C-PC up-regulated the expression and release of IL-1β and TNF-α. C-PC also promoted the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB transcription factor. Then, to elucidate the molecular mechanisms for the immunoregulatory function of C-PC, we focused on investigating the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Accordingly, several TLR4 inhibitors have been used. Curcumin, ciprofloxacin, L48H37, and CLI-095 that suppresses specifically TLR4 signaling, blocked IL-1β and TNF-α. Overall, these results indicate the immunomodulatory effect of C-PC in microglia cultures and show for the first time that the molecular mechanism implicated in this effect may involve TLR4 activation.
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18
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Abouzed TK, Soliman MM, Khatab SA, Gouda WM, Eldomany EB, Dorghamm DA. The protective impacts of Spirulina platensis against cisplatin-induced renal injury through the regulation of oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines and Bax/Bcl2. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 11:169-178. [PMID: 35237421 PMCID: PMC8882809 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main antineoplastic chemotherapy medications is cisplatin, of which nephropathy is a major side effect. In this current study, we aim to investigate the molecular protective effect of Spirulina platensis (SP) on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. In total, 48 healthy male albino rats were allocated into 4 groups. Group 1 received saline intraperitoneally (IP) twice per week (normal rats). Group 2 received SP (100 mg/kg BW orally). Group 3 were injected with cisplatin (1.5 mg/kg IP) twice per week. Group 4 received SP and on the 4th day received cisplatin (1.5 mg/kg IP) for 21 days. After 3 weeks of experiment, blood and renal tissues were taken for serum analysis, gene expression using qRT-polymerase chain reaction, and renal histopathology. As per our findings, it was found that SP significantly ameliorated the alterations in body weight, relative kidney weight, and the disturbance in examined renal markers. Furthermore, SP recovered and restored cisplatin-induced oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA and NO) and antioxidant activity (SOD and GSH) and cisplatin-induced upregulation in the gene expression of TNF-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, TGF1-β, IL-1β, and IL-6. Interestingly, these gene expressions were ameliorated by the SP pre-administration. Furthermore, cisplatin upregulated pro-apoptotic gene Bax, whereas it downregulated anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2. Interestingly, SP mitigated this alteration in apoptosis and anti-apoptotic associated genes. Renal histopathology revealed the protective impacts of SP against cisplatin-induced severe glomerular congestion, hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltration, degeneration, and severe necrosis in renal glomeruli and tubules. In conclusion, SP has a protective effect against cisplatin-induced renal damage through modulating oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory, anti-necrotic, and anti-apoptotic-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Kamal Abouzed
- Correspondence address. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, El Gaish Street Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egyt. Tel/Fax: 047/3116211; E-mail: and
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shymaa A Khatab
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21944, Egypt
| | - Wael M Gouda
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhur 22511, Egypt
| | - Ehab B Eldomany
- Department of Biotechnology and Life sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Doaa Abdullah Dorghamm
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
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Alandiyjany MN, Kishawy ATY, Abdelfattah-Hassan A, Eldoumani H, Elazab ST, El-Mandrawy SAM, Saleh AA, ElSawy NA, Attia YA, Arisha AH, Ibrahim D. Nano-silica and magnetized-silica mitigated lead toxicity: Their efficacy on bioaccumulation risk, performance, and apoptotic targeted genes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquat Toxicol 2022; 242:106054. [PMID: 34923218 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.106054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of aquatic systems with heavy metals (HM) is of great concern owing to their deleterious impact on living organism. The current research is focused on application of silica particles with new functionalized properties (magnetic silica; SiMag or Nanoporous silica; SiNPs) and their efficacy to mitigate lead (pb) toxicity in Nile tilapia. One thousand fingerlings were distributed: two control groups (negative; without pb toxicity (NC) positive (with pb toxicity) and other four groups received two silica sources (SiMag or SiNPs) with two levels (400 and 600 mg/kg diet) for 56 days then exposed to pb for 30 days. Before toxicity exposure, maximum growth, and most improved feed conversion ratio and biochemical parameters were noticed with higher SiMag or SiNPs levels. Serum antioxidant enzymes and their transcriptional levels in muscle and liver were boosted in groups received SiMag or SiNPs. After toxicity exposure, hematological and antioxidants biomarkers maintained at adequate levels in SiMag or SiNPs. Prominent reduction of residual pb in gills, liver, kidney, and muscle was observed in SiNPs then SiMag groups. Interestingly, the maximum down-regulation of P450, caspase-3 and HSP-70 and MT were observed in groups received 600 mg/kg diet of SiMag or SiNPs. The higher level of P53 in liver and gills was detected in PC, inversely reduced in SiMag or SiNPs. Severity of the histopathological alterations in examined organs greatly reduced in groups received SiMag or SiNPs, unlike it were induced in PC group. In conclusion, higher SiMag or SiNPs levels not only mitigate negatives impact of pb toxicity in fish but also ensure its safety for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher N Alandiyjany
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa T Y Kishawy
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6(th) of October, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Haitham Eldoumani
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Sara T Elazab
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Shefaa A M El-Mandrawy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Saleh
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Veterinary Genetics & Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Naser A ElSawy
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Yasser A Attia
- National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Arisha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City 11829, Egypt
| | - Doaa Ibrahim
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
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20
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Ibrahim SS, Elsabagh R, Allam A, Youssef G, Fadl SE, Abdelhiee EY, Alkafafy M, Soliman A, Aboubakr M. Bioremediation role of Spirulina platensis against deltamethrin-mediated toxicity and its chemical residues in chicken meat. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:56188-56198. [PMID: 34050513 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14617-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin (DM) is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide commonly used in veterinary and agriculture. However, both animal and human exposure are associated with hepatorenal toxicity. Our experimental goal was to assess the protective effects of Spirulina platensis (SP) against DM-induced hepatorenal injury, growth performance, meat chemical composition, and its residues in meat, liver, and skin of broiler chickens. Sixty 1-day-old Cobb broiler chicks were assigned to 4 experimental groups; each was divided into 3 replicates with five chicks each; the 1st group received basal diet alone (control), 2nd group supplemented with SP 20 g/kg diet, 3rd group supplemented with DM 300 mg/kg diet, and 4th group supplemented with DM and SP diet. All groups have received the treatment for 35 days. DM, decreased body weight, weight gain, and increased feed conversion rate. DM showed a significant increase in ALT, AST, urea, creatinine, and MDA and a significant decrease in SOD, and GSH levels. Also, SP significantly reduced DM levels in meat, skin, and liver with a reduction 63.01, 63.00, and 62.90 %, respectively. The DM intoxicated group showed a significant decrease in protein and a marked increase in fat, cholesterol, and triglycerides when compared to the control group. Histopathological changes were also recorded. Dietary SP improved these parameters. Dietary inclusion of SP can be recommended due to the protective effects on DM-induced toxicity in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Saber Ibrahim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, 13736 Moshtohor, Toukh, Qaliobiya, Egypt
| | - Rasha Elsabagh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, 13736 Moshtohor, Toukh, Qaliobiya, Egypt
| | - Ali Allam
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, 13736 Moshtohor, Toukh, Qaliobiya, Egypt
| | - Gehan Youssef
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, 13736 Moshtohor, Toukh, Qaliobiya, Egypt
| | - Sabreen Ezzat Fadl
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
| | - Ehab Yahya Abdelhiee
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alkafafy
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Soliman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Aboubakr
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, 13736 Moshtohor, Toukh, Qaliobiya, Egypt.
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21
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Hamed HS, Ali RM, Shaheen AA, Hussein NM. Chitosan nanoparticles alleviated endocrine disruption, oxidative damage, and genotoxicity of Bisphenol-A- intoxicated female African catfish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 248:109104. [PMID: 34146699 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol-A (BPA) is widely used in production of plastic products. It can reach the ecosystems affecting aquatic organisms most likely fishes. The purpose of this study was to study the toxic effects of BPA on the biochemical variables and oxidative stress in female African catfish, Clarias gariepinus and to estimate the protective role of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) against BPA toxicity. Five groups in triplicates of fish were divided as follows: group I was control, group II was treated with CSNPs (0.66 ml/L), group III was exposed to BPA (1.43 μg/L), group IV was treated with BPA (1.43 μg/L) plus CSNPs (0.33 ml/L), and group V was treated with BPA (1.43 μg/L) plus CSNPs (0.66 ml/L) for 30 days. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected at the end of experiment for the biochemical and oxidative stress biomarkers analyses. Results exhibited that serum Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and 17-β Estradiol (E2) were significantly decreased in female catfish. While, serum Testosterone (T.) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) were increased after exposure to BPA. Marked increment in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of hepatic tissue of catfish exposed to BPA. Furthermore, significant reduction in hepatic catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels were decreased significantly in BPA-exposed catfish compared to the control group. However, administration of female C. gariepinus with the low and high doses (0.33 ml/L and 0.66 ml/L) of CNPs restored the biochemical parameters to be close to the normal values of the control group and also, reduced oxidative stress induced by BPA toxicity. This improvement was evident in fish administrated with the high CSNPs dose (0.66 ml/L) compared to catfish exposed to BPA in group (III). Furthermore, the percentage of hepatic DNA damage was detected in group III exposed to BPA alone. However, it was declined after co- administration with both the low and high doses of CSNPs. The study has revealed that treatment with CSNPs has antagonistic functions against the toxicity of BPA in female African catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba S Hamed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of women for Arts, Science & Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11757, Egypt.
| | - Rokaya M Ali
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of women for Arts, Science & Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11757, Egypt
| | - Adel A Shaheen
- Department of Aquatic animals Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Naema M Hussein
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of women for Arts, Science & Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11757, Egypt
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22
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Ghaem Far Z, Babajafari S, Kojuri J, Mohammadi S, Nouri M, Rostamizadeh P, Rahmani MH, Azadian M, Ashrafi-Dehkordi E, Zareifard A, Golchin Vafa R, Mazloomi SM. Antihypertensive and antihyperlipemic of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) sauce on patients with hypertension: A randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6181-6190. [PMID: 34542204 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Systemic arterial hypertension is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, and chronic kidney diseases. Spirulina is microalgae with nutritious ingredients and has potential attenuating effects on chronic diseases including hypertension. Spirulina can be added to food products in order to develop functional foods. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 8-week consumption of a salad dressing containing 2 g of spirulina platensis powder versus a placebo dressing on patients with hypertension. In this triple-blind randomized clinical trial, 48 patients with hypertension were enrolled to receive daily either spirulina-fortified dressing or placebo for 2 months. A total of 41 patients completed this study. We observed that the consumption of spirulina dressing significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (p = .02), diastolic blood pressure (p = .03), serum triglyceride (p = .01), total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, compared to nonsignificant changes in the placebo group. Significant changes in TAC and hs-CRP levels were observed in none of the groups. According to our findings, spirulina-fortified dressing as a functional food can be used a supportive treatment for patients with hypertension along with standard antihypertensive drugs. However, further investigations are required for a more comprehensive conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Ghaem Far
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Siavash Babajafari
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Javad Kojuri
- Department of Cardiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Salman Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pouya Rostamizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Azadian
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elham Ashrafi-Dehkordi
- Nutrition Research Center and Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Zareifard
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Golchin Vafa
- Clinical Education Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi
- Nutrition Research Center and Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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23
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Bacha O, Khazri A, Mezni A, Mezni A, Touaylia S. Protective effect of the Spirulina platensis against toxicity induced by Diuron exposure in Mytilus galloprovincialis. Int J Phytoremediation 2021; 24:778-786. [PMID: 34541976 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1975640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diuron herbicide is widely used for weeds control in many kinds of cultivations. It reaches the waterbodies through various fate routes and can adversely threaten non-target organism. The current study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Spirulina as feed additive against the toxicity of Diuron concentrations (40 and 80 µg/L) on the edible mollusk Mytilus galloprovincialis during seven days of exposure. Oxidative stress biomarkers were applied on mussel gills and digestive gland, investigating changes in enzymes activities such as catalase (CAT), Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the Malondialdehyde level (MDA). The obtained results show that diuron altered oxidative stress biomarkers in both organs, gills and digestive gland. Performed principle component analysis (PCA) highlighted relationship between biomarkers involved in functional response. Spirulina platensis supplemented diet (1 mg/L), completely ameliorated diuron-induced oxidative stress in mussel tissues. Thus, Spirulina seems to be a promising microalgae and eco-friendly tool helping the health recovery of aquatic animals subjected to environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ons Bacha
- Laboratoire de biosurveillance de l'environnement (LBE), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisie
| | - Abdelhafidh Khazri
- Laboratoire de biosurveillance de l'environnement (LBE), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisie
| | - Ali Mezni
- Laboratoire de biosurveillance de l'environnement (LBE), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisie
| | - Amine Mezni
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samir Touaylia
- Laboratoire de biosurveillance de l'environnement (LBE), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisie
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24
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Brahmi N, Feriani A, Ben Ali M, Hedfi A, Elleuch A, Ismail IA, Albogami B, Saif T, Talarmin H, El Feki A, Allagui MS. Potential Hepatoprotective Effect of Cheatomorpha gracilis extract against High Fat Diet (HFD)-Induced Liver Damage, and its characterization by HPLC. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e247102. [PMID: 34161431 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.247102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The current investigation was carried out to estimate the protective effect of aqueous extract of Cheatomorpha gracilis (AEC) against High fat Diet (HFD) induced liver damage in mice. The results of the in vitro study showed that AEC have higher antioxidant capacities in the DPPH and hydroxyl radical-scavenging assays. Indeed, many phenolic compounds (gallic acid, quercetin, naringenin, apigenin, kaempferol and rutin) were identified in the AEC. In the animal studies, during 6 weeks, HFD promoted oxidative stress with a rise level of malonaldehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls (PCOs) levels and a significant decrease of the antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Interestingly, the treatment with AEC (250 mg/kg body weight) significantly reduced the effects of HFD disorders on some plasmatic liver biomarkers (AST, ALT and ALP) in addition to, plasmatic proteins inflammatory biomarkers (α2 and β1 decreases / β2 and γ globulins increases). It can be suggest that supplementation of MECG displays high potential to quench free radicals and attenuates high fat diet promoted liver oxidative stress and related disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Brahmi
- University of Sfax, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Sfax, Tunisia.,University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - A Feriani
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - M Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.,University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring LR01 ES14, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia
| | - A Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.,University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring LR01 ES14, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia
| | - A Elleuch
- CHU Habib Bourguiba, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - I A Ismail
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Plant Genetic Transformation, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, 12619, Giza, Egypt
| | - B Albogami
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - T Saif
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H Talarmin
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Laboratory ORPHY EA4324, UFR Sciences et Technique, Brest, France
| | - A El Feki
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - M S Allagui
- University of Sfax, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Sfax, Tunisia.,University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Gafsa, Tunisia
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25
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Nakata H, Nakayama SM, Kataba A, Yohannes YB, Ikenaka Y, Ishizuka M. Evaluation of the ameliorative effect of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) supplementation on parameters relating to lead poisoning and obesity in C57BL/6J mice. J Funct Foods 2021; 77:104344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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26
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Awed EM, Sadek KM, Soliman MK, Khalil RH, Younis EM, Abdel-Warith AWA, Van Doan H, Dawood MA, Abdel-Latif HM. Spirulina platensis Alleviated the Oxidative Damage in the Gills, Liver, and Kidney Organs of Nile Tilapia Intoxicated with Sodium Sulphate. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122423. [PMID: 33348789 PMCID: PMC7767054 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) are expected to suffer from oxidative stress induced by sodium sulphate in the ecosystem. Herein, we proposed that dietary Spirulina platensis could relieve the impacts of sodium sulphate on tilapia. The hepatic antioxidative and related activities were decreased under sodium sulphate exposure. However, dietary S. platensis alleviated the tissue antioxidative overexpression compared to the sodium sulphate and control groups. This study implies that natural dietary antioxidants can be applied in aquatic organisms to alleviate the features induced by toxicants and xenobiotics. Abstract The current study aimed at assessing the recuperative roles of dietary Spirulina platensis on the antioxidation capacity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to sodium sulphate for eight weeks. In brief, fish were allocated into four groups with three triplicates per group, where a group fed on a commercial basal diet served as control, a group was intoxicated with sodium sulphate (SS) 5.8 mg/L, another group was fed a diet supplemented with 1% S. platensis (SP), and the last group was fed 1% SP and concomitantly intoxicated with 5.8 mg/L sodium sulphate (SP/SS). Tissue antioxidative indices of each fish were measured as follows: glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in muscles, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in gills, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the liver and kidney. Moreover, the expression of hepatic SOD, GSH-Px, and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) genes was also determined. It was found that tissue CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px activities as well as the T-AOC levels were significantly decreased in the SS group (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant downregulation of hepatic SOD, GSH-Px, and GST genes in SS-exposed fish (p < 0.05). Interestingly, simultaneous dietary supplementation with SP provided a marked attenuation of the tissue antioxidative parameters when compared with the SS and control groups. To conclude, the present study exemplifies that dietary SP supplementation could be a beneficial abrogation of SS-induced tissue oxidative stress in the exposed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M. Awed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; (E.M.A.); (K.M.S.)
| | - Kadry M. Sadek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; (E.M.A.); (K.M.S.)
| | - Magdy K. Soliman
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Riad H. Khalil
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Behera Province, Egypt;
| | - Elsayed M. Younis
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (E.M.Y.); (A.-W.A.A.-W.)
| | - Abdel-Wahab A. Abdel-Warith
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (E.M.Y.); (A.-W.A.A.-W.)
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Innoviative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (H.V.D.); (M.A.O.D.); (H.M.R.A.-L.)
| | - Mahmoud A.O. Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.V.D.); (M.A.O.D.); (H.M.R.A.-L.)
| | - Hany M.R. Abdel-Latif
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Behera Province, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (H.V.D.); (M.A.O.D.); (H.M.R.A.-L.)
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27
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El-Deep MH, Amber KA, Elgendy S, Dawood MAO, Elwakeel EM, Paray BA. Oxidative stress, hemato-immunological, and intestinal morphometry changes induced by ochratoxin A in APRI rabbits and the protective role of probiotics. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:35439-35448. [PMID: 32594444 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09837-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This work studied the protective effects of Aspergillus awamori against ochratoxin A (OTA)-induced toxicity in APRI maternal line rabbits. A total number of 48 APRI line weanling rabbits (5 weeks) were divided into 4 groups (12 rabbits each) and fed the basal diet, 30 ppb/kg diet of OTA, 1 g/kg diet of A. awamori, and a mixture of OTA and A. awamori for 8 weeks. OTA reduced the final body weight and weight gain as well as the intestinal villi length and thickness, whereas increased the feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Rabbits fed diets with OTA showed significantly reduced crude protein, lipids, and fibers apparent digestibility coefficients (P < 0.05). The red blood cells and hemoglobin were significantly decreased in the OTA group comparing with the other groups (P < 0.05). The blood total protein and albumin displayed significantly lower levels by OTA than the other groups. In contrast, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, and creatinine levels were significantly increased by OTA (P < 0.05). Phagocytic activity (PA) and phagocytic index (PI) showed significantly (P < 0.05) decreased levels in OTA-contaminated group, while rabbits fed A. awamori significantly showed the highest PA and PI levels (P < 0.05). Dietary A. awamori kept the levels of PA and PI in rabbits fed OTA significantly higher than those fed without A. awamori (P < 0.05) and not significantly different from the control group (P > 0.05). Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) displayed significantly lower levels in the OTA group, while malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly higher than the other groups (P < 0.05). Rabbits fed OTA-contaminated diets displayed significantly lower CAT and SOD and higher MDA than rabbits fed OTA combined with A. awamori (P < 0.05). Our results indicated that dietary A. awamori ameliorated the damage in APRI rabbits fed OTA through alleviation of oxidative stress and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud H El-Deep
- Animal Production Research Institute, Sakha Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Khairy A Amber
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Salwa Elgendy
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Enas M Elwakeel
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Bilal Ahamad Paray
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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28
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Mokhbatly AAA, Assar DH, Ghazy EW, Elbialy Z, Rizk SA, Omar AA, Gaafar AY, Dawood MAO. The protective role of spirulina and β-glucan in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) against chronic toxicity of chlorpyrifos: hemato-biochemistry, histopathology, and oxidative stress traits. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:31636-31651. [PMID: 32500495 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09333-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an insecticide that is commonly applied in the agriculture sector. However, little is known about the protective role of Spirulina platensis (SP) and/or β-glucan (BG) on African catfish exposed to chronic CPF toxicity. The fish (95 ± 5 g, initial weight) were assigned to 5 fiberglass tanks (500 L, 50 fish/tank) where the 1st and 2nd fed the basal diet, while the 3rd, 4th, and 5th fed diets with SP, BG, and SP+BG at 0.5%, respectively. Fish in 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th groups were exposed to CPF at a dose of 1.5 mg/L and fed the respective diets for 60 days. In comparison with the control group, CPF-exposed fish exhibited significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) body weights, feed intake, red blood cells count, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume (PCV) (%), lymphocytes, monocytes, phagocytic activity, and phagocytic index, while feed conversion ratio, white blood cell count, and neutrophils count were significantly increased. Fish exposed to CPF also revealed a significant elevation in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), very-low-density lipoproteins (vLDL), glucose concentration, urea, and creatinine as well as low total proteins, albumin, globulins, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration. Fish exposed to CPF also exhibited a high concentration of malondialdehyde while glutathione content, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities were significantly decreased in the liver, gills, brain, and intestine tissues. Moreover, exposure to CPF resulted in higher transcription of cytochrome P450 (CYP1A-P450) gene expression than the 1st group. Histopathological investigations revealed various degrees of pathological lesions in different organs like the liver, kidney, brain, spleen, and intestine tissues. Interestingly, dietary SP supplementation either alone or combined with BG significantly ameliorated the alterations mitigated by CPF-induced organ injuries and genotoxicity. Therefore, it could be concluded that SP or/and BG are able to induce the protective consequences on health status, immunity, and antioxidative response of African catfish exposed to CPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd-Allah A Mokhbatly
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Doaa H Assar
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Emad W Ghazy
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Zizy Elbialy
- Fish Processing and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences and Aquaculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Sally A Rizk
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Amira A Omar
- Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Alkhateib Y Gaafar
- Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
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29
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Yu T, Wang Y, Chen X, Xiong W, Tang Y, Lin L. Spirulina platensis alleviates chronic inflammation with modulation of gut microbiota and intestinal permeability in rats fed a high-fat diet. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8603-8613. [PMID: 32633894 PMCID: PMC7412692 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggested that taking a high-fat diet (HFD) may lead to a gut microbiota imbalance and colon tissue damage. This would lead to increased intestinal permeability and consequent constant circulation of low-grade inflammatory cytokines. Spirulina platensis can protect against HFD-induced metabolic inflammation and can stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria in in vitro stool cultures. However, it is unknown whether this beneficial effect acts on intestinal tissues. In this study, rats were fed a high-fat diet fed with 3% S platensis for 14 weeks. We analysed endotoxin, the composition of the microbiota, inflammation and gut permeability. We found that S platensis decreased the bodyweight and visceral fat pads weight of the HFD-fed rats. In addition, it lowered the levels of lipopolysaccharide and pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum. Our results showed that S platensis could largely reduce the relative amount of Proteobacteria and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in faecal samples from HFD-fed rats. S platensis significantly reduced intestinal inflammation, as shown by decreased expression of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), NF-κB (p65) and inflammatory cytokines. S platensis also ameliorated the increased permeability and decreased expression of tight junction proteins in the intestinal mucosa, such as ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-1. Therefore, in HFD-induced gut dysbiosis rats, S platensis benefits health by inhibiting chronic inflammation and gut dysbiosis, and modulating gut permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaosu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yurong Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Ding KX, Gao TL, Xu R, Cai J, Zhang HQ, Sun YY, Zhong F, Ma AG. Quantifying the Effect of Supplementation with Algae and Its Extracts on Glycolipid Metabolism: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1712. [PMID: 32521609 PMCID: PMC7352414 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The effect of algae and its extract supplementation on glycolipid metabolism has not been finalized. Therefore, the purpose of the meta-analyses was to assess the effects of its supplementation on glycolipid metabolism concentration. METHODS We have systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and Embase to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the impact of algae and its extracts supplementation on glycolipid metabolism. Effect size analysis was performed using weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CI between the methods of the experiment group and the control group. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore the possible influences of study characteristics. Publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also performed. RESULTS A total of 27 RCTs (31 trials) with 1221 participants were finally selected for the meta-analysis. The algae and its extract intervention significantly decreased glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c, WMD = -0.18%; 95% CI: -0.27 to -0.10; p < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, WMD = -0.22 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.38 to -0.06; p = 0.008), and triglycerides (TC, WMD = -0.31 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.37 to -0.25; p < 0.001) levels and increased insulin (WMD = 6.05 pmol/mL; 95% CI: 4.01 to 8.09; p < 0.001) levels. It did not significantly change the blood glucose, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), 2-h post-meal blood glucose (2hPBG) and other lipid profiles. Subgroup analyses based on the duration of intervention and subjects demonstrated that the intervention of algae and its extracts for 10 weeks or fewer and more than 40 subjects decreased TC levels (p < 0.05). Moreover, the intervention reduced TC and 2hPBG concentrations for East Asians (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provided evidence that algae and its extract interventions were beneficial for the regulation of human glycolipid metabolism. More precise RCTs on subjects are recommended to further clarify the effect of algae, seaweed polysaccharide, seaweed polypeptide, algae polyphenol and its products intervention on glycolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-xiang Ding
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; (K.-x.D.); (T.-l.G.); (R.X.); (J.C.); (H.-q.Z.); (Y.-y.S.); (A.-g.M.)
- Institute of nutrition and health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Tian-lin Gao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; (K.-x.D.); (T.-l.G.); (R.X.); (J.C.); (H.-q.Z.); (Y.-y.S.); (A.-g.M.)
- Institute of nutrition and health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Rui Xu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; (K.-x.D.); (T.-l.G.); (R.X.); (J.C.); (H.-q.Z.); (Y.-y.S.); (A.-g.M.)
- Institute of nutrition and health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Jing Cai
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; (K.-x.D.); (T.-l.G.); (R.X.); (J.C.); (H.-q.Z.); (Y.-y.S.); (A.-g.M.)
- Institute of nutrition and health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Hua-qi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; (K.-x.D.); (T.-l.G.); (R.X.); (J.C.); (H.-q.Z.); (Y.-y.S.); (A.-g.M.)
- Institute of nutrition and health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yong-ye Sun
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; (K.-x.D.); (T.-l.G.); (R.X.); (J.C.); (H.-q.Z.); (Y.-y.S.); (A.-g.M.)
- Institute of nutrition and health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Feng Zhong
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; (K.-x.D.); (T.-l.G.); (R.X.); (J.C.); (H.-q.Z.); (Y.-y.S.); (A.-g.M.)
- Institute of nutrition and health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Ai-guo Ma
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; (K.-x.D.); (T.-l.G.); (R.X.); (J.C.); (H.-q.Z.); (Y.-y.S.); (A.-g.M.)
- Institute of nutrition and health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
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Sherif AH, Al-Sokary ET, Rizk WF, Mahfouz ME. Immune status of Oreochromis niloticus subjected to long-term lead nitrate exposure and a Arthrospira platensis treatment trial. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 76:103352. [PMID: 32045721 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the impacts of lead toxicity on Oreochromisniloticus were investigated. Additionally, the potential ameliorative effects of the Spirulina algae Arthrospira platensis were evaluated. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of PbNO3 was determined to be 143.3 mg/l for O. niloticus weighing 42 ± 2.5 g. O. niloticus were exposed to 10 % of the estimated PbNO3 LC50 for 12 weeks. The cumulative mortality rate (CMR) increased with exposure time. The results of assays for red blood cells (RBCs), haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) indicated that the exposed O. niloticus suffered from anaemia. The levels of liver enzymes, namely, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), as well as metallothionein)MT(revealed deterioration of hepatic tissue. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) as well as catalase (CAT) was stimulated in the hepatic tissue of O. niloticus exposed to PbNO3 and in those treated with A. platensis. Based on the results of serum bactericidal activity (SBA) and oxidative burst activity (OBA) assays as well as challenge tests with Aeromonas hydrophila, it was clear that supplementation with 5 or 10 g/kg A. platensis significantly enhanced the fish immune status and decreased the mortality rate (MR). However, these effects were reduced by PbNO3 exposure with no differences in MR percentage. Therefore, it was clear that O. niloticus reared in lead nitrate-polluted water were immunosuppressed, while diet supplementation with A. platensis could ameliorate such impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Sherif
- Fish Diseases Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Kafr El-Sheikh Branch, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt.
| | - Eman T Al-Sokary
- Biochemistry Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Kafr El-Sheikh Branch, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt
| | - Walid F Rizk
- Biochemistry Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Kafr El-Sheikh Branch, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt
| | - Magdy E Mahfouz
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
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Abdel-Daim MM, Dawood MA, Elbadawy M, Aleya L, Alkahtani S. Spirulina platensis Reduced Oxidative Damage Induced by Chlorpyrifos Toxicity in Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E473. [PMID: 32178251 PMCID: PMC7142642 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the numerous pharmacological impacts of Spirulina platensis (SP), the effects of SP on the oxidative status of Nile tilapia farmed under chlorpyrifos (CPF) ambient toxicity were considered in this study. Fish (60 ± 6.1 g) was randomly stocked in five groups where the SP free diet was fed to the control group while the second one was fed 1% SP without CPF exposure. Additionally, CPF (15 μg/L) was added in water and fish were fed with SP at 0, 0.5, and 1% (third, fourth, and fifth groups, respectively). Samples of blood and gills, kidneys, and liver tissues were assayed for biochemical measurements. Fish exposed to CPF exhibited significant (p ≤ 0.05) increments of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholesterol, urea, creatinine, and malondialdehyde (MDA), while significantly decreased total protein, albumin, and antioxidative enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were observed in tilapia exposed to CPF (p ≤ 0.05). In contrast, SP feeding resulted in decreased levels of ALT, AST, ALP, cholesterol, urea, and creatinine as well as increased total protein, albumin, SOD, and CAT activities. Based on the obtained results, it can be suggested that SP is efficient in protecting Nile tilapia from CPF toxicity by increasing the antioxidative response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of and Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A.O. Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elbadawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya 13736, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, F-25030 Besançon CEDEX, France
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of and Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Hashem MA, Shoeeb SB, Abd-Elhakim YM, Mohamed WA. The antitumor activity of Arthrospira platensis and/or cisplatin in a murine model of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma with hematinic and hepato-renal protective action. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Aladaileh SH, Khafaga AF, Abd El-Hack ME, Al-Gabri NA, Abukhalil MH, Alfwuaires MA, Bin-Jumah M, Alkahtani S, Abdel-Daim MM, Aleya L, Abdelnour S. Spirulina platensis ameliorates the sub chronic toxicities of lead in rabbits via anti-oxidative, anti- inflammatory, and immune stimulatory properties. Sci Total Environ 2020; 701:134879. [PMID: 31734488 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead acetate (Pb) is an oldest and widespread environmental toxicant that led to cumulative injury in humans and all living organisms through induction of oxidative stress. Spirulina platensis (SP) is a cyanobacteria with strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune stimulatory effects. In this study, the ameliorative effect of SP was evaluated against the dietary sub chronic lead toxicities in rabbits. A total number of 75 male New Zealand rabbits were allocated randomly into 5 groups; the first group feed on basal diet alone and served as control group, the second group feed on basal diet + 100 mg Pb /kg diet, the third, fourth, and the fifth groups feed on basal diet + 100 mg Pb /kg diet + SP (0.5, 1, or 1.5 g/kg diet; respectively), the experiment was extended for 8 weeks. Results revealed a significant improvement in some of growth parameters like final body weight and daily weight gain, blood parameters in rabbits treated with SP at level 1.5 g/kg diet followed by those receiving SP 1 g/kg diet. However, a significant decrease in blood parameters, liver function, renal parameters, lipid profiles, oxidative parameters (malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl), heart indices (creatine phosphokinase, creatine kinase-muscle/brain, lactate dehydrogenase), total Pb residues in muscles, and area percent of nuclear factor kappa b immune expression were reported in groups supplemented with different levels of SP. Pathologic analysis of liver, kidneys, and heart revealed moderate to severe degenerative and necrotic changes in Pb- exposed rabbits, which is ameliorated with supplementation of SP in different levels. Conclusively, dietary supplementation of SP at different levels attenuated the cumulative effect of lead in rabbits in dose-dependent manner; this attenuation may be attributed to its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, as well as its immune stimulant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem H Aladaileh
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan
| | - Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, 22758 Edfina, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Naif A Al-Gabri
- Veterinary Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar 2153, Yemen
| | - Mohammad H Abukhalil
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan
| | - Manal A Alfwuaires
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Bin-Jumah
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
| | - Sameh Abdelnour
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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Mahi-Birjand M, Yaghoubi S, Abdollahpour-Alitappeh M, Keshtkaran Z, Bagheri N, Pirouzi A, Khatami M, Sineh Sepehr K, Peymani P, Karimzadeh I. Protective effects of pharmacological agents against aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity: A systematic review. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2020; 19:167-186. [PMID: 31914328 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2020.1712357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Aminoglycosides have been long used for antibacterial treatment and are still commonly used in clinical practice. Despite their extensive application and positive effects, drug-related toxicity is considered as the main obstacle for aminoglycosides. Aminoglycosides induce nephrotoxicity through the endocytosis and accumulation of the antibiotics in the epithelial cells of proximal tubule. Most importantly, however, a number of pharmacological agents were demonstrated to have protective activities against nephrotoxicity in experimental animals.Areas covered: In the present systematic review, the authors provide and discuss the mechanisms and epidemiological features of aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity, and focus mainly on recent discoveries and key features of pharmacological interventions. In total, 39 articles were included in this review.Expert opinion: The majority of studies investigated gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in animal models. Antioxidants, chemicals, synthetic drugs, hormones, vitamins, and minerals showed potential values to prevent gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Indicators used to evaluate the effectiveness of nephroprotection included antioxidative indexes, inflammatory responses, and apoptotic markers. Among the nephroprotective agents studied, herbs and natural antioxidant agents showed excellent potential to provide a protective strategy against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motahareh Mahi-Birjand
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Infectious Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Sajad Yaghoubi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Keshtkaran
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Bagheri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Khatami
- NanoBioelectrochemistry Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Koushan Sineh Sepehr
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Payam Peymani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich-University of Zurich, Switzerland.,Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Heath, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Iman Karimzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Hernández-Lepe MA, Olivas-Aguirre FJ, Gómez-Miranda LM, Hernández-Torres RP, Manríquez-Torres JDJ, Ramos-Jiménez A. Systematic Physical Exercise and Spirulina maxima Supplementation Improve Body Composition, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Blood Lipid Profile: Correlations of a Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E507. [PMID: 31652765 PMCID: PMC6912262 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are part of the highly preventable chronic diseases associated with changes in lifestyle. Within them, physical activity, low-fat and high-fiber diets are distinguished as the main support for prevention, even when supplementation with nutraceuticals has become a very common practice. Fifty-two young sedentary men with excess body weight (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg·m-2) were enrolled in a randomized-crossover controlled trial [six weeks of a systematic physical exercise with Spirulina maxima or placebo supplementation (4.5 g·day-1)]. Body composition, blood lipid profile, and maximal oxygen uptake were determined pre/post intervention. Pairwise comparisons showed a significant improvement (p < 0.01) on blood lipid profile in the group of exercise plus Spirulina maxima. Moreover, correlations of absolute changes of BMI, body fat percentage, blood lipids and maximal oxygen uptake were statistically significant (p < 0.01). These results indicate that the Spirulina maxima supplementation could be acting in a synergistic way with exercise due to the enhanced effects on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and blood lipid profile. This phenomenon should be considered to reduce risk of cardiovascular disorders. Trial registration: Clinical Trials, NCT02837666 (July 19, 2016).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Arnulfo Ramos-Jiménez
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico.
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Hernández-Lepe MA, Wall-Medrano A, López-Díaz JA, Juárez-Oropeza MA, Hernández-Torres RP, Ramos-Jiménez A. Hypolipidemic Effect of Arthrospira ( Spirulina) maxima Supplementation and a Systematic Physical Exercise Program in Overweight and Obese Men: A Double-Blind, Randomized, and Crossover Controlled Trial. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E270. [PMID: 31067674 DOI: 10.3390/md17050270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-fat diets, lipid-modifying nutraceuticals and a higher level of physical activity are often recommended to reduce dyslipidemia. A double-blind, randomized, crossover, controlled trial was designed to evaluate the independent and synergistic effects of Arthrospira (Spirulina) maxima supplementation (4.5 g·day-1) with or without performing a physical exercise program (PEP: aerobic exercise (3 days·week-1) + high-intensity interval training (2 days·week-1)) on blood lipids and BMI of 52 sedentary men with excess body weight. During six weeks, all participants were assigned to four intervention treatments (Spirulina maxima with PEP (SE), placebo with PEP (Ex), Spirulina maxima without PEP (Sm), placebo without PEP (C; control)) and plasma lipids were evaluated spectrophotometrically pre- vs. post intervention in stratified subgroups (overweight, obese and dyslipidemic subjects). Pre/post comparisons showed significant reductions in all plasma lipids in the SE group, particularly in those with dyslipidemia (p ≤ 0.043). Comparing the final vs. the initial values, BMI, total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were decreased. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in all treatment groups compared to C. Changes were observed mostly in SE interventions, particularly in dyslipidemic subjects (p < 0.05). Spirulina maxima supplementation enhances the hypolipidemic effect of a systematic PEP in men with excess body weight and dyslipidemia.
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Abstract
Spirulina platensis, is an alga rich in phycocyanin (potent antioxidant), is effective in regulating the balance of oxidative stress. The objective of this study is to observe the impact of ingestion of a highly oxidised vegetable oil, by rats of Wistar strain. Finally, we observe the effect of Spirulina used as an antioxidant treatment, on rats having ingested a diet rich in highly oxidised oil. Physiological, biochemical and histological studies have been carried out; the oxidative stress parameters evaluated and a dosing of Cytochrome P450 2E1 was finally carried out. Following the introduction of highly oxidised vegetable oil, rats showed deterioration in their metabolic state, an imbalance in the balance of oxidative stress, an increase in serum concentrations of Cytochrome P450 2E1 and significant hepatic lesions. The administration of a daily dose of Spirulina reduces the deleterious effect of oxidative stress induced by a diet enriched with lipid peroxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Ould Amara-Leffad
- a Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Physiology , University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB) , Algiers , Algeria
| | - Houria Ramdane
- a Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Physiology , University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB) , Algiers , Algeria
| | - Khaoula Nekhoul
- b Laboratory of Pharmacology , Algiers University 1 , Algiers , Algeria
| | - Amira Ouznadji
- c Laboratory of Biochemistry , Algiers University 1 , Algiers , Algeria
| | - Elhadj Ahmed Koceir
- a Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Physiology , University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB) , Algiers , Algeria
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Hua P, Yu Z, Xiong Y, Liu B, Zhao L. Regulatory Efficacy of Spirulina platensis Protease Hydrolyzate on Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E4023. [PMID: 30551559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism disorder (LMD) is a public health issue. Spirulina platensis is a widely used natural weight-reducing agent and Spirulina platensis is a kind of protein source. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of Spirulina platensis protease hydrolyzate (SPPH) on the lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. Our study showed that SPPH decreased the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST), but increased the level of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) in serum and liver. Moreover, SPPH had a hypolipidemic effect as indicated by the down-regulation of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor-1c (SREBP-1c), acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), SREBP-1c, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and the up-regulation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorα (PPARα) at the mRNA level in liver. SPPH treatment enriched the abundance of beneficial bacteria. In conclusion, our study showed that SPPH might be produce glucose metabolic benefits in rats with diet-induced LMD. The mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of SPPH on the metabolism remain to be further investigated. Collectively, the above-mentioned findings illustrate that Spirulina platensis peptides have the potential to ameliorate lipid metabolic disorders, and our data provides evidence that SPPH might be used as an adjuvant therapy and functional food in obese and diabetic individuals.
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Gargouri M, Soussi A, Akrouti A, Magné C, El Feki A. Potential protective effects of the edible alga Arthrospira platensis against lead-induced oxidative stress, anemia, kidney injury, and histopathological changes in adult rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2018; 44:271-281. [PMID: 30138569 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative damage has been proposed as a possible mechanism involved in lead toxicity. This study investigated the possible protective effect of dietary Arthrospira platensis supplementation against lead acetate-induced kidney injury in adult male rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups: normal rats (control rats), rats treated with spirulina, rats treated with lead (Pb) (0.344 g/kg body weight), and rats treated with Pb and spirulina. The exposure of rats to Pb for 30 days provoked renal damage with significant increases in hematological parameters, oxidative stress-related parameters (i.e., thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, protein carbonyl content, advanced oxidation protein products, and hydrogen peroxide), creatinine and urea levels in plasma, and uric acid level in urine. Conversely, antioxidant enzyme activities (i.e., catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase) and levels of nonprotein thiols, plasma uric acid, and urinary creatinine and urea decreased. The administration of spirulina to Pb-treated rats significantly improved weight, peripheral blood parameters, oxidative stress-related parameters, renal biomarker levels, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Also, rats treated with Pb and spirulina had normal kidney histology. These healing effects are likely the result of the high phenol content and significant antioxidant capacity of A. platensis. Our data strongly suggest that spirulina supplementation improves kidney function and plays an important role in the prevention of complications of Pb intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Gargouri
- a Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.,b EA 7462 Géoarchitecture, Faculty of Sciences, University of Western Brittany, 6 Avenue V. Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Ahlem Soussi
- a Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Amel Akrouti
- a Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Christian Magné
- b EA 7462 Géoarchitecture, Faculty of Sciences, University of Western Brittany, 6 Avenue V. Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- a Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
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Mohanty D, Samanta L. Dietary supplementation of Spirulina ameliorates iron-induced oxidative stress in Indian knife fish Notopterus Notopterus. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 61:71-78. [PMID: 29852372 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron though an essential cofactor for many proteins including haemoglobin and cytochromes, when in excess (>1 ppm in water and 100 ppm in fish tissue) elicits toxicity via Fenton reaction inducing oxidative stress. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of dietary Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) supplementation on waterborne-iron induced oxidative stress in the tissues of Notopterus notopterus. Juvenile fishes were divided randomly into 4 groups, namely, Group-I: control fed with commercial diet only, Group-II, III and IV treated with 0.75 ppm FeCl3 where Group-II fed with commercial diet only, Group-III with 10% (w/w) Spirulina supplemented commercial diet and Group-IV with 100% (w/w) Spirulina diet only; for 7 and 28 days (n = 6 per group). Tissue oxidative stress biomarkers like lipid peroxidation (LPx), protein carbonylation (PC) and protein thionylation (protein and nonprotein-SH content); antioxidant defence (superoxide dismutase: SOD; catalase; CAT; glutathione peroxidase/reductase: GPx/GR; glutathione s-transferase: GST; metalothionine: MT and reduced glutathione: GSH) and iron accumulation in the gill, liver and muscles tissue were analysed. The augmented oxidative predominance in the tissues with respect to LPx and PC along with decline in antioxidant defence (SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, GST, MT, PSH, NPSH and GSH) by iron was neutralized by Spirulina supplementation in the diet in a dose and duration dependent manner where 100% Spirulina diet for 28 days completely ameliorated iron-induced oxidative stress in fish tissues. Thus, Spirulina can be used as a dietary supplement for fishes cultured in water bodies with iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepali Mohanty
- Redox Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, Odisha, India
| | - Luna Samanta
- Redox Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, Odisha, India.
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Eleiwa NZH, Galal AAA, Abd El-aziz RM, Hussin EM. Antioxidant activity of Spirulina platensis alleviates doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress and reprotoxicity in male rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 18:87-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-018-0314-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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M. Hamad E, M. Mousa H, Ashoush IS, Abdel-Sala AM. Nephroprotective Effect of Camel Milk and Spirulina platensis in Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2018.559.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Huang H, Liao D, Pu R, Cui Y. Quantifying the effects of spirulina supplementation on plasma lipid and glucose concentrations, body weight, and blood pressure. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2018; 11:729-742. [PMID: 30532573 PMCID: PMC6241722 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s185672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Spirulina is generally used as a nutraceutical food supplement due to its nutrient profile, lack of toxicity, and therapeutic effects. Clinical trials have investigated the influence of spirulina on metabolic-related risk factors but have yielded conflicting results in humans. Here, we summarize the evidence of the effects of spirulina on serum lipid profile, glucose management, BP, and body weight by conducting a meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant studies were retrieved by systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus databases, and reference lists of relevant original studies from inception to July 2018. Data were extracted following a standardized protocol. Two investigators independently extracted study characteristics, outcomes measures, and appraised methodological quality. Effect sizes were performed using a random-effects model, with weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% CIs between the means for the spirulina intervention and control arms. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the possible influences of study characteristics. Publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also performed. RESULTS A total of 1,868 records were identified of which 12 trials with 14 arms were eligible. The amount of spirulina ranged from 1 to 19 g/d, and intervention durations ranged from 2 to 48 weeks. Overall, data synthesis showed that spirulina supplements significantly lowered total cholesterol (WMD = -36.60 mg/dL; 95% CI: -51.87 to -21.33; P=0.0001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD = -33.16 mg/dL; 95% CI: -50.52 to -15.75; P=0.0002), triglycerides (WMD = -39.20 mg/dL; 95% CI: -52.71 to -25.69; P=0.0001), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD = -8.02 mg/dL; 95% CI: -8.77 to -7.26; P=0.0001), fasting blood glucose (WMD = -5.01 mg/dL; 95% CI: -9.78 to -0.24; P=0.04), and DBP (WMD = -7.17 mmHg; 95% CI: -8.57 to -5.78; P=0.001). These findings remained stable in the sensitivity analysis, and no obvious publication bias was detected. CONCLUSION Our findings provide substantial evidence that spirulina supplementation has favorable effect on select cardiovascular and metabolic biomarkers in humans, including lipid, glucose, and DBP management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohai Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Dongguan Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Dongguan Shilong People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China,
| | - Dan Liao
- Department of Gynaecology, Dongguan Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Dongguan Shilong People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Rong Pu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dongguan Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Dongguan Shilong People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yejia Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dongguan Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Dongguan Shilong People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
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Mahmoud MMA, El-Lamie MMM, Kilany OE, Dessouki AA. Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) supplementation improves growth performance, feed utilization, immune response, and relieves oxidative stress in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) challenged with Pseudomonas fluorescens. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2018; 72:291-300. [PMID: 29117593 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
One hundred and eighty Nile tilapia fish were used in eighty-three-day growth trial. Fish were divided into three treatment groups. The first group T0 was given the basal diet without any supplementation and served as the control group. The second group T1 was given the basal diet supplemented by 1% Spirulina. The third group T2 was given the basal diet supplemented by 2% Spirulina. At the end of the growth performance trial, a challenge trial was conducted using virulent strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Clinical signs, mortalities, postmortem lesions and histopathological alterations were recorded. Hematological, biochemical, oxidative stress and immunological parameters were measured after challenge with Pseudomonas fluorescens. Growth performance was non significantly improved in tilapia fed the diet with 1% Spirulina supplementation (T1). There were neither signs nor mortalities among fishes belonging to 1% Spirulina challenged group. The results showed that Spirulina has a positive effect on hematological, biochemical parameters, MDA, SOD and CAT at T1 (1% spirulia) rather than T2 (2%spirulia). Moreover, the results indicate that Spirulina 1% enhanced bactericidal, phagocytic and lysozyme activities conferring protection against infection. Our results demonstrated a significant up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β and TNF-α) and a down-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10). We concluded that 1% Spirulina supplementation significantly improved immunity of Nile tilapia against Pseudomonas fluorescence than 2% Spirulina supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal M A Mahmoud
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Maather M M El-Lamie
- Fish Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Omnia E Kilany
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
| | - Amina A Dessouki
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Gargouri M, Hamed H, Akrouti A, Dauvergne X, Magné C, El Feki A. Effects of Spirulina platensis on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defenses, and tissue damage in kidney of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 43:345-354. [PMID: 29091744 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes causes free radicals overproduction, which contributes to the development of diabetic nephropathy. In modern medicine, no satisfactory therapy is available to cure diabetes mellitus. In that context, we investigated the potential therapeutic action of spirulina-enriched diet on renal impairment and oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of alloxan (120 mg·kg-1) in rats. Following alloxan treatment, male Wistar rats were fed daily with 5% spirulina-enriched diet or treated with insulin (0.5 IU·rat-1) for 3 weeks. Diabetes was associated with hyperglycemia, increase in renal oxidative parameters (lipid peroxidation, thiobarbituric-acid reactive substances, protein carbonyl and advanced oxidation protein products levels, changes in antioxidant enzyme activities), and nephropathology markers. The renal injury induced by alloxan was confirmed by histological study of the diabetic rat kidney. Treatment with spirulina or insulin significantly ameliorated renal dysfunction by reducing oxidative stress, while rats recovered normal kidney histology. Overall, this study indicates that spirulina is efficient in inhibiting hyperglycemia and oxidative stress induced by diabetes, and suggests that the administration of this alga may be helpful in the prevention of diabetic complications. This amelioration was even more pronounced than that caused by insulin injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Gargouri
- a Laboratory of animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, BP 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.,b EA 2219 Géoarchitecture, Faculty of Sciences, University of Western Brittany, 6 Avenue V. Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Houda Hamed
- a Laboratory of animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, BP 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Amel Akrouti
- a Laboratory of animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, BP 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Xavier Dauvergne
- b EA 2219 Géoarchitecture, Faculty of Sciences, University of Western Brittany, 6 Avenue V. Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Christian Magné
- b EA 2219 Géoarchitecture, Faculty of Sciences, University of Western Brittany, 6 Avenue V. Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- a Laboratory of animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, BP 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
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Gargouri M, Magné C, El Feki A. Hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, liver damage and dysfunction in alloxan-induced diabetic rat are prevented by Spirulina supplementation. Nutr Res 2016; 36:1255-1268. [PMID: 27865613 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have long been used against life-threatening diseases including diabetes, with more or less success. Some of these plants have been shown to possess antioxidant activities, which could help improving diabetes inconveniences. In that context, we investigated the effects of spirulina supplementation on alloxan-induced diabetic rats, hypothesizing that co-administration of spirulina with rat diet could ameliorate diabetes complications and provide as benefits as the common antidiabetic insulin. Following alloxan treatment, male Wistar rats were fed daily with 5% spirulina-enriched diet or treated with insulin (0.5 IU/rat) for 21 days. Both spirulina and insulin treatments of diabetic rats resulted in a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose and an increase of glycogen level. Spirulina supplementation also impeded loss of body weight and ameliorated hepatic toxicity indices, i.e. alkaline phosphatases and transaminases activities, bilirubin levels and lipid peroxidation. Besides, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased in the serum. Moreover, diabetic rats fed with spirulina exhibited sig changes in antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver (ie, decrease in superoxide dismutase and increase in catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities). The beneficial effects of spirulina or insulin were confirmed by histological study of the liver of diabetic rats. Overall, this study indicates that treatment with spirulina decreased hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in diabetic rats, this amelioration being even more pronounced than that provided by insulin injection. Therefore, administration of this alga would be very helpful in the prevention of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Gargouri
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax University, BP 3038, Sfax, Tunisia; EA 2219 Géoarchitecture, Faculty of Sciences, University of Western Brittany, 6 Avenue V. Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France.
| | - Christian Magné
- EA 2219 Géoarchitecture, Faculty of Sciences, University of Western Brittany, 6 Avenue V. Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France.
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax University, BP 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
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El-Tantawy WH. Antioxidant effects of Spirulina supplement against lead acetate-induced hepatic injury in rats. J Tradit Complement Med 2016; 6:327-331. [PMID: 27774414 PMCID: PMC5067858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead is a toxic metal that induces a wide range of behavioral, biochemical and physiological effects in humans. Oxidative damage has been proposed as a possible mechanism involved in lead toxicity. The current study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activities of Spirulina supplement against lead acetate -induced hepatic injury in rats. Five groups of rats were used in this study, Control, Lead acetate (100 mg/kg), Lead acetate (100 mg/kg) + 0.5 g/kg Spirulina, Lead acetate (100 mg/kg) + 1 g/kg Spirulina and Lead acetate + 25 mg/100 g Vitamin C (reference drug). All experimental groups received the oral treatment by stomach tube once daily for 4 weeks. Lead intoxication resulted in a significant increase in serum alanine transaminae (ALT), aspartate transaminae (AST) activities, liver homogenate tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), caspase-3, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) levels and a significant decline of total serum protein, liver homogenate reduced glutathione (GSH) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Both doses of Spirulina supplement as well as Vitamin C succeeded to improve the biochemical parameters of serum and liver and prevented the lead acetate-induced significant changes on plasma and antioxidant status of the liver. Both doses of Spirulina supplement had the same anti-apoptotic activity and high dose exhibited more antioxidant activity than that of low dose. In conclusion, the results of the present work revealed that Spirulina supplement had protective, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects on lead acetate-induced hepatic damage.
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Serban MC, Sahebkar A, Dragan S, Stoichescu-Hogea G, Ursoniu S, Andrica F, Banach M. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of Spirulina supplementation on plasma lipid concentrations. Clin Nutr 2016; 35:842-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Martínez-Galero E, Pérez-Pastén R, Perez-Juarez A, Fabila-Castillo L, Gutiérrez-Salmeán G, Chamorro G. Preclinical antitoxic properties of Spirulina (Arthrospira). Pharm Biol 2016; 54:1345-1353. [PMID: 26439611 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1077464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Spirulina (Arthrospira) exerts a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities which are mainly attributed to its antioxidant effect. However, Spirulina has also been reported (both in preclinical and in clinical scenarios) to exhibit other bioactive effects, including an antitoxic potential. OBJECTIVE We performed a systematic review of the literature, conducted in TOXNET, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Science Direct-Scopus; all available years were included. Searching criteria included the effects of Spirulina on experimental poisonings from arsenic, cadmium, carbon tetrachloride, deltamethrin, fluoride, hexachlorocyclohexane, iron, lead, lindane, and mercury. RESULTS In all cases, it was established that the blue-green alga, and its isolated compounds, effectively counteracted these pollutants toxic effects on the exposed organisms. Some molecular mechanisms are proposed, although they have not been fully elucidated yet. CONCLUSION Spirulina could be a useful coadjuvant agent within clinical practice for treatment of these or other pollutants poisonings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizdath Martínez-Galero
- a Departamento de Farmacia , Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , México DF , México and
| | - Ricardo Pérez-Pastén
- a Departamento de Farmacia , Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , México DF , México and
| | - Angélica Perez-Juarez
- a Departamento de Farmacia , Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , México DF , México and
| | - Luis Fabila-Castillo
- a Departamento de Farmacia , Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , México DF , México and
| | | | - German Chamorro
- a Departamento de Farmacia , Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , México DF , México and
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