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Ouyang Y, Gu Y, Zhang X, Huang Y, Wei X, Tang F, Zhang S. AMPKα2 promotes tumor immune escape by inducing CD8+ T-cell exhaustion and CD4+ Treg cell formation in liver hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:276. [PMID: 38424484 PMCID: PMC10905944 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12025-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is associated with the development of liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). AMPKα2, an α2 subunit of AMPK, is encoded by PRKAA2, and functions as the catalytic core of AMPK. However, the role of AMPKα2 in the LIHC tumor immune environment is unclear. METHODS RNA-seq data were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases. Using the single-cell RNA-sequencing dataset for LIHC obtained from the China National Genebank Database, the communication between malignant cells and T cells in response to different PRKAA2 expression patterns was evaluated. In addition, the association between PRKAA2 expression and T-cell evolution during tumor progression was explored using Pseudotime analysis, and the role of PRKAA2 in metabolic reprogramming was explored using the R "scMetabolis" package. Functional experiments were performed in LIHC HepG2 cells. RESULTS AMPK subunits were expressed in tissue-specific and substrate-specific patterns. PRKAA2 was highly expressed in LIHC tissues and was associated with poor patient prognosis. Tumors with high PRKAA2 expression displayed an immune cold phenotype. High PRKAA2 expression significantly promoted LIHC immune escape. This result is supported by the following evidence: 1) the inhibition of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) expression through the regulation of interferon-gamma activity in malignant cells; 2) the promotion of CD8+ T-cell exhaustion and the formation of CD4+ Treg cells in T cells; 3) altered interactions between malignant cells and T cells in the tumor immune environment; and 4) induction of metabolic reprogramming in malignant cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicate that PRKAA2 may contribute to LIHC progression by promoting metabolic reprogramming and tumor immune escape through theoretical analysis, which offers a theoretical foundation for developing PRKAA2-based strategies for personalized LIHC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xinhai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ya Huang
- Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xianpeng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fuzhou Tang
- Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Shichao Zhang
- Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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Al-Othman S, Boyett MR, Morris GM, Malhotra A, Mesirca P, Mangoni ME, D'Souza A. Symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in the athlete-Underlying mechanisms and treatments. Heart Rhythm 2024:S1547-5271(24)00222-4. [PMID: 38428449 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Bradyarrhythmias including sinus bradycardia and atrioventricular (AV) block are frequently encountered in endurance athletes especially at night. While these are well tolerated by the young athlete, there is evidence that generally from the fifth decade of life onward, such arrhythmias can degenerate into pathological symptomatic bradycardia requiring pacemaker therapy. For many years, athletic bradycardia and AV block have been attributed to high vagal tone, but work from our group has questioned this widely held assumption and demonstrated a role for intrinsic electrophysiological remodeling of the sinus node and the AV node. In this article, we argue that bradyarrhythmias in the veteran athlete arise from the cumulative effects of exercise training, the circadian rhythm and aging on the electrical activity of the nodes. We consider contemporary strategies for the treatment of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in athletes and highlight potential therapies resulting from our evolving mechanistic understanding of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Al-Othman
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R Boyett
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom.
| | - Gwilym M Morris
- Cardiology Department, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aneil Malhotra
- Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pietro Mesirca
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Laboratory of Excellence "Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics" (ICST), Montpellier, France
| | - Matteo E Mangoni
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Laboratory of Excellence "Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics" (ICST), Montpellier, France
| | - Alicia D'Souza
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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3
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Liu T, Chen X, Sun Q, Li J, Wang Q, Wei P, Wang W, Li C, Wang Y. Valerenic acid attenuates pathological myocardial hypertrophy by promoting the utilization of multiple substrates in the mitochondrial energy metabolism. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00070-5. [PMID: 38373650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Valerenic acid (VA) is a unique and biologically active component in Valeriana officinalis L., which has been reported to have a regulatory effect on the cardiovascular system. However, its therapeutic effects on pathological myocardial hypertrophy (PMH) and the underlying mechanisms are undefined. OBJECTIVES Our study aims to elucidate how VA improves PMH, and preliminarily discuss its mechanism. METHODS The efficacy of VA on PMH was confirmed by in vivo and in vitro experiments and the underlying mechanism was investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and specific siRNA interference. RESULTS VA enhanced cardiomyocyte fatty acid oxidation (FAO), inhibited hyper-activated glycolysis, and improved the unbalanced pyruvate-lactate axis. VA could significantly improve impaired mitochondrial function and reduce the triglyceride (TG) in the hypertrophic myocardium while reducing the lactate (LD) content. Molecular mechanistic studies showed that VA up-regulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) and downstream FAO-related genes including CD36, CPT1A, EHHADH, and MCAD. VA reduced the expression of ENO1 and PDK4, the key enzymes in glycolysis. Meanwhile, VA improved the pyruvate-lactate axis and promoted the aerobic oxidation of pyruvate by inhibiting LDAH and MCT4. MD simulations confirmed that VA can bind with the F273 site of PPARα, which proposes VA as a potential activator of the PPARα. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that VA might be a potent activator for the PPARα-mediated pathway. VA directly targets the PPARα and subsequently promotes energy metabolism to attenuate PMH, which can be applied as a potentially effective drug for the treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xu Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qianbin Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Junjun Li
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Peng Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong 510006, China..
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong 510006, China..
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan 650500, China.
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Ripa R, Ballhysa E, Steiner JD, Laboy R, Annibal A, Hochhard N, Latza C, Dolfi L, Calabrese C, Meyer AM, Polidori MC, Müller RU, Antebi A. Refeeding-associated AMPK γ1 complex activity is a hallmark of health and longevity. Nat Aging 2023; 3:1544-1560. [PMID: 37957359 PMCID: PMC10724066 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Late-life-initiated dietary interventions show limited efficacy in extending longevity or mitigating frailty, yet the underlying causes remain unclear. Here we studied the age-related fasting response of the short-lived killifish Nothobranchius furzeri. Transcriptomic analysis uncovered the existence of a fasting-like transcriptional program in the adipose tissue of old fish that overrides the feeding response, setting the tissue in persistent metabolic quiescence. The fasting-refeeding cycle triggers an inverse oscillatory expression of genes encoding the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulatory subunits Prkag1 (γ1) and Prkag2 (γ2) in young individuals. Aging blunts such regulation, resulting in reduced Prkag1 expression. Transgenic fish with sustained AMPKγ1 countered the fasting-like transcriptional program, exhibiting a more youthful feeding and fasting response in older age, improved metabolic health and longevity. Accordingly, Prkag1 expression declines with age in human tissues and is associated with multimorbidity and multidimensional frailty risk. Thus, selective activation of AMPKγ1 prevents metabolic quiescence and preserves healthy aging in vertebrates, offering potential avenues for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ripa
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eugen Ballhysa
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Graduate School for Ageing Research (CGA), Cologne, Germany
| | - Joachim D Steiner
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Raymond Laboy
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Annibal
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nadine Hochhard
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Latza
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Luca Dolfi
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Chiara Calabrese
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Graduate School for Ageing Research (CGA), Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna M Meyer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria Cristina Polidori
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adam Antebi
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.
- Cologne Graduate School for Ageing Research (CGA), Cologne, Germany.
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Zheng M, Erhardt S, Cao Y, Wang J. Emerging Signaling Regulation of Sinoatrial Node Dysfunction. Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:621-630. [PMID: 37227579 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01885-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The sinoatrial node (SAN), the natural pacemaker of the heart, is responsible for generating electrical impulses and initiating each heartbeat. Sinoatrial node dysfunction (SND) causes various arrhythmias such as sinus arrest, SAN block, and tachycardia/bradycardia syndrome. Unraveling the underlying mechanisms of SND is of paramount importance in the pursuit of developing effective therapeutic strategies for patients with SND. This review provides a concise summary of the most recent progress in the signaling regulation of SND. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies indicate that SND can be caused by abnormal intercellular and intracellular signaling, various forms of heart failure (HF), and diabetes. These discoveries provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms SND, advancing our understanding of its pathogenesis. SND can cause severe cardiac arrhythmias associated with syncope and an increased risk of sudden death. In addition to ion channels, the SAN is susceptible to the influence of various signalings including Hippo, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mechanical force, and natriuretic peptide receptors. New cellular and molecular mechanisms related to SND are also deciphered in systemic diseases such as HF and diabetes. Progress in these studies contributes to the development of potential therapeutics for SND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shannon Erhardt
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yuhan Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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6
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Zheng M, Li RG, Song J, Zhao X, Tang L, Erhardt S, Chen W, Nguyen BH, Li X, Li M, Wang J, Evans SM, Christoffels VM, Li N, Wang J. Hippo-Yap Signaling Maintains Sinoatrial Node Homeostasis. Circulation 2022; 146:1694-1711. [PMID: 36317529 PMCID: PMC9897204 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.058777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sinoatrial node (SAN) functions as the pacemaker of the heart, initiating rhythmic heartbeats. Despite its importance, the SAN is one of the most poorly understood cardiac entities because of its small size and complex composition and function. The Hippo signaling pathway is a molecular signaling pathway fundamental to heart development and regeneration. Although abnormalities of the Hippo pathway are associated with cardiac arrhythmias in human patients, the role of this pathway in the SAN is unknown. METHODS We investigated key regulators of the Hippo pathway in SAN pacemaker cells by conditionally inactivating the Hippo signaling kinases Lats1 and Lats2 using the tamoxifen-inducible, cardiac conduction system-specific Cre driver Hcn4CreERT2 with Lats1 and Lats2 conditional knockout alleles. In addition, the Hippo-signaling effectors Yap and Taz were conditionally inactivated in the SAN. To determine the function of Hippo signaling in the SAN and other cardiac conduction system components, we conducted a series of physiological and molecular experiments, including telemetry ECG recording, echocardiography, Masson Trichrome staining, calcium imaging, immunostaining, RNAscope, cleavage under targets and tagmentation sequencing using antibodies against Yap1 or H3K4me3, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting. We also performed comprehensive bioinformatics analyses of various datasets. RESULTS We found that Lats1/2 inactivation caused severe sinus node dysfunction. Compared with the controls, Lats1/2 conditional knockout mutants exhibited dysregulated calcium handling and increased fibrosis in the SAN, indicating that Lats1/2 function through both cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms. It is notable that the Lats1/2 conditional knockout phenotype was rescued by genetic deletion of Yap and Taz in the cardiac conduction system. These rescued mice had normal sinus rhythm and reduced fibrosis of the SAN, indicating that Lats1/2 function through Yap and Taz. Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation sequencing data showed that Yap potentially regulates genes critical for calcium homeostasis such as Ryr2 and genes encoding paracrine factors important in intercellular communication and fibrosis induction such as Tgfb1 and Tgfb3. Consistent with this, Lats1/2 conditional knockout mutants had decreased Ryr2 expression and increased Tgfb1 and Tgfb3 expression compared with control mice. CONCLUSIONS We reveal, for the first time to our knowledge, that the canonical Hippo-Yap pathway plays a pivotal role in maintaining SAN homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.Z., X.Z., S.E., W.C., Jun Wang)
| | - Rich G Li
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (R.G.L., X.L.)
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research), Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (J.S., N.L.)
| | - Xiaolei Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.Z., X.Z., S.E., W.C., Jun Wang)
| | - Li Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (L.T., M.L., Jianxin Wang)
| | - Shannon Erhardt
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.Z., X.Z., S.E., W.C., Jun Wang)
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston (S.E., Jun Wang)
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.Z., X.Z., S.E., W.C., Jun Wang)
| | - Bao H Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (B.H.N.)
| | - Xiao Li
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (R.G.L., X.L.)
| | - Min Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (L.T., M.L., Jianxin Wang)
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (L.T., M.L., Jianxin Wang)
| | - Sylvia M Evans
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla (S.M.E.)
| | - Vincent M Christoffels
- Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands (V.M.C.)
| | - Na Li
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research), Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (J.S., N.L.)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.Z., X.Z., S.E., W.C., Jun Wang)
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston (S.E., Jun Wang)
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Back Sternick
- Hospital BiocorRede D’Or São LuísNova LimaMGBrasilHospital Biocor, Rede D’Or São Luís, Nova Lima, MG – Brasil
- Hospital Governador Israel PinheiroBelo HorizonteMGBrasilHospital Governador Israel Pinheiro (IPSEMG), Belo Horizonte, MG – Brasil
- Hospital Mater DeiBelo HorizonteMGBrasilHospital Mater Dei, Belo Horizonte, MG – Brasil
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8
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de Magalhães EFS, de Magalhães LP, Pinheiro JDO, Guabiru AT, Aras R. Atrial Flutter in PRKAG2 Syndrome: Clinical and Electrophysiological Characteristics. Arq Bras Cardiol 2022; 119:S0066-782X2022005014202. [PMID: 36102422 PMCID: PMC9750222 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PRKAG2 syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disease, a phenocopy of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy characterized by intracellular glycogen accumulation. Clinical manifestations include ventricular preexcitation, cardiac conduction disorder, ventricular hypertrophy, and atrial arrhythmias. OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics observed in patients with atrial flutter, with and without PRKAG2 syndrome. METHODS An observational study comparing patients with atrial flutter: group A consisted of five patients with PRKAG2 syndrome from a family, and group B consisted of 25 patients without phenotype of PRKAG2 syndrome. The level of significance was 5%. RESULTS All patients in group A had ventricular preexcitation and right branch block, and four had pacemakers (80%). Patients in group A were younger (39±5.4 vs 58.6±17.6 years, p=0.021), had greater interventricular septum (median=18 vs 10 mm; p<0.001) and posterior wall thickness (median=14 vs 10 mm; p=0.001). In group A, four patients were submitted to an electrophysiological study, showing a fasciculoventricular pathway, and atrial flutter ablation was performed in tree. All patients in group B were submitted to ablation of atrial flutter, with no evidence of accessory pathway. Group B had a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease and sleep apnea, with no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION Patients with PRKAG2 syndrome presented atrial flutter at an earlier age and had fewer comorbidities when compared to patients with atrial flutter without mutation phenotype. The occurrence of atrial flutter in young individuals, especially in the presence of ventricular preexcitation and familial ventricular hypertrophy, should raise the suspicion of PRKAG2 syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Faria Soares de Magalhães
- Universidade Federal da BahiaFaculdade de Medicina de BahiaSalvadorBABrasil Universidade Federal da Bahia – Faculdade de Medicina de Bahia , Salvador , BA – Brasil
| | - Luiz Pereira de Magalhães
- Universidade Federal da BahiaFaculdade de Medicina de BahiaSalvadorBABrasil Universidade Federal da Bahia – Faculdade de Medicina de Bahia , Salvador , BA – Brasil
- Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard SantosSalvadorBABrasil Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos , Salvador , BA – Brasil
| | - Jussara de Oliveira Pinheiro
- Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard SantosSalvadorBABrasil Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos , Salvador , BA – Brasil
| | - Alex Teixeira Guabiru
- Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard SantosSalvadorBABrasil Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos , Salvador , BA – Brasil
| | - Roque Aras
- Universidade Federal da BahiaFaculdade de Medicina de BahiaSalvadorBABrasil Universidade Federal da Bahia – Faculdade de Medicina de Bahia , Salvador , BA – Brasil
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9
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Callaghan NI, Durland LJ, Ireland RG, Santerre JP, Simmons CA, Davenport Huyer L. Harnessing conserved signaling and metabolic pathways to enhance the maturation of functional engineered tissues. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:44. [PMID: 36057642 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of induced-pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cell types offers promise for basic science, drug testing, disease modeling, personalized medicine, and translatable cell therapies across many tissue types. However, in practice many iPSC-derived cells have presented as immature in physiological function, and despite efforts to recapitulate adult maturity, most have yet to meet the necessary benchmarks for the intended tissues. Here, we summarize the available state of knowledge surrounding the physiological mechanisms underlying cell maturation in several key tissues. Common signaling consolidators, as well as potential synergies between critical signaling pathways are explored. Finally, current practices in physiologically relevant tissue engineering and experimental design are critically examined, with the goal of integrating greater decision paradigms and frameworks towards achieving efficient maturation strategies, which in turn may produce higher-valued iPSC-derived tissues.
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10
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Wilde AAM, Semsarian C, Márquez MF, Shamloo AS, Ackerman MJ, Ashley EA, Sternick EB, Barajas-Martinez H, Behr ER, Bezzina CR, Breckpot J, Charron P, Chockalingam P, Crotti L, Gollob MH, Lubitz S, Makita N, Ohno S, Ortiz-Genga M, Sacilotto L, Schulze-Bahr E, Shimizu W, Sotoodehnia N, Tadros R, Ware JS, Winlaw DS, Kaufman ES. European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA)/Heart Rhythm Society (HRS)/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS)/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS) Expert Consensus Statement on the state of genetic testing for cardiac diseases. Europace 2022; 24:1307-1367. [PMID: 35373836 PMCID: PMC9435643 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur A M Wilde
- Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Universitair Medische
Centra, Amsterdam, location AMC, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher Semsarian
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology at Centenary Institute,
University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Manlio F Márquez
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de
México, Mexico
- Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | | | - Michael J Ackerman
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine,
and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics; Divisions of Heart Rhythm
Services and Pediatric Cardiology; Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic and
Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Euan A Ashley
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University,
Stanford, California, USA
| | - Eduardo Back Sternick
- Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Unit, Biocor Institute,
Minas Gerais, Brazil; and
Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | - Héctor Barajas-Martinez
- Cardiovascular Research, Lankenau Institute of Medical
Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA; and Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | - Elijah R Behr
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, Institute of Molecular and Clinical
Sciences, St. George’s, University of London; St. George’s University Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust, London, UK; Mayo Clinic Healthcare, London
| | - Connie R Bezzina
- Amsterdam UMC Heart Center, Department of Experimental
Cardiology, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Breckpot
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven,
Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe Charron
- Sorbonne Université, APHP, Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques
Héréditaires, ICAN, Inserm UMR1166, Hôpital
Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - Lia Crotti
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin,
Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Cardiomyopathy Unit and Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, San Luca Hospital,
Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan,
Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of
Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Michael H Gollob
- Inherited Arrhythmia and Cardiomyopathy Program, Division of Cardiology,
University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steven Lubitz
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naomasa Makita
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Research
Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Seiko Ohno
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular
Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Martín Ortiz-Genga
- Clinical Department, Health in Code, A
Coruña, Spain; and Member of the Latin
American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | - Luciana Sacilotto
- Arrhythmia Unit, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP,
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao
Paulo, Brazil; and Member of the Latin
American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | - Eric Schulze-Bahr
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, University Hospital
Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon
Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of
Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,
USA
| | - Rafik Tadros
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart
Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal,
Canada
| | - James S Ware
- National Heart and Lung Institute and MRC London Institute of Medical
Sciences, Imperial College London, London,
UK
- Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s
and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David S Winlaw
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Centre, University of
Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Kaufman
- Metrohealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA
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11
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Wilde AAM, Semsarian C, Márquez MF, Sepehri Shamloo A, Ackerman MJ, Ashley EA, Sternick Eduardo B, Barajas‐Martinez H, Behr ER, Bezzina CR, Breckpot J, Charron P, Chockalingam P, Crotti L, Gollob MH, Lubitz S, Makita N, Ohno S, Ortiz‐Genga M, Sacilotto L, Schulze‐Bahr E, Shimizu W, Sotoodehnia N, Tadros R, Ware JS, Winlaw DS, Kaufman ES, Aiba T, Bollmann A, Choi J, Dalal A, Darrieux F, Giudicessi J, Guerchicoff M, Hong K, Krahn AD, Mac Intyre C, Mackall JA, Mont L, Napolitano C, Ochoa Juan P, Peichl P, Pereira AC, Schwartz PJ, Skinner J, Stellbrink C, Tfelt‐Hansen J, Deneke T. European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA)/Heart Rhythm Society (HRS)/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS)/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS) Expert Consensus Statement on the state of genetic testing for cardiac diseases. J Arrhythm 2022; 38:491-553. [PMID: 35936045 PMCID: PMC9347209 DOI: 10.1002/joa3.12717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur A. M. Wilde
- Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Universitair Medische CentraAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Christopher Semsarian
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology at Centenary InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Manlio F. Márquez
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio ChávezCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | | | - Michael J. Ackerman
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics; Divisions of Heart Rhythm Services and Pediatric Cardiology; Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic and Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Euan A. Ashley
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
| | | | | | - Elijah R. Behr
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St. George’sUniversity of London; St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUKMayo Clinic HealthcareLondon
| | - Connie R. Bezzina
- Amsterdam UMC Heart Center, Department of Experimental CardiologyAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Breckpot
- Center for Human GeneticsUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | | | | | - Lia Crotti
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCSMilanItaly
- Cardiomyopathy Unit and Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, San Luca Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCSMilanItaly
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Milano‐BicoccaMilanItaly
| | - Michael H. Gollob
- Inherited Arrhythmia and Cardiomyopathy Program, Division of CardiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Steven Lubitz
- Cardiac Arrhythmia ServiceMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Naomasa Makita
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterResearch InstituteSuitaJapan
| | - Seiko Ohno
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterSuitaJapan
| | | | - Luciana Sacilotto
- Arrhythmia Unit, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao PauloBrazil
| | - Eric Schulze‐Bahr
- Institute for Genetics of Heart DiseasesUniversity Hospital MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineGraduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Rafik Tadros
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart InstituteUniversité de MontréalMontrealCanada
| | - James S. Ware
- National Heart and Lung Institute and MRC London Institute of Medical SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - David S. Winlaw
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CentreUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA
| | | | - Takeshi Aiba
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, SuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Andreas Bollmann
- Department of ElectrophysiologyHeart Center Leipzig at University of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Leipzig Heart InstituteLeipzigGermany
| | - Jong‐Il Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam HospitalKorea University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Aarti Dalal
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of CardiologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Francisco Darrieux
- Arrhythmia Unit, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - John Giudicessi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Divisions of Heart Rhythm Services and Circulatory Failure and the Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic), Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Mariana Guerchicoff
- Division of Pediatric Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Italian Hospital of Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Kui Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Andrew D. Krahn
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | - Ciorsti Mac Intyre
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic, Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Judith A. Mackall
- Center for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterCase Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOHUSA
| | - Lluís Mont
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS). Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), MadridSpain
| | - Carlo Napolitano
- Molecular Cardiology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCSPaviaItaly
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Pablo Ochoa Juan
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), MadridSpain
- Heart Failure and Inherited Cardiac Diseases Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de HierroMadridSpain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cariovasculares (CIBERCV), MadridSpain
| | - Petr Peichl
- Department of CardiologyInstitute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePragueCzech Republic
| | - Alexandre C. Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart InstituteUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
- Hipercol Brasil ProgramSão PauloBrazil
| | - Peter J. Schwartz
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Jon Skinner
- Sydney Childrens Hospital NetworkUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Christoph Stellbrink
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care MedicineUniversity Hospital Campus Klinikum BielefeldBielefeldGermany
| | - Jacob Tfelt‐Hansen
- The Department of Cardiology, the Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshopitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Section of genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Thomas Deneke
- Heart Center Bad NeustadtBad Neustadt a.d. SaaleGermany
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12
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Wilde AAM, Semsarian C, Márquez MF, Sepehri Shamloo A, Ackerman MJ, Ashley EA, Sternick EB, Barajas-Martinez H, Behr ER, Bezzina CR, Breckpot J, Charron P, Chockalingam P, Crotti L, Gollob MH, Lubitz S, Makita N, Ohno S, Ortiz-Genga M, Sacilotto L, Schulze-Bahr E, Shimizu W, Sotoodehnia N, Tadros R, Ware JS, Winlaw DS, Kaufman ES, Aiba T, Bollmann A, Choi JI, Dalal A, Darrieux F, Giudicessi J, Guerchicoff M, Hong K, Krahn AD, MacIntyre C, Mackall JA, Mont L, Napolitano C, Ochoa JP, Peichl P, Pereira AC, Schwartz PJ, Skinner J, Stellbrink C, Tfelt-Hansen J, Deneke T. European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA)/Heart Rhythm Society (HRS)/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS)/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS) Expert Consensus Statement on the State of Genetic Testing for Cardiac Diseases. Heart Rhythm 2022; 19:e1-e60. [PMID: 35390533 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur A M Wilde
- Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, Amsterdam, location AMC, The Netherlands.
| | - Christopher Semsarian
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology at Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Manlio F Márquez
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico; and Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS).
| | | | - Michael J Ackerman
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics; Divisions of Heart Rhythm Services and Pediatric Cardiology; Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic and Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Euan A Ashley
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eduardo Back Sternick
- Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Unit, Biocor Institute, Minas Gerais, Brazil; and Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | | | - Elijah R Behr
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St. George's, University of London; St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Mayo Clinic Healthcare, London
| | - Connie R Bezzina
- Amsterdam UMC Heart Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Breckpot
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe Charron
- Sorbonne Université, APHP, Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques Héréditaires, ICAN, Inserm UMR1166, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - Lia Crotti
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Cardiomyopathy Unit and Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, San Luca Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Michael H Gollob
- Inherited Arrhythmia and Cardiomyopathy Program, Division of Cardiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steven Lubitz
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naomasa Makita
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Seiko Ohno
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Martín Ortiz-Genga
- Clinical Department, Health in Code, A Coruña, Spain; and Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | - Luciana Sacilotto
- Arrhythmia Unit, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and Member of the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
| | - Eric Schulze-Bahr
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rafik Tadros
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - James S Ware
- National Heart and Lung Institute and MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK; Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David S Winlaw
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Centre, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Kaufman
- Metrohealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Takeshi Aiba
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Andreas Bollmann
- Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig Heart Institute, Leipzig Heart Digital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jong-Il Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aarti Dalal
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Francisco Darrieux
- Arrhythmia Unit, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - John Giudicessi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Divisions of Heart Rhythm Services and Circulatory Failure and the Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mariana Guerchicoff
- Division of Pediatric Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kui Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Andrew D Krahn
- Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ciorsti MacIntyre
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Judith A Mackall
- Center for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lluís Mont
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlo Napolitano
- Molecular Cardiology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Juan Pablo Ochoa
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Heart Failure and Inherited Cardiac Diseases Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cariovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Petr Peichl
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; Hipercol Brasil Program, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Peter J Schwartz
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Jon Skinner
- Sydney Childrens Hospital Network, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christoph Stellbrink
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jacob Tfelt-Hansen
- The Department of Cardiology, the Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshopitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Section of Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Deneke
- Heart Center Bad Neustadt, Bad Neustadt a.d. Saale, Germany
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13
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Komurcu-Bayrak E, Kalkan MA, Coban N, Ozsait-Selcuk B, Bayrak F. Identification of the pathogenic effects of missense variants causing PRKAG2 cardiomyopathy. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 727:109340. [PMID: 35787834 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenic missense variants in PRKAG2, the gene for the gamma 2 regulatory subunit of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), cause severe progressive cardiac disease and sudden cardiac death, named PRKAG2 cardiomyopathy. In our previous study, we reported a E506K variant in the PRKAG2 gene that was associated with this disease. This study aimed to functionally characterize the three missense variants (E506K, E506Q, and R531G) of PRKAG2 and determine the possible effects on AMPK activity. METHODS The proband was clinically monitored for eight years. To investigate the functional effects of three missense variants of PRKAG2, in vitro mutagenesis experiments using HEK293 cells with wild and mutant transcripts and proteins were comparatively analyzed using quantitative RT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS In the long-term follow-up, the proband was deceased due to progressive heart failure. In the in vitro experimental studies, PRKAG2 was overexpressed after 48 h of transfection in three mutated cells, after which the expression levels of PRKAG2 were regressed to the level of wild-type cells in 3-weeks stably transformed cells, except for the cells with E506K variant. E506K, E506Q, and R531G variants had caused a reduction in the AMPK activity and resulted in the formation of cytoplasmic glycogen deposits. CONCLUSION Three missense variants that alter AMPK activity affect a residue in the CBS4 domain associated with ATP/AMP-binding. Detailed information on the influence of PRKAG2 pathogenic variants on AMPK activity would be helpful to improve the treatment and management of patients with metabolic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evrim Komurcu-Bayrak
- Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Medical Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Muhammed Abdulvahid Kalkan
- Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul University, Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Neslihan Coban
- Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Bilge Ozsait-Selcuk
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Medical Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Bayrak
- Acibadem Altunizade Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
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14
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Nguyen-Tu MS, Harris J, Martinez-Sanchez A, Chabosseau P, Hu M, Georgiadou E, Pollard A, Otero P, Lopez-Noriega L, Leclerc I, Sakamoto K, Schmoll D, Smith DM, Carling D, Rutter GA. Opposing effects on regulated insulin secretion of acute vs chronic stimulation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Diabetologia 2022; 65:997-1011. [PMID: 35294578 PMCID: PMC9076735 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05673-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Although targeted in extrapancreatic tissues by several drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes, the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the control of insulin secretion is still debatable. Previous studies have used pharmacological activators of limited selectivity and specificity, and none has examined in primary pancreatic beta cells the actions of the latest generation of highly potent and specific activators that act via the allosteric drug and metabolite (ADaM) site. METHODS AMPK was activated acutely in islets isolated from C57BL6/J mice, and in an EndoC-βH3 cell line, using three structurally distinct ADaM site activators (991, PF-06409577 and RA089), with varying selectivity for β1- vs β2-containing complexes. Mouse lines expressing a gain-of-function mutation in the γ1 AMPK subunit (D316a) were generated to examine the effects of chronic AMPK stimulation in the whole body, or selectively in the beta cell. RESULTS Acute (1.5 h) treatment of wild-type mouse islets with 991, PF-06409577 or RA089 robustly stimulated insulin secretion at high glucose concentrations (p<0.01, p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively), despite a lowering of glucose-induced intracellular free Ca2+ dynamics in response to 991 (AUC, p<0.05) and to RA089 at the highest dose (25 μmol/l) at 5.59 min (p<0.05). Although abolished in the absence of AMPK, the effects of 991 were observed in the absence of the upstream kinase, liver kinase B1, further implicating 'amplifying' pathways. In marked contrast, chronic activation of AMPK, either globally or selectively in the beta cell, achieved using a gain-of-function mutant, impaired insulin release in vivo (p<0.05 at 15 min following i.p. injection of 3 mmol/l glucose) and in vitro (p<0.01 following incubation of islets with 17 mmol/l glucose), and lowered glucose tolerance (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION AMPK activation exerts complex, time-dependent effects on insulin secretion. These observations should inform the design and future clinical use of AMPK modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Sophie Nguyen-Tu
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Joseph Harris
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Aida Martinez-Sanchez
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Pauline Chabosseau
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ming Hu
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Eleni Georgiadou
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alice Pollard
- MRC- London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Structure Biophysics and Fragments, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pablo Otero
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Livia Lopez-Noriega
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Leclerc
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Novo Nordisk Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dieter Schmoll
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David M Smith
- Emerging Innovations Unit, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D , Cambridge, UK
| | - David Carling
- MRC- London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
- CR-CHUM, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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15
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, exploring the mechanism of CVDs and critical regulatory factors is of great significance for promoting heart repair, reversing cardiac remodeling, and reducing adverse cardiovascular events. Recently, significant progress has been made in understanding the function of protein kinases and their interactions with other regulatory proteins in myocardial biology. Protein kinases are positioned as critical regulators at the intersection of multiple signals and coordinate nearly every aspect of myocardial responses, regulating contractility, metabolism, transcription, and cellular death. Equally, reconstructing the disrupted protein kinases regulatory network will help reverse pathological progress and stimulate cardiac repair. This review summarizes recent researches concerning the function of protein kinases in CVDs, discusses their promising clinical applications, and explores potential targets for future treatments.
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16
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Boyett MR, Yanni J, Tellez J, Bucchi A, Mesirca P, Cai X, Logantha SJRJ, Wilson C, Anderson C, Ariyaratnam J, Stuart L, Nakao S, Abd Allah E, Jones S, Lancaster M, Stephenson R, Chandler N, Smith M, Bussey C, Monfredi O, Morris G, Billeter R, Mangoni ME, Zhang H, Hart G, D'Souza A. Regulation of sinus node pacemaking and atrioventricular node conduction by HCN channels in health and disease. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2021:S0079-6107(21)00068-7. [PMID: 34197836 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The funny current, If, was first recorded in the heart 40 or more years ago by Dario DiFrancesco and others. Since then, we have learnt that If plays an important role in pacemaking in the sinus node, the innate pacemaker of the heart, and more recently evidence has accumulated to show that If may play an important role in action potential conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node. Evidence has also accumulated to show that regulation of the transcription and translation of the underlying Hcn genes plays an important role in the regulation of sinus node pacemaking and AV node conduction under normal physiological conditions - in athletes, during the circadian rhythm, in pregnancy, and during postnatal development - as well as pathological states - ageing, heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, diabetes and atrial fibrillation. There may be yet more pathological conditions involving changes in the expression of the Hcn genes. Here, we review the role of If and the underlying HCN channels in physiological and pathological changes of the sinus and AV nodes and we begin to explore the signalling pathways (microRNAs, transcription factors, GIRK4, the autonomic nervous system and inflammation) involved in this regulation. This review is dedicated to Dario DiFrancesco on his retirement.
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Albernaz Siqueira MH, Honorato-Sampaio K, Monteiro Dias G, Wilson JR, Yavari A, Brasileiro Filho G, Back Sternick E. Sudden death associated with a novel H401Q PRKAG2 mutation. Europace 2021; 22:1278. [PMID: 32215636 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Helena Albernaz Siqueira
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas-MG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Rede Mater Dei de Saúde, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kinulpe Honorato-Sampaio
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Vale do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Glauber Monteiro Dias
- Centro de Tecnologia Celular, Instituto de Cardiologia, Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Arash Yavari
- Experimental Therapeutics and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Geraldo Brasileiro Filho
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Back Sternick
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas-MG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Arrhythmia Unit, Biocor Institute, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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18
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Liu D, Song AT, Qi X, van Vliet PP, Xiao J, Xiong F, Andelfinger G, Nattel S. Cohesin-protein Shugoshin-1 controls cardiac automaticity via HCN4 pacemaker channel. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2551. [PMID: 33953173 PMCID: PMC8100125 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22737-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous cardiac pacemaker function regulates the rate and rhythm of cardiac contraction. The mutation p.Lys23Glu in the cohesin protein Shugoshin-1 causes severe heart arrhythmias due to sinoatrial node dysfunction and a debilitating gastrointestinal motility disorder, collectively termed the Chronic Atrial and Intestinal Dysrhythmia Syndrome, linking Shugoshin-1 and pacemaker activity. Hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 4 (HCN4) is the predominant pacemaker ion-channel in the adult heart and carries the majority of the "funny" current, which strongly contributes to diastolic depolarization in pacemaker cells. Here, we study the mechanism by which Shugoshin-1 affects cardiac pacing activity with two cell models: neonatal rat ventricular myocytes and Chronic Atrial and Intestinal Dysrhythmia Syndrome patient-specific human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes. We find that Shugoshin-1 interacts directly with HCN4 to promote and stabilize cardiac pacing. This interaction enhances funny-current by optimizing HCN4 cell-surface expression and function. The clinical p.Lys23Glu mutation leads to an impairment in the interaction between Shugoshin-1 and HCN4, along with depressed funny-current and dysrhythmic activity in induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes derived from Chronic Atrial and Intestinal Dysrhythmia Syndrome patients. Our work reveals a critical non-canonical, cohesin-independent role for Shugoshin-1 in maintaining cardiac automaticity and identifies potential therapeutic avenues for cardiac pacemaking disorders, in particular Chronic Atrial and Intestinal Dysrhythmia Syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghai Liu
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrew Taehun Song
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Xiaoyan Qi
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Patrick Piet van Vliet
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- LIA (International Associated Laboratory) INSERM, Marseille, France
- LIA (International Associated Laboratory) Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jiening Xiao
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Feng Xiong
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
- IHU LIRYC Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.
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19
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García-Casas P, Alvarez-Illera P, Fonteriz RI, Montero M, Alvarez J. Mechanism of the lifespan extension induced by submaximal SERCA inhibition in C. elegans. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 196:111474. [PMID: 33766744 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have reported recently that submaximal inhibition of the Sarco Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) produces an increase in the lifespan of C. elegans worms. We have explored here the mechanism of this increased survival by studying the effect of SERCA inhibition in several mutants of signaling pathways related to longevity. Our data show that the mechanism of the effect is unrelated with the insulin signaling pathway or the sirtuin activity, because SERCA inhibitors increased lifespan similarly in mutants of these pathways. However, the effect required functional mitochondria and both the AMP kinase and TOR pathways, as the SERCA inhibitors were ineffective in the corresponding mutants. The same effects were obtained after reducing SERCA expression with submaximal RNAi treatment. The SERCA inhibitors did not induce ER-stress at the concentrations used, and their effect was not modified by inactivation of the OP50 bacterial food. Altogether, our data suggest that the effect may be due to a reduced ER-mitochondria Ca2+ transfer acting via AMPK activation and mTOR inhibition to promote survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma García-Casas
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pilar Alvarez-Illera
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rosalba I Fonteriz
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mayte Montero
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Javier Alvarez
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain.
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20
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Wang Y, Anderson C, Dobrzynski H, Hart G, D'Souza A, Boyett MR. RNAseq shows an all-pervasive day-night rhythm in the transcriptome of the pacemaker of the heart. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3565. [PMID: 33574422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82202-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological systems vary in a day-night manner anticipating increased demand at a particular time. Heart is no exception. Cardiac output is primarily determined by heart rate and unsurprisingly this varies in a day-night manner and is higher during the day in the human (anticipating increased day-time demand). Although this is attributed to a day-night rhythm in post-translational ion channel regulation in the heart's pacemaker, the sinus node, by the autonomic nervous system, we investigated whether there is a day-night rhythm in transcription. RNAseq revealed that ~ 44% of the sinus node transcriptome (7134 of 16,387 transcripts) has a significant day-night rhythm. The data revealed the oscillating components of an intrinsic circadian clock. Presumably this clock (or perhaps the master circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus) is responsible for the rhythm observed in the transcriptional machinery, which in turn is responsible for the rhythm observed in the transcriptome. For example, there is a rhythm in transcripts responsible for the two principal pacemaker mechanisms (membrane and Ca2+ clocks), transcripts responsible for receptors and signalling pathways known to control pacemaking, transcripts from genes identified by GWAS as determinants of resting heart rate, and transcripts from genes responsible for familial and acquired sick sinus syndrome.
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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22
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Ovens AJ, Scott JW, Langendorf CG, Kemp BE, Oakhill JS, Smiles WJ. Post-Translational Modifications of the Energy Guardian AMP-Activated Protein Kinase. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031229. [PMID: 33513781 PMCID: PMC7866021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise elicits physiological metabolic perturbations such as energetic and oxidative stress; however, a diverse range of cellular processes are stimulated in response to combat these challenges and maintain cellular energy homeostasis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a highly conserved enzyme that acts as a metabolic fuel sensor and is central to this adaptive response to exercise. The complexity of AMPK’s role in modulating a range of cellular signalling cascades is well documented, yet aside from its well-characterised regulation by activation loop phosphorylation, AMPK is further subject to a multitude of additional regulatory stimuli. Therefore, in this review we comprehensively outline current knowledge around the post-translational modifications of AMPK, including novel phosphorylation sites, as well as underappreciated roles for ubiquitination, sumoylation, acetylation, methylation and oxidation. We provide insight into the physiological ramifications of these AMPK modifications, which not only affect its activity, but also subcellular localisation, nutrient interactions and protein stability. Lastly, we highlight the current knowledge gaps in this area of AMPK research and provide perspectives on how the field can apply greater rigour to the characterisation of novel AMPK regulatory modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J. Ovens
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (A.J.O.); (J.S.O.)
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3000, Australia; (J.W.S.); (B.E.K.)
| | - John W. Scott
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3000, Australia; (J.W.S.); (B.E.K.)
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia;
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Christopher G. Langendorf
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia;
| | - Bruce E. Kemp
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3000, Australia; (J.W.S.); (B.E.K.)
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia;
| | - Jonathan S. Oakhill
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (A.J.O.); (J.S.O.)
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3000, Australia; (J.W.S.); (B.E.K.)
| | - William J. Smiles
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (A.J.O.); (J.S.O.)
- Correspondence:
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23
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Abstract
It has long been known that heart rate is regulated by the autonomic nervous system. Recently, we demonstrated that the pacemaker current, If, is regulated by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling independently of the autonomic nervous system. Inhibition of PI3K in sinus node (SN) myocytes shifts the activation of If by almost 16 mV in the negative direction. If in the SN is predominantly mediated by two members of the HCN gene family, HCN4 and HCN1. Purkinje fibers also possess If and are an important secondary pacemaker in the heart. In contrast to the SN, they express HCN2 and HCN4, while ventricular myocytes, which do not normally pace, express HCN2 alone. In the current work, we investigated PI3K regulation of HCN2 expressed in HEK293 cells. Treatment with the PI3K inhibitor PI-103 caused a negative shift in the activation voltage and a dramatic reduction in the magnitude of the HCN2 current. Similar changes were also seen in cells treated with an inhibitor of the protein kinase Akt, a downstream effector of PI3K. The effects of PI-103 were reversed by perfusion of cells with phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (the second messenger produced by PI3K) or active Akt protein. We identified serine 861 in mouse HCN2 as a putative Akt phosphorylation site. Mutation of S861 to alanine mimicked the effects of Akt inhibition on voltage dependence and current magnitude. In addition, the Akt inhibitor had no effect on the mutant channel. These results suggest that Akt phosphorylation of mHCN2 S861 accounts for virtually all of the observed actions of PI3K signaling on the HCN2 current. Unexpectedly, Akt inhibition had no effect on If in SN myocytes. This result raises the possibility that diverse PI3K signaling pathways differentially regulate HCN-induced currents in different tissues, depending on the isoforms expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongju Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Hong Zhan Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Chris R Gordon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States.,Department of Nephrology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Lisa M Ballou
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Richard Z Lin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States.,Medical Service, Northport VA Medical Center, Northport, NY, United States
| | - Ira S Cohen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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24
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Galow AM, Wolfien M, Müller P, Bartsch M, Brunner RM, Hoeflich A, Wolkenhauer O, David R, Goldammer T. Integrative Cluster Analysis of Whole Hearts Reveals Proliferative Cardiomyocytes in Adult Mice. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051144. [PMID: 32384695 PMCID: PMC7291011 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent development and broad application of sequencing techniques at the single-cell level is generating an unprecedented amount of data. The different techniques have their individual limits, but the datasets also offer unexpected possibilities when utilized collectively. Here, we applied snRNA-seq in whole adult murine hearts from an inbred (C57BL/6NRj) and an outbred (Fzt:DU) mouse strain to directly compare the data with the publicly available scRNA-seq data of the tabula muris project. Explicitly choosing a single-nucleus approach allowed us to pin down the typical heart tissue-specific technical bias, coming up with novel insights on the mammalian heart cell composition. For our integrated dataset, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells constituted the three main cell populations accounting for about 75% of all cells. However, their numbers severely differed between the individual datasets, with cardiomyocyte proportions ranging from about 9% in the tabula muris data to around 23% for our BL6 data, representing the prime example for cell capture technique related bias when using a conventional single-cell approach for these large cells. Most strikingly in our comparison was the discovery of a minor population of cardiomyocytes characterized by proliferation markers that could not be identified by analyzing the datasets individually. It is now widely accepted that the heart has an, albeit very restricted, regenerative potential. However there is still an ongoing debate where new cardiomyocytes arise from. Our findings support the idea that the renewal of the cardiomyocyte pool is driven by cytokinesis of resident cardiomyocytes rather than differentiation of progenitor cells. We thus provide data that can contribute to an understanding of heart cell regeneration, which is a prerequisite for future applications to enhance the process of heart repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Galow
- Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (A.-M.G.); (R.M.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Markus Wolfien
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Paula Müller
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.)
- Department of Life, Light, and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Madeleine Bartsch
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.)
- Department of Life, Light, and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ronald M. Brunner
- Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (A.-M.G.); (R.M.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Andreas Hoeflich
- Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (A.-M.G.); (R.M.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Olaf Wolkenhauer
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany;
- Stellenbosch Institute of Advanced Study, Wallenberg Research Centre, Stellenbosch University, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Correspondence: (O.W.); (R.D.); (T.G.)
| | - Robert David
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.)
- Department of Life, Light, and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Correspondence: (O.W.); (R.D.); (T.G.)
| | - Tom Goldammer
- Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (A.-M.G.); (R.M.B.); (A.H.)
- Molecular Biology and Fish Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Correspondence: (O.W.); (R.D.); (T.G.)
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25
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Hu D, Hu D, Liu L, Barr D, Liu Y, Balderrabano-Saucedo N, Wang B, Zhu F, Xue Y, Wu S, Song B, McManus H, Murphy K, Loes K, Adler A, Monserrat L, Antzelevitch C, Gollob MH, Elliott PM, Barajas-Martinez H. Identification, clinical manifestation and structural mechanisms of mutations in AMPK associated cardiac glycogen storage disease. EBioMedicine 2020; 54:102723. [PMID: 32259713 PMCID: PMC7132172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although 21 causative mutations have been associated with PRKAG2 syndrome, our understanding of the syndrome remains incomplete. The aim of this project is to further investigate its unique genetic background, clinical manifestations, and underlying structural changes. Methods We recruited 885 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) probands and their families internationally. Targeted next-generation sequencing of sudden cardiac death (SCD) genes was performed. The role of the identified variants was assessed using histological techniques and computational modeling. Findings Twelve PRKAG2 syndrome kindreds harboring 5 distinct variants were identified. The clinical penetrance of 25 carriers was 100.0%. Twenty-two family members died of SCD or heart failure (HF). All probands developed bradycardia (HRmin, 36.3 ± 9.8 bpm) and cardiac conduction defects, and 33% had evidence of atrial fibrillation/paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) and 67% had ventricular preexcitation, respectively. Some carriers presented with apical hypertrophy, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and renal insufficiency. Histological study revealed reduced AMPK activity and major cardiac channels in the heart tissue with K485E mutation. Computational modelling suggests that K485E disrupts the salt bridge connecting the β and γ subunits of AMPK, R302Q/P decreases the binding affinity for ATP, T400N and H401D alter the orientation of H383 and R531 residues, thus altering nucleotide binding, and N488I and L341S lead to structural instability in the Bateman domain, which disrupts the intramolecular regulation. Interpretation Including 4 families with 3 new mutations, we describe a cohort of 12 kindreds with PRKAG2 syndrome with novel pathogenic mechanisms by computational modelling. Severe clinical cardiac phenotypes may be developed, including HF, requiring close follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Hu
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Dong Hu
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liwen Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Daniel Barr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mary, 7500 University Drive, Bismarck, ND, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | | | - Bo Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Yumei Xue
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shulin Wu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - BaoLiang Song
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heather McManus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utica College, Utica, NY, USA
| | - Katherine Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mary, 7500 University Drive, Bismarck, ND, USA
| | - Katherine Loes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mary, 7500 University Drive, Bismarck, ND, USA
| | - Arnon Adler
- Department of Physiology and the Peter Munk Cardiovascular Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Charles Antzelevitch
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA; Lankenau Heart Institute, Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, USA
| | - Michael H Gollob
- Department of Physiology and the Peter Munk Cardiovascular Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Perry M Elliott
- University College London and St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hector Barajas-Martinez
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA; Lankenau Heart Institute, Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, USA
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26
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Abstract
Since the discovery of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as a central regulator of energy homeostasis, many exciting insights into its structure, regulation and physiological roles have been revealed. While exercise, caloric restriction, metformin and many natural products increase AMPK activity and exert a multitude of health benefits, developing direct activators of AMPK to elicit beneficial effects has been challenging. However, in recent years, direct AMPK activators have been identified and tested in preclinical models, and a small number have entered clinical trials. Despite these advances, which disease(s) represent the best indications for therapeutic AMPK activation and the long-term safety of such approaches remain to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory R Steinberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - David Carling
- Cellular Stress Group, Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK
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Aksentijević D, Zervou S, Eykyn TR, McAndrew DJ, Wallis J, Schneider JE, Neubauer S, Lygate CA. Age-Dependent Decline in Cardiac Function in Guanidinoacetate- N-Methyltransferase Knockout Mice. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1535. [PMID: 32038270 PMCID: PMC6985570 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase (GAMT) is the second essential enzyme in creatine (Cr) biosynthesis. Short-term Cr deficiency is metabolically well tolerated as GAMT–/– mice exhibit normal exercise capacity and response to ischemic heart failure. However, we hypothesized long-term consequences of Cr deficiency and/or accumulation of the Cr precursor guanidinoacetate (GA). Methods Cardiac function and metabolic profile were studied in GAMT–/– mice >1 year. Results In vivo LV catheterization revealed lower heart rate and developed pressure in aging GAMT–/– but normal lung weight and survival versus age-matched controls. Electron microscopy indicated reduced mitochondrial volume density in GAMT–/– hearts (P < 0.001), corroborated by lower mtDNA copy number (P < 0.004), and citrate synthase activity (P < 0.05), however, without impaired mitochondrial respiration. Furthermore, myocardial energy stores and key ATP homeostatic enzymes were barely altered, while pathology was unrelated to oxidative stress since superoxide production and protein carbonylation were unaffected. Gene expression of PGC-1α was 2.5-fold higher in GAMT–/– hearts while downstream genes were not activated, implicating a dysfunction in mitochondrial biogenesis signaling. This was normalized by 10 days of dietary Cr supplementation, as were all in vivo functional parameters, however, it was not possible to differentiate whether relief from Cr deficiency or GA toxicity was causative. Conclusion Long-term Cr deficiency in GAMT–/– mice reduces mitochondrial volume without affecting respiratory function, most likely due to impaired biogenesis. This is associated with hemodynamic changes without evidence of heart failure, which may represent an acceptable functional compromise in return for reduced energy demand in aging mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Aksentijević
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sevasti Zervou
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas R Eykyn
- Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Debra J McAndrew
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Wallis
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jurgen E Schneider
- Experimental and Preclinical Imaging Centre, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Craig A Lygate
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Metabolic pathways integrate to support tissue homeostasis and to prompt changes in cell phenotype. In particular, the heart consumes relatively large amounts of substrate not only to regenerate ATP for contraction but also to sustain biosynthetic reactions for replacement of cellular building blocks. Metabolic pathways also control intracellular redox state, and metabolic intermediates and end products provide signals that prompt changes in enzymatic activity and gene expression. Mounting evidence suggests that the changes in cardiac metabolism that occur during development, exercise, and pregnancy as well as with pathological stress (eg, myocardial infarction, pressure overload) are causative in cardiac remodeling. Metabolism-mediated changes in gene expression, metabolite signaling, and the channeling of glucose-derived carbon toward anabolic pathways seem critical for physiological growth of the heart, and metabolic inefficiency and loss of coordinated anabolic activity are emerging as proximal causes of pathological remodeling. This review integrates knowledge of different forms of cardiac remodeling to develop general models of how relationships between catabolic and anabolic glucose metabolism may fortify cardiac health or promote (mal)adaptive myocardial remodeling. Adoption of conceptual frameworks based in relational biology may enable further understanding of how metabolism regulates cardiac structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Gibb
- From the Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (A.A.G.)
| | - Bradford G Hill
- the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY (B.G.H.).
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Abstract
Heart rate control by the funny current (If) involves both fast, cAMP-dependent, and slow, membrane expression–based mechanisms to adapt to different needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario DiFrancesco
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano and Istituto di Biofisica-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
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30
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Xie X, Zhao J, Xie L, Wang H, Xiao Y, She Y, Ma L. Identification of differentially expressed proteins in the injured lung from zinc chloride smoke inhalation based on proteomics analysis. Respir Res 2019; 20:36. [PMID: 30770755 PMCID: PMC6377712 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-0995-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung injury due to zinc chloride smoke inhalation is very common in military personnel and leads to a high incidence of pulmonary complications and mortality. The aim of this study was to uncover the underlying mechanisms of lung injury due to zinc chloride smoke inhalation using a rat model. Methods: Histopathology analysis of rat lungs after zinc chloride smoke inhalation was performed by using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Mallory staining. A lung injury rat model of zinc chloride smoke inhalation (smoke inhalation for 1, 2, 7 and 14 days) was developed. First, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantization (iTRAQ) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were used to identify important differentially expressed proteins. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were used to study the biological functions of differentially expressed proteins. Then, analysis of lung injury repair-related differentially expressed proteins in the early (day 1 and day 2) and middle-late stages (day 7 and day 14) of lung injury after smoke inhalation was performed, followed by the protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of these differentially expressed proteins. Finally, the injury repair-related proteins PARK7 and FABP5 were validated by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Results Morphological changes were observed in the lung tissues after zinc chloride smoke inhalation. A total of 27 common differentially expressed proteins were obtained on days 1, 2, 7 and 14 after smoke inhalation. WGCNA showed that the turquoise module (which involved 909 proteins) was most associated with smoke inhalation time. Myl3, Ckm, Adrm1 and Igfbp7 were identified in the early stages of lung injury repair. Gapdh, Acly, Tnni2, Acta1, Actn3, Pygm, Eno3 and Tpi1 (hub proteins in the PPI network) were identified in the middle-late stages of lung injury repair. Eno3 and Tpi1 were both involved in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis signalling pathway. The expression of PARK7 and FABP5 was validated and was consistent with the proteomics analysis. Conclusion The identified hub proteins and their related signalling pathways may play crucial roles in lung injury repair due to zinc chloride smoke inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Xie
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jingan Zhao
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Lixin Xie
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Respiratory, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Department of Respiratory, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjia She
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Ma
- Department of Respiratory, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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31
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Abstract
During the last decade, ncRNAs have been investigated intensively and revealed their regulatory role in various biological processes. Worldwide research efforts have identified numerous ncRNAs and multiple RNA subtypes, which are attributed to diverse functionalities known to interact with different functional layers, from DNA and RNA to proteins. This makes the prediction of functions for newly identified ncRNAs challenging. Current bioinformatics and systems biology approaches show promising results to facilitate an identification of these diverse ncRNA functionalities. Here, we review (a) current experimental protocols, i.e., for Next Generation Sequencing, for a successful identification of ncRNAs; (b) sequencing data analysis workflows as well as available computational environments; and (c) state-of-the-art approaches to functionally characterize ncRNAs, e.g., by means of transcriptome-wide association studies, molecular network analyses, or artificial intelligence guided prediction. In addition, we present a strategy to cover the identification and functional characterization of unknown transcripts by using connective workflows.
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32
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Vinogradova TM, Tagirova Sirenko S, Lakatta EG. Unique Ca 2+-Cycling Protein Abundance and Regulation Sustains Local Ca 2+ Releases and Spontaneous Firing of Rabbit Sinoatrial Node Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082173. [PMID: 30044420 PMCID: PMC6121616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous beating of the heart pacemaker, the sinoatrial node, is generated by sinoatrial node cells (SANC) and caused by gradual change of the membrane potential called diastolic depolarization (DD). Submembrane local Ca2+ releases (LCR) from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) occur during late DD and activate an inward Na+/Ca2+ exchange current, which accelerates the DD rate leading to earlier occurrence of an action potential. A comparison of intrinsic SR Ca2+ cycling revealed that, at similar physiological Ca2+ concentrations, LCRs are large and rhythmic in permeabilized SANC, but small and random in permeabilized ventricular myocytes (VM). Permeabilized SANC spontaneously released more Ca2+ from SR than VM, despite comparable SR Ca2+ content in both cell types. In this review we discuss specific patterns of expression and distribution of SR Ca2+ cycling proteins (SR Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2), phospholamban (PLB) and ryanodine receptors (RyR)) in SANC and ventricular myocytes. We link ability of SANC to generate larger and rhythmic LCRs with increased abundance of SERCA2, reduced abundance of the SERCA inhibitor PLB. In addition, an increase in intracellular [Ca2+] increases phosphorylation of both PLB and RyR exclusively in SANC. The differences in SR Ca2+ cycling protein expression between SANC and VM provide insights into diverse regulation of intrinsic SR Ca2+ cycling that drives automaticity of SANC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana M Vinogradova
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Blvd, Room 8B-123, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Syevda Tagirova Sirenko
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Blvd, Room 8B-123, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Edward G Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Blvd, Room 8B-123, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Inata Y, Piraino G, Hake PW, O'Connor M, Lahni P, Wolfe V, Schulte C, Moore V, James JM, Zingarelli B. Age-dependent cardiac function during experimental sepsis: effect of pharmacological activation of AMP-activated protein kinase by AICAR. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 315:H826-H837. [PMID: 29979626 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00052.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Age represents a major risk factor for multiple organ failure, including cardiac dysfunction, in patients with sepsis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a crucial regulator of energy homeostasis that controls mitochondrial biogenesis by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α and disposal of defective organelles by autophagy. We investigated whether AMPK dysregulation contributes to age-dependent cardiac injury in young (2-3 mo) and mature adult (11-13 mo) male mice subjected to sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture and whether AMPK activation by 5-amino-4-imidazole carboxamide riboside affords cardioprotective effects. Plasma proinflammatory cytokines and myokine follistatin were similarly elevated in vehicle-treated young and mature adult mice at 18 h after sepsis. However, despite equivalent troponin I and T levels compared with similarly treated young mice, vehicle-treated mature adult mice exhibited more severe cardiac damage by light and electron microscopy analyses with more marked intercellular edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and mitochondrial derangement. Echocardiography revealed that vehicle-treated young mice exhibited left ventricular dysfunction after sepsis, whereas mature adult mice exhibited a reduction in stroke volume without apparent changes in load-dependent indexes of cardiac function. At molecular analysis, phosphorylation of the catalytic subunits AMPK-α1/α2 was associated with nuclear translocation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α in vehicle-treated young but not mature adult mice. Treatment with 5-amino-4-imidazole carboxamide riboside ameliorated cardiac architecture derangement in mice of both ages. These cardioprotective effects were associated with attenuation of the systemic inflammatory response and amelioration of cardiac dysfunction in young mice only, not in mature adult animals. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our data suggest that sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction manifests with age-dependent characteristics, which are associated with a distinct regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent metabolic pathways. Consistent with this age-related deterioration, pharmacological activation of AMP-activated protein kinase may afford cardioprotective effects allowing a partial recovery of cardiac function in young but not mature age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Inata
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Giovanna Piraino
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Paul W Hake
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Michael O'Connor
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Patrick Lahni
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Vivian Wolfe
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Christine Schulte
- Cardiovascular Imaging Core of the Heart Institute Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Victoria Moore
- Cardiovascular Imaging Core of the Heart Institute Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jeanne M James
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Basilia Zingarelli
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
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Hausburg F, Jung JJ, Hoch M, Wolfien M, Yavari A, Rimmbach C, David R. (Re-)programming of subtype specific cardiomyocytes. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 120:142-67. [PMID: 28916499 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Adult cardiomyocytes (CMs) possess a highly restricted intrinsic regenerative potential - a major barrier to the effective treatment of a range of chronic degenerative cardiac disorders characterized by cellular loss and/or irreversible dysfunction and which underlies the majority of deaths in developed countries. Both stem cell programming and direct cell reprogramming hold promise as novel, potentially curative approaches to address this therapeutic challenge. The advent of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has introduced a second pluripotent stem cell source besides embryonic stem cells (ESCs), enabling even autologous cardiomyocyte production. In addition, the recent achievement of directly reprogramming somatic cells into cardiomyocytes is likely to become of great importance. In either case, different clinical scenarios will require the generation of highly pure, specific cardiac cellular-subtypes. In this review, we discuss these themes as related to the cardiovascular stem cell and programming field, including a focus on the emergent topic of pacemaker cell generation for the development of biological pacemakers and in vitro drug testing.
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