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Comprehensive review of two groups of flavonoids in Carthamus tinctorius L. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Wang YN, Liu HJ, Ren LL, Suo P, Zou L, Zhang YM, Yu XY, Zhao YY. Shenkang injection improves chronic kidney disease by inhibiting multiple renin-angiotensin system genes by blocking the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:964370. [PMID: 36059935 PMCID: PMC9432462 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.964370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major worldwide public health problem. The increase in the number of patients with CKD and end-stage kidney disease requesting renal dialysis or transplantation will progress to epidemic proportions in the next several decades. Although blocking the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been used as a first-line standard therapy in patients with hypertension and CKD, patients still progress towards end-stage kidney disease, which might be closely associated with compensatory renin expression subsequent to RAS blockade through a homeostatic mechanism. The Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway is the master upstream regulator that controls multiple intrarenal RAS genes. As Wnt/β-catenin regulates multiple RAS genes, we inferred that this pathway might also be implicated in blood pressure control. Therefore, discovering new medications to synchronously target multiple RAS genes is necessary and essential for the effective treatment of patients with CKD. We hypothesized that Shenkang injection (SKI), which is widely used to treat CKD patients, might ameliorate CKD by inhibiting the activation of multiple RAS genes via the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. To test this hypothesis, we used adenine-induced CKD rats and angiotensin II (AngII)-induced HK-2 and NRK-49F cells. Treatment with SKI inhibited renal function decline, hypertension and renal fibrosis. Mechanistically, SKI abrogated the increased protein expression of multiple RAS elements, including angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin II type 1 receptor, as well as Wnt1, β-catenin and downstream target genes, including Snail1, Twist, matrix metalloproteinase-7, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and fibroblast-specific protein 1, in adenine-induced rats, which was verified in AngII-induced HK-2 and NRK-49F cells. Similarly, our results further indicated that treatment with rhein isolated from SKI attenuated renal function decline and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and repressed RAS activation and the hyperactive Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in both adenine-induced rats and AngII-induced HK-2 and NRK-49F cells. This study first revealed that SKI repressed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by synchronously targeting multiple RAS elements by blocking the hyperactive Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ni Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong-Jiao Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li-Li Ren
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ping Suo
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Disciplines Team of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Food and Bioengineering, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya-Mei Zhang
- Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yong Yu, ; Ying-Yong Zhao,
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yong Yu, ; Ying-Yong Zhao,
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Ruyvaran M, Zamani A, Mohamadian A, Zarshenas MM, Eftekhari MH, Pourahmad S, Abarghooei EF, Akbari A, Nimrouzi M. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) oil could improve abdominal obesity, blood pressure, and insulin resistance in patients with metabolic syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114590. [PMID: 34487844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower) has been widely recommended to treat metabolic disorders in traditional herbal medicine in Persia, China, Korea, Japan, and other East-Asian countries. The anti-hypercholesterolemic and antioxidant effects of this plant have been well documented, but its protective effects against Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) have not been fully illustrated. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of safflower oil on MetS risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 67 patients with MetS were administered either divided 8 g safflower oil or placebo daily for 12 weeks. All patients were advised to follow their previous diets and physical activities. RESULTS Safflower oil resulted in a significant reduction in waist circumference (-2.42 ± 3.24 vs. 0.97 ± 2.53, p<0.001), systolic blood pressure (-8.80 ± 9.77 vs. -2.26 ± 8.56, p = 0.021), diastolic blood pressure (-3.53 ± 7.52 vs. -0.70 ± 6.21, p = 0.041), fasting blood sugar (-5.03 ± 10.62 vs. 2.94 ± 7.57, p = 0.003), and insulin resistance (-0.59 ± 1.43 vs. 0.50 ± 1, p = 0.012), but an increase in adiponectin level (0.38 ± 0.99 vs. -0.09 ± 0.81, p = 0.042) in the treatment group in comparison to the placebo group. The results revealed a direct relationship between leptin level and Body Mass Index (BMI) in both groups (p<0.001). In addition, increase in BMI resulted in a non-significant decrease in adiponectin level in both groups. Moreover, no significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding lipid profiles, leptin serum level, serum creatinine concentration, and other outcomes. CONCLUSION Safflower oil without lifestyle modification improved abdominal obesity, blood pressure, and insulin resistance in patients with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maede Ruyvaran
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Traditional Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Ali Zamani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Alireza Mohamadian
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad M Zarshenas
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Saeedeh Pourahmad
- Department of Biostatics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Fallahzadeh Abarghooei
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Traditional Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Abolfazl Akbari
- Department of Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Majid Nimrouzi
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Traditional Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Saengnak B, Kanla P, Samrid R, Berkban T, Mothong W, Pakdeechote P, Prachaney P. Clitoria ternatea L. extract prevents kidney damage by suppressing the Ang II/Nox4/oxidative stress cascade in l-NAME-induced hypertension model of rats. Ann Anat 2021; 238:151783. [PMID: 34144158 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Clitoria ternatia L. (CT) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study investigated the effect of CT aqueous flower extract on blood pressure and renal alterations in Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats received l-NAME in drinking water and were treated with CT flower extract or lisinopril. CT aqueous flower extract and lisinopril alleviated l-NAME-induced hypertension (p < 0.05). Glomerular extracellular matrix accumulation, renal fibrosis, and increased serum creatinine levels were observed in l-NAME-induced hypertensive rats and attenuated by CT flower extract or lisinopril co-treatment (p < 0.05). High levels of plasma angiotensin II (Ang II) and upregulated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (Nox4) protein expression in the kidneys induced by l-NAME were alleviated by CT flower extract or lisinopril co-treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CT flower extract and lisinopril treatment reduced lipid peroxidation and elevated plasma and kidney malondialdehyde levels in l-NAME-induced hypertensive rats (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CT flower extract prevented l-NAME-induced renal injury and dysfunction in rats. The possible mechanism may be related to the suppression of Ang II-mediated Nox4 expression and the oxidative stress cascade in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benchaporn Saengnak
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Pipatpong Kanla
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Rarinthorn Samrid
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Thewarid Berkban
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Wilaiwan Mothong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Poungrat Pakdeechote
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Parichat Prachaney
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Mohammadi Pour P, Farzaei MH, Soleiman Dehkordi E, Bishayee A, Asgary S. Therapeutic targets of natural products for the management of cardiovascular symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5417-5426. [PMID: 34110678 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first occurred in China in December 2019 and subsequently spread all over the world with cardiovascular, renal, and pulmonary symptoms. Therefore, recognizing and treating the cardiovascular sign and symptoms that caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be effective in reducing patient mortality. To control the COVID-19-related cardiovascular symptoms, natural products are considered one of the promising choices as complementary medicine. Scientists are struggling to discover new antiviral agents specific to this virus. In this review, the natural products for management of cardiovascular symptoms of COVID-19 are categorized into three groups: (a) natural products with an impact on angiotensin II type 1 receptor; (b) natural products that inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme activity; and (c) natural products that mimic adenosine activity. All these natural products should undergo clinical investigations to test their efficacy, safety, and toxicity in the treatment of cardiovascular symptoms of COVID-19. This article summarizes agents with potential efficacy against COVID-19-related cardiovascular symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardis Mohammadi Pour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Soleiman Dehkordi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Science, Shahrekord University of Medical Science, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Sedigheh Asgary
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Corrêa JWDN, Prado CM, Riul ME, Araújo AV, Rossi MA, Bendhack LM. Reversion of cardiovascular remodelling in renovascular hypertensive 2K-1C rats by renin-angiotensin system inhibitors. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1965-1977. [PMID: 32688435 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluate whether the RAS dual blockade would induce additional beneficial effects on cardiovascular remodelling when compared to monotherapy in renal hypertensive two kidneys-one clip (2K-1C) rats. METHODS Hypertensive 2K-1C and normotensive (2K) rats were treated for 14 days with submaximal doses of losartan (LOS), enalapril (ENA), losartan plus enalapril (LOS + ENA) or vehicle (water). Blood pressure and some parameters of cardiovascular remodelling were evaluated. RESULTS Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was higher in 2K-1C (209 ± 3 mm Hg, P < .05) than in 2K (113 ± 1 mm Hg) rats. There was an additional effect in 2K-1C treated with LOS + ENA (153 ± 9 mm Hg) on lowering SBP when compared to LOS (184 ± 12 mm Hg) or ENA (177 ± 9 mm Hg). None of the treatments had effect on SBP in 2K rats. In 2K-1C, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was reduced by all treatments, although the cardiac hypertrophy indexes remained unchanged. 2K-1C aortas presented medial thickening that was partially reduced by the treatments. Intimal hyperplasia observed in 2K-1C (15.56 ± 0.89 µm vs 8.24 ± 0.80 µm) was reversed by ENA (9.52 ± 0.45 µm) or LOS + ENA (8.17 ± 0.53 µm). Collagen deposition was increased in 2K-1C hearts (1.77 ± 0.16 vs 1.28 ± 0.09) and aortas (8.1 ± 0.6 vs 5.2 ± 0.2). Treatment with LOS reduced (1.12 ± 0.14%) and ENA (0.81 ± 0.11%) or LOS + ENA (0.86 ± 0.11%) additionally diminished collagen only in 2K-1C hearts. CONCLUSIONS Submaximal doses of ACEi and/or ARB have inhibitory actions on cardiac remodelling and vascular hypertrophy not entirely dependent on their effects on blood pressure normalization in renovascular hypertensive rats. Combined therapy produced additional reduction in blood pressure than monotherapy despite a similar inhibition on cardiovascular remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cibele Maria Prado
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Maria Elena Riul
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Alice Valença Araújo
- Nucleus of Public Health, Academic Center of Vitória (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio Rossi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Lusiane Maria Bendhack
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Yang J, Wang R, Cheng X, Qu H, Qi J, Li D, Xing Y, Bai Y, Zheng X. The vascular dilatation induced by Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) on rat mesenteric artery through TRPV4-dependent calcium influx in endothelial cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 256:112790. [PMID: 32234595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is the principal constituent of the flowers of Carthamus tinctorius L., a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which has been used for the treatment of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases due to its property of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. It is dominated in the water extract of Carthamus tinctorius L., which has been used in the clinical treatment for cardiovascular diseases. HSYA exerts a variety of pharmacological efficacy upon the vascular system. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the vascular dilatation effect of HSYA on rat mesenteric artery (MA) and its potential mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Wistar rats were applied to the study. Tension studies were conducted to determine the dilatation activity of HSYA against pre-contracted mesenteric arterial (MA) rings by U 46619 and Phenylephrine (PE). The vascular activities were measured with or without incubation with some selective inhibitors, including L-N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, a nitro oxide synthase inhibitor), HC-067047 (a selective TRPV4 antagonist), BaCl2 (a Kir channel blocker), and Indomethacin (Indo, a nonselective cyclooxygenase inhibitor), respectively. Immunocytochemistry, Calcium Imaging, NO Production detection, and Western Blot were also employed to further study the underlying mechanism. RESULTS HSYA reversed the constriction of MAs induced by U 46619 in a manner of concentration dependency, and the dilatation capability was reversed by L-NAME. This effect was significantly dependent on the intactness of MA endothelium, accompanying an increment of NO production in mesenteric arterial endothelium cells. The increment of NO production was reversed by inhibiting the PKA. Also, the expression of p-eNOS was activated by HSYA shown in Western Blot assays. The cells imaging revealed a significant increase and drop of the influx of Ca2+ before and after treatment with HC-067047. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that HSYA exerts vessel dilation effect on MAs via a TRPV4-dependent influx of Ca2+ in endothelium cells, PKA-dependent eNOS phosphorylation and NO production mechanism. The present study indicates that HSYA has the potential to be a future candidate for the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University - Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University - Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China.
| | - Xiaohan Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University - Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China.
| | - HuiChong Qu
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University - Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China.
| | - Jing Qi
- College of Basic Medicine, Harbin Medical University - Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, PR China.
| | - Dan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University - Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China.
| | - Yan Xing
- College of Basic Medicine, Harbin Medical University - Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, PR China.
| | - Yuhua Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University - Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China.
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Basic Medicine, Harbin Medical University - Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, PR China.
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A Metabolic Perspective and Opportunities in Pharmacologically Important Safflower. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10060253. [PMID: 32560514 PMCID: PMC7344433 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) has long been grown as a crop due to its commercial utility as oil, animal feed, and pharmacologically significant secondary metabolites. The integration of omics approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics datasets, has provided more comprehensive knowledge of the chemical composition of crop plants for multiple applications. Knowledge of a metabolome of plant is crucial to optimize the evolution of crop traits, improve crop yields and quality, and ensure nutritional and health factors that provide the opportunity to produce functional food or feedstuffs. Safflower contains numerous chemical components that possess many pharmacological activities including central nervous, cardiac, vascular, anticoagulant, reproductive, gastrointestinal, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and metabolic activities, providing many other human health benefits. In addition to classical metabolite studies, this review focuses on several metabolite-based working techniques and updates to provide a summary of the current medical applications of safflower.
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Uncovering the pharmacological mechanism of Carthamus tinctorius L. on cardiovascular disease by a systems pharmacology approach. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109094. [PMID: 31203131 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carthamus tinctorius L. is widely used in traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. However, our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms supporting its clinical application still lags behind. In this study, a systems pharmacology approach integrating drug-likeness evaluation, oral bioavailability prediction, target exploration, GO enrichment analysis, KEGG pathway performance and network construction was adopted to explore its therapeutic mechanism. A total of 21 active ingredients contained in Carthamus tinctorius L. and 113 major proteins were screened out as effective players in the treatment of cardiovascular disease through some related pathways. And the association among the active ingredients, major hubs and main pathways was investigated, implying the potential biological progression of Carthamus tinctorius L. acting on cardiovascular disease. Importantly, the majority of hubs and pathways were found to be highly related with platelet activation process. Core genes that can be regulated by Carthamus tinctorius L. in platelet activation pathway were PRKACA, PIK3R1, MAPK1, PPP1CC, PIK3CA and SYK, and they may play a central role in suppressing platelet aggregation. The systems pharmacology approach used in this study may provide a feasible tool to clarify the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines and further develop their therapeutic potentials.
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Bunbupha S, Pakdeechote P, Maneesai P, Prachaney P, Boonprom P. Carthamus Tinctorius L. extract attenuates cardiac remodeling in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats by inhibiting the NADPH oxidase-mediated TGF-β1 and MMP-9 pathway. Ann Anat 2019; 222:120-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Oyagbemi AA, Omobowale TO, Ola-Davies OE, Asenuga ER, Ajibade TO, Adejumobi OA, Afolabi JM, Ogunpolu BS, Falayi OO, Saba AB, Adedapo AA, Yakubu MA. Luteolin-mediated Kim-1/NF-kB/Nrf2 signaling pathways protects sodium fluoride-induced hypertension and cardiovascular complications. Biofactors 2018; 44:518-531. [PMID: 30474894 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of sodium fluoride (NaF) as a major ingredient for tooth paste, mouth wash, and mouth rinse has become inevitable in our day-to-day life. However, flavonoids such as Luteolin might be of great value in the prevention of toxicity associated with accidental or inevitable ingestion of NaF. In the study, 40 male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups with 10 rats in a group. Group A was the control group and received normal saline, Group B was exposed to NaF at 300 ppm (300 mg/L) in drinking water daily for a week, Groups C and D were exposed to 300 ppm (300 mg/L) of NaF and coadministered with Luteolin orally daily at a dosage of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg for the same time point. Our results indicated that NaF caused significant increases in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, myeloperoxidase, advanced oxidative protein products, together with significant reductions in glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, reduced glutathione, and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. The electrocardiogram results showed that NaF alone caused significant prolongation of QT and QTc intervals. Immunohistochemistry revealed that NaF caused increase expressions of Kidney injury marker 1 (Kim-1), nuclear factor kappa bet (NF-κB), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factors 2 (Nrf2), and cardiac troponin I (CTnI). Together, Luteolin coadministration with NaF improved NO bioavailability, reduced high blood pressure, markers of oxidative stress, reversed prolongation of QT and QTc intervals, and lowered the expressions of Kim-1, NF-κB, and CTnI. © 2018 BioFactors, 44(6):518-531, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Temidayo Olutayo Omobowale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Eunice Ola-Davies
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebunoluwa Racheal Asenuga
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Temitayo Olabisi Ajibade
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olumuyiwa Abiola Adejumobi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Blessing Seun Ogunpolu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Olubunmi Falayi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adebowale Bernard Saba
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeolu Alex Adedapo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Momoh Audu Yakubu
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, NSB303, Sr. Scientist & Head, Vascular Biology Unit, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, COPHS, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
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