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Ye H, Wang K, Ma J, Cui S, Guo J, Yang K, Lyu L. SALVIANOLIC ACID A ATTENUATES ANGIOTENSIN II-INDUCED CARDIAC FIBROSIS THROUGH REGULATING THE TXNIP SIGNALING PATHWAY. Shock 2024; 61:748-757. [PMID: 38662612 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cardiac fibrosis, characterized by excessive collagen accumulation in heart tissues, poses a significant clinical challenge in various heart diseases and complications. Although salvianolic acid A (Sal A) from Danshen ( Salvia miltiorrhiza ) has shown promise in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and atherosclerosis, its effects on cardiac fibrosis remain unexplored. Our study investigated the efficacy of Sal A in reducing cardiac fibrosis and elucidated its underlying molecular mechanisms. We observed that Sal A demonstrated significant cardioprotective effects against Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac remodeling and fibrosis, showing a dose-dependent reduction in fibrosis in mice and suppression of cardiac fibroblast proliferation and fibrotic protein expression in vitro . RNA sequencing revealed that Sal A counteracted Ang II-induced upregulation of Txnip, and subsequent experiments indicated that it acts through the inflammasome and ROS pathways. These findings establish the antifibrotic effects of Sal A, notably attenuated by Txnip overexpression, and highlight its significant role in modulating inflammation and oxidative stress pathways. This underscores the importance of further research on Sal A and similar compounds, especially regarding their effects on inflammation and oxidative stress, which are key factors in various cardiovascular diseases.
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Hoque MM, Gbadegoye JO, Hassan FO, Raafat A, Lebeche D. Cardiac fibrogenesis: an immuno-metabolic perspective. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1336551. [PMID: 38577624 PMCID: PMC10993884 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1336551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a major and complex pathophysiological process that ultimately culminates in cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. This phenomenon includes not only the replacement of the damaged tissue by a fibrotic scar produced by activated fibroblasts/myofibroblasts but also a spatiotemporal alteration of the structural, biochemical, and biomechanical parameters in the ventricular wall, eliciting a reactive remodeling process. Though mechanical stress, post-infarct homeostatic imbalances, and neurohormonal activation are classically attributed to cardiac fibrosis, emerging evidence that supports the roles of immune system modulation, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation in the initiation and progression of cardiac fibrogenesis has been reported. Adaptive changes, immune cell phenoconversions, and metabolic shifts in the cardiac nonmyocyte population provide initial protection, but persistent altered metabolic demand eventually contributes to adverse remodeling of the heart. Altered energy metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, various immune cells, immune mediators, and cross-talks between the immune cells and cardiomyocytes play crucial roles in orchestrating the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts and ensuing fibrotic remodeling of the heart. Manipulation of the metabolic plasticity, fibroblast-myofibroblast transition, and modulation of the immune response may hold promise for favorably modulating the fibrotic response following different cardiovascular pathological processes. Although the immunologic and metabolic perspectives of fibrosis in the heart are being reported in the literature, they lack a comprehensive sketch bridging these two arenas and illustrating the synchrony between them. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationship between different cardiac immune cells and metabolic pathways as well as summarizes the current understanding of the involvement of immune-metabolic pathways in cardiac fibrosis and attempts to identify some of the previously unaddressed questions that require further investigation. Moreover, the potential therapeutic strategies and emerging pharmacological interventions, including immune and metabolic modulators, that show promise in preventing or attenuating cardiac fibrosis and restoring cardiac function will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Monirul Hoque
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Joy Olaoluwa Gbadegoye
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Fasilat Oluwakemi Hassan
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Amr Raafat
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Djamel Lebeche
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Medicine-Cardiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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Yuan Y, Niu Y, Ye J, Xu Y, He X, Chen S. Identification of diagnostic model in heart failure with myocardial fibrosis and conduction block by integrated gene co-expression network analysis. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:52. [PMID: 38355637 PMCID: PMC10868111 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01814-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the advancements in heart failure(HF) research, the early diagnosis of HF continues to be a challenging issue in clinical practice. This study aims to investigate the genes related to myocardial fibrosis and conduction block, with the goal of developing a diagnostic model for early treatment of HF in patients. METHOD The gene expression profiles of GSE57345, GSE16499, and GSE9128 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After merging the expression profile data and adjusting for batch effects, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with conduction block and myocardial fibrosis were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) resources, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) resources, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were utilized for functional enrichment analysis. A protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed using a string database. Potential key genes were selected based on the bioinformatics information mentioned above. SVM and LASSO were employed to identify hub genes and construct the module associated with HF. The mRNA levels of TAC mice and external datasets (GSE141910 and GSE59867) are utilized for validating the diagnostic model. Additionally, the study explores the relationship between the diagnostic model and immune cell infiltration. RESULTS A total of 395 genes exhibiting differential expression were identified. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these specific genes primarily participate in biological processes and pathways associated with the constituents of the extracellular matrix (ECM), immune system processes, and inflammatory responses. We identified a diagnostic model consisting of 16 hub genes, and its predictive performance was validated using external data sets and a transverse aortic coarctation (TAC) mouse model. In addition, we observed significant differences in mRNA expression of 7 genes in the TAC mouse model. Interestingly, our study also unveiled a correlation between these model genes and immune cell infiltration. CONCLUSIONS We identified sixteen key genes associated with myocardial fibrosis and conduction block, as well as diagnostic models for heart failure. Our findings have significant implications for the intensive management of individuals with potential genetic variants associated with heart failure, especially in the context of advancing cell-targeted therapy for myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Yuan
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiwei Niu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong university, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Ye
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong university, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuejuan Xu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong university, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehua He
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Sun Chen
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong university, Shanghai, China.
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Jensen CH, Johnsen RH, Eskildsen T, Baun C, Ellman DG, Fang S, Bak ST, Hvidsten S, Larsen LA, Rosager AM, Riber LP, Schneider M, De Mey J, Thomassen M, Burton M, Uchida S, Laborda J, Andersen DC. Pericardial delta like non-canonical NOTCH ligand 1 (Dlk1) augments fibrosis in the heart through epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1565. [PMID: 38328889 PMCID: PMC10851088 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure due to myocardial infarction (MI) involves fibrosis driven by epicardium-derived cells (EPDCs) and cardiac fibroblasts, but strategies to inhibit and provide cardio-protection remains poor. The imprinted gene, non-canonical NOTCH ligand 1 (Dlk1), has previously been shown to mediate fibrosis in the skin, lung and liver, but very little is known on its effect in the heart. METHODS Herein, human pericardial fluid/plasma and tissue biopsies were assessed for DLK1, whereas the spatiotemporal expression of Dlk1 was determined in mouse hearts. The Dlk1 heart phenotype in normal and MI hearts was assessed in transgenic mice either lacking or overexpressing Dlk1. Finally, in/ex vivo cell studies provided knowledge on the molecular mechanism. RESULTS Dlk1 was demonstrated in non-myocytes of the developing human myocardium but exhibited a restricted pericardial expression in adulthood. Soluble DLK1 was twofold higher in pericardial fluid (median 45.7 [34.7 (IQR)) μg/L] from cardiovascular patients (n = 127) than in plasma (median 26.1 μg/L [11.1 (IQR)]. The spatial and temporal expression pattern of Dlk1 was recapitulated in mouse and rat hearts. Similar to humans lacking Dlk1, adult Dlk1-/- mice exhibited a relatively mild developmental, although consistent cardiac phenotype with some abnormalities in heart size, shape, thorax orientation and non-myocyte number, but were functionally normal. However, after MI, scar size was substantially reduced in Dlk1-/- hearts as compared with Dlk1+/+ littermates. In line, high levels of Dlk1 in transgenic mice Dlk1fl/fl xWT1GFPCre and Dlk1fl/fl xαMHCCre/+Tam increased scar size following MI. Further mechanistic and cellular insight demonstrated that pericardial Dlk1 mediates cardiac fibrosis through epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the EPDC lineage by maintaining Integrin β8 (Itgb8), a major activator of transforming growth factor β and EMT. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that pericardial Dlk1 embraces a, so far, unnoticed role in the heart augmenting cardiac fibrosis through EMT. Monitoring DLK1 levels as well as targeting pericardial DLK1 may thus offer new venues for cardio-protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Harken Jensen
- Andersen Group, Department of Clinical BiochemistryOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Clinical Institute, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Rikke Helin Johnsen
- Andersen Group, Department of Clinical BiochemistryOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Clinical Institute, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Tilde Eskildsen
- Andersen Group, Department of Clinical BiochemistryOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal ResearchInstitute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Christina Baun
- Department of Nuclear MedicineOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
| | - Ditte Gry Ellman
- Andersen Group, Department of Clinical BiochemistryOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Clinical Institute, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Shu Fang
- Andersen Group, Department of Clinical BiochemistryOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Clinical Institute, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Sara Thornby Bak
- Andersen Group, Department of Clinical BiochemistryOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Clinical Institute, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Svend Hvidsten
- Department of Nuclear MedicineOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
| | - Lars Allan Larsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Ann Mari Rosager
- Department of Clinical PathologySydvestjysk HospitalEsbjergDenmark
| | - Lars Peter Riber
- Clinical Institute, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular SurgeryOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
| | - Mikael Schneider
- Andersen Group, Department of Clinical BiochemistryOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Clinical Institute, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal ResearchInstitute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Jo De Mey
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal ResearchInstitute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Clinical Institute, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
- Department of Clinical GeneticsOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
| | - Mark Burton
- Clinical Institute, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
- Department of Clinical GeneticsOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Center for RNA MedicineDepartment of Clinical MedicineAalborg UniversityCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jorge Laborda
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of Castilla‐La Mancha Medical SchoolAlbaceteSpain
| | - Ditte Caroline Andersen
- Andersen Group, Department of Clinical BiochemistryOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Clinical Institute, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal ResearchInstitute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
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Lin D, Luo C, Wei P, Zhang A, Zhang M, Wu X, Deng B, Li Z, Cui K, Chen Z. YAP1 Recognizes Inflammatory and Mechanical Cues to Exacerbate Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia via Promoting Cell Survival and Fibrosis. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2304274. [PMID: 38050650 PMCID: PMC10837380 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic prostatic inflammation promotes cell survival and fibrosis, leading to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with aggravated urinary symptoms. It is investigated whether yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), an organ size controller and mechanical transductor, is implicated in inflammation-induced BPH. The correlation between YAP1 expression and fibrosis in human and rat BPH specimens is analyzed. Furthermore, the effects of YAP1 activation on prostatic cell survival and fibrosis, as well as the underlying mechanism, are also studied. As a result, total and nuclear YAP1 expression, along with downstream genes are significantly upregulated in inflammation-associated human and rat specimens. There is a significant positive correlation between YAP1 expression and the severity of fibrosis or clinical performance. YAP1 silencing suppresses cell survival by decreasing cell proliferation and increasing apoptosis, and alleviates fibrosis by reversing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in prostatic BPH-1 and WPMY-1 cells. Mechanistically, inflammatory stimulus and rigid matrix stiffness synergistically activate the RhoA/ROCK1 pathway to provoke cytoskeleton remodeling, thereby promoting YAP1 activation to exacerbate BPH development. Overall, inflammation-triggered mechanical stiffness reinforcement activates the RhoA/ROCK1/F-actin/YAP1 axis, thereby promoting prostatic cell survival and fibrosis to accelerate BPH progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Lin
- Department and Institute of UrologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China
| | - Changcheng Luo
- Department and Institute of UrologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China
| | - Pengyu Wei
- Department and Institute of UrologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China
| | - An Zhang
- Department of GeriatricsTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China
| | - Mengyang Zhang
- Department of RehabilitationTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China
| | - Xiaoliang Wu
- Department and Institute of UrologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China
| | - Bolang Deng
- Department and Institute of UrologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Department and Institute of UrologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China
| | - Kai Cui
- Department and Institute of UrologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department and Institute of UrologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China
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Mao Q, Zhang X, Yang J, Kong Q, Cheng H, Yu W, Cao X, Li Y, Li C, Liu L, Ding Z. HSPA12A acts as a scaffolding protein to inhibit cardiac fibroblast activation and cardiac fibrosis. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00025-0. [PMID: 38219869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiac fibrosis is the main driver for adverse remodeling and progressive functional decline in nearly all types of heart disease including myocardial infarction (MI). The activation of cardiac fibroblasts (CF) into myofibroblasts is responsible for cardiac fibrosis. Unfortunately, no ideal approach for controlling CF activation currently exists. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the role of Heat shock protein A12A (HSPA12A), an atypical member of the HSP70 family, in CF activation and MI-induced cardiac fibrosis. METHODS Primary CF and Hspa12a knockout mice were used in the experiments. CF activation was indicated by the upregulation of myofibroblast characters including alpha-Smooth muscle actin (αSMA), Collagen, and Fibronectin. Cardiac fibrosis was illustrated by Masson's trichrome and picrosirius staining. Cardiac function was examined using echocardiography. Glycolytic activity was indicated by levels of extracellular lactate and the related protein expression. Protein stability was examined following cycloheximide and MG132 treatment. Protein-protein interaction was examined by immunoprecipitation-immunoblotting analysis. RESULTS HSPA12A displayed a high expression level in quiescent CF but showed a decreased expression in activated CF, while ablation of HSPA12A in mice promoted CF activation and cardiac fibrosis following MI. HSPA12A overexpression inhibited the activation of primary CF through inhibiting glycolysis, while HSPA12A knockdown showed the opposite effects. Moreover, HSPA12A upregulated the protein expression of transcription factor p53, by which mediated the HSPA12A-induced inhibition of glycolysis and CF activation. Mechanistically, this action of HSPA12A was achieved by acting as a scaffolding protein to bind p53 and ubiquitin specific protease 10 (USP10), thereby promoting the USP10-mediated p53 protein stability and the p53-medicated glycolysis inhibition. CONCLUSION The present study provided clear evidence that HSPA12A is a novel endogenous inhibitor of CF activation and cardiac fibrosis. Targeting HSPA12A in CF could represent a promising strategy for the management of cardiac fibrosis in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jinna Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qiuyue Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wansu Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaofei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Chuanfu Li
- Departments of Surgery, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Zhengnian Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Zeng N, Jian Z, Xu J, Zheng S, Fan Y, Xiao F. DLK1 overexpression improves sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis in mice through the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway and MMPs. J Mol Histol 2023; 54:655-664. [PMID: 37759133 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-023-10161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a serious inflammatory disease caused by bacterial infection. Cardiovascular dysfunction and remodeling are serious complications of sepsis, which can significantly affect sepsis patients' mortality. Delta-like homologue 1 (DLK1) has been reported could inhibit cardiac myofibroblast differentiation. However, the function of DLK1 in sepsis is unknown. In the present study, the DLK1 expression was first identified based on the online dataset GSE79962 analysis and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis mouse model. DLK1 expression was significantly reduced in septic heart tissues. In septic mouse heart, CLP operation decreased the fractional shortening (EF) (%) and ejection fraction (FS) (%) and caused significant edema, disordered myofilament arrangement, and degradation and necrosis in myocardial cells; CLP operation also increased collagen deposition and elevated the protein levels of fibrotic markers (α-SMA and F-actin). DLK1 overexpression in septic mice could effectively increase EF (%) and FS (%), attenuate CLP-caused ECM degradation and deposition and partially inhibit the CLP-induced TGF-β1/Smad signaling activation. In conclusion, DLK1 expression was poorly expressed in the CLP-induced septic mouse heart. DLK1 overexpression partially alleviated sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis, with the involvement of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway and MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Zaijin Jian
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Junmei Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Sijia Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yongmei Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
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Yang C, Lu C, Pan J, Zhao C, Chen Z, Qin F, Wen J, Wei W, Lei L. The role of iTr35 cells in the inflammatory response and fibrosis progression of systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:3439-3447. [PMID: 36734529 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of induced immunosuppressive T regulatory (iTr) 35 cells in SSc-related inflammation and fibrosis. METHODS Sixty-eight SSc patients were enrolled in this study. Subsets of iTr35 and Tr1 were measured by flow cytometry. IL-35 and IL-10 levels were measured using ELISA. Expressions of iTr35, Tr1, fibrosis-related genes and proteins associated with signalling pathways were determined using immunofluorescence, western blot and immunohistochemistry assays. RESULTS In peripheral blood, the proportions of the iTr35 cells were higher and Tr1 cells were lower than the control group. Similarly, IL-35 expression was increased, while IL-10 levels were decreased. In fibroblasts from skin tissue, the expression levels of EBI3, IL-12Ap35, Foxp3 and IL-10 were decreased, but collagen I, TGF-β, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin levels were increased. Phosphorylated STAT3/6 were increased, but iTr35 and Tr1 cell levels were significantly decreased. When CD4+ cells were incubated with both recombinant human (rh)IL-35 and rhIL-10, the cell numbers of iTr35 and Tr1 were greater than the same type of cells treated with rhIL-35 or rhIL-10 alone. However, the viability of conventional CD4+ T cells was decreased by gradually increasing iTr35 cells. Moreover, iTr35 cells affected α-SMA expression through the STAT3/6 signalling pathway. CONCLUSION Both iTr35 and Tr1 cells are involved in SSc-related inflammation and fibrosis. IL-35 can induce iTr35 cells, showing a synergistic effect with IL-10. We also found that iTr35 cells can inhibit T cell proliferation and differentiation via the STAT3/6 signalling pathway, thereby causing fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Yang
- The Department of Rheumatology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Chunxiu Lu
- The Department of Rheumatology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Jie Pan
- The Department of Rheumatology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- The Department of Rheumatology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Zhanrui Chen
- The Department of Rheumatology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Fang Qin
- The Department of Rheumatology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Jing Wen
- The Department of Rheumatology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Wanling Wei
- The Department of Rheumatology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Ling Lei
- The Department of Rheumatology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
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Lv H, Sun H, Wang L, Yao S, Liu D, Zhang X, Pei Z, Zhou J, Wang H, Dai J, Yan G, Ding L, Wang Z, Cao C, Zhao G, Hu Y. Targeting CD301 + macrophages inhibits endometrial fibrosis and improves pregnancy outcome. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17601. [PMID: 37519221 PMCID: PMC10493587 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202317601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are a key and heterogeneous cell population involved in endometrial repair and regeneration during the menstrual cycle, but their role in the development of intrauterine adhesion (IUA) and sequential endometrial fibrosis remains unclear. Here, we reported that CD301+ macrophages were significantly increased and showed their most active interaction with profibrotic cells in the endometria of IUA patients compared with the normal endometria by single-cell RNA sequencing, bulk RNA sequencing, and experimental verification. Increasing CD301+ macrophages promoted the differentiation of endometrial stromal cells into myofibroblasts and resulted in extracellular matrix accumulation, which destroyed the physiological architecture of endometrial tissue, drove endometrial fibrosis, and ultimately led to female infertility or adverse pregnancy outcomes. Mechanistically, CD301+ macrophages secreted GAS6 to activate the AXL/NF-κB pathway, upregulating the profibrotic protein synthesis. Targeted deletion of CD301+ macrophages or inhibition of AXL by Bemcentinib blunted the pathology and improved the outcomes of pregnancy in mice, supporting the therapeutic potential of targeting CD301+ macrophages for treating endometrial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Simin Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhongrui Pei
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Jianjun Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Huiyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jianwu Dai
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Guijun Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Lijun Ding
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhiyin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Chenrui Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Guangfeng Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yali Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
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10
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Majid A, Hassan FO, Hoque MM, Gbadegoye JO, Lebeche D. Bioactive Compounds and Cardiac Fibrosis: Current Insight and Future Prospect. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:313. [PMID: 37504569 PMCID: PMC10380727 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10070313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a pathological condition characterized by excessive deposition of collagen and other extracellular matrix components in the heart. It is recognized as a major contributor to the development and progression of heart failure. Despite significant research efforts in characterizing and identifying key molecular mechanisms associated with myocardial fibrosis, effective treatment for this condition is still out of sight. In this regard, bioactive compounds have emerged as potential therapeutic antifibrotic agents due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. These compounds exhibit the ability to modulate fibrogenic processes by inhibiting the production of extracellular matrix proteins involved in fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation, or by promoting their breakdown. Extensive investigation of these bioactive compounds offers new possibilities for preventing or reducing cardiac fibrosis and its detrimental consequences. This comprehensive review aims to provide a thorough overview of the mechanisms underlying cardiac fibrosis, address the limitations of current treatment strategies, and specifically explore the potential of bioactive compounds as therapeutic interventions for the treatment and/or prevention of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Majid
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Translational Research Building, Room 318H, 71 S. Manassas, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Fasilat Oluwakemi Hassan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Translational Research Building, Room 318H, 71 S. Manassas, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Md Monirul Hoque
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Translational Research Building, Room 318H, 71 S. Manassas, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Joy Olaoluwa Gbadegoye
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Translational Research Building, Room 318H, 71 S. Manassas, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Djamel Lebeche
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Translational Research Building, Room 318H, 71 S. Manassas, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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11
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Yang Q, Zong X, Zhuang L, Pan R, Tudi X, Fan Q, Tao R. PFKFB3 Inhibitor 3PO Reduces Cardiac Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction by Regulating the TGF-β1/SMAD2/3 Pathway. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1072. [PMID: 37509108 PMCID: PMC10377206 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Adverse cardiac remodeling, including cardiac fibrosis, after myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of long-term heart failure. 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), an enzyme that regulates glucose metabolism, also plays an important role in various fibrotic and cardiovascular diseases. However, its effects on MI remain unknown. Here, PFKFB3 inhibitor 3-(3-pyridinyl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-one (3PO) and a permanent left anterior descending ligation mouse model were used to explore the functional role of PFKFB3 in MI. We showed that PFKFB3 expression increased significantly in the area of cardiac infarction during the early phase after MI, peaking on day 3. 3PO treatment markedly improved cardiac function, accompanied by decreased infarction size and collagen density in the infarct area. Meanwhile, 3PO attenuated cardiac fibrosis after MI by reducing the expression of collagen and fibronectin in murine hearts. Notably, 3PO reduced PFKFB3 expression and inhibited the transforming growth factor-beta 1/mothers against the decapentaplegic homolog 2/3 (TGF-β1/SMAD2/3) signaling pathway to inhibit cardiac fibrosis after MI. Moreover, PFKFB3 expression in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts (NRCFs) increased significantly after MI and under hypoxia, whereas 3PO alleviated the migratory capacity and activation of NRCFs induced by TGF-β1. In conclusion, 3PO effectively reduced fibrosis and improved adverse cardiac remodeling after MI, suggesting PFKFB3 inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy to reduce the incidence of chronic heart failure following MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Institution of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao Zong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Institution of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lingfang Zhuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Institution of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Roubai Pan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xierenayi Tudi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Institution of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qin Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Rong Tao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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12
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González-Herrera F, Catalán M, Anfossi R, Maya JD, Pedrozo Z, Díaz-Araya G, Vivar R. SGK1 is necessary to FoxO3a negative regulation, oxidative stress and cardiac fibroblast activation induced by TGF-β1. Cell Signal 2023; 109:110778. [PMID: 37343898 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) activation is a common response to most pathological conditions affecting the heart, characterized by increased cellular secretory capacity and increased expression of fibrotic markers, such as collagen I and smooth muscle actin type alpha (α-SMA). Fibrotic activation of CFs induces the increase in tissue protein content, with the consequent tissue stiffness, diastolic dysfunction, and heart failure. Therefore, the search for new mechanisms of CFs activation is important to find novel treatments for cardiac diseases characterized by fibrosis. In this regard, TGF-β1, a cytokine with proinflammatory and fibrotic properties, is crucial in the CFs activation and the development of fibrotic diseases, whereas its molecular targets are not completely known. Serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (SGK1) is a protein involved in various pathophysiological phenomena, especially cardiac and renal diseases that curse with fibrosis. Additionally, SGK1 phosphorylates and regulates the activity and expression of several targets, highlighting FoxO3a for its role in the regulation of oxidative stress and CFs activation induced by TGF-β1. However, the regulation of SGK1 by TGF-β1 and its role in CFs activation have not been studied. In this work, we evaluate the role of SGK1 in CFs isolated from neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats. The participation of SGK1 in the fibrotic activation of CFs induced by TGF-β1 was analyzed, using an inhibitor or siRNA of SGK1. In addition, the role of SGK1 on the regulation of FoxO3a and oxidative stress induced by TGF-β1 was analyzed. Our results indicate that TGF-β1 increased both the activity and expression of SGK1 in CFs, requiring the activation of MAPKs, ERK1/2, p38 and JNK, while inhibition and silencing of SGK1 prevented TGF-β1-induced fibrotic activation of CFs. In addition, SGK1 inhibition prevented FoxO3a inactivation and expression reduction, catalase and SOD2 expression decrease, and the increase of oxidative stress induced by TGF-β1. Taken together, our results position SGK1 as an important regulator of CFs activation driven by TGF-β1, at least in part, through the regulation of FoxO3a and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola González-Herrera
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mabel Catalán
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Renatto Anfossi
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Diego Maya
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Zully Pedrozo
- Physiology and Biophysical Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo Díaz-Araya
- Department of Pharmacological & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Raúl Vivar
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Pharmacological & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Zhu D, Liu S, Huang K, Li J, Mei X, Li Z, Cheng K. Intrapericardial long non-coding RNA-Tcf21 antisense RNA inducing demethylation administration promotes cardiac repair. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:1748-1760. [PMID: 36916305 PMCID: PMC10411945 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Epicardium and epicardium-derived cells are critical players in myocardial fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been studied for cardiac repair to improve cardiac remodelling, but the actual mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanisms of EV therapy for improving cardiac remodelling and develop a promising treatment addressing myocardial fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Extracellular vesicles were intrapericardially injected for mice myocardial infarction treatment. RNA-seq, in vitro gain- and loss-of-function experiments, and in vivo studies were performed to identify targets that can be used for myocardial fibrosis treatment. Afterward, a lipid nanoparticle-based long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) therapy was prepared for mouse and porcine models of myocardial infarction treatment. Intrapericardial injection of EVs improved adverse myocardial remodelling in mouse models of myocardial infarction. Mechanistically, Tcf21 was identified as a potential target to improve cardiac remodelling. Loss of Tcf21 function in epicardium-derived cells caused increased myofibroblast differentiation, whereas forced Tcf21 overexpression suppressed transforming growth factor-β signalling and myofibroblast differentiation. LncRNA-Tcf21 antisense RNA inducing demethylation (TARID) that enriched in EVs was identified to up-regulate Tcf21 expression. Formulated lncRNA-TARID-laden lipid nanoparticles up-regulated Tcf21 expression in epicardium-derived cells and improved cardiac function and histology in mouse and porcine models of myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION This study identified Tcf21 as a critical target for improving cardiac fibrosis. Up-regulating Tcf21 by using lncRNA-TARID-laden lipid nanoparticles could be a promising way to treat myocardial fibrosis. This study established novel mechanisms underlying EV therapy for improving adverse remodelling and proposed a lncRNA therapy for cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dashuai Zhu
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University & University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Shuo Liu
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University & University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Ke Huang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University & University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Junlang Li
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University & University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Xuan Mei
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University & University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University & University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Ke Cheng
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University & University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1001 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
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Xu R, Wu M, Wang Y, Li C, Zeng L, Wang Y, Xiao M, Chen X, Geng S, Lai P, Du X, Weng J. Mesenchymal stem cells reversibly de-differentiate myofibroblasts to fibroblast-like cells by inhibiting the TGF-β-SMAD2/3 pathway. Mol Med 2023; 29:59. [PMID: 37098464 PMCID: PMC10131436 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00630-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myofibroblasts (MFB), one of the major effectors of pathologic fibrosis, mainly derived from the activation of fibroblast to myofibroblast transition (FMT). Although MFBs were historically considered terminally differentiated cells, their potential for de-differentiation was recently recognized and implied with therapeutic value in treating fibrotic diseases, for instance, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation bronchiolitis obliterans (BO). During the past decade, several methods were reported to block or reverse MFB differentiation, among which mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have demonstrated potential but undetermined therapeutic values. However, the MSC-mediated regulation of FMT and underlying mechanisms remained largely undefined. METHOD By identifying TGF-β1 hypertension as the pivotal landmark during the pro-fibrotic FMT, TGF-β1-induced MFB and MSC co-culture models were established and utilized to investigate regulations by MSC on FMT in vitro. Methods including RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), Western blot, qPCR and flow cytometry were used. RESULT Our data revealed that TGF-β1 readily induced invasive signatures identified in fibrotic tissues and initiated MFB differentiation in normal FB. MSC reversibly de-differentiated MFB into a group of FB-like cells by selectively inhibiting the TGF-β-SMAD2/3 signaling. Importantly, these proliferation-boosted FB-like cells remained sensitive to TGF-β1 and could be re-induced into MFB. CONCLUSION Our findings highlighted the reversibility of MSC-mediated de-differentiation of MFB through TGF-β-SMAD2/3 signaling, which may explain MSC's inconsistent clinical efficacies in treating BO and other fibrotic diseases. These de-differentiated FB-like cells are still sensitive to TGF-β1 and may further deteriorate MFB phenotypes unless the pro-fibrotic microenvironment is corrected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohao Xu
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Wu
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingji Zeng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulian Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Maozhi Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Suxia Geng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Peilong Lai
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianyu Weng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Li J, Liu W, Peng F, Cao X, Xie X, Peng C. The multifaceted biology of lncR-Meg3 in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Front Genet 2023; 14:1132884. [PMID: 36968595 PMCID: PMC10036404 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1132884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardio-cerebrovascular disease, related to high mortality and morbidity worldwide, is a type of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular dysfunction involved in various processes. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct additional research into the pathogenesis and new therapeutic targets of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have multiple functions and are involved in nearly all cellular biological processes, including translation, transcription, signal transduction, and cell cycle control. LncR-Meg3 is one of them and is becoming increasingly popular. By binding proteins or directly or competitively binding miRNAs, LncR-Meg3 is involved in apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and other processes. Recent research has shown that LncR-Meg3 is associated with acute myocardial infarction and can be used to diagnose this condition. This article examines the current state of knowledge regarding the expression and regulatory function of LncR-Meg3 in relation to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The abnormal expression of LncR-Meg3 can influence neuronal cell death, inflammation, apoptosis, smooth muscle cell proliferation, etc., thereby aggravating or promoting the disease. In addition, we review the bioactive components that target lncR-Meg3 and propose some potential delivery vectors. A comprehensive and in-depth analysis of LncR-Meg3’s role in cardiovascular disease suggests that targeting LncR-Meg3 may be an alternative therapy in the near future, providing new options for slowing the progression of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of standardization of Chinese herbal medicine of MOE, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of standardization of Chinese herbal medicine of MOE, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of standardization of Chinese herbal medicine of MOE, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fu Peng, ; Xiaofang Xie, ; Cheng Peng,
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of standardization of Chinese herbal medicine of MOE, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of standardization of Chinese herbal medicine of MOE, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fu Peng, ; Xiaofang Xie, ; Cheng Peng,
| | - Cheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of standardization of Chinese herbal medicine of MOE, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fu Peng, ; Xiaofang Xie, ; Cheng Peng,
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16
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Sun J, Wang R, Chao T, Peng J, Wang C, Chen K. Ginsenoside Re inhibits myocardial fibrosis by regulating miR-489/myd88/NF-κB pathway. J Ginseng Res 2023; 47:218-27. [PMID: 36926602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is an advanced pathological manifestation of many cardiovascular diseases, which can induce heart failure and malignant arrhythmias. However, the current treatment of MF lacks specific drugs. Ginsenoside Re has anti-MF effect in rat, but its mechanism is still not clear. Therefore, we investigated the anti-MF effect of ginsenoside Re by constructing mouse acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model and AngⅡ induced cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) model. Methods The anti-MF effect of miR-489 was investigated by transfection of miR-489 mimic and inhibitor in CFs. Effect of ginsenoside Re on MF and its related mechanisms were investigated by ultrasonographic, ELISA, histopathologic staining, transwell test, immunofluorescence, Western blot and qPCR in the mouse model of AMI and the AngⅡ-induced CFs model. Results MiR-489 decreased the expression of α-SMA, collagenⅠ, collagen Ⅲ and myd88, and inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in normal CFs and CFs treated with AngⅡ. Ginsenoside Re could improve cardiac function, inhibit collagen deposition and CFs migration, promote the transcription of miR-489, and reduce the expression of myd88 and the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. Conclusion MiR-489 can effectively inhibit the pathological process of MF, and the mechanism is at least partly related to the regulation of myd88/NF-κB pathway. Ginsenoside Re can ameliorate AMI and AngⅡ induced MF, and the mechanism is at least partially related to the regulation of miR-489/myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, miR-489 may be a potential target of anti-MF and ginsenoside Re may be an effective drug for the treatment of MF.
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Ma CX, Wei ZR, Sun T, Yang MH, Sun YQ, Kai KL, Shi JC, Zhou MJ, Wang ZW, Chen J, Li W, Wang TQ, Zhang SF, Xue L, Zhang M, Yin Q, Zang MX. Circ-sh3rf3/GATA-4/miR-29a regulatory axis in fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation and myocardial fibrosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:50. [PMID: 36694058 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04699-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The transdifferentiation from cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is an important event in the initiation of cardiac fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Circ-sh3rf3 (circular RNA SH3 domain containing Ring Finger 3) is a novel circular RNA which was induced in hypertrophied ventricles by isoproterenol hydrochloride, and our work has established that it is a potential regulator in cardiac hypertrophy, but whether circ-sh3rf3 plays a role in cardiac fibrosis remains unclear, especially in the conversion of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. Here, we found that circ-sh3rf3 was down-regulated in isoproterenol-treated rat cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes as well as during fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts. We further confirmed that circ-sh3rf3 could interact with GATA-4 proteins and reduce the expression of GATA-4, which in turn abolishes GATA-4 repression of miR-29a expression and thus up-regulates miR-29a expression, thereby inhibiting fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation and myocardial fibrosis. Our work has established a novel Circ-sh3rf3/GATA-4/miR-29a regulatory cascade in fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation and myocardial fibrosis, which provides a new therapeutic target for myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Xia Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Da Dao 100, Zheng Zhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhi-Ru Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tong Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Da Dao 100, Zheng Zhou, 450001, China
| | - Ming-Hui Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Da Dao 100, Zheng Zhou, 450001, China
| | - Yu-Qie Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Da Dao 100, Zheng Zhou, 450001, China
| | - Kun-Lun Kai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Da Dao 100, Zheng Zhou, 450001, China
| | - Jia-Chen Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng-Jiao Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Da Dao 100, Zheng Zhou, 450001, China
| | - Zi-Wei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Da Dao 100, Zheng Zhou, 450001, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Da Dao 100, Zheng Zhou, 450001, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Da Dao 100, Zheng Zhou, 450001, China
| | - Tian-Qi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Da Dao 100, Zheng Zhou, 450001, China
| | - Shan-Feng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Da Dao 100, Zheng Zhou, 450001, China
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Medical Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Cardiology, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, UK
| | - Qianqian Yin
- Medical Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Ming-Xi Zang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Da Dao 100, Zheng Zhou, 450001, China.
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18
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Zhang H, Zhou Y, Wen D, Wang J. Noncoding RNAs: Master Regulator of Fibroblast to Myofibroblast Transition in Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:1801. [PMID: 36675315 PMCID: PMC9861037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Myofibroblasts escape apoptosis and proliferate abnormally under pathological conditions, especially fibrosis; they synthesize and secrete a large amount of extracellular matrix (ECM), such as α-SMA and collagen, which leads to the distortion of organ parenchyma structure, an imbalance in collagen deposition and degradation, and the replacement of parenchymal cells by fibrous connective tissues. Fibroblast to myofibroblast transition (FMT) is considered to be the main source of myofibroblasts. Therefore, it is crucial to explore the influencing factors regulating the process of FMT for the prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of FMT-related diseases. In recent years, non-coding RNAs, including microRNA, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, have attracted extensive attention from scientists due to their powerful regulatory functions, and they have been found to play a vital role in regulating FMT. In this review, we summarized ncRNAs which regulate FMT during fibrosis and found that they mainly regulated signaling pathways, including TGF-β/Smad, MAPK/P38/ERK/JNK, PI3K/AKT, and WNT/β-catenin. Furthermore, the expression of downstream transcription factors can be promoted or inhibited, indicating that ncRNAs have the potential to be a new therapeutic target for FMT-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jie Wang
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Changsha 410000, China
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19
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Zhou Y, Zhu Y, Zeng J. Research Update on the Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:54-62. [PMID: 34844539 DOI: 10.2174/1566524021666211129111202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a serious clinical syndrome, usually occurs at the advanced stage of various cardiovascular diseases, featured by high mortality and rehospitalization rate. According to left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF), HF has been categorized as HF with reduced EF (HFrEF; LVEF<40%), HF with mid-range EF (HFmrEF; LVEF 40-49%), and HF with preserved EF (HFpEF; LVEF ≥50%). HFpEF accounts for about 50% of cases of heart failure and has become the dominant form of heart failure. The mortality of HFpEF is similar to that of HFrEF. There are no welldocumented treatment options that can reduce the morbidity and mortality of HFpEF now. Understanding the underlying pathological mechanisms is essential for the development of novel effective therapy options for HFpEF. In recent years, significant research progress has been achieved on the pathophysiological mechanism of HFpEF. This review aimed to update the research progress on the pathophysiological mechanism of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Zhou
- Center of Cooperative Postgraduate Cultivation in Xiangtan Central Hospital, University of South China Xiangtan 411100, China
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan 411100, China
| | - Yunlong Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan 411100, China
| | - Jianping Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan 411100, China
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20
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Wang C, Yin S, Wang Q, Jiang M, Li S, Zhen W, Duan Y, Gu H. miR-409-3p Regulated by GATA2 Promotes Cardiac Fibrosis through Targeting Gpd1. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022; 2022:8922246. [PMID: 36275896 PMCID: PMC9581711 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8922246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a hallmark of numerous chronic cardiovascular diseases that leads to heart failure. However, there is no validated therapy for it. Dysregulation of microRNAs has been confirmed to be involved in cardiac fibrosis development. However, the regulatory network was not well explored. This study was the first to highlight the role and molecular mechanism of miR-409-3p in cardiac fibrosis. We found that miR-409-3p was consistently increased in three fibrotic models, including heart tissues of postmyocardial infarction (MI) mice and neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts treated with angiotensin II (Ang II) or transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Furthermore, myocardial infarction surgery-induced cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction were attenuated by systemic delivery of miR-409-3p antagomir. Notably, transfection with miR-409-3p mimics promoted the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation, accompanied by upregulated expression of Col1a1, Col3a1, and α-SMA. On the contrary, the miR-409-3p inhibitor exhibited the opposite effect. Following this, we verified Gpd1 as a direct target of miR-409-3p. Gpd1 siRNA abolished the antifibrotic effect of miR-409-3p inhibitor in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts, suggesting that miR-409-3p promotes cardiac fibrosis at least partially through Gpd1. Moreover, GATA2 was identified as a cardiac fibrosis-associated upstream positive transcription factor of miR-409-3p. Finally, these findings suggest that modulating miR-409-3p could be a potential therapeutic method for cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shengxia Yin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wen Zhen
- Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yi Duan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Huanyu Gu
- Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
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21
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Chen L, Yu D, Ling S, Xu JW. Mechanism of tonifying-kidney Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of chronic heart failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:988360. [PMID: 36172573 PMCID: PMC9510640 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.988360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), chronic heart failure has the basic pathological characteristics of “heart-kidney yang deficiency.” Chronic heart failure with heart- and kidney-Yang deficiency has good overlap with New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes III and IV. Traditional Chinese medicine classical prescriptions for the treatment of chronic heart failure often take “warming and tonifying kidney-Yang” as the core, supplemented by herbal compositions with functions of “promoting blood circulation and dispersing blood stasis.” Nowadays, there are still many classical and folk prescriptions for chronic heart failure treatment, such as Zhenwu decoction, Bushen Huoxue decoction, Shenfu decoction, Sini decoction, as well as Qili Qiangxin capsule. This review focuses on classical formulations and their active constituents that play a key role in preventing chronic heart failure by suppressing inflammation and modulating immune and neurohumoral factors. In addition, given that mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming has intimate relation with inflammation, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis, the regulatory role of classical prescriptions and their active components in metabolic reprogramming, including glycolysis and lipid β-oxidation, is also presented. Although the exact mechanism is unknown, the classical TCM prescriptions still have good clinical effects in treating chronic heart failure. This review will provide a modern pharmacological explanation for its mechanism and offer evidence for clinical medication by combining TCM syndrome differentiation with chronic heart failure clinical stages.
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22
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Lai Q, Liu FM, Rao WL, Yuan GY, Fan ZY, Zhang L, Fu F, Kou JP, Yu BY, Li F. Aminoacylase-1 plays a key role in myocardial fibrosis and the therapeutic effects of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 in mouse heart failure. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2003-2015. [PMID: 34916608 PMCID: PMC9343399 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously found that the levels of metabolite N-acetylglutamine were significantly increased in urine samples of patients with heart failure (HF) and in coronary artery ligation (CAL)-induced HF mice, whereas the expression of its specific metabolic-degrading enzyme aminoacylase-1 (ACY1) was markedly decreased. In the current study, we investigated the role of ACY1 in the pathogenesis of HF and the therapeutic effects of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 in HF experimental models in vivo and in vitro. HF was induced in mice by CAL. The mice were administered Rg3 (7.5, 15, 30 mg · kg-1· d-1, i.g.), or positive drug metoprolol (Met, 5.14 mg · kg-1· d-1, i.g.), or ACY1 inhibitor mono-tert-butyl malonate (MTBM, 5 mg · kg-1 · d-1, i.p.) for 14 days. We showed that administration of MTBM significantly exacerbated CAL-induced myocardial injury, aggravated cardiac dysfunction, and pathological damages, and promoted myocardial fibrosis in CAL mice. In Ang II-induced mouse cardiac fibroblasts (MCFs) model, overexpression of ACY1 suppressed the expression of COL3A1 and COL1A via inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway, whereas ACY1-siRNA promoted the cardiac fibrosis responses. We showed that a high dose of Rg3 (30 mg · kg-1· d-1) significantly decreased the content of N-acetylglutamine, increased the expression of ACY1, and inhibited TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway in CAL mice; Rg3 (25 μM) exerted similar effects in Ang II-treated MCFs. Meanwhile, Rg3 treatment ameliorated cardiac function and pathological features, and it also attenuated myocardial fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. In Ang II-treated MCFs, the effects of Rg3 on collagen deposition and TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway were slightly enhanced by overexpression of ACY1, whereas ACY1 siRNA partially weakened the beneficial effects of Rg3, suggesting that Rg3 might suppress myocardial fibrosis through ACY1. Our study demonstrates that N-acetylglutamine may be a potential biomarker of HF and its specific metabolic-degrading enzyme ACY1 could be a potential therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of myocardial fibrosis during the development of HF. Rg3 attenuates myocardial fibrosis to ameliorate HF through increasing ACY1 expression and inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway, which provides some references for further development of anti-fibrotic drugs for HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Lai
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Fu-ming Liu
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Wang-lin Rao
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Guang-ying Yuan
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Zhao-yang Fan
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Lu Zhang
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Fei Fu
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Jun-ping Kou
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Bo-yang Yu
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Fang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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23
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Dong Y, Peng N, Dong L, Tan S, Zhang X. Non-coding RNAs: Important participants in cardiac fibrosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:937995. [PMID: 35966549 PMCID: PMC9365961 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.937995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is a pathophysiological process activated by diverse cardiac stress, which impairs cardiac function and leads to adverse clinical outcome. This remodeling partly attributes to cardiac fibrosis, which is a result of differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and the production of excessive extracellular matrix within the myocardium. Non-coding RNAs mainly include microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. These non-coding RNAs have been proved to have a profound impact on biological behaviors of various cardiac cell types and play a pivotal role in the development of cardiac fibrosis. This review aims to summarize the role of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in cardiac fibrosis associated with pressure overload, ischemia, diabetes mellitus, aging, atrial fibrillation and heart transplantation, meanwhile shed light on the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of non-coding RNAs for cardiac fibrosis.
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24
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Li G, Yang J, Zhang D, Wang X, Han J, Guo X. Research Progress of Myocardial Fibrosis and Atrial Fibrillation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:889706. [PMID: 35958428 PMCID: PMC9357935 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.889706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aging population and the increasing incidence of basic illnesses such as hypertension and diabetes (DM), the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) has increased significantly. AF is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice, which can cause heart failure (HF) and ischemic stroke (IS), increasing disability and mortality. Current studies point out that myocardial fibrosis (MF) is one of the most critical substrates for the occurrence and maintenance of AF. Although myocardial biopsy is the gold standard for evaluating MF, it is rarely used in clinical practice because it is an invasive procedure. In addition, serological indicators and imaging methods have also been used to evaluate MF. Nevertheless, the accuracy of serological markers in evaluating MF is controversial. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of MF, serological evaluation, imaging evaluation, and anti-fibrosis treatment to discuss the existing problems and provide new ideas for MF and AF evaluation and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangling Li
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Demei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Han
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xueya Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xueya Guo,
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25
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Xie M, Xiong Z, Yin S, Xiong J, Li X, Jin L, Zhang F, Chen H, Lan P, Lian L. Adiponectin Alleviates Intestinal Fibrosis by Enhancing AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:2232-2243. [PMID: 34009553 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-07015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication of Crohn's disease (CD). Adiponectin reportedly exerts anti-inflammatory effects in various disease models, including colitis models. AIMS In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of adiponectin on intestinal fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS A murine model of intestinal fibrosis was established by administering increasing doses of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid to Balb/c mice via enema for 7 weeks. Primary human fibroblasts were isolated from the colon tissues of patients with CD. The fibroblasts were incubated with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 to establish a fibrosis model in vitro. Pathway inhibitors were used to verify the potential signaling pathways involved in the anti-fibrogenic effect of adiponectin. RESULTS Compared with the normal mesentery, adiponectin expression was significantly increased in the hypertrophic mesentery of patients with CD. Intraperitoneal injection of adiponectin significantly decreased the activity of myeloperoxidase and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6) in the colon of fibrosis model mice, whereas the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 was substantially increased. Moreover, adiponectin treatment inhibited colon shortening, decreased colon weight, and reduced fibrotic protein deposition in the model mice. Adiponectin reduced the phosphorylation of Smad2 and collagen deposition induced by TGF-β1 in primary human intestinal fibroblasts, with an increase in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. Furthermore, this phenomenon was reversed by the AMPK inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS Adiponectin can protect against intestinal fibrosis by enhancing the phosphorylation of AMPK and inhibiting the activity of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Xie
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 26 Yuancun Er Heng Rd., Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizhong Xiong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 26 Yuancun Er Heng Rd., Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Yin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 26 Yuancun Er Heng Rd., Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqing Xiong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 26 Yuancun Er Heng Rd., Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianzhe Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 26 Yuancun Er Heng Rd., Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Longyang Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 26 Yuancun Er Heng Rd., Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxiang Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 26 Yuancun Er Heng Rd., Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaxian Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 26 Yuancun Er Heng Rd., Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 26 Yuancun Er Heng Rd., Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Lian
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 26 Yuancun Er Heng Rd., Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Jia M, Guan C, Tao J, Zhou Y, Yan L. Research Progress of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 in Fibrotic Diseases. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2022; 2022:1-15. [PMID: 35677107 PMCID: PMC9168133 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5042762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common pathological outcome of chronic injuries, characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components in organs, as seen in most chronic inflammatory diseases. At present, there is an increasing tendency of the morbidity and mortality of diseases caused by fibrosis, but the treatment measures for fibrosis are still limited. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) belongs to the FGF19 subfamily, which also has the name endocrine FGFs because of their endocrine manner. In recent years, it has been found that plasma FGF21 level is significantly correlated with fibrosis progression. Furthermore, there is evidence that FGF21 has a pronounced antifibrotic effect in a variety of fibrotic diseases. This review summarizes the biological effects of FGF21 and discusses what is currently known about this factor and fibrosis disease, highlighting emerging insights that warrant further research.
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27
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van den Bosch E, van Genuchten WJ, Luijnenburg SE, Duppen N, Kamphuis VP, Roos-Hesselink JW, Bartelds B, Roest AAW, Breur JMPJ, Blom NA, Boersma E, Koopman LP, Helbing WA. Associations between blood biomarkers, cardiac function and adverse outcome in a young tetralogy of Fallot cohort. Int J Cardiol 2022:S0167-5273(22)00584-8. [PMID: 35487320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the potential prognostic value and clinical correlations of blood biomarkers in a cohort of patients with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). METHODS In the setting of multicenter prospective research studies TOF patients underwent blood sampling, cardiopulmonary exercise testing and low-dose dobutamine stress cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. In the blood sample NT-proBNP, GDF-15, Galectin-3, ST-2, DLK-1, FABP4, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-7, MMP-2, and vWF were assessed. During subsequent follow-up, patients were evaluated for reaching the study endpoint (cardiac death, arrhythmia-related hospitalization or cardioversion/ablation, VO2 max ≤65% of predicted). Regression analysis was used to explore the correlation between blood biomarkers (corrected for age and gender) and other clinical parameters. The potential predictive value of blood biomarkers and events were assessed with Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard analysis. RESULTS We included 137 Fallot patients, median age 19.2 (interquartile range: 14.6-25.7) years, median age at TOF-repair 0.9 (0.5-1.9) years. After a median follow-up of 8.7 (6.3-10.7) years, 20 (14.6%) patients reached the composite endpoint. In a multivariable cox-regression analysis corrected for age at study baseline, elevated IGFBP-7 and MMP-2 levels were associated with the composite endpoint. We also noted a correlation between DLK-1 and relative change in right ventricular end systolic volume during dobutamine stress CMR (β = -0.27, p = 0.010), a correlation between FABP4 and Max VO2 (β = -0.41, p ≤0.001 and between MMP-2 and tricuspid valve E/A ratio (β = -0.15, p = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS IGFBP-7, MMP-2 and DLK-1 levels are related to cardiac function and long-term outcome in TOF patients.
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Nemir M, Kay M, Maison D, Berthonneche C, Sarre A, Plaisance I, Pedrazzini T. Inhibition of the NOTCH1 Pathway in the Stressed Heart Limits Fibrosis and Promotes Recruitment of Non-Myocyte Cells into the Cardiomyocyte Fate. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9040111. [PMID: 35448087 PMCID: PMC9024539 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9040111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac pathologies lead to an acute or gradual loss of cardiomyocytes. Because of the limited regenerative capacity of the mammalian heart, cardiomyocytes are only replaced by fibrotic tissue. Excessive fibrosis contributes to the deterioration of cardiac function and the transition to heart failure, which is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Currently, no treatments can promote replenishment of the injured heart with newly formed cardiomyocytes. In this context, regenerative strategies explore the possibility to promote recovery through induction of cardiomyocyte production from pre-existing cardiomyocytes. On the other hand, cardiac non-myocyte cells can be directly reprogrammed into induced cardiac precursor cells and cardiomyocytes, suggesting that these cells could be exploited to produce cardiomyocytes in vivo. Here, we provide evidence that the sequential activation and inhibition of the NOTCH1 signaling pathway in the stressed heart decreases fibrosis and improves cardiac function in the stressed heart. This is accompanied by the emergence of new cardiomyocytes from non-myocyte origin. Overall, our data show how a developmental pathway such as the NOTCH pathway can be manipulated to provide therapeutic benefit in the damaged heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Nemir
- Experimental Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.N.); (M.K.); (D.M.); (I.P.)
| | - Maryam Kay
- Experimental Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.N.); (M.K.); (D.M.); (I.P.)
| | - Damien Maison
- Experimental Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.N.); (M.K.); (D.M.); (I.P.)
| | - Corinne Berthonneche
- Cardiovascular Assessment Facility, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (C.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Alexandre Sarre
- Cardiovascular Assessment Facility, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (C.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Isabelle Plaisance
- Experimental Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.N.); (M.K.); (D.M.); (I.P.)
| | - Thierry Pedrazzini
- Experimental Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.N.); (M.K.); (D.M.); (I.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-21-314-0765
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29
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Zhang LS, Zhang JS, Hou YL, Lu WW, Ni XQ, Lin F, Liu XY, Wang XJ, Yu YR, Jia MZ, Tang CS, Han L, Chai SB, Qi YF. Intermedin 1-53 Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Targeting IRE1α in Cardiac Fibrosis. Inflammation 2022; 45:1568-1584. [PMID: 35175495 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01642-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Intermedin (IMD), a paracrine/autocrine peptide, protects against cardiac fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Previous study reports that activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome contributes to cardiac fibrosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether IMD mitigated cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting NLRP3. Cardiac fibrosis was induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion for 2 weeks in rats. Western blot, real-time PCR, histological staining, immunofluorescence assay, RNA sequencing, echocardiography, and hemodynamics were used to detect the role and the mechanism of IMD in cardiac fibrosis. Ang II infusion resulted in rat cardiac fibrosis, shown as over-deposition of myocardial interstitial collagen and cardiac dysfunction. Importantly, NLRP3 activation and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) were found in Ang II-treated rat myocardium. Ang II infusion decreased the expression of IMD and increased the expression of the receptor system of IMD in the fibrotic rat myocardium. IMD treatment attenuated the cardiac fibrosis and improved cardiac function. In addition, IMD inhibited the upregulation of NLRP3 markers and ERS markers induced by Ang II. In vitro, IMD knockdown by small interfering RNA significantly promoted the Ang II-induced cardiac fibroblast and NLRP3 activation. Moreover, silencing of inositol requiring enzyme 1 α (IRE1α) blocked the effects of IMD inhibiting fibroblast and NLRP3 activation. Pre-incubation with PKA pathway inhibitor H89 blocked the effects of IMD on the anti-ERS, anti-NLRP3, and anti-fibrotic response. In conclusion, IMD alleviated cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation through suppressing IRE1α via the cAMP/PKA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Shuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, HaidianDistrict, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China.,School of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, HaidianDistrict, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yue-Long Hou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Wei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, HaidianDistrict, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xian-Qiang Ni
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, HaidianDistrict, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fan Lin
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Network Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Network Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Rong Yu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, HaidianDistrict, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Mo-Zhi Jia
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, HaidianDistrict, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chao-Shu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Han
- Department of Cardiology, Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, A20 Fuxingmenwai Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - San-Bao Chai
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Life Park Road No. 1, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Yong-Fen Qi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China. .,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, HaidianDistrict, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Liu X, Zhou J, Zhang B, Liu G, Hu Q, Chen J. Lysine demethylase 3A is a positive regulator of cardiac myofibroblast transdifferentiation that increases Smad3 phosphorylation following transforming growth factor beta1 stimulation. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3177-3185. [PMID: 35113304 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07150-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epigenetic modifier molecule lysine demethylase 3A (KDM3A) has been shown to help ameliorate cardiovascular diseases, but its effect on cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS We designed gain- and loss-of-function experiments to investigate the biological functions of KDM3A in CFs. Moreover, we used SIS3-HCl (a specific inhibitor of p-Smad3) to explore the underlying mechanism. Cell viability and migration were verified by CCK-8 and cell migration experiments, respectively, and the degree of fibrosis was measured by Western blot analysis. Our data revealed that KDM3A enhanced the proliferation and migration of CFs and increased the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition while enabling the Smad3 phosphorylation response to transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFβ1) stimulation. However, these effects were abolished by SIS3-HCl. Furthermore, KDM3A inhibition obviously protected against cardiac myofibroblast transdifferentiation under TGFβ1 stimulation. CONCLUSIONS KDM3A may act as a novel regulator of cardiac myofibroblast transdifferentiation through its ability to modulate the phosphorylation of Smad3 following TGFβ1 stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jining Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bofang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Gen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Cai C, Zhang X, Li Y, Liu X, Wang S, Lu M, Yan X, Deng L, Liu S, Wang F, Fan C. Self-Healing Hydrogel Embodied with Macrophage-Regulation and Responsive-Gene-Silencing Properties for Synergistic Prevention of Peritendinous Adhesion. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2106564. [PMID: 34816470 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Antiadhesion barriers such as films and hydrogels used to wrap repaired tendons are important for preventing the formation of adhesion tissue after tendon surgery. However, sliding of the tendon can compress the adjacent hydrogel barrier and cause it to rupture, which may then lead to unexpected inflammation. Here, a self-healing and deformable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel is constructed as a peritendinous antiadhesion barrier. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)-degradable gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) microspheres (MSs) encapsulated with Smad3-siRNA nanoparticles are entrapped within the HA hydrogel to inhibit fibroblast proliferation and prevent peritendinous adhesion. GelMA MSs are responsively degraded by upregulation of MMP-2, achieving on-demand release of siRNA nanoparticles. Silencing effect of Smad3-siRNA nanoparticles is around 75% toward targeted gene. Furthermore, the self-healing hydrogel shows relatively attenuated inflammation compared to non-healing hydrogel. The mean adhesion scores of composite barrier group are 1.67 ± 0.51 and 2.17 ± 0.75 by macroscopic and histological evaluation, respectively. The proposed self-healing hydrogel antiadhesion barrier with MMP-2-responsive drug release behavior is highly effective for decreasing inflammation and inhibiting tendon adhesion. Therefore, this research provides a new strategy for the development of safe and effective antiadhesion barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuandong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xinshu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yuange Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xuanzhe Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Mingkuan Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiong Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shen Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
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Tian G, He L, Gu R, Sun J, Chen W, Qian Y, Ma X, Yan W, Zhao Z, Xu Z, Suo M, Sheng W, Huang G. CpG site hypomethylation at ETS1‑binding region regulates DLK1 expression in Chinese patients with Tetralogy of Fallot. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:93. [PMID: 35059744 PMCID: PMC8809049 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart malformation accounting for ~10% of cases. Although the pathogenesis of TOF is complex and largely unknown, epigenetics plays a huge role, specifically DNA methylation. The protein δ like non-canonical Notch ligand 1 (DLK1) gene encodes a non-canonical ligand of the Notch signaling pathway, which is involved in heart development. However, the epigenetic mechanism of DLK1 in the pathogenesis of TOF is yet to be elucidated. Therefore, the present study aimed to clarify its specific mechanism. In this study, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of DLK1 and the methylation status of the DLK1 promoter was measured via bisulfite sequencing PCR. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to examine the influence of transcription factor ETS proto-oncogene 1 (ETS1) on DLK1 gene expression. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, both in vivo and in vitro, were used to verify the binding of the ETS1 transcription factor to the DLK1 promoter as well as the influence of methylation status of DLK1 promoter on this binding affinity. The expression of DLK1 in the right ventricular outflow tract was significantly lower in patients with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) than that in controls (P<0.001). Moreover, the methylation level of CpG site 10 and CpG site 11 in the DLK1_R region was significantly decreased in TOF cases compared with controls (P<0.01). The integral methylation levels of DLK1_R and the methylation status of the CpG site 11 were both positively associated with DLK1 protein expression in TOF cases. ETS1 was found to inhibit DLK1 transcriptional activity by binding to the CpG site 11 and this affinity could be influenced by the methylation level of the DLK1 promoter. These findings demonstrated that the hypomethylation of the DLK1 promoter could increase the binding affinity of ETS1 transcription factor, which in turn inhibited DLK1 gene transcriptional activity and contributed to the development of TOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixiang Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, Cardiovascular Center, Pediatrics Research Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Lili He
- Department of Ultrasound, Cardiovascular Center, Pediatrics Research Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Ruoyi Gu
- Department of Ultrasound, Cardiovascular Center, Pediatrics Research Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Sun
- Pediatrics Department, Bengbu First People's Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Weicheng Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Cardiovascular Center, Pediatrics Research Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Qian
- Department of Ultrasound, Cardiovascular Center, Pediatrics Research Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Ultrasound, Cardiovascular Center, Pediatrics Research Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Weili Yan
- Department of Ultrasound, Cardiovascular Center, Pediatrics Research Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Zhenshan Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, Cardiovascular Center, Pediatrics Research Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Ziqing Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Cardiovascular Center, Pediatrics Research Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Meijiao Suo
- Department of Ultrasound, Cardiovascular Center, Pediatrics Research Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Cardiovascular Center, Pediatrics Research Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Guoying Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Cardiovascular Center, Pediatrics Research Institute, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
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Xu SS, Ding JF, Shi P, Shi KH, Tao H. DNMT1-Induced miR-152-3p Suppression Facilitates Cardiac Fibroblast Activation in Cardiac Fibrosis. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:984-999. [PMID: 34424481 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09690-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Novel insights into epigenetic control of cardiac fibrosis are now emerging. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) activation into myofibroblasts and the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) is the key to cardiac fibrosis development, but the specific mechanism is not fully understood. In the present study, we found that DNMT1 hypermethylation reduces the expression of microRNA-152-3p (miR-152-3p) and promotes Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway leading to CFs proliferation and activation. Cardiac fibrosis was produced by ISO, and the ISO was carried out according to the method described. CFs were harvested and cultured from SD neonatal rats and stimulated with TGF-β1. Importantly, DNMT1 resulted in the inhibition of miR-152-3p in activated CFs and both DNMT1 and miR-152-3p altered Wnt/β-catenin downstream protein levels. Over expression of DNMT1 and miR-152-3p inhibitors promotes proliferation of activating CFs. In addition, decreased methylation levels and over expression of miR-152-3p inhibited CFs proliferation. We determined that DNMT1 can methylate to miR-152-3p and demonstrated that expression of miR-152-3p inhibits CFs proliferation by inhibiting the Wnt1/β-catenin pathway. Our results stand out together DNMT1 methylation regulates miR-152-3p to slow the progression of cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting the Wnt1/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Song Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Ji-Fei Ding
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Kai-Hu Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
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Zainal Abidin SAI, Paterson IC, Hunt S, Lambert DW, Higginbotham S, Pink RC. Myofibroblast transdifferentiation is associated with changes in cellular and extracellular vesicle miRNA abundance. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256812. [PMID: 34762649 PMCID: PMC8584782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), a pro-fibrotic tumour-derived factor promotes fibroblast differentiation in the tumour microenvironment and is thought to contribute to the development of pro-tumourigenic cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) by promoting myofibroblast differentiation. miRNA dysregulation has been demonstrated in myofibroblast transdifferentiation and CAF activation, however, their expression varies among cell types and with the method of fibroblast induction. Here, the expression profile of miRNA in human primary oral fibroblasts treated with TGF-β1, to derive a myofibroblastic, CAF-like phenotype, was determined compared to untreated fibroblasts. Myofibroblast transdifferentiation was determined by the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin-1 extra domain A (FN-EDA1) using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The formation of stress fibres was assessed by fluorescence microscopy, and associated changes in contractility were assessed using collagen contraction assays. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were purified by using size exclusion chromatography and ultracentrifugation and their size and concentration were determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis. miRNA expression profiling in oral fibroblasts treated with TGF-β1 and their extracellular vesicles was carried out using tiling low-density array cards. The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) was used to perform functional and pathway enrichment analysis of target genes. In this study, TGF-β1 induced a myofibroblastic phenotype in normal oral fibroblasts as assessed by expression of molecular markers, the formation of stress fibres and increased contractility. TaqMan Low-Density Array (TLDA) analysis demonstrated that miR-503 and miR-708 were significantly upregulated, while miR-1276 was significantly downregulated in TGF-β1-treated oral fibroblasts (henceforth termed experimentally-derived CAF, eCAF). The gene functional enrichment analysis showed that the candidate miRNAs have the potential to modulate various pathways; including the Ras associated protein 1 (Rap1), PI3K-Akt, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) signalling pathways. In addition, altered levels of several miRNAs were detected in eCAF EV, including miR-142 and miR-222. No differences in size or abundance of EV were detected between eCAF and normal oral fibroblast (NOF). Little overlap was observed between changes in cellular and EV miRNA profiles, suggesting the possibility of selective loading of EV miRNA. The study reveals miRNA expression signature could be involved in myofibroblast transdifferentiation and the miRNA cargo of their EV, providing novel insight into the involvement of miRNA in CAF development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Amalina Inche Zainal Abidin
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Integrated Biosciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Ian Charles Paterson
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Stuart Hunt
- Integrated Biosciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel W. Lambert
- Integrated Biosciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Higginbotham
- Integrated Biosciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan Charles Pink
- Department of Biological and Medical Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
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35
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Cai H, Men H, Cao P, Zheng Y. Mechanism and prevention strategy of a bidirectional relationship between heart failure and cancer (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1463. [PMID: 34737803 PMCID: PMC8561773 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between cancer and heart failure has been extensively studied in the last decade. These studies have focused on describing heart injury caused by certain cancer treatments, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Previous studies have demonstrated a higher incidence of cancer in patients with heart failure. Heart failure enhances an over-activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and subsequently promotes cancer development. Other studies have found that heart failure and cancer both have a common pathological origin, flanked by chronic inflammation in certain organs. The present review aims to summarize and describe the recent discoveries, suggested mechanisms and relationships between heart failure and cancer. The current review provides more ideas on clinical prevention strategies according to the pathological mechanism involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Cai
- Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Men
- Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Pengyu Cao
- Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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36
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Rao M, Wang X, Guo G, Wang L, Chen S, Yin P, Chen K, Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen X, Hu X, Hu S, Song J. Resolving the intertwining of inflammation and fibrosis in human heart failure at single-cell level. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:55. [PMID: 34601654 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00897-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and fibrosis are intertwined mechanisms fundamentally involved in heart failure. Detailed deciphering gene expression perturbations and cell-cell interactions of leukocytes and non-myocytes is required to understand cell-type-specific pathology in the failing human myocardium. To this end, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing and single T cell receptor sequencing of 200,615 cells in both human dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) hearts. We sampled both lesion and mild-lesion tissues from each heart to sequentially capture cellular and molecular alterations to different extents of cardiac fibrosis. By which, left (lesion) and right ventricle (mild-lesion) for DCM hearts were harvest while infarcted (lesion) and non-infarcted area (mild-lesion) were dissected from ICM hearts. A novel transcription factor AEBP1 was identified as a crucial cardiac fibrosis regulator in ACTA2+ myofibroblasts. Within fibrotic myocardium, an infiltration of a considerable number of leukocytes was witnessed, especially cytotoxic and exhausted CD8+ T cells and pro-inflammatory CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, a subset of tissue-resident macrophage, CXCL8hiCCR2+HLA-DRhi macrophage was particularly identified in severely fibrotic area, which interacted with activated endothelial cell via DARC, that potentially facilitate leukocyte recruitment and infiltration in human heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, PUMC, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Xiliang Wang
- BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China.,Analytical Biosciences Limited, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Guangran Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, PUMC, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Li Wang
- BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, PUMC, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Pengbin Yin
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, PUMC, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, PUMC, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Zemin Zhang
- BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, PUMC, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xueda Hu
- BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China. .,Analytical Biosciences Limited, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, PUMC, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Jiangping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, PUMC, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
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Ye Z, Li W, Jiang Z, Wang E, Wang J. An intermediate state in trans-differentiation with proliferation, metabolic, and epigenetic switching. iScience 2021; 24:103057. [PMID: 34541470 PMCID: PMC8441076 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although TGF-β signaling can effectively activate fibroblasts to transform to myofibroblasts, the underlying mechanisms involved in the cell fate switching for trans-differentiation have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found the evidence of an intermediate state in the process of trans-differentiation. In the early stage of trans-differentiation, cells enter the intermediate state first with multiple characteristics such as accelerating cell cycle, metabolic switching, enhanced anti-apoptotic ability, and pluripotency, which is very similar to the early stage of reprogramming. As the trans-differentiation continues, these characteristics get switched. Therefore, trans-differentiation appears to require the switching of cell proliferation ability, metabolic pathway, and “stemness” to complete the process. In this study, we can conclude that an intermediate state may be necessary with high pluripotency in trans-differentiation from fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Only after passing the intermediate state, the trans-differentiation is finally completed and will not easily return to the original state. Smads and Akt/p38MAPK pathways play the key role in fibroblast transition There is a cell proliferation capability switching induced by TGF-β1 Metabolic reprogramming is required during trans-differentiation An intermediate state appeared with high pluripotency in trans-differentiation
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikai Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Zhenlong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Erkang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Applied Mathematics, State University of New York at Stony Brook., Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA
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Liao R, Qi Z, Tang R, Wang R, Wang Y. Methyl Ferulic Acid Attenuates Human Cardiac Fibroblasts Differentiation and Myocardial Fibrosis by Suppressing pRB-E2F1/CCNE2 and RhoA/ROCK2 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:714390. [PMID: 34483923 PMCID: PMC8416034 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.714390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Myocardial fibrosis is a key pathological process after myocardial infarction, which leads to poor outcomes in patients at the end stage. Effective treatments for improving prognosis of myocardial fibrosis are needed to be further developed. Methyl ferulic acid (MFA), a biologically active monomer extracted and purified from the Chinese herbal medicine, is reported as an attenuator in many diseases. In this study, we aim to reveal the role it plays in myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction and its possible mechanism. Results: Firstly, we found that MFA attenuated the expression of fibrosis-related proteins and the ability of migration and proliferation in TGF-β1-induced human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs). Then, myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction models on mouse was built to reveal the in vivo affection of MFA. After 28 days of treatments, fibrosis areas, cardiac function, and expression of fibrosis-related proteins were all improved in the MFA-treated group than the myocardial infarction group. Finally, to elucidate the mechanism of phenomenon we observed, we found that MFA attenuated HCF differentiation after myocardial infarction by suppressing the migration and proliferation in HCFs, which was by suppressing the pRB-E2F1/CCNE2 and the RhoA/ROCK2 pathway. Conclusion: Our findings showed that MFA attenuated the expression of fibrosis-related proteins, and the ability of migration and proliferation in HCFs improved the cardiac function of myocardial infarction mice; meanwhile, the mechanism of that was by suppressing the pRB-E2F1/CCNE2 and the RhoA/ROCK2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongheng Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Qi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ri Tang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renrong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yongyi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang Y, Lin X, Chu Y, Chen X, Du H, Zhang H, Xu C, Xie H, Ruan Q, Lin J, Liu J, Zeng J, Ma K, Chai D. Dapagliflozin: a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, attenuates angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrotic remodeling by regulating TGFβ1/Smad signaling. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:121. [PMID: 34116674 PMCID: PMC8196449 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01312-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac remodeling is one of the major risk factors for heart failure. In patients with type 2 diabetes, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of the first hospitalization for heart failure, possibly through glucose-independent mechanisms in part, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to shed light on the efficacy of dapagliflozin in reducing cardiac remodeling and potential mechanisms. METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, induced by chronic infusion of Angiotensin II (Ang II) at a dose of 520 ng/kg per minute for 4 weeks with ALZET® mini-osmotic pumps, were treated with either SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin (DAPA) or vehicle alone. Echocardiography was performed to determine cardiac structure and function. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were treated with Ang II (1 μM) with or without the indicated concentration (0.5, 1, 10 μM) of DAPA. The protein levels of collagen and TGF-β1/Smad signaling were measured along with body weight, and blood biochemical indexes. RESULTS DAPA pretreatment resulted in the amelioration of left ventricular dysfunction in Ang II-infused SD rats without affecting blood glucose and blood pressure. Myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and increased collagen synthesis caused by Ang II infusion were significantly inhibited by DAPA pretreatment. In vitro, DAPA inhibit the Ang II-induced collagen production of CFs. Immunoblot with heart tissue homogenates from chronic Ang II-infused rats revealed that DAPA inhibited the activation of TGF-β1/Smads signaling. CONCLUSION DAPA ameliorates Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling by regulating the TGF-β1/Smad signaling in a non-glucose-lowering dependent manner.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II
- Animals
- Antifibrotic Agents/pharmacology
- Benzhydryl Compounds/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/pathology
- Fibrosis
- Glucosides/pharmacology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/chemically induced
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/prevention & control
- Male
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/pathology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction
- Smad Proteins/metabolism
- Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/chemically induced
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/metabolism
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/pathology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/prevention & control
- Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
- Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Echocardiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Yong Chu
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Editorial Department of Chinese Journal of Hypertension, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Heng Du
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Changsheng Xu
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Hong Xie
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Qinyun Ruan
- Echocardiological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Jinxiu Lin
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Pharmacy College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jinzhang Zeng
- School of Pharmacy College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
| | - Dajun Chai
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hypertension, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
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Hamdani N, Costantino S, Mügge A, Lebeche D, Tschöpe C, Thum T, Paneni F. Leveraging clinical epigenetics in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a call for individualized therapies. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:1940-1958. [PMID: 36282124 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Described as the 'single largest unmet need in cardiovascular medicine', heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains an untreatable disease currently representing 65% of new heart failure diagnoses. HFpEF is more frequent among women and associates with a poor prognosis and unsustainable healthcare costs. Moreover, the variability in HFpEF phenotypes amplifies complexity and difficulties in the approach. In this perspective, unveiling novel molecular targets is imperative. Epigenetic modifications-defined as changes of DNA, histones, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)-represent a molecular framework through which the environment modulates gene expression. Epigenetic signals acquired over the lifetime lead to chromatin remodelling and affect transcriptional programmes underlying oxidative stress, inflammation, dysmetabolism, and maladaptive left ventricular remodelling, all conditions predisposing to HFpEF. The strong involvement of epigenetic signalling in this setting makes the epigenetic information relevant for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in patients with HFpEF. The recent advances in high-throughput sequencing, computational epigenetics, and machine learning have enabled the identification of reliable epigenetic biomarkers in cardiovascular patients. Contrary to genetic tools, epigenetic biomarkers mirror the contribution of environmental cues and lifestyle changes and their reversible nature offers a promising opportunity to monitor disease states. The growing understanding of chromatin and ncRNAs biology has led to the development of several Food and Drug Administration approved 'epidrugs' (chromatin modifiers, mimics, anti-miRs) able to prevent transcriptional alterations underpinning left ventricular remodelling and HFpEF. In the present review, we discuss the importance of clinical epigenetics as a new tool to be employed for a personalized management of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazha Hamdani
- Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany.,Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St-Josef Hospital, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany.,Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren CH-8952, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St-Josef Hospital, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Djamel Lebeche
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Cardiovascular Research Institute, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Department of Medicine, Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren CH-8952, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Cheng Z, Qi M, Zhang C, Mao Y. Myocardial Fibrosis in the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications 2021. [DOI: 10.15212/cvia.2021.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a type of hereditary cardiomyopathy caused by gene mutation. Its histological features include cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and disarray as well as myocardial fibrosis. Gene mutation, abnormal signal transduction, and abnormal energy metabolism are
considered the main mechanisms of myocardial fibrosis. There is a strong correlation between myocardial fibrosis and the occurrence, development, and prognosis of HCM. We review the application of myocardial fibrosis in the diagnosis and treatment of HCM, focusing on research progress and
the application of magnetic resonance imaging on the basis of the characteristics of fibrosis in the diagnosis and prognosis of HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyi Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Miaomiao Qi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu, China
| | - Chengyuan Zhang
- The Second Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu, China
| | - Yanxia Mao
- The Second Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu, China
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Yang C, Lei L, Pan J, Zhao C, Wen J, Qin F, Dong F, Wei W. Altered CD4+ T cell and cytokine levels in peripheral blood and skin samples from systemic sclerosis patients and IL35 in CD4+ T cell growth. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:794-805. [PMID: 33878182 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the role of IL-35 in CD4+ T lymphocyte and skin fibroblast (HSF) activity and cytokine levels in systemic sclerosis. METHODS Blood and skin biopsies were collected from 41 patients and 39 healthy controls to assess CD4+ T lymphocytes and IL-35-related factors. CD4+ T lymphocytes were co-cultured with HSFs, rhIL-35, and IL-35 mAb to evaluate the cell viability, activation of CD4+T lymphocytes, and HSF cells. RESULTS The proportion of blood Th1/Th2 was lower and Th17/regulatory T cells (Treg) were higher in patients than in controls (p < 0.05). IL-35 and IL-17A levels were higher and IFN-γ, IL-10, and TGF-β levels were lower in patients than in controls. IL-17A, FoxP3, TGF-β1, and COL-1 mRNA and p-STAT1 and p-STAT4 were higher in skin tissues from patients than in those from controls (p < 0.05). IL-6 levels were higher, whereas IL-10 levels were lower in cell culture supernatants. α-SMA and COL-1 proteins and Ki67 positivity were higher in CD4+ T + HSF cells from patients than in those from controls. rhIL-35 treatment inhibited proliferation (p < 0.001), but increased IL-10 and decreased IL-17A, α-SMA, and COL-1 secretion into the conditioned medium of CD4+ T lymphocytes + HSFs from patients compared with those from controls. IL-35 mAb blocked the effects of IL-35 in CD4+ T + HSF cells (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS IL-35 plays an inhibitory role in CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferation but induces Treg cell differentiation by STAT1 signalling activation, HSF proliferation, and collagen expression in systemic sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Ling Lei
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Fang Qin
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Fei Dong
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Wanling Wei
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
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van den Bosch E, Bossers SSM, Kamphuis VP, Boersma E, Roos-Hesselink JW, Breur JMPJ, Ten Harkel ADJ, Kapusta L, Bartelds B, Roest AAW, Kuipers IM, Blom NA, Koopman LP, Helbing WA. Associations Between Blood Biomarkers, Cardiac Function, and Adverse Outcome in a Young Fontan Cohort. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e015022. [PMID: 33624507 PMCID: PMC8174257 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Patients who have undergone the Fontan procedure are at high risk of circulatory failure. In an exploratory analysis we aimed to determine the prognostic value of blood biomarkers in a young cohort who have undergone the Fontan procedure. Methods and Results In multicenter prospective studies patients who have undergone the Fontan procedure underwent blood sampling, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, and stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Several biomarkers including NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide), GDF-15 (growth differentiation factor 15), Gal-3 (galectin-3), ST2 (suppression of tumorigenicity 2), DLK-1 (protein delta homolog 1), FABP-4 (fatty acid-binding protein 4), IGFBP-1 (insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1), IGFBP-7, MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase 2), and vWF (von Willebrand factor) were assessed in blood at 9.6 (7.1-12.1) years after Fontan completion. After this baseline study measurement, follow-up information was collected on the incidence of adverse cardiac events, including cardiac death, out of hospital cardiac arrest, heart transplantation (listing), cardiac reintervention (severe events), hospitalization, and cardioversion/ablation for arrhythmias was collected and the relation with blood biomarkers was assessed by Cox proportional hazard analyses. The correlation between biomarkers and other clinical parameters was evaluated. We included 133 patients who have undergone the Fontan procedure, median age 13.2 (25th, 75th percentile 10.4-15.9) years, median age at Fontan 3.2 (2.5-3.9) years. After a median follow-up of 6.2 (4.9-6.9) years, 36 (27.1%) patients experienced an event of whom 13 (9.8%) had a severe event. NT-proBNP was associated with (all) events during follow-up and remained predictive after correction for age, sex, and dominant ventricle (hazard ratio, 1.89; CI, 1.32-2.68). The severe event-free survival was better in patients with low levels of GDF-15 (P=0.005) and vWF (P=0.008) and high levels of DLK-1 (P=0.041). There was a positive correlation (β=0.33, P=0.003) between DLK-1 and stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging functional reserve. Conclusions NT-proBNP, GDF-15, vWF, DLK-1, ST-2 FABP-4, and IGFBP-7 levels relate to long-term outcome in young patients who have undergone the Fontan procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva van den Bosch
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands.,Netherlands Heart Institute Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd S M Bossers
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Vivian P Kamphuis
- Netherlands Heart Institute Utrecht The Netherlands.,Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Leiden University Medical Center The Netherlands
| | - Eric Boersma
- Department of Cardiology Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | | | - Johannes M P J Breur
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Arend D J Ten Harkel
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Leiden University Medical Center The Netherlands
| | - Livia Kapusta
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel.,Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Beatrijs Bartelds
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Arno A W Roest
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Leiden University Medical Center The Netherlands
| | - Irene M Kuipers
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Academic Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Nico A Blom
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Leiden University Medical Center The Netherlands.,Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Academic Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Laurens P Koopman
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Willem A Helbing
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands.,Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
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Yao Q, Xing Y, Wang Z, Liang J, Lin Q, Huang M, Chen Y, Lin B, Xu X, Chen W. MiR-16-5p suppresses myofibroblast activation in systemic sclerosis by inhibiting NOTCH signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:2640-2654. [PMID: 33411678 PMCID: PMC7880343 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a prototypic fibrotic disease characterized by localized or diffuse skin thickening and fibrosis. Tissue fibrosis is driven by myofibroblasts, and factors affecting myofibroblast activation may also be involved in the development of SSc. In this study, we examined molecular mechanisms underlying SSc by focusing on myofibroblast activation processes. Bioinformatics analysis conducted to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and genes (DEGs) revealed that microRNA-16-5p (miR-16-5p) was downregulated and NOTCH2 was upregulated in SSc patients. In vitro experiments confirmed that miR-16-5p was able to bind directly to NOTCH2 and inhibit myofibroblast activation. Moreover, miR-16-5p-dependent inhibition of NOTCH2 decreased collagen and α-SMA expression. MiR-16-5p downregulation and NOTCH2 upregulation was also confirmed in vivo in SSc patients, and NOTCH2 activation promoted fibrosis progression in vitro. These results indicate that miR-16-5p suppresses myofibroblast activation by suppressing NOTCH signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicen Yao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yixi Xing
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Zaiyan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jin Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Qianqi Lin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Meiqiong Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yiling Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Bo Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xiayu Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Weifei Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
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Wang Z, Cui M, Shah AM, Tan W, Liu N, Bassel-Duby R, Olson EN. Cell-Type-Specific Gene Regulatory Networks Underlying Murine Neonatal Heart Regeneration at Single-Cell Resolution. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108472. [PMID: 33296652 PMCID: PMC7774872 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult mammalian heart has limited capacity for regeneration following injury, whereas the neonatal heart can readily regenerate within a short period after birth. Neonatal heart regeneration is orchestrated by multiple cell types intrinsic to the heart, as well as immune cells that infiltrate the heart after injury. To elucidate the transcriptional responses of the different cellular components of the mouse heart following injury, we perform single-cell RNA sequencing on neonatal hearts at various time points following myocardial infarction and couple the results with bulk tissue RNA-sequencing data collected at the same time points. Concomitant single-cell ATAC sequencing exposes underlying dynamics of open chromatin landscapes and regenerative gene regulatory networks of diverse cardiac cell types and reveals extracellular mediators of cardiomyocyte proliferation, angiogenesis, and fibroblast activation. Together, our data provide a transcriptional basis for neonatal heart regeneration at single-cell resolution and suggest strategies for enhancing cardiac function after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoning Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Miao Cui
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Akansha M Shah
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Eric N Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Bouchareb R, Katz M, Saadallah N, Sassi Y, Ali S, Lebeche D. Boron improves cardiac contractility and fibrotic remodeling following myocardial infarction injury. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17138. [PMID: 33051505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73864-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is a major determinant of clinical outcomes in heart failure (HF) patients. It is characterized by the emergence of myofibroblasts and early activation of pro-fibrotic signaling pathways before adverse ventricular remodeling and progression of HF. Boron has been reported in recent years to augment the innate immune system and cell proliferation, which play an important role in the repair and regeneration of the injured tissue. Currently, the effect of boron on cardiac contractility and remodeling is unknown. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, the effect of boron supplementation on cardiac function, myocardial fibrosis, apoptosis and regeneration in a rat model myocardial infarction (MI)-induced HF. MI was induced in animals and borax, a sodium salt of boron, was administered for 7 days, p.o., 21 days post-injury at a dose level of 4 mg/kg body weight. Transthoracic echocardiographic analysis showed a significant improvement in systolic and diastolic functions with boron treatment compared to saline control. In addition, boron administration showed a marked reduction in myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis in the injured hearts, highlighting a protective effect of boron in the ischemic heart. Interestingly, we observed a tenfold increase of nuclei in thin myocardial sections stained positive for the cell cycle marker Ki67 in the MI boron-treated rats compared to saline, indicative of increased cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity in MI hearts, highlighting its potential role in regeneration post-injury. We similarly observed increased Ki67 and BrdU staining in cultured fresh neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. Collectively, the results show that boron positively impacted MI-induced HF and attenuated cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis, two prominent features of HF. Importantly, boron has the potential to induce cardiomyocyte cell cycle entry and potentially cardiac tissue regeneration after injury. Boron might be beneficial as a supplement in MI and may be a good candidate substance for anti-fibrosis approach.
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Hortells L, Valiente-Alandi I, Thomas ZM, Agnew EJ, Schnell DJ, York AJ, Vagnozzi RJ, Meyer EC, Molkentin JD, Yutzey KE. A specialized population of Periostin-expressing cardiac fibroblasts contributes to postnatal cardiomyocyte maturation and innervation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:21469-79. [PMID: 32817558 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009119117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the postnatal period in mammals, the cardiac muscle transitions from hyperplasic to hypertrophic growth, the extracellular matrix (ECM) undergoes remodeling, and the heart loses regenerative capacity. While ECM maturation and crosstalk between cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and cardiomyocytes (CMs) have been implicated in neonatal heart development, not much is known about specialized fibroblast heterogeneity and function in the early postnatal period. In order to better understand CF functions in heart maturation and postnatal cardiomyocyte cell-cycle arrest, we have performed gene expression profiling and ablation of postnatal CF populations. Fibroblast lineages expressing Tcf21 or Periostin were traced in transgenic GFP reporter mice, and their biological functions and transitions during the postnatal period were examined in sorted cells using RNA sequencing. Highly proliferative Periostin (Postn)+ lineage CFs were found from postnatal day 1 (P1) to P11 but were not detected at P30, due to a repression of Postn gene expression. This population was less abundant and transcriptionally different from Tcf21+ resident CFs. The specialized Postn+ population preferentially expresses genes related to cell proliferation and neuronal development, while Tcf21+ CFs differentially express genes related to ECM maturation at P7 and immune crosstalk at P30. Ablation of the Postn+ CFs from P0 to P6 led to altered cardiac sympathetic nerve patterning and a reduction in binucleation and hypertrophic growth with increased fetal troponin (TroponinI1) expression in CM. Thus, postnatal CFs are heterogeneous and include a transient proliferative Postn+ population required for cardiac nerve development and cardiomyocyte maturation soon after birth.
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48
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Couselo-Seijas M, Lopez-Canoa JN, Fernandez ÁL, González-Melchor L, Seoane LM, Duran-Muñoz D, Rozados-Luis A, González-Juanatey JR, Rodríguez-Mañero M, Eiras S. Inflammatory and lipid regulation by cholinergic activity in epicardial stromal cells from patients who underwent open-heart surgery. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10958-10969. [PMID: 32767737 PMCID: PMC7521153 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The modulation of acetylcholine (ACh) release by botulinum toxin injection into epicardial fat diminishes atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. These results suggest an interaction between autonomic imbalance and epicardial fat as risk factors of AF. Our aim was to study the inflammatory, lipidic and fibroblastic profile of epicardial stroma from patients who underwent open‐heart surgery, their regulation by cholinergic activity and its association with AF. We performed in vitro and ex vivo assays from paired subcutaneous and epicardial stromal cells or explants from 33 patients. Acute ACh effects in inflammation and lipid‐related genes were analysed by qPCR, in intracellular calcium mobilization were performed by Fluo‐4 AM staining and in neutrophil migration by trans‐well assays. Chronic ACh effects on lipid accumulation were visualized by AdipoRed. Plasma protein regulation by parasympathetic denervation was studied in vagotomized rats. Our results showed a higher pro‐inflammatory profile in epicardial regarding subcutaneous stromal cells. Acute ACh treatment up‐regulated monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 levels. Chronic ACh treatment improved lipid accumulation within epicardial stromal cells (60.50% [22.82‐85.13] vs 13.85% [6.17‐23.16], P < .001). Additionally, patients with AF had higher levels of fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (1.54 ± 0.01 vs 1.47 ± 0.01, P = .005). Its plasma levels were pronouncedly declined in vagotomized rats (2.02 ± 0.21 ng/mL vs 0.65 ± 0.23 ng/mL, P < .001). Our findings support the characterization of acute or chronic cholinergic activity on epicardial stroma and its association with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinela Couselo-Seijas
- Translational Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José N Lopez-Canoa
- Translational Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Cardiovascular Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ángel L Fernandez
- University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Heart Surgery Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laila González-Melchor
- Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luisa M Seoane
- Endocrine Physiopathology Group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío Duran-Muñoz
- Heart Surgery Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriana Rozados-Luis
- Translational Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Ramón González-Juanatey
- University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Cardiovascular Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Moisés Rodríguez-Mañero
- Translational Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Cardiovascular Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Eiras
- Translational Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
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49
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Ibarrola J, Garaikoetxea M, Garcia-Peña A, Matilla L, Jover E, Bonnard B, Cuesta M, Fernández-Celis A, Jaisser F, López-Andrés N. Beneficial Effects of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism on Myocardial Fibrosis in an Experimental Model of the Myxomatous Degeneration of the Mitral Valve. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155372. [PMID: 32731636 PMCID: PMC7432373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) patients develop myocardial fibrosis that is not solely explained by volume overload, but the pathophysiology has not been defined. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) improve cardiac function by decreasing cardiac fibrosis in other heart diseases. We examined the role of MRA in myocardial fibrosis associated with myxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve. Myocardial fibrosis has been analyzed in a mouse model of mitral valve myxomatous degeneration generated by pharmacological treatment with Nordexfenfluramine (NDF) in the presence of the MRA spironolactone. In vitro, adult human cardiac fibroblasts were treated with NDF and spironolactone. In an experimental mouse, MRA treatment reduced interstitial/perivascular fibrosis and collagen type I deposition. MRA administration blunted NDF-induced cardiac expression of vimentin and the profibrotic molecules galectin-3/cardiotrophin-1. In parallel, MRA blocked the increase in cardiac non-fibrillar proteins such as fibronectin, aggrecan, decorin, lumican and syndecan-4. The following effects are blocked by MRA: in vitro, in adult human cardiac fibroblasts, NDF-treatment-induced myofibroblast activation, collagen type I and proteoglycans secretion. Our findings demonstrate, for the first time, the contribution of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) to the development of myocardial fibrosis associated with mitral valve myxomatous degeneration. MRA could be a therapeutic approach to reduce myocardial fibrosis associated with MVP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Ibarrola
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Miguel Servet Foundation), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.I.); (M.G.); (A.G.-P.); (L.M.); (E.J.); (M.C.); (A.F.-C.)
| | - Mattie Garaikoetxea
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Miguel Servet Foundation), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.I.); (M.G.); (A.G.-P.); (L.M.); (E.J.); (M.C.); (A.F.-C.)
| | - Amaia Garcia-Peña
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Miguel Servet Foundation), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.I.); (M.G.); (A.G.-P.); (L.M.); (E.J.); (M.C.); (A.F.-C.)
| | - Lara Matilla
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Miguel Servet Foundation), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.I.); (M.G.); (A.G.-P.); (L.M.); (E.J.); (M.C.); (A.F.-C.)
| | - Eva Jover
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Miguel Servet Foundation), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.I.); (M.G.); (A.G.-P.); (L.M.); (E.J.); (M.C.); (A.F.-C.)
| | - Benjamin Bonnard
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, 75013 Paris, France; (B.B.); (F.J.)
| | - Maria Cuesta
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Miguel Servet Foundation), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.I.); (M.G.); (A.G.-P.); (L.M.); (E.J.); (M.C.); (A.F.-C.)
| | - Amaya Fernández-Celis
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Miguel Servet Foundation), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.I.); (M.G.); (A.G.-P.); (L.M.); (E.J.); (M.C.); (A.F.-C.)
| | - Frederic Jaisser
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, 75013 Paris, France; (B.B.); (F.J.)
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, CHRU de Nancy, French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN) INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
| | - Natalia López-Andrés
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Miguel Servet Foundation), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.I.); (M.G.); (A.G.-P.); (L.M.); (E.J.); (M.C.); (A.F.-C.)
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, CHRU de Nancy, French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN) INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-848428539; Fax: +34-848422300
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50
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Zhu J, Zhou H, Li C, He Y, Pan Y, Shou Q, Fang M, Wan H, Yang J. Guanxinshutong capsule ameliorates cardiac function and architecture following myocardial injury by modulating ventricular remodeling in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110527. [PMID: 32688142 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanxinshutong capsule (GXST), which consists of five traditional Chinese medicines, has been used for a long time in China for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. However, the effects on GXST on myocardial injury (MI) have not been studied in detail. In these experiments, we found that GXST administration decreased MI-associated ventricular remodeling (VR) with a reduction in interventricular septal thickness in diastole (IVSd), left ventricular posterior wall diameter in systole (LVPWs), and left ventricular posterior wall diameter in diastole (LVPWd) to ameliorate cardiac function and architecture, as measured by echocardiography. Furthermore, histological analysis showed that GXST could ameliorate pathological alterations in the myocardium. And Sirius red staining, wheat germ agglutinin staining and inflammation-related immunohistochemistry results showed that GXST ameliorated the fibrosis areas, cardiac hypertrophy and inflammation (IL-6 and TNF-α). In addition, GXST upregulated intercellular junction proteins (N-cad and Cx-43) and downregulated the angiogenesis-related proteins (PDGF and VEGFA), myocardial fibrosis-related proteins (TGF-β1), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9). We also found that GXST medium-dose group (1 g/kg/d) dosage was the most efficacious. In conclusion, GXST protected cardiac tissues against MI by reducing VR, thus indicating the potential application of GXST in the treatment of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Huifen Zhou
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Chang Li
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Yu He
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Yuming Pan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Qiyang Shou
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Minsun Fang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Haitong Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China.
| | - Jiehong Yang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China.
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