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Chen J, Yu D, Li X, Deng Q, Yang H, Chen L, Bai L. A review of Brucea javanica: metabolites, pharmacology and clinical application. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1317620. [PMID: 38371913 PMCID: PMC10871038 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1317620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This review examines advances in the metabolites, pharmacological research, and therapeutic applications of the medicinal fruit of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. Brucea javanica (BJ) is derived from the fruit of the Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. There are nearly 200 metabolites present in BJ, and due to the diversity of its metabolites, BJ has a wide range of pharmacological effects. The traditional pharmacological effects of BJ include anti-dysentery, anti-malaria, etc. The research investigating the contemporary pharmacological impacts of BJ mainly focuses on its anti-tumor properties. In the article, the strong monomeric metabolites among these pharmacological effects were preliminarily screened. Regarding the pharmacological mechanism of action, current research has initially explored BJ's pharmacological agent and molecular signaling pathways. However, a comprehensive system has yet to be established. BJ preparations have been utilized in clinical settings and have demonstrated effectiveness. Nevertheless, clinical research is primarily limited to observational studies, and there is a need for higher-quality research evidence to support its clinical application. There are still many difficulties and obstacles in studying BJ. However, it is indisputable that BJ is a botanical drugs with significant potential for application, and it is expected to have broader global usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangyuan Central Hospital of Sichuan Province, Guangyuan, China
| | - Dongke Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qichuan Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Power China Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Guanghan People's Hospital, Guanghan, China
| | - Lan Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Wang W, He X, Wan Y, Chen D, Li Z, Feng Y, Wen Q. Discovery of bi-4-methoxycarbonyl-2-quinolone and evaluation of its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity in vitro. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38217490 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2303606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
A novel alkaloid with a hexa-tetra-hexa-cyclic skeleton, Bi-4-methoxycarbonyl-2-quinolone (1), was discovered during the investigation of Brucea javanica. Additionally, six known alkaloids (2-7) were also found. The chemical structures of these compounds were identified using HRESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis. Additionally, the absolute configuration of the new compound 1 was determined through X-ray single crystal diffraction. Compound 1 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in RAW264.7 cells and demonstrated promising anti-cancer effects in Lewis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenmin Wang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiao He
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wan
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Daofeng Chen
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yulin Feng
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Quan Wen
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
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Mugaranja KP, Kulal A. Investigation of effective natural inhibitors for starch hydrolysing enzymes from Simaroubaceae plants by molecular docking analysis and comparison with in-vitro studies. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09360. [PMID: 35600433 PMCID: PMC9118686 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to find the effective natural enzyme inhibitors against alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase from the array of compounds identified in plants of the Simaroubaceae family using molecular docking and ADME/Toxicity studies. Among the 218 compounds docked against seven enzymes, buddlenol-A and citrusin-B showed the best binding energies (kcal/mol) of -7.830 and -7.383 against human salivary alpha-amylase and pancreatic alpha-amylase respectively. The other two compounds 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one and bruceolline-B had the best binding energy of -6.461 and -7.576 against N-terminal and C-terminal maltase glucoamylase respectively. Whereas the binding energy of prosopine (-6.499) and fisetinidol (-7.575) was considered as the best against N-terminal and C-terminal sucrase-isomaltase respectively. Picrasidine-X showed the best binding energy (-7.592) against yeast alpha-glucosidase. The study revealed that the seven compounds which showed the best binding energy against respective enzymes are considered as the ‘lead hit compounds’. Even though the ‘lead hit compounds’ are not obeying all the laws of ADMET, the drug-likeness properties of 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one, fisetinidol, picrasidine-X, and prosopine were considerable. Also, kaempferol-3-O-pentoside was the recent compound identified from the Simarouba glauca plant extract found to be one among the top five lead hit compounds against four enzymes. This study provides valuable insight into the direction of developing natural compounds as potential starch hydrolysing enzyme inhibitors for managing type 2 diabetes.
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Zhang J, Xu HX, Dou YX, Huang QH, Xian YF, Lin ZX. Major Constituents From Brucea javanica and Their Pharmacological Actions. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:853119. [PMID: 35370639 PMCID: PMC8971814 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.853119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucea javanica (Ya-dan-zi in Chinese) is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine, which is traditionally used in Chinese medicine for the treatment of intestinal inflammation, diarrhea, malaria, and cancer. The formulation of the oil (Brucea javanica oil) has been widely used to treat various types of cancer. It has also been found that B. javanica is rich in chemical constituents, including quassinoids, triterpenes, alkaloids and flavonoids. Pharmacological studies have revealed that chemical compounds derived from B. javanica exhibit multiple bioactivities, such as anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, and others. This review provides a comprehensive summary on the pharmacological properties of the main chemical constituents presented in B. javanica and their underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, the review will also provide scientific references for further research and development of B. javanica and its chemical constituents into novel pharmaceutical products for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Hong-Xi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao-Xing Dou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong-Hui Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
- *Correspondence: Yan-Fang Xian, ; Zhi-Xiu Lin,
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
- *Correspondence: Yan-Fang Xian, ; Zhi-Xiu Lin,
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Shan Y, Wang F, Wei Z, Lu Y. Synthetic lethality theory approaches to effective substance discovery and functional mechanisms elucidation of anti-cancer phytomedicine. Phytomedicine 2021; 91:153718. [PMID: 34531099 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longstanding, successful use of combinations of phytopharmaceuticals in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has caught the attention of several pharmacologists to natural medicines. However, the development and popularisation of TCM is mainly limited because of the unavailability of reports clarifying the mechanisms of action and pharmacologically active ingredients in such formulations. Previous studies on natural medicines have mostly focused on their dominant components using forward pharmacology which often neglects trace components. It is necessary to assess the pharmacological and therapeutic superiority of many such trace components in comparison with single constituents. PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to propose a new pharmacological research strategy for TCM. In particular, we presented the possibility that the effective mechanism of action of trace components of TCM is based on synthetic lethality. We sincerely hope to explore this theory further. METHOD We obtained retrieve published research information related to synthetic lethality, phytochemicals and Chinese medicine from PubMed and Google scholar. Based on the inclusion criteria, 71 studies were selected and discussed in this review. RESULTS As an interaction among genes, synthetic lethality can amplify co-regulatory biological effects exponentially. Synthetic strategies have been successfully applied for research and development of anti-tumour agents, including poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors and clinical combination of chemotherapeutic agents for efficacy enhancement and toxicity reduction. TCM drugs contain several secondary metabolites to combat environmental stresses, providing a multi-component basis for corresponding synergistic targets. Therefore, we aimed to study whether this method could be used to identify active components present in trace amounts in TCM drugs. Based on a reverse concept of target-component-effect and identified synergistic targets, we explored the mechanisms of action of weakly active components present in trace amounts in TCM drugs to assess combinations of potential synergistic components. CONCLUSION This pattern of synthetic lethality not only elucidated the mechanisms of action of TCM drugs from a new perspective but also inspired future studies on discovering naturally occurring active components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Shan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhonghong Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Cheng C, Yuan F, Chen XP, Zhang W, Zhao XL, Jiang ZP, Zhou HH, Zhou G, Cao S. Inhibition of Nrf2-mediated glucose metabolism by brusatol synergistically sensitizes acute myeloid leukemia to Ara-C. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:111652. [PMID: 34112534 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance remains to be the primary barrier to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment failure. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been well established as a truly pleiotropic transcription factor. Inhibition of Nrf2 function increases the sensitivity of various chemotherapeutics and overcomes chemoresistance effectively. Brusatol (Bru) has been reported to decrease Nrf2 protein expression specifically by ubiquitin degradation of Nrf2. However, it remains elusive whether combination of Brusatol and Cytarabine (Ara-C) elicits a synergistic antitumor effect in AML. Our results demonstrated that combination of Ara-C and Brusatol synergistically exerted remarkable pro-apoptosis effect in HL-60 and THP-1 cells. Mechanistically, synergistic anti-tumor effect of Ara-C/Brusatol in AML cells is mediated by attenuating Nrf2 expression. To our surprise, Nrf2 inhibition by Brusatol causes downregulation of the expression of glycolysis-related proteins and decreased glucose consumption and lactate production, whereas the level of ROS production was unaffected. The activation of Nrf2 by Sulforaphane (SFP) could reverse the chemotherapeutic effect and changes of glycolysis of concomitant of Ara-C with Brusatol in AML cell lines. Additionally, Ara-C/Brusatol co-treatment decreased Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) protein expression and increased the sensitivity of Ara-C. Moreover, the mouse xenograft in vivo experiment confirmed that combining Ara-C with Brusatol exerted stronger antileukemia than Ara-C alone. The efficacy, together with the mechanistic observations, reveals the potential of simultaneously giving these two drugs and provides a rational basis for targeting glucose catabolism in future clinical therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Cheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xie-Lan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ping Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Gan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China.
| | - Shan Cao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China.
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Huang Y, Chen L, He B, Liu S, Zeng D, Wang Y, Du L, Tang W. Herbicidal activity and bioactive components of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. residue. ARAB J CHEM 2021; 14:103228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Andrade C, Gomes NGM, Duangsrisai S, Andrade PB, Pereira DM, Valentão P. Medicinal plants utilized in Thai Traditional Medicine for diabetes treatment: Ethnobotanical surveys, scientific evidence and phytochemicals. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 263:113177. [PMID: 32768637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetes mellitus remains the most lethal metabolic disease of contemporaneous times and despite the therapeutic arsenal currently available, research on new antidiabetic agents remains a priority. In recent years, the revitalization of Thai Traditional Medicine (TTM) became a clear priority for the Thai government, and many efforts have been undertaken to accelerate research on herbal medicines and their use in medical services in various hospitals. Additionally, and particularly in rural areas, treatment of diabetes and associated symptomatology frequently relies on herbal preparations recommended by practitioners of TTM. In the current work, medicinal plants used in Thailand for treating diabetes, as well as their hypoglycaemic pharmacological evidences and potential therapeutic use for diabetes-related complications were reviewed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnopharmacological information on the plant materials used in TTM for diabetes treatment was collected through literature search in a range of scientific databases using the search terms: diabetes, folk medicine, Thailand medicinal plants, traditional medicine. Information regarding scientific evidence on the antidiabetic effects of surveyed species was obtained considering not only the most common taxonomic designation, but also taxonomic synonyms, and including the keywords 'diabetes' and 'hypoglycaemic effect'. RESULTS A total of 183 species known to be used for diabetes management in TTM were reviewed, with 30% of them still lacking experimental evidences to support claims regarding the mechanisms and phytochemicals underlying their antidiabetic properties. Moreover, a total of 46 bioactives displaying effective antidiabetic effects have been isolated from 24 species, their underlying mechanism(s) of action being fully or partially disclosed. CONCLUSIONS We deliver the most extensive survey dealing with the ethnomedicinal knowledge of Thai medicinal plants utilized on diabetes management. We are certain that the current review will spark further research on Thai plants for the development of new standardized phytomedicines through drug discovery programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Nº 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Nelson G M Gomes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Nº 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sutsawat Duangsrisai
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Ngam Wong Wang Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Nº 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - David M Pereira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Nº 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Nº 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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Yoon BK, Lim ZY, Jeon WY, Cho NJ, Kim JH, Jackman JA. Medicinal Activities and Nanomedicine Delivery Strategies for Brucea javanica Oil and Its Molecular Components. Molecules 2020; 25:E5414. [PMID: 33228061 PMCID: PMC7699344 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucea javanica oil (BJO) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various types of cancer and inflammatory diseases. There is significant interest in understanding the medicinal activities of BJO and its molecular components, especially quassinoids, and in exploring how they can be incorporated into nanomedicine delivery strategies for improved application prospects. Herein, we cover the latest progress in developing different classes of drug delivery vehicles, including nanoemulsions, liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, and spongosomes, to encapsulate BJO and purified quassinoids. An introduction to the composition and medicinal activities of BJO and its molecular components, including quassinoids and fatty acids, is first provided. Application examples involving each type of drug delivery vehicle are then critically presented. Future opportunities for nanomedicine delivery strategies in the field are also discussed and considered within the context of translational medicine needs and drug development processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kyeong Yoon
- School of Chemical Engineering and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (B.K.Y.); (Z.Y.L.); (W.-Y.J.)
| | - Zheng Yi Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (B.K.Y.); (Z.Y.L.); (W.-Y.J.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553, Singapore;
| | - Won-Yong Jeon
- School of Chemical Engineering and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (B.K.Y.); (Z.Y.L.); (W.-Y.J.)
- Omni Colab Corporation, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553, Singapore;
| | - Jeong Hoon Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea;
| | - Joshua A. Jackman
- School of Chemical Engineering and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (B.K.Y.); (Z.Y.L.); (W.-Y.J.)
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Tian S, Jing R, Zhang W. Network-Based Approach to Identify the Antiproliferative Mechanisms of Bruceine D in Breast Cancer From the Cancer Genome Atlas. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1001. [PMID: 32714860 PMCID: PMC7343963 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bruceine D (BD) is a natural compound extracted from a Chinese herb Brucea javanica that has been used for anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer treatment. However, little is reported about BD's effects in breast cancer tumorigenesis. In this paper, we aimed to investigate the effect of BD in breast cancer and elucidate the potential mechanism of BD by integrated multiple databases. Our data suggested BD inhibited MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells proliferation and promoted cells apoptosis. We integrated multiple bioinformatics analysis strategies to identify genes, hub modules and pathways associated with BD treatment. Three key pathways, including AMIT_SERUM_RESPONSE_40_MCF10A, BILD_HRAS_ONCOGENIC_SIGNATURE, and NAGASHIMA_NRG1_SIGNALING_UP were identified to be associated with therapeutic effects of BD in breast cancer. Additionally, we validated the key genes by using quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. In conclusion, these findings revealed potential molecular mechanisms of BD to treat breast cancer by affecting AMIT_SERUM_RESPONSE_40_MCF10A, BILD_HRAS_ONCOGENIC_SIGNATURE, and NAGASHIMA_NRG1_SIGNALING_UP pathways and regulating expression of ZFP36, EGR1, and FOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Jing
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Mugaranja KP, Kulal A. Alpha glucosidase inhibition activity of phenolic fraction from Simarouba glauca: An in-vitro, in-silico and kinetic study. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04392. [PMID: 32671273 PMCID: PMC7350133 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A phenolic rich fraction purified from Simarouba glauca leaves was effective in alpha glucosidase inhibition. The purified fraction named 'fraction-14' had shown significant inhibition of yeast alpha glucosidase enzyme activity (IC50 = 2.4 ± 0.4 μg/mL) when compared to anti-diabetic drug acarbose (IC50 = 2450 ± 24 μg/mL). The purified fraction also had reasonable DPPH (IC50 = 14.4 ± 0.1 μg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 = 7.6 ± 0.5 μg/mL) free radical scavenging activity when compared to the standard ascorbic acid. The LC-MS analysis of bioactive 'fraction-14' revealed four compounds, eclalbasaponin-v (1), cyanidin-3-O-(2'galloyl)-galactoside (2), kaempferol-3-O-glucoside (3) and kaempferol-3-O-pentoside (4) for the first time in S. glauca in this study. The kinetic study of the 'fraction-14' indicates a mixed type of inhibition on the alpha glucosidase enzyme with K i , 6.2 μg/mL. Docking studies showed promising binding energy for the compounds 2 (-7.769 kJ/mol), 3 (-7.04 kJ/mol) and 4 (-7.127 kJ/mol) against yeast alpha glucosidase which was better than acarbose (-6.867 kJ/mol). In conclusion, the phenolic rich fraction from S. glauca possessing good in-vitro antioxidant property and alpha glucosidase enzyme inhibition potential along with mixed inhibition kinetics. Also, better binding energy of compounds (1, 2 & 3) appears to contain potential lead-molecule for antidiabetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirana P. Mugaranja
- Biological Sciences Division, Poornaprajna Institute of Scientific Research, Bidalur Post, Devanahalli, Bangalore Rural, 562110, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Ananda Kulal
- Biological Sciences Division, Poornaprajna Institute of Scientific Research, Bidalur Post, Devanahalli, Bangalore Rural, 562110, India
- Corresponding author.
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Makabel B, Zhang JY, Shen XY, Su CY, Yan YY, Zhang LL, Guo QR, Chene HB, Zhumabieke S, Danabek Y, Li JJ, Liu Y. A study on the mechanism of bruceine D in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer H1299 cells. World J Tradit Chin Med 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_42_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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13
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Wang S, Hu H, Zhong B, Shi D, Qing X, Cheng C, Deng X, Zhang Z, Shao Z. Bruceine D inhibits tumor growth and stem cell-like traits of osteosarcoma through inhibition of STAT3 signaling pathway. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7345-7358. [PMID: 31631559 PMCID: PMC6885873 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with osteosarcoma exhibiting resistance to chemotherapy or presenting with metastasis usually have a poor prognosis. Osteosarcoma stem cells (OSCs) are a potential cause of tumor metastasis, relapse, and chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel therapeutic drugs, which not only kill osteosarcoma cells but also target OSCs. This study aims to explore the anti‐osteosarcoma effects of Bruceine D (BD), a natural compound derived from Brucea javanica, and investigate its underlying mechanisms. Results demonstrated that BD could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and migration, induce cell cycle arrest, and promote apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. Besides, BD could also suppress the sphere‐forming and self‐renewal ability of OSCs. Mechanistically, the inhibitory role of BD on osteosarcoma cell growth and migration including OSC stemness was partially executed through the inhibition of STAT3 signaling pathway. More importantly, BD showed significant anti‐osteosarcoma activity without obvious side effects in vivo. Collectively, the results of this study demonstrated that BD exerts a strong inhibitory effect on tumor growth and stem cell like traits of osteosarcoma which may be partially due to STAT3 inhibition, suggesting that BD maybe a promising therapeutic candidate against osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongzhi Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Binlong Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Deyao Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangcheng Qing
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyu Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhicai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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14
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Makong YS, Fotso GW, Mouthe GH, Lenta B, Rennert R, Sewald N, Arnold N, Wansi JD, Ngadjui BT. Bruceadysentoside A, a new pregnane glycoside and others secondary metabolites with cytotoxic activity from brucea antidysenterica J. F. Mill. (simaroubaceae). Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:2037-2043. [PMID: 31434501 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1655024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The chemical investigation of the root barks leaves and stem barks of Brucea antidysenterica J. F. Mill. (Simaroubaceae) led to the isolation of a new pregnane glycoside, named Bruceadysentoside A or 3-O-β-L-arabinopyranosyl-pregn-5-en-20-one (1) together with seventeen known compounds. Their structures were established from spectral data, mainly HRESIMS, 1 D and 2 D NMR and by comparison with literature data. Compounds 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 13 were tested in vitro for their effects on the viability of two different human cancer cell lines, namely prostate PC-3 adenocarcinoma cells and colorectal HT-29 adenocarcinoma cells. No substantial activities were recorded for 2, 10, 12 and 13 (up to 10 μM concentration). 1, 5 and 8 did not show strong anti-proliferative effects up to 100 μM, however, 6 exhibited a stronger anti-proliferative effect with IC50 values of ∼ 100 μM against PC-3 and ∼ 200 μM against HT-29.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Salomon Makong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Ghislain Wabo Fotso
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Gervais Happi Mouthe
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Bruno Lenta
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé 1 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Robert Rennert
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jean Duplex Wansi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
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Li Z, Ruan JY, Sun F, Yan JJ, Wang JL, Zhang ZX, Zhang Y, Wang T. Relationship between Structural Characteristics and Plant Sources along with Pharmacology Research of Quassinoids. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:654-665. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jing-ya Ruan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Fan Sun
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jie-jing Yan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jian-li Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Zi-xin Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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16
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Chumkaew P, Phatthiya A, Werapun U, Srisawat T. A New Quassinoid from Brucea javanica and its Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic Activities. Chem Nat Compd 2019; 55:471-3. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-019-02717-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the colon, has a rising incidence worldwide. The known pathogenesis is multifactorial and involves genetic predisposition, epithelial barrier defects, dysregulated immune responses, and environmental factors. Nowadays, the drugs for UC include 5-aminosalicylic acid, steroids, and immunosuppressants. Long-term use of these drugs, however, may cause several side effects, such as hepatic and renal toxicity, drug resistance and allergic reactions. Moreover, the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of UC shows significantly positive effects, low recurrence rate, few side effects and other obvious advantages. This paper summarizes several kinds of active compounds used in the experimental research of anti-UC effects extracted from TCM, mainly including flavonoids, acids, terpenoids, phenols, alkaloids, quinones, and bile acids from some animal medicines. It is found that the anti-UC activities are mainly focused on targeting inflammation or oxidative stress, which is associated with increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4, IL-10, SOD), suppressing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-23, NF-κB, NO), reducing the activity of MPO, MDA, IFN-γ, and iNOS. This review may offer valuable reference for UC-related studies on the compounds from natural medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Sheng-Jie Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi-Qiong Pu
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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18
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Zhang Y, Zhang XT, Zhang Q, Wang B, Zhang T. Formulation development and evaluation of gastroretentive floating beads with Brucea javanica oil using ionotropic gelation technology. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:293-301. [PMID: 29703329 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30059-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a gastric retention floating system for Brucea javanica oil, composed of alginate and carrageenan, was prepared using ionotropic gelation. Parameters for floatability, drug load, encapsulation efficiency, bead morphology, in vitro release, and in vivo gastric retention were evaluated. The optimized formulation via Box-Behnken design consisted of 1.7% alginate (W/V), 1.02% carrageenan (W/V), 1.4% CaCO3 (W/V), and a gelling bath of pH 0.8. The alginate-carrageenan-Brucea javanica oil beads had a porous structure and exhibited up to 24 h of in vitro floatability with a load capacity of 45%-55% and an encapsulation efficiency of 70%-80%. A 6-h sustained release was observed in vitro. The beads had a prolonged gastric retention (> 60% at 6 h) in fasted rats, compared to non-floating beads (15% at 6 h), as measured by gamma scintigraphy with single-photon emission tomography/computed tomography (SPET/CT). In conclusion, the alginate-carrageenan-Brucea javanica oil system showed enhanced oil encapsulation efficiency, excellent floating and gastric retention abilities, and a favorable release behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xi-Tong Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Tong Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Man F, Choo CY. Safety assessment of standardized aqueous Brucea javanica extract in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 215:21-26. [PMID: 29288829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The seeds of Brucea javanica and its aqueous decoction is a traditional medicine consumed by diabetic patients in Malaysia. The daily consumption of B. javanica seeds and it's aqueous decoction causes much concern as the quassinoids and its glycosides from the seeds exhibited various pharmacological activity at low doses. AIMS OF STUDY The aim of the present study is to evaluate the repeated dose toxicity of the standardized aqueous extract administered daily for 30 days through oral administration at its effective hypoglycemia doses. MATERIALS AND METHODS The seeds were dried, ground and extracted in deionized water. A HPLC-photodiode array method was developed and validated for the standardization of both the hypoglycemia agents, namely bruceine D and E in aqueous extract. Both normoglycemia and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were fed orally with 15, 30 and 60mg/kg body weight of standardized aqueous extract. The blood glucose was measured at 0-8h. In repeated dose toxicity, similar doses were administered orally to rats for 30 days. At the end of 30 days, the blood was withdrawn and subjected to biochemical and haematology analysis while organs were harvested for histology analysis. RESULTS Oral administration of standardized aqueous extract exhibited a dose-response relationship in both the normoglycemia and STZ-induced diabetic rats. Daily oral administration of 15, 30 and 60mg/kg standardized aqueous extract for 30 days to rats did not show signs to toxicity in its biochemical, haematology and histology analysis. CONCLUSION In conclusion, although the seeds were reported to contain compounds with various pharmacological activity, the daily oral administration to rats for 30 days do not showed signs of toxicity at its effective hypoglycemia doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahdina Man
- MedChem Herbal Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Yan Choo
- MedChem Herbal Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
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20
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Zhou J, Tan L, Xie J, Lai Z, Huang Y, Qu C, Luo D, Lin Z, Huang P, Su Z, Xie Y. Characterization of brusatol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system and its therapeutic effect against dextran sodium sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. Drug Deliv 2018; 24:1667-1679. [PMID: 29078713 PMCID: PMC8253134 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1384521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brusatol (BR) is one of the main bioactive components derived from Brucea javanica, a medicinal herb historically used in the treatment of dysenteric disorders (also known as ulcerative colitis(UC)). Due to its poor aqueous solubility, a novel brusatol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (BR-SMEDDS) nanoformulation with smaller size, higher negative zeta potential and drug content, and excellent stability was developed. The appearance of BR-SMEDDS remained clear and transparent, and transmission electron microscopy showed microemulsion droplets to be spherical with homogeneous distribution. Pharmacokinetic parameters indicated that oral bioavailability was greatly improved by BR-SMEDDS as compared with aqueous suspension. Meanwhile, the anti-colitis activity of BR-SMEDDS was evaluated on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice model. The result illustrated that the nano-formation significantly reduced the body weight loss, recovered colon length, decreased disease activity index and microscopic score, regulated immune-inflammatory cytokines, diminished oxidative stress and repressed the colonic expression of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65) proteins. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that BR could effectively attenuate colonic inflammation in mice, at least partially, via favorable regulation of anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory status and inhibition of the TLR4-linked NF-κB signaling pathway. The BR nano-formulation was superior to BR suspension and sulphasalazine, in treating experimental UC, and exhibited similar effect with azathioprine, with much smaller dosage. The enhanced anti-UC effect of BR might be intimately associated with the improved pharmacokinetic property by SMEDDS. The developed nano-delivery system might thus be a promising candidate for colitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Zhou
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , PR China.,b Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Lihua Tan
- b Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Jianhui Xie
- c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome , The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Zhengquan Lai
- d School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , PR China
| | - Yanfeng Huang
- b Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Chang Qu
- b Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Dandan Luo
- b Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Zhixiu Lin
- d School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , PR China
| | - Ping Huang
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Ziren Su
- b Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Youliang Xie
- b Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , PR China
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Man F, Choo CY. HPLC-MS/MS method for bioavailability study of bruceines D & E in rat plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1063:183-188. [PMID: 28869873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bruceines D and E are quassinoids from seeds of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. exhibiting hypoglycemia effect. The crude drug is used as a traditional medicine by diabetes patients. The aim of this study is to understand the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of both the bruceines D & E. A rapid and sensitive HPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the quantification of both quassinoids, bruceines D & E in rat plasma. Both the bruceines D & E were separated with the Zorbax SBC-18 column with gradient elution and mobile phase system of acetonitrile and deionized water with 0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.5mL/min. Analytes were detected in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with electrospray positive ionization. The quassinoids, namely bruceines D & E were detected with transitions of m/z 411.2→393.2 and m/z 395.2→377.2, respectively. Another quassinoid, eurycomanone was used as the internal standard with transition of m/z 409.2→391.2. The method was validated and conformed to the regulatory requirements. The validated method was applied to pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies in rats. The pharmacokinetic study indicated both bruceine D and E were rapidly absorbed into the circulation system and reached its peak concentration at 0.54±0.34h and 0.66±0.30h, respectively. Bruceine E was eliminated slower than Bruceine D with t1/2 value almost increased two-fold compared to Bruceine D. In conclusion, a rapid, selective and sensitive HPLC-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of both the bruceines D and E in rat plasma. Both bruceines D and E displayed poor oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahdina Man
- MedChem Herbal Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Campus, Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Yan Choo
- MedChem Herbal Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Campus, Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia; PLS Core, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, 40450 Selangor, Malaysia.
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22
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Samat N, Ng MF, Lee HM, Ling SK, Tan PJ, Patel V. Canthin-6-one Isolated from Brucea javanicaRoot Blocks Cancer Cells in the G 2/M phase and Synergizes with Cisplatin. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor prognosis of most cancer patients is in part, due to limited therapeutic options. Furthermore, as chemotherapy remains the standard-of-care for several cancers, partial or lack of response remains a concern and compounding this are the adverse side effects of the treatment that severely impacts the quality of life and survival. In pursuit of improving treatment options, we have opted to investigate the unique chemical skeleton of natural compounds as anticancer therapies. In this study, from an initial screen of 31 crude methanol extracts from ~15 plant species using HL60 cells, the root extract of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr indicated the presence of bioactive compounds. Subsequent bioassay-guided purification on the root extract yielded two alkaloids canthin-6-one (1) and bruceolline J (2), which were further investigated for their bioactivity in representative human cancer lines and normal phenotypic counterparts. MTT assay demonstrated ED50values from 34.7–72.9 μM for 1 and 16.0–54.0 μM for 2 for the cancer cell lines panel. NP69 cells also demonstrated sensitivity to both compounds (9.3 μM and 4.5 μM). As amount of 2 isolated were limiting, we focused on 1 to further identify novel anticancer properties in PC3 and HeLa cancer lines. We observed at 30 μM, 1 induced a G2/M phase arrest coinciding with decreased cell proliferation. Furthermore, 1 was able to synergize the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin when used in combination, suggesting the potential of combination therapy for those less responsive lesions to standard chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norazwana Samat
- Cancer Research Malaysia, No 1, Jalan SS12/1A, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Mei Fong Ng
- Cancer Research Malaysia, No 1, Jalan SS12/1A, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Hui Mei Lee
- Cancer Research Malaysia, No 1, Jalan SS12/1A, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Sui Kiong Ling
- Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Pei Jean Tan
- Cancer Research Malaysia, No 1, Jalan SS12/1A, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Vyomesh Patel
- Cancer Research Malaysia, No 1, Jalan SS12/1A, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Chumkaew P, Pechwang J, Srisawat T. Two new antimalarial quassinoid derivatives from the stems of Brucea javanica. J Nat Med 2017; 71:570-3. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-017-1089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Chumkaew P, Srisawat T. Antimalarial and cytotoxic quassinoids from the roots of Brucea javanica. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2017; 19:247-253. [PMID: 27380205 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2016.1205040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two new quassinoids, brujavanol A (1) and brujavanol B (2), along with five known quassinoids (3-7), were isolated from the roots of Brucea javanica. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The antimalarial and cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were also assessed. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited significant in vitro cytotoxicity against human oral cavity cancer (KB) cells with IC50 values of 1.30 and 2.36 μg/ml, respectively, whereas compound 3 showed excellent antiplasmodial activity against the Plasmodium falciparum strains, K1 (IC50 = 0.58 μg/ml).
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinuch Chumkaew
- a Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology , Prince of Songkla University , Suratthani Campus, Suratthani 84000 , Thailand
| | - Theera Srisawat
- a Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology , Prince of Songkla University , Suratthani Campus, Suratthani 84000 , Thailand
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Ablat A, Halabi MF, Mohamad J, Hasnan MHH, Hazni H, Teh SH, Shilpi JA, Mohamed Z, Awang K. Antidiabetic effects of Brucea javanica seeds in type 2 diabetic rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:94. [PMID: 28166749 PMCID: PMC5294771 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1610-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Brucea javanica (B. javanica) seeds, also known as “Melada pahit” in Indo-Malay region are traditionally used to treat diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of B. javanica seeds on nicotinamide (NA)-streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 2 diabetic (T2D) rats and to analyze its chemical composition that correlate with their pharmacological activities. Methods A hydroethanolic extract of B. javanica seeds was fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. An active fraction was selected after screening for its ability to inhibit α-glucosidase and glycogen phosphorylase α (GP-α). Isolation and characterization were carried out by using column chromatography, NMR and LCMS/MS. All isolates were assayed for inhibition of GP-α and α-glucosidase. Antidiabetic effect of active fraction was further evaluated in T2D rat model. Blood glucose and body weight were measured weekly. Serum insulin, lipid profile, renal function, liver glycogen and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation were analyzed after 4-week treatment and compared with standard drug glibenclamide. Results Ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) exerted good inhibitory potential for α-glucosidase and GP-α compared with other fractions. Chromatographic isolation of the EAF led to the identification of seven compounds: vanillic acid (1), bruceine D (2), bruceine E (3), parahydroxybenzoic acid (4), luteolin (5), protocatechuic acid (6), and gallic acid (7). Among them, Compound (5) was identified as the most potent inhibitor of GP-α and α-glucosidase and its GP-α inhibitory activity (IC50 = 45.08 μM) was 10-fold higher than that of caffeine (IC50 = 457.34 μM), and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 26.41 μM) was 5.5-fold higher than that of acarbose (IC50 = 145.83 μM), respectively. Compounds (4), (6), and (7) inhibited GP-α activity in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 357.88, 297.37, and 214.38 μM, and their inhibitory effect was higher than that of caffeine. These compounds exhibited weak potency on α-glucosidase compared with acarbose. Compounds (1), (2), and (3) showed no inhibition on both GP-α and α-glucosidase. In vivo study showed that EAF treatment significantly reduced blood glucose level, increased insulin and glycogen contents, decreased markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, and lipid levels in T2D rats compared with untreated group. Conclusions The EAF has potential therapeutic value for the treatment of T2D via acting as GP-α and α-glucosidase inhibitors by improving hepatic glucose and carbohydrate metabolism, suppressing oxidative stress, and preventing inflammation in T2D rats. According to the results, the efficacy of EAF could be due to the presence of luteolin along with synergistic effect of multiple compounds such as parahydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid, and gallic acid in B. javanica seeds.
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Zhang Q, Yuan Y, Cui J, Xiao T, Deng Z, Jiang D. Determination of a potential antitumor quassinoid in rat plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and its application in a pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 124:143-148. [PMID: 26945636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the determination of brusatol in rat plasma. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a C18 column using methanol and 10mM ammonium acetate containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid (55:45, v/v). The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1.0 ng/mL for brusatol in plasma. The intra- and inter-day precision for the analyte ranged from 3.2% to 9.2% and 1.3% to 7.8%, and the accuracy was between 97.3% and 108.5%. The method was successfully applied in a pharmacokinetic study of brusatol following intravenous injection (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0mg/kg) of brusatol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Yonghui Yuan
- Department of Infection, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Jianchun Cui
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, the People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhipeng Deng
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China.
| | - Daqing Jiang
- Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China.
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Ye Q, Bai L, Hu S, Tian H, Ruan L, Tan Y, Hu L, Ye W, Zhang D, Jiang R. Isolation, chemotaxonomic significance and cytotoxic effects of quassinoids from Brucea javanica. Fitoterapia 2015; 105:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lahrita L, Kato E, Kawabata J. Uncovering potential of Indonesian medicinal plants on glucose uptake enhancement and lipid suppression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 168:229-36. [PMID: 25862960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As obesity is a key factor in the development of type 2 diabetes, lowering lipid accumulation in adipose tissues is as important as increasing insulin sensitivity in diabetic patients. The selected plant extracts used in this screen have been traditionally used in Indonesian medicine for the treatment of diabetes and its complications. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the ability of the selected plants to both increase insulin sensitivity through the enhancement of glucose uptake after insulin induction in adipocytes and suppress lipid production in the same target cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dried Indonesian medicinal plants were extracted with 50% (v/v) aq. methanol. The extracts were dissolved in 50% DMSO when tested in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The screening platform consists of insulin-induced glucose uptake, lipid accumulation, and cell viability. Initially, an enzymatic fluorescence assay was designed to demonstrate the enhancement of 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) uptake after insulin induction. Different concentrations of the extracts that enhanced glucose uptake were subjected to lipid accumulation assay using Oil Red O staining. Potential extracts based on lipid suppression were subsequently assessed by CCK-8 cell viability assay to distinguish lipid reduction activity from cytotoxicity. RESULTS Out of 59 plants, 13 plants demonstrated their ability to increase glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes after insulin induction, and 4 of these plants' extracts suppressed lipid production of the cells. The CCK-8 assay results of those 4 plant extracts suggest that the lipid inhibition activity of Eurycoma longifolia Jack (root) and Piper nigrum L. (fruits) extracts is not attributed to their cytotoxicity in the adipose cells. Both of the plant extracts increased glucose uptake by more than 200% at 50 μg/mL and suppressed lipid accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Screening of selected Indonesian medicinal plants has uncovered the potentials of E. longifolia Jack (root) and P. nigrum L. (fruits) with dual active functions, increasing insulin sensitivity through the enhancement of glucose uptake and reducing lipid accumulation in adipose cells. These findings suggest that the ability of both plants to suppress lipid production would provide additional benefits in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Lahrita
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Eisuke Kato
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.
| | - Jun Kawabata
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
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Alves IA, Miranda HM, Soares LA, Randau KP. Simaroubaceae family: botany, chemical composition and biological activities. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ablat A, Mohamad J, Awang K, Shilpi JA, Arya A. Evaluation of antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of Brucea javanica seed. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:786130. [PMID: 24688431 PMCID: PMC3933519 DOI: 10.1155/2014/786130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The ethanol extract of B. javanica seed was fractionated with solvents of different polarities and tested for antioxidant activities by several assays including DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ferrous ion chelating activity (FCA), and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity (NORSA) along with their polyphenolic contents. Antidiabetic activity was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo using a glycogen phosphorylase α (GPα) inhibition assay and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in nondiabetic rats. The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), rich in tannin, exhibited the strongest antioxidant activities to DPPH, FRAP, and NORSA, except for FCA. The EAF also exerted a dose-depended inhibition of GPα (IC50 = 0.75 mg/ml). Further evaluation of hypoglycemic effect on OGGT indicated that rats treated with EAF (125 mg/kg bw) showed a 39.91% decrease (P < 0.05) in blood glucose levels at 30 min, and continuous fall (P < 0.05) of 28.89% and 20.29% was observed in the following hours (60 and 90 min) compared to the normal control during OGTT. The EAF was applied to polyamide column chromatography, and the resulting tannin-free fraction was tested for both GPα inhibition and antioxidant (DPPH only) activity. The GP α inhibitory activity was retained, while antioxidant activity was lost (4.6-fold) after tannin removal. These results concluded that the GPα inhibitory activity initially detected was primarily due to the compounds other than tannins, whereas antioxidant activity was mainly due to the tannins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulwali Ablat
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jamaludin Mohamad
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khalijah Awang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jamil A. Shilpi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aditya Arya
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Kadir A, Mokhtar MTM, Wong TW. Nanoparticulate assembly of mannuronic acid- and guluronic acid-rich alginate: oral insulin carrier and glucose binder. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:4353-63. [PMID: 24258282 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The relationship of high and low molecular weight mannuronic acid (M)- and guluronic acid (G)-rich alginate nanoparticles as oral insulin carrier was elucidated. Nanoparticles were prepared through ionotropic gelation using Ca(2+) , and then in vitro physicochemical attributes and in vivo antidiabetic characteristics were examined. The alginate nanoparticles had insulin release retarded when the matrices had high alginate-to-insulin ratio or strong alginate-insulin interaction via OH moiety. High molecular weight M-rich alginate nanoparticles were characterized by assemblies of long polymer chains that enabled insulin encapsulation with weaker polymer-drug interaction than nanoparticles prepared from other alginate grades. They were able to encapsulate and yet release and have insulin absorbed into systemic circulation, thereby lowering rat blood glucose. High molecular weight G- and low molecular weight M-rich alginate nanoparticles showed remarkable polymer-insulin interaction. This retarded the drug release and negated its absorption. Blood glucose lowering was, however, demonstrated in vivo with insulin-free matrices of these nanoparticles because of the strong alginate-glucose binding that led to intestinal glucose retention. Alginate nanoparticles can be used as oral insulin carrier or glucose binder in the treatment of diabetes as a function of its chemical composition. High molecular weight M-rich alginate nanoparticles are a suitable vehicle for future development into oral insulin carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminah Kadir
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor, 42300, Malaysia; Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor, 42300, Malaysia
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Su
- Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Hao
- Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifang Xu
- Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Riming Huang
- Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Nenling Zhang
- Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengxiang Qiu
- Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
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Ortiz MI, Castañeda-Hernández G, Izquierdo-Vega JA, Sánchez-Gutiérrez M, Ponce-Monter HA, Granados-Soto V. Role of ATP-sensitive K+ channels in the antinociception induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in streptozotocin-diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2012; 102:163-9. [PMID: 22546277 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2012.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that systemic sulfonylureas block diclofenac-induced antinociception in normal rat, suggesting that diclofenac activates ATP-sensitive K(+) channels. However, there is no evidence for the systemic interaction between different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and sulfonylureas in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. Therefore, this work was undertaken to determine whether two sulfonylureas, glibenclamide and glipizide, have any effect on the systemic antinociception that is induced by diclofenac (30 mg/kg), lumiracoxib (56 mg/kg), meloxicam (30 mg/kg), metamizol (56 mg/kg) and indomethacin (30 mg/kg) using the non-diabetic and STZ-diabetic rat formalin test. Systemic injections of NSAIDs produced dose-dependent antinociception during the second phase of the test in both non-diabetic and STZ-diabetic rats. Systemic pretreatment with glibenclamide (10 mg/kg) and glipizide (10 mg/kg) blocked diclofenac-induced systemic antinociception in the second phase of the test (P<0.05) in both non-diabetic and STZ-diabetic rats. In contrast, pretreatment with glibenclamide or glipizide did not block lumiracoxib-, meloxicam-, metamizol-, and indomethacin-induced systemic antinociception (P>0.05) in both groups. Results showed that systemic NSAIDs are able to produce antinociception in STZ-diabetic rats. Likewise, data suggest that diclofenac, but not other NSAIDs, activated K(+) channels to induce its systemic antinociceptive effect in the non-diabetic and STZ-diabetic rat formalin test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario I Ortiz
- Área Académica de Medicina del Instituto de Ciencias de lSalud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico.
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Hung HY, Qian K, Morris-Natschke SL, Hsu CS, Lee KH. Recent discovery of plant-derived anti-diabetic natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2012; 29:580-606. [DOI: 10.1039/c2np00074a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ehata MT, Phuati AM, Lumpu SN, Munduki CK, Phongi DB, Lutete GT, Kabangu OK, Kanyanga RC, Matheeussen A, Cos P, Apers S, Pieters L, Maes L, Vlietinck AJ. <i>In Vitro</i> Antiprotozoal and Cytotoxic Activity of the Aqueous Extract, the 80% Methanol Extract and Its Fractions from the Seeds of <i>Brucea sumatrana</i> Roxb. (Simaroubaceae) Growing in Democratic Republic of Congo. Chin Med 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2012.31011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Husain GM, Singh PN, Singh RK, Kumar V. Antidiabetic activity of standardized extract of Quassia amara in nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Phytother Res 2011; 25:1806-12. [PMID: 21480415 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a standardized methanol extract of Quassia amara L. (Family: Simaroubaceae) in nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus was induced by streptozotocin in rats pre-treated with nicotinamide. Diabetic rats were treated with oral doses of Quassia amara extract (QaE; 100 and 200 mg/kg) or glibenclamide (10 mg/kg; as standard). QaE and glibenclamide were administered as a suspension in 0.3% carboxy methyl cellulose for 14 days. Control animals received an equal volume of vehicle. Blood samples were collected by retro-orbital puncture on day 14, 1 h after last treatment. Plasma glucose, insulin and lipid parameters (total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and triglycerides) were measured using commercially available biochemical kits. The oral glucose tolerance test was performed to evaluate the effect of the extract on peripheral glucose utilization in normal rats. Both doses of QaE significantly (p < 0.01) reduced elevated fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. In the oral glucose tolerance test, QaE treatment significantly increased (p < 0.05) the glucose tolerance compared with the vehicle. QaE and glibenclamide, effectively normalized dyslipidemia associated with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The findings of the present study indicate that Quassia amara extract may be potentially valuable in the treatment of diabetes and associated dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulam Mohammed Husain
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Chen YY, Pan QD, Li DP, Liu JL, Wen YX, Huang YL, Lu FL. New Pregnane Glycosides from Brucea javanica and Their Antifeedant Activity. Chem Biodivers 2011; 8:460-6. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Yan XH, Chen J, Di YT, Fang X, Dong JH, Sang P, Wang YH, He HP, Zhang ZK, Hao XJ. Anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) Quassinoids from Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58:1572-1577. [PMID: 20050684 DOI: 10.1021/jf903434h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Two new quassinoids, javanicolide E (1) and javanicolide F (2), along with fifteen known C-20 quassinoids were isolated from the seeds of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. The antitobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity of these quassinoids was screened by the conventional half-leaf and leaf-disk method along with Western blot analysis. All of the seventeen quassinoids showed potent anti-TMV activity. Among them, eight compounds, brusatol (3), bruceine B (4), bruceoside B (5), yadanzioside I (6), yadanzioside L (7), bruceine D (8), yadanziolide A (9), and aglycone of yadanziolide D (17), showed strong antiviral activities, with IC(50) values in the range of 3.42-5.66 microM, and were much more effective than the positive control, ningnanmycin (IC(50) = 117.3 microM). The antiviral structure-activity relationships of quassinoids against TMV were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, People's Republic of China
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