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Padilha M, Ferreira ALL, Normando P, Schincaglia RM, Freire SR, Keller VN, Figueiredo ACC, Yin X, Brennan L, Kac G. Maternal serum amino acids and hydroxylated sphingomyelins at pregnancy are associated with anxiety symptoms during pregnancy and throughout the first year after delivery. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:579-587. [PMID: 38316261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies suggest an interplay between maternal metabolome and mental health. OBJECTIVE We investigated the association of maternal serum metabolome at pregnancy with anxiety scores during pregnancy and throughout the first year postpartum. METHODS A prospective cohort of Brazilian women collected 119 serum metabolome at pregnancy (28-38 weeks) and anxiety scores measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at pregnancy (n = 118), 1 (n = 83), 6 (n = 68), and 12 (n = 57) months postpartum. Targeted metabolomics quantified metabolites belonging to amino acids (AA), biogenic amines/amino acid-related compounds, acylcarnitines, lysophosphatidylcholines, diacyl phosphatidylcholines, alkyl:acyl phosphatidylcholines, non-hydroxylated and hydroxylated sphingomyelins [SM(OH)], and hexoses classes. Linear mixed-effect models were used to evaluate the association of metabolites and STAI scores. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analyses were employed to identify clusters and metabolites, which drove their main differences. Multiple comparison-adjusted p-values (q-value) ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS AA (β = -1.44) and SM(OH) (β = -1.49) classes showed an association with STAI scores trajectory (q-value = 0.047). Two clusters were identified based on these classes. Women in cluster 2 had decreased AA and SM(OH) concentrations and higher STAI scores (worse symptoms) trajectory (β = 2.28; p-value = 0.041). Isoleucine, leucine, valine, SM(OH) 22:1, 22:2, and 24:1 drove the main differences between the clusters. LIMITATIONS The target semiquantitative metabolome analysis and small sample size limited our conclusions. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that AA and SM(OH) during pregnancy play a role in anxiety symptoms throughout the first year postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Padilha
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Lorena Lima Ferreira
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paula Normando
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raquel Machado Schincaglia
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Samary Rosa Freire
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Victor Nahuel Keller
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Amanda Caroline Cunha Figueiredo
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Xiaofei Yin
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Conway Institute, UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Conway Institute, UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gilberto Kac
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Choi BJ, Park MH, Jin HK, Bae JS. Acid sphingomyelinase as a pathological and therapeutic target in neurological disorders: focus on Alzheimer's disease. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:301-310. [PMID: 38337058 PMCID: PMC10907607 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, numerous studies have highlighted the importance of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) in disease treatment in humans. This enzyme functions primarily to generate ceramide, maintain the cellular membrane, and regulate cellular function. However, in the blood and brain of patients with neurological disorders, including major depression, ischemic stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease (AD), elevated ASM levels significantly suggest disease onset or progression. In these diseases, increased ASM is profoundly involved in neuronal death, abnormal autophagy, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, hippocampal neurogenesis loss, and immune cell dysfunction. Moreover, genetic and pharmacological inhibition of ASM can prevent or ameliorate various diseases. The therapeutic effects of ASM inhibition have prompted the urgent need to develop ASM inhibitors, and several ASM inhibitors have been identified. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the critical roles and mechanisms of ASM in brain cells and blood that are associated with different neuropathological features, especially those observed in AD. Furthermore, we elucidate the potential possibility and limitations of existing ASM-targeting drugs according to experimental studies in neurological disorder mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Jo Choi
- KNU Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, South Korea
| | - Min Hee Park
- KNU Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, South Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Jin
- KNU Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Bae
- KNU Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, South Korea.
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Chaves-Filho AM, Braniff O, Angelova A, Deng Y, Tremblay MÈ. Chronic inflammation, neuroglial dysfunction, and plasmalogen deficiency as a new pathobiological hypothesis addressing the overlap between post-COVID-19 symptoms and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. Brain Res Bull 2023; 201:110702. [PMID: 37423295 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
After five waves of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks, it has been recognized that a significant portion of the affected individuals developed long-term debilitating symptoms marked by chronic fatigue, cognitive difficulties ("brain fog"), post-exertional malaise, and autonomic dysfunction. The onset, progression, and clinical presentation of this condition, generically named post-COVID-19 syndrome, overlap significantly with another enigmatic condition, referred to as myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Several pathobiological mechanisms have been proposed for ME/CFS, including redox imbalance, systemic and central nervous system inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Chronic inflammation and glial pathological reactivity are common hallmarks of several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders and have been consistently associated with reduced central and peripheral levels of plasmalogens, one of the major phospholipid components of cell membranes with several homeostatic functions. Of great interest, recent evidence revealed a significant reduction of plasmalogen contents, biosynthesis, and metabolism in ME/CFS and acute COVID-19, with a strong association to symptom severity and other relevant clinical outcomes. These bioactive lipids have increasingly attracted attention due to their reduced levels representing a common pathophysiological manifestation between several disorders associated with aging and chronic inflammation. However, alterations in plasmalogen levels or their lipidic metabolism have not yet been examined in individuals suffering from post-COVID-19 symptoms. Here, we proposed a pathobiological model for post-COVID-19 and ME/CFS based on their common inflammation and dysfunctional glial reactivity, and highlighted the emerging implications of plasmalogen deficiency in the underlying mechanisms. Along with the promising outcomes of plasmalogen replacement therapy (PRT) for various neurodegenerative/neuropsychiatric disorders, we sought to propose PRT as a simple, effective, and safe strategy for the potential relief of the debilitating symptoms associated with ME/CFS and post-COVID-19 syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivia Braniff
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Angelina Angelova
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, F-91400 Orsay, France
| | - Yuru Deng
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada; Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC) and Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health (IALH), University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
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Martín-Hernández D, Muñoz-López M, Tendilla-Beltrán H, Caso JR, García-Bueno B, Menchén L, Leza JC. Immune System and Brain/Intestinal Barrier Functions in Psychiatric Diseases: Is Sphingosine-1-Phosphate at the Helm? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12634. [PMID: 37628815 PMCID: PMC10454107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, extensive research has shed light on immune alterations and the significance of dysfunctional biological barriers in psychiatric disorders. The leaky gut phenomenon, intimately linked to the integrity of both brain and intestinal barriers, may play a crucial role in the origin of peripheral and central inflammation in these pathologies. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid that regulates both the immune response and the permeability of biological barriers. Notably, S1P-based drugs, such as fingolimod and ozanimod, have received approval for treating multiple sclerosis, an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), and ulcerative colitis, an inflammatory condition of the colon, respectively. Although the precise mechanisms of action are still under investigation, the effectiveness of S1P-based drugs in treating these pathologies sparks a debate on extending their use in psychiatry. This comprehensive review aims to delve into the molecular mechanisms through which S1P modulates the immune system and brain/intestinal barrier functions. Furthermore, it will specifically focus on psychiatric diseases, with the primary objective of uncovering the potential of innovative therapies based on S1P signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Martín-Hernández
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (J.R.C.); (B.G.-B.); (J.C.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Muñoz-López
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (J.R.C.); (B.G.-B.); (J.C.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hiram Tendilla-Beltrán
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 72570 Puebla, Mexico;
| | - Javier R. Caso
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (J.R.C.); (B.G.-B.); (J.C.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja García-Bueno
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (J.R.C.); (B.G.-B.); (J.C.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Menchén
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBEREHD, ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C. Leza
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-L.); (J.R.C.); (B.G.-B.); (J.C.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Miao G, Deen J, Struzeski JB, Chen M, Zhang Y, Cole SA, Fretts AM, Lee ET, Howard BV, Fiehn O, Zhao J. Plasma lipidomic profile of depressive symptoms: a longitudinal study in a large sample of community-dwelling American Indians in the strong heart study. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2480-2489. [PMID: 36653676 PMCID: PMC10753994 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-01948-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia has been associated with depression, but individual lipid species associated with depression remain largely unknown. The temporal relationship between lipid metabolism and the development of depression also remains to be determined. We studied 3721 fasting plasma samples from 1978 American Indians attending two exams (2001-2003, 2006-2009, mean ~5.5 years apart) in the Strong Heart Family Study. Plasma lipids were repeatedly measured by untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies for Depression (CES-D). Participants at risk for depression were defined as total CES-D score ≥16. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to examine the associations of lipid species with incident or prevalent depression, adjusting for covariates. The associations between changes in lipids and changes in depressive symptoms were additionally adjusted for baseline lipids. We found that lower levels of sphingomyelins and glycerophospholipids and higher level of lysophospholipids were significantly associated with incident and/or prevalent depression. Changes in sphingomyelins, glycerophospholipids, acylcarnitines, fatty acids and triacylglycerols were associated with changes in depressive symptoms and other psychosomatic traits. We also identified differential lipid networks associated with risk of depression. The observed alterations in lipid metabolism may affect depression through increasing the activities of acid sphingomyelinase and phospholipase A2, disturbing neurotransmitters and membrane signaling, enhancing inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation, and/or affecting energy storage in lipid droplets or membrane formation. These findings illuminate the mechanisms through which dyslipidemia may contribute to depression and provide initial evidence for targeting lipid metabolism in developing preventive and therapeutic interventions for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhong Miao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health & Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jason Deen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joseph B Struzeski
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health & Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mingjing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health & Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Shelley A Cole
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elisa T Lee
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California-Davis, California, CA, USA
| | - Jinying Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health & Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Zoicas I, Mühle C, Schumacher F, Kleuser B, Kornhuber J. Development of Comorbid Depression after Social Fear Conditioning in Mice and Its Effects on Brain Sphingolipid Metabolism. Cells 2023; 12:1355. [PMID: 37408189 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are no animal models for studying both specific social fear and social fear with comorbidities. Here, we investigated whether social fear conditioning (SFC), an animal model with face, predictive and construct validity for social anxiety disorder (SAD), leads to the development of comorbidities at a later stage over the course of the disease and how this affects the brain sphingolipid metabolism. SFC altered both the emotional behavior and the brain sphingolipid metabolism in a time-point-dependent manner. While social fear was not accompanied by changes in non-social anxiety-like and depressive-like behavior for at least two to three weeks, a comorbid depressive-like behavior developed five weeks after SFC. These different pathologies were accompanied by different alterations in the brain sphingolipid metabolism. Specific social fear was accompanied by increased activity of ceramidases in the ventral hippocampus and ventral mesencephalon and by small changes in sphingolipid levels in the dorsal hippocampus. Social fear with comorbid depression, however, altered the activity of sphingomyelinases and ceramidases as well as the sphingolipid levels and sphingolipid ratios in most of the investigated brain regions. This suggests that changes in the brain sphingolipid metabolism might be related to the short- and long-term pathophysiology of SAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Zoicas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Sortilin deletion in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus ameliorates depressive-like behaviors in mice via regulating ASM/ceramide signaling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1940-1954. [PMID: 34931016 PMCID: PMC9343424 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00823-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric disorder characterized by persistent mood despondency and loss of motivation. Although numerous hypotheses have been proposed, the possible pathogenesis of MDD remains unclear. Several recent studies show that a classic transporter protein, sortilin, is closely associated with depression. In the present study, we investigated the role of sortilin in MDD using a well-established rodent model of depression. Mice were subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 6 weeks. We showed that the expression levels of sortilin were significantly increased in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of CUMS mice. The depressive-like behaviors induced by CUMS were alleviated by specific knockdown of sortilin in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. We revealed that sortilin facilitated acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)/ceramide signaling, which activated RhoA/ROCK2 signaling, ultimately causing the transformation of dendritic spine dynamics. Specific overexpression of sortilin in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus induced depressive-like behaviors, which was mitigated by injection of ASM inhibitor SR33557 (4 µg/μL) into the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. In conclusion, sortilin knockdown in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus plays an important role in ameliorating depressive-like behavior induced by CUMS, which is mainly evidenced by decreasing the trafficking of ASM from the trans-Golgi network to the lysosome and reducing the ceramide levels. Our results provide a new insight into the pathology of depression, and demonstrate that sortilin may be a potential therapeutic target for MDD.
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Sanchez V, Galor A, Jensen K, Mondal K, Mandal N. Relationships between ocular surface sphingomyelinases, Meibum and Tear Sphingolipids, and clinical parameters of meibomian gland dysfunction. Ocul Surf 2022; 25:101-107. [PMID: 35714913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sphingolipids (SPL) are a class of lipid molecules that play important functional and structural roles in our body and are a component of meibum. Sphingomyelinases (SMases) are key enzymes in sphingolipid metabolism that hydrolyze sphingomyelin (SM) and generate ceramide (Cer). The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between ocular surface SMases, SPL composition, and parameters of Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). METHODS Individuals were grouped by meibum quality (n = 25 with poor-quality, MGD, and n = 25 with good-quality, control). Meibum and tears were analyzed with LC-MS to quantify SPL classes: Cer, Hexosyl-Ceramide (Hex-Cer), SM, Sphingosine (Sph), and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). SMase activity in tears were quantified using a commercially available 'SMase assay'. Statistical analysis included multiple linear regression analyses to assess the impact of SMase activity on lipid composition, as well as ocular surface symptoms and signs of MGD. RESULTS Demographic characteristics were similar between the two groups. nSMase and aSMase levels were lower in the poor vs good quality group. aSMase activity in tears negatively correlated with SM in meibum and tears and positively with Sph in meibum and S1P in tears. Lower SMase activity were associated with signs of MGD, most notably Meibomian gland dropout. CONCLUSION This study suggests that individuals with MGD have reduced enzymatic activity of SMases in tears. Specifically, individuals with poor vs good meibum quality were noted to have alterations in SMase activity and SPL composition of meibum and tears which may reflect deviations from normal lipid metabolism in individuals with MGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Sanchez
- Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1201 NW 16th St, Miami, FL, 33125, USA; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Anat Galor
- Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1201 NW 16th St, Miami, FL, 33125, USA; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, 900 NW 17th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Katherine Jensen
- Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1201 NW 16th St, Miami, FL, 33125, USA
| | - Koushik Mondal
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Hamilton Eye Institute, 930 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Nawajes Mandal
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Hamilton Eye Institute, 930 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, 930 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Memphis VA Medical Center, 1030 Jefferson Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38104, USA.
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9
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Moaddel R, Zanos P, Farmer CA, Kadriu B, Morris PJ, Lovett J, Acevedo-Diaz EE, Cavanaugh GW, Yuan P, Yavi M, Thomas CJ, Park LT, Ferrucci L, Gould TD, Zarate CA. Comparative metabolomic analysis in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of humans and in plasma and brain of mice following antidepressant-dose ketamine administration. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:179. [PMID: 35501309 PMCID: PMC9061764 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01941-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Subanesthetic-dose racemic (R,S)-ketamine (ketamine) produces rapid, robust, and sustained antidepressant effects in major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) and has also been shown to effectively treat neuropathic pain, complex regional pain syndrome, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, to date, its mechanism of action remains unclear. Preclinical studies found that (2 R,6 R;2 S,6 S)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK), a major circulating metabolite of ketamine, elicits antidepressant effects similar to those of ketamine. To help determine how (2 R,6 R)-HNK contributes to ketamine's mechanism of action, an exploratory, targeted, metabolomic analysis was carried out on plasma and CSF of nine healthy volunteers receiving a 40-minute ketamine infusion (0.5 mg/kg). A parallel targeted metabolomic analysis in plasma, hippocampus, and hypothalamus was carried out in mice receiving either 10 mg/kg of ketamine, 10 mg/kg of (2 R,6 R)-HNK, or saline. Ketamine and (2 R,6 R)-HNK both affected multiple pathways associated with inflammatory conditions. In addition, several changes were unique to either the healthy human volunteers and/or the mouse arm of the study, indicating that different pathways may be differentially involved in ketamine's effects in mice and humans. Mechanisms of action found to consistently underlie the effects of ketamine and/or (2 R,6 R)-HNK across both the human metabolome in plasma and CSF and the mouse arm of the study included LAT1, IDO1, NAD+, the nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathway, and sphingolipid rheostat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruin Moaddel
- Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, 21224, MD, USA.
| | - Panos Zanos
- Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21201, MD, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, 2109, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Cristan A Farmer
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bashkim Kadriu
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Patrick J Morris
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Jacqueline Lovett
- Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, 21224, MD, USA
| | - Elia E Acevedo-Diaz
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Grace W Cavanaugh
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peixiong Yuan
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mani Yavi
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Craig J Thomas
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Lawrence T Park
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, 21224, MD, USA
| | - Todd D Gould
- Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21201, MD, USA
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Carlos A Zarate
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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10
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Singh D, Guest PC, Dobrowolny H, Vasilevska V, Meyer-Lotz G, Bernstein HG, Borucki K, Neyazi A, Bogerts B, Jacobs R, Steiner J. Changes in leukocytes and CRP in different stages of major depression. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:74. [PMID: 35379263 PMCID: PMC8981816 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02429-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We recently reported increased levels of neutrophils, monocytes and C-reactive protein (CRP) correlated with symptom severity in acute schizophrenia. Here, we investigated if a similar pattern of innate immune system activation occurs in major depression (MD). Methods We assessed differential blood counts, CRP, depression symptoms (HAMD-21) and psychosocial functioning (GAF) in controls (n = 129) and patients with first (FEMD: n = 82) or recurrent (RMD: n = 47) disease episodes of MD at baseline (T0; hospital admission) and after 6-weeks treatment (T6). Results Considering smoking, BMI and gender as covariates, neutrophils (FEMD: p = 0.034, RMD: p = 0.034) and CRP (FEMD: p < 0.001, RMD: p = 0.021) were higher, and eosinophils (FEMD: p = 0.005, RMD: p = 0.004) lower in patients versus controls at T0. Baseline lymphocyte counts were elevated in RMD (p = 0.003) but not FEMD. Results were confirmed by analyses of nonsmokers. At follow-up, eosinophils rose significantly in FEMD (p = 0.011) but no significant changes were observed in RMD. Improvement in HAMD-21 correlated with T0–T6 changes of neutrophil counts in FEMD (r = 0.364, p = 0.024). Compared with our previous schizophrenia study, raised baseline neutrophil and reduced eosinophil counts in MD had smaller effect sizes and treatment had a weaker association with T0-T6 changes in neutrophils. In addition, lymphocytes were elevated at T0 in recurrent MD but not in schizophrenia patients. Conclusions These findings suggest that innate immunity may be involved in early stages of MD, and adaptive immunity may be involved in chronic disease. Thus, further studies may lead to new disease stage-dependent MD treatment strategies targeting different aspects of immune system activation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02429-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Singh
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Paul C Guest
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Henrik Dobrowolny
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Vasilevska
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gabriela Meyer-Lotz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Gert Bernstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Borucki
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Neyazi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernhard Bogerts
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany.,Salus Institute, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Roland Jacobs
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany. .,Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. .,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany. .,Center for Health und Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Magdeburg, Germany. .,German Center for Mental Health (DZP), Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany.
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11
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Acid Sphingomyelinase Is a Modulator of Contextual Fear. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063398. [PMID: 35328819 PMCID: PMC8954852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) regulates a variety of physiological processes and plays an important role in emotional behavior. The role of ASM in fear-related behavior has not been investigated so far. Using transgenic mice overexpressing ASM (ASMtg) and ASM deficient mice, we studied whether ASM regulates fear learning and expression of cued and contextual fear in a classical fear conditioning paradigm, a model used to investigate specific attributes of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We show that ASM does not affect fear learning as both ASMtg and ASM deficient mice display unaltered fear conditioning when compared to wild-type littermates. However, ASM regulates the expression of contextual fear in a sex-specific manner. While ASM overexpression enhances the expression of contextual fear in both male and female mice, ASM deficiency reduces the expression of contextual fear specifically in male mice. The expression of cued fear, however, is not regulated by ASM as ASMtg and ASM deficient mice display similar tone-elicited freezing levels. This study shows that ASM modulates the expression of contextual fear but not of cued fear in a sex-specific manner and adds a novel piece of information regarding the involvement of ASM in hippocampal-dependent aversive memory.
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12
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Yao C, Jiang X, Ye X, Xie T, Bai R. Antidepressant Drug Discovery and Development: Mechanism and Drug Design Based on Small Molecules. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuansheng Yao
- School of Pharmacy Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti‐Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicines from Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
| | - Xiaoying Jiang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 P.R. China
| | - Xiang‐Yang Ye
- School of Pharmacy Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti‐Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicines from Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti‐Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicines from Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
| | - Renren Bai
- School of Pharmacy Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti‐Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicines from Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
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13
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Pathway Phenotypes Underpinning Depression, Anxiety, and Chronic Fatigue Symptoms Due to Acute Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Precision Nomothetic Psychiatry Analysis. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12030476. [PMID: 35330475 PMCID: PMC8950237 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorder which affects the joints in the wrists, fingers, and knees. RA is often associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms as well as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)-like symptoms. This paper examines the association between depressive symptoms (measured with the Beck Depression Inventory, BDI), anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, HAMA), CFS-like (Fibro-fatigue Scale) symptoms and immune–inflammatory, autoimmune, and endogenous opioid system (EOS) markers, and lactosylcer-amide (CD17) in RA. The serum biomarkers were assayed in 118 RA and 50 healthy controls. Results were analyzed using the new precision nomothetic psychiatry approach. We found significant correlations between the BDI, FF, and HAMA scores and severity of RA, as assessed with the DAS28-4, clinical and disease activity indices, the number of tender and swollen joints, and patient and evaluator global assessment scores. Partial least squares analysis showed that 69.7% of the variance in this common core underpinning psychopathology and RA symptoms was explained by immune–inflammatory pathways, rheumatoid factor, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies, CD17, and mu-opioid receptor levels. We constructed a new endophenotype class comprising patients with very high immune–inflammatory markers, CD17, RA, affective and CF-like symptoms, and tobacco use disorder. We extracted a reliable and replicable latent vector (pathway phenotype) from immune data, psychopathology, and RA-severity scales. Depression, anxiety, and CFS-like symptoms due to RA are manifestations of the phenome of RA and are mediated by the effects of the same immune–inflammatory, autoimmune, and other pathways that underpin the pathophysiology of RA.
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14
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Janitschke D, Lauer AA, Bachmann CM, Winkler J, Griebsch LV, Pilz SM, Theiss EL, Grimm HS, Hartmann T, Grimm MOW. Methylxanthines Induce a Change in the AD/Neurodegeneration-Linked Lipid Profile in Neuroblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042295. [PMID: 35216410 PMCID: PMC8875332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by an increased plaque burden and tangle accumulation in the brain accompanied by extensive lipid alterations. Methylxanthines (MTXs) are alkaloids frequently consumed by dietary intake known to interfere with the molecular mechanisms leading to AD. Besides the fact that MTX consumption is associated with changes in triglycerides and cholesterol in serum and liver, little is known about the effect of MTXs on other lipid classes, which raises the question of whether MTX can alter lipids in a way that may be relevant in AD. Here we have analyzed naturally occurring MTXs caffeine, theobromine, theophylline, and the synthetic MTXs pentoxifylline and propentofylline also used as drugs in different neuroblastoma cell lines. Our results show that lipid alterations are not limited to triglycerides and cholesterol in the liver and serum, but also include changes in sphingomyelins, ceramides, phosphatidylcholine, and plasmalogens in neuroblastoma cells. These changes comprise alterations known to be beneficial, but also adverse effects regarding AD were observed. Our results give an additional perspective of the complex link between MTX and AD, and suggest combining MTX with a lipid-altering diet compensating the adverse effects of MTX rather than using MTX alone to prevent or treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Janitschke
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Anna Andrea Lauer
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Cornel Manuel Bachmann
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Jakob Winkler
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Lea Victoria Griebsch
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Sabrina Melanie Pilz
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Elena Leoni Theiss
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Heike Sabine Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Tobias Hartmann
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
- Deutsches Institut für Demenzprävention, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Otto Walter Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (D.J.); (A.A.L.); (C.M.B.); (J.W.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.); (T.H.)
- Deutsches Institut für Demenzprävention, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Science, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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15
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Administration of an Acidic Sphingomyelinase (ASMase) Inhibitor, Imipramine, Reduces Hypoglycemia-Induced Hippocampal Neuronal Death. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040667. [PMID: 35203316 PMCID: PMC8869983 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe hypoglycemia (below 35 mg/dL) appears most often in diabetes patients who continuously inject insulin. To rapidly cease the hypoglycemic state in this study, glucose reperfusion was conducted, which can induce a secondary neuronal death cascade following hypoglycemia. Acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) hydrolyzes sphingomyelin into ceramide and phosphorylcholine. ASMase activity can be influenced by cations, pH, redox, lipids, and other proteins in the cells, and there are many changes in these factors in hypoglycemia. Thus, we expect that ASMase is activated excessively after hypoglycemia. Ceramide is known to cause free radical production, excessive inflammation, calcium dysregulation, and lysosomal injury, resulting in apoptosis and the necrosis of neurons. Imipramine is mainly used in the treatment of depression and certain anxiety disorders, and it is particularly known as an ASMase inhibitor. We hypothesized that imipramine could decrease hippocampal neuronal death by reducing ceramide via the inhibition of ASMase after hypoglycemia. In the present study, we confirmed that the administration of imipramine significantly reduced hypoglycemia-induced neuronal death and improved cognitive function. Therefore, we suggest that imipramine may be a promising therapeutic tool for preventing hypoglycemia-induced neuronal death.
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16
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Hose M, Günther A, Naser E, Schumacher F, Schönberger T, Falkenstein J, Papadamakis A, Kleuser B, Becker KA, Gulbins E, Haimovitz-Friedman A, Buer J, Westendorf AM, Hansen W. Cell-intrinsic ceramides determine T cell function during melanoma progression. eLife 2022; 11:83073. [PMID: 36426850 PMCID: PMC9699697 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase (Asm) and acid ceramidase (Ac) are parts of the sphingolipid metabolism. Asm hydrolyzes sphingomyelin to ceramide, which is further metabolized to sphingosine by Ac. Ceramide generates ceramide-enriched platforms that are involved in receptor clustering within cellular membranes. However, the impact of cell-intrinsic ceramide on T cell function is not well characterized. By using T cell-specific Asm- or Ac-deficient mice, with reduced or elevated ceramide levels in T cells, we identified ceramide to play a crucial role in T cell function in vitro and in vivo. T cell-specific ablation of Asm in Smpd1fl/fl/Cd4cre/+ (Asm/CD4cre) mice resulted in enhanced tumor progression associated with impaired T cell responses, whereas Asah1fl/fl/Cd4cre/+ (Ac/CD4cre) mice showed reduced tumor growth rates and elevated T cell activation compared to the respective controls upon tumor transplantation. Further in vitro analysis revealed that decreased ceramide content supports CD4+ regulatory T cell differentiation and interferes with cytotoxic activity of CD8+ T cells. In contrast, elevated ceramide concentration in CD8+ T cells from Ac/CD4cre mice was associated with enhanced cytotoxic activity. Strikingly, ceramide co-localized with the T cell receptor (TCR) and CD3 in the membrane of stimulated T cells and phosphorylation of TCR signaling molecules was elevated in Ac-deficient T cells. Hence, our results indicate that modulation of ceramide levels, by interfering with the Asm or Ac activity has an effect on T cell differentiation and function and might therefore represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of T cell-dependent diseases such as tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hose
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | - Anne Günther
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | - Eyad Naser
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | | | - Tina Schönberger
- Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | - Julia Falkenstein
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | - Athanasios Papadamakis
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | | | - Katrin Anne Becker
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | | | - Jan Buer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | - Astrid M Westendorf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | - Wiebke Hansen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
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17
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Al-Hakeim HK, Hadi HH, Jawad GA, Maes M. Intersections between Copper, β-Arrestin-1, Calcium, FBXW7, CD17, Insulin Resistance and Atherogenicity Mediate Depression and Anxiety Due to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nomothetic Network Approach. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12010023. [PMID: 35055338 PMCID: PMC8779500 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is frequently accompanied by affective disorders with a prevalence of comorbid depression of around 25%. Nevertheless, the biomarkers of affective symptoms including depression and anxiety due to T2DM are not well established. The present study delineated the effects of serum levels of copper, zinc, β-arrestin-1, FBXW7, lactosylceramide (LacCer), serotonin, calcium, magnesium on severity of depression and anxiety in 58 men with T2DM and 30 healthy male controls beyond the effects of insulin resistance (IR) and atherogenicity. Severity of affective symptoms was assessed using the Hamilton Depression and Anxiety rating scales. We found that 61.7% of the variance in affective symptoms was explained by the multivariate regression on copper, β-arrestin-1, calcium, and IR coupled with atherogenicity. Copper and LacCer (positive) and calcium and BXW7 (inverse) had significant specific indirect effects on affective symptoms, which were mediated by IR and atherogenicity. Copper, β-arrestin-1, and calcium were associated with affective symptoms above and beyond the effects of IR and atherogenicity. T2DM and affective symptoms share common pathways, namely increased atherogenicity, IR, copper, and β-arrestin-1, and lowered calcium, whereas copper, β-arrestin-1, calcium, LacCer, and FBXW7 may modulate depression and anxiety symptoms by affecting T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Kadhem Al-Hakeim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf 54001, Iraq; (H.K.A.-H.); (H.H.H.); (G.A.J.)
| | - Hadi Hasan Hadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf 54001, Iraq; (H.K.A.-H.); (H.H.H.); (G.A.J.)
| | - Ghoufran Akeel Jawad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf 54001, Iraq; (H.K.A.-H.); (H.H.H.); (G.A.J.)
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, P.O. Box 281, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Correspondence:
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18
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Qu Z, Zhou L. Drug Development in the Field of Sphinogolipid Metabolism. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1372:169-188. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-0394-6_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Rhein C, Zoicas I, Marx LM, Zeitler S, Hepp T, von Zimmermann C, Mühle C, Richter-Schmidinger T, Lenz B, Erim Y, Reichel M, Gulbins E, Kornhuber J. mRNA Expression of SMPD1 Encoding Acid Sphingomyelinase Decreases upon Antidepressant Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115700. [PMID: 34071826 PMCID: PMC8198802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe psychiatric condition with key symptoms of low mood and lack of motivation, joy, and pleasure. Recently, the acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)/ceramide system has been implicated in the pathogenesis of MDD. ASM is a lysosomal glycoprotein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin, an abundant component of membranes, into the bioactive sphingolipid ceramide, which impacts signaling pathways. ASM activity is inhibited by several common antidepressant drugs. Human and murine studies have confirmed that increased ASM activity and ceramide levels are correlated with MDD. To define a molecular marker for treatment monitoring, we investigated the mRNA expression of SMPD1, which encodes ASM, in primary cell culture models, a mouse study, and a human study with untreated MDD patients before and after antidepressive treatment. Our cell culture study showed that a common antidepressant inhibited ASM activity at the enzymatic level and also at the transcriptional level. In a genetically modified mouse line with depressive-like behavior, Smpd1 mRNA expression in dorsal hippocampal tissue was significantly decreased after treatment with a common antidepressant. The large human study showed that SMPD1 mRNA expression in untreated MDD patients decreased significantly after antidepressive treatment. This translational study shows that SMPD1 mRNA expression could serve as a molecular marker for treatment and adherence monitoring of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosima Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (L.M.M.); (S.Z.); (C.v.Z.); (C.M.); (T.R.-S.); (B.L.); (M.R.); (J.K.)
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.H.); (Y.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-85-44542
| | - Iulia Zoicas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (L.M.M.); (S.Z.); (C.v.Z.); (C.M.); (T.R.-S.); (B.L.); (M.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Lena M. Marx
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (L.M.M.); (S.Z.); (C.v.Z.); (C.M.); (T.R.-S.); (B.L.); (M.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Stefanie Zeitler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (L.M.M.); (S.Z.); (C.v.Z.); (C.M.); (T.R.-S.); (B.L.); (M.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Tobias Hepp
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.H.); (Y.E.)
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia von Zimmermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (L.M.M.); (S.Z.); (C.v.Z.); (C.M.); (T.R.-S.); (B.L.); (M.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (L.M.M.); (S.Z.); (C.v.Z.); (C.M.); (T.R.-S.); (B.L.); (M.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Tanja Richter-Schmidinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (L.M.M.); (S.Z.); (C.v.Z.); (C.M.); (T.R.-S.); (B.L.); (M.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Bernd Lenz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (L.M.M.); (S.Z.); (C.v.Z.); (C.M.); (T.R.-S.); (B.L.); (M.R.); (J.K.)
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yesim Erim
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.H.); (Y.E.)
| | - Martin Reichel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (L.M.M.); (S.Z.); (C.v.Z.); (C.M.); (T.R.-S.); (B.L.); (M.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (L.M.M.); (S.Z.); (C.v.Z.); (C.M.); (T.R.-S.); (B.L.); (M.R.); (J.K.)
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In Silico Analysis of the Molecular-Level Impact of SMPD1 Variants on Niemann-Pick Disease Severity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094516. [PMID: 33925997 PMCID: PMC8123603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase (SMPD1) is a key enzyme in the sphingolipid metabolism. Genetic SMPD1 variants have been related to the Niemann-Pick lysosomal storage disorder, which has different degrees of phenotypic severity ranging from severe symptomatology involving the central nervous system (type A) to milder ones (type B). They have also been linked to neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson and Alzheimer. In this paper, we leveraged structural, evolutionary and stability information on SMPD1 to predict and analyze the impact of variants at the molecular level. We developed the SMPD1-ZooM algorithm, which is able to predict with good accuracy whether variants cause Niemann-Pick disease and its phenotypic severity; the predictor is freely available for download. We performed a large-scale analysis of all possible SMPD1 variants, which led us to identify protein regions that are either robust or fragile with respect to amino acid variations, and show the importance of aromatic-involving interactions in SMPD1 function and stability. Our study also revealed a good correlation between SMPD1-ZooM scores and in vitro loss of SMPD1 activity. The understanding of the molecular effects of SMPD1 variants is of crucial importance to improve genetic screening of SMPD1-related disorders and to develop personalized treatments that restore SMPD1 functionality.
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21
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Lin CH, Kornhuber J, Zheng F, Alzheimer C. Tonic Control of Secretory Acid Sphingomyelinase Over Ventral Hippocampal Synaptic Transmission and Neuron Excitability. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:660561. [PMID: 33897374 PMCID: PMC8062921 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.660561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) converts sphingomyelin into ceramide. Recent work has advanced the ASM/ceramide system as a major player in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Indeed, ASM activity is enhanced in MDD patients and antidepressant drugs like fluoxetine act as functional inhibitors of ASM. Here, we employed the specific ASM inhibitor ARC39 to explore the acute effects of the enzyme on hippocampal synaptic transmission and cell excitability in adult mouse brain slice preparations. In both field potential and whole-cell recordings, ARC39 (1-3 μM) enhanced excitatory synaptic input onto ventral hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells. The specificity of drug action was demonstrated by its lacking effect in slices from ASM knockout mice. In control condition, ARC39 strongly reduced firing in most CA1 pyramidal cells, together with membrane hyperpolarization. Such pronounced inhibitory action of ARC39 on soma excitability was largely reversed when GABAA receptors were blocked. The idea that ARC39 recruits GABAergic inhibition to dampen cell excitability was further reinforced by the drug's ability to enhance the inhibitory synaptic drive onto pyramidal cells. In pyramidal cells that were pharmacologically isolated from synaptic input, the overall effect of ARC39 on cell firing was inhibitory, but some neurons displayed a biphasic response with a transient increase in firing, suggesting that ARC39 might alter intrinsic firing properties in a cell-specific fashion. Because ARC39 is charged at physiological pH and exerted all its effects within minutes of application, we propose that the neurophysiological actions reported here are due to the inhibition of secretory rather than lysosomal ASM. In summary, the ASM inhibitor ARC39 reveals a tonic control of the enzyme over ventral hippocampal excitability, which involves the intrinsic excitability of CA1 pyramidal cells as well as their excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Lin
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fang Zheng
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Alzheimer
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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22
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Chung HY, Claus RA. Keep Your Friends Close, but Your Enemies Closer: Role of Acid Sphingomyelinase During Infection and Host Response. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 7:616500. [PMID: 33553211 PMCID: PMC7859284 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.616500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breakdown of the inert and constitutive membrane building block sphingomyelin to the highly active lipid mediator ceramide by extracellularly active acid sphingomyelinase is tightly regulated during stress response and opens the gate for invading pathogens, triggering the immune response, development of remote organ failure, and tissue repair following severe infection. How do one enzyme and one mediator manage all of these affairs? Under physiological conditions, the enzyme is located in the lysosomes and takes part in the noiseless metabolism of sphingolipids, but following stress the protein is secreted into circulation. When secreted, acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) is able to hydrolyze sphingomyelin present at the outer leaflet of membranes to ceramide. Its generation troubles the biophysical context of cellular membranes resulting in functional assembly and reorganization of proteins and receptors, also embedded in highly conserved response mechanisms. As a consequence of cellular signaling, not only induction of cell death but also proliferation, differentiation, and fibrogenesis are affected. Here, we discuss the current state of the art on both the impact and function of the enzyme during host response and damage control. Also, the potential role of lysosomotropic agents as functional inhibitors of this upstream alarming cascade is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Yeun Chung
- Section Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Ralf A Claus
- Department for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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23
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Naimi WA, Gumpf JJ, Cockburn CL, Camus S, Chalfant CE, Li PL, Carlyon JA. Functional inhibition or genetic deletion of acid sphingomyelinase bacteriostatically inhibits Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in vivo. Pathog Dis 2021; 79:ftaa072. [PMID: 33220685 PMCID: PMC7787905 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaa072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplasma phagocytophilum infects neutrophils to cause granulocytic anaplasmosis. It poorly infects mice deficient in acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), a lysosomal enzyme critical for cholesterol efflux, and wild-type mice treated with desipramine that functionally inhibits ASM. Whether inhibition or genetic deletion of ASM is bacteriostatic or bactericidal for A. phagocytophilum and desipramine's ability to lower pathogen burden requires a competent immune system were unknown. Anaplasma phagocytophilum-infected severe combined immunodeficiency disorder (SCID) mice were administered desipramine or PBS, followed by the transfer of blood to naïve wild-type mice. Next, infected wild-type mice were given desipramine or PBS followed by transfer of blood to naïve SCID mice. Finally, wild-type or ASM-deficient mice were infected and blood transferred to naïve SCID mice. The percentage of infected neutrophils was significantly reduced in all desipramine-treated or ASM-deficient mice and in all recipients of blood from these mice. Infection was markedly lower in ASM-deficient and desipramine-treated wild-type mice versus desipramine-treated SCID mice. Yet, infection was never ablated. Thus, ASM activity contributes to optimal A. phagocytophilum infection in vivo, pharmacologic inhibition or genetic deletion of ASM impairs infection in a bacteriostatic and reversible manner and A. phagocytophilum is capable of co-opting ASM-independent lipid sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waheeda A Naimi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Medical Center, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23398 USA
| | - Jacob J Gumpf
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Medical Center, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23398 USA
| | - Chelsea L Cockburn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Medical Center, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23398 USA
| | - Sarah Camus
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Medical Center, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298 USA
| | - Charles E Chalfant
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL,33620 USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- The Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
- Research Service, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Medical Center, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298 USA
| | - Jason A Carlyon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Medical Center, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23398 USA
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24
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Zeitler S, Schumacher F, Monti J, Anni D, Guhathakurta D, Kleuser B, Friedland K, Fejtová A, Kornhuber J, Rhein C. Acid Sphingomyelinase Impacts Canonical Transient Receptor Potential Channels 6 (TRPC6) Activity in Primary Neuronal Systems. Cells 2020; 9:E2502. [PMID: 33218173 PMCID: PMC7698877 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
: The acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)/ceramide system exhibits a crucial role in the pathology of major depressive disorder (MDD). ASM hydrolyzes the abundant membrane lipid sphingomyelin to ceramide that regulates the clustering of membrane proteins via microdomain and lipid raft organization. Several commonly used antidepressants, such as fluoxetine, rely on the functional inhibition of ASM in terms of their antidepressive pharmacological effects. Transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) ion channels are located in the plasma membrane of neurons and serve as receptors for hyperforin, a phytochemical constituent of the antidepressive herbal remedy St. John's wort. TRPC6 channels are involved in the regulation of neuronal plasticity, which likely contributes to their antidepressant effect. In this work, we investigated the impact of reduced ASM activity on the TRPC6 function in neurons. A lipidomic analysis of cortical brain tissue of ASM deficient mice revealed a decrease in ceramide/sphingomyelin molar ratio and an increase in sphingosine. In neurons with ASM deletion, hyperforin-mediated Ca2+-influx via TRPC6 was decreased. Consequently, downstream activation of nuclear phospho-cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) was changed, a transcriptional factor involved in neuronal plasticity. Our study underlines the importance of balanced ASM activity, as well as sphingolipidome composition for optimal TRPC6 function. A better understanding of the interaction of the ASM/ceramide and TRPC6 systems could help to draw conclusions about the pathology of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Zeitler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Toxicology, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Juliana Monti
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Daniela Anni
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Debarpan Guhathakurta
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Kristina Friedland
- Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Anna Fejtová
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Cosima Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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25
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Zoicas I, Huber SE, Kalinichenko LS, Gulbins E, Müller CP, Kornhuber J. Ceramides affect alcohol consumption and depressive-like and anxiety-like behavior in a brain region- and ceramide species-specific way in male mice. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12847. [PMID: 31828921 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Depression and alcohol dependence are associated with increased plasma ceramide concentrations in humans. Pharmacological increase in C16 ceramide concentrations in the dorsal hippocampus (DH) induced a depressive-like phenotype in naïve mice. However, the effects of C16 ceramide on alcohol consumption and anxiety-like behavior as well as the behavioral effects of other ceramide species are yet unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether repeated infusion of ceramides with different fatty acid chain lengths (C8, C16, and C20) into the DH and the basolateral amygdala (BLA) alter alcohol consumption, emotional behavior, and tissue monoamine levels. Our results revealed that C16, but not C8 and C20, ceramide altered alcohol drinking and emotional behavior in a brain region-specific way without altering tissue noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin levels in the prefrontal cortex, ventral striatum, and dorsal mesencephalon. In more detail, C16 ceramide increased alcohol consumption when infused into the BLA, but not when infused into the DH. Furthermore, C16 ceramide induced a depressive-like phenotype when infused into the DH, but a predominantly anxiogenic-like phenotype (in a non-social, but not a social context) when infused into the BLA. In turn, alcohol drinking normalized C16 ceramide-induced depressive-like and anxiogenic-like phenotypes. This study demonstrates a complex ceramide species-specific and brain region-specific modulation of alcohol consumption and emotional behavior in mice and provides the framework for future studies investigating the involvement of distinct ceramide species in the regulation of emotional behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Zoicas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Friedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Sabine E. Huber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Friedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
- Institute of Physiology I Westfälische Wilhelms‐University Münster Münster Germany
| | - Liubov S. Kalinichenko
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Friedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
- Department of Surgery University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio
| | - Christian P. Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Friedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Friedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
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26
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Neutral ceramidase is a marker for cognitive performance in rats and monkeys. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 73:73-84. [PMID: 32936422 PMCID: PMC7862079 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00159-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Ceramides are lipid molecules determining cell integrity and intercellular signaling, and thus, involved in the pathogenesis of several psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. However, little is known about the role of particular enzymes of the ceramide metabolism in the mechanisms of normal behavioral plasticity. Here, we studied the contribution of neutral ceramidase (NC), one of the main enzymes mediating ceramide degradation, in the mechanisms of learning and memory in rats and non-human primates. Methods Naïve Wistar rats and black tufted-ear marmosets (Callithrix penicillata) were tested in several tests for short- and long-term memory and then divided into groups with various memory performance. The activities of NC and acid ceramidase (AC) were measured in these animals. Additionally, anxiety and depression-like behavior and brain levels of monoamines were assessed in the rats. Results We observed a predictive role of NC activity in the blood serum for superior performance of long-term object memory tasks in both species. A brain area analysis suggested that high NC activity in the ventral mesencephalon (VM) predicts better short-term memory performance in rats. High NC activity in the VM was also associated with worse long-term object memory, which might be mediated by an enhanced depression-like state and a monoaminergic imbalance. Conclusions Altogether, these data suggest a role for NC in short- and long-term memory of various mammalian species. Serum activity of NC may possess a predictive role in the assessing the performance of certain types of memory. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s43440-020-00159-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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27
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Xue SS, Zhou CH, Xue F, Liu L, Cai YH, Luo JF, Wang Y, Tan QR, Wang HN, Peng ZW. The impact of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and fluoxetine on the brain lipidome in a rat model of chronic unpredictable stress. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 102:109946. [PMID: 32325156 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The antidepressant effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been extensively studied; growing evidence suggests that changes in lipid composition may be involved in the pathogenesis of depression and may be a targeted mechanism for treatment. However, the influence of rTMS on lipid composition and the differences between these effects compared to antidepressants like fluoxetine (Flx) have never been investigated. Using a chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model in rats, we assessed the antidepressive effects of rTMS and Flx treatments and evaluated changes in lipid composition in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) using a mass spectrometry-based lipidomic approach. Both rTMS and Flx treatments ameliorated depressive-like behaviors induced by CUS. Moreover, changes in lipid composition, especially glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and glycerolipids induced by CUS in the hippocampus were more robust than those observed in the PFC. CUS led to decreased levels of 20 carbon-containing fatty acyls and polyunsaturated fatty acyls in the PFC, and decreased levels of acyl carnitines (AcCa) in both the hippocampus and PFC. Notably, rTMS treatment had higher impact than Flx on composition of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids in the hippocampus that were altered by CUS, while Flx attenuated CUS-induced changes in the PFC to a greater extent than rTMS. However, neither was able to restore fatty acyls and AcCa to baseline levels. Altogether, modulation of the brain lipidome may be involved in the antidepressant action of rTMS and Flx, and the degree to which these treatments induce changes in lipid composition within the hippocampus and PFC might explain their differential antidepressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Xue
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Cui-Hong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Fen Xue
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yan-Hui Cai
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jian-Feng Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qing-Rong Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hua-Ning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Zheng-Wu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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28
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Jaddoa E, Masania J, Masiero E, Sgamma T, Arroo R, Sillence D, Zetterström T. Effect of antidepressant drugs on the brain sphingolipid system. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:716-725. [PMID: 32403969 DOI: 10.1177/0269881120915412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depression is a common mood disorder and the central sphingolipid system has been identified as a possible drug target of this condition. Here we investigated the action of antidepressant drugs on sphingolipid levels in rat brain regions, plasma and in cultured mouse macrophages. METHODS Two antidepressant drugs were tested: the serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine and the noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor desipramine, either following acute or chronic treatments. Content of sphingosine and ceramide were analysed using LC-MS or HPLC-UV, respectively. This was from samples of brain, plasma and cultured mouse macrophages. Antidepressant-induced effects on mRNA expression for two key genes of the sphingolipid pathway, SMPD1 and ASAH1, were also measured by using quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS Chronic but not acute administration of paroxetine or desipramine reduced sphingosine levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus (only paroxetine) but not in the striatum. Ceramide levels were also measured in the hippocampus following chronic paroxetine and likewise to sphingosine this treatment reduced its levels. The corresponding collected plasma samples from chronically treated animals did not show any decrease of sphingosine compared to the corresponding controls. Both drugs failed to reduce sphingosine levels from cultured mouse macrophages. The drug-induced decrease of sphingolipids coincided with reduced mRNA expression of two enzymes of the central sphingolipid pathway, i.e. acid sphingomyelinase (SMPD1) and acid ceramidase (ASAH1). CONCLUSIONS This study supports the involvement of brain sphingolipids in the mechanism of action by antidepressant drugs and for the first time highlights their differential effects on brain versus plasma levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estabraq Jaddoa
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Jinit Masania
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Eva Masiero
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Tiziana Sgamma
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Randolph Arroo
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Daniel Sillence
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Tyra Zetterström
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
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Zoicas I, Schumacher F, Kleuser B, Reichel M, Gulbins E, Fejtova A, Kornhuber J, Rhein C. The Forebrain-Specific Overexpression of Acid Sphingomyelinase Induces Depressive-Like Symptoms in Mice. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051244. [PMID: 32443534 PMCID: PMC7290754 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human and murine studies identified the lysosomal enzyme acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) as a target for antidepressant therapy and revealed its role in the pathophysiology of major depression. In this study, we generated a mouse model with overexpression of Asm (Asm-tgfb) that is restricted to the forebrain to rule out any systemic effects of Asm overexpression on depressive-like symptoms. The increase in Asm activity was higher in male Asm-tgfb mice than in female Asm-tgfb mice due to the breeding strategy, which allows for the generation of wild-type littermates as appropriate controls. Asm overexpression in the forebrain of male mice resulted in a depressive-like phenotype, whereas in female mice, Asm overexpression resulted in a social anxiogenic-like phenotype. Ceramides in male Asm-tgfb mice were elevated specifically in the dorsal hippocampus. mRNA expression analyses indicated that the increase in Asm activity affected other ceramide-generating pathways, which might help to balance ceramide levels in cortical brain regions. This forebrain-specific mouse model offers a novel tool for dissecting the molecular mechanisms that play a role in the pathophysiology of major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Zoicas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (M.R.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Toxicology, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (F.S.); (B.K.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Toxicology, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (F.S.); (B.K.)
| | - Martin Reichel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (M.R.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Anna Fejtova
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (M.R.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (M.R.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Cosima Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (I.Z.); (M.R.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-85-44542
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30
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Alemany-Navarro M, Cruz R, Real E, Segalàs C, Bertolín S, Rabionet R, Carracedo Á, Menchón JM, Alonso P. Looking into the genetic bases of OCD dimensions: a pilot genome-wide association study. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:151. [PMID: 32424139 PMCID: PMC7235014 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0804-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The multidimensional nature of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been consistently reported. Clinical and biological characteristics have been associated with OCD dimensions in different ways. Studies suggest the existence of specific genetic bases for the different OCD dimensions. In this study, we analyze the genomic markers, genes, gene ontology and biological pathways associated with the presence of aggressive/checking, symmetry/order, contamination/cleaning, hoarding, and sexual/religious symptoms, as assessed via the Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (DY-BOCS) in 399 probands. Logistic regression analyses were performed at the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) level. Gene-based and enrichment analyses were carried out for common (SNPs) and rare variants. No SNP was associated with any dimension at a genome-wide level (p < 5 × 10-8). Gene-based analyses showed one gene to be associated with hoarding (SETD3, p = 1.89 × 10-08); a gene highly expressed in the brain and which plays a role in apoptotic processes and transcriptomic changes, and another gene associated with aggressive symptoms (CPE; p = 4.42 × 10-6), which is involved in neurotrophic functions and the synthesis of peptide hormones and neurotransmitters. Different pathways or biological processes were represented by genes associated with aggressive (zinc ion response and lipid metabolism), order (lipid metabolism), sexual/religious (G protein-mediated processes) and hoarding (metabolic processes and anion transport) symptoms after FDR correction; while no pathway was associated with contamination. Specific genomic bases were found for each dimension assessed, especially in the enrichment analyses. Further research with larger samples and different techniques, such as next-generation sequencing, are needed to better understand the differential genetics of OCD dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Alemany-Navarro
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. .,OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Raquel Cruz
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, CIBERER, Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eva Real
- grid.418284.30000 0004 0427 2257Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.411129.e0000 0000 8836 0780OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cinto Segalàs
- grid.418284.30000 0004 0427 2257Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.411129.e0000 0000 8836 0780OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Bertolín
- grid.411129.e0000 0000 8836 0780OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Rabionet
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), CIBERER, and Dept. Genetics, Microbiology & Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, CIBERER, Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain ,Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, SERGAS, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jose M. Menchón
- grid.418284.30000 0004 0427 2257Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.411129.e0000 0000 8836 0780OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pino Alonso
- grid.411129.e0000 0000 8836 0780OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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31
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Zoicas I, Mühle C, Schmidtner AK, Gulbins E, Neumann ID, Kornhuber J. Anxiety and Depression Are Related to Higher Activity of Sphingolipid Metabolizing Enzymes in the Rat Brain. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051239. [PMID: 32429522 PMCID: PMC7290887 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in sphingolipid metabolism have been suggested to contribute to the pathophysiology of major depression. In this study, we investigated the activity of acid and neutral sphingomyelinases (ASM, NSM) and ceramidases (AC, NC), respectively, in twelve brain regions of female rats selectively bred for high (HAB) versus low (LAB) anxiety-like behavior. Concomitant with their highly anxious and depressive-like phenotype, HAB rats showed increased activity of ASM and NSM as well as of AC and NC in multiple brain regions associated with anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, including the lateral septum, hypothalamus, ventral hippocampus, ventral and dorsal mesencephalon. Strong correlations between anxiety-like behavior and ASM activity were found in female HAB rats in the amygdala, ventral hippocampus and dorsal mesencephalon, whereas NSM activity correlated with anxiety levels in the dorsal mesencephalon. These results provide novel information about the sphingolipid metabolism, especially about the sphingomyelinases and ceramidases, in major depression and comorbid anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Zoicas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.M.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-85-46005; Fax: +49-9131-85-36381
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Anna K. Schmidtner
- Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (I.D.N.)
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Inga D. Neumann
- Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (I.D.N.)
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.M.); (J.K.)
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32
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Potential therapeutic target for aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases: the role of acid sphingomyelinase. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:380-389. [PMID: 32203096 PMCID: PMC7156489 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging, which is associated with age-related changes in physiological processes, is the most significant risk factor for the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Accumulating evidence has indicated that sphingolipids are significant regulators that are associated with pathogenesis in aging and several age-related neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, abnormal levels of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), one of the significant sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes, have been found in the blood and some tissues under various neuropathological conditions. Moreover, recent studies have reported the importance of ASM as a critical mediator that contributes to pathologies in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we describe the pathophysiological processes that are regulated by ASM, focusing on the age-related neurodegenerative environment. Furthermore, we discuss novel insights into how new therapeutics targeting ASM may potentially lead to effective strategies to combat aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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33
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Lu Z, Li Y, Syn WK, Wang Z, Lopes-Virella MF, Lyons TJ, Huang Y. Amitriptyline inhibits nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and atherosclerosis induced by high-fat diet and LPS through modulation of sphingolipid metabolism. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E131-E144. [PMID: 31821039 PMCID: PMC7052581 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00181.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We reported previously that increased acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase)-catalyzed hydrolysis of sphingomyelin, which leads to increases in ceramide and sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P), played a key role in the synergistic upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines by palmitic acid (PA), a major saturated fatty acid, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in macrophages. Since macrophages are vital players in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and atherosclerosis, we assessed the effect of ASMase inhibition on NASH and atherosclerosis cooperatively induced by high-PA-containing high-fat diet (HP-HFD) and LPS in LDL receptor-deficient (LDLR-/-) mice. LDLR-/- mice were fed HP-HFD, injected with low dose of LPS and treated with or without the ASMase inhibitor amitriptyline. The neutral sphingomyelinase inhibitor GW4869 was used as control. Metabolic study showed that both amitriptyline and GW4869 reduced glucose, lipids, and insulin resistance. Histological analysis and Oil Red O staining showed that amitriptyline robustly reduced hepatic steatosis while GW4869 had modest effects. Interestingly, immunohistochemical study showed that amitriptyline, but not GW4869, strongly reduced hepatic inflammation. Furthermore, results showed that both amitriptyline and GW4869 attenuated atherosclerosis. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms whereby amitriptyline inhibited both NASH and atherosclerosis, but GW4869 only inhibited atherosclerosis, we found that amitriptyline, but not GW4869, downregulated proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Finally, we found that inhibition of sphingosine 1 phosphate production is a potential mechanism whereby amitriptyline inhibited proinflammatory cytokines. Collectively, this study showed that amitriptyline inhibited NASH and atherosclerosis through modulation of sphingolipid metabolism in LDLR-/- mice, indicating that sphingolipid metabolism in macrophages plays a crucial role in the linkage of NASH and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyang Lu
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Yanchun Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Wing-Kin Syn
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea/Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Zhewu Wang
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Maria F Lopes-Virella
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Timothy J Lyons
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Yan Huang
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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34
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Yang K, Yu J, Nong K, Wang Y, Niu A, Chen W, Dong J, Wang J. Discovery of Potent, Selective, and Direct Acid Sphingomyelinase Inhibitors with Antidepressant Activity. J Med Chem 2020; 63:961-974. [PMID: 31944697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies on sphingolipids suggest that acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), which plays a central role in the pathogenesis of major depression, is emerging to be a novel target for developing antidepressants. Herein we first described the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of hydroxamic acid-based direct inhibitors of ASM with the effort of validating their antidepressant effects in vivo. As a result, a series of novel ASM inhibitors were developed using a structure-based approach. Our studies demonstrated that the administration of 21b improved depression-like behaviors of rats. Importantly, this positive result was relevant to the inhibition of ASM and the increasing neurogenesis in hippocampus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that direct inhibitors of ASM were developed to support the possibility of ASM as a potential therapeutic target for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , China
| | - Jinying Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Keyi Nong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Youzhi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Ao Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Wenlu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Jibin Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
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35
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Zeitler S, Ye L, Andreyeva A, Schumacher F, Monti J, Nürnberg B, Nowak G, Kleuser B, Reichel M, Fejtová A, Kornhuber J, Rhein C, Friedland K. Acid sphingomyelinase - a regulator of canonical transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6) activity. J Neurochem 2019; 150:678-690. [PMID: 31310676 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent investigations propose the acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)/ceramide system as a novel target for antidepressant action. ASM catalyzes the breakdown of the abundant membrane lipid sphingomyelin to the lipid messenger ceramide. This ASM-induced lipid modification induces a local shift in membrane properties, which influences receptor clustering and downstream signaling. Canonical transient receptor potential channels 6 (TRPC6) are non-selective cation channels located in the cell membrane that play an important role in dendritic growth, synaptic plasticity and cognition in the brain. They can be activated by hyperforin, an ingredient of the herbal remedy St. John's wort for treatment of depression disorders. Because of their role in the context of major depression, we investigated the crosstalk between the ASM/ceramide system and TRPC6 ion channels in a pheochromocytoma cell line 12 neuronal cell model (PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cell line). Ca2+ imaging experiments indicated that hyperforin-induced Ca2+ influx through TRPC6 channels is modulated by ASM activity. While antidepressants, known as functional inhibitors of ASM activity, reduced TRPC6-mediated Ca2+ influx, extracellular application of bacterial sphingomyelinase rebalanced TRPC6 activity in a concentration-related way. This effect was confirmed in whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology recordings. Lipidomic analyses revealed a decrease in very long chain ceramide/sphingomyelin molar ratio after ASM inhibition, which was connected with changes in the abundance of TRPC6 channels in flotillin-1-positive lipid rafts as visualized by western blotting. Our data provide evidence that the ASM/ceramide system regulates TRPC6 channels likely by controlling their recruitment to specific lipid subdomains and thereby fine-tuning their physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Zeitler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lian Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aksana Andreyeva
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.,Department of Molecular Biology, University Clinic, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Juliana Monti
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernd Nürnberg
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomics and Drug Research (ICePhA), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gabriel Nowak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.,Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Martin Reichel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Fejtová
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cosima Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kristina Friedland
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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36
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Kalinichenko LS, Mühle C, Eulenburg V, Praetner M, Reichel M, Gulbins E, Kornhuber J, Müller CP. Enhanced Alcohol Preference and Anxiolytic Alcohol Effects in Niemann-Pick Disease Model in Mice. Front Neurol 2019; 10:731. [PMID: 31333574 PMCID: PMC6618345 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depression and alcohol use disorder are severe psychiatric diseases affecting the world's population with high comorbidity level. However, the pathogenesis of this comorbidity remains unclear, and no selective treatment for this condition is available. A pathogenic pathway and a possible therapeutic target for the treatment of depression-alcoholism comorbidity based on the hyperfunction of acid sphingomyelinase (Asm) were recently suggested. Here we analyzed the effects of alcohol on the depression/anxiety state of homozygous Asm-knockout mice (Asm − /−), which can be considered as a model of an early stage of Niemann-Pick disease, as well as their drinking pattern under normal and stress conditions. It was observed that forced treatment with alcohol (2 g/kg, i.p.) reduces the anxiety level of Asm−/− mice as measured in the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, but enhances the depression level in the forced swim test (FST). The analysis of drinking pattern of these animals in a free-choice alcohol drinking paradigm revealed higher alcohol intake and preference in Asm−/− mice compared to wild type (wt) littermates. However, this difference was overwritten by the stress exposure. Stronger sedating effects of alcohol were observed in Asm−/− mice compared to wt animals in the loss of righting reflex test after single and repeated alcohol injections (3 g/kg, i.p.). Altogether, the present findings might indicate an Asm involvement in the mechanisms of comorbidity between alcoholism and anxiety/depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubov S Kalinichenko
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Volker Eulenburg
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marc Praetner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Reichel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian P Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Secretory Acid Sphingomyelinase in the Serum of Medicated Patients Predicts the Prospective Course of Depression. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8060846. [PMID: 31200571 PMCID: PMC6617165 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8060846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent and devastating psychiatric illness with strong individual and societal burdens. However, biomarkers to improve the limited preventive and therapeutic approaches are scarce. Multilevel evidence suggests that the pathophysiological involvement of sphingolipids particularly increases the levels of ceramides and the ceramide hydrolyzing enzyme, acid sphingomyelinase. The activity of secretory acid sphingomyelinase (S-ASM) and routine blood parameters were determined in the serum of patients with current (unmedicated n = 63, medicated n = 66) and remitted (n = 39) MDD and healthy subjects (n = 61). Depression severity and anxiety and their 3-weeks prospective course of treatment were assessed by psychometric inventories. S-ASM activity was not different between the four groups, did not decrease during treatment, and was not lower in individuals taking medication that functionally inhibited ASM. However, S-ASM correlated positively with depression severity only in remitted patients. High enzyme activity at inclusion predicted milder clinician-evaluated and self-rated depression severity (HAM-D, MADRS, BDI-II) and state anxiety at follow-up, and was related to stronger improvement in these scores in medicated patients. S-ASM was strongly and contrariwise associated with serum lipids in unmedicated and medicated females. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the pathomechanisms underlying depression and the development of clinical strategies and biomarkers.
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Kalinichenko LS, Hammad L, Reichel M, Kohl Z, Gulbins E, Kornhuber J, Müller CP. Acid sphingomyelinase controls dopamine activity and responses to appetitive stimuli in mice. Brain Res Bull 2019; 146:310-319. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Czysz AH, South C, Gadad BS, Arning E, Soyombo A, Bottiglieri T, Trivedi MH. Can targeted metabolomics predict depression recovery? Results from the CO-MED trial. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:11. [PMID: 30664617 PMCID: PMC6341111 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is a developing and promising tool for exploring molecular pathways underlying symptoms of depression and predicting depression recovery. The AbsoluteIDQ™ p180 kit was used to investigate whether plasma metabolites (sphingomyelins, lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylcholines, and acylcarnitines) from a subset of participants in the Combining Medications to Enhance Depression Outcomes (CO-MED) trial could act as predictors or biologic correlates of depression recovery. Participants in this trial were assigned to one of three pharmacological treatment arms: escitalopram monotherapy, bupropion-escitalopram combination, or venlafaxine-mirtazapine combination. Plasma was collected at baseline in 159 participants and again 12 weeks later at study exit in 83 of these participants. Metabolite concentrations were measured and combined with clinical and sociodemographic variables using the hierarchical lasso to simultaneously model whether specific metabolites are particularly informative of depressive recovery. Increased baseline concentrations of phosphatidylcholine C38:1 showed poorer outcome based on change in the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS). In contrast, an increased ratio of hydroxylated sphingomyelins relative to non-hydroxylated sphingomyelins at baseline and a change from baseline to exit suggested a better reduction of symptoms as measured by QIDS score. All metabolite-based models performed superior to models only using clinical and sociodemographic variables, suggesting that metabolomics may be a valuable tool for predicting antidepressant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H. Czysz
- 0000 0000 9482 7121grid.267313.2Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Charles South
- 0000 0000 9482 7121grid.267313.2Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Bharathi S. Gadad
- 0000 0000 9482 7121grid.267313.2Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Erland Arning
- 0000 0004 4685 2620grid.486749.0Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, 3812 Elm Street, Dallas, TX 75226 USA
| | - Abigail Soyombo
- 0000 0000 9482 7121grid.267313.2Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- 0000 0004 4685 2620grid.486749.0Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, 3812 Elm Street, Dallas, TX 75226 USA
| | - Madhukar H. Trivedi
- 0000 0000 9482 7121grid.267313.2Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
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40
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Rein T. Is Autophagy Involved in the Diverse Effects of Antidepressants? Cells 2019; 8:E44. [PMID: 30642024 PMCID: PMC6356221 DOI: 10.3390/cells8010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has received increased attention as a conserved process governing cellular energy and protein homeostasis that is thus relevant in a range of physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Recently, autophagy has also been linked to depression, mainly through its involvement in the action of antidepressants. Some antidepressant drugs and psychotropic medication have been reported to exert beneficial effects in other diseases, for example, in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. This review collates the evidence for the hypothesis that autophagy contributes to the effects of antidepressants beyond depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo Rein
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany.
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41
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Moaddel R, Shardell M, Khadeer M, Lovett J, Kadriu B, Ravichandran S, Morris PJ, Yuan P, Thomas CJ, Gould TD, Ferrucci L, Zarate CA. Plasma metabolomic profiling of a ketamine and placebo crossover trial of major depressive disorder and healthy control subjects. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:3017-3030. [PMID: 30116859 PMCID: PMC6193489 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4992-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
(R,S)-Ketamine produces rapid, robust, and sustained antidepressant effects in major depressive disorder. Specifically, its pharmacological efficacy in treatment refractory depression is considered a major breakthrough in the field. However, the mechanism of action of ketamine's rapid effect remains to be determined. In order to identify pathways that are responsible for ketamine's effect, a targeted metabolomic approach was carried out using a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design, with infusion order randomized with medication-free patients with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (29 subjects) and healthy controls (25 subjects). The metabolomic profile of these subjects was characterized at multiple time points, and a comprehensive analysis was investigated between the following: MDD and healthy controls, treatment and placebo in both groups and the corresponding response to ketamine treatment. Ketamine treatment resulted in a general increase in circulating sphingomyelins, levels which were not correlated with response. Ketamine response resulted in more pronounced effects in the kynurenine pathway and the arginine pathway at 4 h post-infusion, where a larger decrease in circulating kynurenine levels and a larger increase in the bioavailability of arginine were observed in responders to ketamine treatment, suggesting possible mechanisms for response to ketamine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruin Moaddel
- Biomedical Research Center, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Michelle Shardell
- Biomedical Research Center, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mohammed Khadeer
- Biomedical Research Center, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacqueline Lovett
- Biomedical Research Center, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bashkim Kadriu
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sarangan Ravichandran
- Advanced Biomedical and Computational Sciences, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Patrick J. Morris
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Peixiong Yuan
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Craig J. Thomas
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Todd D. Gould
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Biomedical Research Center, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carlos A. Zarate
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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42
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Rhein C, Löber S, Gmeiner P, Gulbins E, Tripal P, Kornhuber J. Derivatization of common antidepressant drugs increases inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase and reduces induction of phospholipidosis. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1837-1845. [PMID: 30191367 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In recent studies, major depressive disorder (MDD) was linked to an increase in acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity. Several drugs that are commonly used to treat MDD functionally inhibit the lysosomal enzyme ASM and are called functional inhibitors of ASM (FIASMAs). These drugs are classified as cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) that influence the catalytic activities of different lysosomal enzymes. This action results in the side effect of phospholipidosis (PLD), which describes a detrimental increase in the phospholipid content in lysosomes. FIASMAs differ only slightly in their physico-chemical properties, but their effects on ASM activity and induction of the lysosomal phospholipid content vary significantly. In this study, we systematically induced minor chemical modifications to the FIASMAs imipramine, desipramine and fluoxetine. We generated a library of 45 new CADs with slightly different log P (logarithmic partition coefficient) and pKa (logarithmic acid dissociation constant) values. The effects of the compounds on the ASM activity and lysosomal phospholipid content were assessed in cell culture assays. We identified four compounds with beneficial effects, i.e., increased ASM activity inhibition and reduced PLD induction compared with the original drugs. The compounds HT04, RH272B and RH272D outperformed the original imipramine, whereas RH281A performed better than desipramine. Thus, minor chemical variations of CADs impact lysosomal metabolism in a specific manner and can lead to antidepressant drugs with less deleterious side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosima Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Stefan Löber
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Philipp Tripal
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Optical Imaging Centre Erlangen (OICE), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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43
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Yang K, Nong K, Gu Q, Dong J, Wang J. Discovery of N-hydroxy-3-alkoxybenzamides as direct acid sphingomyelinase inhibitors using a ligand-based pharmacophore model. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 151:389-400. [PMID: 29649738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) has been shown to be involved in many physiological processes, emerging to be a promising drug target. In this study, we constructed a ligand-based pharmacophore model of ASM inhibitors and applied this model to optimize the lead compound α-mangostin, a known inhibitor of ASM. 23 compounds were designed and evaluated in vitro for ASM inhibition, of these, 10 compounds were found to be more potent than α-mangostin. This high hit ratio confirmed that the presented model is very effective and practical. The most potent hit, 1c, was found to selectively and competitively inhibit the enzyme and inhibit the generation of ceramide in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, 1c showed favorable anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammatory activity. Interactions with key residues and the Zn2+ cofactor of 1c were found by docking simulation. These results provide promising leads and important guidance for further development of efficient ASM inhibitors and drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Keyi Nong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qinlan Gu
- Senior Vocational School, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jibin Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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44
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Brodowicz J, Przegaliński E, Müller CP, Filip M. Ceramide and Its Related Neurochemical Networks as Targets for Some Brain Disorder Therapies. Neurotox Res 2018; 33:474-484. [PMID: 28842833 PMCID: PMC5766709 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9798-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Correlational and causal comparative research link ceramide (Cer), the precursor of complex sphingolipids, to some psychiatric (e.g., depression, schizophrenia (SZ), alcohol use disorder, and morphine antinociceptive tolerance) and neurological (e.g., Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD)) disorders. Cer generation can occur through the de novo synthesis pathway, the sphingomyelinase pathways, and the salvage pathway. The discoveries that plasma Cer concentration increase during depressive episodes in patients and that tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants functionally inhibit acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), the enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of sphingomyelin to Cer, have initiated a series of studies on the role of the ASM-Cer system in depressive disorder. Disturbances in the metabolism of Cer or SM are associated with the occurrence of SZ and PD. In both PD and SZ patients, the elevated levels of Cer or SM in the brain regions were associated with the disease. AD patients showed also an abnormal metabolism of brain Cer at early stages of the disease which may suggest Cer as an AD biomarker. In plasma of AD patients and in AD transgenic mice, ASM activity was increased. In contrast, partial ASM inhibition of Aβ deposition improved memory deficits. Furthermore, in clinical and preclinical research, ethanol enhanced activation of ASM followed by Cer production. Limited data have shown that Cer plays an important role in the development of morphine antinociceptive tolerance. In summary, clinical and preclinical findings provide evidence that targeting the Cer system should be considered as an innovative translational strategy for some brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Brodowicz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Street, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Edmund Przegaliński
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Street, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Christian P Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Filip
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Street, 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
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45
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Low Vs. High Alcohol: Central Benefits Vs. Detriments. Neurotox Res 2018; 34:860-869. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9859-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Xing Y, Tang Y, Zhao L, Wang Q, Qin W, Zhang JL, Jia J. Plasma Ceramides and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 52:1029-35. [PMID: 27079712 DOI: 10.3233/jad-151158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various evidence demonstrates the influences of ceramides on Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Furthermore, increased ceramides were also suggested to be related to cognitive decline. However, the association between ceramides and neuropsychiatric symptoms of AD remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study sought to investigate the association between plasma ceramide levels and multiple neuropsychiatric symptoms in AD. METHODS A total of 98 patients and 92 cognitively normal controls participated in this study, including 56 with mild AD and 42 with moderate to severe AD. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) was used to assess neuropsychiatric symptoms. Considering the influences of dementia severity on ceramide levels and neuropsychiatric symptoms, a subgroup analysis was conducted by dementia severity. RESULTS Except for C24 : 0, all ceramide species were significantly higher in AD patients than in controls. After controlling for confounding factors, the C16 : 0 and C20 : 0 levels were positively associated with delusions, and the quartiles of C22 : 0 and C24 : 0 were positively associated with depression. In the subgroup analysis, association between ceramide species and delusions were only observed in mild AD, and the association between ceramides and depression were prominent in moderate to severe AD. In mild AD, after controlling for age, gender, anti-dementia medications, diabetes status, and ApoE ɛ4 status, the C16 : 0, C20 : 0, and quartiles of C24 : 1 were associated with delusions. In moderate to severe AD, depression was associated with C22 : 0 and C24 : 0. CONCLUSION There were stage-specific associations between ceramides and neuropsychiatric symptoms of AD. The potential mechanisms deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xing
- Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Grimm MOW, Michaelson DM, Hartmann T. Omega-3 fatty acids, lipids, and apoE lipidation in Alzheimer's disease: a rationale for multi-nutrient dementia prevention. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:2083-2101. [PMID: 28528321 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r076331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, it has become obvious that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely linked to changes in lipids or lipid metabolism. One of the main pathological hallmarks of AD is amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. Aβ is derived from sequential proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Interestingly, both, the APP and all APP secretases are transmembrane proteins that cleave APP close to and in the lipid bilayer. Moreover, apoE4 has been identified as the most prevalent genetic risk factor for AD. ApoE is the main lipoprotein in the brain, which has an abundant role in the transport of lipids and brain lipid metabolism. Several lipidomic approaches revealed changes in the lipid levels of cerebrospinal fluid or in post mortem AD brains. Here, we review the impact of apoE and lipids in AD, focusing on the major brain lipid classes, sphingomyelin, plasmalogens, gangliosides, sulfatides, DHA, and EPA, as well as on lipid signaling molecules, like ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate. As nutritional approaches showed limited beneficial effects in clinical studies, the opportunities of combining different supplements in multi-nutritional approaches are discussed and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus O W Grimm
- Department of Experimental Neurology and Department of Neurodegeneration and Neurobiology, and Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Daniel M Michaelson
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tobias Hartmann
- Department of Experimental Neurology and Department of Neurodegeneration and Neurobiology, and Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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48
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Lipids in psychiatric disorders and preventive medicine. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 76:336-362. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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49
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Dinoff A, Herrmann N, Lanctôt KL. Ceramides and depression: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2017; 213:35-43. [PMID: 28189963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder is a significant contributor to global disability and mortality. The mechanisms of depression are vast and not fully understood, and as a result current treatment of depression is suboptimal. Aberrant sphingolipid metabolism has been observed in some cases of depression, specifically alterations in ceramide concentrations. The role of ceramides and other sphingolipids in depression is a novel concept. This review summarizes and evaluates the current state of evidence for a role of ceramides in depression pathophysiology and the potential for novel depression pharmacotherapies targeting ceramide metabolism. METHODS Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were searched through October 2016 for English-language studies using combinations of the search terms: ceramide, depression, sphingolipid, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Of the 489 articles screened, 14 were included in the qualitative synthesis of this review article. Pre-clinical and clinical evidence suggest that ceramide species may contribute to depression pathophysiology. In human studies, ceramides C18:0 and C20:0 are the species most strongly linked to depression. Evidence for altered ceramide metabolism in depression is present, but data for a causal role of ceramides in depression are lacking. LIMITATIONS This review was limited by potential reporting bias. Furthermore, a lack of specificity of which ceramides were altered in depression was common. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacotherapy targeting ceramide metabolism may be a novel treatment option for depression. A number of pharmacological targets exists for ceramide reduction and a number of currently approved medications inhibit ceramide production. More evidence, pre-clinical and clinical, is warranted to determine the extent and consistency of the role of ceramides in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Dinoff
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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50
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Babenko NA, Shevereva VM, Gar’kavenko VV. Changes in the Sphingolipid Content in Tissues and Behavioral Modifications of Rats Subjected to Neurogenic Stress: Role of Sphingomyelinases. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-017-9615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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