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Cirovic A, Satarug S. Toxicity Tolerance in the Carcinogenesis of Environmental Cadmium. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1851. [PMID: 38339129 PMCID: PMC10855822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxicant of worldwide public health significance. Diet is the main non-workplace Cd exposure source other than passive and active smoking. The intestinal absorption of Cd involves transporters for essential metals, notably iron and zinc. These transporters determine the Cd body burden because only a minuscule amount of Cd can be excreted each day. The International Agency for Research on Cancer listed Cd as a human lung carcinogen, but the current evidence suggests that the effects of Cd on cancer risk extend beyond the lung. A two-year bioassay demonstrated that Cd caused neoplasms in multiple tissues of mice. Also, several non-tumorigenic human cells transformed to malignant cells when they were exposed to a sublethal dose of Cd for a prolonged time. Cd does not directly damage DNA, but it influences gene expression through interactions with essential metals and various proteins. The present review highlights the epidemiological studies that connect an enhanced risk of various neoplastic diseases to chronic exposure to environmental Cd. Special emphasis is given to the impact of body iron stores on the absorption of Cd, and its implications for breast cancer prevention in highly susceptible groups of women. Resistance to cell death and other cancer phenotypes acquired during Cd-induced cancer cell transformation, under in vitro conditions, are briefly discussed. The potential role for the ZnT1 efflux transporter in the cellular acquisition of tolerance to Cd cytotoxicity is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Cirovic
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Soisungwan Satarug
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
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2
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Zhang H, Yang F, Cao Z, Xu Y, Wang M. The influence of iron on bone metabolism disorders. Osteoporos Int 2024; 35:243-253. [PMID: 37857915 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Iron is a necessary trace element in the human body, and it participates in many physiological processes. Disorders of iron metabolism can cause lesions in many tissues and organs, including bone. Recently, iron has gained attention as an independent factor influencing bone metabolism disorders, especially the involvement of iron overload in osteoporosis. The aim of this review was to summarize the findings from clinical and animal model research regarding the involvement of iron in bone metabolism disorders and to elucidate the mechanisms behind iron overload and osteoporosis. Lastly, we aimed to describe the association between bone loss and iron overload. We believe that a reduction in iron accumulation can be used as an alternative treatment to assist in the treatment of osteoporosis, to improve bone mass, and to improve the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Zihou Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Youjia Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
| | - Mingyong Wang
- Murui Biological Technology Co., Ltd, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, China.
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Satarug S. Is Environmental Cadmium Exposure Causally Related to Diabetes and Obesity? Cells 2023; 13:83. [PMID: 38201287 PMCID: PMC10778334 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a pervasive toxic metal, present in most food types, cigarette smoke, and air. Most cells in the body will assimilate Cd, as its charge and ionic radius are similar to the essential metals, iron, zinc, and calcium (Fe, Zn, and Ca). Cd preferentially accumulates in the proximal tubular epithelium of the kidney, and is excreted in urine when these cells die. Thus, excretion of Cd reflects renal accumulation (body burden) and the current toxicity of Cd. The kidney is the only organ other than liver that produces and releases glucose into the circulation. Also, the kidney is responsible for filtration and the re-absorption of glucose. Cd is the least recognized diabetogenic substance although research performed in the 1980s demonstrated the diabetogenic effects of chronic oral Cd administration in neonatal rats. Approximately 10% of the global population are now living with diabetes and over 80% of these are overweight or obese. This association has fueled an intense search for any exogenous chemicals and lifestyle factors that could induce excessive weight gain. However, whilst epidemiological studies have clearly linked diabetes to Cd exposure, this appears to be independent of adiposity. This review highlights Cd exposure sources and levels associated with diabetes type 2 and the mechanisms by which Cd disrupts glucose metabolism. Special emphasis is on roles of the liver and kidney, and cellular stress responses and defenses, involving heme oxygenase-1 and -2 (HO-1 and HO-2). From heme degradation, both HO-1 and HO-2 release Fe, carbon monoxide, and a precursor substrate for producing a potent antioxidant, bilirubin. HO-2 appears to have also anti-diabetic and anti-obese actions. In old age, HO-2 deficient mice display a symptomatic spectrum of human diabetes, including hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, increased fat deposition, and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
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Liu Y, Zhao Z, Guo J, Ma Y, Li J, Ji H, Chen Z, Zheng J. Anacardic acid improves neurological deficits in traumatic brain injury by anti-ferroptosis and anti-inflammation. Exp Neurol 2023; 370:114568. [PMID: 37820939 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important cause of disability and death. TBI leads to multiple forms of nerve cell death including ferroptosis due to iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Anacardic acid (AA) is a natural component extracted from cashew nut shells, which has been reported to have neuroprotective effects in traumatic brain injury. We investigated whether AA has an anti-ferroptosis effect in TBI. METHODS We used the Feeney free-fall impact method to construct a TBI model to investigate the effect of AA on ferroptosis caused by TBI, in which Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), a ferroptosis inhibitor, served as a positive control group. We first identified the therapeutic effect of AA on TBI through modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and determined the appropriate concentration. Secondly, we investigated the effect of AA on the expression level of the key protein of ferroptosis by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Then the effect of AA on nerve tissue injury and nerve function improvement was verified. Finally, enzym-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to verify that AA could reduce inflammation after TBI. RESULTS We found the intensely inhibitory effect of AA on ferroptosis, which is in parallel with the results obtained after Fer-1 treatment. In addition, AA and Fer-1 mitigated TBI-mediated tissue defects, destruction of the blood-brain barrier, and neurodegeneration. Novel object recognition (NOR), mNSS and water maze test showed that AA could significantly reduce the impairment of neural function and behavioral cognitive ability caused by TBI. Finally, we also demonstrated that AA has not only an anti-ferroptosis effect, but also an anti-inflammation effect. CONCLUSIONS AA can reduce the neurological impairment and behavioral cognitive impairment caused by TBI through the dual effect of anti-ferroptosis and anti-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223022, China; Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Zongren Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223022, China
| | - Jianqiang Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223022, China; Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Yuanhao Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223022, China; Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223022, China
| | - Huanhuan Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223022, China
| | - Zhongjun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223022, China
| | - Jinyu Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223022, China.
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Snega Priya P, Pratiksha Nandhini P, Arockiaraj J. A comprehensive review on environmental pollutants and osteoporosis: Insights into molecular pathways. Environ Res 2023; 237:117103. [PMID: 37689340 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
A significant problem that has an impact on community wellbeing is environmental pollution. Environmental pollution due to air, water, or soil pollutants might pose a severe risk to global health, necessitating intense scientific effort. Osteoporosis is a common chronic condition with substantial clinical implications on mortality, morbidity, and quality of life. It is closely linked to bone fractures. Worldwide, osteoporosis affects around 200 million people, and every year, there are almost 9 million fractures. There is evidence that certain environmental factors may increase the risk of osteoporosis in addition to traditional risk factors. It is crucial to understand the molecular mechanisms at play because there is a connection between osteoporosis and exposure to environmental pollutants such as heavy metals, air pollutants, endocrine disruptors, metal ions and trace elements. Hence, in this scoping review, we explore potential explanations for the link between pollutants and bone deterioration through deep insights into molecular pathways. Understanding and recognizing these pollutants as modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis would possibly help to enhance environmental policy thereby aiding in the improvement of bone health and improving patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Snega Priya
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Kattankulatur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Pratiksha Nandhini
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Kattankulatur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Kattankulatur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Tan XY, Citartan M, Chinni SV, Ahmed SA, Tang TH. Biocomputational Identification of sRNAs in Leptospira interrogans Serovar Lai. Indian J Microbiol 2023; 63:33-41. [PMID: 37188232 PMCID: PMC10172424 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-022-01050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory small RNAs (sRNA) are RNA transcripts that are not translated into proteins but act as functional RNAs. Pathogenic Leptospira cause an epidemic spirochaetal zoonosis, Leptospirosis. It is speculated that Leptospiral sRNAs are involved in orchestrating their pathogenicity. In this study, biocomputational approach was adopted to identify Leptospiral sRNAs. In this study, two sRNA prediction programs, i.e., RNAz and nocoRNAc, were employed to screen the reference genome of Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai. Out of 126 predicted sRNAs, there are 96 cis-antisense sRNAs, 28 trans-encoded sRNAs and 2 sRNAs that partially overlap with protein-coding genes in a sense orientation. To determine whether these candidates are expressed in the pathogen, they were compared with the coverage files generated from our RNA-seq datasets. It was found out that 7 predicted sRNAs are expressed in mid-log phase, stationary phase, serum stress, temperature stress and iron stress while 2 sRNAs are expressed in mid-log phase, stationary phase, serum stress, and temperature stress. Besides, their expressions were also confirmed experimentally via RT-PCR. These experimentally validated candidates were also subjected to mRNA target prediction using TargetRNA2. Taken together, our study demonstrated that biocomputational strategy can serve as an alternative or as a complementary strategy to the laborious and expensive deep sequencing methods not only to uncover putative sRNAs but also to predict their targets in bacteria. In fact, this is the first study that integrates computational approach to predict putative sRNAs in L. interrogans serovar Lai. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12088-022-01050-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinq Yuan Tan
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang Malaysia
| | - Marimuthu Citartan
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang Malaysia
| | - Suresh Venkata Chinni
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, 08100 Bedong, Kedah Malaysia
| | - Siti Aminah Ahmed
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang Malaysia
| | - Thean-Hock Tang
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang Malaysia
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Abstract
In much of the world, currently employed upper limits of tolerable intake and acceptable excretion of cadmium (Cd) (ECd/Ecr) are 0.83 µg/kg body weight/day and 5.24 µg/g creatinine, respectively. These figures were derived from a risk assessment model that interpreted β2-microglobulin (β2MG) excretion > 300 μg/g creatinine as a "critical" endpoint. However, current evidence suggests that Cd accumulation reduces glomerular filtration rate at values of ECd/Ecr much lower than 5.24 µg/g creatinine. Low ECd/Ecr has also been associated with increased risks of kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, cancer, and other disorders. These associations have cast considerable doubt on conventional guidelines. The goals of this paper are to evaluate whether these guidelines are low enough to minimize associated health risks reliably, and indeed whether permissible intake of a cumulative toxin like Cd is a valid concept. We highlight sources and levels of Cd in the human diet and review absorption, distribution, kidney accumulation, and excretion of the metal. We present evidence for the following propositions: excreted Cd emanates from injured tubular epithelial cells of the kidney; Cd excretion is a manifestation of current tissue injury; reduction of present and future exposure to environmental Cd cannot mitigate injury in progress; and Cd excretion is optimally expressed as a function of creatinine clearance rather than creatinine excretion. We comprehensively review the adverse health effects of Cd and urine and blood Cd levels at which adverse effects have been observed. The cumulative nature of Cd toxicity and the susceptibility of multiple organs to toxicity at low body burdens raise serious doubt that guidelines concerning permissible intake of Cd can be meaningful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Level 5, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - David A Vesey
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Level 5, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Glenda C Gobe
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Level 5, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence for CKD QLD, UQ Health Sciences, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kenneth R Phelps
- Stratton Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
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Ciosek Ż, Kot K, Rotter I. Iron, Zinc, Copper, Cadmium, Mercury, and Bone Tissue. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2197. [PMID: 36767564 PMCID: PMC9915283 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents the current understanding on the effects of five metals on bone tissue, namely iron, zinc, copper, cadmium, and mercury. Iron, zinc, and copper contribute significantly to human and animal metabolism when present in sufficient amounts, but their excess or shortage increases the risk of developing bone disorders. In contrast, cadmium and mercury serve no physiological purpose and their long-term accumulation damages the osteoarticular system. We discuss the methods of action and interactions between the discussed elements as well as the concentrations of each element in distinct bone structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Żaneta Ciosek
- Chair and Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 70-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Iwona Rotter
- Chair and Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 70-210 Szczecin, Poland
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Baldassano S, Polizzi MR, Sabatino L, Caldarella R, Macaluso A, Alongi A, Caldara GF, Ferrantelli V, Vasto S. A New Potential Dietary Approach to Supply Micronutrients to Physically Active People through Consumption of Biofortified Vegetables. Nutrients 2022; 14:2971. [PMID: 35889926 PMCID: PMC9320783 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Micronutrients are required in many reactions involved in physical activity and exercise. Most physically active people do not meet the body’s needs in terms of micronutrients through diet. The novelty of the present manuscript is the use of an innovative dietary approach to supply micronutrients to physically active people through biofortified food. Therefore, the key point of this study was to verify whether supplementation with biofortified vegetables—and specifically molybdenum (Mo)-enriched lettuce—in healthy volunteers affects essential regulators of body homeostasis and, specifically, hematological parameters, iron and lipid metabolism, and hepatic function. Twenty-four healthy volunteers were allocated in a double-blinded manner to either a control group that consumed lettuce, or the intervention group, which consumed Mo-enriched lettuce, for 12 days. Blood samples were collected at baseline (T0) and after 12 days (T1). We found that supplementation with Mo-enriched lettuce did not affect hematological parameters, liver function, or lipid metabolism, but significantly improved iron homeostasis by increasing non-binding hemoglobin iron by about 37% and transferrin saturation by about 42%, while proteins of iron metabolism (e.g., transferrin, ferritin, ceruloplasmin) were not affected. The serum molybdenum concentration increased by about 42%. In conclusion, this study shows that consumption of Mo-biofortified lettuce ameliorates iron homeostasis in healthy subjects, and suggests that it could be used as a new nutritional supplementation strategy to avoid iron deficiency in physically active people.
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Jalali S, Shi J, Ahsan N, Wellik L, Serres M, Buko A, Paludo J, Kim H, Tang X, Yang ZZ, Novak A, Kyle R, Ansell S. Progression from Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance of the immunoglobulin M class (IgM-MGUS) to Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia is associated with an alteration in lipid metabolism. Redox Biol 2021; 41:101927. [PMID: 33690107 PMCID: PMC7941163 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular events that modulate the progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance of the immunoglobulin M class (IgM-MGUS) to Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM) are mostly unknown. We implemented comparative proteomics and metabolomics analyses on patient serum samples to identify differentially expressed molecules crucial to the progression from IgM-MGUS to WM. Our data identified altered lipid metabolism as a discriminating factor between MGUS, WM, and matched normal controls. Levels of many fatty acids, including polyunsaturated fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids, were significantly downregulated in WM sera when compared to MGUS. These reductions were associated with diminished 15-LOX and PPAR protein expression and increased 5-LOX and GPX4 expression in WM versus MGUS patients’ samples. Furthermore, WM serum samples showed increased lipid peroxidation compared to MGUS. Treatment with IL-6 or TNFα, upstream regulators of differentially expressed proteins between MGUS and WM, increased lipid absorption and lipid peroxidation in WM cell lines. Knock-down of 15-LOX expression increased WM cell survival, an effect accompanied by increased 5-LOX and GPX4 expression. In summary, our data show that reduced fatty acid and lipid metabolite levels in the serum of the WM patients are associated with increased lipid peroxidation and that downregulation of 15-LOX increases the survival of WM cells. These data are highly significant in identifying the biomarkers of disease progression and designing targeted therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Jalali
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Jie Shi
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Nagib Ahsan
- COBRE Center for Cancer Research Development, Proteomics Core Facility, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - LindaE Wellik
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - MaKayla Serres
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alex Buko
- Human Metabolome Technologies (HMT) America, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonas Paludo
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - HyoJin Kim
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - XinYi Tang
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zhi-Zhang Yang
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - AnneJ Novak
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - RobertA Kyle
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - StephenM Ansell
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Ren F, Yang Y, Wu K, Zhao T, Shi Y, Song M, Li J. The Effects of Dandelion Polysaccharides on Iron Metabolism by Regulating Hepcidin via JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2021; 2021:7184760. [PMID: 33488942 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7184760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have claimed that iron overload was correlated with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and our previous studies have also demonstrated that dandelion polysaccharide (DP) suppressed HCC cell line proliferation via causing cell cycle arrest and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, but the effect of DP on metabolism is still not very clear. Here, we aim to clarify the effects of DP on iron metabolism and the underlying mechanism. In this study, we found that DP could reduce iron burden in hepatoma cells and grafted tumors. Hepcidin is a central regulator in iron metabolism. We confirmed that the expression of hepcidin in HCC tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in the adjacent nontumor tissues. The expression of hepcidin was downregulated in the liver of mouse model treatment with DP, as well as in hepatoma cells. Moreover, RNA sequencing and western blot data revealed that DP inhibited the IL-6-activated JAK-STAT signaling pathway. In summary, our results revealed that DP might be a new potential drug candidate for the regulation of iron burden and the treatment of HCC.
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12
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Liu L, Qin K, Yin S, Zheng X, Li H, Yan H, Song P, Ji X, Zhang Q, Wei Y, Zhao L. Bifunctional Carbon Dots Derived From an Anaerobic Bacterium of Porphyromonas gingivalis for Selective Detection of Fe 3+ and Bioimaging. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 97:574-581. [PMID: 33289104 DOI: 10.1111/php.13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, for the first time, Porphyromonas gingivalis, an anaerobic bacterium, was selected to synthesize carbon dots. The achieved P. gingivalis-carbon dots (Pg-CDs) exhibited strong fluorescence and high stability with capability for dual function as Fe3+ sensor and intracellular imaging agent. The detection limit for Fe3+ was as low as 1.85 µm. On the other hand, the prepared Pg-CDs were an excellent candidate for biosensor with high biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Kunhao Qin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Shuang Yin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaodan Zheng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Pengfei Song
- R&D Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., Kunming, China
| | - Xiuling Ji
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yunlin Wei
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Limin Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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Zarzosa-Moreno D, Avalos-Gómez C, Ramírez-Texcalco LS, Torres-López E, Ramírez-Mondragón R, Hernández-Ramírez JO, Serrano-Luna J, de la Garza M. Lactoferrin and Its Derived Peptides: An Alternative for Combating Virulence Mechanisms Developed by Pathogens. Molecules 2020; 25:E5763. [PMID: 33302377 PMCID: PMC7762604 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens, it is necessary to develop options to fight infections caused by these agents. Lactoferrin (Lf) is a cationic nonheme multifunctional glycoprotein of the innate immune system of mammals that provides numerous benefits. Lf is bacteriostatic and/or bactericidal, can stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation, facilitate iron absorption, improve neural development and cognition, promote bone growth, prevent cancer and exert anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects. Lactoferrin is present in colostrum and milk and is also produced by the secondary granules of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, which store this glycoprotein and release it at sites of infection. Lf is also present in many fluids and exocrine secretions, on the surfaces of the digestive, respiratory and reproductive systems that are commonly exposed to pathogens. Apo-Lf (an iron-free molecule) can be microbiostatic due to its ability to capture ferric iron, blocking the availability of host iron to pathogens. However, apo-Lf is mostly microbicidal via its interaction with the microbial surface, causing membrane damage and altering its permeability function. Lf can inhibit viral entry by binding to cell receptors or viral particles. Lf is also able to counter different important mechanisms evolved by microbial pathogens to infect and invade the host, such as adherence, colonization, invasion, production of biofilms and production of virulence factors such as proteases and toxins. Lf can also cause mitochondrial and caspase-dependent regulated cell death and apoptosis-like in pathogenic yeasts. All of these mechanisms are important targets for treatment with Lf. Holo-Lf (the iron-saturated molecule) can contain up to two ferric ions and can also be microbicidal against some pathogens. On the other hand, lactoferricins (Lfcins) are peptides derived from the N-terminus of Lf that are produced by proteolysis with pepsin under acidic conditions, and they cause similar effects on pathogens to those caused by the parental Lf. Synthetic analog peptides comprising the N-terminus Lf region similarly exhibit potent antimicrobial properties. Importantly, there are no reported pathogens that are resistant to Lf and Lfcins; in addition, Lf and Lfcins have shown a synergistic effect with antimicrobial and antiviral drugs. Due to the Lf properties being microbiostatic, microbicidal, anti-inflammatory and an immune modulator, it represents an excellent natural alternative either alone or as adjuvant in the combat to antibiotic multidrug-resistant bacteria and other pathogens. This review aimed to evaluate the data that appeared in the literature about the effects of Lf and its derived peptides on pathogenic bacteria, protozoa, fungi and viruses and how Lf and Lfcins inhibit the mechanisms developed by these pathogens to cause disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Zarzosa-Moreno
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Zacatenco 07360, CdMx, Mexico; (D.Z.-M.); (C.A.-G.); (J.S.-L.)
| | - Christian Avalos-Gómez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Zacatenco 07360, CdMx, Mexico; (D.Z.-M.); (C.A.-G.); (J.S.-L.)
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacán 04510, CdMx, Mexico
| | - Luisa Sofía Ramírez-Texcalco
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Estado de México, Mexico; (L.S.R.-T.); (E.T.-L.); (R.R.-M.); (J.O.H.-R.)
| | - Erick Torres-López
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Estado de México, Mexico; (L.S.R.-T.); (E.T.-L.); (R.R.-M.); (J.O.H.-R.)
| | - Ricardo Ramírez-Mondragón
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Estado de México, Mexico; (L.S.R.-T.); (E.T.-L.); (R.R.-M.); (J.O.H.-R.)
| | - Juan Omar Hernández-Ramírez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Estado de México, Mexico; (L.S.R.-T.); (E.T.-L.); (R.R.-M.); (J.O.H.-R.)
| | - Jesús Serrano-Luna
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Zacatenco 07360, CdMx, Mexico; (D.Z.-M.); (C.A.-G.); (J.S.-L.)
| | - Mireya de la Garza
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Zacatenco 07360, CdMx, Mexico; (D.Z.-M.); (C.A.-G.); (J.S.-L.)
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Leszek P, Sochanowicz B, Brzóska K, Kraj L, Kuśmierczyk M, Śmigielski W, Rywik TM, Sobieszczańska-Małek M, Rozentryt P, Kruszewski M. Accurate Noninvasive Assessment of Myocardial Iron Load in Advanced Heart Failure Patients. Dis Markers 2020; 2020:8885189. [PMID: 33224316 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8885189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Heart failure patients presenting with iron deficiency can benefit from systemic iron supplementation; however, there is the potential for iron overload to occur, which can seriously damage the heart. Therefore, myocardial iron (M-Iron) content should be precisely balanced, especially in already failing hearts. Unfortunately, the assessment of M-Iron via repeated heart biopsies or magnetic resonance imaging is unrealistic, and alternative serum markers must be found. This study is aimed at assessing M-Iron in patients with advanced heart failure (HF) and its association with a range of serum markers of iron metabolism. Methods Left ventricle (LV) myocardial biopsies and serum samples were collected from 33 consecutive HF patients (25 males) with LV dysfunction (LV ejection fraction 22 (11) %; NT-proBNP 5464 (3308) pg/ml) during heart transplantation. Myocardial ferritin (M-FR) and soluble transferrin receptor (M-sTfR1) were assessed by ELISA, and M-Iron was determined by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis in LV biopsies. Nonfailing hearts (n = 11) were used as control/reference tissue. Concentrations of serum iron-related proteins (FR and sTfR1) were assessed. Results LV M-Iron load was reduced in all HF patients and negatively associated with M-FR (r = -0.37, p = 0.05). Of the serum markers, sTfR1/logFR correlated with (r = -0.42; p = 0.04) and predicted (in a step-wise analysis, R 2 = 0.18; p = 0.04) LV M-Iron. LV M-Iron load (μg/g) can be calculated using the following formula: 210.24-22.869 × sTfR1/logFR. Conclusions The sTfR1/logFR ratio can be used to predict LV M-Iron levels. Therefore, serum FR and sTfR1 levels could be used to indirectly assess LV M-Iron, thereby increasing the safety of iron repletion therapy in HF patients.
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Wang Z, Yang B, Chen X, Zhou Q, Li H, Chen S, Yin D, He H, He M. Nobiletin Regulates ROS/ADMA/DDAHII/eNOS/NO Pathway and Alleviates Vascular Endothelium Injury by Iron Overload. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:87-97. [PMID: 32002792 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload is harmful to health and associates with intracellular excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Nobiletin (Nob) is known to be antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. However, whether Nob can protect endothelial cells against iron overload has not been studied, and the specific mechanism has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we have identified the protective effects of Nob, and its underlying molecular mechanism in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) suffered from iron overload via ROS/ADMA/DDAHII/eNOS/NO pathway. We found that compared with 50 μM iron dextran treatment, co-treatment with 20 μM Nob increased cell viability and decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity. Besides, Nob could upregulate DDAHII expression and activity, promote eNOS phosphorylation to produce more NO, reduce ADMA content, and therefore increase superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities, and decrease malondialdehyde level and ROS generation. Nob also inhibited mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) openness and cleaved caspase-3 expression, and decreased apoptosis induced by iron overload. These results were consistent when Nob was replaced by the positive control reagents L-arginine (a competitive substrate of ADMA), cyclosporin A (an mPTP closing agent), or edaravone (a free radical scavenger). The addition of pAD/DDAHII-shRNA adenovirus reversed the above effects of Nob. These data suggested that the protective mechanism of Nob was to inhibit ROS burst, upregulate DDAHII expression and activity, promote eNOS phosphorylation, produce NO, reduce ADMA content, and ultimately alleviate iron overload damage in vascular endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Hypertension, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xuepiao Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Shuping Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Dong Yin
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Huan He
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Ming He
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Hypertension, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
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Garcia AWA, Kinskovski UP, Diehl C, Reuwsaat JCV, Motta de Souza H, Pinto HB, Trentin DDS, de Oliveira HC, Rodrigues ML, Becker EM, Kmetzsch L, Vainstein MH, Staats CC. Participation of Zip3, a ZIP domain-containing protein, in stress response and virulence in Cryptococcus gattii. Fungal Genet Biol 2020; 144:103438. [PMID: 32738289 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2020.103438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cryptococcus gattii is an etiologic agent of cryptococcosis, a potentially fatal disease that affects humans and animals. The successful infection of mammalian hosts by cryptococcal cells relies on their ability to infect and survive in macrophages. Such phagocytic cells present a hostile environment to intracellular pathogens via the production of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, as well as low pH and reduced nutrient bioavailability. To overcome the low-metal environment found during infection, fungal pathogens express high-affinity transporters, including members of the ZIP family. Previously, we determined that functional zinc uptake driven by Zip1 and Zip2 is necessary for full C.gattiivirulence. Here, we characterized the ZIP3 gene of C. gattii, an ortholog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATX2, which codes a manganese transporter localized to the membrane of the Golgi apparatus. Cryptococcal cells lacking Zip3 were tolerant to toxic concentrations of manganese and had imbalanced expression of intracellular metal transporters, such as the vacuolar Pmc1 and Vcx1, as well as the Golgi Pmr1. Moreover, null mutants of the ZIP3 gene displayed higher sensitivity to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and substantial alteration in the expression of ROS-detoxifying enzyme-coding genes. In line with these phenotypes, cryptococcal cells displayed decreased virulence in a non-vertebrate model of cryptococcosis. Furthermore, we found that the ZIP3 null mutant strain displayed decreased melanization and secretion of the major capsular component glucuronoxylomannan, as well as an altered extracellular vesicle dimensions profile. Collectively, our data suggest that Zip3 activity impacts the physiology, and consequently, several virulence traits of C. gattii.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uriel Perin Kinskovski
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Camila Diehl
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Heryk Motta de Souza
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Helber Barboza Pinto
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre
| | - Danielle da Silva Trentin
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre
| | | | - Marcio L Rodrigues
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Curitiba, Brazil; Instituto de Microbiologia da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emilene Mendes Becker
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Livia Kmetzsch
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilene Henning Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Charley Christian Staats
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Xu H, Hao Z, Wang L, Li S, Guo Y, Dang X. Suppression of Transferrin Expression Enhances the Susceptibility of Plutella xylostella to Isaria cicadae. Insects 2020; 11:E281. [PMID: 32380643 DOI: 10.3390/insects11050281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Transferrins (Trfs) are multifunctional proteins with key functions in iron transport. In the present study, a Trf (PxTrf) from Plutella xylostella was identified and characterized. The PxTrf consisted of a 2046-bp open reading frame, which encoded a 681 amino acid protein with a molecular weight of 73.43 kDa and had an isoelectric point of 7.18. Only a single iron domain was predicted in the N-lobe of PxTrf. Although PxTrf was expressed ubiquitously, the highest levels of expression were observed in the fourth instar larvae. PxTrf transcript level was highest in fat bodies among various tissues. The PxTrf transcript levels increased significantly after the stimulation of pathogens. A decrease in PxTrf expression via RNA interference enhanced the susceptibility of P. xylostella to the Isaria cicadae fungus and inhibited hemocyte nodulation in response to the fungal challenge. In addition, a considerable increase in the pupation rate was observed in larvae treated with double-stranded PxTrf (dsPxTrf). Overall, according to the results, PxTrf may participate in P. xylostella immunity against fungal infection and insect development.
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Bai S, Peng J, Zhang K, Ding X, Wang J, Zeng Q, Peng H, Bai J, Xuan Y, Su Z. Effects of Dietary Iron on Manganese Utilization in Broilers Fed with Corn-Soybean Meal Diet. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 194:514-524. [PMID: 31230207 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01780-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of dietary iron (Fe) levels on manganese (Mn) utilization, 900 8-day-old broilers were randomly assigned to 1 of 6 treatments in a 3 (Fe level) × 2 (Mn level) factorial arrangement after feeding Mn- and Fe-unsupplemented diet for 7 days. The broilers were then fed with basal corn-soybean meal diets (approximately 28 mg Mn/kg and 60 mg Fe/kg) added with 0, 80, or 160 mg/kg Fe (L-Fe, M-Fe, or H-Fe), and 0 or 100 mg/kg Mn for 35 days. Body weight gain was lower for H-Fe broilers than that for L-Fe and M-Fe broilers. On day 42, H-Fe broilers had lower serum Mn concentration as compared with L-Fe and M-Fe broilers, and tibia Mn concentration decreased as dietary Fe increased. In Mn-supplemented broilers, liver Mn was lower in L-Fe and H-Fe treatments than that in M-Fe treatment. H-Fe treatment decreased Mn concentration and manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity in the heart when compared with L-Fe and M-Fe treatments. Dietary Fe did not significantly influence Mn concentrations in the liver and heart, and heart MnSOD activity in Mn-unsupplemented broilers. In the duodenum, L-Fe treatment decreased divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) mRNA abundance when compared with M-Fe and H-Fe treatments, and ferroportin 1 (FPN1) mRNA level was higher in M-Fe treatment than that in L-Fe and H-Fe treatments. These results suggested H-Fe diet decreased Mn status in broilers evaluated by Mn concentrations in serum and heart, and heart MnSOD activity. Dietary Fe influenced Mn absorption possibly through effects on duodenal DMT1 and FPN1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiping Bai
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211#, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jialong Peng
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211#, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211#, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211#, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211#, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiufeng Zeng
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211#, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Huanwei Peng
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211#, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211#, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Xuan
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211#, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zuowei Su
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211#, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
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Chen X, Li H, Wang Z, Zhou Q, Chen S, Yang B, Yin D, He H, He M. Quercetin protects the vascular endothelium against iron overload damages via ROS/ADMA/DDAHⅡ/eNOS/NO pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 868:172885. [PMID: 31870832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant accumulation of iron causes vascular endothelium damage, which is thought to be associated with excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Quercetin (Que), as a flavonoid, has a certain ability to scavenge free radicals. Therefore, we aimed to explore the protective mechanism of Que on iron overload induced HUVECs injury focused on ROS/ADMA/DDAHⅡ/eNOS/NO pathway. In this study, HUVECs was treated with 50 μM iron dextran and 20 μM Que for 48 h. We found that Que attenuated the damages induced by iron, as evidenced by decreased ROS generation, increased DDAHⅡexpression and activity, reduced ADMA level, increased NO content and p-eNOS/eNOS ratio, and eventually caused a decrease in apoptosis. After addition of pAD/DDAHⅡ-shRNA, the effects of Que mentioned above were reversed. Meanwhile, iron overload induced mitochondrial oxidative stress, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTP) opening, which were also partially alleviated by Que. In addition, L-arginine (L-Arg), a ADMA competition substrate, ciclosporin A (CsA), a mPTP blocking agent, and edaravone (Eda), a free radical scavenger, were used as positive control reagents. The effects of Que were similar to that of L-Arg, CsA and Eda treatment. These results illustrated that Que could attenuate iron overload induced HUVECs mitochondrial dysfunction via ROS/ADMA/DDAHⅡ/eNOS/NO pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuepiao Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Hypertension, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zhiqing Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Shuping Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Dong Yin
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Huan He
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Ming He
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Hypertension, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
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Kumar A, Gupta S, Sharma P, Prasad R, Pal A. In silico method for identification of novel copper and iron metabolism proteins in various neurodegenerative disorders. Neurotoxicology 2019; 73:50-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Demmers MWHJ, Niens M, van der Haar G, van der Zaag-Loonen HJ, Hoffmann JJML, Adriaansen HJ. Functional iron deficiency markers are absent during pregnancy despite evidence of low iron stores. Ann Clin Biochem 2019; 56:450-456. [DOI: 10.1177/0004563219837290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Functional iron deficiency parameters predict iron-restricted erythropoiesis more precisely than ferritin. Ferritin and erythropoiesis can be affected by inflammation and hormonal alterations. We hypothesize that the association between low ferritin concentrations and iron-restricted erythropoiesis is not comparable between pregnant and non-pregnant women. Materials and methods Pregnant women ( n = 926) were included at week 12 of gestation. Ferritin concentrations, %hypochromic erythrocytes (%HYPO), %microcytic erythrocytes (%MICRO), reticulocyte haemoglobin content (MCHr), mean cell volume (MCV) and mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) were analysed. Data were compared with non-pregnant women ( n = 1302). Results Functional iron deficiency parameters (%HYPO, %MICRO, MCHr) were present in, respectively, 3.9%, 14.3% and 2.3% off all pregnant women. Univariate analysis of low ferritin (<20 μg/L) showed significant differences between non-pregnant versus pregnant women; %HYPO (10.92% vs. 0.92%), increased %MICRO (4.33% vs. 1.00%) and decreased MCHr (24.9 pg vs. 29.5 pg), respectively. In the logistic regression analysis, MCHr, %MICRO and MCV were independently associated with low ferritin concentrations in pregnant women, while %HYPO and %MICRO were independently associated variables in non-pregnant women with low ferritin concentrations. Discussion Functional iron deficiency is significantly less frequent in pregnant women compared with iron-deficient non-pregnant women. During pregnancy, iron metabolism might be differentially regulated for optimal fetal growth and development despite low maternal iron stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn WHJ Demmers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Gelre Hospital, Apeldoorn, Netherlands
| | - Marijke Niens
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Laurentius Hospital, Roermond, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Henk J Adriaansen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Gelre Hospital, Apeldoorn, Netherlands
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Korlesky C, Kling PJ, Pham DQD, Ovasapyan AA, Leyns CA, Weber MB, Coe CL. Cord Blood Erythropoietin and Hepcidin Reflect Lower Newborn Iron Stores due to Maternal Obesity during Pregnancy. Am J Perinatol 2019; 36:511-516. [PMID: 30193381 PMCID: PMC6431561 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1669444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity during pregnancy impedes fetal iron endowment. In adults, both iron depletion and hypoxia stimulate erythropoietin (Epo) production, while hepcidin, the primary iron regulator, is inhibited by Epo and stimulated by obesity. To understand this relationship in fetuses, we investigated obesity, inflammation, and fetal iron status on fetal Epo and hepcidin levels. STUDY DESIGN Epo, hepcidin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and ferritin levels were measured in 201 newborns of 35 to 40 weeks' gestation with historical risk factors for a low fetal iron endowment, including half with maternal obesity. RESULTS Epo was unrelated to fetal size, but Epo was directly related to maternal body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) (p < 0.03) and CRP (p < 0.0005) at delivery. Epo levels were twice as likely to be elevated (≥50 IU/L) while comparing the lowest quartile of ferritin with the upper three quartiles (p < 0.01). Hepcidin was directly related to ferritin (p < 0.001) and indirectly related to maternal BMI (p < 0.015), but BMI became nonsignificant when undergoing multivariate analysis. Hepcidin was unrelated to Epo. CONCLUSION Although some of the fetal responses involving Epo were similar to adults, we did not find a hepcidin-Epo relationship like that of adults, where fetal liver is the site of both hepcidin and Epo production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Korlesky
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI,University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Pamela J. Kling
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI,University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Daphne Q.-D. Pham
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI
| | - Albina A. Ovasapyan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI,,North Central Health Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Cheryl A. Leyns
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI,,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Morgan B. Weber
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI,Department of Orthopedics, Case Western Reserve, Cleveland, OH
| | - Christopher L. Coe
- Department of Psychology, Harlow Center for Biological Psychology and University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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23
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Abstract
Iron is an essential element for plants as well as other organisms, functioning in various cellular processes, including respiration, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and photosynthesis. Plants take up iron from soil in which iron solubility is extremely low especially under aerobic conditions at high-pH range. Therefore, plants have evolved efficient iron-uptake mechanisms. Because iron is prone to being precipitated and excess ionic iron is cytotoxic, plants also have sophisticated internal iron-transport mechanisms. These transport mechanisms comprise iron chelators including nicotianamine, mugineic acid family phytosiderophores and citrate, and various types of transporters of these chelators, iron-chelate complexes, or free iron ions. To maintain iron homeostasis, plants have developed mechanisms for regulating gene expression in response to iron availability. Expression of various genes involved in iron uptake and translocation is induced under iron deficiency by transcription factor networks and is negatively regulated by the ubiquitin ligase HRZ/BTS. This response is deduced to be mediated by cellular iron sensing as well as long-distance iron signaling. The ubiquitin ligase HRZ/BTS is a candidate intracellular iron sensor because it binds to iron and zinc, and its activity is affected by iron availability. The iron-excess response of plants is thought to be partially independent of the iron-deficiency response. In this review, we summarize and discuss extant knowledge of plant iron transport and its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Kobayashi
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nozoye
- Center for Liberal Arts, Meiji Gakuin University, 1518 Kamikurata-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 244-8539, Japan; Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoko K Nishizawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan; Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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24
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Abstract
Recent achievements and advances in comparative genomic and metagenomic analyses of trace metals were reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
| | - Huimin Ying
- Department of Endocrinology
- Hangzhou Xixi Hospital
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yinzhen Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
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25
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Tabbah SM, Buhimschi CS, Rodewald-Millen K, Pierson CR, Bhandari V, Samuels P, Buhimschi IA. Hepcidin, an Iron Regulatory Hormone of Innate Immunity, is Differentially Expressed in Premature Fetuses with Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis. Am J Perinatol 2018; 35. [PMID: 29532452 PMCID: PMC7412256 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1626711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepcidin, a mediator of innate immunity, binds the iron exporter ferroportin, leading to functional hypoferremia through intracellular iron sequestration. We explored hepcidin-ferroportin interactions in neonates clinically diagnosed with early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). STUDY DESIGN Hepcidin and interleukin (IL)-6 were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 92 paired cord blood-maternal blood samples in the following groups: "Yes" EONS (n = 41, gestational age [GA] 29 ± 1 weeks) and "No" EONS (n = 51, GA 26 ± 1 weeks). Placental hepcidin and ferroportin expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Liver hepcidin and ferroportin expression patterns were ascertained in autopsy specimens of neonates (n = 8) who died secondary to culture-proven sepsis. RESULTS Cord blood hepcidin was significantly elevated (GA corrected, p = 0.018) and was positively correlated with IL-6 (r = 0.379, p = 0.001) in EONS. Hepcidin localized at syncytiotrophoblast and fetal vascular endothelium. Placental ferroportin, but not hepcidin mRNA correlated with cord blood hepcidin levels (r = 0.46, p = 0.039) and funisitis severity (r = 0.50, p = 0.018). Newborns who died from sepsis (n = 4) had higher hepatic hepcidin and iron sequestration, but lower ferroportin staining than those who died of nonsepsis causes (n = 4). CONCLUSION Premature fetuses with EONS have elevated circulating hepcidin, likely related to lower placenta and liver ferroportin expression. Fetal hepcidin-ferroportin interaction appears to play a role in EONS pathophysiology independent of maternal response to intrauterine inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammy M. Tabbah
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Ohio State
University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Catalin S. Buhimschi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Ohio State
University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Katherine Rodewald-Millen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Ohio State
University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Christopher R. Pierson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide
Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, Departments of Pathology and
Biomedical Education & Anatomy, The Ohio State University College of Medicine
Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Vineet Bhandari
- Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of
Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19134
| | - Philip Samuels
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Ohio State
University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Irina A. Buhimschi
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at
Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College
of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210
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26
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Abstract
Healthy, term, breastfed infants usually have adequate iron stores that, together with the small amount of iron that is contributed by breast milk, make them iron sufficient until ≥6 mo of age. The appropriate concentration of iron in infant formula to achieve iron sufficiency is more controversial. Infants who are fed formula with varying concentrations of iron generally achieve sufficiency with iron concentrations of 2 mg/L (i.e., with iron status that is similar to that of breastfed infants at 6 mo of age). Regardless of the feeding choice, infants' capacity to regulate iron homeostasis is important but less well understood than the regulation of iron absorption in adults, which is inverse to iron status and strongly upregulated or downregulated. Infants who were given daily iron drops compared with a placebo from 4 to 6 mo of age had similar increases in hemoglobin concentrations. In addition, isotope studies have shown no difference in iron absorption between infants with high or low hemoglobin concentrations at 6 mo of age. Together, these findings suggest a lack of homeostatic regulation of iron homeostasis in young infants. However, at 9 mo of age, homeostatic regulatory capacity has developed although, to our knowledge, its extent is not known. Studies in suckling rat pups showed similar results with no capacity to regulate iron homeostasis at 10 d of age when fully nursing, but such capacity occurred at 20 d of age when pups were partially weaned. The major iron transporters in the small intestine divalent metal-ion transporter 1 (DMT1) and ferroportin were not affected by pup iron status at 10 d of age but were strongly affected by iron status at 20 d of age. Thus, mechanisms that regulate iron homeostasis are developed at the time of weaning. Overall, studies in human infants and experimental animals suggest that iron homeostasis is absent or limited early in infancy largely because of a lack of regulation of the iron transporters DMT1 and ferroportin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lönnerdal
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
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27
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Friedrisch JR, Friedrisch BK. Prophylactic Iron Supplementation in Pregnancy: A Controversial Issue. Biochem Insights 2017; 10:1178626417737738. [PMID: 29123406 PMCID: PMC5661664 DOI: 10.1177/1178626417737738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In our world today, iron deficiency (ID) is the most frequent nutritional deficiency and it is being considered as an epidemic public health crisis. Women of reproductive age and infants are at particular risk of ID, especially in underdeveloped countries. During pregnancy, iron deficiency anemia is a specific risk factor associated with negative maternal and perinatal outcomes. Many countries have iron supplementation (IS) programs-as recommended by the World Health Organization-during pregnancy; however, IS clinical benefits and risks are unclear. This review aims to discuss the threats and benefits of routine IS on maternal and infant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Ricardo Friedrisch
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruno Kras Friedrisch
- Departamento de Biologia e Farmácia, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
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28
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Deschemin JC, Mathieu JRR, Zumerle S, Peyssonnaux C, Vaulont S. Pulmonary Iron Homeostasis in Hepcidin Knockout Mice. Front Physiol 2017; 8:804. [PMID: 29089902 PMCID: PMC5650979 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary iron excess is deleterious and contributes to a range of chronic and acute inflammatory diseases. Optimal lung iron concentration is maintained through dynamic regulation of iron transport and storage proteins. The iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin is also expressed in the lung. In order to better understand the interactions between iron-associated molecules and the hepcidin-ferroportin axis in lung iron balance, we examined lung physiology and inflammatory responses in two murine models of systemic iron-loading, either hepcidin knock-out (Hepc KO) or liver-specific hepcidin KO mice (Hepc KOliv), which do (Hepc KOliv) or do not (Hepc KO) express lung hepcidin. We have found that increased plasma iron in Hepc KO mice is associated with increased pulmonary iron levels, consistent with increased cellular iron uptake by pulmonary epithelial cells, together with an increase at the apical membrane of the cells of the iron exporter ferroportin, consistent with increased iron export in the alveoli. Subsequently, alveolar macrophages (AM) accumulate iron in a non-toxic form and this is associated with elevated production of ferritin. The accumulation of iron in the lung macrophages of hepcidin KO mice contrasts with splenic and hepatic macrophages which contain low iron levels as we have previously reported. Hepc KOliv mice with liver-specific hepcidin deficiency demonstrated same pulmonary iron overload profile as the Hepc KO mice, suggesting that pulmonary hepcidin is not critical in maintaining local iron homeostasis. In addition, the high iron load in the lung of Hepc KO mice does not appear to enhance acute lung inflammation or injury. Lastly, we have shown that intraperitoneal LPS injection is not associated with pulmonary hepcidin induction, despite high levels of inflammatory cytokines. However, intranasal LPS injection stimulates a hepcidin response, likely derived from AM, and alters pulmonary iron content in Hepc KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Deschemin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Jacques R R Mathieu
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Sara Zumerle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Carole Peyssonnaux
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Vaulont
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
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29
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Ha JH, Doguer C, Collins JF. Consumption of a High-Iron Diet Disrupts Homeostatic Regulation of Intestinal Copper Absorption in Adolescent Mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2017; 313:G535-G360. [PMID: 28619730 PMCID: PMC5668571 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00169.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
High-iron feeding of rodents has been commonly used to model human iron-overload disorders. We recently noted that high-iron consumption impaired growth and caused severe systemic copper deficiency in growing rats, but the mechanism by which this occurred could not be determined due to technical limitations. In the current investigation, we thus utilized mice; first to determine if the same phenomenon occurred in another mammalian species, and secondly since we could assess in vivo copper absorption in mice. We hypothesized that excessive dietary iron impaired intestinal copper absorption. Weanling, male mice were thus fed AIN-93G-based diets containing high (HFe) (~8800 ppm) or adequate (AdFe) (~80 ppm) iron in combination with low (~0.9 ppm), adequate (~9 ppm) or high (~180 ppm) copper for several weeks. Iron and copper homeostasis was subsequently assessed. Mice consuming the HFe diets grew slower, were anemic, and had lower hepatic copper levels and serum ceruloplasmin activity. These physiologic perturbations were all prevented by higher dietary copper, demonstrating that copper depletion was the underlying cause. Furthermore, homeostatic regulation of copper absorption was noted in the mice consuming the AdFe diets, with absorption increasing as dietary copper decreased. HFe-fed mice did not have impaired copper absorption (disproving our hypothesis), but homeostatic control of absorption was disrupted. There were also noted perturbations in the tissue distribution of copper in the HFe-fed mice, suggesting that altered storage and thus bioavailability contributed to the noted copper deficiency. Dietary iron loading thus antagonizes copper homeostasis leading to pathological symptoms of severe copper depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Heun Ha
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Caglar Doguer
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - James F. Collins
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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30
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Messner DJ, Surrago C, Fiordalisi C, Chung WY, Kowdley KV. Isolation and characterization of iron chelators from turmeric (Curcuma longa): selective metal binding by curcuminoids. Biometals 2017; 30:699-708. [PMID: 28801864 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-017-0038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload disorders may be treated by chelation therapy. This study describes a novel method for isolating iron chelators from complex mixtures including plant extracts. We demonstrate the one-step isolation of curcuminoids from turmeric, the medicinal food spice derived from Curcuma longa. The method uses iron-nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)-agarose, to which curcumin binds rapidly, specifically, and reversibly. Curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin each bound iron-NTA-agarose with comparable affinities and a stoichiometry near 1. Analyses of binding efficiencies and purity demonstrated that curcuminoids comprise the primary iron binding compounds recovered from a crude turmeric extract. Competition of curcuminoid binding to the iron resin was used to characterize the metal binding site on curcumin and to detect iron binding by added chelators. Curcumin-Iron-NTA-agarose binding was inhibited by other metals with relative potency: (>90% inhibition) Cu2+ ~ Al3+ > Zn2+ ≥ Ca2+ ~ Mg2+ ~ Mn2+ (<20% inhibition). Binding was also inhibited by pharmaceutical iron chelators (desferoxamine or EDTA) or by higher concentrations of weak iron chelators (citrate or silibinin). Investigation of the physiological effects of iron binding by curcumin revealed that curcumin uptake by cultured cells was reduced >80% by addition of iron to the media; uptake was completely restored by desferoxamine. Ranking of metals by relative potencies for blocking curcumin uptake agreed with their relative potencies in blocking curcumin binding to iron-NTA-agarose. We conclude that curcumin can selectively bind toxic metals including iron in a physiological setting, and propose inhibition of curcumin binding to iron-NTA-agarose for iron chelator screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald J Messner
- Bastyr University, 14500 Juanita Drive NE, Kenmore, WA, 98028, USA.
| | | | - Celia Fiordalisi
- Bastyr University, 14500 Juanita Drive NE, Kenmore, WA, 98028, USA
| | - Wing Yin Chung
- Bastyr University, 14500 Juanita Drive NE, Kenmore, WA, 98028, USA
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31
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Piper JD, Piper PW. Benzoate and Sorbate Salts: A Systematic Review of the Potential Hazards of These Invaluable Preservatives and the Expanding Spectrum of Clinical Uses for Sodium Benzoate. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2017; 16:868-880. [PMID: 33371618 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate are extremely useful agents for food and beverage preservation, yet concerns remain over their complete safety. Benzoate can react with the ascorbic acid in drinks to produce the carcinogen benzene. A few children develop allergy to this additive while, as a competitive inhibitor of D-amino acid oxidase, benzoate can also influence neurotransmission and cognitive functioning. Model organism and cell culture studies have raised some issues. Benzoate has been found to exert teratogenic and neurotoxic effects on zebrafish embryos. In addition, benzoate and sorbate are reported to cause chromosome aberrations in cultured human lymphocytes; also to be potently mutagenic toward the mitochondrial DNA in aerobic yeast cells. Whether the substantial human consumption of these compounds could significantly increase levels of such damages in man is still unclear. There is no firm evidence that it is a risk factor in type 2 diabetes. The clinical administration of sodium benzoate is of proven benefit for many patients with urea cycle disorders, while recent studies indicate it may also be advantageous in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, early-stage Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Nevertheless, exposure to high amounts of this agent should be approached with caution, especially since it has the potential to generate a shortage of glycine which, in turn, can negatively influence brain neurochemistry. We discuss here how a small fraction of the population might be rendered-either through their genes or a chronic medical condition-particularly susceptible to any adverse effects of sodium benzoate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Piper
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Inst., Queen Mary Univ. of London, London, E1 2AT, United Kingdom
| | - Peter W Piper
- Dept. of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Univ. of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
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32
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Abstract
Intracranial haemorrhages, including intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH), intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition, haemorrhage contributes to tissue damage in traumatic brain injury (TBI). To date, efforts to treat the long-term consequences of cerebral haemorrhage have been unsatisfactory. Incident rates and mortality have not showed significant improvement in recent years. In terms of secondary damage following haemorrhage, it is becoming increasingly apparent that blood components are of integral importance, with haemoglobin-derived iron playing a major role. However, the damage caused by iron is complex and varied, and therefore, increased investigation into the mechanisms by which iron causes brain injury is required. As ICH, IVH, SAH and TBI are related, this review will discuss the role of iron in each, so that similarities in injury pathologies can be more easily identified. It summarises important components of normal brain iron homeostasis and analyses the existing evidence on iron-related brain injury mechanisms. It further discusses treatment options of particular promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Garton
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Richard F Keep
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ya Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Guohua Xi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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33
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Eid R, Arab NTT, Greenwood MT. Iron mediated toxicity and programmed cell death: A review and a re-examination of existing paradigms. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2016; 1864:399-430. [PMID: 27939167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron is an essential micronutrient that is problematic for biological systems since it is toxic as it generates free radicals by interconverting between ferrous (Fe2+) and ferric (Fe3+) forms. Additionally, even though iron is abundant, it is largely insoluble so cells must treat biologically available iron as a valuable commodity. Thus elaborate mechanisms have evolved to absorb, re-cycle and store iron while minimizing toxicity. Focusing on rarely encountered situations, most of the existing literature suggests that iron toxicity is common. A more nuanced examination clearly demonstrates that existing regulatory processes are more than adequate to limit the toxicity of iron even in response to iron overload. Only under pathological or artificially harsh situations of exposure to excess iron does it become problematic. Here we review iron metabolism and its toxicity as well as the literature demonstrating that intracellular iron is not toxic but a stress responsive programmed cell death-inducing second messenger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Eid
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nagla T T Arab
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael T Greenwood
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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34
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Zhang YT, Li FM, Guo YZ, Jiang LR, Ma J, Ke Y, Qian ZM. (Z)-ligustilide increases ferroportin1 expression and ferritin content in ischemic SH-SY5Y cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 792:48-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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35
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Wang Y, Du Y, Liu G, Guo S, Yang N, Hou B, Jiang X, Han B, Chang Y, Nie G. Contiguous gene deletion in HFE2 region (1q21.1) and pathogenic HFE2 mutations in a Chinese hereditary hemochromatosis patient. Gene Reports 2016; 5:167-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- S. F. O'Brien
- Canadian Blood Services; Ottawa ON Canada
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
| | - M. Goldman
- Canadian Blood Services; Ottawa ON Canada
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
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37
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Hamdi A, Roshan TM, Kahawita TM, Mason AB, Sheftel AD, Ponka P. Erythroid cell mitochondria receive endosomal iron by a "kiss-and-run" mechanism. Biochim Biophys Acta 2016; 1863:2859-2867. [PMID: 27627839 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In erythroid cells, more than 90% of transferrin-derived iron enters mitochondria where ferrochelatase inserts Fe2+ into protoporphyrin IX. However, the path of iron from endosomes to mitochondrial ferrochelatase remains elusive. The prevailing opinion is that, after its export from endosomes, the redox-active metal spreads into the cytosol and mysteriously finds its way into mitochondria through passive diffusion. In contrast, this study supports the hypothesis that the highly efficient transport of iron toward ferrochelatase in erythroid cells requires a direct interaction between transferrin-endosomes and mitochondria (the "kiss-and-run" hypothesis). Using a novel method (flow sub-cytometry), we analyze lysates of reticulocytes after labeling these organelles with different fluorophores. We have identified a double-labeled population definitively representing endosomes interacting with mitochondria, as demonstrated by confocal microscopy. Moreover, we conclude that this endosome-mitochondrion association is reversible, since a "chase" with unlabeled holotransferrin causes a time-dependent decrease in the size of the double-labeled population. Importantly, the dissociation of endosomes from mitochondria does not occur in the absence of holotransferrin. Additionally, mutated recombinant holotransferrin, that cannot release iron, significantly decreases the uptake of 59Fe by reticulocytes and diminishes 59Fe incorporation into heme. This suggests that endosomes, which are unable to provide iron to mitochondria, cause a "traffic jam" leading to decreased endocytosis of holotransferrin. Altogether, our results suggest that a molecular mechanism exists to coordinate the iron status of endosomal transferrin with its trafficking. Besides its contribution to the field of iron metabolism, this study provides evidence for a new intracellular trafficking pathway of organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Hamdi
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tariq M Roshan
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tanya M Kahawita
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne B Mason
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Alex D Sheftel
- Spartan Bioscience Inc., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; High Impact Editing, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Prem Ponka
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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