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Yan Y, Hemmler D, Schmitt-Kopplin P. Discovery of Glycation Products: Unraveling the Unknown Glycation Space Using a Mass Spectral Library from In Vitro Model Systems. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3569-3577. [PMID: 38346319 PMCID: PMC10902809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The nonenzymatic reaction between amino acids (AAs) and reducing sugars, also known as the Maillard reaction, is the primary source of free glycation products (GPs) in vivo and in vitro. The limited number of MS/MS records for GPs in public libraries hinders the annotation and investigation of nonenzymatic glycation. To address this issue, we present a mass spectral library containing the experimental MS/MS spectra of diverse GPs from model systems. Based on the conceptional reaction processes and structural characteristics of products, we classified GPs into common GPs (CGPs) and modified AAs (MAAs). A workflow for annotating GPs was established based on the structural and fragmentation patterns of each GP type. The final spectral library contains 157 CGPs, 499 MAAs, and 2426 GP spectra with synthetic model system information, retention time, precursor m/z, MS/MS, and annotations. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrated the use of the library for screening GPs in unidentified spectra of human plasma and urine. The AAs with the C6H10O5 modification, fructosylation from Amadori rearrangement, were the most found GPs. With the help of the model system, we confirmed the existence of C6H10O5-modified Valine in human plasma by matching both retention time, MS1, and MS/MS without reference standards. In summary, our GP library can serve as an online resource to quickly screen possible GPs in an untargeted metabolomics workflow, furthermore with the model system as a practical synthesis method to confirm their identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfei Yan
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Daniel Hemmler
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
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2
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Kreindl C, Soto-Alarcón SA, Hidalgo M, Riveros AL, Añazco C, Pulgar R, Porras O. Selenium Compounds Affect Differently the Cytoplasmic Thiol/Disulfide State in Dermic Fibroblasts and Improve Cell Migration by Interacting with the Extracellular Matrix. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:159. [PMID: 38397757 PMCID: PMC10886037 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Deficient wound healing is frequently observed in patients diagnosed with diabetes, a clinical complication that compromises mobility and leads to limb amputation, decreasing patient autonomy and family lifestyle. Fibroblasts are crucial for secreting the extracellular matrix (ECM) to pave the wound site for endothelial and keratinocyte regeneration. The biosynthetic pathways involved in collagen production and crosslinking are intimately related to fibroblast redox homeostasis. In this study, two sets of human dermic fibroblasts were cultured in normal (5 mM) and high (25 mM)-glucose conditions in the presence of 1 µM selenium, as sodium selenite (inorganic) and the two selenium amino acids (organic), Se-cysteine and Se-methionine, for ten days. We investigated the ultrastructural changes in the secreted ECM induced by these conditions using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, we evaluated the redox impact of these three compounds by measuring the basal state and real-time responses of the thiol-based HyPer biosensor expressed in the cytoplasm of these fibroblasts. Our results indicate that selenium compound supplementation pushed the redox equilibrium towards a more oxidative tone in both sets of fibroblasts, and this effect was independent of the type of selenium. The kinetic analysis of biosensor responses allowed us to identify Se-cysteine as the only compound that simultaneously improved the sensitivity to oxidative stimuli and augmented the disulfide bond reduction rate in high-glucose-cultured fibroblasts. The redox response profiles showed no clear association with the ultrastructural changes observed in matrix fibers secreted by selenium-treated fibroblasts. However, we found that selenium supplementation improved the ECM secreted by high-glucose-cultured fibroblasts according to endothelial migration assessed with a wound healing assay. Direct application of sodium selenite and Se-cysteine on purified collagen fibers subjected to glycation also improved cellular migration, suggesting that these selenium compounds avoid the undesired effect of glycation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kreindl
- Laboratory for Research in Functional Nutrition, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (C.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Sandra A. Soto-Alarcón
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile;
| | - Miltha Hidalgo
- Laboratory for Research in Functional Nutrition, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (C.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Ana L. Riveros
- Laboratorio de Nanobiotecnología y Nanotoxicología, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingston 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile;
| | - Carolina Añazco
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Nutricional, Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, General Lagos #1190, Valdivia 5110773, Chile;
| | - Rodrigo Pulgar
- Laboratory of Genomics and Genetics of Biological Interactions, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile;
| | - Omar Porras
- Laboratory for Research in Functional Nutrition, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (C.K.); (M.H.)
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Sun J, Akıllıoğlu HG, Zhong J, Muk T, Pan X, Lund MN, Sangild PT, Nguyen DN, Bering SB. Ultra-High Temperature Treatment of Liquid Infant Formula, Systemic Immunity, and Kidney Development in Preterm Neonates. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300318. [PMID: 37888862 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Ready-to-feed liquid infant formulas (IFs) are increasingly being used for newborn preterm infants when human milk is unavailable. However, sterilization of liquid IFs by ultra-high temperature (UHT) introduces Maillard reaction products (MRPs) that may negatively affect systemic immune and kidney development. METHODS AND RESULTS UHT-treated IF without and with prolonged storage (SUHT) are tested against pasteurized IF (PAST) in newborn preterm pigs as a model for preterm infants. After 5 days, blood leukocytes, markers of systemic immunity and inflammation, kidney structure and function are evaluated. No consistent differences between UHT and PAST pigs are observed. However, SUHT increases plasma TNFα and IL-6 and reduces neutrophils and in vitro response to LPS. In SUHT pigs, the immature kidneys show minor upregulation of gene expressions related to inflammation (RAGE, MPO, MMP9) and oxidative stress (CAT, GLO1), together with glomerular mesangial expansion and cell injury. The increased inflammatory status in SUHT pigs appears unrelated to systemic levels of MRPs. CONCLUSION SUHT feeding may impair systemic immunity and affect kidney development in preterm newborns. The systemic effects may be induced by local gut inflammatory effects of MRPs. Optimal processing and length of storage are critical for UHT-treated liquid IFs for preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jingren Zhong
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tik Muk
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xiaoyu Pan
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne Nissen Lund
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Torp Sangild
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Neonatology, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Duc Ninh Nguyen
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Brandt Bering
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Sethi Y, Khehra N, Padda I, Uniyal N, Olson J. HbA1c without Complete Blood Count: What are we Missing? - A viewpoint from South-East Asia. Arch Med Res 2023; 54:102871. [PMID: 37611383 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2023.102871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yashendra Sethi
- PearResearch, Dehradun, India; Government Doon Medical College, HNB Uttarakhand Medical Education University, Dehradun, India; Saint Bernard Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Nimrat Khehra
- PearResearch, Dehradun, India; Saint James School of Medicine, St Vincent and the Grenadines
| | - Inderbir Padda
- PearResearch, Dehradun, India; Richmond University Medical Centre, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Nidhi Uniyal
- PearResearch, Dehradun, India; Gautam Buddha Chikitsa Mahavidyalaya, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Muthaiyan Shanmugam M, Chaudhuri J, Sellegounder D, Sahu AK, Guha S, Chamoli M, Hodge B, Bose N, Roberts C, Farrera DO, Lithgow G, Sarpong R, Galligan JJ, Kapahi P. Methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone, MG-H1, increases food intake by altering tyramine signaling via the GATA transcription factor ELT-3 in Caenorhabditis elegans. eLife 2023; 12:e82446. [PMID: 37728328 PMCID: PMC10611433 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The Maillard reaction, a chemical reaction between amino acids and sugars, is exploited to produce flavorful food ubiquitously, from the baking industry to our everyday lives. However, the Maillard reaction also occurs in all cells, from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, forming advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). AGEs are a heterogeneous group of compounds resulting from the irreversible reaction between biomolecules and α-dicarbonyls (α-DCs), including methylglyoxal (MGO), an unavoidable byproduct of anaerobic glycolysis and lipid peroxidation. We previously demonstrated that Caenorhabditis elegans mutants lacking the glod-4 glyoxalase enzyme displayed enhanced accumulation of α-DCs, reduced lifespan, increased neuronal damage, and touch hypersensitivity. Here, we demonstrate that glod-4 mutation increased food intake and identify that MGO-derived hydroimidazolone, MG-H1, is a mediator of the observed increase in food intake. RNAseq analysis in glod-4 knockdown worms identified upregulation of several neurotransmitters and feeding genes. Suppressor screening of the overfeeding phenotype identified the tdc-1-tyramine-tyra-2/ser-2 signaling as an essential pathway mediating AGE (MG-H1)-induced feeding in glod-4 mutants. We also identified the elt-3 GATA transcription factor as an essential upstream regulator for increased feeding upon accumulation of AGEs by partially controlling the expression of tdc-1 gene. Furthermore, the lack of either tdc-1 or tyra-2/ser-2 receptors suppresses the reduced lifespan and rescues neuronal damage observed in glod-4 mutants. Thus, in C. elegans, we identified an elt-3 regulated tyramine-dependent pathway mediating the toxic effects of MG-H1 AGE. Understanding this signaling pathway may help understand hedonistic overfeeding behavior observed due to modern AGE-rich diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sanjib Guha
- The Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoUnited States
| | - Manish Chamoli
- The Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoUnited States
| | - Brian Hodge
- The Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoUnited States
| | - Neelanjan Bose
- The Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoUnited States
| | - Charis Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Dominique O Farrera
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
| | - Gordon Lithgow
- The Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoUnited States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - James J Galligan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
| | - Pankaj Kapahi
- The Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoUnited States
- Department of Urology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
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Messana I, Manconi B, Cabras T, Boroumand M, Sanna MT, Iavarone F, Olianas A, Desiderio C, Rossetti DV, Vincenzoni F, Contini C, Guadalupi G, Fiorita A, Faa G, Castagnola M. The Post-Translational Modifications of Human Salivary Peptides and Proteins Evidenced by Top-Down Platforms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12776. [PMID: 37628956 PMCID: PMC10454625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we extensively describe the main post-translational modifications that give rise to the multiple proteoforms characterized to date in the human salivary proteome and their potential role. Most of the data reported were obtained by our group in over twenty-five years of research carried out on human saliva mainly by applying a top-down strategy. In the beginning, we describe the products generated by proteolytic cleavages, which can occur before and after secretion. In this section, the most relevant families of salivary proteins are also described. Next, we report the current information concerning the human salivary phospho-proteome and the limited news available on sulfo-proteomes. Three sections are dedicated to the description of glycation and enzymatic glycosylation. Citrullination and N- and C-terminal post-translational modifications (PTMs) and miscellaneous other modifications are described in the last two sections. Results highlighting the variation in the level of some proteoforms in local or systemic pathologies are also reviewed throughout the sections of the manuscript to underline the impact and relevance of this information for the development of new diagnostic biomarkers useful in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Messana
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00168 Rome, Italy; (I.M.); (C.D.); (D.V.R.)
| | - Barbara Manconi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (B.M.); (M.T.S.); (A.O.); (C.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Tiziana Cabras
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (B.M.); (M.T.S.); (A.O.); (C.C.); (G.G.)
| | | | - Maria Teresa Sanna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (B.M.); (M.T.S.); (A.O.); (C.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Federica Iavarone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (F.V.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli Fondazione IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Olianas
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (B.M.); (M.T.S.); (A.O.); (C.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Claudia Desiderio
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00168 Rome, Italy; (I.M.); (C.D.); (D.V.R.)
| | - Diana Valeria Rossetti
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00168 Rome, Italy; (I.M.); (C.D.); (D.V.R.)
| | - Federica Vincenzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (F.V.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli Fondazione IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Cristina Contini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (B.M.); (M.T.S.); (A.O.); (C.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Giulia Guadalupi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (B.M.); (M.T.S.); (A.O.); (C.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Antonella Fiorita
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli Fondazione IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e della Testa e del Collo, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gavino Faa
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Massimo Castagnola
- Proteomics Laboratory, European Center for Brain Research, (IRCCS) Santa Lucia Foundation, 00168 Rome, Italy;
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Chen J, Yin D, Dou K. Intensified glycemic control by HbA1c for patients with coronary heart disease and Type 2 diabetes: a review of findings and conclusions. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:146. [PMID: 37349787 PMCID: PMC10288803 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and development of coronary heart disease (CHD) are closely linked to fluctuations in blood glucose levels. While the efficacy of intensified treatment guided by HbA1c levels remains uncertain for individuals with diabetes and CHD, this review summarizes the findings and conclusions regarding HbA1c in the context of CHD. Our review showed a curvilinear correlation between regulated level of HbA1c and therapeutic effectiveness of intensified glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease. It is necessary to optimize the dynamic monitoring indicators of HbA1c, combine genetic profiles, haptoglobin phenotypes for example and select more suitable hypoglycemic drugs to establish more appropriate glucose-controlling guideline for patients with CHD at different stage of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Chen
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037 China
| | - Dong Yin
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037 China
| | - Kefei Dou
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037 China
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8
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Zgutka K, Tkacz M, Tomasiak P, Tarnowski M. A Role for Advanced Glycation End Products in Molecular Ageing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9881. [PMID: 37373042 PMCID: PMC10298716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a composite process that involves numerous changes at the cellular, tissue, organ and whole-body levels. These changes result in decreased functioning of the organism and the development of certain conditions, which ultimately lead to an increased risk of death. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a family of compounds with a diverse chemical nature. They are the products of non-enzymatic reactions between reducing sugars and proteins, lipids or nucleic acids and are synthesised in high amounts in both physiological and pathological conditions. Accumulation of these molecules increases the level of damage to tissue/organs structures (immune elements, connective tissue, brain, pancreatic beta cells, nephrons, and muscles), which consequently triggers the development of age-related diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular and kidney disorders. Irrespective of the role of AGEs in the initiation or progression of chronic disorders, a reduction in their levels would certainly provide health benefits. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of AGEs in these areas. Moreover, we provide examples of lifestyle interventions, such as caloric restriction or physical activities, that may modulate AGE formation and accumulation and help to promote healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Zgutka
- Department of Physiology in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 54, 70-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Tkacz
- Department of Physiology in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 54, 70-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Tomasiak
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 70-453 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Tarnowski
- Department of Physiology in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 54, 70-210 Szczecin, Poland
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9
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Shin A, Connolly S, Kabytaev K. Protein glycation in diabetes mellitus. Adv Clin Chem 2023; 113:101-156. [PMID: 36858645 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the ninth leading cause of mortality worldwide. It is a complex disease that manifests as chronic hyperglycemia. Glucose exposure causes biochemical changes at the proteome level as reflected in accumulation of glycated proteins. A prominent example is hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), a glycated protein widely accepted as a diabetic indicator. Another emerging biomarker is glycated albumin which has demonstrated utility in situations where HbA1c cannot be used. Other proteins undergo glycation as well thus impacting cellular function, transport and immune response. Accordingly, these glycated counterparts may serve as predictors for diabetic complications and thus warrant further inquiry. Fortunately, modern proteomics has provided unique analytic capability to enable improved and more comprehensive exploration of glycating agents and glycated proteins. This review broadly covers topics from epidemiology of diabetes to modern analytical tools such as mass spectrometry to facilitate a better understanding of diabetes pathophysiology. This serves as an attempt to connect clinically relevant questions with findings of recent proteomic studies to suggest future avenues of diabetes research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleks Shin
- Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Shawn Connolly
- Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Kuanysh Kabytaev
- Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
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10
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Zhang JJ, Sánchez Vidaña DI, Chan JNM, Hui ESK, Lau KK, Wang X, Lau BWM, Fong KNK. Biomarkers for prognostic functional recovery poststroke: A narrative review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1062807. [PMID: 36699006 PMCID: PMC9868572 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1062807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective: Prediction of poststroke recovery can be expressed by prognostic biomarkers that are related to the pathophysiology of stroke at the cellular and molecular level as well as to the brain structural and functional reserve after stroke at the systems neuroscience level. This study aimed to review potential biomarkers that can predict poststroke functional recovery. Methods: A narrative review was conducted to qualitatively summarize the current evidence on biomarkers used to predict poststroke functional recovery. Results: Neurophysiological measurements and neuroimaging of the brain and a wide diversity of molecules had been used as prognostic biomarkers to predict stroke recovery. Neurophysiological studies using resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) revealed an interhemispheric asymmetry, driven by an increase in low-frequency oscillation and a decrease in high-frequency oscillation in the ipsilesional hemisphere relative to the contralesional side, which was indicative of individual recovery potential. The magnitude of somatosensory evoked potentials and event-related desynchronization elicited by movement in task-related EEG was positively associated with the quantity of recovery. Besides, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies revealed the potential values of using motor-evoked potentials (MEP) and TMS-evoked EEG potentials from the ipsilesional motor cortex as prognostic biomarkers. Brain structures measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been implicated in stroke outcome prediction. Specifically, the damage to the corticospinal tract (CST) and anatomical motor connections disrupted by stroke lesion predicted motor recovery. In addition, a wide variety of molecular, genetic, and epigenetic biomarkers, including hemostasis, inflammation, tissue remodeling, apoptosis, oxidative stress, infection, metabolism, brain-derived, neuroendocrine, and cardiac biomarkers, etc., were associated with poor functional outcomes after stroke. However, challenges such as mixed evidence and analytical concerns such as specificity and sensitivity have to be addressed before including molecular biomarkers in routine clinical practice. Conclusion: Potential biomarkers with prognostic values for the prediction of functional recovery after stroke have been identified; however, a multimodal approach of biomarkers for prognostic prediction has rarely been studied in the literature. Future studies may incorporate a combination of multiple biomarkers from big data and develop algorithms using data mining methods to predict the recovery potential of patients after stroke in a more precise way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Jackie Ngai-Man Chan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Edward S. K. Hui
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kui Kai Lau
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Benson W. M. Lau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kenneth N. K. Fong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Abstract
Insulin is the key anabolic hormone of metabolism, with clear effects on glycaemia. Near-complete insulin deficiency occurs in type 1 diabetes (T1D), the predominant form affecting children, and uniformly fatal until the discovery of insulin. By the early 20th century, it was known that T1D was caused by the lack of a factor from pancreatic islets, but isolation of this substance proved elusive. In 1921, an unusual team in Toronto comprising a surgeon, a medical student, a physiologist and a biochemist successfully isolated a glucose-lowering pancreatic endocrine secretion. They treated an emaciated 14-year-old boy in 1922, restoring his health and allowing him to live for another 13 years. Thus began an era of remarkable progress and partnership between academia and the pharmaceutical industry to produce drugs that benefit sick people. The Toronto team received the 1923 Nobel Prize, and more Nobel Prizes for work with insulin followed: for elucidation of its amino acid sequence and crystalline structure, and for its role in the development of radioimmunoassays to measure circulating hormone concentrations. Human insulin was the first hormone synthesised by recombinant methods, permitting modifications to enable improved absorption rates and alterations in duration of action. Coupled with delivery via insulin pens, programmable pumps and continuous glucose monitors, metabolic control and quality of life vastly improved and T1D in children was converted from uniformly fatal to a manageable chronic condition. We describe this remarkable ongoing story as insulin remains a paradigm for human ingenuity to heal nature's maladies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Rogol
- Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Lori M Laffel
- Pediatric, Adolescent and Young Adult Section, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce Bode
- Atlanta Diabetes Associates, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mark A Sperling
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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12
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Kang M, Li W. Time-in-range: a promising glycemic control metric for bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2022; 18:1416-1423. [PMID: 36089462 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
As a complication of obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease that is difficult to manage. However, bariatric surgery makes it possible to alleviate T2D. While the existing generic index glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a powerful tool for examining overall blood glucose levels, it still has some limitations as a daily measure of blood glucose levels and as a judge of the effectiveness of bariatric surgery. Using the time-in-range (TIR) measurement and its derivatives is a better way to evaluate short-term blood glucose fluctuations and can be used as a supplement to HbA1c. In this article, we discuss the utility and limitations of HbA1c and other indicators used during surgery. In addition, we mentioned TIR as a novel metric that can act as an accurate predictor of the risk of T2D complications and an index of preoperative risk assessment in bariatric surgery. In contrast to previous indicators, TIR has the advantage that it cannot be affected by caloric restriction to better reflect the patient's glucose level and the level of pancreatic islet function. On this basis, TIR is a promising indicator for both the diagnosis of diabetes and the preoperative and postoperative prediction and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Kang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weizheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Kuzina IA, Goncharova EV, Martirosian NS, Telnova ME, Nedosugova LV, Tulsky AA, Petunina NA. Historical aspects of diagnosis and control of diabetes mellitus. TERAPEVT ARKH 2022; 94:1216-1220. [DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2022.10.201890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases affecting carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. This pathology has a long history, and it was considered a disease of the kidneys until the middle of the 19th century. Descriptions have been found in Egyptian papyri, in ancient Indian and Chinese medical literature, in the writings of ancient Greek and Arab doctors. Aretaeus of Cappadocia gave the first accurate description of the disease, coining the term diabetes. Thomas Willis first differentiated diabetes from other causes of polyuria by the sweet taste of urine. Matthew Dobson proved the presence of glucose in urine by evaporation. Claude Bernard demonstrated that hyperglycemia contributes to glucosuria. This is how the concept of the renal threshold appeared. In domestic practice, the term "renal threshold" was introduced by endocrinologist V.G. Baranov. The development of qualitative tests for determining glucose in the urine, the creation of test strips and glucometers has significantly improved the quality of life of patients with diabetes. The current stage of development of glucometry includes the determination of fasting plasma glucose, postprandial glycemia, glycated hemoglobin, as well as continuous glucose monitoring. Continuous glucose monitoring systems make it possible to estimate the time in target range, show the rate of rise or fall of glucose levels. It affects the rate and degree of carbohydrate metabolism compensation and allows for maximum control of the disease.
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14
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Noviana E, Siswanto S, Budi Hastuti AAM. Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors for Determination of Glycated Hemoglobin. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:CTMC-EPUB-126335. [PMID: 36111762 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220915114646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a major public health burden whose prevalence has been steadily increasing over the past decades. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is currently the gold standard for diagnostics and monitoring glycemic control in diabetes patients. HbA1c biosensors are often considered to be cost-effective alternatives for smaller testing laboratories or clinics unable to access other reference methods. Many of these sensors deploy nanomaterials as recognition elements, detection labels, and/or transducers for achieving sensitive and selective detection of HbA1c. Nanomaterials have emerged as important sensor components due to their excellent optical and electrical properties, tunable morphologies, and easy integration into multiple sensing platforms. In this review, we discuss the advantages of using nanomaterials to construct HbA1c sensors and various sensing strategies for HbA1c measurements. Key gaps between the current technologies with what is needed moving forward are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eka Noviana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
- Research Center for Drug Targeting and Personalized Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
| | - Soni Siswanto
- Research Center for Drug Targeting and Personalized Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
| | - Agustina Ari Murti Budi Hastuti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence Institute for Halal Industry and Systems (PUI-PT IHIS), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
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15
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Luo Y, Zhang J, Ho CT, Li S. Management of Maillard reaction-derived reactive carbonyl species and advanced glycation end products by tea and tea polyphenols. Food Science and Human Wellness 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Twarda-Clapa A, Olczak A, Białkowska AM, Koziołkiewicz M. Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs): Formation, Chemistry, Classification, Receptors, and Diseases Related to AGEs. Cells 2022; 11:1312. [PMID: 35455991 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) constitute a non-homogenous, chemically diverse group of compounds formed either exogeneously or endogeneously on the course of various pathways in the human body. In general, they are formed non-enzymatically by condensation between carbonyl groups of reducing sugars and free amine groups of nucleic acids, proteins, or lipids, followed by further rearrangements yielding stable, irreversible end-products. In the last decades, AGEs have aroused the interest of the scientific community due to the increasing evidence of their involvement in many pathophysiological processes and diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative diseases, and even infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. They are recognized by several cellular receptors and trigger many signaling pathways related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Despite many experimental research outcomes published recently, the complexity of their engagement in human physiology and pathophysiological states requires further elucidation. This review focuses on the receptors of AGEs, especially on the structural aspects of receptor-ligand interaction, and the diseases in which AGEs are involved. It also aims to present AGE classification in subgroups and to describe the basic processes leading to both exogeneous and endogeneous AGE formation.
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17
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Hoffmann AP, Honigberg MC. Glycated Hemoglobin as an Integrator of Cardiovascular Risk in Individuals Without Diabetes: Lessons from Recent Epidemiologic Studies. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2022; 24:435-442. [PMID: 35386092 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-022-01024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Prediabetes, or dysglycemia in the absence of diabetes, is a prevalent condition typically defined by a glycated hemoglobin (HgbA1c) of 5.7- < 6.5%. This article reviews current contemporary data examining the association between prediabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) as well as HgbA1c as a continuous measure of cardiovascular risk across the glycemic spectrum. RECENT FINDINGS Dysglycemia in the prediabetic range is associated with an increased risk of both subclinical and clinical CVD, including atherosclerotic CVD, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure. Several recent large, prospective studies demonstrate roughly linear risk with increasing HgbA1c, even below the threshold for prediabetes. "High-risk" patients with prediabetes have similar CVD risk as those with diabetes. HgbA1c below the threshold for diabetes stratifies CVD risk. Use of HgbA1c as a continuous measure, rather than simply dichotomized, may inform current and future prevention strategies. Given the high population attributable risk associated with prediabetes, targeted prevention strategies in this population warrant dedicated study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Hoffmann
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Michael C Honigberg
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, Boston, 02114, USA.
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18
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Gomez-Peralta F, Choudhary P, Cosson E, Irace C, Rami-Merhar B, Seibold A. Understanding the clinical implications of differences between glucose management indicator and glycated haemoglobin. Diabetes Obes Metab 2022; 24:599-608. [PMID: 34984825 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory measured glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is the gold standard for assessing glycaemic control in people with diabetes and correlates with their risk of long-term complications. The emergence of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has highlighted limitations of HbA1c testing. HbA1c can only be reviewed infrequently and can mask the risk of hypoglycaemia or extreme glucose fluctuations. While CGM provides insights in to the risk of hypoglycaemia as well as daily fluctuations of glucose, it can also be used to calculate an estimated HbA1c that has been used as a substitute for laboratory HbA1c. However, it is evident that estimated HbA1c and HbA1c values can differ widely. The glucose management indicator (GMI), calculated exclusively from CGM data, has been proposed. It uses the same scale (% or mmol/mol) as HbA1c, but is based on short-term average glucose values, rather than long-term glucose exposure. HbA1c and GMI values differ in up to 81% of individuals by more than ±0.1% and by more than ±0.3% in 51% of cases. Here, we review the factors that define these differences, such as the time period being assessed, the variation in glycation rates and factors such as anaemia and haemoglobinopathies. Recognizing and understanding the factors that cause differences between HbA1c and GMI is an important clinical skill. In circumstances when HbA1c is elevated above GMI, further attempts at intensification of therapy based solely on the HbA1c value may increase the risk of hypoglycaemia. The observed difference between GMI and HbA1c also informs the important question about the predictive ability of GMI regarding long-term complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pratik Choudhary
- Leicester Diabetes Centre - Bloom, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Emmanuel Cosson
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, AP-HP, Avicenne Hospital, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France
- Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR U557 INSERM/U11125 INRAE/CNAM/Université Paris13, Unité de Recherche Epidémiologique Nutritionnelle, Bobigny, France
| | - Concetta Irace
- Department of Health Science, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Birgit Rami-Merhar
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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19
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Pinto RS, Minanni CA, de Araújo Lira AL, Passarelli M. Advanced Glycation End Products: A Sweet Flavor That Embitters Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2404. [PMID: 35269546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies demonstrate the role of early and intensive glycemic control in the prevention of micro and macrovascular disease in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Hyperglycemia elicits several pathways related to the etiopathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including the generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In this review, we revisit the role played by AGEs in CVD based in clinical trials and experimental evidence. Mechanistic aspects concerning the recognition of AGEs by the advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor (AGER) and its counterpart, the dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycosyltransferase (DDOST) and soluble AGER are discussed. A special focus is offered to the AGE-elicited pathways that promote cholesterol accumulation in the arterial wall by enhanced oxidative stress, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress and impairment in the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT).
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20
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Aydin E, Dhar P, Gokhale M, Chong L, Azizoglu S, Suphioglu C. A Review of Emerging Tear Proteomics Research on the Ocular Surface in Ocular Allergy. Biology 2022; 11:biology11020312. [PMID: 35205178 PMCID: PMC8869539 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ocular allergy is an immunoglobulin E-mediated Type I hypersensitivity reaction localised to the ocular surface and surrounding tissues. Primary signs and symptoms of ocular allergy include itching, redness, irritation and inflammation. Eye-rubbing caused by itching has been shown to alter ocular surface protein concentrations in conditions linked to ocular allergy such as keratoconus. In keratoconus, the cornea begins to thin and sag over time, leading to progressive vision loss and blindness in severe conditions. Due to the high incidence of ocular allergy sufferers rubbing their eyes in response to symptoms of itching, the protein landscape of the ocular surface may be significantly altered. Differential protein expression caused by long-term inflammation and eye-rubbing may lead to subsequent changes in ocular surface structure and function over time. This review aims to summarise and explore the findings of current ocular allergy proteome research conducted using techniques such as gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry and lab-on-a-chip proteomics. Proteins of interest for this review include differentially expressed immunoglobulins, mucins, functional proteins, enzymes and proteins with previously uncharacterised roles in ocular allergy. Additionally, potential applications of this research are addressed in terms of diagnostics, drug development and future research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esrin Aydin
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia;
- Deakin Optometry, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia; (M.G.); (L.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Poshmaal Dhar
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia;
| | - Moneisha Gokhale
- Deakin Optometry, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia; (M.G.); (L.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Luke Chong
- Deakin Optometry, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia; (M.G.); (L.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Serap Azizoglu
- Deakin Optometry, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia; (M.G.); (L.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Cenk Suphioglu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-522-72886
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21
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Snelson M, Lucut E, Coughlan MT. The Role of AGE-RAGE Signalling as a Modulator of Gut Permeability in Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1766. [PMID: 35163688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence for the role of intestinal permeability as a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of diabetes; however, the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Advanced glycation endproducts, of both exogenous and endogenous origin, have been shown to play a role in diabetes pathophysiology, in part by their ligation to the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE), leading to a proinflammatory signalling cascade. RAGE signalling has been demonstrated to play a role in the development of intestinal inflammation and permeability in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. In this review, we explore the role of AGE-RAGE signalling and intestinal permeability and explore whether activation of RAGE on the intestinal epithelium may be a downstream event contributing to the pathogenesis of diabetes complications.
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22
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Chrysanthou M, Miro Estruch I, Rietjens IMCM, Wichers HJ, Hoppenbrouwers T. In Vitro Methodologies to Study the Role of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) in Neurodegeneration. Nutrients 2022; 14:363. [PMID: 35057544 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can be present in food or be endogenously produced in biological systems. Their formation has been associated with chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The implication of AGEs in neurodegeneration is related to their ability to bind to AGE-specific receptors and the ability of their precursors to induce the so-called “dicarbonyl stress”, resulting in cross-linking and protein damage. However, the mode of action underlying their role in neurodegeneration remains unclear. While some research has been carried out in observational clinical studies, further in vitro studies may help elucidate these underlying modes of action. This review presents and discusses in vitro methodologies used in research on the potential role of AGEs in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. The overview reveals the main concepts linking AGEs to neurodegeneration, the current findings, and the available and advisable in vitro models to study their role. Moreover, the major questions regarding the role of AGEs in neurodegenerative diseases and the challenges and discrepancies in the research field are discussed.
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23
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Hilborne LH, Bi C, Radcliff J, Kroll MH, Kaufman HW. Contributions of Glucose and Hemoglobin A1c Measurements in Diabetes Screening. Am J Clin Pathol 2022; 157:1-4. [PMID: 34463337 PMCID: PMC8742979 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Given the long-term consequences of untreated diabetes, patients benefit from timely diagnoses. Payer policies often recognize glucose but not hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) for diabetes screening. This study evaluates the different information that glucose and HbA1c provide for diabetes screening. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of national clinical laboratory testing during 2020 when glucose and HbA1c were ordered for routine diabetes screening, excluding patients with known diabetes, out-of-range glucose, or metabolic syndrome. Results Of 15.47 million glucose and HbA1c tests ordered simultaneously, 672,467 (4.35%) met screening inclusion criteria; 116,585 (17.3%) were excluded because of diabetes-related conditions or the specimen was nonfasting, leaving 555,882 result pairs. More than 1 in 4 patients 60 years of age or older with glucose within range had an elevated HbA1c level. HbA1c claims were denied more often for Medicare beneficiaries (38,918/65,273 [59.6%]) than for other health plans combined (23,234/291,764 [8.0%]). Conclusions Although many health plans do not cover HbA1c testing for diabetes screening, more than 1 in 4 glucose screening patients 60 years of age or older with an in-range glucose result had a concurrent elevated HbA1c result. Guideline developers and health plans should explicitly recognize that glucose and HbA1c provide complementary information and together offer improved clinical utility for diabetes screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee H Hilborne
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Quest Diagnostics, Secaucus, NJ, USA
| | - Caixia Bi
- Quest Diagnostics, Secaucus, NJ, USA
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24
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Forgrave LM, Wang M, Yang D, DeMarco ML. Proteoforms and their expanding role in laboratory medicine. Pract Lab Med 2022; 28:e00260. [PMID: 34950758 PMCID: PMC8672040 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2021.e00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The term “proteoforms” describes the range of different structures of a protein product of a single gene, including variations in amino acid sequence and post-translational modifications. This diversity in protein structure contributes to the biological complexity observed in living organisms. As the concentration of a particular proteoform may increase or decrease in abnormal physiological states, proteoforms have long been used in medicine as biomarkers of health and disease. Notably, the analytical approaches used to analyze proteoforms have evolved considerably over the years. While ligand binding methods continue to play a large role in proteoform measurement in the clinical laboratory, unanticipated or unknown post-translational modifications and sequence variants can upend even extensively tested and vetted assays that have successfully made it through the medical regulatory process. As an alternate approach, mass spectrometry—with its high molecular selectivity—has become an essential tool in detection, characterization, and quantification of proteoforms in biological fluids and tissues. This review explores the analytical techniques used for proteoform detection and quantification, with an emphasis on mass spectrometry and its various applications in clinical research and patient care including, revealing new biomarker targets, helping improve the design of contemporary ligand binding in vitro diagnostics, and as mass spectrometric laboratory developed tests used in routine patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Forgrave
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mari L. DeMarco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Corresponding author. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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25
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Yang JJ, Grissa D, Lambert CG, Bologa CG, Mathias SL, Waller A, Wild DJ, Jensen LJ, Oprea TI. TIGA: target illumination GWAS analytics. Bioinformatics 2021; 37:3865-3873. [PMID: 34086846 PMCID: PMC11025677 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Genome-wide association studies can reveal important genotype-phenotype associations; however, data quality and interpretability issues must be addressed. For drug discovery scientists seeking to prioritize targets based on the available evidence, these issues go beyond the single study. RESULTS Here, we describe rational ranking, filtering and interpretation of inferred gene-trait associations and data aggregation across studies by leveraging existing curation and harmonization efforts. Each gene-trait association is evaluated for confidence, with scores derived solely from aggregated statistics, linking a protein-coding gene and phenotype. We propose a method for assessing confidence in gene-trait associations from evidence aggregated across studies, including a bibliometric assessment of scientific consensus based on the iCite relative citation ratio, and meanRank scores, to aggregate multivariate evidence.This method, intended for drug target hypothesis generation, scoring and ranking, has been implemented as an analytical pipeline, available as open source, with public datasets of results, and a web application designed for usability by drug discovery scientists. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Web application, datasets and source code via https://unmtid-shinyapps.net/tiga/. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy J Yang
- Division of Translational Informatics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Integrative Data Science Laboratory, School of Informatics, Computing and Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA
| | - Dhouha Grissa
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Christophe G Lambert
- Division of Translational Informatics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Cristian G Bologa
- Division of Translational Informatics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Stephen L Mathias
- Division of Translational Informatics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Anna Waller
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - David J Wild
- Integrative Data Science Laboratory, School of Informatics, Computing and Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA
| | - Lars Juhl Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Tudor I Oprea
- Division of Translational Informatics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
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Sivasankar S, Cheng AL, Lubin IM, Lankachandra K, Hoffman MA. Use of large scale EHR data to evaluate A1c utilization among sickle cell disease patients. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2021; 21:268. [PMID: 34537047 PMCID: PMC8449923 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-021-01632-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glycated hemoglobin (A1c) test is not recommended for sickle cell disease (SCD) patients. We examine ordering patterns of diabetes-related tests for SCD patients to explore misutilization of tests among this underserved population. METHODS We used de-identified electronic health record (EHR) data in the Cerner Health Facts™ (HF) data warehouse to evaluate the frequency of A1c and fructosamine tests during 2010 to 2016, for 37,151 SCD patients from 393 healthcare facilities across the United States. After excluding facilities with no A1c data, we defined three groups of facilities based on the prevalence of SCD patients with A1c test(s): adherent facilities (no SCD patients with A1c test(s)), minor non-adherent facilities, major non-adherent facilities. RESULTS We determined that 11% of SCD patients (3927 patients) treated at 393 facilities in the US received orders for at least one A1c test. Of the 3927 SCD patients with an A1c test, only 89 patients (2.3%) received an order for a fructosamine test. At the minor non-adherent facilities, 5% of the SCD patients received an A1c test while 58% of the SCD patients at the least adherent facilities had at least one A1c test. Overall, the percent of A1c tests ordered for SCD patients between 2010 and 2016 remained similar. CONCLUSIONS Inappropriate A1c test orders among a sickle cell population is a significant quality gap. Interventions to advance adoption of professional recommendations that advocate for alternate tests, such as fructosamine, can guide clinicians in test selection to reduce this quality gap are discussed. The informatics strategy used in this work can inform other largescale analyses of lab test utilization using de-identified EHR data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Sivasankar
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Children's Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gilham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - An-Lin Cheng
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Ira M Lubin
- Division of Laboratory Systems, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kamani Lankachandra
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Children's Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gilham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Mark A Hoffman
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA.
- Children's Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gilham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
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Sharma G, Bhattacharya R, Krishna S, Alomar SY, Alkhuriji AF, Warepam M, Kumari K, Rahaman H, Singh LR. Structural and Functional Characterization of Covalently Modified Proteins Formed By a Glycating Agent, Glyoxal. ACS Omega 2021; 6:20887-20894. [PMID: 34423196 PMCID: PMC8374913 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycation, the main consequence of hyperglycemia, is one of the major perpetrators of diabetes and several other conditions, including coronary and neurodegenerative complications. Such a hyperglycemic condition is represented by a large increase in levels of various glycation end products including glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and carboxymethyl-lysine among others. These glycation end products are known to play a crucial role in diabetic complications due to their ability to covalently modify important proteins and enzymes, specifically at lysine residues (a process termed as glycation), making them non-functional. Previous studies have largely paid attention on characterization and identification of these reactive glycating agents. Structural and functional consequences of proteins affected by glycation have not yet been critically investigated. We have made a systematic investigation on the early conformational changes and functional alterations brought about by a glycating agent, glyoxal, on different proteins. We found that the early event in glycation includes an increase in hydrodynamic diameter, followed by minor structural alterations sufficient to impair enzyme activity. The study indicates the importance of glyoxal-induced early structural alteration of proteins toward the pathophysiology of hyperglycemia/diabetes and associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurumayum
Suraj Sharma
- Department
of Botany, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi 110095, India
| | - Reshmee Bhattacharya
- Dr.
B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Snigdha Krishna
- Dr.
B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Suliman Y. Alomar
- Doping
Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrah F. Alkhuriji
- Department
of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud
University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marina Warepam
- Department
of Biotechnology, Manipur University, Imphal, Manipur 795003, India
| | - Kritika Kumari
- Dr.
B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Hamidur Rahaman
- Department
of Biotechnology, Manipur University, Imphal, Manipur 795003, India
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Kasmi C, Amri Y, Hadj-Fredj S, Oueslati S, Dabboussi M, Mahjoub R, Hammami S, Aljane I, Mami FB, Jamoussi H, Messaoud T, Bibi A. Analysis of δ-globin gene alleles in Tunisians: description of three new delta-thalassemia mutations. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5923-5933. [PMID: 34341901 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06592-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thalassemia is one of the most prevalent worldwide autosomal recessive disorders characterized by a great molecular and clinical expression heterogeneity. Alpha and beta-thalassemia are the main two types observed in case of mutations affecting alpha and beta-globin genes respectively. Delta-thalassemia is noted when mutations occur on the delta-globin gene. In Tunisia, β-thalassemia prevalence is estimated at 2.21% of carriers. However, few reports investigated the delta-globin gene. OBJECTIVES In this work, we aimed to perform a molecular study to help define the molecular spectrum of δ-thalassemia mutations in Tunisia. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study involved 7558 patients among whom we selected 179 individuals with abnormal HbA2 values or fractions. Hemoglobin analysis was performed using Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). DNA sequencing was performed on ABI prism 310 Genetic Analyzer Applied Biosystems. CUPSAT (Cologne University Protein Stability Analysis Tool) was used for the prediction of protein stability changes upon missense mutations and mutants were modeled via DeepView-SwissPdbViewer and POV-Ray softwares for molecular dynamics simulation studies. RESULTS We identified four mutations: HbA2-Yialousa described for the first time in Tunisia ( in 72.72% of cases) and 3 mutations reported for the first time in the world: (i) c.442 T > C Stop147Arg ext 15aa-stop observed in 18.18% of cases, (ii) c.187 G > C (Ala62Pro) noted in 4.54% of cases and (iii) c.93-1G > C found in 4.54% of cases. CONCLUSION Our data provide genetic basis that would be especially useful in screening for beta-thalassemia trait during delta-beta thalassemia associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaima Kasmi
- Research Unit UR17SP01Laboratory of Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology Applied To the Study of Hyperlipoproteinemias, Diabetes and Hormones, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, 11 Street Jebel Lakhdar, Bab Saadoun, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Yessine Amri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Laboratory LR00SP03, BéchirHamza Children's Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sondess Hadj-Fredj
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Laboratory LR00SP03, BéchirHamza Children's Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Oueslati
- Research Unit UR17SP01Laboratory of Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology Applied To the Study of Hyperlipoproteinemias, Diabetes and Hormones, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, 11 Street Jebel Lakhdar, Bab Saadoun, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Malek Dabboussi
- Research Unit UR17SP01Laboratory of Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology Applied To the Study of Hyperlipoproteinemias, Diabetes and Hormones, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, 11 Street Jebel Lakhdar, Bab Saadoun, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rahma Mahjoub
- Research Unit UR17SP01Laboratory of Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology Applied To the Study of Hyperlipoproteinemias, Diabetes and Hormones, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, 11 Street Jebel Lakhdar, Bab Saadoun, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sana Hammami
- Research Unit UR17SP01Laboratory of Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology Applied To the Study of Hyperlipoproteinemias, Diabetes and Hormones, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, 11 Street Jebel Lakhdar, Bab Saadoun, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Imen Aljane
- Research Unit UR17SP01Laboratory of Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology Applied To the Study of Hyperlipoproteinemias, Diabetes and Hormones, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, 11 Street Jebel Lakhdar, Bab Saadoun, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Faika Ben Mami
- Department of Nutritional Diseases C, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Henda Jamoussi
- Obesity Research Unit, Department of Nutritional Diseases A, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Taieb Messaoud
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Laboratory LR00SP03, BéchirHamza Children's Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amina Bibi
- Research Unit UR17SP01Laboratory of Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology Applied To the Study of Hyperlipoproteinemias, Diabetes and Hormones, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, 11 Street Jebel Lakhdar, Bab Saadoun, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
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Suwattipong M, Thuramonwong T, Tantipoj C, Fuangtharnthip P, Thanakun S, Khovidhunkit W, Khovidhunkit SP. Comparison of Point-of-Care Testing and Hospital-Based Methods in Screening for Potential Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Abnormal Glucose Regulation in a Dental Setting. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:6459. [PMID: 34203697 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the screening methods between point-of-care (POC) testing and hospital-based methods for potential type 2 DM and abnormal glucose regulation (AGR) in a dental setting. A total of 274 consecutive subjects who attended the Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, were selected. Demographic data were collected. HbA1c was assessed using a finger prick blood sample and analyzed with a point-of-care (POC) testing machine (DCA Vantage®). Hyperglycemia was defined as POC HbA1c ≥ 5.7%. Random blood glucose (RBG) was also evaluated using a glucometer (OneTouch® SelectSimple™) and hyperglycemia was defined as RBG ≥ 110 mg/dl or ≥140 mg/dl. The subjects were then sent for laboratory measurements for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1c. The prevalence of AGR (defined as FPG ≥ 100 mg/dl or laboratory HbA1c ≥ 5.7%) and potential type 2 DM (defined as FPG ≥ 126 mg/dl or laboratory HbA1c ≥ 6.5%) among subjects was calculated and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed using FPG and HbA1c for the diagnosis of AGR and potential type 2 DM. The prevalence of hyperglycemia defined as POC HbA1c ≥ 5.7%, RBG ≥ 110 mg/dl, and RBG ≥ 140 mg/dl was 49%, 63%, and 32%, respectively. After the evaluation using laboratory measurements, the prevalence of AGR was 25% and 17% using laboratory FPG and HbA1c criteria, respectively. Based on the ROC curves, the performances of POC HbA1c and RBG in predicting FPG-defined potential type 2 DM were high (AUC = 0.99; 95% CI 0.98–0.99 and AUC = 0.94; 95% CI 0.86–1.0, respectively) but lower in predicting AGR (AUC = 0.72; 95% CI 0.67–0.78 and AUC = 0.65; 95% CI 0.59–0.70, respectively). This study suggested that POC testing might be a potential tool for screening of subjects with potential type 2 DM in a dental setting.
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Wu YT, Zhang CJ, Mol BW, Kawai A, Li C, Chen L, Wang Y, Sheng JZ, Fan JX, Shi Y, Huang HF. Early Prediction of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the Chinese Population via Advanced Machine Learning. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e1191-e1205. [PMID: 33351102 PMCID: PMC7947802 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Accurate methods for early gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (during the first trimester of pregnancy) prediction in Chinese and other populations are lacking. OBJECTIVES This work aimed to establish effective models to predict early GDM. METHODS Pregnancy data for 73 variables during the first trimester were extracted from the electronic medical record system. Based on a machine learning (ML)-driven feature selection method, 17 variables were selected for early GDM prediction. To facilitate clinical application, 7 variables were selected from the 17-variable panel. Advanced ML approaches were then employed using the 7-variable data set and the 73-variable data set to build models predicting early GDM for different situations, respectively. RESULTS A total of 16 819 and 14 992 cases were included in the training and testing sets, respectively. Using 73 variables, the deep neural network model achieved high discriminative power, with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.80. The 7-variable logistic regression (LR) model also achieved effective discriminate power (AUC = 0.77). Low body mass index (BMI) (≤ 17) was related to an increased risk of GDM, compared to a BMI in the range of 17 to 18 (minimum risk interval) (11.8% vs 8.7%, P = .09). Total 3,3,5'-triiodothyronine (T3) and total thyroxin (T4) were superior to free T3 and free T4 in predicting GDM. Lipoprotein(a) was demonstrated a promising predictive value (AUC = 0.66). CONCLUSIONS We employed ML models that achieved high accuracy in predicting GDM in early pregnancy. A clinically cost-effective 7-variable LR model was simultaneously developed. The relationship of GDM with thyroxine and BMI was investigated in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ting Wu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen-Jie Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ben Willem Mol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Andrew Kawai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Cheng Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Sheng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Xia Fan
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence: He-Feng Huang, MD, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 910, Hengshan Rd, Shanghai, 200030, China. ; or Yi Shi, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Rd, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - He-Feng Huang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence: He-Feng Huang, MD, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 910, Hengshan Rd, Shanghai, 200030, China. ; or Yi Shi, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Rd, Shanghai 200030, China.
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Kosmachevskaya OV, Novikova NN, Topunov AF. Carbonyl Stress in Red Blood Cells and Hemoglobin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:253. [PMID: 33562243 PMCID: PMC7914924 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The paper overviews the peculiarities of carbonyl stress in nucleus-free mammal red blood cells (RBCs). Some functional features of RBCs make them exceptionally susceptible to reactive carbonyl compounds (RCC) from both blood plasma and the intracellular environment. In the first case, these compounds arise from the increased concentrations of glucose or ketone bodies in blood plasma, and in the second-from a misbalance in the glycolysis regulation. RBCs are normally exposed to RCC-methylglyoxal (MG), triglycerides-in blood plasma of diabetes patients. MG modifies lipoproteins and membrane proteins of RBCs and endothelial cells both on its own and with reactive oxygen species (ROS). Together, these phenomena may lead to arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, hemolytic anemia, vascular occlusion, local ischemia, and hypercoagulation phenotype formation. ROS, reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and RCC might also damage hemoglobin (Hb), the most common protein in the RBC cytoplasm. It was Hb with which non-enzymatic glycation was first shown in living systems under physiological conditions. Glycated HbA1c is used as a very reliable and useful diagnostic marker. Studying the impacts of MG, ROS, and RNS on the physiological state of RBCs and Hb is of undisputed importance for basic and applied science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Kosmachevskaya
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia;
| | | | - Alexey F. Topunov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia;
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Harris NS, Weaver KD, Beal SG, Winter WE. The Interaction between Hb A1C and Selected Genetic Factors in the African American Population in the USA. J Appl Lab Med 2020; 6:167-179. [PMID: 33367812 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaa202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus has been growing in recent decades and the complications of longstanding type 2 diabetes continue to place a burden on healthcare systems. The hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c) content of the blood is used to assess an individual's degree of glycemic control averaged over 2 to 3 months. In the USA, diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death. Black, indigenous, people of color (BIPOC) are disproportionately affected by diabetes compared to non-Hispanic whites. There are many reports of interaction of Hb A1c and hematologic conditions that have a high prevalence in the Black population; some of these effects are contradictory and not easily explained. This review attempts to document and categorize these apparently disparate effects and to assess any clinical impact. METHODS Hb A1C can be determined by a variety of techniques including cation-exchange chromatography, electrophoresis, immunoassays, and affinity chromatography. The amount of Hb A1c present in a patient specimen depends not only on blood glucose but is strongly influenced by erythrocyte survival and by structural variations in the globin chains. Sickling hemoglobinopathies are well-represented in the USA in African Americans and the effects of these hemoglobin disorders as well as G6PD deficiency is examined. CONCLUSION Hb A1c measurement should always be performed with a cautious approach. The laboratory scientist should be aware of possible pitfalls in unquestioningly determining Hb A1c without a consideration of hematologic factors, both inherited and acquired. This presents a challenge as often times, the laboratory is not aware of the patient's race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil S Harris
- Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Kaitlin D Weaver
- Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Stacy G Beal
- Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - William E Winter
- Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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Wright EE, Morgan K, Fu DK, Wilkins N, Guffey WJ. Time in Range: How to Measure It, How to Report It, and Its Practical Application in Clinical Decision-Making. Clin Diabetes 2020; 38:439-448. [PMID: 33384469 PMCID: PMC7755049 DOI: 10.2337/cd20-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The A1C metric has been the gold standard for assessing glycemia for decades. This biologic assay, based on averaging, is fraught with limitations and may be giving way to more holistic approaches. This article reviews glycemic time in range as the new standard for assessing patients with continuous glucose monitoring data. Information from the International Consensus Group on Time in Range will be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kayla Morgan
- Division of Pharmacy Services, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC
| | - Danny K. Fu
- Division of Pharmacy Services, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC
| | - Nick Wilkins
- Division of Pharmacy Services, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC
| | - William J. Guffey
- Charlotte Area Health Education Center, Charlotte, NC
- University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC
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Abstract
Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is considered the gold standard for predicting glycaemia-associated risks for the microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus over 5-10 years. The value of HbA1c in the care of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is unassailable, yet HbA1c targets remain contentious. Guidelines from diabetes care organizations recommend conflicting HbA1c targets - generally between 6.5% and 8%. However, all such organizations advocate for individualization of HbA1c targets, leaving both health-care providers and their patients confused about what HbA1c target is appropriate in an individual patient. In this Review, we outline the landmark T1DM and T2DM trials that informed the current guidelines, we discuss the evidence that drives individualized HbA1c targets, we examine the limitations of HbA1c, and we consider alternatives for monitoring glycaemic control. Ultimately, in synthesizing this literature, we argue for an HbA1c target of <7% for most individuals, but emphasize the importance of helping patients determine their own personal goals and determinants of quality of life that are independent of a particular glycaemic target. We also recognize that as newer technologies and anti-hyperglycaemic therapies emerge, glycaemic targets will continue to evolve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara R Klein
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - John B Buse
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Hörber S, Achenbach P, Schleicher E, Peter A. Harmonization of immunoassays for biomarkers in diabetes mellitus. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 39:107359. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Guadalupe Vargas M, Pazmiño Gomez BJ, Vera Lorenti FE, Álvarez Condo GM, Rodas Neira EI, Veron D, Fernández Veron M, Cercado AG, Bahar B, Tufro A, Veron D. Assessment of two glycated hemoglobin immunoassays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 67:297-303. [PMID: 31859182 DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level reflects chronic glycemic status if reliable tests are used, however, in some regions worldwide high performing assays might not be readily available. This study aimed to asses two HbA1c immunoassays, comparing them with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay, three methods available in Ecuador. MATERIAL AND METHODS HbA1c were measured in 114 fresh whole blood-samples by DCA-Vantage point-of-care analyzer, I-Chroma portable fluorescent scanner immunoassay and BioRad Variant II Turbo HPLC. Normal and pathological HbA1c ranges were included. Blood samples with variants of hemoglobin were excluded. HbA1c values were expressed in National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program percentages and mmol/mol, as mean±standard deviation. RESULTS HbA1c results by HPLC and DCA-Vantage were similar: 6.3±1.7% (45±18.6mmol/mol) vs. 6.3±1.8% (45±19.7mmol/mol), respectively, P=0.057; while HbA1c values by I-Chroma were lower than HPLC, 5.8±1.9% (40±20.8mmol/mol), P<0.001. The coefficient of variation was below 2% for high and low HbA1c levels, in all methods studied. HbA1c values by HPLC and DCA-Vantage were highly correlated (Spearman's Rank Correlation [SRC]: 0.916), while the correlation among HPLC and I-Chroma was weak (SRC: 0.368). The mean bias between DCA-Vantage and HPLC was -0.02±0.29% (-0.2±3.2mmol/mol), while for I-Chroma and HPLC mean bias was -0.50±1.62% (-5.5±17.7mmol/mol). CONCLUSION HbA1c immunoassays DCA-Vantage was comparable to HPLC assay, showing good correlation, appropriate precision and low bias, whereas I-Chroma assay was precise but inaccurate. Therefore, DCA-Vantage has better performance than I-Chroma. These findings suggest that is convenient to assess the HbA1c immunoassays commercially available in our country, Ecuador.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Guadalupe Vargas
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Estatal de Milagro, Milagro, Guayas, Ecuador
| | - B J Pazmiño Gomez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Estatal de Milagro, Milagro, Guayas, Ecuador
| | - F E Vera Lorenti
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Estatal de Milagro, Milagro, Guayas, Ecuador
| | - G M Álvarez Condo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Estatal de Milagro, Milagro, Guayas, Ecuador
| | - E I Rodas Neira
- Laboratorio Clínico y Microbiológico Pazmiño, Milagro, Guayas, Ecuador
| | - D Veron
- Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Escuela de Trabajo Social, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Fernández Veron
- Escuela de Diseño Industrial, Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseño y Urbanismo, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A G Cercado
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Estatal de Milagro, Milagro, Guayas, Ecuador
| | - B Bahar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Department of Pediatrics and Cell and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A Tufro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Department of Pediatrics and Cell and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - D Veron
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Estatal de Milagro, Milagro, Guayas, Ecuador.
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Srinagesh HK, Levine JE, Ferrara JL. Biomarkers in acute graft- versus-host disease: new insights. Ther Adv Hematol 2019; 10:2040620719891358. [PMID: 31839920 PMCID: PMC6893923 DOI: 10.1177/2040620719891358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a potentially curative therapy for hematologic malignancies that relies on the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect to eradicate malignant cells. GVL is tightly linked to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) however, in which donor T cells damage healthy host tissues. Acute GVHD occurs in nearly 50% of patients receiving HCT, and damages the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The organ stages are totaled in an overall grade (I-IV), and severe (grade III/IV) GVHD has a high mortality rate (50-70%). In the past decade, serum biomarkers have emerged as an additional potential measurement of acute GVHD severity. The discovery and validation of GVHD biomarkers is a principal objective of the Mount Sinai Acute GVHD International Consortium (MAGIC), a group of 25 HCT centers conducting GVHD research. MAGIC has validated an algorithm that combines two GI biomarkers (ST2 and REG3α) into a single value that estimates the probability of 6 month nonrelapse mortality (NRM) for individual patients, known as the MAGIC algorithm probability (MAP). The MAP reflects GI crypt damage and serves as a 'liquid biopsy' of the lower GI tract; it also predicts response to treatment and maximum GVHD severity and is now commercially available and widely used among scores of centers in clinical practice. The MAP is the focus of this review, with consideration of the categorization of types of biomarkers as defined by the United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John E. Levine
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - James L.M. Ferrara
- Hess Center for Science and Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, 6th Floor, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Shibata T, Uchida K. Protein adductomics: A comprehensive analysis of protein modifications by electrophiles. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 144:218-222. [PMID: 30853395 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human individuals are continually exposed to various exogenous and endogenous reactive electrophiles, which readily react with nucleophilic biomacromolecules, such as protein, and form a variety of covalent adducts. The covalent modifications of protein are thought to be involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Recently, the "adductome", a new concept that represents the totality of covalent adducts bound to nucleophilic biomolecules, has been offered as a useful technique for characterizing essentially all reactive electrophilic compounds in biological samples. The primary advantage of this approach is that non-targeted comprehensive analysis can readily be extended to investigate covalent adduct pattern of different situation of exposure and thereby makes it possible to detect/identify not only known but also unknown adducts. In this review, we provide a summary of the concept and methodology of protein adductomics, especially focusing on redox protein adductomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Shibata
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Koji Uchida
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, CREST, Tokyo, Japan.
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Inan-Eroglu E, Ayaz A, Buyuktuncer Z. Formation of advanced glycation endproducts in foods during cooking process and underlying mechanisms: a comprehensive review of experimental studies. Nutr Res Rev 2020; 33:77-89. [PMID: 31699165 DOI: 10.1017/S0954422419000209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) are a group of complex and heterogeneous molecules, sharing some common characteristics such as covalent cross-link formation among proteins, the effect of transforming the colour of food products into yellow-brown colours and fluorescence formation. AGE are linked to many diseases including diabetes, renal diseases, CVD, liver diseases, neuro-degenerative and eye disorders, female reproductive dysfunction, and even cancer. AGE are formed endogenously but are also provided from exogenous sources including diet and tobacco. Western diet, rich in processed and/or heat-treated foods, fat and sugar, increases the exposure to AGE. The foods that contain high levels of fat and protein are generally rich in terms of AGE, and are also prone to AGE formation during cooking compared with carbohydrate-rich foods such as vegetables, fruits, legumes and whole grains. The present article aimed to review the literature about the effects of different cooking methods and conditions on the AGE content of food and AGE formation mechanisms using a comprehensive approach.
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El Kamari V, Thomas A, Shan L, Sattar A, Monnier V, Howell SK, Beisswenger PJ, McComsey GA. Advanced Glycation End Products Are Associated With Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction in HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2019; 81:e55-e62. [PMID: 31095008 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) between HIV-infected patients and uninfected controls and assess the relationship between AGEs, HIV, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. DESIGN Cross-sectional study involving 90 individuals (68 HIV+ and 22 healthy controls matched by age and sex). METHODS AGE levels were assessed using 3 different modalities: free AGEs were measured in the serum, skin autofluorescence (AF) was determined with a noninvasive reader, and dietary AGEs were estimated using 24-hour dietary recalls. Markers of inflammation, immune activation, and endothelial dysfunction were also measured. Wilcoxon rank-sum and χ tests were used to compare AGEs between groups. Spearman correlations were used to explore relationships between variables while adjusting for different covariates. RESULTS Overall, 71% were men and 68% were African American, with a median age of 53 years. Among HIV-infected individuals, all participants were on antiretroviral therapy by design, and most participants (78%) had an undetectable HIV-1 RNA level (≤20 copies/mL). Skin AF and serum AGEs were significantly higher in HIV-infected participants compared with uninfected controls (P < 0.01), whereas no differences in dietary AGEs were found between groups (P = 0.2). In the HIV-infected group, but not in controls, skin AF and circulating AGEs were significantly associated with inflammatory and oxidative markers, and with markers of endothelial dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest intrinsic production of AGE in HIV-infected individuals. The relationship between serum/skin AGE and inflammatory, oxidative, and cardiovascular markers highlights the potential implications of AGEs in chronic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in HIV, suggesting a new potential target for HIV-associated heightened inflammation and cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa El Kamari
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Alicia Thomas
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | | | - Scott K Howell
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Prevent AGE Healthcare LLC, Lebanon, NH
| | - Paul J Beisswenger
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Prevent AGE Healthcare LLC, Lebanon, NH
| | - Grace A McComsey
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
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Qi J, Su Y, Song Q, Ding Z, Cao M, Cui B, Qi Y. Reconsidering the HbA1c Cutoff for Diabetes Diagnosis Based on a Large Chinese Cohort. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2019; 129:86-92. [PMID: 31039601 DOI: 10.1055/a-0833-8119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The HbA1c has been considered as the 'gold standard' in diabetes diagnosis and management, however, age, gender and body mass index (BMI) might have certain effects on HbA1c. We are aiming to further investigate the correlation between age and HbA1c, and whether it was affected by gender and BMI. METHODS A cross-sectional survey including 135,893 nondiabetic individuals who took the physical examination between 2013 and 2017 was conducted. The subjects were grouped by gender, age and BMI, and the interactive and independent effects of the 3 factors on the HbA1c were detected. The median and 95% confidence interval (CI) of HbA1c levels were calculated. RESULTS The HbA1c levels gradually increased along with age, both in female and male, and there is a positive association between BMI and the HbA1c. The difference on HbA1c in gender was associated with both age and BMI, the age-related increase in HbAlc was accentuated in the subgroup with higher BMI, and there was a marked accentuation of the positive association between BMI and HbA1c as age increased. In almost all the young and middle-aged (aged 20-59) subgroups, the 97.5th percentiles of HbA1c levels were lower than 6.5%, suggesting that the single HbA1c cutoff value is probably not applicable to the young and middle-aged population. CONCLUSIONS We recommend that the effects of age, gender and BMI should be taken into consideration when using HbA1c for the diagnosis and management of diabetes, especially in the young and middle-aged population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiying Qi
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Su
- Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Song
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Cao
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Cui
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Qi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Băbţan AM, Ilea A, Boşca BA, Crişan M, Petrescu NB, Collino M, Sainz RM, Gerlach JQ, Câmpian RS. Advanced glycation end products as biomarkers in systemic diseases: premises and perspectives of salivary advanced glycation end products. Biomark Med 2019; 13:479-495. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2018-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are glycated proteins associated with high dry temperature food processing, coloring and flavor modification of food products. Previous studies on diet-related disease support the role of the glycation products as biomarkers in local and general proinflammatory response. Exogenous and endogenous AGEs are involved in chronic low-level inflammation, which underlies the onset of metabolic syndrome influenced by food intake, there by demonstrating their implication in diet-related pathologies. Although studies have revealed a strong association between the accumulation of AGEs and the occurrence/worsening of metabolic diseases, their routine use for the diagnosis or monitoring of local and general disease has not yet been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anida M Băbţan
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health & Dental Office Management, Faculty of Dentistry, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Victor Babe? Street, no 15, 400012, Romania
| | - Aranka Ilea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health & Dental Office Management, Faculty of Dentistry, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Victor Babe? Street, no 15, 400012, Romania
| | - Bianca A Boşca
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Louis Pasteur Street, no 4, Cluj-Napoca, 400349, Romania
| | - Maria Crişan
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Louis Pasteur Street, no 4, Cluj-Napoca, 400349, Romania
| | - Nausica B Petrescu
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health & Dental Office Management, Faculty of Dentistry, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Victor Babe? Street, no 15, 400012, Romania
| | - Massimo Collino
- Department of Drug Science & Technology, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 33, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Rosa M Sainz
- Department of Morphology & Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, Campus del Cristo. C/Julián Clavería 6. 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jared Q Gerlach
- Glycoscience Group, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 CF50 Galway, Ireland
| | - Radu S Câmpian
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health & Dental Office Management, Faculty of Dentistry, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Victor Babe? Street, no 15, 400012, Romania
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Mnatsakanyan R, Shema G, Basik M, Batist G, Borchers CH, Sickmann A, Zahedi RP. Detecting post-translational modification signatures as potential biomarkers in clinical mass spectrometry. Expert Rev Proteomics 2019; 15:515-535. [PMID: 29893147 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1483340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous diseases are caused by changes in post-translational modifications (PTMs). Therefore, the number of clinical proteomics studies that include the analysis of PTMs is increasing. Combining complementary information-for example changes in protein abundance, PTM levels, with the genome and transcriptome (proteogenomics)-holds great promise for discovering important drivers and markers of disease, as variations in copy number, expression levels, or mutations without spatial/functional/isoform information is often insufficient or even misleading. Areas covered: We discuss general considerations, requirements, pitfalls, and future perspectives in applying PTM-centric proteomics to clinical samples. This includes samples obtained from a human subject, for instance (i) bodily fluids such as plasma, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid, (ii) primary cells such as reproductive cells, blood cells, and (iii) tissue samples/biopsies. Expert commentary: PTM-centric discovery proteomics can substantially contribute to the understanding of disease mechanisms by identifying signatures with potential diagnostic or even therapeutic relevance but may require coordinated efforts of interdisciplinary and eventually multi-national consortia, such as initiated in the cancer moonshot program. Additionally, robust and standardized mass spectrometry (MS) assays-particularly targeted MS, MALDI imaging, and immuno-MALDI-may be transferred to the clinic to improve patient stratification for precision medicine, and guide therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruzanna Mnatsakanyan
- a Protein Dynamics , Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V , Dortmund , 44227 , Germany
| | - Gerta Shema
- a Protein Dynamics , Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V , Dortmund , 44227 , Germany
| | - Mark Basik
- b Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology , Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H4A 3T2 , Canada
| | - Gerald Batist
- b Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology , Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H4A 3T2 , Canada
| | - Christoph H Borchers
- b Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology , Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H4A 3T2 , Canada.,c University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia V8Z 7X8 , Canada.,d Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia , V8P 5C2 , Canada.,e Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3T 1E2 , Canada
| | - Albert Sickmann
- a Protein Dynamics , Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V , Dortmund , 44227 , Germany.,f Medizinische Fakultät, Medizinische Proteom-Center (MPC), Ruhr-Universität Bochum , 44801 Bochum , Germany.,g Department of Chemistry , College of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen AB24 3FX , Scotland , United Kingdom
| | - René P Zahedi
- a Protein Dynamics , Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V , Dortmund , 44227 , Germany.,b Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology , Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H4A 3T2 , Canada.,e Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3T 1E2 , Canada
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Hu M, Lan Y, Lu A, Ma X, Zhang L. Glycan-based biomarkers for diagnosis of cancers and other diseases: Past, present, and future. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci 2019; 162:1-24. [PMID: 30905444 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Glycans are essential biomolecules in regulating human physiology and pathology ranging from signal transduction to microbial infections. Developing complex human diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, are a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genetics dominates embryonic development and the passing of genes to the next generation whereas the information in glycans reflects the impact of internal and external environmental factors, such as diseases, lifestyle, and social factors, on a person's health and disease. The reason behind this is that glycans are not directly encoded in a genetic template. Instead, they are assembled dynamically by hundreds of enzymes organized in more than 10 complex biosynthetic pathways. Any environmental changes affecting enzymatic activities or the availability of high-energy monosaccharide donors in a specific location will disturb the final structure of glycans. The glycan structure-dependent biological activities subsequently enable or disable gene expressions, which partially explain that it is difficult to pinpoint specific genetic defects to aging-associated diseases. Glycan-based biomarkers are currently used for diagnosis of diabetes, cancers, and other complex diseases. We will recapitulate the discovery of glucose, glycated proteins, glycan-, and glycoprotein-based biomarkers followed by summarizing clinically used glycan/glycoprotein-based biomarkers. The potential serum/plasma-derived N- and O-linked glycans as biomarkers will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Hu
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Lan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Alexander Lu
- Program in Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Xuexiao Ma
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Yoshitake J, Shibata T, Shimayama C, Uchida K. 2-Alkenal modification of hemoglobin: Identification of a novel hemoglobin-specific alkanoic acid-histidine adduct. Redox Biol 2019; 23:101115. [PMID: 30819615 PMCID: PMC6859543 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
α,β-Unsaturated aldehydes generated during lipid peroxidation, such as 2-alkenals, give rise to protein degeneration in a variety of pathological states. 2-Alkenals are highly reactive toward nucleophilic amino acid residues, such as histidine and lysine, to form Schiff base adducts or Michael addition adducts. In this study, upon the reaction of hemoglobin with 2-octenal, we unexpectedly detected a product corresponding to the reduced form of the 2-octenal-histidine Michael adduct plus 14 mass unit. Based on the LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of synthetic adduct candidates, the adduct was identified to be Nτ-(1-carboxyheptan-2-yl)-histidine (CHH), a novel alkanoic acid-type histidine adduct. The alkanoic acid-histidine adducts were detected in the 2-alkenal-treated hemoglobin and myoglobin, but not in the 2-alkenal-treated cytochrome c and transferrin. The addition of hemin to the reaction mixture, containing a non-heme protein and 2-alkenals, resulted in the formation of the alkanoic acid-histidine adducts, suggesting that a heme iron may play a role in the oxidation of covalently modified proteins. Moreover, using the stable isotope dilution method, we showed evidence for the endogenous formation of CHH in red blood cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide. Thus, this study establishes a novel mechanism for covalent modification of proteins by 2-alkenals, in which heme iron is involved in the formation of the alkanoic acid-histidine adducts. The potential implications of this novel adduct are discussed. 2-Alkenal-treated hemoglobin was subjected to a comprehensive analysis of the modified histidine. The alkanoic acid-type histidine adducts were identified as novel adducts formed in the 2-alkenal-modified hemoglobin. This type of adducts was suggested to be formed by the iron-dependent oxidation of 2-alkenal-histidine Michael adducts. The alkanoic acid-type histidine adducts were generated in red blood cells exposed to H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yoshitake
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shibata
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Chihiro Shimayama
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Koji Uchida
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, CREST, Tokyo, Japan.
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Sameer AS, Banday MZ, Nissar S, Saeed SA. A Comparison of Biomarkers in the Assessment of Glycemic Control in Diabetes: Reviewing the Evidence. Curr Diabetes Rev 2019; 15:471-479. [PMID: 30961503 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190408197922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic life-long progressive multisystem heterogeneous metabolic disorder with complex pathogenesis. INTRODUCTION Hyperglycemia is not only one of the classical signs of DM, but it also serves as the pivotal prerequisite for the diagnosis of the disease. However, with the advancement in the field of analytical biochemistry, a number of alternative and specific biomarkers have been discovered which can be used for better diagnosis of the DM. In this review, we have discussed various aspects of DM and different biomarkers used in assessing glycemia. METHODOLOGY A thorough literature survey was conducted to identify various studies that reported the use of conventional and non-conventional markers for the assessment of glycemia in DM patients. CONCLUSION The accurate detection and hence diagnosis of DM has become easy and more specific with the use of various biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aga S Sameer
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mujeeb Z Banday
- Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saniya Nissar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Sheikh A Saeed
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Jiang Z, Wang J, Zhao P, Zhang L, Guo Y. HbA1c: High in acute cerebral infarction and low in brain trauma. Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoop Misra
- Fortis C-DOC Hospital for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, New Delhi, India
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Mahmodi Arjmand E, Saadatmand M, Bakhtiari M, Eghbal M. Design and fabrication of a centrifugal microfluidic disc including septum valve for measuring hemoglobin A1c in human whole blood using immunoturbidimetry method. Talanta 2018; 190:134-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.07.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Chen JH, Lin X, Bu C, Zhang X. Role of advanced glycation end products in mobility and considerations in possible dietary and nutritional intervention strategies. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:72. [PMID: 30337945 PMCID: PMC6180645 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0306-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), a group of compounds that are formed by non-enzymatic reactions between carbonyl groups of reducing sugars and free amino groups of proteins, lipids or nucleic acids, can be obtained exogenously from diet or formed endogenously within the body. AGEs accumulate intracellularly and extracellularly in all tissues and body fluids and can cross-link with other proteins and thus affect their normal functions. Furthermore, AGEs can interact with specific cell surface receptors and hence alter cell intracellular signaling, gene expression, the production of reactive oxygen species and the activation of several inflammatory pathways. High levels of AGEs in diet as well as in tissues and the circulation are pathogenic to a wide range of diseases. With respect to mobility, AGEs accumulate in bones, joints and skeletal muscles, playing important roles in the development of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and sarcopenia with aging. This report covered the related pathological mechanisms and the potential pharmaceutical and dietary intervention strategies in reducing systemic AGEs. More prospective studies are needed to determine whether elevated serum AGEs and/or skin autofluorescence predict a decline in measures of mobility. In addition, human intervention studies are required to investigate the beneficial effects of exogenous AGEs inhibitors on mobility outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Hua Chen
- Science and Technology Centre, By-Health Co. Ltd, No. 3 Kehui 3rd Street, No. 99 Kexue Avenue Central, Science City, Luogang District, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Xu Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Cuihong Bu
- Science and Technology Centre, By-Health Co. Ltd, No. 3 Kehui 3rd Street, No. 99 Kexue Avenue Central, Science City, Luogang District, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Xuguang Zhang
- Science and Technology Centre, By-Health Co. Ltd, No. 3 Kehui 3rd Street, No. 99 Kexue Avenue Central, Science City, Luogang District, Guangzhou, 510000 China
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