1
|
Rajendran P, Renu K, Abdallah BM, Ali EM, Veeraraghavan VP, Sivalingam K, Rustagi Y, Abdelsalam SA, Ibrahim RIH, Al-Ramadan SY. Nimbolide: promising agent for prevention and treatment of chronic diseases (recent update). Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:9650. [PMID: 38571915 PMCID: PMC10989234 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.9650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nimbolide, a bioactive compound derived from the neem tree, has garnered attention as a potential breakthrough in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Recent updates in research highlight its multifaceted pharmacological properties, demonstrating anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. With a rich history in traditional medicine, nimbolide efficacy in addressing the molecular complexities of conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer positions it as a promising candidate for further exploration. As studies progress, the recent update underscores the growing optimism surrounding nimbolide as a valuable tool in the ongoing pursuit of innovative therapeutic strategies for chronic diseases. Methods The comprehensive search of the literature was done until September 2020 on the MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Web of Knowledge databases. Results Most studies have shown the Nimbolide is one of the most potent limonoids derived from the flowers and leaves of neem (Azadirachta indica), which is widely used to treat a variety of human diseases. In chronic diseases, nimbolide reported to modulate the key signaling pathways, such as Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), Wingless-related integration site-β (Wnt-β)/catenin, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, and signaling molecules, such as transforming growth factor (TGF-β), Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), inflammatory cytokines, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) proteins. Nimbolide has anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer properties, which make it an intriguing compound for research. Nimbolide demonstrated therapeutic potential for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular, inflammation and cancer. Conclusion The current review mainly focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapecutic effects of nimbolide in chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peramaiyan Rajendran
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Basem M. Abdallah
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas M. Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalaiselvi Sivalingam
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yashika Rustagi
- Centre for Cancer Genomics, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Salaheldin Abdelraouf Abdelsalam
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Rashid Ismael Hag Ibrahim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Saeed Yaseen Al-Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nagini S, Palrasu M, Bishayee A. Limonoids from neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) are potential anticancer drug candidates. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:457-496. [PMID: 37589457 DOI: 10.1002/med.21988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.), a versatile evergreen tree recognized for its ethnopharmacological value, is a rich source of limonoids of the triterpenoid class, endowed with potent medicinal properties. Extracts of neem have been documented to display anticancer effects in diverse malignant cell lines as well as in preclinical animal models that has largely been attributed to the constituent limonoids. Of late, neem limonoids have become the cynosure of research attention as potential candidate agents for cancer prevention and therapy. Among the various limonoids found in neem, azadirachtin, epoxyazadiradione, gedunin, and nimbolide, have been extensively investigated for anticancer activity. Azadirachtin, a potent biodegradable pesticide, exhibits profound antiproliferative effects by preventing mitotic spindle formation and cell division. The antiproliferative activity of gedunin has been demonstrated to be mediated primarily via inhibition of heat shock protein90 and its client proteins. Epoxyazadiradione inhibits pro-inflammatory and kinase-driven signaling pathways to block tumorigenesis. Nimbolide, the most potent cytotoxic neem limonoid, inhibits the growth of cancer cells by regulating the phosphorylation of keystone kinases that drive oncogenic signaling besides modulating the epigenome. There is overwhelming evidence to indicate that neem limonoids exert anticancer effects by preventing the acquisition of hallmark traits of cancer, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis evasion, inflammation, invasion, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. Neem limonoids are value additions to the armamentarium of natural compounds that target aberrant oncogenic signaling to inhibit cancer development and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddavaram Nagini
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manikandan Palrasu
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Burcher JT, DeLiberto LK, Allen AM, Kilpatrick KL, Bishayee A. Bioactive phytocompounds for oral cancer prevention and treatment: A comprehensive and critical evaluation. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:2025-2085. [PMID: 37143373 DOI: 10.1002/med.21969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The high incidence of oral cancer combined with excessive treatment cost underscores the need for novel oral cancer preventive and therapeutic options. The value of natural agents, including plant secondary metabolites (phytochemicals), in preventing carcinogenesis and representing expansive source of anticancer drugs have been established. While fragmentary research data are available on antioral cancer effects of phytochemicals, a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the potential of these agents for the prevention and intervention of human oral malignancies has not been conducted according to our knowledge. This study presents a complete and critical analysis of current preclinical and clinical results on the prevention and treatment of oral cancer using phytochemicals. Our in-depth analysis highlights anticancer effects of various phytochemicals, such as phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and sulfur-containing compounds, against numerous oral cancer cells and/or in vivo oral cancer models by antiproliferative, proapoptotic, cell cycle-regulatory, antiinvasive, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic effects. Bioactive phytochemicals exert their antineoplastic effects by modulating various signaling pathways, specifically involving the epidermal growth factor receptor, cytokine receptors, toll-like receptors, and tumor necrosis factor receptor and consequently alter the expression of downstream genes and proteins. Interestingly, phytochemicals demonstrate encouraging effects in clinical trials, such as reduction of oral lesion size, cell growth, pain score, and development of new lesions. While most phytochemicals displayed minimal toxicity, concerns with bioavailability may limit their clinical application. Future directions for research include more in-depth mechanistic in vivo studies, administration of phytochemicals using novel formulations, investigation of phytocompounds as adjuvants to conventional treatment, and randomized clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack T Burcher
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Lindsay K DeLiberto
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Andrea M Allen
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Kaitlyn L Kilpatrick
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Baskar G, Palaniyandi T, Viswanathan S, Wahab MRA, Surendran H, Ravi M, Sivaji A, Rajendran BK, Natarajan S, Govindasamy G. Recent and advanced therapy for oral cancer. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:3105-3115. [PMID: 37243814 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer is a common and deadly kind of tissue invasion, has a high death rate, and may induce metastasis that mostly affects adults over the age of 40. Most in vitro traditional methods for studying cancer have included the use of monolayer cell cultures and several animal models. There is a worldwide effort underway to reduce the excessive use of laboratory animals since, although being physiologically adequate, animal models rarely succeed in exactly mimicking human models. 3D culture models have gained great attention in the area of biomedicine because of their capacity to replicate parent tissue. There are many benefits to using a drug delivery approach based on nanoparticles in cancer treatment. Because of this, in vitro test methodologies are crucial for evaluating the efficacy of prospective novel nanoparticle drug delivery systems. This review discusses current advances in the utility of 3D cell culture models including multicellular spheroids, patient-derived explant cultures, organoids, xenografts, 3D bioprinting, and organoid-on-a-chip models. Aspects of nanoparticle-based drug discovery that have utilized 2D and 3D cultures for a better understanding of genes implicated in oral cancers are also included in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gomathy Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
- Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Sandhiya Viswanathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Mugip Rahaman Abdul Wahab
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Hemapreethi Surendran
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Maddaly Ravi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Asha Sivaji
- Department of Biochemistry, DKM College for Women, Vellore, India
| | | | - Sudhakar Natarajan
- Department of HIV/AIDS, ICMR - National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), Chennai, India
| | - Gopu Govindasamy
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital and Madras Medical College, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Thiruvengadam R, Kim JH. Therapeutic strategy for oncovirus-mediated oral cancer: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115035. [PMID: 37364477 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a neoplastic disorder of the oral cavities, including the lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, and lower and upper gums. Oral cancer assessment entails a multistep process that requires deep knowledge of the molecular networks involved in its progression and development. Preventive measures including public awareness of risk factors and improving public behaviors are necessary, and screening techniques should be encouraged to enable early detection of malignant lesions. Herpes simplex virus (HSV), human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) are associated with other premalignant and carcinogenic conditions leading to oral cancer. Oncogenic viruses induce chromosomal rearrangements; activate signal transduction pathways via growth factor receptors, cytoplasmic protein kinases, and DNA binding transcription factors; modulate cell cycle proteins, and inhibit apoptotic pathways. In this review, we present an up-to-date overview on the use of nanomaterials for regulating viral proteins and oral cancer as well as the role of phytocompounds on oral cancer. The targets linking oncoviral proteins and oral carcinogenesis were also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Thiruvengadam
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liew YX, Karen-Ng LP, Vincent-Chong VK. A Comprehensive Review of Natural Products as Therapeutic or Chemopreventive Agents against Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Using Preclinical Models. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2359. [PMID: 37760799 PMCID: PMC10525836 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a type of cancer that arises from the epithelium lining of the oral cavity, hypopharynx, oropharynx, and larynx. Despite the advancement of current treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the overall survival rate of patients afflicted with HNSCC remains poor. The reasons for these poor outcomes are due to late diagnoses and patient-acquired resistance to treatment. Natural products have been extensively explored as a safer and more acceptable alternative therapy to the current treatments, with numerous studies displaying their potential against HNSCC. This review highlights preclinical studies in the past 5 years involving natural products against HNSCC and explores the signaling pathways altered by these products. This review also addresses challenges and future directions of natural products as chemotherapeutic and chemoprevention agents against HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Xuan Liew
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Lee Peng Karen-Ng
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Vui King Vincent-Chong
- Department of Oral Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wei Z, Fang Y, Shi W, Chu Z, Zhao B. Transcriptional Modulation Reveals Physiological Responses to Temperature Adaptation in Acrossocheilus fasciatus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11622. [PMID: 37511383 PMCID: PMC10380296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to explore the molecular regulatory mechanism of temperature acclimation under long-term temperature stress in Acrossocheilus fasciatus, this study used high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze 60 days of breeding under five temperature conditions (12 °C, 16 °C, 20 °C, 24 °C, 28 °C). Compared with 20 °C, 9202, 4959 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered in low-temperature groups (12 °C, 16 °C), whereas 133 and 878 DEGs were discovered in high-temperature groups (24 °C, 28 °C), respectively. The KEGG functional enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were primarily enriched in tight junction, PI3 K-Akt signaling pathway and protein digestion and absorption in low-temperature groups, and mainly enriched in proximal tubule bicarbonate reclamation, protein digestion and absorption, and HIF-1 signaling pathway in high-temperature groups. The viability of transcriptome sequencing-based screening of DEGs for temperature adaptation in A. fasciatus was shown by the selection of eight DEGs for further validation by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), the findings of which were consistent with the RNA-seq data. According to the findings, protein digestion and absorption were primarily regulated by temperature variations, physiological stress was a significant regulator in regulation under high-temperature stress, and the immune system was a significant regulator in regulation under low-temperature stress. The transcriptional patterns of A. fasciatus under temperature stress are revealed in this study. This knowledge is crucial for understanding how A. fasciatus adapts to temperature and can help us better comprehend the environmental difficulties that A. fasciatus adaptation faces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhu Wei
- College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Zhangjie Chu
- College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li M, Zhao Q, Liao J, Wang X, Liu L, Zhang X, Liu L, Liu H, Zhang S. Dioscin inhibiting EGFR-mediated Survivin expression promotes apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. J Cancer 2023; 14:2027-2038. [PMID: 37497406 PMCID: PMC10367921 DOI: 10.7150/jca.85011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of survivin plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and correlates with poor prognosis in human malignancies, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Thus, survivin has been proposed as an attractive target for new antitumor interventions. In the present study, we found that a natural compound, Dioscin, inhibited OSCC cells by reducing the survivin protein level and activating apoptotic signaling. Dioscin inhibits survivin expression by interrupting EGFR binding to the AT-rich sequences (ATRSs) at the survivin promoter, eventually promoting survivin-mediated cell apoptosis. The in vivo study showed that Dioscin suppressed the tumor development of SCC25 cells. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry (IHC) results revealed that treated with Dioscin reduced the protein levels of EGFR and survivin in SCC25 xenograft tumors. Overall, our findings indicate that targeting the EGFR-survivin axis might be a promising OSCC treatment strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Changsha Stomatological Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
- School of Stomatology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Changsha Stomatological Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
- School of Stomatology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Jinzhuang Liao
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xiaocong Wang
- Changsha Stomatological Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
- School of Stomatology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Changsha Stomatological Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
- School of Stomatology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Changsha Stomatological Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
- School of Stomatology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Clinical Center for Gene Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Haidan Liu
- Clinical Center for Gene Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Changsha Stomatological Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
- School of Stomatology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Qu L, Liu Y, Deng J, Ma X, Fan D. Ginsenoside Rk3 is a novel PI3K/AKT-targeting therapeutics agent that regulates autophagy and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:463-482. [PMID: 37305788 PMCID: PMC10257150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Ginsenoside Rk3, an important and rare saponin in heat-treated ginseng, is generated from Rg1 and has a smaller molecular weight. However, the anti-HCC efficacy and mechanisms of ginsenoside Rk3 have not yet been characterized. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which ginsenoside Rk3, a tetracyclic triterpenoid rare ginsenoside, inhibits the growth of HCC. We first explored the possible potential targets of Rk3 through network pharmacology. Both in vitro (HepG2 and HCC-LM3 cells) and in vivo (primary liver cancer mice and HCC-LM3 subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice) studies revealed that Rk3 significantly inhibits the proliferation of HCC. Meanwhile, Rk3 blocked the cell cycle in HCC at the G1 phase and induced autophagy and apoptosis in HCC. Further proteomics and siRNA experiments showed that Rk3 regulates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway to inhibit HCC growth, which was validated by molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance. In conclusion, we report the discovery that ginsenoside Rk3 binds to PI3K/AKT and promotes autophagy and apoptosis in HCC. Our data strongly support the translation of ginsenoside Rk3 into novel PI3K/AKT-targeting therapeutics for HCC treatment with low toxic side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Qu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Xi'an Giant Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710076, China
| | - Yannan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Daidi Fan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma Q, Yu J, Zhang X, Wu X, Deng G. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-a versatile player in apoptosis and autophagy. Biochimie 2023; 211:57-67. [PMID: 36907502 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a highly conserved pathway that is involved in cell development, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and autophagy. Among these processes, apoptosis and autophagy occur physiologically during host defense and the maintenance of intracellular homeostasis. Mounting evidence suggests that the crosstalk between Wnt/β-catenin-regulated apoptosis and autophagy has broad functional significance in various diseases. Herein, we summarize the recent studies in understanding the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in apoptosis and autophagy, and draw the following conclusions: a) For apoptosis, the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin is generally positive. However, a small amount of evidence indicates the presence of a negatively regulated relationship between Wnt/β-catenin and apoptosis; b) Wnt/β-catenin influences the occurrence and development of autophagy by regulating autophagy-related factors, and these factors in turn affect Wnt/β-catenin pathway; c) Wnt/β-catenin always balances the molecular damage caused by the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis in a compensatory manner. Understanding the specific role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway during different stages of autophagy and apoptosis may provide new insights into the progression of related diseases regulated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinmei Ma
- Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, NingXia, China; School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, NingXia, China.
| | - Jialin Yu
- Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, NingXia, China; School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, NingXia, China.
| | - Xu Zhang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, NingXia, China.
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, NingXia, China; School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, NingXia, China.
| | - Guangcun Deng
- Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, NingXia, China; School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, NingXia, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ren Y, Da J, Ren J, Song Y, Han J. An autophagy-related long non-coding RNA signature in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:120. [PMID: 36814212 PMCID: PMC9945660 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02806-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most common oral cancer with a poor prognosis. At present, there is not any systematic study on autophagy-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) to predict the survival of patients with TSCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this research, the cohort of TSCC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that ten lncRNAs related to autophagy AC010326.3, AL160006.1, AL122010.1, AC139530.1, AC092747.4, AL139287.1, MIR503HG, AC009318.2, LINC01711, and LINC02560 are significantly correlated with prognosis. Based on these lncRNAs, a prognostic signature was established. This signature has an AUC value of 0.782, which accurately distinguishes patients of TSCC into high-risk and low-risk groups in different clinical hierarchical information (such as gender, age, etc.). RESULTS The clinical nomogram with autophagy-related lncRNA prognostic characteristics has a concordance index of 0.81, and accurately predicts the survival time at 1-year and 3-year of TSCC patients. Related functional enrichment results indicate that the pathways of the high-risk group are enriched on cancer and autophagy. CONCLUSIONS The autophagy-related lncRNA prognostic signature established in this study could accurately predict the prognosis of TSCC patients and may be a molecular biomarker and therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinting Ren
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Orthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Junlong Da
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Junyu Ren
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Oral Implant Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Ye Song
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Orthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Jingying Han
- Department of Orthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chavda VP, Nalla LV, Balar P, Bezbaruah R, Apostolopoulos V, Singla RK, Khadela A, Vora L, Uversky VN. Advanced Phytochemical-Based Nanocarrier Systems for the Treatment of Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041023. [PMID: 36831369 PMCID: PMC9954440 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As the world's most prevalent cancer, breast cancer imposes a significant societal health burden and is among the leading causes of cancer death in women worldwide. Despite the notable improvements in survival in countries with early detection programs, combined with different modes of treatment to eradicate invasive disease, the current chemotherapy regimen faces significant challenges associated with chemotherapy-induced side effects and the development of drug resistance. Therefore, serious concerns regarding current chemotherapeutics are pressuring researchers to develop alternative therapeutics with better efficacy and safety. Due to their extremely biocompatible nature and efficient destruction of cancer cells via numerous mechanisms, phytochemicals have emerged as one of the attractive alternative therapies for chemotherapeutics to treat breast cancer. Additionally, phytofabricated nanocarriers, whether used alone or in conjunction with other loaded phytotherapeutics or chemotherapeutics, showed promising results in treating breast cancer. In the current review, we emphasize the anticancer activity of phytochemical-instigated nanocarriers and phytochemical-loaded nanocarriers against breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Since diverse mechanisms are implicated in the anticancer activity of phytochemicals, a strong emphasis is placed on the anticancer pathways underlying their action. Furthermore, we discuss the selective targeted delivery of phytofabricated nanocarriers to cancer cells and consider research gaps, recent developments, and the druggability of phytoceuticals. Combining phytochemical and chemotherapeutic agents with nanotechnology might have far-reaching impacts in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P. Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Lakshmi Vineela Nalla
- Department of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522302, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Pankti Balar
- Pharmacy Section, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajashri Bezbaruah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Rajeev K. Singla
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Xinchuan Road 2222, Chengdu 610064, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Avinash Khadela
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Lalitkumar Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Byrd Alzheimer’s Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lv Y, Du Y, Li K, Ma X, Wang J, Du T, Ma Y, Teng Y, Tang W, Ma R, Wu J, Wu J, Feng J. The FACT-targeted drug CBL0137 enhances the effects of rituximab to inhibit B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma tumor growth by promoting apoptosis and autophagy. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:16. [PMID: 36691066 PMCID: PMC9869543 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) patients often develop drug resistance and tumor recurrence after conventional immunochemotherapy, for which new treatments are needed. METHODS We investigated the antitumor effects of CBL0137. In vitro, cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 and colony formation assay. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze cell cycle progression, apoptosis, mitochondrial depolarization, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Autophagy was detected by transmission electron microscopy and mGFP-RFP-LC3 assay, while western blotting was employed to detect proteins involved in apoptosis and autophagy. RNA-sequencing was conducted to analyze the transcription perturbation after CBL0137 treatment in B-NHL cell lines. Finally, the efficacy and safety of CBL0137, rituximab, and their combination were tested in vivo. RESULTS CBL0137, a small molecule anticancer agent that has significant antitumor effects in B-NHL. CBL0137 sequesters the FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription) complex from chromatin to produce cytotoxic effects in B-NHL cells. In addition, we discovered novel anticancer mechanisms of CBL0137. CBL0137 inhibited human B-NHL cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest in S phase via the c-MYC/p53/p21 pathway. Furthermore, CBL0137 triggers ROS generation and induces apoptosis and autophagy in B-NHL cells through the ROS-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways. Notably, a combination of CBL0137 and rituximab significantly suppressed B-NHL tumor growth in subcutaneous models, consistent with results at the cellular level in vitro. CONCLUSIONS CBL0137 has potential as a novel approach for aggressive B-NHL, and its combination with rituximab can provide new therapeutic options for patients with aggressive B-NHL. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lv
- Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuxin Du
- Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Kening Li
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tongde Du
- Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuxin Ma
- Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Teng
- Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weiyan Tang
- Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rong Ma
- Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianqiu Wu
- Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianzhong Wu
- Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Peng Z, Peng N. Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 targets the autophagy signaling pathway to suppress ferroptosis in gastric carcinoma cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271231172915. [PMID: 37161854 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231172915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of programmed cell death; however, the specific mechanisms that regulate ferroptosis have yet to be fully elucidated in gastric carcinoma. In this study, we aimed to investigate how microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 (MGST1) regulates ferroptosis in gastric carcinoma cells. METHODS Gastric adenocarcinoma (SGC7901) cells that overexpressed MGST1 or expressed only low levels of MGST1, were treated with specific compounds (erastin, sorafenib, RSL3, MK-2206 and SC79). Then, we detected the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Protein expression levels of the non-classical autophagy and protein kinase B (Akt)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) pathways were determined by western blotting and cell viability was analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. The expressions of target genes were detected using qRT-PCR. RESULTS We evaluated a range of ferroptosis-inducing compounds and found that MGST1 expression was down-regulated during ferroptosis in SGC7901 cells. The ferroptosis inducer RSL3 played a role in classical ferroptotic events while the overexpression of MGST1 impaired these effects. Interestingly, the overexpression of MGST1 resulted in the inactivation of autophagy by repressing the expression of ATG16L1 and the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II. The upregulation of ATG16L1 eliminated the inhibitory action of MGST1 on ferroptosis. Notably, the overexpression of MGST1 induced the activation of the Akt/GSK-3β pathway. An Akt inhibitor antagonized the inhibitory effects of MGST1 on autophagy and ferroptosis. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings demonstrate a novel molecular mechanism and signaling pathway for ferroptosis. We also characterized that the overexpression of MGST1 induces gastric carcinoma cell proliferation by activating the Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention Hubei, Huangshi, People's Republic of China
| | - N Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention Hubei, Huangshi, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dong Y, Xue L, Zhang Y, Liu C, Zhang Y, Jiang N, Ma X, Chen F, Li L, Yu L, Liu X, Shao S, Guan S, Zhang J, Xiao Q, Li H, Dong A, Huang L, Shi C, Wang Y, Fu M, Lv N, Zhan Q. Identification of RNA-splicing factor Lsm12 as a novel tumor-associated gene and a potent biomarker in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:150. [PMID: 35449073 PMCID: PMC9027881 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the common cancers worldwide. The lack of specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets leads to delayed diagnosis and hence the poor prognosis of OSCC patients. Thus, it is urgent to identify effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for OSCC.
Methods
We established the golden hamster carcinogenic model of OSCC induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthrancene (DMBA) and used mRNA microarrays to detect the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). DEGs were validated in OSCC clinical tissue microarrays using immunohistochemistry method. Whole transcriptome sequencing was performed to obtain an overview of biological functions of Lsm12. PCR assay and sequencing were employed to investigate the alternative splicing of genes regulated by Lsm12. Cell proliferation, colony formation, Transwell migration and invasion assay and in vivo tumor formation assay were performed to investigate the roles of Lsm12 and two transcript variants of USO1 in OSCC cells.
Results
Lsm12 was identified to be significantly up-regulated in the animal model of OSCC tumorigenesis, which was validated in the clinical OSCC samples. In the paired normal tissues, Lsm12 staining was negative (91%, 92/101) or weak, while in OSCC tissues, positive rate is 100% and strong staining spread over the whole tissues in 93 (93/101, 92%) cases. Lsm12 overexpression significantly promoted OSCC cell growth, colony formation, migration and invasion abilities, while Lsm12 knockdown showed the opposite trends on these phenotypes and obviously inhibited the tumor formation in vivo. Furthermore, Lsm12 overexpression caused the inclusion of USO1 exon 15 and Lsm12 knockdown induced exon 15 skipping. Exon 15-retained USO1 significantly promoted the malignant phenotypes of OSCC cells when compared with the exon 15-deleted USO1.
Conclusions
We identified Lsm12, a novel tumorigenesis-related gene, as an important regulator involved in OSCC tumorigenesis. Lsm12 is a novel RNA-splicing related gene and can regulate the alternative splicing of USO1 exon 15 which was associated closely with OSCC carcinogenesis. Our findings thus provide that Lsm12 might be a potent biomarker and potential therapeutic target for OSCC.
Collapse
|
16
|
Almeida TC, Pereira IOA, Dos Anjos Oliveira E, de Souza DV, Ribeiro DA, da Silva GN. Modulation of non-coding RNAs by natural compounds as a potential therapeutical approach in oral cancer: A comprehensive review. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 239:154166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
17
|
Yin P, Chen J, Wu Y, Gao F, Wen J, Zhang W, Su Y, Zhang X, Amantini C. Chemoprevention of 4NQO-Induced Mouse Tongue Carcinogenesis by AKT Inhibitor through the MMP-9/RhoC Signaling Pathway and Autophagy. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022; 2022:1-15. [PMID: 36247874 PMCID: PMC9556259 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3770715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer (OC), the most common cancer in the head and neck, which has a poor prognosis, histopathologically follows a stepwise pattern of hyperplasia, dysplasia, and cancer. Blocking the progression of OC in the precancer stage could greatly improve the survival and cure rates. AKT protein plays a critical role in the signal transduction of cancer cells, and we found that AKT was overexpressed in human OC samples through analysis of TCGA database. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the chemopreventive effect of an AKT inhibitor (MK2206 2HCl) on OC. In vivo, we established a 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide- (4NQO-) induced mouse tongue carcinogenesis model to investigate the potential chemopreventive effect of MK2206 2HCl on mouse OC resulting from 4NQO. The results showed that MK2206 2HCl could significantly reduce the incidence rate and growth of OC, inhibit the transformation of dysplasia to cancer in the 4NQO-induced mouse tongue carcinogenesis model, and simultaneously markedly suppress cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and mast cell (MC) infiltration in 4NQO-induced mouse tongue cancers. In vitro, our results revealed that MK2206 2HCl could also inhibit oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell malignant biological behaviors, including cell proliferation, colony formation, cell invasion, and migration, while promoting apoptosis. Mechanistic studies revealed that MK2206 2HCl suppressed matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and RhoC expression and promoted autophagy gene LC3 II expression. In summary, our findings demonstrated the chemopreventive effect of MK2206 2HCl on the 4NQO-induced mouse tongue carcinogenesis model, which likely has an underlying mechanism mediated by the MMP-9/RhoC signaling pathway and autophagy.
Collapse
|
18
|
Gou Q, Zheng LL, Huang H. Unravelling the roles of Autophagy in OSCC: A renewed perspective from mechanisms to potential applications. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:994643. [PMID: 36263139 PMCID: PMC9574005 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.994643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is associated with a low survival rate and a high disability rate, making it a serious health burden, particularly in Southeast Asian countries. Therefore, improvements in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction of OSCC are highly warranted. Autophagy has a significant impact on cancer development. Studies on autophagy in various human cancers have made outstanding contributions; however, the relationship between autophagy and OSCC remains to be explored. This review highlights the roles of autophagy in OSCC and discusses the relationship between autophagy and Epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Considering the lack of OSCC biomarkers, we focus on the studies involving OSCC-related bioinformatics analysis and molecular targets. Based on some classical targets, we summarize several key autophagy-related biomarkers with a considerable potential for clinical application, which may become the hotspot of OSCC research. In conclusion, we elaborate on the interrelationship between autophagy and OSCC and highlight the shortcomings of current studies to provide insights into the potential clinical strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiutong Gou
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ling-Li Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Ling-Li Zheng, ; Haixia Huang,
| | - Haixia Huang
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ling-Li Zheng, ; Haixia Huang,
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sun KD, Ni YJ, Qin H, Xu QF. LncRNA DLEU1 facilitates the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma by miR-126-5p/GAB1 axis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:950-959. [PMID: 36039933 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most frequent malignancies found in head and neck cancers. Dysregulation of lncRNAs has been proposed to be related to the development of OSCC. Here, we investigated the function and probable mechanisms of lncRNA DLEU1 in OSCC. OSCC cell lines and human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) were cultured, while SCC-25 and CAL-27 cells were transfected with the corresponding plasmids. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot were carried out to measure the RNA and protein levels. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated using MTT assays, wound healing and Transwell assays. The StarBase database predicted the interactions between DLEU1 and miR-126-5p, as well as miR-126-5p and GAB1, which were further validated using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Our results indicated that DLEU1 and GAB1 were upregulated, while miR-126-5p was downregulated in OSCC cells. Silencing DLEU1 reduced OSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while DLEU1 overexpression had the opposite effects. DLEU1 mediated biological effects in OSCC through binding to miR-126-5p, which directly targeted GAB1. miR-126-5p knockdown rescued the inhibitory function of DLEU1 depletion on proliferation, migration and invasion. Meanwhile, the miR-126-5p mimic exerted suppressive functions in the progression of OSCC, which were neutralized after GAB1 overexpression. In summary, lncRNA DLEU1 targets the miR-126-5p/GAB1 axis to aggravate OSCC progression, providing a novel target for treating OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kan-Da Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Changzhou, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yi-Jiang Ni
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Changzhou, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Hui Qin
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Changzhou, China
| | - Qing-Feng Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Changzhou, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Patra S, Patil S, Das S, Bhutia SK. Epigenetic dysregulation in autophagy signaling as a driver of viral manifested oral carcinogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
21
|
Jiang H, Zhang Y, Hu G, Shang X, Ming J, Deng M, Li Y, Ma Y, Liu S, Zhou Y. Innate/Inflammatory Bioregulation of Surfactant Protein D Alleviates Rat Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling. Front Immunol 2022; 13:913901. [PMID: 35865531 PMCID: PMC9294227 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.913901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a deteriorating disease of cartilage tissues mainly characterized as low-grade inflammation of the joint. Innate immune molecule surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a member of collectin family of collagenous Ca2+-dependent defense lectins and plays a vital role in the inflammatory and innate immune responses. The present study investigated the SP-D-mediated innate/inflammatory bioregulation in OA and explored the underlying molecular mechanism. Transcriptome analysis revealed that SP-D regulated genes were strongly enriched in the inflammatory response, immune response, cellular response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), PI3K-Akt signaling, Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction pathways. Knockdown of the SP-D gene by the recombinant adeno-associated virus promoted the macrophage specific markers of CD68, F4/80 and TLR4 in the articular cartilage in vivo. SP-D alleviated the infiltration of synovial macrophages and neutrophils, and inhibited TLR4, TNF-α and the phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt and NF-κB p65 in cartilage. SP-D suppressed cartilage degeneration, inflammatory and immune responses in the rat OA model, whilst TAK-242 strengthened this improvement. In in vitro conditions, SP-D pre-treatment inhibited LPS-induced overproduction of inflammation-correlated cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α, and suppressed the overexpression of TLR4, MD-2 and NLRP3. SP-D prevented the LPS-induced degradation of ECM by down-regulating MMP-13 and up-regulating collagen II. Blocking of TLR4 by TAK-242 further enhanced these manifestations. We also demonstrated that SP-D binds to the TLR4/MD-2 complex to suppress TLR4-mediated PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling activation in chondrocytes. Taken together, these findings indicate that SP-D has chondroprotective properties dependent on TLR4-mediated PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling and that SP-D has an optimal bioregulatory effect on the inflammatory and innate responses in OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yubiao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Geliang Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobin Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianghua Ming
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yonggang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiqing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mohapatra P, Singh P, Singh D, Sahoo S, Sahoo SK. Phytochemical based nanomedicine: a panacea for cancer treatment, present status and future prospective. OpenNano 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
23
|
Wei B, Liu W, Jin L, Guo S, Fan H, Jin F, Wei C, Fang D, Zhang X, Su S, Duan C, Li X. Dexmedetomidine Inhibits Gasdermin D-Induced Pyroptosis via the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β Pathway to Attenuate Neuroinflammation in Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:899484. [PMID: 35800132 PMCID: PMC9253293 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.899484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is one kind of life-threatening stroke, which leads to severe brain damage. Pyroptosis plays a critical role in early brain injury (EBI) after SAH. Previous reports suggest that SAH-induced brain edema, cell apoptosis, and neuronal injury could be suppressed by dexmedetomidine (Dex). In this study, we used a rat model of SAH to investigate the effect of Dex on pyroptosis in EBI after SAH and to determine the mechanisms involved. Pyroptosis was found in microglia in EBI after SAH. Dex significantly alleviated microglia pyroptosis via reducing pyroptosis executioner GSDMD and inhibited the release of proinflammatory cytokines induced by SAH. Furthermore, the reduction of GSDMD by Dex was abolished by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that Dex reduces microglia pyroptosis in EBI after SAH via the activation of the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Wei
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenquan Guo
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Fan
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fa Jin
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengcong Wei
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dazhao Fang
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shixing Su
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanzhi Duan
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xifeng Li
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vergoten G, Bailly C. Molecular docking study of GSK-3β interaction with nomilin, kihadanin B, and related limonoids and triterpenes with a furyl-δ-lactone core. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23130. [PMID: 35686814 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is a target enzyme considered for the treatment of multiple human diseases, from neurodegenerative pathologies to viral infections and cancers. Numerous inhibitors of GSK-3β have been discovered but thus far only a few have reached clinical trials and only one drug, tideglusib (1), has been registered. Natural products targeting GSK-3β have been identified, including the two anticancer limonoids obacunone (5) and gedunin (4), both presenting a furyl-δ-lactone core. To help identifying novel GSK-3β ligands, we have performed a molecular docking study with 15 complementary natural products bearing a furyl-δ-lactone unit (such as limonin (6) and kihadanins A (8) and B (9)) or a closely related structure (such as cedrelone (10) and nimbolide (11)). The formation of GSK-3β-binding complexes for those natural products was compared to reference GSK-3β ATP-competitive inhibitors LY2090314 (3) and AR-A014418 (2). Our in silico analysis led to the identification of two new GSK-3β-binding natural products: kihadanin B (9) and nomilin (7). The latter surpassed the reference compounds in terms of calculated empirical energy of interaction (ΔE). Nomilin (7) can possibly bind to the active site of GSK-3β, notably via the furyl-δ-lactone core and its 1-acetyl group, implicated in the protein interaction. Compound structure-binding relationships are discussed. The study should help the discovery of novel natural products targeting GSK-3β.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Vergoten
- Inserm, INFINITE - U1286, Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol (ICPAL), Faculté de Pharmacie, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Christian Bailly
- OncoWitan, Scientific Consulting Office, Lille, Wasquehal, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Huang X, Zhang S, Wang W. Artesunate restrains the malignant progression of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells via the suppression of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Tissue Cell 2022; 76:101789. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
26
|
Jaiswara PK, Kumar A. Nimbolide retards T cell lymphoma progression by altering apoptosis, glucose metabolism, pH regulation, and ROS homeostasis. Environ Toxicol 2022; 37:1445-1457. [PMID: 35199915 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nimbolide is reported as one of the potential anticancer candidates of the neem tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss). The cytotoxic action of nimbolide has been well reported against a wide number of malignancies, including breast, prostate, lung, liver, and cervix cancers. Interestingly, only a few in vivo studies conducted on B cell lymphoma, glioblastoma, pancreatic cancer, and buccal pouch carcinoma have shown the in vivo antitumor efficacy of nimbolide. Therefore, it is highly needed to examine the in vivo antineoplastic activity of nimbolide on a wide variety of cancers to establish nimbolide as a promising anticancer drug. In the present study, we investigated the tumor retarding action of nimbolide in a murine model of T cell lymphoma. We noticed significantly augmented apoptosis in nimbolide- administered tumor-bearing mice, possibly due to down-regulated expression of Bcl2 and up-regulated expression of p53, cleaved caspase-3, Cyt c, and ROS. The nimbolide treatment-induced ROS production by suppressing the expression of antioxidant regulatory enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase and catalase. In addition, nimbolide administration impaired glycolysis and pH homeostasis with concomitant inhibition of crucial glycolysis and pH regulatory molecules such as GLUT3, LDHA, MCT1, and V-ATPase, CAIX and NHE1, respectively. Taken together, the present investigation provides novel insights into molecular mechanisms of nimbolide inhibited T cell lymphoma progression and directs the utility of nimbolide as a potential anticancer therapeutic drug for the treatment of T cell lymphoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Kumar Jaiswara
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ram AK, Vairappan B, Srinivas BH. Nimbolide attenuates gut dysbiosis and prevents bacterial translocation by improving intestinal barrier integrity and ameliorating inflammation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2143-2160. [PMID: 35229912 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota imbalance plays a key pathological role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression; however, the mechanism is poorly understood. We previously showed nimbolide impede tumor development by improving hepatic tight junction (TJ) proteins expression and attenuating inflammation in HCC mice. Here, we aimed to study the role of nimbolide in regulating gut microbiota imbalance and bacterial translocation (BT) through modulating intestinal TJ proteins in an experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. Nimbolide (6 mg/kg) was administered orally for 4 weeks following induction of HCC in mice at the 28th week. Nimbolide treatment attenuated the gut microbiota imbalance by decreasing 16 s rRNA levels of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, Bacteroides and increasing Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus in the intestinal tissue, which was otherwise altered in HCC mice. Furthermore, nimbolide improved intestinal barrier integrity in HCC mice by upregulating TJ proteins such as occludin and ZO-1 expression and subsequently prevented hepatic BT and decreased BT markers such as LBP, sCD14, and procalcitonin in the plasma of HCC mice. Moreover, nimbolide ameliorated intestinal and hepatic inflammation by downregulating TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB protein expression in HCC mice. Thus, nimbolide represents a novel therapeutic drug for HCC treatment by targeting the gut-liver axis, which plays an imperative role in HCC pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Ram
- Liver Diseases Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
| | - Balasubramaniyan Vairappan
- Liver Diseases Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
| | - Bheemanathi Hanuman Srinivas
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mi XJ, Choi HS, Perumalsamy H, Shanmugam R, Thangavelu L, Balusamy SR, Kim YJ. Biosynthesis and cytotoxic effect of silymarin-functionalized selenium nanoparticles induced autophagy mediated cellular apoptosis via downregulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in gastric cancer. Phytomedicine 2022; 99:154014. [PMID: 35247670 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silymarin, a blend of flavonolignans isolated from plant Silybum marianum L., has long been used as an herbal medicine. Biogenic routes especially the plant-based synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) is safe, eco-friendly, nontoxic and being considered as one of the best strategies for treatment of cancer. PURPOSE Silymarin-mediated green synthesis of SeNPs and their possibility as an anticancer agent have not been reported to date. Therefore, our present study was aimed to synthesize and characterize the selenium mediated silymarin nanoparticles (Si-SeNPs) from silymarin and investigate their possibility as an anticancer agent. METHODS The physicochemical characteristics of Si-SeNPs were analyzed using various analytical techniques, such as HPLC, field emission-transmission electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer, and thermogravimetric analysis. The underlying molecular mechanism were evaluated using AGS gastric cancer cells. RESULTS Compared with silymarin, the Si-SeNPs exhibited significantly increased cytotoxic effect of AGS cells without exhibiting toxicity on normal cells. Real time PCR and western blotting analysis indicated that Si-SeNPs induced expression of Bax/Bcl-2, cytochrome c, and cleavage of caspase proteins, which is associated with mitochondria-mediated apoptosis signaling in AGS cells. Moreover, agonist assay using PI3K activator indicated that Si-SeNPs-inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways were significantly associated as an autophagy and apoptosis signaling in AGS cells. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated the improved anticancer efficacy of Si-SeNPs- induced apoptosis and autophagy pathways, and therefore recommended Si-SeNPs as a novel anticancer agent after in vivo studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Mi
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, and College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sol Choi
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, and College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Haribalan Perumalsamy
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, and College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajeshkumar Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, SIMATS, Chennai 600077, TN, India
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, SIMATS, Chennai 600077, TN, India
| | - Sri Renukadevi Balusamy
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeon-Ju Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, and College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nivetha R, Arvindhvv S, Baba AB, Gade DR, Gopal G, K C, Kallamadi KPR, Reddy GB, Nagini S. Nimbolide, a Neem Limonoid, Inhibits Angiogenesis in Breast Cancer by Abrogating Aldose Reductase Mediated IGF-1/PI3K/Akt Signaling. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2619-2636. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220204115151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background & Objectives:
There is growing evidence to implicate the insulin/IGF-1R/PI3K/Akt signaling cascade in breast cancer development and the central role of aldose reductase (AR) in mediating the crosstalk between this pathway and angiogenesis. The current study was designed to investigate whether nimbolide, a neem limonoid, targets this oncogenic signaling network to prevent angiogenesis in breast cancer.
Methods:
Breast cancer cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231), EAhy926 endothelial cells, MDA-MB-231 xenografted nude mice, and tumour tissues from breast cancer patients were used for the study. Expression of AR and key players in IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling and angiogenesis was evaluated by qRT-PCR, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. Molecular docking and simulation, overexpression, and knockdown experiments were performed to determine whether nimbolide targets AR and IGF-1R
Results:
Nimbolide inhibited AR with consequent blockade of the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt and HIF-1/VEGF signaling circuit by influencing the phosphorylation and intracellular localisation of key signaling molecules. Downregulation of DNMT-1, HDAC-6, miR-21, HOTAIR, and H19 with upregulation of miR-148a/miR-152 indicated that nimbolide regulates AR and IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling via epigenetic modifications. Coadministration of nimbolide with metformin and the chemotherapeutic drugs tamoxifen/cisplatin displayed higher efficacy than single agents in inhibiting IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/AR signaling. Grade-wise increases in IGF-1R and AR expression in breast cancer tissues underscore their value as biomarkers of progression.
Conclusions:
This study provides evidence for the anticancer effects of nimbolide in cellular and mouse models of breast cancer besides providing leads for new drug combinations. It has also opened up avenues for investigating potential molecules such as AR for therapeutic targeting of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Nivetha
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soundararajan Arvindhvv
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdul Basit Baba
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepak Reddy Gade
- Centre for Molecular Cancer Research, Vishnu Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Narsapur, India
| | - Gopisetty Gopal
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chitrathara K
- Department of Surgical & Gynecologic Oncology, VPS Lakeshore Hospital, Nettoor, Maradu, Kochi, Kerala 682040
| | | | - G. Bhanuprakash Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad-500007, India
| | - Siddavaram Nagini
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Natarajan PM, Umapathy VR, Murali A, Swamikannu B. Computational simulations of identified marine-derived natural bioactive compounds as potential inhibitors of oral cancer. Future Sci OA. [PMID: 35251696 PMCID: PMC8890117 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2021-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is characterized by the upregulation of RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (Akt1) and RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase (Akt2). In this work, Akt1 and Akt2 were inhibited using a cocktail of 20 marine algae chemicals. From the PyRx Virtual Screening Tool, dieckol, 6,6′-bieckol, siphonaxanthin and sargachromanol E were chosen as the best four compounds for Akt1 based on the scoring. Similarly, dieckol, 6,6′-bieckol, dioxinodehydroeckol and caulerpenyne were chosen as Akt2 inhibitors. Additionally, the results of the Lipinski rule of five indicated that some of the selected compounds, such as dieckol, 6,6′-bieckol and siphonaxanthin, violated some Lipinski rules, but they demonstrated excellent binding in terms of scoring. Thus, this study demonstrates that the identified lead compounds may act against Akt1 and Akt2 in oral cancer.
Collapse
|
31
|
Mahmoud N, Dawood M, Huang Q, Ng JPL, Ren F, Wong VKW, Efferth T. Nimbolide inhibits 2D and 3D prostate cancer cells migration, affects microtubules and angiogenesis and suppresses B-RAF/p.ERK-mediated in vivo tumor growth. Phytomedicine 2022; 94:153826. [PMID: 34775358 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prominent malignancy among men worldwide. PCa cells have a high tendency to metastasize to various distant organs, and this activity is the main cause of PCa mortality. Nimbolide is a promising phytochemical constituent of neem Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae). Previous studies showed that nimbolide exhibited potent anticancer activity however, its role against PCa tumorigenesis has not been fully elucidated. PURPOSE Our work aims to explore the role of nimbolide in regulating the essential tumor-associated processes involved in the metastatic cascade in PCa cells. STUDY DESIGN Cytotoxicity assay, wound healing and spheroid invasion assays, western blotting, immunofluorescence, tube-formation assay, in vivo and immunohistochemistry. METHODS The cytotoxicity of nimbolide towards PCa cell lines was assessed by resazurin assays. The cell mobility and migration of nimbolide-treated DU145 cells were determined by wound healing and spheroid invasion assays. Tubulin network was visualized using U2OS cells and DU145 cells. The effect of nimbolide on E-cadherin, β-catenin, acetylated α-tubulin and HDAC6 protein expressions levels were measured by Western blot. The potentiality of nimbolide to inhibit angiogenesis was revealed by HUVEC tube-formation assay. Nimbolide antitumor effect was studied in a syngeneic model of murine prostate cancer. RESULTS The current study indicated that nimbolide negatively affected the migratory and invasive capacity of DU145 prostate cancer cells in 2D and three-dimensional (3D) spheroid cultures. Interestingly, nimbolide induced downregulation of E-cadherin without any influence on the expression level of β-catenin. Additionally, we demonstrated that nimbolide influenced the microtubule network which was supported by the upregulation of acetylated α-tubulin and the reduction in HDAC6 protein. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of nimbolide on angiogenesis was clearly observed in HUVEC tube formation assay. In vivo experiments revealed the significant suppression of PCa growth and targeting of the B-RAF/p.ERK signaling pathway by nimbolide. CONCLUSION Our results showed that nimbolide inhibited 2D and 3D prostate cancer cells migration and downregulated E-cadherin protein expression, a marker for metastatic chemoresistance and tumor recurrence. Nimbolide stabilized the microtubules, combated angiogenesis and suppressed B.RAF/ERK-mediated in vivo tumor growth. Nimbolide may be considered as potential therapeutic agent for metastatic and advanced PCa patients and merits further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuha Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Mona Dawood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55128, Germany; Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Qi Huang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jerome P L Ng
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Fang Ren
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Vincent K W Wong
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, China.
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55128, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
John A, Raza H. Azadirachtin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced ROS Production, DNA Damage, and Apoptosis by Regulating JNK/Akt and AMPK/mTOR-Dependent Pathways in Rin-5F Pancreatic Beta Cells. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121943. [PMID: 34944759 PMCID: PMC8698279 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic inflammation and the resulting cellular responses have been implicated in pancreatitis, diabetes, and pancreatic cancer. Inflammatory responses due to the bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), have been demonstrated to alter cellular metabolism, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell proliferation in different cell populations, and hence increases the risks for organ toxicity including cancer. The exact molecular mechanism is however not clear. In the present study, we investigated the role and mechanism of an antioxidant, azadirachtin (AZD), a limonoid extracted from the neem tree (Azadirachta indica), against LPS-induced oxidative stress in the pancreatic β-cell line, Rin-5F. We demonstrated that cells treated with LPS (1 µg/mL for 24 h) showed increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Our results also showed that LPS induced alterations in the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways, suppressing autophagy and augmenting apoptosis. Treatment with Azadirachtin (25 µM for 24 h), on the other hand, rendered some degree of protection to the pancreatic cells from apoptosis by inducing the autophagy signals required for cell survival. These results may have significance in elucidating the mechanisms of pancreatic β-cell survival and death by balancing the molecular communication between autophagy and apoptosis under inflammatory and pathological conditions.
Collapse
|
33
|
Abdel-Rafei MK, Thabet NM, Rashed LA, Moustafa EM. Canagliflozin, a SGLT-2 inhibitor, relieves ER stress, modulates autophagy and induces apoptosis in irradiated HepG2 cells: Signal transduction between PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/mTOR and Wnt/β-catenin pathways; in vitro. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 17:1404-1418. [PMID: 34916371 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_963_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Metabolic shifting from mitochondrial respiration to glycolysis characterizes malignant cells from its normal counterparts and is attributed to overactivation of oncogenic signaling pathways. Hence, this study intended to investigate the influence of canagliflozin (CAN) and/or γ-irradiation (γ-IR) on HepG2 cell proliferation, crosstalk between phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K)/AKT/glycogen synthase kinase-3-β (GSK3-β)/mTOR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, and their regulation of diverse processes, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, autophagy, and apoptosis. Materials and Methods HepG2 cells were treated with different doses of CAN and then exposed to different doses of γ-IR to achieve optimization that was based on cytotoxicity and clonogenic assays, respectively. The effects of CAN and/or γ-IR on glycolytic metabolism, cellular bioenergetics, oxidative stress, ER stress and autophagy biomarkers, expression of PI3K/AKT/GSK3-β/mTOR and Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathways, and apoptotic markers were monitored. Results CAN enhanced the antitumor potential of γ-IR as displayed by a significant inhibition of clonogenic survival in HepG2 cells via inhibition of glucose uptake, lactate release, and modulation of ER stress-mediated autophagy; switched it to apoptosis; as well as disabled signaling pathways which contribute to metabolic reprogramming and tumor progression induced by γ-IR that confer radioresistance and treatment failure. Conclusion Our study sheds light on the effective combination of CAN and γ-IR in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment and necessitates CAN treatment prior to γ-IR to overcome metabolic reprogramming-associated radioresistance and improve curative outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Khairy Abdel-Rafei
- Department of Radiation Biology, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noura Magdy Thabet
- Department of Radiation Biology, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enas Mahmoud Moustafa
- Department of Radiation Biology, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Scuderi SA, Casili G, Filippone A, Lanza M, Basilotta R, Giuffrida R, Munaò S, Colarossi L, Capra AP, Esposito E, Paterniti I. Beneficial effect of KYP-2047, a propyl-oligopeptidase inhibitor, on oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2021; 12:2459-2473. [PMID: 34917264 PMCID: PMC8664393 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell-carcinoma (OSCC) is a common cancer which arises from the alveolar ridge, buccal mucosa, and tongue. Among OSCC, the incidence of tongue squamous cell-carcinoma (TSCC) is growing all over the world. Oral carcinogenesis has been linked to genetic mutations, chromosomal aberrations and viral factors. Apoptosis and angiogenesis play a key role in the development of oral cancer. Therefore, it is very important discover new therapeutic strategies to counteract oral cancer progression. This study aimed to investigate the effect of KYP-2047 in an in vitro model of TSCC and in vivo CAL27-xenograft model. Our results demonstrated that KYP-2047 was able to reduce TSCCs cell viability at the concentrations of 50 μM and 100 μM. Additionally, KYP-2047 was able to increase Bax, Bad and caspase-3 expression, whereas Bcl-2 and p53 expression were reduced. Moreover, KYP-2047 significantly reduced vascular-endothelial-growth-factor (VEGF) and endothelial-nitric-oxide-synthase (eNOS) expression. In the vivo xenograft model, KYP-2047 at doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg significantly reduced tumor burden and tumor weight, decreasing also angiogenesis markers VEGF and eNOS. Moreover, KYP-2047 increased Bax and reduced Bcl2 expressions. Thus, KYP-2047 could represent a potential therapeutic treatment to counteract tongue oral-cancer growth, thanks its abilities to modulate angiogenesis and apoptosis pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Adriana Scuderi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Giovanna Casili
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Alessia Filippone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
| | - Marika Lanza
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
| | - Rossella Basilotta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Munaò
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Viagrande 95029, CT, Italy
| | | | - Anna Paola Capra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
| | - Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hirata AS, Rezende-Teixeira P, Machado-Neto JA, Jimenez PC, Clair JJL, Fenical W, Costa-Lotufo LV. Seriniquinones as Therapeutic Leads for Treatment of BRAF and NRAS Mutant Melanomas. Molecules 2021; 26:7362. [PMID: 34885944 PMCID: PMC8658889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated from the marine bacteria Serinicoccus sp., seriniquinone (SQ1) has been characterized by its selective activity in melanoma cell lines marked by its modulation of human dermcidin and induction of autophagy and apoptosis. While an active lead, the lack of solubility of SQ1 in both organic and aqueous media has complicated its preclinical evaluation. In response, our team turned its effort to explore analogues with the goal of returning synthetically accessible materials with comparable selectivity and activity. The analogue SQ2 showed improved solubility and reached a 30-40-fold greater selectivity for melanoma cells. Here, we report a detailed comparison of the activity of SQ1 and SQ2 in SK-MEL-28 and SK-MEL-147 cell lines, carrying the top melanoma-associated mutations, BRAFV600E and NRASQ61R, respectively. These studies provide a definitive report on the activity, viability, clonogenicity, dermcidin expression, autophagy, and apoptosis induction following exposure to SQ1 or SQ2. Overall, these studies showed that SQ1 and SQ2 demonstrated comparable activity and modulation of dermcidin expression. These studies are further supported through the evaluation of a panel of basal expression of key-genes related to autophagy and apoptosis, providing further insight into the role of these mutations. To explore this rather as a survival or death mechanism, autophagy inhibition sensibilized BRAF mutants to SQ1 and SQ2, whereas the opposite happened to NRAS mutants. These data suggest that the seriniquinones remain active, independently of the melanoma mutation, and suggest the future combination of their application with inhibitors of autophagy to treat BRAF-mutated tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda S. Hirata
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil; (A.S.H.); (P.R.-T.); (J.A.M.-N.)
| | - Paula Rezende-Teixeira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil; (A.S.H.); (P.R.-T.); (J.A.M.-N.)
| | - João Agostinho Machado-Neto
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil; (A.S.H.); (P.R.-T.); (J.A.M.-N.)
| | - Paula C. Jimenez
- Institute of Marine Science, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos 11070-100, SP, Brazil;
| | - James J. La Clair
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0358, USA;
| | - William Fenical
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0204, USA;
| | - Leticia V. Costa-Lotufo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil; (A.S.H.); (P.R.-T.); (J.A.M.-N.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Liu XY, Lu R, Chen J, Wang J, Qian HM, Chen G, Wu RH, Chi ZL. Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 2 Regulates Retinal Pigment Epithelium Metabolism by Enhancing Autophagy. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:738022. [PMID: 34819832 PMCID: PMC8606588 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.738022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) serves critical functions in maintaining retinal homeostasis. An important function of RPE is to degrade the photoreceptor outer segment fragments daily to maintain photoreceptor function and longevity throughout life. An impairment of RPE functions such as metabolic regulation leads to the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and inherited retinal degenerative diseases. As substrate recognition subunit of a ubiquitin ligase complex, suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) specifically binds to the substrates for ubiquitination and negatively regulates growth hormone signaling. Herein, we explore the role of SOCS2 in the metabolic regulation of autophagy in the RPE cells. SOCS2 knockout mice exhibited the irregular morphological deposits between the RPE and Bruch’s membrane. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that RPE cells lacking SOCS2 displayed impaired autophagy, which could be recovered by re-expressing SOCS2. SOCS2 recognizes the ubiquitylated proteins and participates in the formation of autolysosome by binding with autophagy receptors and lysosome-associated membrane protein2 (LAMP-2), thereby regulating the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) during the autophagy process. Our results imply that SOCS2 participates in ubiquitin-autophagy-lysosomal pathway and enhances autophagy by regulating GSK3β and mTOR. This study provides a potential therapeutic target for AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong-Mei Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rong-Han Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zai-Long Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Almeida TC, Seibert JB, Amparo TR, de Souza GHB, da Silva GN, Dos Santos DH. Modulation of Long Non-Coding RNAs by Different Classes of Secondary Metabolites from Plants: A Mini-Review on Antitumor Effects. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:1232-1255. [PMID: 34720079 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666211101161548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The broad pharmacological spectrum of plants is related to their secondary metabolism, which is responsible for the synthesis of different compounds that have multiple effects on cellular physiology. Among the biological effects presented by phytochemicals, their use for the prevention and treatment of cancer can be highlighted. This occurs due to several mechanisms of antitumor action demonstrated by these compounds, including regulation of the cell signaling pathways and inhibition of tumor growth. In this way, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) appear to be promising targets for the treatment of cancer. Their deregulation has already been related to a variety of clinical-pathological parameters. However, the effects of secondary metabolites on lncRNAs are still restricted. For this reason, the present review aimed to gather data on phytochemicals with action on lncRNAs in order to confirm their possible antitumor potential. According to the literature, terpenoid and flavonoid are the main examples of secondary metabolites involved with lncRNAs activity. In addition, the lncRNAs H19, CASC2, HOTAIR, NKILA, CCAT1, MALAT1, AFAP1-AS1, MEG3, and CDKN2B-AS1 can be highlighted as important targets in the search for new anti-tumor agents since they act as modulating pathways related to cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, cell migration and invasion. Finally, challenges for the use of natural products as a commercial drug were also discussed. The low yield, selectivity index and undesirable pharmacokinetic parameters were emphasized as a difficulty for obtaining these compounds on a large scale and for improving the potency of its biological effect. However, the synthesis and/or development of formulations were suggested as a possible approach to solve these problems. All of these data together confirm the potential of secondary metabolites as a source of new anti-tumor agents acting on lncRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamires Cunha Almeida
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto. Brazil
| | | | - Tatiane Roquete Amparo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto. Brazil
| | | | - Glenda Nicioli da Silva
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto. Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tang C, Zhu J, Yuan F, Yang J, Cai X, Ma C. Curcumin Sensitizes Prolactinoma Cells to Bromocriptine by Activating the ERK/EGR1 and Inhibiting the AKT/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:6170-6185. [PMID: 34463926 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although bromocriptine (BRC) as first-line drug is recommended for treating patients with prolactinoma, a minority of patients with prolactinoma are resistance to BRC. Moreover, our previous study showed the difference in drug sensitivity in BRC-treated rat prolactinoma cells, MMQ cells are more resistant to BRC, and GH3 cells are more sensitive to BRC. Curcumin (Cur) has been shown to inhibit proliferation of prolactinoma cell lines. The aim of this study is to further investigate whether Cur could enhance the growth-inhibitory effect of BRC resistance on prolactinoma cell lines and its possible mechanism. CCK-8 kit was used to test cell growth. Cell cycle analysis and apoptosis were performed by flow cytometry. Electron microscopy was used to test autophagosome. The mRNA expression profiles were analyzed using the Affymetrix Gene-Chip array. Western blot was used to test protein expression. Our data showed that Cur enhanced the growth-inhibitory effect of BRC on GH3 and MMQ cell proliferation. BRC and Cur both induced cell apoptosis, and Cur could significantly increase the apoptosis of BRC on pituitary adenoma cells through the ERK/EGR1 signaling pathway. Moreover, Cur could enhance the autophagic cell death (ACD) of BRC on tumor cells by inhibiting the AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway. The same results were confirmed invivo study. Taken together, Cur sensitizes rat prolactinoma cells to BRC by activating the ERK/EGR1 and inhibiting the AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junhao Zhu
- Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Yuan
- Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangming Cai
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chiyuan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. .,Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. .,School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Prakash S, Radha, Kumar M, Kumari N, Thakur M, Rathour S, Pundir A, Sharma AK, Bangar SP, Dhumal S, Singh S, Thiyagarajan A, Sharma A, Sharma M, Changan S, Sasi M, Senapathy M, Pradhan PC, Garg NK, Ilakiya T, Nitin M, Abdel-Daim MM, Puri S, Natta S, Dey A, Amarowicz R, Mekhemar M. Plant-Based Antioxidant Extracts and Compounds in the Management of Oral Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1358. [PMID: 34572990 PMCID: PMC8466097 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer continues to be a leading cause of death worldwide, and its prevalence is particularly high in developing countries, where people chew tobacco and betel nut on a regular basis. Radiation-, chemo-, targeted-, immuno-, and hormone-based therapies along with surgery are commonly used as part of a treatment plan. However, these treatments frequently result in various unwanted short- to long-term side effects. As a result, there is an urgent need to develop treatment options for oral cancer that have little or no adverse effects. Numerous bioactive compounds derived from various plants have recently attracted attention as therapeutic options for cancer treatment. Antioxidants found in medicinal plants, such as vitamins E, C, and A, reduce damage to the mucosa by neutralizing free radicals found in various oral mucosal lesions. Phytochemicals found in medicinal plants have the potential to modulate cellular signalling pathways that alter the cellular defence mechanisms to protect normal cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of various medicinal plants and phytoconstituents that have shown the potential to be used as oral cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Prakash
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India; (S.P.); (N.K.); (M.T.); (S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India; (S.P.); (N.K.); (M.T.); (S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Neeraj Kumari
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India; (S.P.); (N.K.); (M.T.); (S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Mamta Thakur
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India; (S.P.); (N.K.); (M.T.); (S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Sonia Rathour
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India; (S.P.); (N.K.); (M.T.); (S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Ashok Pundir
- School of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India;
| | - Abhishek Kumar Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India;
| | - Sneh Punia Bangar
- Department of Food, Nutrition, & Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
| | - Sangram Dhumal
- Division of Horticulture, RCSM College of Agriculture, Kolhapur 416004, India;
| | - Surinder Singh
- Dr. S.S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India;
| | - Anitha Thiyagarajan
- Department of Postharvest Technology, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam 625604, India;
| | - Anshu Sharma
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni 173230, India;
| | - Munisha Sharma
- Sri Shankara Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Bengaluru 560004, India;
| | - Sushil Changan
- Division of Crop Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India;
| | - Minnu Sasi
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Marisennayya Senapathy
- Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, SNNPR, Ethiopia;
| | - Prakash Chandra Pradhan
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Nitin Kumar Garg
- Division of Biochemistry, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner 303329, India;
| | - Tamilselvan Ilakiya
- Department of Vegetable Science, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India;
| | - Mukesh Nitin
- Department of Tech. Biosciences, Digianalix, South Samaj Street, Tharpakhna, Ranchi 834001, India;
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Phamaceutical Sciences, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia;
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Sunil Puri
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India; (S.P.); (N.K.); (M.T.); (S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Suman Natta
- ICAR—National Research Centre for Orchids, Pakyong 737106, India;
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, India;
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Mohamed Mekhemar
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian-Albrecht’s University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Shu X, Hu Y, Huang C, Wei N. Nimbolide ameliorates the streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy in rats through the inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4255-4262. [PMID: 34354407 PMCID: PMC8324995 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common problem in the diabetic patients due to the high blood glucose level. DR affects more number of diabetic patients worldwide with irreversible vision loss. OBJECTIVE The current investigation was focused to reveal the therapeutic actions of nimbolide against the streptozotocin (STZ)-provoked DR in rats through inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB pathway. METHODOLOGY DR was provoked to the rats through administering a single dose of STZ (60 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. The DR rats were then supplemented with the 50 mg/kg of nimbolide for 60 days. The bodyweight and blood glucose level was measured using standard methods. The lipid profiles (cholesterol, TG, LDL, and HDL), inflammatory markers, and antioxidants level was detected using respective kits. The level of MCP-1, VEGF, and MMP-9 was quantified using kits. The morphometric analysis of retinal tissues were done. The mRNA expressions of target genes were studied using RT-PCR assay. RESULTS Nimbolide treatment effective decreased the food intake and blood glucose, and improved the bodyweight of STZ-provoked animals. The levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, cholesterol, TG, LDL, and HDL, MCP-1, VEGF, and MMP-9 was remarkably suppressed by the nimbolide treatment. Nimbolide also improved the antioxidants, retinal thickness and cell numbers. The TLR4/NF-κB pathway was appreciably inhibited by the nimbolide. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings demonstrated that the nimbolide attenuated the STZ-provoked DR in rats through inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwen Shu
- Second Department of Ophthalmology, Second People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Yali Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People’s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Ning Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People’s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250000, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhao C, Zhang Z, Dai X, Wang J, Liu H, Ma H. Actein Antagonizes Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Proliferation through Activating FoxO1. Pharmacology 2021; 106:551-563. [PMID: 34175854 DOI: 10.1159/000515601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is among the most prevalent head and neck malignancies globally, and it is associated with high mortality rates. Actein is one of the primary active components extractable from the rhizomes of Cimicifuga foetida. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-OSCC effects of actein and evaluate the potential underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS CCK-8 cell proliferation experiments demonstrated significant dose- and time-dependent anti-OSCC effects of actein, while actein had weak cytotoxic effects on normal oral cell lines. Flow cytometry for cell cycle evaluation revealed that actein could induce cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase among OSCC cell lines. In our Annexin V/PI double staining apoptosis analysis, actein induced significant apoptosis among OSCC cells, with upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2. Our mechanistic study implicated the involvement of the Akt/FoxO1 pathway in the anti-OSCC effects of actein. Akt1 and Akt2 expression significantly decreased in association with the FoxO1 upregulation. Furthermore, Bim and p21 were significantly upregulated, while survivin expression was downregulated. Finally, actein treatment was associated with significant p-Akt downregulation and p-FoxO1 upregulation in OSCC cells, demonstrating the validated roles of Akt/FoxO1 in actein-mediated OSCC cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. FoxO1 knockdown significantly reversed the anti-OSCC effects of actein. Additionally, a xenograft model indicated that actein could inhibit OSCC cell growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that actein could be a strong anti-OSCC candidate. Further evaluations of its safety and effectiveness are necessary before it can be considered for clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Zhao
- Department of Emergency and General Dentistry, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, NanKai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiling Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, NanKai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohua Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Department of Emergency and General Dentistry, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, NanKai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Emergency and General Dentistry, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, NanKai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Department of Emergency and General Dentistry, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, NanKai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kumar KA, Sharma M, Dalal V, Singh V, Tomar S, Kumar P. Multifunctional inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 by MM/PBSA, essential dynamics, and molecular dynamic investigations. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 107:107969. [PMID: 34237666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.107969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic demands a novel approach to combat and identify potential therapeutic targets. The SARS-CoV-2 infection causes a hyperimmune response followed by a spectrum of diseases. Limonoids are a class of triterpenoids known to prevent the release of IL-6, IL-15, IL-1α, IL-1β via TNF and are also known to modulate PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β, JNK1/2, MAPKp38, ERK1/2, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways and could help to avoid viral infection, persistence, and pathogenesis. The present study employs a computational approach of virtual screening and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations of such compounds against RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), Main protease (Mpro), and Papain-like protease (PLpro) of SARS-CoV-2. MD simulation, Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM/PBSA), and Essential dynamics revealed that the macromolecule-ligand complexes are stable with very low free energy of binding. Such compounds that could modulate both host responses and inhibit viral machinery could be beneficial in effectively controlling the global pandemic.
Collapse
|
43
|
Alam M, Mishra R. Bcl-xL expression and regulation in the progression, recurrence, and cisplatin resistance of oral cancer. Life Sci 2021; 280:119705. [PMID: 34111459 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bcl-xL is an anti-apoptotic molecule, but its role in the progression and recurrent/ drug-resistant oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is poorly understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of one hundred twenty-five human OSCC tissue specimens including twenty-nine adjacent normals (AN), sixty-nine primary tumors (PT), twenty-seven recurrent chemoradiation resistance (RCRT) samples, and oral tongue SCC derived cisplatin-resistant (CisR SCC-4/-9) cells were used, for this study. Protein/mRNA expression levels of Bcl-xL and its regulation by ERK1/2, Stat-3, p53, NFκB, AP-1 (components: c-Jun, c-Fos, and Fra-2) molecules, and cell viability were measured by immunohistochemistry, Western blot, RT-PCR, and MTT analysis. Further, the individual and synergistic effects of Fra-2 (siRNA) and nimbolide were tested in CisR SCC-4/-9 cells. RESULTS Progressive increase of Bcl-xL expression and its transcriptional-deregulation was observed with OSCC progression and resistance. Among all the possible upstream regulators of Bcl-xL, such as ERK1/2, Stat-3, p53, AP-1, and NFκB, the TF AP-1 (r = 0.644, p = 0.0001) showed maximum association with Bcl-xL mRNA expression. Though differential expression of AP-1 components were detected in OSCC specimens, with more striking positive-correction of c-Jun (r = 0.381, p = 0.049), c-Fos (r = 0.139, p = 0.488, ns) and Fra-2 (r = 0.664, p = 0.0001) with Bcl-xL expression observed stronger in RCRT tumor subgroup. Further, knockdown of Fra-2 and the application of plant-based phytochemical nimbolide decreased Bcl-xL expression and induced apoptosis in CisR SCC-4/-9 cells. CONCLUSION Collectively, we have demonstrated the role of Bcl-xL and AP-1 (Fra-2), causing OSCC progression and cisplatin resistance. Targeting Bcl-xL upstream pathway along with the application of nimbolide might be beneficial in eliminating drug-resistant OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manzar Alam
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi 835205, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Rajakishore Mishra
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi 835205, Jharkhand, India.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Liu W, Yao Y, Shi L, Tang G, Wu L. A novel lncRNA LOLA1 may predict malignant progression and promote migration, invasion, and EMT of oral leukoplakia via the AKT/GSK-3β pathway. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:1302-1312. [PMID: 33969929 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although dysregulation and dysfunction of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in malignant behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), whether aberrant lncRNAs play a role in the carcinogenesis of oral leukoplakia (OL) as the best-known precursor of OSCC remains undetermined. Differentially expressed lncRNAs in the occurrence and progression of OL were studied by microarray and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). We found a novel key lncRNA n386251 that we named LOLA1 (lncRNA oral leukoplakia progressed associated 1) in the OL progression. The results of qRT-PCR revealed that LOLA1 aberrant expression was validated in tissue samples and cell lines from the normal oral mucosa, OL to OSCC. Fluorescent in situ hybridization showed that LOLA1 expression localized predominately at the cytoplasm of Leuk1 cells. Cell function assays showed that LOLA1 significantly influenced cell migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) protein expression. Potential mechanism experiments revealed that AKT/GSK-3β signaling was involved in the regulatory mechanism of LOLA1 in OL progression. Remarkably, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that LOLA1 overexpression could predict malignant events of OL progression to OSCC. In conclusion, the current study for the first time profiled and validated the key lncRNAs related to OL progression. Importantly, we demonstrated that a novel lncRNA LOLA1 upregulation was associated with OL malignant progression, suggesting LOLA1 may be a predictive biomarker. Moreover, LOLA1 may promote migration, invasion, and EMT process in OL malignant progression via AKT/GSK-3β pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Yao
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linjun Shi
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyao Tang
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Fang R, Lu Q, Xu B. hsa‑miR‑5580‑3p inhibits oral cancer cell viability, proliferation and migration by suppressing LAMC2. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:453. [PMID: 33880581 PMCID: PMC8072311 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore whether and how microRNA-5580-3p (miR-5580-3p) affected oral cancer (OC) cell phenotypes via regulation of laminin subunit γ2 (LAMC2). Bioinformatics analysis was used to identify miR-5580-3p/LAMC2, a novel interactome that, to the best of our knowledge, has not been studied previously in OC. In the present study, the expression levels of miR-5580-3p and LAMC2 were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, while the protein expression levels of LAMC2 were identified using western blotting. To determine the effects of miR-5580-3p and LAMC2 in OC, a number of experiments, including Cell Counting Kit-8, 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine cell proliferation and wound healing migration assays, were performed using OC SCC-4 and Cal-27 cell lines. Additionally, luciferase reporter assays were employed to examine the interaction between miR-5580-3p and LAMC2 mRNA. The results demonstrated that miR-5580-3p expression was downregulated, while LAMC2 expression was upregulated in OC tissues and cell lines. In addition to the observation that miR-5580-3p promoted the malignant phenotypes of OC, it was also revealed that miR-5580-3p inhibited OC cell viability, proliferation and migration by suppressing LAMC2. Therefore, the present study suggested that miR-5580-3p and LAMC2 may be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for OC diagnosis and therapies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430033, P.R. China
| | - Qian Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430015, P.R. China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430033, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Jaiswara PK, Gupta VK, Sonker P, Rawat SG, Tiwari RK, Pathak C, Kumar S, Kumar A. Nimbolide induces cell death in T lymphoma cells: Implication of altered apoptosis and glucose metabolism. Environ Toxicol 2021; 36:628-641. [PMID: 33274819 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nimbolide is a tetranortriterpenoid derived from the leaves and flowers of Azadirachta indica (Neem). It exhibits anticancer activity against a variety of cancers by modulating various crucial features, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion and metastasis. More importantly, the cytotoxic effect of nimbolide has also been observed against T cell lymphoma, but the underlying mechanisms are still unexplored. So far, no study has been conducted to observe the effect of nimbolide on cancer cell metabolism. Therefore, the present investigation was designed to explore the molecular mechanisms of the antitumor potential of nimbolide against T cell lymphoma, a neoplastic disorder of thymic origin. In addition, we also unraveled the anti-glycolytic activity of nimbolide against T lymphoma cells with possible molecular mechanisms. Our results showed the cytotoxic action of nimbolide against three different cell lines of T cell lymphoma, namely Dalton's lymphoma, HuT-78, and J6. Nimbolide-induced apoptosis in T lymphoma cells by altering the level of reactive oxygen species, p53, Bcl2, Bax, and cytochrome c, with subsequent cleavage of caspase 3. Remarkably, nimbolide inhibited the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, glucose transporter 3, hexokinase II, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1, which led to the suppression of glycolysis with concomitant activation of oxidative phosphorylation. Hence, the results of the present investigation demonstrate that nimbolide exerts tumoricidal activity against T lymphoma cells via augmentation of apoptosis and reversal of altered cell metabolism. Thus, the present study provides a new insight for the therapeutic utilization of nimbolide against T cell lymphoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Kumar Jaiswara
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Vishal Kumar Gupta
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Pratishtha Sonker
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Shiv Govind Rawat
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Rajan Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Chandramani Pathak
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Amity Education Valley, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sarkar S, Singh RP, Bhattacharya G. Exploring the role of Azadirachta indica (neem) and its active compounds in the regulation of biological pathways: an update on molecular approach. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:178. [PMID: 33927969 PMCID: PMC7981372 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In ethnomedicine, plant parts and compounds are used traditionally to treat different diseases. Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) is the most versatile and useful medicinal plant ever found. Its every part is rich in bioactive compounds, which have traditionally been used to treat different ailments including infectious diseases. Bioactive compounds such as nimbolide, azarirachtin, and gedunin of neem are reported to have a tremendous ability to regulate numerous biological processes in vitro and in vivo. The present review article aims to explore the importance of neem extracts and bioactive compounds in the regulation of different biological pathways. We have reviewed research articles up to March 2020 on the role of neem in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, immunomodulatory, and apoptotic activities. Studies on the concerned fields demonstrate that the bioactive compounds and extracts of neem have a regulatory effect on several biological mechanisms. It has been unveiled that extensive research is carried out on limonoids such as nimbolide and azarirachtin. It is evidenced by different studies that neem extracts are the potential to scavenge free radicals and reduce ROS-mediated damage to cells. Neem can be used to normalize lipid peroxidation and minimize ROS-mediated cell death. Besides, neem extracts can significantly reduce the release of proinflammatory cytokines and elevate the count of CD4 + and CD8 + T-cells. This review indicates the pivotal roles of A. indica in the regulation of different biological pathways. However, future investigations on other bioactive compounds of neem may reveal different therapeutic potentials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subendu Sarkar
- Department of Surgery, University School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Rajender Pal Singh
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Gorachand Bhattacharya
- Jagannath Gupta Institute of Medical Sciences & Hospital, KP Mondal Road, Buita, Nishchintapur, Budge Budge, Kolkata 700137 India
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Nimbolide, a major limonoid constituent of Azadirachta indica, commonly known as neem, has attracted increasing research attention owing to its wide spectrum of pharmacological properties, predominantly anticancer activity. Nimbolide is reported to exert potent antiproliferative effects on a myriad cancer cell lines and chemotherapeutic efficacy in preclinical animal tumor models. The potentiality of nimbolide to circumvent multidrug resistance and aid in targeted protein degradation broaden its utility in enhancing therapeutic modalities and outcome. Accumulating evidence indicates that nimbolide prevents the acquisition of cancer hallmarks such as sustained proliferation, apoptosis evasion, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and inflammation by modulating kinase-driven oncogenic signaling networks. Nimbolide has been demonstrated to abrogate aberrant activation of cellular signaling by influencing the subcellular localization of transcription factors and phosphorylation of kinases in addition to influencing the epigenome. Nimbolide, with its ever-expanding repertoire of molecular targets, is a valuable addition to the anticancer drug arsenal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddavaram Nagini
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu 608002, India
| | - Ramesh Nivetha
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu 608002, India
| | - Manikandan Palrasu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Rosenstiel Medical Sciences Building, Suite 4116, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Rajakishore Mishra
- Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835205, India
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Gong X, Tang H, Yang K. PER1 suppresses glycolysis and cell proliferation in oral squamous cell carcinoma via the PER1/RACK1/PI3K signaling complex. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:276. [PMID: 33723221 PMCID: PMC7960720 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03563-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that the core clock gene Period 1 (PER1) plays important roles in the formation of various tumors. However, the biological functions and mechanism of PER1 in promoting tumor progression remain largely unknown. Here, we discovered that PER1 was markedly downregulated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Then, OSCC cell lines with stable overexpression, knockdown, and mutation of PER1 were established. We found that PER1 overexpression significantly inhibited glycolysis, glucose uptake, proliferation, and the PI3K/AKT pathway in OSCC cells. The opposite effects were observed in PER1-knockdown OSCC cells. After treatment of PER1-overexpressing OSCC cells with an AKT activator or treatment of PER1-knockdown OSCC cells with an AKT inhibitor, glycolysis, glucose uptake, and proliferation were markedly rescued. In addition, after treatment of PER1-knockdown OSCC cells with a glycolysis inhibitor, the increase in cell proliferation was significantly reversed. Further, coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and cycloheximide (CHX) chase experiment demonstrated that PER1 can bind with RACK1 and PI3K to form the PER1/RACK1/PI3K complex in OSCC cells. In PER1-overexpressing OSCC cells, the abundance of the PER1/RACK1/PI3K complex was significantly increased, the half-life of PI3K was markedly decreased, and glycolysis, proliferation, and the PI3K/AKT pathway were significantly inhibited. However, these effects were markedly reversed in PER1-mutant OSCC cells. In vivo tumorigenicity assays confirmed that PER1 overexpression inhibited tumor growth while suppressing glycolysis, proliferation, and the PI3K/AKT pathway. Collectively, this study generated the novel findings that PER1 suppresses OSCC progression by inhibiting glycolysis-mediated cell proliferation via the formation of the PER1/RACK1/PI3K complex to regulate the stability of PI3K and the PI3K/AKT pathway-dependent manner and that PER1 could potentially be a valuable therapeutic target in OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobao Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Tang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, 400016, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Patni AP, Harishankar MK, Joseph JP, Sreeshma B, Jayaraj R, Devi A. Comprehending the crosstalk between Notch, Wnt and Hedgehog signaling pathways in oral squamous cell carcinoma - clinical implications. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:473-494. [PMID: 33704672 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00591-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a malignant oral cavity neoplasm that affects many people, especially in developing countries. Despite several advances that have been made in diagnosis and treatment, the morbidity and mortality rates due to OSCC remain high. Accumulating evidence indicates that aberrant activation of cellular signaling pathways, such as the Notch, Wnt and Hedgehog pathways, occurs during the development and metastasis of OSCC. In this review, we have articulated the roles of the Notch, Wnt and Hedgehog signaling pathways in OSCC and their crosstalk during tumor development and progression. We have also examined possible interactions and associations between these pathways and treatment regimens that could be employed to effectively tackle OSCC and/or prevent its recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Activation of the Notch signaling pathway upregulates the expression of several genes, including c-Myc, β-catenin, NF-κB and Shh. Associations between the Notch signaling pathway and other pathways have been shown to enhance OSCC tumor aggressiveness. Crosstalk between these pathways supports the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and regulates OSCC cell motility. Thus, application of compounds that block these pathways may be a valid strategy to treat OSCC. Such compounds have already been employed in other types of cancer and could be repurposed for OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjali P Patni
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kanchipuram, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - M K Harishankar
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kanchipuram, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Joel P Joseph
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kanchipuram, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Bhuvanadas Sreeshma
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kanchipuram, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Rama Jayaraj
- College of Human and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Ellangowan Drive, Darwin, Northern Territory, 0909, Australia
| | - Arikketh Devi
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kanchipuram, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| |
Collapse
|