1
|
Chaudhry FN, Michki NS, Shirmer DL, McGrath-Morrow S, Young LR, Frank DB, Zepp JA. Dynamic Hippo pathway activity underlies mesenchymal differentiation during lung alveolar morphogenesis. Development 2024; 151:dev202430. [PMID: 38602485 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Alveologenesis, the final stage in lung development, substantially remodels the distal lung, expanding the alveolar surface area for efficient gas exchange. Secondary crest myofibroblasts (SCMF) exist transiently in the neonatal distal lung and are crucial for alveologenesis. However, the pathways that regulate SCMF function, proliferation and temporal identity remain poorly understood. To address this, we purified SCMFs from reporter mice, performed bulk RNA-seq and found dynamic changes in Hippo-signaling components during alveologenesis. We deleted the Hippo effectors Yap/Taz from Acta2-expressing cells at the onset of alveologenesis, causing a significant arrest in alveolar development. Using single cell RNA-seq, we identified a distinct cluster of cells in mutant lungs with altered expression of marker genes associated with proximal mesenchymal cell types, airway smooth muscle and alveolar duct myofibroblasts. In vitro studies confirmed that Yap/Taz regulates myofibroblast-associated gene signature and contractility. Together, our findings show that Yap/Taz is essential for maintaining functional myofibroblast identity during postnatal alveologenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima N Chaudhry
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nigel S Michki
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dain L Shirmer
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sharon McGrath-Morrow
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lisa R Young
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David B Frank
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jarod A Zepp
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Díaz de Cerio M, Oliván S, Ochoa I, García-Sanmartín J, Martínez A. Cold-shock proteins accumulate in centrosomes and their expression and primary cilium morphology are regulated by hypothermia and shear stress. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:447-462. [PMID: 37694837 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Primary cilia act as cellular sensors for multiple extracellular stimuli and regulate many intracellular signaling pathways in response. Here we investigate whether the cold-shock proteins (CSPs), CIRP and RBM3, are present in the primary cilia and the physiological consequences of such a relationship. R28, an immortalized retinal precursor cell line, was stained with antibodies against CIRP, RBM3, and ciliary markers. Both CSPs were found in intimate contact with the basal body of the cilium during all stages of the cell cycle, including migrating with the centrosome during mitosis. In addition, the morphological and physiological manifestations of exposing the cells to hypothermia and shear stress were investigated. Exposure to moderately cold (32°C) temperatures, the hypothermia mimetic small molecule zr17-2, or to shear stress resulted in a significant reduction in the number and length of primary cilia. In addition, shear stress induced expression of CIRP and RBM3 in a complex pattern depending on the specific protein, flow intensity, and type of flow (laminar versus oscillatory). Flow-mediated CSP overexpression was detected by qRT-PCR and confirmed by Western blot, at least for CIRP. Furthermore, analysis of public RNA Seq databases on flow experiments confirmed an increase of CIRP and RBM3 expression following exposure to shear stress in renal cell lines. In conclusion, we found that CSPs are integral components of the centrosome and that they participate in cold and shear stress sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Díaz de Cerio
- Angiogenesis Unit, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Sara Oliván
- Tissue Microenvironment Lab (TMELab), University of Zaragoza, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Institute for Health Research Aragon (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ochoa
- Tissue Microenvironment Lab (TMELab), University of Zaragoza, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Institute for Health Research Aragon (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Institute for Health Research Aragon (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Josune García-Sanmartín
- Angiogenesis Unit, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Alfredo Martínez
- Angiogenesis Unit, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao Z, Geng Y, Ni Q, Chen Y, Cao Y, Lu Y, Wang H, Wang R, Sun W. IFT80 promotes early bone healing of tooth sockets through the activation of TAZ/RUNX2 pathway. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38287672 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Intraflagellar transport (IFT) proteins have been reported to regulate cell growth and differentiation as the essential functional component of primary cilia. The effects of IFT80 on early bone healing of extraction sockets have not been well studied. To investigate whether deletion of Ift80 in alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (aBMSCs) affected socket bone healing, we generated a mouse model of specific knockout of Ift80 in Prx1 mesenchymal lineage cells (Prx1Cre ;IFT80f/f ). Our results demonstrated that deletion of IFT80 in Prx1 lineage cells decreased the trabecular bone volume, ALP-positive osteoblastic activity, TRAP-positive osteoclastic activity, and OSX-/COL I-/OCN-positive areas in tooth extraction sockets of Prx1Cre ; IFT80f/f mice compared with IFT80f/f littermates. Furthermore, aBMSCs from Prx1Cre ; IFT80f/f mice showed significantly decreased osteogenic markers and downregulated migration and proliferation capacity. Importantly, the overexpression of TAZ recovered significantly the expressions of osteogenic markers and migration capacity of aBMSCs. Lastly, the local administration of lentivirus for TAZ enhanced the expression of RUNX2 and OSX and promoted early bone healing of extraction sockets from Prx1Cre ; IFT80f/f mice. Thus, IFT80 promotes osteogenesis and early bone healing of tooth sockets through the activation of TAZ/RUNX2 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhao
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Dental Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Geng
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiaoqi Ni
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanan Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Dental Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yahui Lu
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruixia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Dental Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Sun
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu R, Liu X, Zhang Y, Wang K, Chen Z, Zheng J, Zhang T, Tong P, Qian Y, Yang W. Activating transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif by (R)-PFI-2 attenuates osteoclastogenesis and prevents ovariectomized-induced osteoporosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 219:115964. [PMID: 38049011 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Excessive osteoclast activation is a leading cause of osteoporosis. Therefore, identifying molecular targets and relevant pharmaceuticals that inhibit osteoclastogenesis is of substantial clinical importance. Prior research has indicated that transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) impedes the process of osteoclastogenesis by engaging the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway, thereby suggesting TAZ activation as a potential therapeutic approach to treat osteoporosis. (R)-PFI-2 is a novel selective inhibitor of SETD7 methyltransferase activity, which prevents the nuclear translocation of YAP, a homolog of TAZ. Therefore, we hypothesized that (R)-PFI-2 could be an effective therapeutic agent in the treatment of osteoporosis. To test this hypothesis and explore the underlying mechanism, we first examined the impact of (R)-PFI-2 on osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) in vitro. (R)-PFI-2 treatment inhibited TAZ phosphorylation induced by NF-κB, thereby enhancing its nuclear localization, protein expression, and activation in BMMs. Moreover, (R)-PFI-2-induced TAZ activation inhibited osteoclast formation in a dose-dependent manner, which involved inhibition of osteoclastogenesis through the TAZ and downstream NF-κB pathways. Furthermore, (R)-PFI-2 inhibited osteoclastogenesis and prevented ovariectomy-induced bone loss in vivo in a mouse model. Overall, our findings suggest that TAZ activation by (R)-PFI-2 inhibits osteoclastogenesis and prevents osteoporosis, indicating an effective strategy for treating osteoclast-induced osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongjian Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
| | - Xuewen Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
| | - Kelei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
| | - Zhuolin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
| | - Jiewen Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
| | - Tan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
| | - Peijian Tong
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
| | - Yu Qian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China; Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
| | - Wanlei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wolf MTF, Bonsib SM, Larsen CP, Hildebrandt F. Nephronophthisis: a pathological and genetic perspective. Pediatr Nephrol 2023:10.1007/s00467-023-06174-8. [PMID: 37930417 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-06174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is an autosomal recessive cystic kidney disease and is one of the most frequent genetic causes for kidney failure (KF) in children and adolescents. Over 20 genes cause NPHP and over 90 genes contribute to renal ciliopathies often involving multiple organs. About 15-20% of NPHP patients have additional extrarenal symptoms affecting other organs than the kidneys. The involvement of additional organ systems in syndromic forms of NPHP is explained by shared expression of most NPHP gene products in centrosomes and primary cilia, a sensory organelle present in most mammalian cells. This finding resulted in the classification of NPHP as a ciliopathy. If extrarenal symptoms are present in addition to NPHP, these disorders are defined as NPHP-related ciliopathies (NPHP-RC) and can involve the retina (e.g., with Senior-Løken syndrome), CNS (central nervous system) (e.g., with Joubert syndrome), liver (e.g., Boichis and Arima syndromes), or bone (e.g., Mainzer-Saldino and Sensenbrenner syndromes). This review focuses on the pathological findings and the recent genetic advances in NPHP and NPHP-RC. Different mechanisms and signaling pathways are involved in NPHP ranging from planar cell polarity, sonic hedgehog signaling (Shh), DNA damage response pathway, Hippo, mTOR, and cAMP signaling. A number of therapeutic interventions appear to be promising, ranging from vasopressin receptor 2 antagonists such as tolvaptan, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors such as roscovitine, Hh agonists such as purmorphamine, and mTOR inhibitors such as rapamycin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias T F Wolf
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang W, Chen H, Ma L, Dong J, Wei M, Xue X, Li Y, Jin Z, Xu W, Ji Z. SHOX2 promotes prostate cancer proliferation and metastasis through disruption of the Hippo-YAP pathway. iScience 2023; 26:107617. [PMID: 37664594 PMCID: PMC10470409 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor SHOX2 gene is critical in regulating gene expression and the development of tumors, but its biological role in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. In this study, we found that SHOX2 expression was significantly raised in PCa tissues and was associated with clinicopathological features as well as disease-free survival (DFS) of PCa patients. Phenotypic tests showed that the absence of SHOX2 inhibited PCa growth and invasion, while SHOX2 overexpression promoted these effects. Mechanistically, SHOX2 was found to activate the transcription of nephronophthisis type 4 (NPHP4), a gene located downstream of SHOX2. Further analysis revealed that SHOX2 could potentially interfere with the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway through NPHP4 activation, facilitating the oncogenic behavior of PCa cells. These findings highlight SHOX2 as an oncogene in PCa and provide a basis for developing potential therapeutic approaches against this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Hualin Chen
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Mengchao Wei
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Xue
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Zhaoheng Jin
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Zhigang Ji
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing 100000, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Trotier A, Bagnoli E, Walski T, Evers J, Pugliese E, Lowery M, Kilcoyne M, Fitzgerald U, Biggs M. Micromotion Derived Fluid Shear Stress Mediates Peri-Electrode Gliosis through Mechanosensitive Ion Channels. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2301352. [PMID: 37518828 PMCID: PMC10520674 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of bioelectronic neural implant technologies has advanced significantly over the past 5 years, particularly in brain-machine interfaces and electronic medicine. However, neuroelectrode-based therapies require invasive neurosurgery and can subject neural tissues to micromotion-induced mechanical shear, leading to chronic inflammation, the formation of a peri-electrode void and the deposition of reactive glial scar tissue. These structures act as physical barriers, hindering electrical signal propagation and reducing neural implant functionality. Although well documented, the mechanisms behind the initiation and progression of these processes are poorly understood. Herein, in silico analysis of micromotion-induced peri-electrode void progression and gliosis is described. Subsequently, ventral mesencephalic cells exposed to milliscale fluid shear stress in vitro exhibited increased expression of gliosis-associated proteins and overexpression of mechanosensitive ion channels PIEZO1 (piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 1) and TRPA1 (transient receptor potential ankyrin 1), effects further confirmed in vivo in a rat model of peri-electrode gliosis. Furthermore, in vitro analysis indicates that chemical inhibition/activation of PIEZO1 affects fluid shear stress mediated astrocyte reactivity in a mitochondrial-dependent manner. Together, the results suggest that mechanosensitive ion channels play a major role in the development of a peri-electrode void and micromotion-induced glial scarring at the peri-electrode region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Trotier
- SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices (CÚRAM)University of GalwayGalwayH91 W2TYIreland
- Galway Neuroscience CentreUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 W2TYIreland
| | - Enrico Bagnoli
- SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices (CÚRAM)University of GalwayGalwayH91 W2TYIreland
- Galway Neuroscience CentreUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 W2TYIreland
| | - Tomasz Walski
- SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices (CÚRAM)University of GalwayGalwayH91 W2TYIreland
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Fundamental Problems of TechnologyWrocław University of Science and TechnologyWroclaw50‐370Poland
| | - Judith Evers
- School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringUniversity College DublinDublin 4Ireland
| | - Eugenia Pugliese
- SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices (CÚRAM)University of GalwayGalwayH91 W2TYIreland
| | - Madeleine Lowery
- School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringUniversity College DublinDublin 4Ireland
| | - Michelle Kilcoyne
- SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices (CÚRAM)University of GalwayGalwayH91 W2TYIreland
- Galway Neuroscience CentreUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 W2TYIreland
- Carbohydrate Signalling GroupDiscipline of MicrobiologyUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 W2TYIreland
| | - Una Fitzgerald
- SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices (CÚRAM)University of GalwayGalwayH91 W2TYIreland
- Galway Neuroscience CentreUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 W2TYIreland
| | - Manus Biggs
- SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices (CÚRAM)University of GalwayGalwayH91 W2TYIreland
- Galway Neuroscience CentreUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 W2TYIreland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen H, Yang W, Li Y, Ji Z. PLAGL2 promotes bladder cancer progression via RACGAP1/RhoA GTPase/YAP1 signaling. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:433. [PMID: 37454211 PMCID: PMC10349853 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05970-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
PLAGL2 is upregulated in various tumors, including bladder cancer (BCa). However, the mechanisms underlying the tumorigenic effects of PLAGL2 in BCa remain unclear. In our study, we proved that PLAGL2 was overexpressed in BCa tissues and correlated with decreased survival. Functionally, PLAGL2 deficiency significantly suppressed the proliferation and metastasis of BCa cells in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing, qRT‒PCR, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence staining, luciferase reporter, and ChIP assays revealed that overexpressed PLAGL2 disrupted the Hippo pathway and increased YAP1/TAZ activity by transactivating RACGAP1. Further investigations demonstrated that PLAGL2 activated YAP1/TAZ signaling via RACGAP1-mediated RhoA activation. Importantly, the RhoA inhibitor simvastatin or the YAP1/TAZ inhibitor verteporfin abrogated the proproliferative and prometastatic effects of BCa enhanced by PLAGL2. These findings suggest that PLAGL2 promotes BCa progression via RACGAP1/RhoA GTPase/YAP1 signaling. Hence, the core nodes of signaling may be promising therapeutic targets for BCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hualin Chen
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wenjie Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhigang Ji
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Carotenuto P, Gradilone SA, Franco B. Cilia and Cancer: From Molecular Genetics to Therapeutic Strategies. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1428. [PMID: 37510333 PMCID: PMC10379587 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cilia are microtubule-based organelles that project from the cell surface with motility or sensory functions. Primary cilia work as antennae to sense and transduce extracellular signals. Cilia critically control proliferation by mediating cell-extrinsic signals and by regulating cell cycle entry. Recent studies have shown that primary cilia and their associated proteins also function in autophagy and genome stability, which are important players in oncogenesis. Abnormal functions of primary cilia may contribute to oncogenesis. Indeed, defective cilia can either promote or suppress cancers, depending on the cancer-initiating mutation, and the presence or absence of primary cilia is associated with specific cancer types. Together, these findings suggest that primary cilia play important, but distinct roles in different cancer types, opening up a completely new avenue of research to understand the biology and treatment of cancers. In this review, we discuss the roles of primary cilia in promoting or inhibiting oncogenesis based on the known or predicted functions of cilia and cilia-associated proteins in several key processes and related clinical implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Carotenuto
- Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- TIGEM, Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, 80078 Naples, Italy
| | - Sergio A. Gradilone
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA;
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Brunella Franco
- Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- TIGEM, Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, 80078 Naples, Italy
- School of Advanced Studies, Genomic and Experimental medicine Program (Scuola Superiore Meridionale), 80138 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Devlin L, Dhondurao Sudhindar P, Sayer JA. Renal ciliopathies: promising drug targets and prospects for clinical trials. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:325-346. [PMID: 37243567 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2218616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Renal ciliopathies represent a collection of genetic disorders characterized by deficiencies in the biogenesis, maintenance, or functioning of the ciliary complex. These disorders, which encompass autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), and nephronophthisis (NPHP), typically result in cystic kidney disease, renal fibrosis, and a gradual deterioration of kidney function, culminating in kidney failure. AREAS COVERED Here we review the advances in basic science and clinical research into renal ciliopathies which have yielded promising small compounds and drug targets, within both preclinical studies and clinical trials. EXPERT OPINION Tolvaptan is currently the sole approved treatment option available for ADPKD patients, while no approved treatment alternatives exist for ARPKD or NPHP patients. Clinical trials are presently underway to evaluate additional medications in ADPKD and ARPKD patients. Based on preclinical models, other potential therapeutic targets for ADPKD, ARPKD, and NPHP look promising. These include molecules targeting fluid transport, cellular metabolism, ciliary signaling and cell-cycle regulation. There is a real and urgent clinical need for translational research to bring novel treatments to clinical use for all forms of renal ciliopathies to reduce kidney disease progression and prevent kidney failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Devlin
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Praveen Dhondurao Sudhindar
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - John A Sayer
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Renal Services, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sénicourt B, Cloutier G, Basora N, Fallah S, Laniel A, Lavoie C, Beaulieu JF. Primary Cilium Identifies a Quiescent Cell Population in the Human Intestinal Crypt. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071059. [PMID: 37048132 PMCID: PMC10093653 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are sensory antennae located at the cell surface which mediate a variety of extracellular signals involved in development, tissue homeostasis, stem cells and cancer. Primary cilia are found in an extensive array of vertebrae cells but can only be generated when cells become quiescent. The small intestinal epithelium is a rapidly self-renewing tissue organized into a functional unit called the crypt–villus axis, containing progenitor and differentiated cells, respectively. Terminally differentiated villus cells are notoriously devoid of primary cilia. We sought to determine if intestinal crypts contain a quiescent cell population that could be identified by the presence of primary cilia. Here we show that primary cilia are detected in a subset of cells located deep in the crypts slightly above a Paneth cell population. Using a normal epithelial proliferative crypt cell model, we show that primary cilia assembly and activity correlate with a quiescent state. These results provide further evidence for the existence of a quiescent cell population in the human small intestine and suggest the potential for new modes of regulation in stem cell dynamics.
Collapse
|
12
|
Morleo M, Pezzella N, Franco B. Proteome balance in ciliopathies: the OFD1 protein example. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:201-217. [PMID: 36494254 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The balance of protein synthesis and degradation is finely regulated and influences cellular homeostasis and biological processes (e.g., embryonic development and neuronal plasticity). Recent data demonstrated that centrosomal/ciliary proteins enable proteome control in response to spatial or microenvironmental stimuli. Here, we discuss recent discoveries regarding the role in the balance of the proteome of centrosomal/ciliary proteins associated with genetic disorders known as ciliopathies. In particular, OFD1 was the first example of a ciliopathy protein controlling both protein expression and autophagic/proteasomal degradation. Understanding the role of proteome balance in the pathogenesis of the clinical manifestations of ciliopathies may pave the way to the identification of a wide range of putative novel therapeutic targets for these conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Morleo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Nunziana Pezzella
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM, School of Advanced Studies), Genomics and Experimental Medicine program, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Brunella Franco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM, School of Advanced Studies), Genomics and Experimental Medicine program, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Sergio Pansini, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shi WH, Zhou ZY, Ye MJ, Qin NX, Jiang ZR, Zhou XY, Xu NX, Cao XL, Chen SC, Huang HF, Xu CM. Sperm morphological abnormalities in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease are associated with the Hippo signaling pathway via PC1. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1130536. [PMID: 37152951 PMCID: PMC10155925 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1130536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a hereditary kidney disorder mostly caused by mutations in PKD1 or PKD2 genes. Here, we report thirteen ADPKD males with infertility and investigated the sperm morphological defects associated with PC1 disruption. Methods Targeted next-generation sequencing was performed to detect PKD1 variants in patients. Sperm morphology was observed by immunostaining and transmission electron microscopy, and the sperm motility was assessed using the computer-assisted sperm analysis system. The Hippo signaling pathway was analyzed with by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting in vitro. Results The ADPKD patients were infertile and their sperm tails showed morphological abnormalities, including coiled flagella, absent central microtubules, and irregular peripheral doublets. In addition, the length of sperm flagella was shorter in patients than in controls of in in. In vitro, ciliogenesis was impaired in Pkd1-depleted mouse kidney tubule cells. The absence of PC1 resulted in a reduction of MST1 and LATS1, leading to nuclear accumulation of YAP/TAZ and consequently increased transcription of Aurka. which might promote HDAC6-mediated ciliary disassembly. Conclusion Our results suggest the dysregulated Hippo signaling significantly contributes to ciliary abnormalities in and may be associated with flagellar defects in spermatozoa from ADPKD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hui Shi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Yang Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mu-Jin Ye
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning-Xin Qin
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Ru Jiang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan-You Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nai-Xin Xu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian-Lin Cao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song-Chang Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - He-Feng Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: He-Feng Huang, ; Chen-Ming Xu,
| | - Chen-Ming Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: He-Feng Huang, ; Chen-Ming Xu,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vasilyeva TA, Kadyshev VV, Marakhonov AV, Kanivets IV, Korostelev SA, Koshkin PA, Pyankov DV, Petrova NV, Kutsev SI, Zinchenko RA. [Molecular genetics in diagnosis of Coats disease: combination of oligogenic variants associated with different forms of hereditary retinal dystrophy]. Vestn Oftalmol 2023; 139:69-74. [PMID: 36924516 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma202313901169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Coats disease (OMIM 300216) is a form of hereditary retinal dystrophy, which occurs due to congenital abnormality of retinal vessels and features unilateral exudative vitreoretinopathy. Coats disease mostly occurs sporadically; its genetic cause is still undetermined. Molecular genetic research including whole exome sequencing by the NGS method was used to define a genetic cause of the observed phenotype. Two heterozygous variants in different genomic loci associated with other forms of hereditary retinal dystrophy were detected, a rare variant in the HMCN1 gene c.9571C>T, p.(Arg3191Cys), and a known pathogenic variant in the NPHP4 gene c.2930C>T, p.(Thr977Met). The HMCN1 gene is responsible for dominant age-related macular degeneration (OMIM 603075), pathogenic variants in the NPHP4 gene cause recessive Senior-Løken syndrome 4 (OMIM 266900). These genes encode the proteins that are involved in the regulation of integrity of the blood-retinal barrier in the vascular endothelium (NPHP4) and retinal pigment epithelium (HMCN1). The identified mutation in the NPHP4 gene could lead to decreased function of the NPHP4 protein and contribute to the development of retinal degeneration, potentially of oligogenic nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T A Vasilyeva
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Kadyshev
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - I V Kanivets
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia.,OOO Genomed, Moscow, Russia
| | - S A Korostelev
- OOO Genomed, Moscow, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - N V Petrova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - S I Kutsev
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - R A Zinchenko
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang YJ, Zhao Y, Sun YW, Chen Y. Never-in-Mitosis A-Related Kinase 8 (NEK8) Regulates Adipogenesis, Glucose Homeostasis, and Obesity. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022; 2022:1947067. [PMID: 36506932 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1947067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Adipogenesis is a complex biological process and the leading main cause of obesity. We evaluated the role of never-in-mitosis A-related kinase 8 (NEK8) in adipocyte development and insulin sensitivity in the present study. Methods NEK8 expression was manipulated using a specific shRNA or the NEK8-full-length expressing recombinant plasmids. The interaction between NEK8 and Tafazzin (TAZ, an oncogenic transcriptional regulator) was examined by Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and confocal immunofluorescence staining. Western blot assay was performed to determine the protein expression. The in vivo role of NEK8 was explored in a mouse model of high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced insulin resistance. Results During adipogenesis, the expression of NEK8 was elevated while TAZ was downregulated. Overexpression of NEK8 promoted lipid accumulation and expression of markers for adipocyte differentiation. Mechanically, NEK8 interacted with TAZ and suppressed its expression in adipocytes. Functionally, lentiviral-mediated NEK8 inhibition ameliorates HFD-induced insulin resistance in adipocytes. Conclusion These findings suggest that NEK8 plays a critical role in adipocyte proliferation, providing novel insight into the link between NEK8 and type 2 diabetes- (T2DM-) related obesity.
Collapse
|
16
|
Yousefi H, Delavar MR, Piroozian F, Baghi M, Nguyen K, Cheng T, Vittori C, Worthylake D, Alahari SK. Hippo signaling pathway: A comprehensive gene expression profile analysis in breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113144. [PMID: 35623167 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in women and a major public health concern. The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that serves as a key regulator for a wide variety of biological processes. Hippo signaling has been shown to have both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions in various cancers. Core components of the Hippo pathway consist of various kinases and downstream effectors such as YAP/TAZ. In the current report, differential expression of Hippo pathway elements as well as the correlation of Hippo pathway mRNAs with various clinicopathologic characteristics, including molecular subtypes, receptor status, and methylation status, has been investigated in BC using METABRIC and TCGA datasets. In this review, we note deregulation of several Hippo signaling elements in BC patients. Moreover, we see examples of negative correlations between methylation of Hippo genes and mRNA expression. The expression of Hippo genes significantly varies between different receptor subgroups. Because of the clear associations between mRNA expression and methylation status, DNA methylation may be one of the mechanisms that regulate the Hippo pathway in BC cells. Differential expression of Hippo genes among various BC molecular subtypes suggests that Hippo signaling may function differently in different subtypes of BC. Our data also highlights an interesting link between Hippo components' transcription and ER negativity in BC. In conclusion, substantial deregulation of Hippo signaling components suggests an important role of these genes in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Yousefi
- Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Mahsa Rostamian Delavar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Baghi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Khoa Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Thomas Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Cecilia Vittori
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - David Worthylake
- Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Suresh K Alahari
- Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jun JH, Lee EJ, Park M, Ko JY, Park JH. Reduced expression of TAZ inhibits primary cilium formation in renal glomeruli. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:169-179. [PMID: 35177808 PMCID: PMC8894487 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal primary cilia are antenna-like organelles that maintain cellular homeostasis via multiple receptors clustered along their membranes. Recent studies have revealed that YAP/TAZ, key paralogous effectors of the Hippo pathway, are involved in ciliogenesis; however, their independent roles need to be further investigated. Here, we analyzed the renal phenotypes of kidney-specific TAZ knockout mice and observed ciliary defects only in glomeruli where mild cysts were formed. This finding prompted us to verify the role of TAZ specifically in renal tubule ciliary regulation. Therefore, we investigated the effects of TAZ silencing and compared them to those of YAP knockdown using three different types of renal tubular cells. We found that the absence of TAZ prevented proper cilia formation in glomerular cells, whereas it had a negligible effect in collecting duct and proximal tubule cells. IFT and NPHP protein levels were altered because of TAZ deficiency, accompanied by ciliary defects in glomerular cells, and ciliary recovery was identified by regulating some NPHP proteins. Although our study focused on TAZ, ciliogenesis, and other ciliary genes, the results suggest the very distinct roles of YAP and TAZ in kidneys, specifically in terms of ciliary regulation. The roles of two regulatory proteins in the kidneys have been further clarified and provide insights into cilia defects and cyst formation. Cilia are organelles that act as ‘antennae’ for cell signaling in many tissues. Recent studies have highlighted two proteins involved in kidney cilia formation, YAP and TAZ, but little is known about their roles. Jong Hoon Park and co-workers at Sookmyung Women’s University in Seoul, South Korea, examined the role of TAZ in the regulation of kidney tubule cilia in mice. They explored the effects of silencing TAZ or YAP expression in different types of kidney tubule cells. TAZ deficiency but not YAP deficiency prevented correct cilia formation in the glomeruli, blood vessels that filter waste in the kidneys, and the resulting defects led to mild cyst generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hee Jun
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Minah Park
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Yeong Ko
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Park
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mansour F, Boivin FJ, Shaheed IB, Schueler M, Schmidt-Ott KM. The Role of Centrosome Distal Appendage Proteins (DAPs) in Nephronophthisis and Ciliogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212253. [PMID: 34830133 PMCID: PMC8621283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is found in most mammalian cells and plays a functional role in tissue homeostasis and organ development by modulating key signaling pathways. Ciliopathies are a group of genetically heterogeneous disorders resulting from defects in cilia development and function. Patients with ciliopathic disorders exhibit a range of phenotypes that include nephronophthisis (NPHP), a progressive tubulointerstitial kidney disease that commonly results in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In recent years, distal appendages (DAPs), which radially project from the distal end of the mother centriole, have been shown to play a vital role in primary ciliary vesicle docking and the initiation of ciliogenesis. Mutations in the genes encoding these proteins can result in either a complete loss of the primary cilium, abnormal ciliary formation, or defective ciliary signaling. DAPs deficiency in humans or mice commonly results in NPHP. In this review, we outline recent advances in our understanding of the molecular functions of DAPs and how they participate in nephronophthisis development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Mansour
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt;
| | - Felix J. Boivin
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Iman B. Shaheed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt;
| | - Markus Schueler
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (K.M.S.-O.)
| | - Kai M. Schmidt-Ott
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (K.M.S.-O.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Schwarz H, Popp B, Airik R, Torabi N, Knaup KX, Stoeckert J, Wiech T, Amann K, Reis A, Schiffer M, Wiesener MS, Schueler M. Biallelic ANKS6 mutations cause late onset ciliopathy with chronic kidney disease through YAP dysregulation. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 31:1357-1369. [PMID: 34740236 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies (NPHP-RC) comprises a group of inherited kidney diseases, caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins localizing to primary cilia. NPHP-RC represent the one of the most frequent monogenic causes of renal failure within the first three decades of life, but its molecular disease mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we identified biallelic ANKS6 mutations in two affected siblings with late onset chronic kidney disease by whole exome sequencing. We employed patient derived fibroblasts generating an in vitro model to study the precise biological impact of distinct human ANKS6 mutations, completed by immunohistochemistry studies on renal biopsy samples. Functional studies using patient derived cells showed an impaired integrity of the ciliary Inversin compartment with reduced cilia length. Further analyses demonstrated that ANKS6 deficiency leads to a dysregulation of Hippo-signaling through nuclear YAP imbalance, and disrupted ciliary localization of YAP. Additionally an altered transcriptional activity of canonical Wnt target genes and altered expression of non-phosphorylated (active) β-catenin and phosphorylated GSK3β were observed. Upon ciliation ANKS6 deficiency revealed a deranged subcellular localization and expression of components of the endocytic recycling compartment. Our results demonstrate that ANKS6 plays a key role in regulating the Hippo pathway and ANKS6 deficiency is linked to dysregulation of signaling pathways. Our study provides molecular clues in understanding pathophysiological mechanisms of NPHP-RC and may offer new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Schwarz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Bernt Popp
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Rannar Airik
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Nasrin Torabi
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Karl X Knaup
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Johanna Stoeckert
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wiech
- Institute of Pathology, Nephropathology Section, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Mario Schiffer
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Michael S Wiesener
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Markus Schueler
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gupta S, Ozimek-Kulik JE, Phillips JK. Nephronophthisis-Pathobiology and Molecular Pathogenesis of a Rare Kidney Genetic Disease. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111762. [PMID: 34828368 PMCID: PMC8623546 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The exponential rise in our understanding of the aetiology and pathophysiology of genetic cystic kidney diseases can be attributed to the identification of cystogenic genes over the last three decades. The foundation of this was laid by positional cloning strategies which gradually shifted towards next-generation sequencing (NGS) based screenings. This shift has enabled the discovery of novel cystogenic genes at an accelerated pace unlike ever before and, most notably, the past decade has seen the largest increase in identification of the genes which cause nephronophthisis (NPHP). NPHP is a monogenic autosomal recessive cystic kidney disease caused by mutations in a diverse clade of over 26 identified genes and is the most common genetic cause of renal failure in children. NPHP gene types present with some common pathophysiological features alongside a diverse range of extra-renal phenotypes associated with specific syndromic presentations. This review provides a timely update on our knowledge of this disease, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, anatomical and molecular features. We delve into the diversity of the NPHP causing genes and discuss known molecular mechanisms and biochemical pathways that may have possible points of intersection with polycystic kidney disease (the most studied renal cystic pathology). We delineate the pathologies arising from extra-renal complications and co-morbidities and their impact on quality of life. Finally, we discuss the current diagnostic and therapeutic modalities available for disease management, outlining possible avenues of research to improve the prognosis for NPHP patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shabarni Gupta
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (J.E.O.-K.); (J.K.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Justyna E. Ozimek-Kulik
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (J.E.O.-K.); (J.K.P.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Sydney Children’s Hospital Network, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Kathleen Phillips
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (J.E.O.-K.); (J.K.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
The primary cilium, an antenna-like structure that protrudes out from the cell surface, is present in most cell types. It is a microtubule-based organelle that serves as a mega-signaling center and is important for sensing biochemical and mechanical signals to carry out various cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, differentiation, and many others. At any given time, cilia length is determined by a dynamic balance of cilia assembly and disassembly processes. Abnormally short or long cilia can cause a plethora of human diseases commonly referred to as ciliopathies, including, but not limited to, skeletal malformations, obesity, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, retinal degeneration, and bardet-biedl syndrome. While the process of cilia assembly is studied extensively, the process of cilia disassembly and its biological role(s) are less well understood. This review discusses current knowledge on ciliary disassembly and how different cellular processes and molecular signals converge to carry out this process. This information will help us understand how the process of ciliary disassembly is regulated, identify the key steps that need further investigation, and possibly design therapeutic targets for a subset of ciliopathies that are causally linked to defective ciliary disassembly.
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhou J, Yang Z, Yang CS, Lin H. Paraneoplastic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumor with cutaneous metastasis: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:8120-8126. [PMID: 34621870 PMCID: PMC8462187 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i27.8120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) with cutaneous metastasis is very rare. As a result, cutaneous GISTs have not been well characterized. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is also a rare symptom among paraneoplastic nephritic syndromes (PNS).
CASE SUMMARY In this case report, we describe a patient with cutaneous metastatic GIST accompanied by nephrotic syndrome occurring as a malignancy-associated PNS, for whom symptomatic treatment was ineffective, but clinical remission was achieved after surgery. Moreover, the patient has a missense mutation in NPHP4, which can explain the occurrences of GIST and FSGS in this patient and indicates that the association is not random.
CONCLUSION This is the first reported case of a GIST with cutaneous metastasis accompanied by nephrotic syndrome manifesting as a PNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Haikou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University, Haikou 570208, Hainan Province, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Haikou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University, Haikou 570208, Hainan Province, China
| | - Cui-Shun Yang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Haikou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University, Haikou 570208, Hainan Province, China
| | - Hua Lin
- Department of Nursing, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Haikou 570208, Hainan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Airik M, Schüler M, McCourt B, Weiss AC, Herdman N, Lüdtke TH, Widmeier E, Stolz DB, Nejak-Bowen KN, Yimlamai D, Wu YL, Kispert A, Airik R, Hildebrandt F. Loss of Anks6 leads to YAP deficiency and liver abnormalities. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:3064-3080. [PMID: 32886109 PMCID: PMC7733532 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ANKS6 is a ciliary protein that localizes to the proximal compartment of the primary cilium, where it regulates signaling. Mutations in the ANKS6 gene cause multiorgan ciliopathies in humans, which include laterality defects of the visceral organs, renal cysts as part of nephronophthisis and congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) in the liver. Although CHF together with liver ductal plate malformations are common features of several human ciliopathy syndromes, including nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies, the mechanism by which mutations in ciliary genes lead to bile duct developmental abnormalities is not understood. Here, we generated a knockout mouse model of Anks6 and show that ANKS6 function is required for bile duct morphogenesis and cholangiocyte differentiation. The loss of Anks6 causes ciliary abnormalities, ductal plate remodeling defects and periportal fibrosis in the liver. Our expression studies and biochemical analyses show that biliary abnormalities in Anks6-deficient livers result from the dysregulation of YAP transcriptional activity in the bile duct-lining epithelial cells. Mechanistically, our studies suggest, that ANKS6 antagonizes Hippo signaling in the liver during bile duct development by binding to Hippo pathway effector proteins YAP1, TAZ and TEAD4 and promoting their transcriptional activity. Together, this study reveals a novel function for ANKS6 in regulating Hippo signaling during organogenesis and provides mechanistic insights into the regulatory network controlling bile duct differentiation and morphogenesis during liver development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Airik
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Markus Schüler
- Division of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charite University, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Blake McCourt
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Nathan Herdman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Eugen Widmeier
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Donna B Stolz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kari N Nejak-Bowen
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dean Yimlamai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yijen L Wu
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Rannar Airik
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang W, Lu X, Zhang T, Han W, Li J, He W, Jia Y, Zhao K, Qin A, Qian Y. TAZ inhibits osteoclastogenesis by attenuating TAK1/NF-κB signaling. Bone Res 2021; 9:33. [PMID: 34253712 PMCID: PMC8275679 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00151-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is an osteolytic disorder commonly associated with excessive osteoclast formation. Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) is a key downstream effector of the Hippo signaling pathway; it was suggested to be involved in the regulation of bone homeostasis. However, the exact role of TAZ in osteoclasts has not yet been established. In this study, we demonstrated that global knockout and osteoclast-specific knockout of TAZ led to a low-bone mass phenotype due to elevated osteoclast formation, which was further evidenced by in vitro osteoclast formation assays. Moreover, the overexpression of TAZ inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast formation, whereas silencing of TAZ reduced it. Mechanistically, TAZ bound to TGF-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and reciprocally inhibited NF-κB signaling, suppressing osteoclast differentiation. Collectively, our findings highlight an essential role of TAZ in the regulation of osteoclastogenesis in osteoporosis and its underlying mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanlei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xuanyuan Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Tan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Weiqi Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jianlei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yewei Jia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Kangxian Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - An Qin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Peired AJ, Lazzeri E, Guzzi F, Anders HJ, Romagnani P. From kidney injury to kidney cancer. Kidney Int 2021; 100:55-66. [PMID: 33794229 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies document strong associations between acute or chronic kidney injury and kidney tumors. However, whether these associations are linked by causation, and in which direction, is unclear. Accumulating data from basic and clinical research now shed light on this issue and prompt us to propose a new pathophysiological concept with immanent implications in the management of patients with kidney disease and patients with kidney tumors. As a central paradigm, this review proposes the mechanisms of kidney damage and repair that are active during acute kidney injury but also during persistent injuries in chronic kidney disease as triggers of DNA damage, promoting the expansion of (pre-)malignant cell clones. As renal progenitors have been identified by different studies as the cell of origin for several benign and malignant kidney tumors, we discuss how the different types of kidney tumors relate to renal progenitors at specific sites of injury and to germline or somatic mutations in distinct signaling pathways. We explain how known risk factors for kidney cancer rather represent risk factors for kidney injury as an upstream cause of cancer. Finally, we propose a new role for nephrologists in kidney cancer (i.e., the primary and secondary prevention and treatment of kidney injury to reduce incidence, prevalence, and recurrence of kidney cancer).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Julie Peired
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of DE NOVO Therapies, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lazzeri
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of DE NOVO Therapies, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Guzzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Medizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IV, Ludwig Maximilian University Klinikum, Munich, Germany
| | - Paola Romagnani
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of DE NOVO Therapies, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Stokman MF, Saunier S, Benmerah A. Renal Ciliopathies: Sorting Out Therapeutic Approaches for Nephronophthisis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:653138. [PMID: 34055783 PMCID: PMC8155538 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.653138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephronophthisis (NPH) is an autosomal recessive ciliopathy and a major cause of end-stage renal disease in children. The main forms, juvenile and adult NPH, are characterized by tubulointerstitial fibrosis whereas the infantile form is more severe and characterized by cysts. NPH is caused by mutations in over 20 different genes, most of which encode components of the primary cilium, an organelle in which important cellular signaling pathways converge. Ciliary signal transduction plays a critical role in kidney development and tissue homeostasis, and disruption of ciliary signaling has been associated with cyst formation, epithelial cell dedifferentiation and kidney function decline. Drugs have been identified that target specific signaling pathways (for example cAMP/PKA, Hedgehog, and mTOR pathways) and rescue NPH phenotypes in in vitro and/or in vivo models. Despite identification of numerous candidate drugs in rodent models, there has been a lack of clinical trials and there is currently no therapy that halts disease progression in NPH patients. This review covers the most important findings of therapeutic approaches in NPH model systems to date, including hypothesis-driven therapies and untargeted drug screens, approached from the pathophysiology of NPH. Importantly, most animal models used in these studies represent the cystic infantile form of NPH, which is less prevalent than the juvenile form. It appears therefore important to develop new models relevant for juvenile/adult NPH. Alternative non-orthologous animal models and developments in patient-based in vitro model systems are discussed, as well as future directions in personalized therapy for NPH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marijn F Stokman
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Inherited Kidney Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Saunier
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Inherited Kidney Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Benmerah
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Inherited Kidney Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhu M, Fan J, Zhang C, Xu J, Yin R, Zhang E, Wang Y, Ji M, Sun Q, Dai J, Jin G, Chen L, Xu L, Hu Z, Ma H, Shen H. A cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study identifies novel susceptibility genes for lung cancer in Chinese populations. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1666-1676. [PMID: 33909040 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although dozens of susceptibility loci have been identified for lung cancer in genome-wide association studies (GWASs), the susceptibility genes and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we conducted a cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) with UTMOST based on summary statistics from 13 327 lung cancer cases and 13 328 controls and the genetic-expression matrix over 44 human tissues in the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. After further evaluating the associations in each tissue, we revealed 6 susceptibility genes in known loci and identified 12 novel ones. Among those, five novel genes, including DCAF16 (Pcross-tissue = 2.57 × 10-5, PLung = 2.89 × 10-5), CBL (Pcross-tissue = 5.08 × 10-7, PLung = 1.82 × 10-4), ATR (Pcross-tissue = 1.45 × 10-5, PLung = 9.68 × 10-5), GYPE (Pcross-tissue = 1.45 × 10-5, PLung = 2.17 × 10-3) and PARD3 (Pcross-tissue = 5.79 × 10-6, PLung = 4.05 × 10-3), were significantly associated with the risk of lung cancer in both cross-tissue and lung tissue models. Further colocalization analysis indicated that rs7667864 (C > A) and rs2298650 (G > T) drove the GWAS association signals at 4p15.31-32 (OR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.04-1.12, PGWAS = 5.54 × 10-5) and 11q23.3 (OR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.04-1.13, PGWAS = 5.55 × 10-5), as well as the expression of DCAF16 (βGTEx = 0.24, PGTEx = 9.81 × 10-15; βNJLCC = 0.29, PNJLCC = 3.84 × 10-8) and CBL (βGTEx = -0.17, PGTEx = 2.82 × 10-8; βNJLCC = -0.32, PNJLCC = 2.61 × 10-7) in lung tissue. Functional annotations and phenotype assays supported the carcinogenic effect of these novel susceptibility genes in lung carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jingyi Fan
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Rong Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Erbao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mengmeng Ji
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li Q, Wang M, Hu Y, Zhao E, Li J, Ren L, Wang M, Xu Y, Liang Q, Zhang D, Lai Y, Liu S, Peng X, Zhu C, Ye L. MYBL2 disrupts the Hippo-YAP pathway and confers castration resistance and metastatic potential in prostate cancer. Theranostics 2021; 11:5794-5812. [PMID: 33897882 PMCID: PMC8058714 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Resistance to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) associated with metastatic progression remains a challenging clinical task in prostate cancer (PCa) treatment. Current targeted therapies for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are not durable. The exact molecular mechanisms mediating resistance to castration therapy that lead to CRPC progression remain obscure. Methods: The expression of MYB proto-oncogene like 2 (MYBL2) was evaluated in PCa samples. The effect of MYBL2 on the response to ADT was determined by in vitro and in vivo experiments. The survival of patients with PCa was analyzed using clinical specimens (n = 132) and data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (n = 450). The mechanistic model of MYBL2 in regulating gene expression was further detected by subcellular fractionation, western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays. Results: MYBL2 expression was significantly upregulated in CRPC tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of MYBL2 could facilitate castration-resistant growth and metastatic capacity in androgen-dependent PCa cells by promoting YAP1 transcriptional activity via modulating the activity of the Rho GTPases RhoA and LATS1 kinase. Importantly, targeting MYBL2, or treatment with either the YAP/TAZ inhibitor Verteporfin or the RhoA inhibitor Simvastatin, reversed the resistance to ADT and blocked bone metastasis in CRPC cells. Finally, high MYBL2 levels were positively associated with TNM stage, total PSA level, and Gleason score and predicted a higher risk of metastatic relapse and poor prognosis in patients with PCa. Conclusions: Our results reveal a novel molecular mechanism conferring resistance to ADT and provide a strong rationale for potential therapeutic strategies against CRPC.
Collapse
|
29
|
Fabretti F, Tschernoster N, Erger F, Hedergott A, Buescher AK, Dafinger C, Reusch B, Köntges VK, Kohl S, Bartram MP, Weber LT, Thiele H, Altmueller J, Schermer B, Beck BB, Habbig S. Expanding the Spectrum of FAT1 Nephropathies by Novel Mutations That Affect Hippo Signaling. Kidney Int Rep 2021; 6:1368-1378. [PMID: 34013115 PMCID: PMC8116753 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Disease-causing mutations in the protocadherin FAT1 have been recently described both in patients with a glomerulotubular nephropathy and in patients with a syndromic nephropathy. Methods We identified 4 patients with FAT1-associated disease, performed clinical and genetic characterization, and compared our findings to the previously published patients. Patient-derived primary urinary epithelial cells were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunoblotting to identify possible alterations in Hippo signaling. Results Here we expand the spectrum of FAT1-associated disease with the identification of novel FAT1 mutations in 4 patients from 3 families (homozygous truncating variants in 3, compound heterozygous missense variants in 1 patient). All patients show an ophthalmologic phenotype together with heterogeneous renal phenotypes ranging from normal renal function to early-onset end-stage kidney failure. Molecular analysis of primary urine-derived urinary renal epithelial cells revealed alterations in the Hippo signaling cascade with a decreased phosphorylation of both the core kinase MST and the downstream effector YAP. Consistently, we found a transcriptional upregulation of bona fide YAP target genes. Conclusion A comprehensive review of the here identified patients and those previously published indicates a highly diverse phenotype in patients with missense mutations but a more uniform and better recognizable phenotype in the patients with truncating mutations. Altered Hippo signaling and de-repressed YAP activity might be novel contributing factors to the pathomechanism in FAT1-associated renal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fabretti
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nikolai Tschernoster
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Erger
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Hedergott
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja K Buescher
- Children's Hospital, Pediatrics II, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Claudia Dafinger
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bjoern Reusch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vincent K Köntges
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Kohl
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Malte P Bartram
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lutz Thorsten Weber
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Altmueller
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bodo B Beck
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Habbig
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kim JY, Kim TY, Lee ES, Aryal YP, Pokharel E, Sung S, Sohn WJ, Kim JY, Jung JK. Implications of the specific localization of YAP signaling on the epithelial patterning of circumvallate papilla. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:313-320. [PMID: 33420594 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09951-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Circumvallate papilla (CVP) is a distinctively structured with dome-shaped apex, and the surrounding trench which contains over two hundred taste buds on the lateral walls. Although CVP was extensively studied to determine the regulatory mechanisms during organogenesis, it still remains to be elucidated the principle mechanisms of signaling regulations on morphogenesis including taste buds formation. The key role of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in the regulation of organ size and cell proliferation in vertebrates is well understood, but little is known about the role of this signaling pathway in CVP development. We aimed to determine the putative roles of YAP signaling in the epithelial patterning during CVP morphogenesis. To evaluate the precise localization patterns of YAP and other related signaling molecules, including β-catenin, Ki67, cytokeratins, and PGP9.5, in CVP tissue, histology and immunohistochemistry were employed at E16 and adult mice. Our results suggested that there are specific localization patterns of YAP and Wnt signaling molecules in developing and adult CVP. These concrete localization patterns would provide putative involvements of YAP and Wnt signaling for proper epithelial cell differentiation including the formation and maintenance of taste buds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Youn Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Gachon University, Inchoen, Korea
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Joong-gu, Daegu, 41940, Korea
| | - Eui-Seon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Joong-gu, Daegu, 41940, Korea
| | - Yam Prasad Aryal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Joong-gu, Daegu, 41940, Korea
| | - Elina Pokharel
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Joong-gu, Daegu, 41940, Korea
| | - Shijin Sung
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Joong-gu, Daegu, 41940, Korea
| | - Wern-Joo Sohn
- Pre-Major of Cosmetics and Pharmaceutics, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38610, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Joong-gu, Daegu, 41940, Korea.
| | - Jae-Kwang Jung
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Joong-gu, Daegu, 41940, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Andreu-Cervera A, Catala M, Schneider-Maunoury S. Cilia, ciliopathies and hedgehog-related forebrain developmental disorders. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 150:105236. [PMID: 33383187 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of the forebrain critically depends on the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway, as illustrated in humans by the frequent perturbation of this pathway in holoprosencephaly, a condition defined as a defect in the formation of midline structures of the forebrain and face. The Shh pathway requires functional primary cilia, microtubule-based organelles present on virtually every cell and acting as cellular antennae to receive and transduce diverse chemical, mechanical or light signals. The dysfunction of cilia in humans leads to inherited diseases called ciliopathies, which often affect many organs and show diverse manifestations including forebrain malformations for the most severe forms. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with a framework to understand the developmental origin of the forebrain defects observed in severe ciliopathies with respect to perturbations of the Shh pathway. We propose that many of these defects can be interpreted as an imbalance in the ratio of activator to repressor forms of the Gli transcription factors, which are effectors of the Shh pathway. We also discuss the complexity of ciliopathies and their relationships with forebrain disorders such as holoprosencephaly or malformations of cortical development, and emphasize the need for a closer examination of forebrain defects in ciliopathies, not only through the lens of animal models but also taking advantage of the increasing potential of the research on human tissues and organoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Andreu-Cervera
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7622, Institut national pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1156, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine - Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement (IBPS-LBD), 9 Quai Saint-Bernard, 75005 Paris, France; Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández - CSIC, Campus de San Juan; Avda. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 03550 Alicante, Spain
| | - Martin Catala
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7622, Institut national pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1156, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine - Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement (IBPS-LBD), 9 Quai Saint-Bernard, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Sylvie Schneider-Maunoury
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7622, Institut national pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1156, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine - Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement (IBPS-LBD), 9 Quai Saint-Bernard, 75005 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Delgado ILS, Carmona B, Nolasco S, Santos D, Leitão A, Soares H. MOB: Pivotal Conserved Proteins in Cytokinesis, Cell Architecture and Tissue Homeostasis. Biology (Basel) 2020; 9:biology9120413. [PMID: 33255245 PMCID: PMC7761452 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The MOB family proteins are constituted by highly conserved eukaryote kinase signal adaptors that are often essential both for cell and organism survival. Historically, MOB family proteins have been described as kinase activators participating in Hippo and Mitotic Exit Network/ Septation Initiation Network (MEN/SIN) signaling pathways that have central roles in regulating cytokinesis, cell polarity, cell proliferation and cell fate to control organ growth and regeneration. In metazoans, MOB proteins act as central signal adaptors of the core kinase module MST1/2, LATS1/2, and NDR1/2 kinases that phosphorylate the YAP/TAZ transcriptional co-activators, effectors of the Hippo signaling pathway. More recently, MOBs have been shown to also have non-kinase partners and to be involved in cilia biology, indicating that its activity and regulation is more diverse than expected. In this review, we explore the possible ancestral role of MEN/SIN pathways on the built-in nature of a more complex and functionally expanded Hippo pathway, by focusing on the most conserved components of these pathways, the MOB proteins. We discuss the current knowledge of MOBs-regulated signaling, with emphasis on its evolutionary history and role in morphogenesis, cytokinesis, and cell polarity from unicellular to multicellular organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inês L. S. Delgado
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal or (I.L.S.D.); or (S.N.); (D.S.); (A.L.)
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bruno Carmona
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal; or
- Centro de Química Estrutural–Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sofia Nolasco
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal or (I.L.S.D.); or (S.N.); (D.S.); (A.L.)
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal; or
| | - Dulce Santos
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal or (I.L.S.D.); or (S.N.); (D.S.); (A.L.)
| | - Alexandre Leitão
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal or (I.L.S.D.); or (S.N.); (D.S.); (A.L.)
| | - Helena Soares
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal; or
- Centro de Química Estrutural–Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang B, Liang Z, Liu P. Functional aspects of primary cilium in signaling, assembly and microenvironment in cancer. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3207-3219. [PMID: 33107052 PMCID: PMC7984063 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The primary cilium is an antennae‐like structure extent outside the cell surface. It has an important role in regulating cell‐signaling transduction to affect proliferation, differentiation and migration. Evidence is accumulating that ciliary defects lead to ciliopathies and ciliary deregulation also play crucial roles in cancer formation and progression. Interestingly, restoring the cilia can suppress proliferation in some cancer cell. However, t he role of primary cilia in cancer still be debated. In this article, we review the role of the primary cilium in cancer through architecture, signaling pathways, cilia assembly and disassembly regulators, and summarized the new findings of the primary cilium in tumor microenvironments and different cancers, highlighting novel possibilities for therapeutic target in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheyong Liang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lee KH. Involvement of Wnt signaling in primary cilia assembly and disassembly. FEBS J 2020; 287:5027-5038. [PMID: 33015954 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The primary cilium is a nonmotile microtubule-based structure, which functions as an antenna-like cellular sensing organelle. The primary cilium is assembled from the basal body, a mother centriole-based structure, during interphase or a quiescent cell stage, and rapidly disassembles before entering mitosis in a dynamic cycle. Defects in this ciliogenesis dynamics are associated with human diseases such as ciliopathy and cancer, but the molecular mechanisms of the ciliogenesis dynamics are still largely unknown. To date, various cellular signaling pathways associated with primary cilia have been proposed, but the main signaling pathways regulating primary cilia assembly/disassembly remain enigmatic. This review describes recent findings in Wnt-induced primary cilia assembly/disassembly and potential future directions for the study of the cellular signaling related to the primary ciliogenesis dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ho Lee
- Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Cystic transformation of kidney tissue is a key feature of various disorders including autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), and disorders of the nephronophthisis spectrum (NPH). While ARPKD and NPH typically affect children and adolescents, pediatric onset of ADPKD is less frequently found. While both ADPKD and ARPKD are characterized by formation of hundreds of cysts accompanied by hyperproliferation of tubular epithelia with massive renal enlargement, NPH patients usually show kidneys of normal or reduced size with cysts limited to the corticomedullary border. Recent results suggest the hippo pathway to be a central regulator at the crossroads of the renal phenotype in both diseases. Hippo signaling regulates organ size and proliferation by keeping the oncogenic transcriptional co-activators Yes associated protein 1 (YAP) and WW domain containing transcription regulator 1 (TAZ) in check. Once this inhibition is released, nuclear YAP/TAZ interacts with TEAD family transcription factors and the consecutive transcriptional activation of TEA domain family members (TEAD) target genes mediates an increase in proliferation. Here, we review the current knowledge on the impact of NPHP and ADPKD mutations on Hippo signaling networks. Furthermore, we provide an outlook towards potential future therapeutic strategies targeting Hippo signaling to alleviate cystic kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Adamiok-Ostrowska A, Piekiełko-Witkowska A. Ciliary Genes in Renal Cystic Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:E907. [PMID: 32276433 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cilia are microtubule-based organelles, protruding from the apical cell surface and anchoring to the cytoskeleton. Primary (nonmotile) cilia of the kidney act as mechanosensors of nephron cells, responding to fluid movements by triggering signal transduction. The impaired functioning of primary cilia leads to formation of cysts which in turn contribute to development of diverse renal diseases, including kidney ciliopathies and renal cancer. Here, we review current knowledge on the role of ciliary genes in kidney ciliopathies and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Special focus is given on the impact of mutations and altered expression of ciliary genes (e.g., encoding polycystins, nephrocystins, Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins, ALS1, Oral-facial-digital syndrome 1 (OFD1) and others) in polycystic kidney disease and nephronophthisis, as well as rare genetic disorders, including syndromes of Joubert, Meckel-Gruber, Bardet-Biedl, Senior-Loken, Alström, Orofaciodigital syndrome type I and cranioectodermal dysplasia. We also show that RCC and classic kidney ciliopathies share commonly disturbed genes affecting cilia function, including VHL (von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor), PKD1 (polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting) and PKD2 (polycystin 2, transient receptor potential cation channel). Finally, we discuss the significance of ciliary genes as diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as therapeutic targets in ciliopathies and cancer.
Collapse
|
37
|
Patnaik SR, Farag A, Brücker L, Volz AK, Schneider S, Kretschmer V, May-Simera HL. Tissue-dependent differences in Bardet-Biedl syndrome gene expression. Biol Cell 2020; 112:39-52. [PMID: 31845361 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201900077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION Primary cilia are highly conserved multifunctional cell organelles that extend from the cell membrane. A range of genetic disorders, collectively termed ciliopathies, is attributed to primary cilia dysfunction. The archetypical ciliopathy is the Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), patients of which display virtually all symptoms associated with dysfunctional cilia. The primary cilium acts as a sensory organelle transmitting intra- and extracellular signals thereby transducing various signalling pathways facilitated by the BBS proteins. Growing evidence suggests that cilia proteins also have alternative functions in ciliary independent mechanisms, which might be contributing to disease etiology. RESULTS In an attempt to gain more insight into possible differences in organ specific roles, we examined whether relative gene expression for individual Bbs genes was constant across different tissues in mouse, in order to distinguish possible differences in organ specific roles. All tested tissues show differentially expressed Bbs transcripts with some tissues showing a more similar stoichiometric composition of transcripts than others do. However, loss of Bbs6 or Bbs8 affects expression of other Bbs transcripts in a tissue-dependent way. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE Our data support the hypothesis that in some organs, BBS proteins not only function in a complex but might also have alternative functions in a ciliary independent context. This significantly alters our understanding of disease pathogenesis and development of possible treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Rani Patnaik
- Cilia Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Aalaa Farag
- Cilia Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Lena Brücker
- Cilia Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Volz
- Cilia Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Sandra Schneider
- Cilia Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Viola Kretschmer
- Cilia Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Helen Louise May-Simera
- Cilia Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Pazour GJ, Quarmby L, Smith AO, Desai PB, Schmidts M. Cilia in cystic kidney and other diseases. Cell Signal 2019; 69:109519. [PMID: 31881326 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells lining the ducts and tubules of the kidney nephron and collecting duct have a single non-motile cilium projecting from their surface into the lumen of the tubule. These organelles were long considered vestigial remnants left as a result of evolution from a ciliated ancestor, but we now recognize them as critical sensory antennae. In the kidney, the polycystins and fibrocystin, products of the major human polycystic kidney disease genes, localize to this organelle. The polycystins and fibrocystin, through an unknown mechanism, monitor the diameter of the kidney tubules and regulate the proliferation and differentiation of the cells lining the tubule. When the polycystins, fibrocystin or cilia themselves are defective, the cell perceives this as a pro-proliferative signal, which leads to tubule dilation and cystic disease. In addition to critical roles in preventing cyst formation in the kidney, cilia are also important in cystic and fibrotic diseases of the liver and pancreas, and ciliary defects lead to a variety of developmental abnormalities that cause structural birth defects in most organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Pazour
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Biotech II, Suite 213, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, United States of America.
| | - Lynne Quarmby
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Abigail O Smith
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Biotech II, Suite 213, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, United States of America
| | - Paurav B Desai
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Biotech II, Suite 213, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, United States of America
| | - Miriam Schmidts
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg University Faculty of Medicine, Mathildenstrasse 1, 79112 Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
van Soldt BJ, Cardoso WV. Hippo-Yap/Taz signaling: Complex network interactions and impact in epithelial cell behavior. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol 2019; 9:e371. [PMID: 31828974 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway has emerged as a crucial integrator of signals in biological events from development to adulthood and in diseases. Although extensively studied in Drosophila and in cell cultures, major gaps of knowledge still remain on how this pathway functions in mammalian systems. The pathway consists of a growing number of components, including core kinases and adaptor proteins, which control the subcellular localization of the transcriptional co-activators Yap and Taz through phosphorylation of serines at key sites. When localized to the nucleus, Yap/Taz interact with TEAD transcription factors to induce transcriptional programs of proliferation, stemness, and growth. In the cytoplasm, Yap/Taz interact with multiple pathways to regulate a variety of cellular functions or are targeted for degradation. The Hippo pathway receives cues from diverse intracellular and extracellular inputs, including growth factor and integrin signaling, polarity complexes, and cell-cell junctions. This review highlights the mechanisms of regulation of Yap/Taz nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and their implications for epithelial cell behavior using the lung as an intriguing example of this paradigm. This article is categorized under: Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies > Regulatory Mechanisms Signaling Pathways > Cell Fate Signaling Establishment of Spatial and Temporal Patterns > Cytoplasmic Localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J van Soldt
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.,Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Wellington V Cardoso
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.,Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
The plasma membrane allows the cell to sense and adapt to changes in the extracellular environment by relaying external inputs via intracellular signaling networks. One central cellular signaling pathway is the Hippo pathway, which regulates homeostasis and plays chief roles in carcinogenesis and regenerative processes. Recent studies have found that mechanical stimuli and diffusible chemical components can regulate the Hippo pathway primarily through receptors embedded in the plasma membrane. Morphologically defined structures within the plasma membrane, such as cellular junctions, focal adhesions, primary cilia, caveolae, clathrin-coated pits, and plaques play additional key roles. Here, we discuss recent evidence highlighting the importance of these specialized plasma membrane domains in cellular feedback via the Hippo pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Rausch
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh bioQuarter, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh bioQuarter, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Carsten G Hansen
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh bioQuarter, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh bioQuarter, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abdelhamed ZA, Ryan TA, Fuller M, Coulson-Gilmer C, Abdelmottaleb DI, Wang TL, Kaun JC, Wang P, Hutson R, Wilkinson N, Bell SM, Johnson CA. Characterization of Primary Cilia in Normal Fallopian Tube Epithelium and Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2018; 28:1535-44. [PMID: 30095490 DOI: 10.1097/IGC.0000000000001321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of primary cilia on secretory cells in normal fallopian tube (FT) and serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC). Methods Fallopian tube tissue samples were obtained from 4 females undergoing prophylactic hysterectomies and 6 patients diagnosed with STIC. A mogp-TAg transgenic mouse STIC sample was also compared with a wild-type mouse FT sample. Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma was identified by hematoxylin and eosin staining and confirmed by positive Ki-67 and p53 immunohistochemical staining of tissue sections. We assessed the relative distribution of primary cilia on secretory cells and motile cilia on multiple ciliated cells by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining. Ciliary function was assessed by immunofluorescence staining of specific ciliary marker proteins and responsiveness to Sonic Hedgehog signaling. Results Primary cilia are widespread on secretory cells in the ampulla, isthmus, and in particular, the fimbriae of human FT where they may appear to mediate ciliary-mediated Sonic Hedgehog signaling. A statistically significant reduction in the number of primary cilia on secretory cells was observed in human STIC samples compared with normal controls (P < 0.0002, Student t test), supported by similar findings in a mouse STIC sample. Immunohistochemical staining for dynein axonemal heavy chain 5 discriminated multiple motile cilia from primary cilia in human FT. Conclusions Primary cilia are widespread on secretory cells in the ampulla, isthmus, and in particular, the fimbriae of the human FT but are significantly reduced in both human and mouse STIC samples. Immunohistochemical staining for ciliary proteins may have clinical utility for early detection of STIC.
Collapse
|
42
|
Hu C, Sun J, Du J, Wen D, Lu H, Zhang H, Xue Y, Zhang A, Yang C, Zeng L, Jiang J. The Hippo-YAP pathway regulates the proliferation of alveolar epithelial progenitors after acute lung injury. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:1174-1183. [PMID: 30632652 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration of pulmonary epithelial cells plays an important role in the recovery of acute lung injury (ALI), which is defined by pulmonary epithelial cell death. However, the mechanism of the regenerative capacity of alveolar epithelial cells is unknown. Using a lung injury mouse model induced by hemorrhagic shock and lipopolysaccharide, a protein mass spectrometry-based high-throughput screening and linage tracing technology to mark alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s), we analyzed the mechanism of alveolar epithelial cells proliferation. We demonstrated that the expression of Hippo-yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) key proteins were highly consistent with the regularity of the proliferation of alveolar epithelial type 2 cells after ALI. Furthermore, the results showed that YAP1+ cells in lung tissue after ALI were mainly Sftpc lineage-labeled AEC2s. An in vitro proliferation assay of AEC2s demonstrated that AEC2 proliferation was significantly inhibited by both YAP1 small interfering RNA and Hippo inhibitor. These findings revealed that YAP functioned as a key regulator to promote AEC2s proliferation, with the Hippo signaling pathway playing a pivotal role in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Traumatic Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jianhui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Traumatic Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Juan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Traumatic Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Dalin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Traumatic Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Hongxiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Traumatic Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Huacai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Traumatic Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yuqi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Traumatic Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Anqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Traumatic Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ce Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Traumatic Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Traumatic Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Traumatic Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
The family of MOBs (monopolar spindle-one-binder proteins) is highly conserved in the eukaryotic kingdom. MOBs represent globular scaffold proteins without any known enzymatic activities. They can act as signal transducers in essential intracellular pathways. MOBs have diverse cancer-associated cellular functions through regulatory interactions with members of the NDR/LATS kinase family. By forming additional complexes with serine/threonine protein kinases of the germinal centre kinase families, other enzymes and scaffolding factors, MOBs appear to be linked to an even broader disease spectrum. Here, we review our current understanding of this emerging protein family, with emphases on post-translational modifications, protein-protein interactions, and cellular processes that are possibly linked to cancer and other diseases. In particular, we summarise the roles of MOBs as core components of the Hippo tissue growth and regeneration pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Gundogdu
- Vocational School of Health Services, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey.
| | - Alexander Hergovich
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhao WB, Lu Q, Nguyen MN, Su Y, Ziemann M, Wang LN, Kiriazis H, Puthalakath H, Sadoshima J, Hu HY, Du XJ. Stimulation of β-adrenoceptors up-regulates cardiac expression of galectin-3 and BIM through the Hippo signalling pathway. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2465-2481. [PMID: 30932177 PMCID: PMC6592853 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Expression of the pro‐fibrotic galectin‐3 and the pro‐apoptotic BIM is elevated in diseased heart or after β‐adrenoceptor stimulation, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This question was addressed in the present study. Experimental Approach Wild‐type mice and mice with cardiac transgenic expression of β2‐adrenoceptors, mammalian sterile‐20 like kinase 1 (Mst1) or dominant‐negative Mst1, and non‐specific galectin‐3 knockout mice were used. Effects of the β‐adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline or β‐adrenoceptor antagonists were studied. Rat cardiomyoblasts (H9c2) were used for mechanistic exploration. Biochemical assays were performed. Key Results Isoprenaline treatment up‐regulated expression of galectin‐3 and BIM, and this was inhibited by non‐selective or selective β‐adrenoceptor antagonists (by 60–70%). Cardiac expression of galectin‐3 and BIM was increased in β2‐adrenoceptor transgenic mice. Isoprenaline‐induced up‐regulation of galectin‐3 and BIM was attenuated by Mst1 inactivation, but isoprenaline‐induced galectin‐3 expression was exaggerated by transgenic Mst1 activation. Pharmacological or genetic activation of β‐adrenoceptors induced Mst1 expression and yes‐associated protein (YAP) phosphorylation. YAP hyper‐phosphorylation was also evident in Mst1 transgenic hearts with up‐regulated expression of galectin‐3 (40‐fold) and BIM as well as up‐regulation of many YAP‐target genes by RNA sequencing. In H9c2 cells, isoprenaline induced YAP phosphorylation and expression of galectin‐3 and BIM, effects simulated by forskolin but abolished by PKA inhibitors, and YAP knockdown induced expression of galectin‐3 and BIM. Conclusions and Implications Stimulation of cardiac β‐adrenoceptors activated the Mst1/Hippo pathway leading to YAP hyper‐phosphorylation with enhanced expression of galectin‐3 and BIM. This signalling pathway would have therapeutic potential. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on Adrenoceptors—New Roles for Old Players. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.14/issuetoc
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bo Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qun Lu
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Hospital and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - My-Nhan Nguyen
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yidan Su
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Ziemann
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Li-Na Wang
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Kiriazis
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hamsa Puthalakath
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Hou-Yuan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Du
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Hospital and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is the key player in various signaling processes, including organ development and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. This pathway comprises a core kinases module and transcriptional activation module, representing a highly conserved mechanism from Drosophila to vertebrates. The central MST1/2-LATS1/2 kinase cascade in this pathway negatively regulates YAP/TAZ transcription co-activators in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Nuclear YAP/TAZ bind to transcription factors to stimulate gene expression, contributing to the regenerative potential and regulation of cell growth and death. Recent studies have also highlighted the potential role of Hippo pathway dysfunctions in the pathology of several diseases. Here, we review the functional characteristics of the Hippo pathway in organ fibrosis and tumorigenesis, and discuss its potential as new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Long Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea.
| | - Sue-Hee Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea.
| | - Jung-Soon Mo
- Genomic Instability Research Center (GIRC), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Oceandy D, Amanda B, Ashari FY, Faizah Z, Azis MA, Stafford N. The Cross-Talk Between the TNF-α and RASSF-Hippo Signalling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092346. [PMID: 31083564 PMCID: PMC6539482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of cell death through apoptosis is essential to a number of physiological processes. Defective apoptosis regulation is associated with many abnormalities including anomalies in organ development, altered immune response and the development of cancer. Several signalling pathways are known to regulate apoptosis including the Tumour Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Hippo signalling pathways. In this paper we review the cross-talk between the TNF-α pathway and the Hippo signalling pathway. Several molecules that tightly regulate the Hippo pathway, such as members of the Ras-association domain family member (RASSF) family proteins, interact and modulate some key proteins within the TNF-α pathway. Meanwhile, TNF-α stimulation also affects the expression and activation of core components of the Hippo pathway. This implies the crucial role of signal integration between these two major pathways in regulating apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delvac Oceandy
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia.
| | - Bella Amanda
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia.
| | - Faisal Yusuf Ashari
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia.
| | - Zakiyatul Faizah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia.
| | - M Aminudin Azis
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia.
| | - Nicholas Stafford
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wingfield JL, Lechtreck KF, Lorentzen E. Trafficking of ciliary membrane proteins by the intraflagellar transport/BBSome machinery. Essays Biochem 2018; 62:753-63. [PMID: 30287585 DOI: 10.1042/EBC20180030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare inherited disease caused by defects in the BBSome, an octameric complex of BBS proteins. The BBSome is conserved in most organisms with cilia, which are microtubule (MT)-based cell organelles that protrude from the cell surface and function in motility and sensing. Cilia assembly, maintenance, and function require intraflagellar transport (IFT), a bidirectional motility of multi-megadalton IFT trains propelled by molecular motors along the ciliary MTs. IFT has been shown to transport structural proteins, including tubulin, into growing cilia. The BBSome is an adapter for the transport of ciliary membrane proteins and cycles through cilia via IFT. While both the loss and the abnormal accumulation of ciliary membrane proteins have been observed in bbs mutants, recent data converge on a model where the BBSome mainly functions as a cargo adapter for the removal of certain transmembrane and peripheral membrane proteins from cilia. Here, we review recent data on the ultrastructure of the BBSome and how the BBSome recognizes its cargoes and mediates their removal from cilia.
Collapse
|
48
|
Li S, Liu S, Chen W, Yuan Y, Gu R, Song Y, Li J, Cao Y, Lin Y, Xu J, Wang H, Ma D, Ma X, Sheng W, Huang G. A novel ZIC3 gene mutation identified in patients with heterotaxy and congenital heart disease. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12386. [PMID: 30120289 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30204-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotaxy syndrome (HTX) is characterized by left-right (LR) asymmetry disturbances associated with severe heart malformations. However, the exact genetic cause of HTX pathogenesis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathogenic mechanism underlying heterotaxy syndrome. Targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed for twenty-two candidate genes correlated with LR axis development in sixty-six HTX patients from unrelated families. Variants were filtered from databases and predicted in silico using prediction programs. A total of twenty-one potential disease-causing variants were identified in seven genes. Next, we used Sanger sequencing to confirm the identified variants in the family pedigree and found a novel hemizygous mutation (c.890G > T, p.C297F) in the ZIC3 gene in a male patient that was inherited from his mother, who was a carrier. The results of functional indicated that this ZIC3 mutation decreases transcriptional activity, affects the affinity of the GLI-binding site and results in aberrant cellular localization in transfected cells. Moreover, morpholino-knockdown experiments in zebrafish demonstrated that zic3 mutant mRNA failed to rescue the abnormal phenotype, suggesting a role for the novel ZIC3 mutation in heterotaxy syndrome.
Collapse
|
49
|
Morthorst SK, Christensen ST, Pedersen LB. Regulation of ciliary membrane protein trafficking and signalling by kinesin motor proteins. FEBS J 2018; 285:4535-4564. [PMID: 29894023 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Primary cilia are antenna-like sensory organelles that regulate a substantial number of cellular signalling pathways in vertebrates, both during embryonic development as well as in adulthood, and mutations in genes coding for ciliary proteins are causative of an expanding group of pleiotropic diseases known as ciliopathies. Cilia consist of a microtubule-based axoneme core, which is subtended by a basal body and covered by a bilayer lipid membrane of unique protein and lipid composition. Cilia are dynamic organelles, and the ability of cells to regulate ciliary protein and lipid content in response to specific cellular and environmental cues is crucial for balancing ciliary signalling output. Here we discuss mechanisms involved in regulation of ciliary membrane protein trafficking and signalling, with main focus on kinesin-2 and kinesin-3 family members.
Collapse
|
50
|
Forbes TA, Howden SE, Lawlor K, Phipson B, Maksimovic J, Hale L, Wilson S, Quinlan C, Ho G, Holman K, Bennetts B, Crawford J, Trnka P, Oshlack A, Patel C, Mallett A, Simons C, Little MH. Patient-iPSC-Derived Kidney Organoids Show Functional Validation of a Ciliopathic Renal Phenotype and Reveal Underlying Pathogenetic Mechanisms. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:816-831. [PMID: 29706353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing diagnostic rate of genomic sequencing, the genetic basis of more than 50% of heritable kidney disease remains unresolved. Kidney organoids differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) of individuals affected by inherited renal disease represent a potential, but unvalidated, platform for the functional validation of novel gene variants and investigation of underlying pathogenetic mechanisms. In this study, trio whole-exome sequencing of a prospectively identified nephronophthisis (NPHP) proband and her parents identified compound-heterozygous variants in IFT140, a gene previously associated with NPHP-related ciliopathies. IFT140 plays a key role in retrograde intraflagellar transport, but the precise downstream cellular mechanisms responsible for disease presentation remain unknown. A one-step reprogramming and gene-editing protocol was used to derive both uncorrected proband iPSCs and isogenic gene-corrected iPSCs, which were differentiated to kidney organoids. Proband organoid tubules demonstrated shortened, club-shaped primary cilia, whereas gene correction rescued this phenotype. Differential expression analysis of epithelial cells isolated from organoids suggested downregulation of genes associated with apicobasal polarity, cell-cell junctions, and dynein motor assembly in proband epithelial cells. Matrigel cyst cultures confirmed a polarization defect in proband versus gene-corrected renal epithelium. As such, this study represents a "proof of concept" for using proband-derived iPSCs to model renal disease and illustrates dysfunctional cellular pathways beyond the primary cilium in the setting of IFT140 mutations, which are established for other NPHP genotypes.
Collapse
|