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Villalobos R, Aylagas E, Pearman JK, Curdia J, Coker D, Bell AC, Brown SD, Rowe K, Lozano-Cortés D, Rabaoui LJ, Marshell A, Qurban M, Jones B, Berumen ML, Carvalho S. Biodiversity patterns of the coral reef cryptobiota around the Arabian Peninsula. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9532. [PMID: 38664507 PMCID: PMC11045746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60336-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Arabian Peninsula accounts for approximately 6% of the world's coral reefs. Some thrive in extreme environments of temperature and salinity. Using 51 Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structure (ARMS), a standardized non-destructive monitoring device, we investigated the spatial patterns of coral reef cryptobenthic diversity in four ecoregions around the Arabian Peninsula and analyzed how geographical and/or environmental drivers shape those patterns. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was used to identify Amplicon Sequence Variants and assign taxonomy of the cryptobenthic organisms collected from the sessile and mobile fractions of each ARMS. Cryptobenthic communities sampled from the two ecoregions in the Red Sea showed to be more diverse than those inhabiting the Arabian (Persian) Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. Geographic distance revealed a stronger relationship with beta diversity in the Mantel partial correlation than environmental distance. However, the two mobile fractions (106-500 µm and 500-2000 µm) also had a significant correlation between environmental distance and beta diversity. In our study, dispersal limitations explained the beta diversity patterns in the selected reefs, supporting the neutral theory of ecology. Still, increasing differences in environmental variables (environmental filtering) also had an effect on the distribution patterns of assemblages inhabiting reefs within short geographic distances. The influence of geographical distance in the cryptofauna assemblages makes these relevant, yet usually ignored, communities in reef functioning vulnerable to large scale coastal development and should be considered in ecosystem management of such projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Villalobos
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Eva Aylagas
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - John K Pearman
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Joao Curdia
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Darren Coker
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Alyssa Clothilde Bell
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Shannon D Brown
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean, and Ecosystem Studies, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Katherine Rowe
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- School of Science, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | | | - Lotfi J Rabaoui
- Center for Environment & Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Eastern Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- National Center for Wildlife, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alyssa Marshell
- Sultan Qaboos University, Al Seeb Al Khoudh SQU SEPS, 123, Muscat, Oman
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7053, Australia
| | - Mohammad Qurban
- Center for Environment & Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Eastern Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Burton Jones
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Lee Berumen
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Susana Carvalho
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Vase VK, Raman M, Sahay A, R S, K R, K R S, Dash G, J J, Rohit P, R RK. Dynamics of environmental variables during the incidence of algal bloom in the coastal waters of Gujarat along the northeastern Arabian Sea. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:1238. [PMID: 37736823 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11827-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of physico-chemical, nutrient, and chlorophyll-a variables were studied in the bloom and non-bloom locations along the off-Gujarat coastal waters to understand the variability in biogeochemistry using multivariate analytical tests. The dissolved oxygen was significantly lower in the bloom stations (3.89 ± 0.44 mgL-1) than in the non-bloom stations (5.50 ± 0.70 mg L-1), due to the biological degradation of organic matter in addition to anaerobic microbial respiration. Nutrients (PO4 and NO3) and Chl-a concentrations were recorded higher in the bloom locations at 0.83 ± 0.21 µmol L-1, 4.47 ± 0.69 µmol L-1, 4.14 ± 1.49 mg m-3, respectively. PO4 and NO3 have shown a significantly higher positive correlation of r = 0.73 and r = 0.69 with Chl-a for bloom data than the non-bloom data. The percentage variance contributed by PC1 and PC2 for both bloom and non-bloom locations were estimated at 52.33%. The variable PO4 explains the highest 24.19% variability in PC1, followed by Chl-a (19.89%). The PO4 triggers the bloom formation and also correlates to the higher concentrations of Chl-a in the bloom locations. The bloom concentration ranges from 9553 to 12,235 trichomes L-1. The bloom intensity has shown a significant positive correlation with Chl-a (r = 0.77), NO3 (r = 0.56), and PO4 (r = 0.30), but a negative correlation was noticed with DO (r = - 0.63) and pH (r = - 0.49). The study also initiates a way forward research investigation on ocean-color technologies to identify and monitor blooms and climate change-driven factors for bloom formation. The occurrence of bloom and its influence on fishery resources and other marine biotas will open many research windows in marine fisheries, oceanography, remote sensing, marine biology, and trophodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinaya Kumar Vase
- Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangaluru, Karnataka, 574199, India.
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India.
| | - Mini Raman
- ISRO-Space Application Center, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Arvind Sahay
- ISRO-Space Application Center, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Shikha R
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India
| | - Rajan K
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India
| | - Sreenath K R
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India
| | - Gyanaranjan Dash
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India
| | - Jayasankar J
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India
| | - Prathibha Rohit
- Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangaluru, Karnataka, 574199, India
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India
| | - Ratheesh Kumar R
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India
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Xiaodong L, Weijing L, Fan J, Ziqin C, Yang C, Ziyang W, Tan Y, Jing L, Weicheng W, Xinhua C. The dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans in China: A review of its distribution and role in harmful algal blooms. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 194:115415. [PMID: 37634317 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans is often reported as a worldwide HAB species and caused severe financial losses to local aquaculture. In this review, we summarized the temporal and geographical distribution of its HABs in China, as well as its position in the plankton structure. Increasing N. scintillans HABs, both frequency and coverage, have broken out in almost all Chinese coastal regions mainly from April to June, with short-term and small coverage blooms as the primary type. The HAB period seems to shift with age and latitude. Recently, increasing abundance and dominance of N. scintillans were also reported in plankton communities in Chinese coastal waters, with multiple environmental factors related. In particular, trophic relationships may play an important role in its dominance and outbreaks of HABs. However, how N. scintillans became a dominant species in China and the mechanisms responsible for its HABs require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiaodong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350002, China.
| | - Lu Weijing
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Jiang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Chen Ziqin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Chang Yang
- College of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Wang Ziyang
- College of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Yan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266071, China; Centre for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Jing
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Wang Weicheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Chen Xinhua
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350002, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou 350108, China
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Wang K, Lin H, Peng C, Sun L, Gao Y, Chen B. Long-term changes in Noctiluca scintillans blooms along the Chinese coast from 1933 to 2020. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:5099-5113. [PMID: 37349871 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Noctiluca scintillans is one of the most common harmful algal species and widely known due to its bioluminescence. In this study, the spatial distribution, seasonal variations, and long-term trends of N. scintillans blooms in China and the related drivers were analyzed and discussed. From 1933 to 2020, a total of 265 events of N. scintillans blooms were recorded in Chinese coastal waters, with a total duration of 1052 days. The first N. scintillans bloom occurred in Zhejiang in 1933, and only three events were recorded before 1980. From 1981 to 2020, N. scintillans caused harmful algal blooms (HABs) almost every year, both the average duration and the proportion of multiphase HABs showed an increasing trend. 1986-1992, 2002-2004, and 2009-2016 were the three peak periods with a frequency of no less than five events of N. scintillans blooms per year. In terms of spatial distribution, N. scintillans blooms spread from the Southeast China Sea to the Bohai Sea after 2000, Guangdong, Fujian, and Hebei were the three provinces with the highest numbers of recorded events of N. scintillans blooms. Moreover, 86.8% of the events of N. scintillans blooms occurred in spring (March, April, and May) and summer (June, July, and August). Among environmental factors, the dissolved inorganic phosphate, dissolved silicate and chemical oxygen demand were significantly correlated with the cell density of N. scintillans during N. scintillans blooms, and most of N. scintillans blooms were recorded in the temperature range of 18.0-25.0°C. Precipitation, hydrodynamics, water temperature, and food availability might be the main factors affecting the spatial-temporal distribution of N. scintillans blooms along the Chinese coast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Conghui Peng
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Lin Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yahui Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Baohong Chen
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen, China
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Shetye S, Pratihary A, Shenoy D, Kurian S, Gauns M, Uskaikar H, Naik B, Nandakumar K, Borker S. Rice husk as a potential source of silicate to oceanic phytoplankton. Sci Total Environ 2023; 879:162941. [PMID: 36934917 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Global oceans are witnessing changes in the phytoplankton community composition due to various environmental stressors such as rising temperature, stratification, nutrient limitation, and ocean acidification. The Arabian Sea is undergoing changes in its phytoplankton community composition, especially during winter, with the diatoms being replaced by harmful algal blooms (HABs) of dinoflagellates. Recent studies have already highlighted dissolved silicate (DSi) limitation and change in Silicon (Si)/Nitrogen (N) ratios as the factors responsible for the observed changes in the phytoplankton community in the Arabian Sea. Our investigation also revealed Si/N < 1 in the northern Arabian Sea, indicating DSi limitation, especially during winter. Here, we demonstrate that rice husk with its phytoliths is an important source of bioavailable DSi for oceanic phytoplankton. Our experiment showed that a rice husk can release ∼12 μM of DSi in 15 days and can release DSi for ∼20 days. The DSi availability increased diatom abundance up to ∼9 times. The major benefitted diatom species from DSi enrichment were Nitzshia spp., Striatella spp., Navicula spp., Dactiliosolen spp., and Leptocylindrus spp. The increase in diatom abundance was accompanied by an increase in fucoxanthin and dimethyl sulphide (DMS), an anti-greenhouse gas. Thus, the rice husk with its buoyancy and slow DSi release has the potential to reduce HABs, and increase diatoms and fishery resources in addition to carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration in DSi-limited oceanic regions such as the Arabian Sea. Rice husk if released at the formation site of the Subantarctic mode water in the Southern Ocean could supply DSi to the thermocline in the global oceans thereby increasing diatom blooms and consequently the biotic carbon sequestration potential of the entire ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas Shetye
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403 004, Goa, India.
| | - Anil Pratihary
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403 004, Goa, India
| | - Damodar Shenoy
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403 004, Goa, India
| | - Siby Kurian
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403 004, Goa, India
| | - Mangesh Gauns
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403 004, Goa, India
| | - Hema Uskaikar
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403 004, Goa, India
| | - Bhagyashri Naik
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403 004, Goa, India
| | - K Nandakumar
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403 004, Goa, India
| | - Sidhesh Borker
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403 004, Goa, India
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Wang Z, Yu Z, He L, Zhu J, Liu L, Song X. Establishment and preliminary study of electrophysiological techniques in a typical red tide species. Sci Total Environ 2022; 840:156698. [PMID: 35710000 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrophysiology studies the electrical properties of cells and tissues including bioelectrical signals and membrane ion channel activities. As an important means to reveal ion channel related physiological functions and the underlying mechanisms, electrophysiological techniques have been widely used in studies of animals, higher plants and algae that are closely related to higher plants. However, few electrophysiological studies have been carried out in red tide organisms, especially in dinoflagellates, which is mainly due to the complex surface structure of dinoflagellate amphiesma. In this study, the surface amphiesma of Alexandrium pacificum, a typical red tide species, was removed by centrifugation, low-temperature treatment and enzymatic treatment. In all three treatments, low-temperature treatment with 4 °C for 2 h had high ecdysis rate and high fixation rate, and the treated cells were easy to puncture, so low-temperature treatment was used as a preprocessing treatment for subsequent current recording. Acquired protoplasts of A. pacificum were identified by calcofluor fluorescence and immobilized by poly-lysine. A modified "puncture" single-electrode voltage-clamp recording was first applied to dinoflagellates, and voltage-gated currents, which had the characteristics of outward K+ current and inward Cl- current, were recorded and confirmed by ion replacement, indicating the voltage-gated currents were mixed. This method can be used as a technical basis for the electrophysiological study of dinoflagellates and provides a new perspective for the study of stress tolerance, red tide succession, and the regulation of physiological function of dinoflagellates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhiming Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Liyan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jianan Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lidong Liu
- The Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brian Health and Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xiuxian Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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7
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Kitchel ZJ, Conrad HM, Selden RL, Pinsky ML. The role of continental shelf bathymetry in shaping marine range shifts in the face of climate change. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:5185-5199. [PMID: 35698263 PMCID: PMC9540106 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
As a consequence of anthropogenic climate change, marine species on continental shelves around the world are rapidly shifting deeper and poleward. However, whether these shifts deeper and poleward will allow species to access more, less, or equivalent amounts of continental shelf area and associated critical habitats remains unclear. By examining the proportion of seabed area at a range of depths for each large marine ecosystem (LME), we found that shelf area declined monotonically for 19% of LMEs examined. However, the majority exhibited a greater proportion of shelf area in mid-depths or across several depth ranges. By comparing continental shelf area across 2° latitudinal bands, we found that all coastlines exhibit multiple instances of shelf area expansion and contraction, which have the potential to promote or restrict poleward movement of marine species. Along most coastlines, overall shelf habitat increases or exhibits no significant change moving towards the poles. The exception is the Southern West Pacific, which experiences an overall loss of area with increasing latitude. Changes in continental shelf area availability across latitudes and depths are likely to affect the number of species local ecosystems can support. These geometric analyses help identify regions of conservation priority and ecological communities most likely to face attrition or expansion due to variations in available area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë J. Kitchel
- Ecology and Evolution Graduate ProgramRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Hailey M. Conrad
- Department of Fish and Wildlife ConservationBlacksburgVirginiaUSA
| | | | - Malin L. Pinsky
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural ResourcesRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
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8
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Alosairi Y, Al-Ragum A, Al-Houti D. Environmental mechanisms associated with fish kill in a semi-enclosed water body: An integrated numerical modeling approach. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 217:112238. [PMID: 33915452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fish kill incidents are causing increasing concern to coastal communities globally due to the associated economical, commercial and social impacts. In the Arabian/Persian Gulf, human activities have accelerated to meet the rising demands and the economical ambitions, and are associated with organic and inorganic waste loads linked to algal blooms and fish kills in the receiving environment. Understanding the environmental circumstances associated with these events is crucial for planning and coastal management. This study focuses on Kuwait Bay (in the NW of the Gulf) which has a history of repeated fish kills on multiple scales. A numerical model has been successfully utilized, reproducing the key elements associated with fish kill incidents (hydrodynamics, water quality, and particle tracking) and revealing the transport and mixing time scales associated with the major fish kill incident in the Bay in 2020. The study indicated that the environmental circumstances of fish kills can vary in the Bay, so such incidents must be investigated individually. The large scale fish kill incident was found to be associated with unprecedented waste loads during summer 2020. This coincided with a low dynamic period at critical locations within the Bay. As a result, major hypoxic conditions lasting 15 days occurred along the main axis of the Bay in a manner unusual compared to previous events. The model provided key information on the dissolved oxygen, including the mixing and transport time scales, before, during, and after the event. The transport of the dead fish from the hypoxic front to the shoreline was also modeled. Collectively, model results provided generic coastal management approaches suitable for shallow embayments such as the Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Alosairi
- Environmental & Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR), P. O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait.
| | - A Al-Ragum
- Environmental & Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR), P. O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait
| | - D Al-Houti
- Environmental & Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR), P. O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait
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Sha J, Xiong H, Li C, Lu Z, Zhang J, Zhong H, Zhang W, Yan B. Harmful algal blooms and their eco-environmental indication. Chemosphere 2021; 274:129912. [PMID: 33979937 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in freshwater lakes and oceans date back to as early as the 19th century, which can cause the death of aquatic and terrestrial organisms. However, it was not until the end of the 20th century that researchers had started to pay attention to the hazards and causes of HABs. In this study, we analyzed 5720 published literatures on HABs studies in the past 30 years. Our review presents the emerging trends in the past 30 years on HABs studies, the environmental and human health risks, prevention and control strategies and future developments. Therefore, this review provides a global perspective of HABs and calls for immediate responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sha
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China; School of Tourism and Resource Environment, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, China
| | - Haiyan Xiong
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiying Lu
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35924, United States
| | - Jichao Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
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10
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Lakshmi RS, Prakash S, Lotliker AA, Baliarsingh SK, Samanta A, Mathew T, Chatterjee A, Sahu BK, Nair TMB. Physicochemical controls on the initiation of phytoplankton bloom during the winter monsoon in the Arabian Sea. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13448. [PMID: 34188247 PMCID: PMC8242075 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92897-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Occurrence of phytoplankton bloom in the northern Arabian Sea (NAS) during the winter monsoon is perplexing. The convective mixing leads to a deeper and well-oxygenated (> 95% saturation) mixed layer. We encountered low chlorophyll conditions though the nutrient conditions were favorable for a bloom. The mean ratio of silicate (Si) to DIN (Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen: nitrate + nitrite + ammonium) in the euphotic zone was 0.52 indicating a “silicate-stressed” condition for the proliferation of diatoms. Also, the euphotic depth was much shallower (~ 49 m) than the mixed layer (~ 110 m) suggesting the Sverdrup critical depth limitation in the NAS. We show that the bloom in this region initiates only when the mixed layer shoals towards the euphotic zone. Our observations further suggest that two primary factors, the stoichiometric ratio of nutrients, especially the Si/DIN ratio, in the mixed layer and re-stratification of the upper water column, govern the phytoplankton blooming in NAS during the later winter monsoon. The important finding of the present study is that the Sverdrup’s critical depth limitation gives rise to the observed low chl-a concentration in the NAS, despite having enough nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Lakshmi
- Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Hyderbad, 500090, India.,Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kochi, 682506, India
| | - Satya Prakash
- Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Hyderbad, 500090, India.
| | - Aneesh A Lotliker
- Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Hyderbad, 500090, India
| | - Sanjiba K Baliarsingh
- Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Hyderbad, 500090, India
| | - Alakes Samanta
- Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Hyderbad, 500090, India
| | - Teesha Mathew
- Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Hyderbad, 500090, India.,Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kochi, 682506, India
| | - Abhisek Chatterjee
- Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Hyderbad, 500090, India
| | - Biraja K Sahu
- Atal Centre for Ocean Science and Technology for Islands, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 744103, India
| | - T M Balakrishnan Nair
- Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Hyderbad, 500090, India
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11
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Li H, Song C, Yang L, Qin H, Cao X, Zhou Y. Phosphorus supply pathways and mechanisms in shallow lakes with different regime. Water Res 2021; 193:116886. [PMID: 33581400 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to better understand the pathways and mechanisms of phosphorus (P) supply under different regimes, 12 sampling sites from 4 basins of 2 lakes were studied seasonally from October 2017 to July 2018 in Wuhan City, China. Concentrations of different forms of P and nitrogen (N) in surface and interstitial water, contents of carbon (C), N, P and iron (Fe) compounds as well as related extracellular enzymatic activities, phosphorus sorption, abundance of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (PSB), total and specific (containing phosphatase gene) microbial community composition in sediments were analyzed. In lakes with macrophyte dominance, P supply pathway from sediment to water column was blocked. In lakes being early period of regime shifting from macrophyte to algae, exogenous P input was the main P supply mode. In lakes being later period of regime shifting from macrophyte to algae, organic P hydrolysis and calcium-bound P dissociation driven by PSB contributed greatly to P regeneration, which was continuous and trickling. In this process, rapid C and N cycles fueled P regeneration. In lakes with algal dominance, given the significantly higher iron-bound P (Fe(OOH)~P), equilibriums phosphorus concentration and dehydrogenase activity, the main P regeneration pathway might be the desorption of Fe(OOH)~P driven by anoxia, showing the seasonal and pulsed characteristics. In addition, during the process of regime shift from macrophyte to algae, the dominant algal species switched from cyanobacteria to Chlorophyta. P-solubilizing microorganisms correlated with environmental factors, suggesting the coupling of multiple nutrient cycles, especially C, N, P, oxygen (O) and Fe, could effectively increase the pathways diversification and the strength of P regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tong Ren University, Tong Ren 554300, PR China
| | - Chunlei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, PR China.
| | - Hangdao Qin
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tong Ren University, Tong Ren 554300, PR China
| | - Xiuyun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Yiyong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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12
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Park HJ, Kwak JH, Kang HY, Kwon KY, Lim W, Kang CK. Incorporation of Cochlodinium bloom-derived organic matter into a temperate subtidal macrobenthic food web as traced by stable isotopes. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 154:111053. [PMID: 32174502 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms involving the dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides occur every summer off the Korean peninsula's central southern coast. To determine whether Cochlodinium bloom-derived organic carbon is incorporated into the subtidal macrobenthic food web, we compared the δ13C and δ15N values of suspended particulate organic matter (SPOM) and sedimentary organic matter, and macrobenthic consumers between bloom and non-bloom seasons. Chemotaxonomic analysis revealed the presence of Cochlodinium blooms in summer and a predominance of diatoms in autumn. Both the δ13C and δ15N values of SPOM were higher in the bloom than in the non-bloom seasons. Such temporal shifts in the δ13C and δ15N values were also observed for most macrobenthic consumers collected in both seasons. Consistent temporal isotopic shifts in SPOM and macrobenthos revealed that the Cochlodinium bloom-derived carbon was incorporated into the coastal benthic food web, resulting from its increasing availability during blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Je Park
- Department of Marine Bioscience, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Kwak
- Department of Marine Bioscience, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea; School of Earth Science & Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Yoon Kang
- School of Earth Science & Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Young Kwon
- Research and Development Planning Department, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Weolae Lim
- Ocean Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Keun Kang
- School of Earth Science & Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Xia X, Ki Leung S, Cheung S, Zhang S, Liu H. Rare bacteria in seawater are dominant in the bacterial assemblage associated with the Bloom-forming dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans. Sci Total Environ 2020; 711:135107. [PMID: 31818556 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Noctiluca scintillans is a bloom-forming dinoflagellate, which is widely distributed in the global coastal seas. Associated bacteria have been proven to be essential for the survival and growth of zooplanktons. However, the diversity and function of bacteria associated with Noctiluca scintillans are under studied and largely unknown. Here, we examined the diversity and function of bacteria associated with field-acquired and laboratory-maintained Noctiluca cells. Our results showed that the bacterial communities associated with the laboratory-maintained Noctiluca were dominated by Rhodobacterales, whereas those associated with the field-acquired Noctiluca varied over time. In addition, major Noctiluca-associated bacteria had low relative abundance in the ambient environment. We also observed that when field-acquired Noctiluca were cultivated with a mono-species food source, there was a shift in the associated bacterial communities. Metagenomic analysis showed that genes involved in DNA replication/repair and osmotic regulation were more abundant than other genes in the Noctiluca-associated bacterial community. Furthermore, the associated bacteria were able to degrade various complex carbohydrates and actively participate in the nitrogen cycle in their host cells. In addition, a draft genome of the Rickettsiaceae strain was recovered, and we showed that the genome did not contain genes encoding hexokinase and phosphoglucomutase, two key enzymes involved in glucose utilization. Instead, the primary energy sources of this bacteria were shown to be glutamate, glutamine and pyruvate, which might be obtained from the host. We suggest that in return, the Rickettsiaceae strain is likely to provide cofactors and amino acids to the host. This study highlights the spatial and temporal complexity of bacterial communities associated with Noctiluca, and provides valuable insights into the interaction between a host and its associated bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), PR China.
| | - Sze Ki Leung
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shunyan Cheung
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science & Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
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14
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Nwankwegu AS, Li Y, Huang Y, Wei J, Norgbey E, Sarpong L, Lai Q, Wang K. Harmful algal blooms under changing climate and constantly increasing anthropogenic actions: the review of management implications. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:449. [PMID: 31832296 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1976-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review reports all management approaches (physical, chemical, and biological) traditionally adopted in mitigating the global impact of harmful cyanobacterial blooms (cyanoHABs). It recognizes that each mitigation strategy shows characteristic associated limitations and notes that no remedial step has provided a sustainable solution to HABs on a global scale. It emphasizes that the putative anthropogenic N&P inputs reduction through improved wastewater treatment and regulation of point and non-point sources-agricultural fertilizers only offer a short term solution. These approaches are rather preventive than curative hence, do not address concerns relating to the recovery of already-eutrophic and hypereutrophic systems. It raises new concerns on the implications of non-agricultural pollutants such as hydrocarbon fractions in bloom accretions often neglected while addressing HAB triggers. It also accesses the global impacts of HABs as it pertains to socio-economic implications in the geographically diverse world. It, therefore, proposes that Integrated Management Intervention involving the merging of two or more mitigation steps be administered across the aquatic continua as a prudent management solution to complement the current N&P dual management paradigm. It stresses that the contemporaneous adoption of management options with both preventive and curative measures is a key to sustainable HAB management. This review provides sufficient advances and current scenarios for approaching cyanoHABs. Further, it advocates that future research perspectives tackle the mitigation design beyond the short-term nutrient regulations and the parochial attention to the point and non-point N&P input sources.
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15
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Alosairi Y, Alsulaiman N. Hydro-environmental processes governing the formation of hypoxic parcels in an inverse estuarine water body: Model validation and discussion. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 144:92-104. [PMID: 31180010 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of fish kill events is not thoroughly understood in Kuwait Bay (KB). However, it is obvious that fish kill events have a close relationship with hypoxia due to some biogeochemical processes. Hydrodynamics controls the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration that occurs within various spatial and temporal scales. The current study utilizes a previously validated hydrodynamic model to drive a three-dimensional water quality model for KB. The water quality model was validated using comprehensive field measurements during the summer of 2018. Reasonable model computations were achieved to represent the general patterns of the DO in KB. The model computations reproduced the formation of hypoxic water parcels. Some minor fish kill events that occurred during summer 2018 correlated well with predicted hypoxic parcels. The hydro-environmental controls over the extent of the hypoxic parcels and interplaying forces shall be addressed in a separate article by the same authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Alosairi
- Coastal Management Program, Environmental and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait.
| | - N Alsulaiman
- Coastal Management Program, Environmental and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait
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16
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Song C, Cao X, Zhou Y, Azzaro M, Monticelli LS, Leonardi M, La Ferla R, Caruso G. Different pathways of nitrogen and phosphorus regeneration mediated by extracellular enzymes in temperate lakes under various trophic state. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:31603-31615. [PMID: 30206832 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Several Italian and Chinese temperate lakes with soluble reactive phosphorus concentrations < 0.015 mg L-1 were studied to estimate nitrogen and phosphorus regeneration mediated by microbial decomposition and possible different mechanisms driven by prevailing oligo- or eutrophic conditions. Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), beta-glucosidase (GLU) and alkaline phosphatase (AP), algal, and bacterial biomass were related to trophic and environmental variables. In the eutrophic lakes, high algal and particulate organic carbon concentrations stimulated bacterial respiration (> 20 μg C L-1 h-1) and could favor the release of inorganic phosphorus. High extracellular enzyme activities and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria abundance in sediments accelerated nutrient regeneration. In these conditions, the positive GLU-AP relationship suggested the coupling of carbon and phosphorus regeneration; an efficient phosphorus regeneration and high nitrogen levels (up to 0.067 and 0.059 mg L-1 NH4 and NO3 in Italy; 0.631 and 1.496 mg L-1 NH4 and NO3 in China) led to chlorophyll a peaks of 14.9 and 258.4 μg L-1 in Italy and China, respectively, and a typical algal composition. Conversely, in the oligo-mesotrophic lakes, very low nitrogen levels (in Italy, 0.001 and 0.005 mg L-1 NH4 and NO3, respectively, versus 0.053 and 0.371 mg L-1 in China) induced high LAP, while low phosphorus (33.6 and 46.3 μg L-1 total P in Italy and China, respectively) led to high AP. In these lakes, nitrogen and phosphorus regeneration were coupled, as shown by positive LAP-AP relationship; however, the nutrient demand could not be completely met without the supply from sediments, due to low enzymatic activity and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria found in this compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Song
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7# Donghu South Road, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiuyun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7# Donghu South Road, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yiyong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7# Donghu South Road, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Maurizio Azzaro
- Institute for Coastal Marine Environment (IAMC-CNR), Italian National Research Council, Spianata S. Raineri 86, 98122, Messina, Italy
| | - Luis Salvador Monticelli
- Institute for Coastal Marine Environment (IAMC-CNR), Italian National Research Council, Spianata S. Raineri 86, 98122, Messina, Italy
| | - Marcella Leonardi
- Institute for Coastal Marine Environment (IAMC-CNR), Italian National Research Council, Spianata S. Raineri 86, 98122, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosabruna La Ferla
- Institute for Coastal Marine Environment (IAMC-CNR), Italian National Research Council, Spianata S. Raineri 86, 98122, Messina, Italy
| | - Gabriella Caruso
- Institute for Coastal Marine Environment (IAMC-CNR), Italian National Research Council, Spianata S. Raineri 86, 98122, Messina, Italy.
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17
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Khan B, Clinton SM, Hamp TJ, Oliver JD, Ringwood AH. Potential impacts of hypoxia and a warming ocean on oyster microbiomes. Mar Environ Res 2018; 139:27-34. [PMID: 29753492 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Sandra M Clinton
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Timothy J Hamp
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - James D Oliver
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Amy H Ringwood
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.
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18
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Lotliker AA, Baliarsingh SK, Trainer VL, Wells ML, Wilson C, Udaya Bhaskar TVS, Samanta A, Shahimol SR. Characterization of oceanic Noctiluca blooms not associated with hypoxia in the Northeastern Arabian Sea. Harmful Algae 2018; 74:46-57. [PMID: 29724342 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Intense blooms of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate, green Noctiluca scintillans, have been reported annually in the Northern Arabian Sea since the early 2000s. Although not known to produce organic toxins, these blooms are still categorized as a harmful due to their association with massive fish mortalities. Recent work has attributed these blooms to the vertical expansion of the oxygen minimum zone, driven by cultural eutrophication from major coastal cities in western India. As diatoms are preferred prey of green Noctiluca scintillans, more frequent blooms of this mixotroph will likely impact the productivity of important fisheries in the region. The present study uses a satellite algorithm to determine the distribution of both diatom and green Noctiluca blooms in the Northeastern Arabian Sea from 2009 to 2016. The results from shipboard microscopy of phytoplankton community composition were used to validate the satellite estimates. The satellite algorithm showed 76% accuracy for detection of green Noctiluca and 92% for diatoms. Shipboard measurements and data from biogeochemical-Argo floats were used to assess the relationship between oxygen concentrations and green Noctiluca blooms in the Northeastern Arabian Sea. Regardless of the presence of a Noctiluca bloom, the dissolved oxygen in the photic zone was always >70% saturated, with an average oxygen saturation >90%. The variability in the relative abundance of diatoms and green Noctiluca is not correlated with changes in oxygen concentration. These findings provide no evidence that cultural eutrophication has contributed to the decadal scale shifts in plankton composition in the Northeastern Arabian Sea oceanic waters. Conversely, the climatic warming of surface waters would have intensified stratification, thereby reducing net nutrient flux to the photic zone and decreasing silicate to nitrate ratios (Si:N); both factors that could increase the competitive advantage of the mixotroph, green Noctiluca, over diatoms. If so, the decadal-scale trajectory of phytoplankton community composition in the Northeastern Arabian Sea may be a harbinger of future climate-driven change in other productive oceanic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesh A Lotliker
- Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Ocean Valley, Pragathi Nagar (BO), Nizampet (SO), Hyderabad, 500090, India.
| | - S K Baliarsingh
- Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Ocean Valley, Pragathi Nagar (BO), Nizampet (SO), Hyderabad, 500090, India
| | - Vera L Trainer
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA, 98112, USA
| | - Mark L Wells
- School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Cara Wilson
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 255A, Monterey, California, CA, 93940, USA
| | - T V S Udaya Bhaskar
- Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Ocean Valley, Pragathi Nagar (BO), Nizampet (SO), Hyderabad, 500090, India
| | - Alakes Samanta
- Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Ocean Valley, Pragathi Nagar (BO), Nizampet (SO), Hyderabad, 500090, India
| | - S R Shahimol
- Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Panangad P.O., Kochi, Kerala, 682506, India
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