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Xiao T, Yang L, Yang F, Nie G, Jin X, Peng X, Zhong X, Wang J, Lu Y, Zheng Y. Traceability of chemicals from Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook. f. in raw honey and the potential synergistic effects of honey on acute toxicity induced by celastrol and triptolide. Food Chem 2024; 447:139044. [PMID: 38513481 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The object of this study was to trace TwHf-derived toxins in raw honey and clarify their acute toxic effect related to the addition of honey or sugars. TwHf flowers, raw honey from TwHf planting base and from beekeepers in high-risk area were detected using LC-MS/MS. The results revealed five target toxins were detected in TwHf flowers; only celastrol was detected in one raw honey sample, as a food safety risk factor, celastrol had been traced back to TwHf flowers from raw honey. In a series of acute toxic tests on zebrafish, toxification effects were observed when honey, mimic honey or sugar was mixed with toxins. The degree of toxicity varied among various sugar-based solutions. At the same mass concentration, they follow this order: raw honey/mimic honey > glucose > fructose. The main toxic target organs of triptolide and celastrol with honey were the heart and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xiao
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China; College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Li Yang
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China; College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Guang Nie
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China; College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiue Jin
- Hubei Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xiaoying Peng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhong
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Hubei Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Ying Lu
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China; College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Yajie Zheng
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China; College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Ommati MM, Nozhat Z, Sabouri S, Kong X, Retana-Márquez S, Eftekhari A, Ma Y, Evazzadeh F, Juárez-Rojas L, Heidari R, Wang HW. Pesticide-Induced Alterations in Locomotor Activity, Anxiety, and Depression-like Behavior Are Mediated through Oxidative Stress-Related Autophagy: A Persistent Developmental Study in Mice. J Agric Food Chem 2024. [PMID: 38708789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF), dichlorvos (DDV), and cypermethrin (CP), as commonly used pesticides, have been implicated in inducing neuropsychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, depression-like behaviors, and locomotor activity impairment. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of these adverse effects, particularly in both sexes and their next-generation effects, remain unclear. In this study, we conducted behavioral analysis, along with cellular assays (monodansylcadaverine staining) and molecular investigations (qRT-PCR and western blotting of mTOR, P62, and Beclin-1) to clear the potential role of autophagy in pesticide-induced behavioral alterations. For this purpose, 42 adult female and 21 male inbred ICR mice (F0) were distributed into seven groups. Maternal mice (F0) and 112 F1 offspring were exposed to 0.5 and 1 ppm of CPF, DDV, and CP through drinking water. F1 male and female animals were studied to assess the sex-specific effects of pesticides on brain tissue. Our findings revealed pronounced anxiogenic effects and impaired locomotor activity in mice. F1 males exposed to CPF (1 ppm) exhibited significantly elevated depression-like behaviors compared to other groups. Moreover, pesticide exposure reduced mTOR and P62 levels, while enhancing the Beclin-1 gene and protein expression. These changes in autophagy signaling pathways, coupled with oxidative and neurogenic damage in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, potentially contribute to heightened locomotor activity, anxiety, and depression-like behaviors following pesticide exposure. This study underscores the substantial impact of pesticides on both physiological and behavioral aspects, emphasizing the necessity for comprehensive assessments and regulatory considerations for pesticide use. Additionally, the identification of sex-specific responses presents a crucial dimension for pharmaceutical sciences, highlighting the need for tailored therapeutic interventions and further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Ommati
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71468 64685, Iran
| | - Zahra Nozhat
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Samira Sabouri
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Socorro Retana-Márquez
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, México City 09340, Mexico
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Yanqin Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Fatemeh Evazzadeh
- Department of Psychology, Science & Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Lizbeth Juárez-Rojas
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, México City 09340, Mexico
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71468 64685, Iran
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
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Pereira RC, Vieira Júnior JOL, Barcelos JVPL, Peçanha LS, França TA, Mendonça LVP, da Silva WR, Samuels RI, Silva GA. The stingless bee Trigona spinipes (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is at risk from a range of insecticides via direct ingestion and trophallactic exchanges. Pest Manag Sci 2024; 80:2188-2198. [PMID: 38158650 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stingless bee, Trigona spinipes, is an important pollinator of numerous native and cultivated plants. Trigona spinipes populations can be negatively impacted by insecticides commonly used for pest control in crops. However, this species has been neglected in toxicological studies. Here we observed the effects of seven insecticides on the survival of bees that had fed directly on insecticide-contaminated food sources or received insecticides via trophallactic exchanges between nestmates. The effects of insecticides on flight behavior were also determined for the compounds considered to be of low toxicity. RESULTS Imidacloprid, spinosad and malathion were categorized as highly toxic to T. spinipes, whereas lambda-cyhalothrin, methomyl and chlorfenapyr were of medium to low toxicity and interfered with two aspects of flight behavior evaluated here. Chlorantraniliprole was the only insecticide tested here that had no significant effect on T. spinipes survival, although it did interfere with one aspect of flight capacity. A single bee that had ingested malathion, spinosad or imidacloprid, could contaminate three, four and nineteen other bees, respectively via trophallaxis, resulting in the death of the recipients. CONCLUSION This is the first study to evaluate the ecotoxicology of a range of insecticides that not only negatively affected T. spinipes survival, but also interfered with flight capacity, a very important aspect of pollination behavior. The toxicity of the insecticides was observed following direct ingestion and also via trophallactic exchanges between nestmates, highlighting the possibility of lethal effects of these insecticides spreading throughout the colony, reducing the survival of non-foraging individuals. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Cunha Pereira
- Laboratory of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Olívio Lopes Vieira Júnior
- Laboratory of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ludimila Simões Peçanha
- Laboratory of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thalles Alves França
- Laboratory of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Laís Viana Paes Mendonça
- Laboratory of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Rosa da Silva
- Laboratory of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Richard Ian Samuels
- Laboratory of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gerson Adriano Silva
- Laboratory of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Chen J, Sheng CW, Peng Y, Wang K, Jiao Y, Palli SR, Cao H. Transcript Level and Sequence Matching Are Key Determinants of Off-Target Effects in RNAi. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:577-589. [PMID: 38135672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) pesticides, those based on RNA interference (RNAi) technology utilizing dsRNA, have shown potential for pest control. However, the off-target effects of dsRNA pose limitations to the widespread application of RNAi and raise concerns regarding potential side effects on other beneficial organisms. The precise impact and underlying factors of these off-target effects are still not well understood. Here, we found that the transcript level and sequence matching jointly regulate off-target effects of dsRNA. The much lower expressed target genes were knocked down to a lesser extent than genes with higher expression levels, and the critical sequence identity of off-target effects is approximately 80%. Moreover, off-target effects could be triggered by a contiguous matching sequence length exceeding 15 nt as well as nearly perfectly matching sequences with one or two base mismatches exceeding 19 nt. Increasing the dosage of dsRNA leads to more severe off-target effects. However, the length of mismatched dsRNA, the choice of different RNAi targets, and the location of target sites within the same gene do not affect the severity of off-target effects. These parameters can be used to guide the design of possibly selective sequences for RNAi, optimize the specificity and efficiency of dsRNA, and facilitate practical applications of RNAi for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yingchuan Peng
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Kangxu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Yaoyu Jiao
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Haiqun Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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Liu Y, Jiang S, Xiang Y, Lin F, Yue X, Li M, Xiao J, Cao H, Shi Y. In vivo-in vitro correlations (IVIVC) for the assessment of pyrethroid bioavailability in honey. Food Chem 2023; 429:136873. [PMID: 37459714 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Bioaccessibility/bioavailability is an important factor in assessing the potential human health risk via oral exposure. However, methods for accurately predicting the bioaccessibility/bioavailability of pesticide residues are still limited, preventing accurate measurements of actual exposure to pesticide residues. In this study, pyrethroid bioavailability in honey were analysed using a mouse bioassay and bioaccessibility via in vitro methods with Tenax extraction. The results demonstrated that the combined liver plus kidney data served as an appropriate biomarker to estimate the relative bioavailability. Notably, significant in vivo-in vitro correlations (IVIVC) were observed between bioavailability and bioaccessibility (R2 = 0.7898-0.9793). Estimation of the bioavailability of honey from different nectar plants using derived IVIVC confirmed that different contents and physicochemical properties might affect its bioavailability. The findings provide insight into assessing human exposure to pesticides based on bioavailability and can decrease the uncertainty about the assessment of the risk of dietary exposure to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Liu
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Siyuan Jiang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Yuxin Xiang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Fengxiang Lin
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Xingyu Yue
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Minkun Li
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Jinjing Xiao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Haiqun Cao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Yanhong Shi
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China.
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Li J, Guo D, Wang F, Tian M, Wang C, Guo X, Xu B, Wang Y. Functional analysis of AccCDK2-like and AccCINP-like genes in Apis cerana cerana under pesticide and heavy metal stress. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2023; 195:105540. [PMID: 37666611 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals and pesticides represent prominent sources of pollution in the natural habitat of Apis cerana cerana, potentially endangering their health through the induction of oxidative stress reactions. This study aimed to address this issue by isolating AccCDK2-like and AccCINP-like proteins from Apis cerana cerana and investigating their functional roles in honey bee resistance against pesticide and heavy metal stresses. Bioinformatics analysis revealed significant homology of these proteins with those found in other species. Functional studies confirmed their participation in interaction with each other, alongside demonstrating distinct patterns of expression and localization. Specifically, AccCDK2-like exhibited higher expression levels in prepupae and muscle tissues, while AccCINP-like showed maximal expression in brown pupae and abdomen. Furthermore, the expression levels of these proteins were found to be modulated in response to pesticide and heavy metal stresses. Notably, overexpression of AccCDK2-like and AccCINP-like led to a noticeable alteration in E. coli's ability to withstand external stresses. Additionally, silencing of the AccCDK2-like and AccCINP-like genes resulted in a significant reduction in antioxidant enzyme activity and the expression levels of genes related to antioxidant function. Consequently, the mortality rate of Apis cerana cerana under pesticide and heavy metal stresses conspicuously increased. Hence, our findings suggest that AccCDK2-like and AccCINP-like proteins potentially play a crucial role in the response of Apis cerana cerana to pesticide and heavy metal stress, likely by modulating the antioxidant pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Dezheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohua Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China.
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Gaubert J, Giovenazzo P, Derome N. Individual and social defenses in Apis mellifera: a playground to fight against synergistic stressor interactions. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1172859. [PMID: 37485064 PMCID: PMC10360197 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1172859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The honeybee is an important species for the agri-food and pharmaceutical industries through bee products and crop pollination services. However, honeybee health is a major concern, because beekeepers in many countries are experiencing significant colony losses. This phenomenon has been linked to the exposure of bees to multiple stresses in their environment. Indeed, several biotic and abiotic stressors interact with bees in a synergistic or antagonistic way. Synergistic stressors often act through a disruption of their defense systems (immune response or detoxification). Antagonistic interactions are most often caused by interactions between biotic stressors or disruptive activation of bee defenses. Honeybees have developed behavioral defense strategies and produce antimicrobial compounds to prevent exposure to various pathogens and chemicals. Expanding our knowledge about these processes could be used to develop strategies to shield bees from exposure. This review aims to describe current knowledge about the exposure of honeybees to multiple stresses and the defense mechanisms they have developed to protect themselves. The effect of multi-stress exposure is mainly due to a disruption of the immune response, detoxification, or an excessive defense response by the bee itself. In addition, bees have developed defenses against stressors, some behavioral, others involving the production of antimicrobials, or exploiting beneficial external factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Gaubert
- Laboratoire Derome, Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Laboratoire Giovenazzo, Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Giovenazzo
- Laboratoire Derome, Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Derome
- Laboratoire Derome, Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Laboratoire Giovenazzo, Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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He L, Zhang J, Shen L, Ji X, Li R. Occurrence of pesticide residues in honey from apiaries with incidents of honeybee poisoning in East China and a corresponding risk assessment for honeybees and Chinese consumers. J Food Sci 2023. [PMID: 37326343 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the occurrence of 80 pesticide residues in 96 honey samples from apiaries with honeybee poisoning incidences by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and subsequently conducted risk assessments of exposure for in-hive honeybees and Chinese consumers. Six pesticides were detected with residue concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 130.9 µg/kg. The mean concentrations of acetamiprid, dinotefuran, hexythiazox, propargite, semiamitraz, and carbendazim in positive samples were 7.9 ± 9.1, 5.9 ± 1.7, 3.0 ± 1.6, 44.2 ± 50.0, 9.0 ± 9.4, and 5.5 ± 4.1 µg/kg, respectively. Carbendazim, semiamitraz, and acetamiprid were the major contaminants in honey, with incidences of 99.0%, 93.8%, and 49.0%, respectively. The cooccurrence of pesticides (≥2 pesticides) was detected in 95.9% of the samples, with up to six residual pesticides found in one sample. The HQ (hazard quotient) values of the six pesticides to in-hive honeybees were from 4.7 × 10-8 to 0.021, less than 1, indicating their acceptable exposure risk to honeybees. In terms of the representative-case and worst-case scenarios, the sum of separate HQs of each pesticide yielding an HI (hazard index) ranged from 0.012 to 0.016 for in-hive worker honeybees and from 0.015 to 0.021 for in-hive larva honeybees, indicating an overall acceptable potential cumulative risk of multiple pesticides to in-hive honeybees. Both the %ARfD (acute reference dose) value (0.0001-0.075) and %ADI (acceptable daily intake) value (0.00002-0.0046) of risky pesticides were much less than 100, revealing acceptable risk exposure to risky pesticides via honey consumption for human health. Thus, our results showed that multipesticide residual honey from apiaries with honeybee poisoning incidents in East China was safe for humans and in-hive honeybees. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This analytical approach will be used in detecting multiple pesticide residues in honey and risk assessment for dietary exposure to pesticide residues. It can support various surveillance programs about honey safety and in-hive honeybee health evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang He
- Animal Experiment Center; The Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Tongxiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiaxing, P. R. China
| | - Leiding Shen
- Agricultural Economic Service Center, Jiaxing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Ji
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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Tong Z, Shen Y, Meng D, Yi X, Sun M, Dong X, Chu Y, Duan J. Ecological threat caused by malathion and its chiral metabolite in a honey bee-rape system: Stereoselective exposure risk and the mechanism revealed by proteome. Sci Total Environ 2023; 874:162585. [PMID: 36870510 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Honey bees play an important role in the ecological environment. Regrettably, a decline in honey bee colonies caused by chemical insecticides has occurred throughout the world. Potential stereoselective toxicity of chiral insecticides may be a hidden source of danger to bee colonies. In this study, the stereoselective exposure risk and mechanism of malathion and its chiral metabolite malaoxon were investigated. The absolute configurations were identified using an electron circular dichroism (ECD) model. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used for chiral separation. In pollen, the initial residues of malathion and malaoxon enantiomers were 3571-3619 and 397-402 μg/kg, respectively, and R-malathion degraded relatively slowly. The oral LD50 values of R-malathion and S-malathion were 0.187 and 0.912 μg/bee with 5 times difference, respectively, and the malaoxon values were 0.633 and 0.766 μg/bee. The Pollen Hazard Quotient (PHQ) was used to evaluate exposure risk. R-malathion showed a higher risk. An analysis of the proteome, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and subcellular localization, indicated that energy metabolism and neurotransmitter transport were the main affected pathways. Our results provide a new scheme for the evaluation of the stereoselective exposure risk of chiral pesticides to honey bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Tong
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - DanDan Meng
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China
| | - XiaoTong Yi
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China
| | - MingNa Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xu Dong
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China; Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yue Chu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China
| | - JinSheng Duan
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China.
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Xiao J, Liu Y, Jiang S, Wang H, Liu Y, Lin F, Liu T, Fang K, Liao M, Shi Y, Cao H. Incorporating Bioaccessibility into Inhalation Exposure Assessment of Emamectin Benzoate from Field Spraying. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:7978-7988. [PMID: 37162498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The inhalation exposure of pesticide applicators and residents who live close to pesticide-treated fields is a worldwide concern in public health. Quantitative assessment of exposure to pesticide inhalation health risk highlights the need to accurately assess the bioaccessibility rather than the total content in ambient air. Herein, we developed an in vitro method to estimate the inhalation bioaccessibility of emamectin benzoate and validated its applicability using a rat plasma pharmacokinetic bioassay. Emamectin benzoate was extracted using the Gamble solution, with an optimized solid-to-liquid ratio (1/250), extraction time (24 h), and agitation (200 rpm), which obtained in vitro inhalation bioaccessibility consistent with its inhalation bioavailability in vivo (32.33%). The margin of exposure (MOE) was used to assess inhalation exposure risk. The inhalation unit exposures to emamectin benzoate of applicators and residents were 11.05-28.04 and 0.02-0.04 ng/m3, respectively, varying markedly according to the methods of application, e.g., formulations and nozzles. The inhalation risk assessment using present application methods appeared to be acceptable; however, the MOE of emamectin benzoate might be overestimated by 32% without considering inhalation bioaccessibility. Collectively, our findings contribute insights into the assessment of pesticide inhalation exposure based on bioaccessibility and provide guidance for the safe application of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Xiao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Yuanhui Liu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Siyuan Jiang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Yuying Liu
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Fengxiang Lin
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Tianhe Liu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Ke Fang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Min Liao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Yanhong Shi
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Haiqun Cao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
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11
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Végh R, Csóka M, Mednyánszky Z, Sipos L. Pesticide residues in bee bread, propolis, beeswax and royal jelly - A review of the literature and dietary risk assessment. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 176:113806. [PMID: 37121430 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to pollinator decline observed worldwide, many studies have been conducted on the pesticide residue content of apicultural products including bee bread, propolis, beeswax and royal jelly. These products are consumed for their nutraceutical properties, although, little information is available on the human health risk posed by pesticides present in them. In our research, studies dealing with the pesticide contamination of the above-mentioned hive products are reviewed. Dietary exposures were calculated based on the recommended daily intake values and concentration data reported by scientific studies. Potential acute and chronic health risk of consumers were evaluated by comparing the exposure values with health-based guidance values. Available data indicate that a wide range of pesticide residues, especially acaricides may accumulate in bee bread, propolis and beeswax, up to concentration levels of more thousand μg/kg. Based on our observations, tau-fluvalinate, coumaphos, chlorfenvinphos, chlorpyrifos and amitraz are commonly detected pesticide active substances in beehive products. Our estimates suggest that coumaphos and chlorfenvinphos can accumulate in beeswax to an extent that pose a potential health risk to the consumers of comb honey. However, it appears that pesticide residues do not transfer to royal jelly, presumably due to the filtering activity of nurse bees during secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Végh
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Department of Nutrition, 1118, Budapest, Somlói út 14-16., Hungary
| | - Mariann Csóka
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Department of Nutrition, 1118, Budapest, Somlói út 14-16., Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Mednyánszky
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Department of Nutrition, 1118, Budapest, Somlói út 14-16., Hungary
| | - László Sipos
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Department of Postharvest, Commercial and Sensory Science, 1118, Budapest, Villányi út 29-43., Hungary; Institute of Economics, Centre of Economic and Regional Studies, Lóránd Eötvös Research Network, 1097, Budapest, Tóth Kálmán utca 4., Hungary.
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12
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Kaur G, Singh A, Sharma R, Thakur A, Tuteja S, Shyamli, Singh R. Effect of fungicidal contamination on survival, morphology, and cellular immunity of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Front Physiol 2023; 14:1099806. [PMID: 37179823 PMCID: PMC10167026 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1099806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticide residues have been reported in hive-stored products for long periods. Larvae of honey bees experience oral or contact exposure to these products during their normal growth and development inside the cells. We analyzed various toxicological, morphogenic, and immunological effects of residue-based concentrations of two fungicides, captan and difenoconazole, on the larvae of worker honey bees, Apis mellifera. Selected concentrations (0.08, 0.4, 2, 10, and 50 ppm) of both fungicides were applied topically at a volume of 1 µL/larva/cell as single and multiple exposures. Our results revealed a continuous, concentration-dependent decrease in brood survival after 24 h of treatment to the capping and emergence stages. Compared to larvae with a single exposure, the multiply exposed youngest larvae were most sensitive to fungicidal toxicity. The larvae that survived higher concentrations, especially multiple exposures, showed several morphological defects at the adult stage. Moreover, difenoconazole-treated larvae showed a significantly decreased number of granulocytes after 1 h of treatment followed by an increase after 24 h of treatment. Thus, fungicidal contamination poses a great risk as the tested concentrations showed adverse effects on the survival, morphology, and immunity of larval honey bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurleen Kaur
- PG Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College Amritsar, Amritsar, India
| | - Amandeep Singh
- Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College Garhdiwala, Hoshiarpur, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Shushant Tuteja
- PG Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College Amritsar, Amritsar, India
| | - Shyamli
- PG Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College Amritsar, Amritsar, India
| | - Randeep Singh
- PG Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College Amritsar, Amritsar, India
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13
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Lv L, Li W, Li X, Wang D, Weng H, Zhu YC, Wang Y. Mixture toxic effects of thiacloprid and cyproconazole on honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). Sci Total Environ 2023; 870:161700. [PMID: 36690094 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide exposure remains one of the main factors in the population decline of insect pollinators. It is urgently necessary to assess the effects of mixtures on pollinator risk assessments because they are often exposed to numerous agrochemicals. In the present study, we explored the mixture toxic effects of thiacloprid (THI) and cyproconazole (CYP) on honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). Our findings revealed that THI possessed higher acute toxicity to A. mellifera (96-h LC50 value of 216.3 mg a.i. L-1) than CYP (96-h LC50 value of 601.4 mg a.i. L-1). It's worth noting that the mixture of THI and CYP exerted an acute synergistic effect on honey bees. At the same time, the activities of detoxification enzyme cytochrome P450s (CYP450s) and neuro target enzyme Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), as well as the expressions of seven genes (CRBXase, CYP306A1, CYP6AS14, apidaecin, defensing-2, vtg, and gp-93) associated with detoxification metabolism, immune response, development, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, were significantly altered in the combined treatment compared with the corresponding individual exposures of THI or CYP. These data indicated that a mixture of THI and CYP could disturb the physiological homeostasis of honey bees. Our study provides a theoretical basis for in-depth studies on the impacts of pesticide mixtures on the health of honey bees. Our study also provides important guidance for the rational application of pesticide mixtures to protect pollinators in agricultural production effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Wenhong Li
- Guizhou Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Xinfang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Dou Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hongbiao Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yu-Cheng Zhu
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA.
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China.
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14
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Kasiotis KM, Zafeiraki E, Manea-Karga E, Anastasiadou P, Machera K. Pesticide Residues and Metabolites in Greek Honey and Pollen: Bees and Human Health Risk Assessment. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040706. [PMID: 36832781 PMCID: PMC9955768 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bees encounter a plethora of environmental contaminants during nectar and pollen collection from plants. Consequently, after their entrance into the beehives, the transfer of numerous pollutants to apicultural products is inevitable. METHODS In this context, during the period of 2015-2020, 109 samples of honey, pollen, and beebread were sampled and analyzed for the determination of pesticides and their metabolites. More than 130 analytes were investigated in each sample by applying two validated multiresidue methods (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS). RESULTS Until the end of 2020, 40 determinations were reported in honey, resulting in a 26% positive to at least one active substance. The concentrations of pesticides ranged from 1.3 ng/g to 785 ng/g honey. For seven active substances in honey and pollen, maximum residue limits (MRLs) exceedances were observed. Coumaphos, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, amitraz metabolites (DMF and DMPF), and tau-fluvalinate were the predominant compounds detected in honey, while several pyrethroids such as λ-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, and cyfluthrin were also found. Pollen and beebread, as expected, accumulated a higher number of active substances and metabolites (32 in total), exhibiting almost double the number of detections. CONCLUSIONS Although the above findings verify the occurrence of numerous pesticide and metabolite residues in both honey and pollen, the human risk assessment in the majority of the cases does not raise any concerns, and the same applies to bee risk assessment.
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Abbou M, Chabbi M, Benicha M. Assessment of phytosanitary practices on the environment: case study potato of Loukkos (northwest Morocco). Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:352. [PMID: 36723690 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-10949-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Loukkos perimeter is among the most important irrigated agricultural areas in Morocco. It covers horticulture and market garden production, including potato. This crop is characterized by the intensive use of pesticides that could lead to health and ecological risks, via the food chain and contamination of natural resources, including groundwater. This study is aimed at assessing the use of pesticides in potato cultivation and their impacts on the environment and human health. Here, pesticide use was characterized by the number of treatments (NT), quantity of active substances indicator (QASI), and the treatment frequency indicator (TFI), through field surveys carried out on 50 Loukkos potato producers. The results showed that farmers use heavy pesticide treatments, mainly against late blight. We determined NT = 19 treatments, total TFI = 28.10, and QASI = 14.86 kg/ha. These values reflect a massive use of pesticides on this crop, which could therefore constitute a challenge and a major constraint for the development of sustainable agriculture in this zone, due to their negative environmental and health effects. It is, therefore, necessary to react quickly to make changes in phytosanitary practices with the aim to monitoring pesticide use via the agro-environmental indicators to reduce health and environmental impact of intensive pesticide use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abbou
- Laboratory of Pesticides Residues, UR Research On Nuclear Techniques, Environment and Quality, National Institute for Agricultural Research, Tangier, Morocco.
- Laboratory of Physical-Chemistry of Materials, Natural Substances and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tangier, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Chabbi
- Laboratory of Physical-Chemistry of Materials, Natural Substances and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tangier, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Benicha
- Laboratory of Pesticides Residues, UR Research On Nuclear Techniques, Environment and Quality, National Institute for Agricultural Research, Tangier, Morocco
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16
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Cang T, Lou Y, Zhu YC, Li W, Weng H, Lv L, Wang Y. Mixture toxicities of tetrachlorantraniliprole and tebuconazole to honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) and the potential mechanism. Environ Int 2023; 172:107764. [PMID: 36689864 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of pesticides has negative effects on the health of insect pollinators. Although pollinators in the field are seldom exposed to individual pesticides, few reports have assessed the toxic impacts of pesticide combinations on them. In this work, we purposed to reveal the combined impacts of tetrachlorantraniliprole (TET) and tebuconazole (TEB) on honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). Our data exhibited that TET had greater toxicity to A. mellifera (96-h LC50 value of 298.2 mg a.i. L-1) than TEB (96-h LC50 value of 1,841 mg a.i. L-1). The mixture of TET and TEB displayed acute synergistic toxicity to the pollinators. Meanwhile, the activities of CarE, CYP450, trypsin, and sucrase, as well as the expressions of five genes (ppo, abaecin, cat, CYP4G11, and CYP6AS14) associated with immune response, oxidative stress, and detoxification metabolism, were conspicuously altered when exposed to the mixture relative to the individual exposures. These results provided an overall comprehension of honey bees upon the challenge of sublethal toxicity between neonicotinoid insecticides and triazole fungicides and could be used to assess the intricate toxic mechanisms in honey bees when exposed to pesticide mixtures. Additionally, these results might guide pesticide regulation strategies to enhance the honey bee populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Cang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yancen Lou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yu-Cheng Zhu
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
| | - Wenhong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China; Guizhou Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Hongbiao Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China.
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17
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Alkassab AT, Kunz N, Bischoff G, Lüken D, Janke M, Wallner K, Kirchner WH, Pistorius J. Large-scale study investigating the effects of a tank mixture containing thiacloprid-prochloraz on honey bees (Apis mellifera). Chemosphere 2023; 313:137396. [PMID: 36442678 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Risk assessment of plant protection products (PPPs) will be conducted before authorization for their possible effects on non-target organisms, including honey bees. Tank mixtures are often common practice by farmers, and mostly their effects on honey bees are not routinely assessed. To enable a realistic assessment of laboratory-reported effects of a combination of the insecticide thiacloprid and fungicide prochloraz on honey bees, a large-scale field study with spray application in winter oilseed rape was conducted in four regions in Germany. Several parameters were investigated, including mortality, flight activity, and colony development. Residue analysis of various materials (e.g., dead bees, nectar, and pollen) was conducted to assess exposure level. We observed several intoxication symptoms 2 h after application, including a high number of moribund bees and dead bees on the first day after application (DAA +1) compared to the control. Adverse effects were observed on the number of open brood cells, with a significant reduction of approximately 22% compared to control over the experimental period. High residue concentrations were detected on flowers and dead bees on the day of application, which decreased rapidly within six days. The residue concentrations detected were higher in bee-collected materials than in materials stored in the hive. In conclusion, exposure to a combination containing thiacloprid-prochloraz poses a high risk to honey bees. Thus, the application of such a mixture on flowering crops is restricted in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahim T Alkassab
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Bee Protection, Messeweg 11-12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Nadine Kunz
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Bee Protection, Messeweg 11-12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gabriela Bischoff
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Bee Protection, Königin-Luise-Straße 19, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorothee Lüken
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Bee Protection, Messeweg 11-12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany; LAVES Institut für Bienenkunde, Herzogin-Eleonore-Allee 5, 29221, Celle, Germany
| | - Martina Janke
- LAVES Institut für Bienenkunde, Herzogin-Eleonore-Allee 5, 29221, Celle, Germany
| | - Klaus Wallner
- University of Hohenheim, Apicultural State Institute, Erna-Hruschka-Weg 6, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H Kirchner
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jens Pistorius
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Bee Protection, Messeweg 11-12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany
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18
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Skowronek P, Strachecka A. Cannabidiol (CBD) Supports the Honeybee Worker Organism by Activating the Antioxidant System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020279. [PMID: 36829838 PMCID: PMC9952166 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the experiment, we tested the effect of 30% CBD oil on the activity of the antioxidant system (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione), the level of total antioxidant capacity, and the concentrations of ions (calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus) in honeybee workers in the hive test. For this purpose, we prepared hives containing all stages of the development of honey bees and started the experiment by adding 200 marked, one-day old bees to each colony (intended for hemolymph collection). In the test, we created three groups (two colonies per group): (1) Experimental with CBD oil mixed with sugar syrup (CSy); (2) experimental with CBD oil on textile strips (CSt); and (3) control with pure sugar syrup only (C). Every week, we collected hemolymph from the marked bees. In the experiment, all antioxidant enzyme activities were higher for the experimental groups CSy and CSt compared to group C. The highest concentrations/levels were obtained for the CSy group. Concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus ions were also higher for the experimental groups compared to the C group (the highest concentration for the CSy group). We conclude that CBD oil positively contributes to stimulating the antioxidant system of honeybees.
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19
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Wang D, Lv L, Gao Z, Zhu YC, Weng H, Yang G, Wang Y. Joint toxic effects of thiamethoxam and flusilazole on the adult worker honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). Environ Pollut 2023; 317:120806. [PMID: 36470454 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Insect pollinators are routinely exposed to a complex mixture of many pesticides. However, traditional environmental risk assessment is only carried out based on ecotoxicological data of single substances. In this context, we aimed to explore the potential effects when worker honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) were simultaneously challenged by thiamethoxam (TMX) and flusilazole (FSZ). Results displayed that TMX possessed higher toxicity to A. mellifera (96-h LC50 value of 0.11 mg a. i. L-1) than FSZ (96-h LC50 value of 738 mg a. i. L-1). Furthermore, the mixture of TMX and FSZ exhibited an acute synergistic impact on the pollinators. Meanwhile, the activities of SOD, caspase 3, caspase 9, and PPO, as well as the expressions of six genes (abaecin, dorsal-2, defensin-2, vtg, caspase-1, and CYP6AS14) associated with oxidative stress, immune response, lifespan, cell apoptosis, and detoxification metabolism were noteworthily varied in the individual and mixture challenges than at the baseline level. These data revealed that it is imminently essential to investigate the combined toxicity of pesticides since the toxicity evaluation from individual compounds toward honey bees may underestimate the toxicity in realistic conditions. Overall, the present results could help understand the potential contribution of pesticide mixtures to the decline of bee populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dou Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhongwen Gao
- Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Zhu
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS, 38776, USA
| | - Hongbiao Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Guiling Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, PR China.
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20
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Tang QH, Li WL, Wang JP, Li XJ, Li D, Cao Z, Huang Q, Li JL, Zhang J, Wang ZW, Guo J, Li JL. Effects of spinetoram and glyphosate on physiological biomarkers and gut microbes in Bombus terrestris. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1054742. [PMID: 36699673 PMCID: PMC9868390 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1054742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The sublethal effects of pesticide poisoning will have significant negative impacts on the foraging and learning of bees and bumblebees, so it has received widespread attention. However, little is known about the physiological effects of sublethal spinetoram and glyphosate exposure on bumblebees. We continuously exposed Bombus terrestris to sublethal (2.5 mg/L) spinetoram or glyphosate under controlled conditions for 10 days. The superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, carboxylesterase, prophenoloxidase, α-amylase and protease activities, and changes in gut microbes were measured to understand the effects of sublethal pesticide exposure on the physiology and gut microbes of bumblebees. Sublethal pesticide exposure to significantly increased superoxide dismutase activity and significantly decreased gut α-amylase activity in bumblebees but had no significant effect on glutathione-S-transferase, carboxylesterase or gut protease activities. In addition, glyphosate increased the activity of prophenoloxidase. Interestingly, we observed that neither of the two pesticides had a significant effect on dominant gut bacteria, but glyphosate significantly altered the structure of the dominant gut fungal community, and reduced the relative abundance of Zygosaccharomyces associated with fat accumulation. These results suggest that sublethal spinetoram and glyphosate do not significantly affect the detoxification system of bumblebees, but may affect bumblebee health by inhibiting energy acquisition. Our results provide information on the sublethal effects of exposure to low concentrations of glyphosate and spinetoram on bumblebees in terms of physiology and gut microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-He Tang
- Key Laboratory for Insect-Pollinator Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Wan-Li Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jie-Ping Wang
- ChongQing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi-Jie Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Dan Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Zhe Cao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jia-Li Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jinghong, China,*Correspondence: Zheng-Wei Wang, ; Jun Guo, ; Ji-Lian Li,
| | - Jun Guo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,*Correspondence: Zheng-Wei Wang, ; Jun Guo, ; Ji-Lian Li,
| | - Ji-Lian Li
- Key Laboratory for Insect-Pollinator Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Zheng-Wei Wang, ; Jun Guo, ; Ji-Lian Li,
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21
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Jaramillo-Zárate MJ, Londoño-Giraldo LM. Pesticides in honey: bibliographic and bibliometric analysis towards matrix quality for consumption. Braz J Food Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.11222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Honey is a matrix noted for its wide consumption as a sweetener and its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties; however, its physicochemical quality can be compromised by the presence of toxicants such as pesticides. This review aims to gather recent information on pesticides in honey from the approach to their detection, understanding, and adverse effects on human health. A bibliographic and bibliometric analysis was carried out in academic databases limited to the last five and thirty years, respectively, comprising the keywords “honey”, “pesticides” and their types of pesticides or the agrochemical compound directly. It was found that there are about 30 pesticides detected in honey, in which organochlorine, organophosphate, and neonicotinoid compounds stood out for their concentrations concerning Maximum Residue Levels (MRL). Their physicochemical alteration was not well explored beyond slight variations in brightness and manganese concentration, and its consumption may have repercussions on human reproductive health. It was also determined that there was limited development on the scientific subject seeing that it is important to explore and investigate more on the issue due to the great impact of honey as a product of high consumption at a global level.
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22
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Cui P, Wu H, Jiang T, Tao J, Zhu Z, Liu P, Yu L, Zhang Y. Diversity and antibacterial potential of the Actinobacteria associated with Apis mellifera ligustica. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1056176. [PMID: 36590398 PMCID: PMC9800615 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1056176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect-associated Actinobacteria are a potentially rich source of novel natural products with antibacterial activity. Here, the community composition of Actinobacteria associated with Apis mellifera ligustica was investigated by integrated culture-dependent and independent methods. A total of 61 strains of Streptomyces genera were isolated from the honeycomb, larva, and different anatomical parts of the honeybee's body using the culture-dependent method. Amplicon sequencing analyses revealed that the actinobacterial communities were dominated by the family of Bifidobacteriaceae and Microbacteriaceae in the honeybee gut, and Nocardiaceae and Pseudonocardiaceae in the honeycomb, whereas only Streptomyces genera were isolated by the culture-dependent method. Culture-independent analyses showed more diverse actinobacterial communities than those of culture-dependent methods. The antibacterial bioassay showed that most crude extracts of representative isolates exhibited antibacterial activities. Among them, the crude extract of Streptomyces sp. FCF01 showed the best antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus tetragenus, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) with the disc diameter of inhibition zone diameter (IZD) of 23.00, 15.00, and 13.33 mm, respectively. Chemical analysis of Streptomyces sp. FCF01 led to the isolation of three secondary metabolites, including mayamycin (1), mayamycin B (2), and N-(2-Hydroxyphenyl) acetamide (3). Among them, compound 1 displayed strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus, M. tetragenus, and Psa with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values of 6.25, 12.5, and 6.25 μg/ml, respectively. In addition, two novel derivative compounds 1a and 1b were synthesized by acetylation of compound 1. Both compounds 1a and 1b displayed similar antibacterial activities with those of metabolite 1. These results indicated that Streptomyces species associated with honeybees had great potential in finding antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Haoyang Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Taoshan Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Tao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Linsheng Yu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yinglao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Yinglao Zhang,
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23
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Sharma A, Pant K, Brar DS, Thakur A, Nanda V. A review on Api-products: current scenario of potential contaminants and their food safety concerns. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Wang K, Chen H, Fan RL, Lin ZG, Niu QS, Wang Z, Ji T. Effect of carbendazim on honey bee health: Assessment of survival, pollen consumption, and gut microbiome composition. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 239:113648. [PMID: 35605324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota and nutrition play major roles in honey bee health. Recent reports have shown that pesticides can disrupt the gut microbiota and cause malnutrition in honey bees. Carbendazim is the most commonly used fungicide in China, but it is not clear whether carbendazim negatively affects the gut microbes and nutrient intake levels in honey bees. To address this research gap, we assessed the effects of carbendazim on the survival, pollen consumption, and sequenced 16 S rRNA gene to determine the bacterial composition in the midgut and hindgut. Our results suggest that carbendazim exposure does not cause acute death in honey bees even at high concentrations (5000 mg/L), which are extremely unlikely to exist under field conditions. Carbendazim does not disturb the microbiome composition in the gut of young worker bees during gut microbial colonization and adult worker bees with established gut communities in the mid and hindgut. However, carbendazim exposure significantly decreases pollen consumption in honey bees. Thus, exposure of bees to carbendazim can perturb their beneficial nutrition homeostasis, potentially reducing honey bee immunity and increasing their susceptibility to infection by pathogens, which influence effectiveness as pollinators, even colony health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Heng Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Rong-Li Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Zhe-Guang Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Qing-Sheng Niu
- Key Laboratory for Bee Genetics and Breeding, Jilin Provincial Institute of Apicultural Sciences, Jilin Province 132108, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Bee Genetics and Breeding, Jilin Provincial Institute of Apicultural Sciences, Jilin Province 132108, China
| | - Ting Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
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25
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Abstract
Fungicides account for more than 35% of the global pesticide market and their use is predicted to increase in the future. While fungicides are commonly applied during bloom when bees are likely foraging on crops, whether real-world exposure to these chemicals - alone or in combination with other stressors - constitutes a threat to the health of bees is still the subject of great uncertainty. The first step in estimating the risks of exposure to fungicides for bees is to understand how and to what extent bees are exposed to these active ingredients. Here we review the current knowledge that exists about exposure to fungicides that bees experience in the field, and link quantitative data on exposure to acute and chronic risk of lethal endpoints for honey bees (Apis mellifera). From the 702 publications we screened, 76 studies contained quantitative data on residue detections in honey bee matrices, and a further 47 provided qualitative information about exposure for a range of bee taxa through various routes. We compiled data for 90 fungicides and metabolites that have been detected in honey, beebread, pollen, beeswax, and the bodies of honey bees. The risks posed to honey bees by fungicide residues was estimated through the EPA Risk Quotient (RQ) approach. Based on residue concentrations detected in honey and pollen/beebread, none of the reported fungicides exceeded the levels of concern (LOC) set by regulatory agencies for acute risk, while 3 and 12 fungicides exceeded the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) chronic LOC for honey bees and wild bees, respectively. When considering exposure to all bees, fungicides of most concern include many broad-spectrum systemic fungicides, as well as the widely used broad-spectrum contact fungicide chlorothalonil. In addition to providing a detailed overview of the frequency and extent of fungicide residue detections in the bee environment, we identified important research gaps and suggest future directions to move towards a more comprehensive understanding and mitigation of the risks of exposure to fungicides for bees, including synergistic risks of co-exposure to fungicides and other pesticides or pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Rondeau
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Nigel E Raine
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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26
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Wang F, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang S, Shi P, Li-Byarlay H, Luo S. Pesticide residues in beebread and honey in Apis cerana cerana and their hazards to honey bees and human. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 238:113574. [PMID: 35512473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The residue of pesticides in bee products such as beebread and honey threaten the survival of pollinators and human health. Apis cerana cerana is one of the leading managed honey bees in China. However, little is known about the residues of pesticides in hive products of A. c. cerana in China. Here, we investigated the pesticide residues in beebread and honey. The risk of detected residues of pesticides to honey bees was evaluated with hazard quotient (HQ) and BeeREX. Furthermore, we assessed the chronic and acute risks to humans according to the dietary exposure. Our results suggest that the pesticide residues detection ratio (25.4% for beebread and 2.8% for honey) and the concentrations of these residues is lower than previously reported. Additional risk assessments indicate that the residue levels of pesticides in tested honey of A. c. cerana do not pose a risk for human consumers. Among all identified pesticides, only thiamethoxam raises the concern for further risk assessment in the risk evaluation of honey bee colonies and thiamethoxam was safe for colonies in higer tier studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
| | - Yong Li
- Guyuan Beekeeping Experimental Station, Guyuan 756099, China
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- Gansu Institute of Apicultural Research, Tianshui 741022, China
| | - Pengzhen Shi
- Gansu Institute of Apicultural Research, Tianshui 741022, China
| | - Hongmei Li-Byarlay
- Agricultural Research and Development Program, Central State University, Wilberforce 45384, USA
| | - Shudong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China.
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27
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Mahdavi V, Eslami Z, Omidvari Z, Rezadoost H, Thai VN, Fakhri Y. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment induced by pesticide residues in honey of Iran based on Monte Carlo simulation. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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28
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Favaro R, Roved J, Haase A, Angeli S. Impact of Chronic Exposure to Two Neonicotinoids on Honey Bee Antennal Responses to Flower Volatiles and Pheromonal Compounds. Front Insect Sci 2022; 2:821145. [PMID: 38468759 PMCID: PMC10926470 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2022.821145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Volatile compounds provide important olfactory cues for honey bees (Apis mellifera L.), which are essential for their ecology, behavior, and social communication. In the external environment bees locate food sources by the use of floral scents, while inside the hive, pheromones such as the queen mandibular pheromone (QMP) and alarm pheromones serve important functions in regulating colony life and inducing aggressive responses against intruders and parasites. Widely reported alterations of various behaviors in- and outside the hive following exposure to pesticides could therefore be associated with a disturbance of odor sensitivity. In the present study, we tested the effects of neonicotinoid pesticides at field concentrations on the ability of honey bees to perceive volatiles at the very periphery of the olfactory system. Bee colonies were subjected to treatments during the summer with either Imidacloprid or Thiacloprid at sublethal concentrations. Antennal responses to apple (Malus domestica L.) flower volatiles were studied by GC-coupled electro-antennographic detection (GC-EAD), and a range of volatiles, a substitute of the QMP, and the alarm pheromone 2-heptanone were tested by electroantennography (EAG). Short-term and long-term effects of the neonicotinoid treatments were investigated on bees collected in the autumn and again in the following spring. Treatment with Thiacloprid induced changes in antennal responses to specific flower VOCs, with differing short- and long-term effects. In the short term, increased antennal responses were observed for benzyl-alcohol and 1-hexanol, which are common flower volatiles but also constituents of the honey bee sting gland secretions. The treatment with Thiacloprid also affected antennal responses to the QMP and the mandibular alarm pheromone 2-heptanone. In the short term, a faster signal degeneration of the response signal to the positive control citral was recorded in the antennae of bees exposed to Thiacloprid or Imidacloprid. Finally, we observed season-related differences in the antennal responses to multiple VOCs. Altogether, our results suggest that volatile-specific alterations of antennal responses may contribute to explaining several behavioral changes previously observed in neonicotinoid-exposed bees. Treatment effects were generally more prominent in the short term, suggesting that adverse effects of neonicotinoid exposure may not persist across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Favaro
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Jacob Roved
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Albrecht Haase
- Center for Mind/Brain Science (CIMeC), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Povo, Italy
| | - Sergio Angeli
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
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29
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Li J, Liu J, Wan Y, Wang J, Pi F. Routine analysis of pesticides in foodstuffs: Emerging ambient ionization mass spectrometry as an alternative strategy to be on your radar. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7341-7356. [PMID: 35229702 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2045561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides residues in foodstuffs are longstanding of great concern to consumers and governments, thus reliable evaluation techniques for these residues are necessary to ensure food safety. Emerging ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS), a transformative technology in the field of analytical chemistry, is becoming a promising and solid evaluation technology due to its advantages of direct, real-time and in-situ ionization on samples without complex pretreatments. To provide useful guidance on the evaluation techniques in the field of food safety, we offered a comprehensive review on the AIMS technology and introduced their novel applications for the analysis of residual pesticides in foodstuffs under different testing scenarios (i.e., quantitative, screening, imaging, high-throughput detection and rapid on-site analysis). Meanwhile, the creative combination of AIMS with high-resolution mass analyzer (e.g., orbitrap and time-of-flight) was fundamentally mentioned based on recent studies about the detection and evaluation of multi-residual pesticides between 2015 and 2021. Finally, the technical challenges and prospects associated with AIMS operation in food industry were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingkun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahua Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuwei Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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30
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Végh R, Sörös C, Majercsik N, Sipos L. Determination of Pesticides in Bee Pollen: Validation of a Multiresidue High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry Method and Testing Pollen Samples of Selected Botanical Origin. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:1507-1515. [PMID: 35080874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pollen is a source of nutrients for honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) and suitable for human consumption as well. In our research, a multiresidue method for pesticide determination was developed and validated for the bee pollen matrix. 247 components met the validation criteria for limit of detection, limit of quantification, linearity, and interday repeatability. Average recoveries varied between 70 and 120% except for 14 analytes, which were corrected during on-going validation. The matrix effect was strong for certain analytes, which required the use of matrix-matched calibration. The pesticide residue profiles of 21 pollen samples of different botanical origins were identified by the developed method. The most common active substances were chlorpyrifos, thiacloprid, and acetamiprid. Some products contained pesticides that are already banned. According to our estimates, the tested samples do not pose an acute risk on honeybees, although the combination of pesticides may cause synergistic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Végh
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Department of Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Somlói út 14-16, 1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Sörös
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Villányi út 29-43., 1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nándor Majercsik
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Villányi út 29-43., 1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Sipos
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Department of Postharvest, Commercial and Sensory Science, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Villányi út 29-43., 1118 Budapest, Hungary
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31
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Murcia-morales M, Heinzen H, Parrilla-vázquez P, Gómez-ramos MDM, Fernández-alba AR. Presence and distribution of pesticides in apicultural products: A critical appraisal. Trends Analyt Chem 2022; 146:116506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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