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Locatelli F, Martinelli L, Marchetti P, Caliskan G, Badaloni C, Caranci N, de Hoogh K, Gatti L, Rossi PG, Guarda L, Ottone M, Panunzi S, Stafoggia M, Silocchi C, Ricci P, Marcon A. Residential exposure to air pollution and incidence of leukaemia in the industrial area of Viadana, Northern Italy. Environ Res 2024:119120. [PMID: 38734295 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to air pollution has been proposed as one of the potential risk factors for leukaemia. Work-related formaldehyde exposure is suspected to cause leukaemia. METHODS We conducted a nested register-based case-control study on leukaemia incidence in the Viadana district, an industrial area for particleboard production in Northern Italy. We recruited 115 cases and 496 controls, frequency-matched by age, between 1999-2014. We assigned estimated exposures to particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and formaldehyde at residential addresses, averaged over the susceptibility window 3rd to 10th year prior to the index date. We considered potential confounding by sex, age, nationality, socio-economic status, occupational exposures to benzene and formaldehyde, and prior cancer diagnoses. RESULTS There was no association of exposures to PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 with leukaemia incidence. However, an indication of increased risk emerged for formaldehyde, despite wide statistical uncertainty (OR 1.46, 95%CI 0.65-3.25 per IQR-difference of 1.2 μg/m3). Estimated associations for formaldehyde were higher for acute (OR 2.07, 95%CI 0.70-6.12) and myeloid subtypes (OR 1.79, 95%CI 0.64-5.01), and in the 4-km buffer around the industrial facilities (OR 2.78, 95%CI 0.48-16.13), although they remained uncertain. CONCLUSIONS This was the first study investigating the link between ambient formaldehyde exposure and leukaemia incidence in the general population. The evidence presented suggests an association, although it remains inconclusive, and a potential significance of emissions related to industrial activities in the district. Further research is warranted in larger populations incorporating data on other potential risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Locatelli
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luigi Martinelli
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Marchetti
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gulser Caliskan
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Chiara Badaloni
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Caranci
- Department of innovation in healthcare and social services, Emilia-Romagna Region, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luciana Gatti
- Struttura Complessa Osservatorio Epidemiologico, Agenzia di Tutela della Salute della Val Padana, Mantova, Italy
| | - Paolo Giorgi Rossi
- Servizio di epidemiologia, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Linda Guarda
- Struttura Complessa Osservatorio Epidemiologico, Agenzia di Tutela della Salute della Val Padana, Mantova, Italy
| | - Marta Ottone
- Servizio di epidemiologia, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Silvia Panunzi
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Silocchi
- Struttura Semplice Salute e Ambiente, Agenzia di Tutela della Salute della Val Padana, Mantova, Italy
| | - Paolo Ricci
- Former Director UOC Osservatorio Epidemiologico, Agenzia di Tutela della Salute della Val Padana, Mantova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marcon
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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Iriani A, Rachman A, Fatina MK, Gemilang RK, Trisnandi A, Nugraha MFI. Gene expression profiling of vitamin D metabolism enzymes in leukemia and lymphoma patients: molecular aspect interplay of VDR, CYP2R1, and CYP24A1. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:526. [PMID: 38632160 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09432-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among the Indonesian population, particularly in individuals diagnosed with leukemia-lymphoma. The regulation of vitamin D metabolism is influenced by the expression of several enzymes, such as CYP2R1, CYP24A1, and the vitamin D receptor (VDR). This study aimed to scrutinize the gene expression profiles in both mRNA and protein levels of VDR, CYP2R1, and CYP24A1 in leukemia and lymphoma patients. METHOD The research was a cross-sectional study conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) in Jakarta, Indonesia. The study included a total of 45 patients aged over 18 years old who have received a diagnosis of lymphoma or leukemia. Vitamin D status was measured by examining serum 25 (OH) D levels. The analysis of VDR, CYP2R1, and CYP24A1 mRNA expression utilized the qRT-PCR method, while protein levels were measured through the ELISA method. CONCLUSION The study revealed a noteworthy difference in VDR protein levels between men and women. The highest mean CYP24A1 protein levels were observed in the age group > 60 years. This study found a significant, moderately positive correlation between VDR protein levels and CYP24A1 protein levels in the male and vitamin D sufficiency groups. In addition, a significant positive correlation was found between VDR mRNA levels and CYP2R1 mRNA levels, VDR mRNA levels and CYP2R1 mRNA levels, and CYP2R1 mRNA levels and CYP24A1 mRNA levels. However, the expression of these genes does not correlate with the protein levels of its mRNA translation products in blood circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anggraini Iriani
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Yarsi University, Yarsi Hospital, Jl. Letjen Suprapto Kav 13, Cempaka Putih, Jakarta, 10510, Indonesia.
| | - Andhika Rachman
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Manguskusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | | | - Media Fitri Isma Nugraha
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia
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Liu Y, Yu S, Chen Y, Hu Z, Fan L, Liang G. The clinical regimens and cell membrane camouflaged nanodrug delivery systems in hematologic malignancies treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1376955. [PMID: 38689664 PMCID: PMC11059051 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1376955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies (HMs), also referred to as hematological or blood cancers, pose significant threats to patients as they impact the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system. Despite significant clinical strategies using chemotherapy, radiotherapy, stem cell transplantation, targeted molecular therapy, or immunotherapy, the five-year overall survival of patients with HMs is still low. Fortunately, recent studies demonstrate that the nanodrug delivery system holds the potential to address these challenges and foster effective anti-HMs with precise treatment. In particular, cell membrane camouflaged nanodrug offers enhanced drug targeting, reduced toxicity and side effects, and/or improved immune response to HMs. This review firstly introduces the merits and demerits of clinical strategies in HMs treatment, and then summarizes the types, advantages, and disadvantages of current nanocarriers helping drug delivery in HMs treatment. Furthermore, the types, functions, and mechanisms of cell membrane fragments that help nanodrugs specifically targeted to and accumulate in HM lesions are introduced in detail. Finally, suggestions are given about their clinical translation and future designs on the surface of nanodrugs with multiple functions to improve therapeutic efficiency for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Shanwu Yu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yixiang Chen
- Luoyang Vocational and Technical College, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Zhihong Hu
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Lingling Fan
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Gaofeng Liang
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
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Ashoub MH, Razavi R, Heydaryan K, Salavati-Niasari M, Amiri M. Targeting ferroptosis for leukemia therapy: exploring novel strategies from its mechanisms and role in leukemia based on nanotechnology. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:224. [PMID: 38594732 PMCID: PMC11003188 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01822-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The latest findings in iron metabolism and the newly uncovered process of ferroptosis have paved the way for new potential strategies in anti-leukemia treatments. In the current project, we reviewed and summarized the current role of nanomedicine in the treatment and diagnosis of leukemia through a comparison made between traditional approaches applied in the treatment and diagnosis of leukemia via the existing investigations about the ferroptosis molecular mechanisms involved in various anti-tumor treatments. The application of nanotechnology and other novel technologies may provide a new direction in ferroptosis-driven leukemia therapies. The article explores the potential of targeting ferroptosis, a new form of regulated cell death, as a new therapeutic strategy for leukemia. It discusses the mechanisms of ferroptosis and its role in leukemia and how nanotechnology can enhance the delivery and efficacy of ferroptosis-inducing agents. The article not only highlights the promise of ferroptosis-targeted therapies and nanotechnology in revolutionizing leukemia treatment, but also calls for further research to overcome challenges and fully realize the clinical potential of this innovative approach. Finally, it discusses the challenges and opportunities in clinical applications of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hossein Ashoub
- Department of Hematology and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Razieh Razavi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Kamran Heydaryan
- Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Masoud Salavati-Niasari
- Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-51167, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Amiri
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran.
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Jin F, Tian W, Xia L, Yang M, Chen Y, Li J, Liu L. Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward leukemia in the general population and among family members of patients with leukemia: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26276. [PMID: 38439856 PMCID: PMC10909635 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with leukemia rely on social and family support. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward leukemia among family members of patients with leukemia and the general population in southeast China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2022 in southeast China (Anhui Province). The KAP scores and demographic data were assessed by questionnaire and analyzed by multivariable logistic regression and structural equation modeling. Results A total of 760 valid questionnaires were collected, including 117 (15.39%) answered by family members of patients with leukemia. The mean knowledge (8.30 ± 2.79 vs. 8.72 ± 2.56, P = 0.103), attitude (52.17 ± 5.52 vs. 52.27 ± 5.53, P = 0.862), and practice (8.06 ± 2.00 vs. 8.18 ± 2.05, P = 0.547) scores were comparable among family members and the general population. Higher knowledge scores [OR = 1.18 (1.10, 1.27), P < 0.001] and higher attitude scores [OR = 1.05 (1.02, 1.09), P = 0.002] were independently associated with better practice scores. Being a family member of a patient with leukemia had no significant effect on the KAP scores. Conclusion The participants demonstrated satisfactory knowledge, positive attitude, and appropriate practices toward leukemia, suggesting that access to information about leukemia to the general public might be sufficient in China. Health education might effectively improve knowledge, which could translate into improved attitude and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengbo Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, 230011, China
| | - Wanlu Tian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, 230011, China
| | - Leiming Xia
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, 230011, China
| | - Mingzhen Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, 230011, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, 230011, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, 230011, China
| | - Lixia Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, 230011, China
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Rahman A, Noor F, Ashfaq UA, Darwish HW, Aschner M, Din ZU, Khan H. Multitarget Mechanisms of Monocarbonyl Curcuminoid Analogues against HL-60 Cancer Cells: In Vitro and Network Pharmacology-Based Approach. ACS Omega 2024; 9:11836-11847. [PMID: 38496962 PMCID: PMC10938336 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This study addressed the cytotoxic potential of four compounds: monocarbonyl curcuminoid, ethyl (2E)-2-benzylidene-3-oxobutanoate 1, 1,2-dimethoxy-12-methyl-13H- [1,3] benzodioxolo[5,6-c] phenanthridine 2, 3,5-dibenzyloxybenzyl bromide 3, and (E)-4-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)hexan-3-one 4. In vitro cytotoxic assays were carried out in HL-60 and BJ cells using the MTT assay along with analysis of apoptosis with the annexin V detection kit. Additional network pharmacology and docking analyses were carried out. In the in vitro assays, compounds 2 and 4 displayed significant antiproliferative effects in HL-60 cells, exhibiting IC50 values of 5.02 and 9.50 μM, respectively. Compound 1 showed no activity, and compound 3 displayed toxicity in BJ cells. In addition, both compounds 2 and 4 induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. Network pharmacology and docking analyses indicated that compounds 2 and 4 had synergistic effects targeting the CASP3 and PARP1 proteins. Notably, these proteins play pivotal roles in cancer-related pathways. Thus, by modulating these proteins, monocarbonyl curcuminoid has the potential to influence various cancer-related pathways. In summary, our novel findings provide valuable insights into the potential of these compounds to serve as novel anticancer therapeutic agents, warranting further mechanistic studies and clinical exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Rahman
- Department
of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Noor
- Department
of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government
College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Department
of Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department
of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government
College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hany W. Darwish
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department
of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein
College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Zia Ud Din
- LaBioMMi,
Department of Chemistry, Federal University
of São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos 13.565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
- Guangzhou
Gusen Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Building B1, Yunsheng Science Park, No.11, Middle Spectrum Road,
Huangpu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, China
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department
of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
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Bacharach T, Kaushansky N, Shlush LI. Age-related micro-environmental changes as drivers of clonal hematopoiesis. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:53-57. [PMID: 38133628 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Both aging and reduced diversity at the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) level are ubiquitous. What remains unclear is why some individuals develop clonal hematopoiesis (CH), and why does CH due to specific mutations occur in specific individuals. Much like aging, reduced diversity of HSCs is a complex phenotype shaped by numerous factors (germline & environment). The purpose of the current review is to discuss the role of two other age-related ubiquitous processes that might contribute to the dynamics and characteristics of losing HSC diversity and the evolution of CH. These processes have not been reviewed in depth so far and include the accumulation of fatty bone marrow (FBM), and the decline in sex hormones. RECENT FINDINGS Interestingly, sex hormone decline can directly shape HSC function, but also reshape the delicate balance of BM supporting cells, with a shift towards FBM. FBM accumulation can shape the clonal expansion of preleukemic mutations, particularly DNMT3A mutations, through IL-6 mediation. DNMT3A mutations are one of the only preleukemic mutations which is more prevalent in women, and especially in women with early menopause, demonstrating an association between age-related hormone decline and CH evolution, the mechanisms of which are yet to be discovered. SUMMARY Aging is a multifactorial phenotype and the same is true for the aging of the blood system. While many factors which can shape CH have been discussed, we shed more light on FBM and sex hormone decline. Much more is missing: how and should we even try to prevent these phenomena? Why do they occur? and how they are connected to other age-related blood factors?
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Bacharach
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
| | - Nathali Kaushansky
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
| | - Liran I Shlush
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
- Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Tan JY, Yeo YH, Tan MC, Chavez JC, Chisti MM. Mortality trends of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in the United States with the emergence of targeted therapy. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:1114-1117. [PMID: 38155366 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yi Tan
- Department of Internal Medicine, New York Medical College at Saint Michael's Medical Center, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yong-Hao Yeo
- Department of Internal Medicine/Pediatrics, Corewell Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| | - Min Choon Tan
- Department of Internal Medicine, New York Medical College at Saint Michael's Medical Center, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Julio C Chavez
- Department of Hematologic Malignancies, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Mohammad Muhsin Chisti
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
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Tsilingiris D, Vallianou NG, Spyrou N, Kounatidis D, Christodoulatos GS, Karampela I, Dalamaga M. Obesity and Leukemia: Biological Mechanisms, Perspectives, and Challenges. Curr Obes Rep 2024; 13:1-34. [PMID: 38159164 PMCID: PMC10933194 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To examine the epidemiological data on obesity and leukemia; evaluate the effect of obesity on leukemia outcomes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors; assess the potential mechanisms through which obesity may increase the risk of leukemia; and provide the effects of obesity management on leukemia. Preventive (diet, physical exercise, obesity pharmacotherapy, bariatric surgery) measures, repurposing drugs, candidate therapeutic agents targeting oncogenic pathways of obesity and insulin resistance in leukemia as well as challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic are also discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Obesity has been implicated in the development of 13 cancers, such as breast, endometrial, colon, renal, esophageal cancers, and multiple myeloma. Leukemia is estimated to account for approximately 2.5% and 3.1% of all new cancer incidence and mortality, respectively, while it represents the most frequent cancer in children younger than 5 years. Current evidence indicates that obesity may have an impact on the risk of leukemia. Increased birthweight may be associated with the development of childhood leukemia. Obesity is also associated with worse outcomes and increased mortality in leukemic patients. However, there are several limitations and challenges in meta-analyses and epidemiological studies. In addition, weight gain may occur in a substantial number of childhood ALL survivors while the majority of studies have documented an increased risk of relapse and mortality among patients with childhood ALL and obesity. The main pathophysiological pathways linking obesity to leukemia include bone marrow adipose tissue; hormones such as insulin and the insulin-like growth factor system as well as sex hormones; pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α; adipocytokines, such as adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and visfatin; dyslipidemia and lipid signaling; chronic low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress; and other emerging mechanisms. Obesity represents a risk factor for leukemia, being among the only known risk factors that could be prevented or modified through weight loss, healthy diet, and physical exercise. Pharmacological interventions, repurposing drugs used for cardiometabolic comorbidities, and bariatric surgery may be recommended for leukemia and obesity-related cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsilingiris
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Natalia G Vallianou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou str, 10676, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Spyrou
- Tisch Cancer Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1190 One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Dimitris Kounatidis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou str, 10676, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Irene Karampela
- 2nd Department of Critical Care, Medical School, University of Athens, Attikon General University Hospital, 1 Rimini Str, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias str, 11527, Athens, Greece.
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Tu H, Zhou X, Zhou H, Luo Z, Yan Y, Luo Z, Qi Q. Anti-tumor effect and mechanisms of Timosaponin AIII across diverse cancer progression. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116080. [PMID: 38402911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Timosaponin AIII (TAIII), a steroidal saponin derived from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, has gained attention for its versatile therapeutic properties. While well-established for its anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and anticoagulant properties, emerging research highlights its potent anti-tumor capabilities. This review synthesizes recent findings on the intricate mechanisms and diverse functions of TAIII in cancer therapy, elucidating its impact on various tumor cells, encompassing the effects of TAIII on critical aspects of cancer progression, including metastasis, apoptosis, and autophagy. Additionally, the shared features of TAIII-induced anti-tumor activities, the factors contributing to the multifaceted anti-cancer activities of TAIII, and an exploration of the advantages and disadvantages associated with the regulation of multiple anti-tumor pathways by TAIII are discussed. Furthermore, the detailed regulation of signaling pathways is delineated and tailored to specific cancer types, providing a comprehensive overview of the potential development of TAIII as a promising anti-tumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyun Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Drug Ability Assessment, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Drug Ability Assessment, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haixia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Drug Ability Assessment, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zepeng Luo
- Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital (Clinical College) of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Functional Experimental Teaching Center, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhongping Luo
- Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital (Clinical College) of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China.
| | - Qi Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Drug Ability Assessment, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Romero-Morelos P, González-Yebra AL, Muñoz-López D, Lara-Lona E, González-Yebra B. Frequencies of BCR::ABL1 Transcripts in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:232. [PMID: 38397221 PMCID: PMC10888370 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is associated with the Philadelphia chromosome and distinct BCR::ABL1 gene transcripts. We assessed the frequencies of these transcripts in Mexico, Latin America, and worldwide. We determined the prevalence of BCR::ABL1 transcripts in CML patients and intercontinental or regional variations using specialized databases and keywords. We analyzed 34 studies from 20 countries, encompassing 5795 patients. Keyword-based searches in specialized databases guided data collection. ANOVA was employed for transcript distribution analysis. The b3a2 transcript was most prevalent globally, followed by b2a2, with e1a2 being the least frequent. Interestingly, Mexico City exhibited a higher incidence of b2a2, while b3a2 predominated in the remaining country. Overall, no significant intercontinental or regional variations were observed. b3a2 was the most common BCR::ABL1 transcript worldwide, with b2a2 following closely; e1a2 was infrequent. Notably, this trend remained consistent in Mexico. Evaluating transcript frequencies holds clinical relevance for CML management. Understanding the frequency of transcript informs personalized CML treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Romero-Morelos
- Department of Research, State University of the Valley of Ecatepec, Ecatepec 55210, Mexico State, Mexico
| | - Ana Lilia González-Yebra
- Department of Applied Sciences to Work, Division of Health Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Campus León, León 37320, Guanajuato, Mexico;
| | - Daniela Muñoz-López
- Department of Medicine and Nutrition, Division of Health Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Campus León, León 37320, Guanajuato, Mexico; (D.M.-L.); (E.L.-L.)
| | - Elia Lara-Lona
- Department of Medicine and Nutrition, Division of Health Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Campus León, León 37320, Guanajuato, Mexico; (D.M.-L.); (E.L.-L.)
| | - Beatriz González-Yebra
- Department of Medicine and Nutrition, Division of Health Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Campus León, León 37320, Guanajuato, Mexico; (D.M.-L.); (E.L.-L.)
- Research Unit, Bajío Regional High Specialty Hospital, León, Guanajuato, Blvd. Milenio, Col, San Carlos, León 37544, Guanajuato, Mexico
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Lantz J, Pham N, Jones C, Reed D, El Chaer F, Keng M. Blinatumomab in Practice. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2024; 19:1-8. [PMID: 38060085 DOI: 10.1007/s11899-023-00714-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare hematologic neoplasm in adults, with most cases defined by pathology related to abnormal B cell proliferation known as B-cell ALL. The course is challenging, with less-than-optimal survival outcomes, even with aggressive multiagent chemotherapy and consideration for stem cell transplantation. Novel therapies focused on targetable pathways are being investigated to improve outcomes while simultaneously decreasing toxicity. In our review, we aim to evaluate the utilization of blinatumomab in B-cell ALL and provide insight on how this guides our management. RECENT FINDINGS Blinatumomab is a bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) immunotherapy that neutralizes malignant cells by instigating CD3-positive T cells to target CD19-positive B cells. However, this therapy targets both malignant and non-malignant lymphocytes with potentially severe side effects such as cytokine release syndrome or neurotoxicity. Evidence evaluating utilization in the relapsed or refractory setting has been most supported; however, newer trials have also indicated improved survival in the frontline treatment of B-cell ALL. As this therapy is relatively new, the treatment team may include members who are less experienced with the typical treatment course and drug mechanics. This review synthesized available data investigating the effectiveness of blinatumomab effectiveness and its adverse events in addition to providing guidance on safe administration methods utilizing a multidisciplinary healthcare team. When care is coordinated in these settings, serious side effects can be recognized early, allowing for necessary intervention leading to improved quality of life and overall survival. Future research will continue to evaluate blinatumomab in different lines of therapy and expand its way into community settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Lantz
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Natalie Pham
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Caroline Jones
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Daniel Reed
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Firas El Chaer
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Michael Keng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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Erdoğdu İH, Örenay-Boyacıoğlu S, Boyacıoğlu O, Kahraman-Çetin N, Kacar-Döger F, Yavaşoğlu İ, Bolaman AZ. Evaluation of New Generation Sequencing (NGS)-Based Somatic Gene Variations and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Based Gene Fusions in Elderly and Young Acute Leukemia Patients: A Retrospective View. J Pers Med 2024; 14:140. [PMID: 38392574 PMCID: PMC10890296 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant diseases occurring in elderly patients follow a different course from younger patients and show different genetic structures. Therefore, in this retrospective study, the somatic gene variant profile and fusion gene profiles of elderly and young acute leukemia patients were determined to draw attention to the existing genetic difference, and the results were compared. In this study, the records of 204 acute leukemia patients aged 18+ who were referred to the Molecular Pathology Laboratory from the Hematology Clinic between 2018 and 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. Fusion gene detection in patients was performed with the HemaVision®-28Q Panel. The NGS Myeloid Neoplasms Panel was conducted using the MiniSEQ NGS platform according to the manufacturer's protocol. When all cases are evaluated together, the most frequently diagnosed acute leukemia is acute myeloid leukemia (85.8%). Both groups had a similar fusion gene profile; however, the fusion burden was higher in the elderly group. When the groups were evaluated in terms of somatic gene variations, there were differences between the groups, and the variation load was higher in the elderly group. Considering the different somatic gene variation profiles, it is understood that the genetic structure of tumor cells is different in elderly patients compared to young cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim Halil Erdoğdu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Türkiye
| | - Seda Örenay-Boyacıoğlu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Türkiye
| | - Olcay Boyacıoğlu
- Faculty of Engineering, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Türkiye
| | - Nesibe Kahraman-Çetin
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Türkiye
| | - Füruzan Kacar-Döger
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Türkiye
| | - İrfan Yavaşoğlu
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Türkiye
| | - Ali Zahit Bolaman
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Türkiye
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Shi X, Wallach JD, Ma X, Rogne T. Autoimmune diseases and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A Mendelian randomisation study. medRxiv 2024:2024.01.20.24301459. [PMID: 38343812 PMCID: PMC10854352 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.20.24301459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Objective To examine whether genetically predicted susceptibility to ten autoimmune diseases (Behçet's disease, coeliac disease, dermatitis herpetiformis, lupus, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes) is associated with risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Design Two sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Setting Genome wide association studies (GWASs) of ten autoimmune diseases, NHL, and four NHL subtypes (i.e., follicular lymphoma, mature T/natural killer-cell lymphomas, non-follicular lymphoma, and other and unspecified types of NHL). Analysis We used data from the largest publicly available GWASs of European ancestry for each autoimmune disease, NHL, and NHL subtypes. For each autoimmune disease, we extracted single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly associated (P < 5×10-8) with that disease and that were independent of one another (R2 < 1×10-3) as genetic instruments. SNPs within the human leukocyte antigen region were not considered due to potential pleiotropy. Our primary MR analysis was the inverse-variance weighted analysis. Additionally, we conducted MR-Egger, weighted mode, and weighted median regression to address potential bias due to pleiotropy, and robust adjusted profile scores to address weak instrument bias. We carried out sensitivity analysis limited to the non-immune pathway for nominally significant findings. To account for multiple testing, we set the thresholds for statistical significance at P < 5×10-3. Participants The number of cases and controls identified in the relevant GWASs were 437 and 3,325 for Behçet's disease, 4,918 and 5,684 for coeliac disease, 435 and 341,188 for dermatitis herpetiformis, 4,576 and 8,039 for lupus, 11,988 and 275,335 for psoriasis, 22,350 and 74,823 for rheumatoid arthritis, 3,597 and 337,121 for sarcoidosis, 2,735 and 332,115 for Sjögren's syndrome, 9,095 and 17,584 for systemic sclerosis, 18,942 and 501,638 for type 1 diabetes, 2,400 and 410,350 for NHL; and 296 to 2,340 cases and 271,463 controls for NHL subtypes. Exposures Genetic variants predicting ten autoimmune diseases: Behçet's disease, coeliac disease, dermatitis herpetiformis, lupus, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes. Main outcome measures Estimated associations between genetically predicted susceptibility to ten autoimmune diseases and the risk of NHL. Results The variance of each autoimmune disease explained by the SNPs ranged from 0.3% to 3.1%. Negative associations between type 1 diabetes and sarcoidosis and the risk of NHL were observed (odds ratio [OR] 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92 to 0.98, P = 5×10-3, and OR 0.92, 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.99, P = 2.8×10-2, respectively). These findings were supported by the sensitivity analyses accounting for potential pleiotropy and weak instrument bias. No significant associations were found between the other eight autoimmune diseases and NHL risk. Of the NHL subtypes, type 1 diabetes was most strongly associated with follicular lymphoma (OR 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86 to 0.96, P = 1×10-3), while sarcoidosis was most strongly associated with other and unspecified NHL (OR 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75 to 0.97, P = 1.8×10-2). Conclusions These findings suggest that genetically predicted susceptibility to type 1 diabetes, and to some extent sarcoidosis, might reduce the risk of NHL. However, future studies with different datasets, approaches, and populations are warranted to further examine the potential associations between these autoimmune diseases and the risk of NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Shi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Joshua D. Wallach
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiaomei Ma
- Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tormod Rogne
- Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Rezoan Hossain M, Zahra Shova FT, Akter M, Shuvo S, Ahmed N, Akter A, Haque M, Salma U, Roman Mogal M, Saha HR, Sarkar BC, Sohel M. Esculetin unveiled: Decoding its anti-tumor potential through molecular mechanisms-A comprehensive review. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e1948. [PMID: 38062981 PMCID: PMC10809201 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing complexity of cancer has made it a significant concern in the medical community. Although cancer research has advanced, it is still challenging to create new effective medications due to the limitations and side effects of existing treatment strategies. These are enforcing the development of some alternative drugs from natural compounds with fewer drawbacks and side effects. AIM Therefore, this review aims to provide up-to-date, crucial, and all-encompassing data on esculetin's anticancer activity, including all relevant molecular and cellular processes based on in vivo and in vitro investigations. RESULTS According to the literature review, esculetin is available in nature and is effective against 16 different types of cancer. The general mechanism shown by esculetin is modulating signaling cascades and its related pathways, like cell proliferation, cell growth, autophagy, apoptosis, necrosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, metastasis, invasion, and DNA damage. Nanoformulation of esculetin improves this natural product's efficacy by improving water solubility. Esculetin's synergistic effects with both natural substances and conventional treatments have been shown, and this method aids in reversing resistance mechanisms by modulating resistance-related proteins. In addition, it has fewer side effects on humans than other phytochemicals and standard drugs with some good pharmacokinetic features. CONCLUSION Therefore, until standard chemotherapeutics are available in pharmaceutical markets, esculetin should be used as a therapeutic drug against various cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatema Tuj Zahra Shova
- Biotechnology and Genetic EngineeringMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Munni Akter
- Department of MedicalDinajpure Nursing College (Affiliated Rajshahi University)DinajpurBangladesh
| | - Shahporan Shuvo
- Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Nasim Ahmed
- Department of PharmacyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Afroza Akter
- Departmnet of MicrobiologyNoakhali Science and Technology UniversityNoakhaliBangladesh
| | - Munira Haque
- Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyPrimeasia UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Umme Salma
- Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyPrimeasia UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md Roman Mogal
- Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Hasi Rani Saha
- Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyPrimeasia UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | | | - Md Sohel
- Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
- Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyPrimeasia UniversityDhakaBangladesh
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16
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Chen Y, Zhao J, Sun P, Cheng M, Xiong Y, Sun Z, Zhang Y, Li K, Ye Y, Shuai P, Huang H, Li X, Liu Y, Wan Z. Estimates of the global burden of non-Hodgkin lymphoma attributable to HIV: a population attributable modeling study. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 67:102370. [PMID: 38130708 PMCID: PMC10733638 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) significantly increases the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) development, yet the population-level impact on NHL burden is unquantified. We aim to quantify this association and estimate the global burden of HIV-associated NHL. Methods In this meta-analysis, we searched five databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus) from database inception up to September 13, 2023, identifying cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional studies with an effective control group to assess NHL risk among individuals with HIV infection, with two authors extracting summary data from reports. Global and regional HIV-associated population attributable fraction (PAF) and NHL disease burden were calculated based on the pooled risk ratio (RR). HIV prevalence and NHL incidence were obtained from the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019. Trends in NHL incidence due to HIV were assessed using age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023404150). Findings Out of 14,929 literature sources, 39 articles met our inclusion criteria. The risk of NHL was significantly increased in the population living with HIV (pooled RR 23.51, 95% CI 17.62-31.37; I2 = 100%, p < 0.0001), without publication bias. Globally, 6.92% (95% CI 2.18%-11.57%) of NHL new cases in 2019 were attributable to HIV infection (30,503, 95% CI 9585-52,209), which marked a more than three-fold increase from 1990 (8340, 95% CI 3346-13,799). The UNAIDS region of Eastern and Southern Africa was the highest affected region, with 44.46% (95% CI 19.62%-58.57%) of NHL new cases attributed to HIV infection. The Eastern Europe and Central Asia region experienced the highest increase in ASIR of NHL due to HIV in the past thirty years, wherein the EAPC was 8.74% (95% CI 7.66%-9.84%), from 2010 to 2019. Interpretation People with HIV infection face a significantly increased risk of NHL. Targeted prevention and control policies are especially crucial for countries in Eastern and Southern Africa, Eastern Europe and Central Asia, to achieve the UNAIDS's '90-90-90' Fast-Track targets. Limited studies across diverse regions and heterogeneity between research have hindered precise estimations for specific periods and regions. Funding Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China; Health Care for Cadres of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China; Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Health Management Centre & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Zhao
- Department of School of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Sun
- Department of Health Management Centre & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengli Cheng
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumour Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yiquan Xiong
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaochen Sun
- Department of Health Management Centre & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- Department of School of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kangning Li
- Department of School of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunli Ye
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ping Shuai
- Department of Health Management Centre & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hairong Huang
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumour Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of School of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Department of Health Management Centre & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengwei Wan
- Department of Health Management Centre & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Liu Y, Du Z, Li T, Zhang J, Cheng Y, Huang J, Yang J, Wen L, Tian M, Yang M, Chen C. Lycorine eliminates B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells by targeting PSAT1 through the serine/glycine metabolic pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 961:176162. [PMID: 37951487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) has been confirmed as the most common malignant hematologic neoplasm among children. A novel antitumor mechanism of lycorine was elucidated in this study. As revealed by the result of this study, lycorine significantly inhibited the growth and proliferation of REH and NALM-6 and induced their apoptosis. The result of the RNA-seq analysis suggested that lycorine targeted PSAT1 of serine/glycine metabolism in B-ALL cells. As indicated by the result of the GSEA analysis, the genes enriched in the amino acid metabolic pathways were down-regulated by lycorine. As revealed by the results of ectopic expression, shRNA knockdown assays, and further liquid-phase tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis, lycorine reduced serine/glycine metabolites by down-regulating PSAT1, further disrupting carbon metabolism and eliminating B-ALL cells. Furthermore, lycorine showed a synergistic effect with cytarabine in ALL treatments. Lastly, lycorine significantly down-regulated leukemia progression in the cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) model. In brief, this study has suggested for the first time that lycorine is a promising anti-ALL drug, and a novel amino acid metabolism-associated property of lycorine was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China; Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zefan Du
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianwen Li
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yucai Cheng
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junbing Huang
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luping Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengyao Tian
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mo Yang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Chun Chen
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China.
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Karsten H, Matrisch L, Cichutek S, Fiedler W, Alsdorf W, Block A. Broadening the horizon: potential applications of CAR-T cells beyond current indications. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1285406. [PMID: 38090582 PMCID: PMC10711079 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1285406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering immune cells to treat hematological malignancies has been a major focus of research since the first resounding successes of CAR-T-cell therapies in B-ALL. Several diseases can now be treated in highly therapy-refractory or relapsed conditions. Currently, a number of CD19- or BCMA-specific CAR-T-cell therapies are approved for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), multiple myeloma (MM), and follicular lymphoma (FL). The implementation of these therapies has significantly improved patient outcome and survival even in cases with previously very poor prognosis. In this comprehensive review, we present the current state of research, recent innovations, and the applications of CAR-T-cell therapy in a selected group of hematologic malignancies. We focus on B- and T-cell malignancies, including the entities of cutaneous and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (T-ALL, PTCL, CTCL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), classical Hodgkin-Lymphoma (HL), Burkitt-Lymphoma (BL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM). While these diseases are highly heterogenous, we highlight several similarly used approaches (combination with established therapeutics, target depletion on healthy cells), targets used in multiple diseases (CD30, CD38, TRBC1/2), and unique features that require individualized approaches. Furthermore, we focus on current limitations of CAR-T-cell therapy in individual diseases and entities such as immunocompromising tumor microenvironment (TME), risk of on-target-off-tumor effects, and differences in the occurrence of adverse events. Finally, we present an outlook into novel innovations in CAR-T-cell engineering like the use of artificial intelligence and the future role of CAR-T cells in therapy regimens in everyday clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Karsten
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ludwig Matrisch
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sophia Cichutek
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Division of Pneumology, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Walter Fiedler
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Division of Pneumology, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Alsdorf
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Division of Pneumology, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Block
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Division of Pneumology, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Rodrigues WF, Miguel CB, de Abreu MCM, Neto JM, Oliveira CJF. Potential Associations between Vascular Biology and Hodgkin's Lymphoma: An Overview. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5299. [PMID: 37958472 PMCID: PMC10649902 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a lymphatic neoplasm typically found in the cervical lymph nodes. The disease is multifactorial, and in recent years, the relationships between various vascular molecules have been explored in the field of vascular biology. The connection between vascular biology and HL is intricate and the roles of several pathways remain unclear. This review summarizes the cellular and molecular relationships between vascular biology and HL. Proteins associated with various functions in vascular biology, including cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-13, and IL-21), chemokines (CXCL10, CXCL12, and CCL21), adhesion molecules (ELAM-1/VCAM-1), and growth factors (BDNF/NT-3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α), have been linked to tumor activity. Notable tumor activities include the induction of paracrine activation of NF-kB-dependent pathways, upregulation of adhesion molecule regulation, genome amplification, and effective loss of antigen presentation mediated by MHC-II. Preclinical study models, primarily those using cell culture, have been optimized for HL. Animal models, particularly mice, are also used as alternatives to complex biological systems, with studies primarily focusing on the physiopathogenic evaluation of the disease. These biomolecules warrant further study because they may shed light on obscure pathways and serve as targets for prevention and/or treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellington Francisco Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Course in Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, UFTM, Uberaba 38025-440, MG, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (C.J.F.O.)
- University Center of Mineiros, Unifimes, Mineiros 75833-130, GO, Brazil; (M.C.M.d.A.); (J.M.N.)
| | - Camila Botelho Miguel
- Postgraduate Course in Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, UFTM, Uberaba 38025-440, MG, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (C.J.F.O.)
- University Center of Mineiros, Unifimes, Mineiros 75833-130, GO, Brazil; (M.C.M.d.A.); (J.M.N.)
| | | | - Jamil Miguel Neto
- University Center of Mineiros, Unifimes, Mineiros 75833-130, GO, Brazil; (M.C.M.d.A.); (J.M.N.)
| | - Carlo José Freire Oliveira
- Postgraduate Course in Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, UFTM, Uberaba 38025-440, MG, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (C.J.F.O.)
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Zhang M, Lang X, Chen X, Lv Y. Prospective Identification of Prognostic Hot-Spot Mutant Gene Signatures for Leukemia: A Computational Study Based on Integrative Analysis of TCGA and cBioPortal Data. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1898-1912. [PMID: 36879146 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00704-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The advantage of an increasing amount of bioinformatics data on leukemias intrigued us to explore the hot-spot mutation profiles and investigate the implications of those hot-spot mutations in patient survival. We retrieved somatic mutations and their distribution in protein domains through data analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas and cBioPortal databases. After determining differentially expressed mutant genes related to leukemia, we further conducted principal component analysis and single-factor Cox regression analyses. Moreover, survival analysis was performed for the obtained candidate genes, followed by a multi-factor Cox proportional hazard model method for the impacts of the candidate genes on the survival and prognosis of patients with leukemia. At last, the signaling pathways involved in leukemia were investigated by gene set enrichment analysis. There were 223 somatic missense mutation hot-spots identified with pertinence to leukemia, which were distributed in 41 genes. Differential expression in leukemia was witnessed in 39 genes. We found a close correlation between seven genes and the prognosis of leukemia patients, among which, three genes could significantly influence the survival rate. In addition, among these three genes, CD74 and P2RY8 were highlighted due to close pertinence with survival conditions of leukemia patients. Finally, data suggested that B cell receptor, Hedgehog, and TGF-beta signaling pathways were enriched in low-hazard patients. In conclusion, these data underline the involvement of hot-spot mutations of CD74 and P2RY8 genes in survival status of leukemia patients, highlighting their as novel therapeutic targets or prognostic indicators for leukemia patients. Summary of Graphical Abstract: We identified 223 leukemia-associated somatic missense mutation hotspots concentrated in 41 different genes from 2297 leukemia patients in the TCGA database. Differential analysis of leukemic and normal samples from the TCGA and GTEx databases revealed that 39 of these 41 genes showed significant differential expression in leukemia. These 39 genes were subjected to PCA analysis, univariate Cox analysis, survival analysis, multivariate Cox regression analysis, GSEA pathway enrichment analysis, and then the association with leukemia survival prognosis and related pathways were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, No. 599, Jinshan West Road, Yongkang, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, 321300, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianghua Lang
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, No. 599, Jinshan West Road, Yongkang, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, 321300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, No. 599, Jinshan West Road, Yongkang, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, 321300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuke Lv
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, No. 599, Jinshan West Road, Yongkang, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, 321300, People's Republic of China
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21
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Yuce M, Albayrak E. Paracrine Factors Released from Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit Proliferation of Hematological Cancer Cells Under Hyperthermia in Co-culture Model. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04757-7. [PMID: 37897623 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising biological therapeutic candidates in cancer treatment. As a source of MSCs, palatine tonsil tissue is one of the secondary lymphoid organs that form an essential part of the immune system, and the relation between the secondary lymphoid organs and cancer progression leads us to investigate the effect of tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSC) on cancer treatment. We aimed to determine the anti-tumoral effects of T-MSCs cultured at the febrile temperature (40 °C) on hematological cancer cell lines. The co-culture of cancer cells with T-MSCs was carried out under fever and normal culture conditions, and then the cell viability was determined by cell counting. In addition, apoptosis rate and cell cycle arrest were determined by flow cytometry. We confirmed the apoptotic effect of T-MSC co-culture at the transcriptional level by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We found that co-culture of cancer cells with T-MSCs significantly decreased the viable cell number under the febrile and normal culture conditions. Besides, the T-MSC co-culture induced apoptosis on K562 and MOLT-4 cells and induced the cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase on MOLT-4 cells. The apoptotic effect of T-MSC co-culture under febrile stimulation was confirmed at the transcriptional level. Our study has highlighted the anti-tumoral effect of the cellular interaction between the T-MSCs and human hematological cancer cells during in vitro co-culture under hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek Yuce
- Stem Cell Research & Application Center, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Kurupelit Campus, 55139, Atakum, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Esra Albayrak
- Stem Cell Research & Application Center, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Kurupelit Campus, 55139, Atakum, Samsun, Turkey
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22
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Zhou M, Boulos JC, Omer EA, Rudbari HA, Schirmeister T, Micale N, Efferth T. Two palladium (II) complexes derived from halogen-substituted Schiff bases and 2-picolylamine induce parthanatos-type cell death in sensitive and multi-drug resistant CCRF-CEM leukemia cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175980. [PMID: 37567459 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of cisplatin and its derivatives in cancer treatment triggered the interest in metal-containing complexes as potential novel anticancer agents. Palladium (II)-based complexes have been synthesized in recent years with promising antitumor activity. Previously, we described the synthesis and cytotoxicity of palladium (II) complexes containing halogen-substituted Schiff bases and 2-picolylamine. Here, we selected two palladium (II) complexes with double chlorine-substitution or double iodine-substitution that displayed the best cytotoxicity in drug-sensitive CCRF-CEM and multidrug-resistant CEM/ADR5000 leukemia cells for further biological investigation. Surprisingly, these compounds did not significantly induce apoptotic cell death. This study aims to reveal the major mode of cell death of these two palladium (II) complexes. We performed annexin V-FITC/PI staining and flow cytometric mitochondrial membrane potential measurement followed by western blotting, immunofluorescence microscopy, and alkaline single cell electrophoresis (comet assay). J4 and J6 still induced neither apoptosis nor necrosis in both leukemia cell lines. They also insufficiently induced autophagy as evidenced by Beclin and p62 detection in western blotting. Interestingly, J4 and J6 induced a novel mode of cell death (parthanatos) as mainly demonstrated in CCRF-CEM cells by hyper-activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP) and poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) using western blotting, flow cytometric measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) by immunofluorescence microscopy, and DNA damage by alkaline single cell electrophoresis (comet assay). AIF translocation was also observed in CEM/ADR5000 cells. Thus, parthanatos was the predominant mode of cell death induced by J4 and J6, which explains the high cytotoxicity in CCRF-CEM and CEM/ADR5000 cells. J4 and J6 may be interesting drug candidates and deserve further investigations to overcome resistance of tumors against apoptosis. This study will promote the design of further novel palladium (II)-based complexes as chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joelle C Boulos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ejlal A Omer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hadi Amiri Rudbari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Tanja Schirmeister
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nicola Micale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 1-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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23
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de Sena ACVP, de Arruda JAA, Bemquerer LM, Pantuzzo ES, Kakehasi FM, Fonseca FP, Fournier BPJ, Abreu LG, Travassos DV, Silva TA. Leukemia/lymphoma oral infiltration and its impact on disease outcomes: A Brazilian study. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2944-2953. [PMID: 36421050 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral malignant infiltrations (OMI) are relevant for the diagnosis and prognosis of leukemia/lymphoma. This study analysed the oral health status and OMI of individuals with leukemia/lymphoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis (2010-2021) of data from individuals seen at a specialized hospital-based dental service in Brazil. RESULTS A total of 781 cases of leukemia/lymphoma were surveyed. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (30.1%), acute myeloid leukemia (AML; 26.0%), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (22.2%) were the most common diagnoses. The first (21.3%) and second (19.3%) decades of life were the most affected. Overall, dental caries (36.7%) and periodontal changes (34.6%) were the most frequent oral conditions. OMI occurred in 25 (3.2%) individuals. Lesions mainly involved the gingiva (80%) and patients diagnosed with AML (64%). Death (p < 0.001) and worse periodontal condition (p = 0.036) were more frequent among adults with OMI than among those without OMI. Death (p = 0.002) was more frequent among paediatric individuals with OMI than among those without OMI. When controlling for underlying disease, no association was observed between OMI and these outcomes. CONCLUSION Oral status of individuals with leukemia, particularly those with acute leukemia or lymphoma, should be closely monitored since one or multiple conditions may occur, including OMI, which may influence disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Velasco Pondé de Sena
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Alcides Almeida de Arruda
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Larissa Marques Bemquerer
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Erika Soares Pantuzzo
- Multiprofessional Integrated Residency in Health, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Maria Kakehasi
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Felipe Paiva Fonseca
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Benjamin P J Fournier
- Department of Oral Biology, Université de Paris, Dental Faculty, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Reference Center for Dental Rare Diseases, Rothschild Hospital (ORARES), Paris, France
| | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Denise Vieira Travassos
- Multiprofessional Integrated Residency in Health, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tarcília Aparecida Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Multiprofessional Integrated Residency in Health, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Merdad R, Alyami A, Basalim A, Alzahrani A, Aldainiy A, Awadh A, Ghulam E, Farahat F. Bloodstream gram-negative bacterial infections in adult patients with leukemia: A retrospective review of medical records in a tertiary care hospital in Western Saudi Arabia. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:1525-1530. [PMID: 37557008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with neutropenic cancers are at high risk of acquiring infections, especially if on chemotherapy. Gram-negative bacterial infections are associated with high mortality. This study aimed to assess clinical characteristics, outcomes, and epidemiology of gram-negative bacterial (GNB) bloodstream infections (BSI) in adult patients with leukemia. METHODS This single-center, retrospective study included 102 adult patients diagnosed with leukemia between 2017 and 2019. The patients' demographics, infection diagnosis, leukemia diagnosis, comorbidities, and infection outcomes were collected from electronic medical records. RESULTS The most common GNB were Klebsiella pneumoniae (33.3 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23.5 %), and Escherichia coli (17.6 %). Additionally, 36.7 % of infections were multidrug resistant. The most common comorbidities were cardiovascular diseases (36.7 %), diabetes mellitus (33.3 %), and liver diseases (24.1 %). GNB-infected patients had a higher mortality than noninfected patients (35.3 % and 11.8 %, respectively, p = 0.005). In a multivariable analysis, patients with acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoid leukemia were significantly more likely to acquire GNB BSI (p = 0.01), while patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia had a lower likelihood of developing GNB BSI. In addition, low hemoglobin level was an independent risk factor of GNB BSI (p = 0.001). Chemotherapeutic agents showed an association with increased risk of GNB BSI. CONCLUSIONS Patients with acute leukemia and low hemoglobin levels have increased risk of GNB BSI, which was associated with increased mortality. Prospective studies are needed to further assess the effect of co-morbidities and chemotherapy medications on the occurrence of GNB BSI according to the type of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyan Merdad
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almuhanad Alyami
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Basalim
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alzahrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Aldainiy
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Awadh
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Saudi Arabia; Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas Ghulam
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Saudi Arabia; Basic Science Department, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayssal Farahat
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Saudi Arabia; College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Community and Public Health, Infection Prevention and Control Program, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt.
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Azarbakhsh H, Rezaei F, Hassanzadeh J, Dehghani SP, Janfada M, Mirahmadizadeh A. Trend Analysis of Leukemia Mortality and Years of Life Lost (YLL) from 2004 to 2019 in the Fars Province, Iran. Arch Iran Med 2023; 26:547-553. [PMID: 38310410 PMCID: PMC10862090 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2023.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the incidence of leukemia's is not high, many of these cancers lead to death over a short period. This is a cross-sectional study on leukemia deaths in southern Iran. METHODS All deaths due to leukemia in the Fars province were obtained from the population-based electronic death registration system (EDRS). Crude and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), YLL, and YLL rate data were calculated, and joinpoint regression was used to examine the trend. RESULTS Totally, 3141 deaths from leukemia occurred in the Fars province during the study period (2004-2019). Of these, 61.5% (1933 cases) pertained to men. The crude mortality rate was 6.1 (95% CI: 5.8 to 6.4) in men and 3.9 (95% CI: 3.7 to 4.2) in women. Also, ASMR was 6.6 (95% CI: 6.3 to 6.9) and 4.2 (95% CI: 4.0 to 4.4) in men and women, respectively. The total YLLs due to leukemia were 32804 in men and 23064 in women. The joinpoint regression analysis demonstrated that the trend of YLL rate due to premature mortality was stable: the annual percent change (APC) was -1.2% (95% CI: -2.5 to 0.2, P=0.090) for males, and -1.0% (95% CI: -2.9 to 0.9, P=0.274) for females. CONCLUSION The mortality and YLL due to leukemia had a stable trend. However, this trend has been decreasing or increasing in some age groups. Determining and controlling essential risk factors, especially the environmental factors of leukemia, may reduce its burden in the Fars province.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Jafar Hassanzadeh
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Janfada
- Medical Records, Health Vice-chancellor, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Mirahmadizadeh
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Amini M, Sharma R, Jani C. Gender differences in leukemia outcomes based on health care expenditures using estimates from the GLOBOCAN 2020. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:151. [PMID: 37605241 PMCID: PMC10440892 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01154-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukemia contributes significantly to the global cancer burden. Due to the importance of evaluating improvements in leukemia outcomes, the current study aimed to examine the variations in mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) between genders and association of MIR with the health expenditures in selected countries. METHODS The leukemia incidence and mortality rates were extracted from the GLOBOCAN 2020 database. In total, 56 countries were included based on the data quality reports and the exclusion of missing data. The associations of MIR and changes in MIR over time ([Formula: see text]MIR) with the human development index (HDI), current health expenditure (CHE) per capita, and current health expenditure as a percentage of gross domestic product (CHE/GDP) were investigated using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS In 2020, an estimated 474,519 new cases of leukemia were diagnosed globally, and 311,594 deaths occurred due to the disease. Male patients exhibited a higher incidence and mortality of leukemia compared to females on a global scale. Our analysis revealed that the MIRs were the highest and lowest in Egypt (0.79) and the United States (0.29), respectively. Remarkably, countries with greater HDI, higher CHE per capita, and a higher CHE/GDP tended to have lower MIR in both genders and within gender-specific subgroups. The δMIR demonstrated a significant negative correlation with HDI and CHE per capita, whereas no significant associations were observed among female patients for CHE/GDP. Besides, all three indicators showed trends towards negative correlations with δMIR among males, though these trends were not statistically significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Generally, leukemia MIRs tended to be most favorable (i.e., lower) in countries with high HDI and high health expenditure. The gender differences observed in leukemia outcomes may reflect the potential influence of social, material, behavioral, and biological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Amini
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rajesh Sharma
- Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Chinmay Jani
- Mount Aubrun Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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27
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Mafi A, Rismanchi H, Gholinezhad Y, Mohammadi MM, Mousavi V, Hosseini SA, Milasi YE, Reiter RJ, Ghezelbash B, Rezaee M, Sheida A, Zarepour F, Asemi Z, Mansournia MA, Mirzaei H. Melatonin as a regulator of apoptosis in leukaemia: molecular mechanism and therapeutic perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1224151. [PMID: 37645444 PMCID: PMC10461318 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1224151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukaemia is a dangerous malignancy that causes thousands of deaths every year throughout the world. The rate of morbidity and mortality is significant despite many advancements in therapy strategies for affected individuals. Most antitumour medications used now in clinical oncology use apoptotic signalling pathways to induce cancer cell death. Accumulated data have shown a direct correlation between inducing apoptosis in cancer cells with higher tumour regression and survival. Until now, the efficacy of melatonin as a powerful antitumour agent has been firmly established. A change in melatonin concentrations has been reported in multiple tumours such as endometrial, hematopoietic, and breast cancers. Findings show that melatonin's anticancer properties, such as its prooxidation function and ability to promote apoptosis, indicate the possibility of utilizing this natural substance as a promising agent in innovative cancer therapy approaches. Melatonin stimulates cell apoptosis via the regulation of many apoptosis facilitators, including mitochondria, cytochrome c, Bcl-2, production of reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis receptors. This paper aimed to further assess the anticancer effects of melatonin through the apoptotic pathway, considering the role that cellular apoptosis plays in the pathogenesis of cancer. The effect of melatonin may mean that it is appropriate for use as an adjuvant, along with other therapeutic approaches such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Rismanchi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Gholinezhad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Vahide Mousavi
- School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Hosseini
- School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Yaser Eshaghi Milasi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Behrooz Ghezelbash
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Zarepour
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Li Q, Ren X, Wang Y, Xin X. CircRNA: a rising star in leukemia. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15577. [PMID: 37431465 PMCID: PMC10329819 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNA are a class of RNA that lack the potential to encode proteins. CircRNAs, generated by a post-splicing mechanism, are a newly discovered type of non-coding RNA with multi-functional covalent loop structures. CircRNAs may play an important role in the occurrence and progression of tumors. Research has shown that circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in various types of human cancers, including leukemia. In this review, we summarize the expression and function of circRNAs and their impact on different types of leukemia. We also illustrate the function of circRNAs on immune modulation and chemoresistance in leukemia and their impact on its diagnosis and prognosis. Herein, we provide an understanding of recent advances in research that highlight the importance of circRNAs in proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and autophagy in different types of leukemia. Furthermore, circRNAs make an indispensable difference in the modulation of the immunity and chemoresistance of leukemia. Increasing evidence suggests that circRNAs may play a vital role in the diagnostic and prognostic markers of leukemia because of their prominent properties. More detailed preclinical studies on circRNAs are needed to explore effective ways in which they can serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of leukemia in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Xinxin Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Xiaoru Xin
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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29
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Kazemzadeh K, Behrouzieh S, Rezaei N. Shedding light on the side effects of immunotherapies used for leukemia: an updated review of the literature. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:1193-1204. [PMID: 37812581 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2267760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Leukemia is an abnormal clonal development of leukemic cells originating from the bone marrow, which is widely known for its significant prevalence and mortality rate. Chemotherapy, surgery, radiation, and combination therapies have been its routine therapeutic methods; however, the advent of cancer immunotherapy is known as revolutionary for its higher efficacy and lesser toxicity. AREAS COVERED Immunotherapy boosts the body's immune system by using components from other living organisms. Although immunotherapy seems to be safer than chemotherapy, many studies have noticed different immune-related side effects in various body systems (e.g. cardiovascular, neurologic) which we have reviewed in this investigation as the main goal. We tried to describe immunotherapy-related side effects in human body systems in detail. EXPERT OPINION Being aware of these side effects leads to better clinical decision-making for each individual, and a one-step-ahead management in case of occurrence. We also briefly discussed the role of immunotherapy in treating leukemia as one of the most prevalent cancers in children and tried to emphasize that it is crucial to monitor adverse events as they may remain obscure until adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Kazemzadeh
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Neurosurgery and Artificial Intelligence (NONAI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadra Behrouzieh
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Neurosurgery and Artificial Intelligence (NONAI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Guan Z, Liang Y, Zhu Z, Yang A, Li S, Guo J, Wang F, Yang H, Zhang N, Wang X, Wang J. Cytosine arabinoside exposure induced cytotoxic effects and neural tube defects in mice and embryo stem cells. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 262:115141. [PMID: 37320917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for hematological malignancies. The residues of Ara-C have been detected in wastewater and river water with increased usage and discharge. As the ability to cross the placenta and the teratogenicity at low ng/L levels, the toxic effects on pregnant women and infants have been concerned. The toxicity of Ara-C exposure on early embryonic neurodevelopment has not been fully elucidated. In this study, pregnant C57BL/6 mice were injected with different doses of Ara-C on Gestation day (GD) 7.5 and assessed on GD11.5 and GD13.5 to explore the neural developmental effects of Ara-C. HE staining, immunofluorescence, western blot, EdU assay, and flow cytometry were utilized to determine the toxic effects of Ara-C in vivo and in vitro. Our results showed that Ara-C (15-22.5 mg/kg body weight) induced the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs). The expression of PH3 was markedly reduced in embryos with Ara-C-induced NTDs, compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In contrast, cell apoptosis was markedly increased. Increased expression levels of GFAP and decreased Nestin were observed in the embryonic brain tissues in Ara-C induced NTDs. The level of β-catenin was also decreased on both GD11.5 and GD13.5. These results were confirmed in vitro using mouse Sv129 embryonic stem cells (mESC). Ara-C at a dose comparable to the environment level (0.05 nM) had cytotoxicity. Impaired Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in Ara-C exposure induced imbalance between cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation, which might contribute to Ara-C-induced occurrence of NTDs. Our data indicated the environmental concentration of Ara-C had cytotoxicity and that maternal exposure to Ara-C induced NTDs. These results might provide more information to understand the environmental toxic impact of Ara-C on neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guan
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yingchao Liang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Aiyun Yang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Shen Li
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Huimin Yang
- Growth and Development Department, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Xiuwei Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
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31
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Mu X, Chen C, Dong L, Kang Z, Sun Z, Chen X, Zheng J, Zhang Y. Immunotherapy in leukaemia. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:974-987. [PMID: 37272727 PMCID: PMC10326417 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukaemia is the common name for a group of malignant diseases of the haematopoietic system with complex classifications and characteristics. Remarkable progress has been made in basic research and preclinical studies for acute leukaemia compared to that of the many other types/subtypes of leukaemia, especially the exploration of the biological basis and application of immunotherapy in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL). In this review, we summarize the basic approaches to immunotherapy for leukaemia and focus on the research progress made in immunotherapy development for AML and ALL. Importantly, despite the advances made to date, big challenges still exist in the effectiveness of leukaemia immunotherapy, especially in AML. Therefore, we use AML as an example and summarize the mechanisms of tumour cell immune evasion, describe recently reported data and known therapeutic targets, and discuss the obstacles in finding suitable treatment targets and the results obtained in recent clinical trials for several types of single and combination immunotherapies, such as bispecific antibodies, cell therapies (CAR-T-cell treatment), and checkpoint blockade. Finally, we summarize novel immunotherapy strategies for treating lymphocytic leukaemia and clinical trial results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmei Mu
- Hongqiao International Institute of MedicineShanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic MedicineKey Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Chumao Chen
- Hongqiao International Institute of MedicineShanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic MedicineKey Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Loujie Dong
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Zhaowei Kang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Zhixian Sun
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Xijie Chen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Junke Zheng
- Hongqiao International Institute of MedicineShanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic MedicineKey Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Hongqiao International Institute of MedicineShanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic MedicineKey Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
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Liu R, Wu J, Guo H, Yao W, Li S, Lu Y, Jia Y, Liang X, Tang J, Zhang H. Post-translational modifications of histones: Mechanisms, biological functions, and therapeutic targets. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e292. [PMID: 37220590 PMCID: PMC10200003 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Histones are DNA-binding basic proteins found in chromosomes. After the histone translation, its amino tail undergoes various modifications, such as methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, malonylation, propionylation, butyrylation, crotonylation, and lactylation, which together constitute the "histone code." The relationship between their combination and biological function can be used as an important epigenetic marker. Methylation and demethylation of the same histone residue, acetylation and deacetylation, phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, and even methylation and acetylation between different histone residues cooperate or antagonize with each other, forming a complex network. Histone-modifying enzymes, which cause numerous histone codes, have become a hot topic in the research on cancer therapeutic targets. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the role of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) in cell life activities is very important for preventing and treating human diseases. In this review, several most thoroughly studied and newly discovered histone PTMs are introduced. Furthermore, we focus on the histone-modifying enzymes with carcinogenic potential, their abnormal modification sites in various tumors, and multiple essential molecular regulation mechanism. Finally, we summarize the missing areas of the current research and point out the direction of future research. We hope to provide a comprehensive understanding and promote further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Liu
- Cancer CenterDepartment of Radiation OncologyZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalAffiliated People's HospitalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Graduate DepartmentBengbu Medical College, BengbuAnhuiChina
| | - Jiajun Wu
- Graduate DepartmentBengbu Medical College, BengbuAnhuiChina
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck CenterCancer CenterDepartment of Head and Neck SurgeryZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalAffiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Haiwei Guo
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck CenterCancer CenterDepartment of Head and Neck SurgeryZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalAffiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Weiping Yao
- Cancer CenterDepartment of Radiation OncologyZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalAffiliated People's HospitalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Graduate DepartmentBengbu Medical College, BengbuAnhuiChina
| | - Shuang Li
- Cancer CenterDepartment of Radiation OncologyZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalAffiliated People's HospitalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Graduate DepartmentJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
| | - Yanwei Lu
- Cancer CenterDepartment of Radiation OncologyZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalAffiliated People's HospitalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yongshi Jia
- Cancer CenterDepartment of Radiation OncologyZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalAffiliated People's HospitalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xiaodong Liang
- Cancer CenterDepartment of Radiation OncologyZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalAffiliated People's HospitalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Graduate DepartmentBengbu Medical College, BengbuAnhuiChina
| | - Jianming Tang
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Cancer CenterDepartment of Radiation OncologyZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalAffiliated People's HospitalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
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Shen C, Zhang K, Yang J, Shi J, Yang C, Sun Y, Yang W. Association between metal(loid)s in serum and leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2023; 21:201-213. [PMID: 37159736 PMCID: PMC10163180 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00853-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Heavy metals and metalloids are recognized as environmental threats, which are considered highly toxic and carcinogenic. Epidemiologically, their association with leukemia is under debate. We aim to clarify the association between the heavy metal(loid)s in serum and leukemia via a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases for all related articles. The standardized mean difference and its 95% confidence interval was used to evaluate the association of leukemia with heavy metal(loid)s in serum. The statistical heterogeneity among studies was assessed with the Q-test and I 2 statistics. Results Among 4,119 articles related to metal(loid)s and leukemia, 21 studies met our inclusion criteria, which are all cross-sectional studies. These 21 studies involved 1,316 cases and 1,310 controls, based on which we evaluate the association of heavy metals/metalloids in serum with leukemia. Our results indicated positive differences for serum chromium, nickel, and mercury in leukemia patients, while a negative difference for serum manganese in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Conclusion Our results suggested an elevated trend of serum chromium, nickel, and mercury concentrations in leukemia patients while descending trend of serum manganese concentration in ALL patients. The result of sensitivity analysis between lead, cadmium, and leukemia and publication bias of association between chromium and leukemia also needed attention. Future research work may focus on the dose-response relationship between any of these elements and the leukemia risks, and further elucidation of how these elements are related to leukemia may shed light on the prevention and treatment of leukemia. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40201-023-00853-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengchen Shen
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Kui Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingxuan Yang
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Shi
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Chan Yang
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxing Yang
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan People’s Republic of China
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Pardhi E, Yadav R, Chaurasiya A, Madan J, Guru SK, Singh SB, Mehra NK. Multifunctional targetable liposomal drug delivery system in the management of leukemia: Potential, opportunities, and emerging strategies. Life Sci 2023; 325:121771. [PMID: 37182551 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The concern impeding the success of chemotherapy in leukemia treatment is descending efficacy of drugs because of multiple drug resistance (MDR). The previous failure of traditional treatment methods is primarily responsible for the present era of innovative agents to treat leukemia effectively. The treatment option is a chemotherapeutic agent in most available treatment strategies, which unfortunately leads to high unavoidable toxicities. As a result of the recent surge in marketed products, theranostic nanoparticles, i.e., multifunctional targetable liposomes (MFTL), have been approved for improved and more successful leukemia treatment that blends therapeutic and diagnostic characteristics. Since they broadly offer the required characteristics to get past the traditional/previous limitations, such as the absence of site-specific anti-cancer therapeutic delivery and ongoing real-time surveillance of the leukemia target sites while administering therapeutic activities. To prepare MFTL, suitable targeting ligands or tumor-specific antibodies are required to attach to the surface of the liposomes. This review exhaustively covered and summarized the liposomal-based formulation in leukemia treatment, emphasizing leukemia types; regulatory considerations, patents, and clinical portfolios to overcome clinical translation hurdles have all been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Pardhi
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Rati Yadav
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Akash Chaurasiya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, District. RR, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jitender Madan
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Guru
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India.
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Norkaew C, Roytrakul S, Charoenlappanit S, Thaisakun S, Tanyong D. Pinostrobin induces acute leukemia cell apoptosis via the regulation of miR-410-5p and SFRP5. Life Sci 2023; 325:121739. [PMID: 37164308 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study attempted to explore the mechanisms involved in pinostrobin (PN)-mediated acute leukemia cell apoptosis regulated by miR-410-5p. MATERIAL AND METHODS NB4 and MOLT-4 cells were cultured and treated with PN at the IC50 concentration. Apoptosis was examined by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. RT-qPCR was used to measure the expression of caspase-3, BAK, BCL-W, and MCL-1. The target protein of PN was identified using LC-MS/MS followed by bioinformatic analysis. TargetScan, DIANA, and miRDB were used for the prediction of miRNAs involved in the PN-induced apoptosis mechanism. miRNA mimic transfection, RT-qPCR, and western blot analysis were performed to evaluate the regulatory effect of miRNA on its target and the involvement of miRNA in apoptosis induction by PN. In addition, the synergistic effect of PN and daunorubicin (DNR) were investigated by using the MTT assay. KEY FINDINGS The results showed that PN reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in both leukemia cell lines. From the LC-MS/MS and bioinformatics analysis, SFRP5 and miR-410-5p were selected as a potential PN target protein and miRNA, respectively. After miRNA mimic transfection, miR-410-5p, which is an onco-miRNA, was decreased and led to increased apoptosis in both cell lines, indicating that this miRNA is involved in PN-mediated apoptosis mechanisms. Moreover, PN demonstrated a synergistic effect with DNR, suggesting that PN may be used in combination with conventional chemotherapy drugs. SIGNIFICANCE PN regulates the expression of miR-410-5p and SFRP5 to promote apoptosis in acute leukemia cells. It could be developed as an alternative treatment for leukemia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chosita Norkaew
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology for Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sawanya Charoenlappanit
- Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology for Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Siriwan Thaisakun
- Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology for Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Dalina Tanyong
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
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Chen W, Lv L, Chen N, Cui E. Immunogenicity of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells. Scand J Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine 313000 Zhejiang No. 1558, Third Ring North Road, Huzhou China
| | - Lu Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine 313000 Zhejiang No. 1558, Third Ring North Road, Huzhou China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine 313000 Zhejiang No. 1558, Third Ring North Road, Huzhou China
| | - Enhai Cui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine 313000 Zhejiang No. 1558, Third Ring North Road, Huzhou China
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Kowalczyk A, Zarychta J, Lejman M, Zawitkowska J. Electrochemical and Optical Sensors for the Detection of Chemical Carcinogens Causing Leukemia. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:3369. [PMID: 37050429 PMCID: PMC10098728 DOI: 10.3390/s23073369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality due to neoplastic diseases have shown an increasing tendency over the years. Based on GLOBOCAN 2020 published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), leukemias are the thirteenth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, with 78.6% of leukemia cases diagnosed in countries with a very high or high Human Development Index (HDI). Carcinogenesis is a complex process initiated by a mutation in DNA that may be caused by chemical carcinogens present in polluted environments and human diet. The IARC has identified 122 human carcinogens, e.g., benzene, formaldehyde, pentachlorophenol, and 93 probable human carcinogens, e.g., styrene, diazinone. The aim of the following review is to present the chemical carcinogens involved or likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of leukemia and to summarize the latest reports on the possibility of detecting these compounds in the environment or food with the use of electrochemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kowalczyk
- Student Scientific Society of Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Julia Zarychta
- Student Scientific Society of Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Lejman
- Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Zawitkowska
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Wan Mohamad Zamri WN, Mohd Yunus N, Abdul Aziz AA, Zulkipli NN, Sulong S. Perspectives on the Application of Cytogenomic Approaches in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:964. [PMID: 36900108 PMCID: PMC10001075 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a haematological malignancy characterised by the accumulation of monoclonal mature B lymphocytes (positive for CD5+ and CD23+) in peripheral blood, bone marrow, and lymph nodes. Although CLL is reported to be rare in Asian countries compared to Western countries, the disease course is more aggressive in Asian countries than in their Western counterparts. It has been postulated that this is due to genetic variants between populations. Various cytogenomic methods, either of the traditional type (conventional cytogenetics or fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH)) or using more advanced technology such as DNA microarrays, next generation sequencing (NGS), or genome wide association studies (GWAS), were used to detect chromosomal aberrations in CLL. Up until now, conventional cytogenetic analysis remained the gold standard in diagnosing chromosomal abnormality in haematological malignancy including CLL, even though it is tedious and time-consuming. In concordance with technological advancement, DNA microarrays are gaining popularity among clinicians as they are faster and better able to accurately diagnose the presence of chromosomal abnormalities. However, every technology has challenges to overcome. In this review, CLL and its genetic abnormalities will be discussed, as well as the application of microarray technology as a diagnostic platform.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nazihah Mohd Yunus
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Aizat Abdul Aziz
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Ninie Nadia Zulkipli
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 21300, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
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Yang Y, Yu C, Fu R, Xia S, Ni H, He Y, Zhu K, Sun Q. Association of cesarean section with risk of childhood leukemia: A meta-analysis from an observational study. Hematol Oncol 2023; 41:182-191. [PMID: 36000274 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that children born via cesarean section (CS) are predisposed to immune-mediated diseases later in life. The association between CS and childhood leukemia was investigated in this meta-analysis of observational studies. Two researchers independently searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library for literature on the association between CS and childhood leukemia before February 2022. And pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to determine the link between CS and childhood leukemia. The preliminary search resulted in 1321 articles and 16 articles were finally included after screening. The primary outcome was the risk of leukemia in children born via CS versus those born vaginally. The results revealed that having a CS was associated with an increased risk of childhood leukemia compared to having vaginal section (VS) (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.13, p = 0.01), especially for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03-1.16, p = 0.004). Children delivered via elective CS had a higher risk of ALL (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.07-1.31, p = 0.001), but emergency CS did not. It is worth noting that neither emergency CS nor elective CS were found to be associated with acute myeloid leukemia. Compared to VS, CS increased the risk of leukemia in children, with elective CS significantly increasing ALL risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhu Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chiyuan Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongrong Fu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shishan Xia
- Department of Medicine, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haixiang Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujing He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keying Zhu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Jaramillo S, Schlenk RF. Update on current treatments for adult acute myeloid leukemia: to treat acute myeloid leukemia intensively or non-intensively? That is the question. Haematologica 2023; 108:342-352. [PMID: 36722404 PMCID: PMC9890037 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.280802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
For several decades, the treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been a dichotomous choice between intensive chemotherapy strategies with curative intent and non-intensive options including supportive care. Patients' age and fitness, as well as comorbidities, primarily influenced this choice. However, the therapeutic armamentarium is evolving, so that there are highly effective and increasingly specific drugs, fitting the mutational profile of a patient's leukemia. There is now a spectrum of treatment options that are less intense and can be administered in an outpatient setting and to a substantial extent are equally or even more effective than standard intensive therapy. We are, therefore, witnessing a radical change in the treatment landscape of AML. In this review, we examine the current treatment options for patients with AML, considering the molecular spectrum of the disease on the background of patient-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Jaramillo
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Richard F. Schlenk
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital,NCT-Trial Center, National Center of Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany,F. Schlenk_Richard
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Xiong T, Xia L, Song Q. Circular RNA SPI1 expression before and after induction therapy and its correlation with clinical features, treatment response, and survival of acute myeloid leukemia patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24835. [PMID: 36644997 PMCID: PMC9978078 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNA spi-1 proto-oncogene (circ-SPI1) regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, and bone marrow differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study aimed to assess the relationship of circ-SPI1 expression with the clinical features, induction therapy response, and survival of AML patients. METHODS In total, 80 AML patients were included with bone marrow (BM) samples collected at baseline and after induction therapy. Additionally, 20 healthy donors (HDs) and 20 disease controls (DCs) were enrolled with BM samples collected after enrollment. BM circ-SPI1 expression was detected by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS Circ-SPI1 expression was highest in AML patients, moderate in DCs, and lowest in HDs (median (interquartile range): 3.01 [2.02-4.14] versus 1.71 [1.01-2.85] versus 0.98 [0.74-1.71]) (p < 0.001). Moreover, lower circ-SPI1 expression was related to its decreased located gene SPI1 expression (p = 0.029), white blood cells (WBC) < 18.8 × 109 /L (p = 0.010), trisomy 8 (p = 0.025), and more favorable risk stratification (p = 0.014) in AML patients. Additionally, circ-SPI1 expression was reduced in AML patients after induction therapy (p < 0.001), and its low expression after induction therapy was correlated with the achievement of complete remission (p < 0.001). Furthermore, circ-SPI1 decline ≥30% during therapy (versus <30%) was independently related to longer event-free survival (EFS) (hazard ratio (HR): 0.445, p = 0.028) and overall survival (OS) (HR: 0.319, p = 0.025) in AML patients. CONCLUSION Decreased circ-SPI1 expression is related to lower WBC, favorable risk stratification, and better therapy response; moreover, its decline during therapy is an independent factor to predict longer EFS and OS in AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiong
- Department of Hematology, Xianning Central HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianningChina
| | - Liqun Xia
- Department of Hematology, Xianning Central HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianningChina
| | - Qiaoqiao Song
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental General Medicine Education, Xianning Medical CollegeHubei University of Science and TechnologyXianningChina
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Haddadi N, Mirzania M, Ansarihadipour H. Syringic acid Attenuates Oxidative Stress in Plasma and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:1038-1049. [PMID: 36697381 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2023.2170432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Syringic acid (SA) is a natural phenolic acid that possesses antioxidant properties. The current study aimed to assess the possible ameliorative effects of SA on oxidative stress in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Twenty-two healthy donors as well as 22 sex- and age-matched AML patients participated in the study. AML patients were at the time of diagnosis and before remission. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma samples were obtained and divided into four groups. The groups include: 1) buffer (B), containing isotonic phosphate buffer saline (100 mM, pH 7.4, 1 hr); 2) OX, containing solution subjected to iron-mediated oxidation (2.7 µM, 1 hr); 3) SA, containing SA solution (10 µM, 1 h) as ROS quencher and 4) SA + OX in which samples were pretreated with 10 µM of SA for 1 h, and then exposed to OX solution (2.7 µM) for 1 h. The results indicated that SA caused a significant increase in the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in PBMCs. Of note, the treatment of PBMCs and plasma samples of AML patients with SA was able to normalize the altered levels of GPX, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). The antioxidant effect of SA was further confirmed by analyzing the total oxidant status, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation in both plasma samples and PBMCs of AML patients. According to the results, it seems that SA has strong protective effects on oxidative stress by elevating the total antioxidant status (TAS) of PBMCs and plasma specimens from AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Haddadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Mirzania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Research Center Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Ansarihadipour
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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Wang X, Bajpai AK, Gu Q, Ashbrook DG, Starlard-Davenport A, Lu L. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identifies key hub genes and pathways in acute myeloid leukemia. Front Genet 2023; 14:1009462. [PMID: 36923792 PMCID: PMC10008864 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1009462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common type of leukemia in adults. However, there is a gap in understanding the molecular basis of the disease, partly because key genes associated with AML have not been extensively explored. In the current study, we aimed to identify genes that have strong association with AML based on a cross-species integrative approach. Methods: We used Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to identify co-expressed gene modules significantly correlated with human AML, and further selected the genes exhibiting a significant difference in expression between AML and healthy mouse. Protein-protein interactions, transcription factors, gene function, genetic regulation, and coding sequence variants were integrated to identify key hub genes in AML. Results: The cross-species approach identified a total of 412 genes associated with both human and mouse AML. Enrichment analysis confirmed an association of these genes with hematopoietic and immune-related functions, phenotypes, processes, and pathways. Further, the integrated analysis approach identified a set of important module genes including Nfe2, Trim27, Mef2c, Ets1, Tal1, Foxo1, and Gata1 in AML. Six of these genes (except ETS1) showed significant differential expression between human AML and healthy samples in an independent microarray dataset. All of these genes are known to be involved in immune/hematopoietic functions, and in transcriptional regulation. In addition, Nfe2, Trim27, Mef2c, and Ets1 harbor coding sequence variants, whereas Nfe2 and Trim27 are cis-regulated, making them attractive candidates for validation. Furthermore, subtype-specific analysis of the hub genes in human AML indicated high expression of NFE2 across all the subtypes (M0 through M7) and enriched expression of ETS1, LEF1, GATA1, and TAL1 in M6 and M7 subtypes. A significant correlation between methylation status and expression level was observed for most of these genes in AML patients. Conclusion: Findings from the current study highlight the importance of our cross-species approach in the identification of multiple key candidate genes in AML, which can be further studied to explore their detailed role in leukemia/AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Akhilesh K Bajpai
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Qingqing Gu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - David G Ashbrook
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Athena Starlard-Davenport
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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Alehashemi S, Ward MM. Risk of Hematologic Malignancies in Elderly Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Cohort Study and Systematic Review. Mayo Clin Proc 2023; 98:100-110. [PMID: 36470752 PMCID: PMC9822846 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the risk of hematologic malignancies in older adults with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). PATIENTS AND METHODS We used US Medicare data from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2010, to identify a population-based cohort of beneficiaries with AS. We also included beneficiaries with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as disease controls and beneficiaries without AS or IBD as unaffected controls. We excluded those treated with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in this period. We followed up each group for new diagnosis claims for hematologic malignancies until September 30, 2015. RESULTS We included 12,451 beneficiaries with AS, 234,905 with IBD, and 10,975,340 unaffected controls, with a mean follow-up of 9.9, 9.3, and 8.0 years, respectively. We identified 297 hematologic malignancies in the AS group, 4538 malignancies in the IBD group, and 128,239 malignancies in unaffected controls. The standardized incidence ratio in AS vs unaffected controls was 1.39 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.61) for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 1.50 (95% CI, 1.17 to 1.92) for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and 1.52 (95% CI, 1.12 to 2.06) for multiple myeloma. Risks of acute myeloid leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia were not elevated in AS, and there were too few cases of Hodgkin lymphoma to compute risks. Risks were comparable to those of beneficiaries with IBD. We also performed a systematic literature review of the risk of hematologic malignancy in AS, focusing on age associations, which have not been previously examined. We identified 21 studies in the systematic literature review, which included mainly young or middle-aged patients. Results suggested that AS was largely not associated with an increased risk of hematologic malignancies. Two cohort studies reported an increased risk of multiple myeloma in AS. CONCLUSION The risks of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and multiple myeloma are increased among elderly patients with AS.
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MESH Headings
- Middle Aged
- Humans
- Aged
- United States/epidemiology
- Multiple Myeloma/complications
- Cohort Studies
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/epidemiology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/complications
- Spondylitis, Ankylosing/complications
- Spondylitis, Ankylosing/drug therapy
- Spondylitis, Ankylosing/epidemiology
- Medicare
- Hematologic Neoplasms/complications
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/epidemiology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/etiology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/complications
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/drug therapy
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/epidemiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Alehashemi
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
| | - Michael M Ward
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Liang H, Guo J, Li CG. Long-Term Complete Remission of a Patient With Double-Hit Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated by Chemoimmunotherapy and Chinese Herbal Medicine. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354221147515. [PMID: 36722702 PMCID: PMC9900160 DOI: 10.1177/15347354221147515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Double-hit diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DHL) is an uncommon subtype of lymphoma which poorly responds to current drug therapies and has low rates of long-term survival in the patients. Herein, we report a case of a 73-year-old Caucasian male who was diagnosed with DHL with double-hit mutations of rearrangement of both c-MYC and BCL2 in November 2013. He commenced the standard R-CHOP-14 chemotherapy (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone) but changed to dose-adjusted DA-EPOCH-R protocol (etoposide, doxorubicin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, prednisone, and rituximab) in the second and third cycles due to double-hit mutation. Because of intolerance to the intensive therapy, the patient decided to switch to Chinese medicine intervention. From March 2014 to December 2019, he was prescribed with a classical Chinese herbal formula-Sijunzi Decoction plus Prunella vulgaris based prescriptions. After 2 months of the Chinese herbal medicine intervention, the patient felt his right groin mass disappeared. Imaging follow-up showed no residual masses, and no lymphadenopathy was seen. During the period of Chinese herbal medicine treatment, his adherence and tolerability were well maintained with no adverse events. Imaging surveillances afterward found no evidence of lymphoma recurrence. His regular blood tests indicated that the patient's blood counts were normal and stable; no hematologic toxicity, hepatoxicity, or nephrotoxicity associated with Chinese herbal medicine were found. Follow-up visits until 2020 found that he had been living and enjoying a good quality of life for over 8 years post-diagnosis. This case study illustrates the potential values of Chinese herbal medicine in DHL treatment, alongside chemo-immunotherapy, and in maintaining long-term survival and satisfactory quality of life for DHL patients. The case report provides clinicians with preliminary evidence of the use of Chinese herbal medicine as a therapeutic strategy in the management of DHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Liang
- Western Sydney University-Campbelltown Campus, Artarmon, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica Guo
- Dr Henry Liang Clinic, Artarmon, NSW, Australia
| | - Chun Guang Li
- Western Sydney University NICM Health Research Institute, Penrith, NSW, Australia
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Yi ZN, Chen XK, Ma ACH. Modeling leukemia with zebrafish (Danio rerio): Towards precision medicine. Exp Cell Res 2022; 421:113401. [PMID: 36306826 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia is a type of blood cancer characterized by high genetic heterogeneity and fatality. While chemotherapy remains the primary form of treatment for leukemia, its effectiveness was profoundly diminished by the genetic heterogeneity and cytogenetic abnormalities of leukemic cells. Therefore, there is an unmet need to develop precision medicine for leukemia with distinct genetic backgrounds. Zebrafish (Danio rerio), a freshwater fish with exceptional feasibility in genome editing, is a powerful tool for rapid human cancer modeling. In the past decades, zebrafish have been adopted in modeling human leukemia, exploring the molecular mechanisms of underlying genetic abnormalities, and discovering novel therapeutic agents. Although many recurrent mutations of leukemia have been modeled in zebrafish for pathological study and drug discovery, its great potential in leukemia modeling was not yet fully exploited, particularly in precision medicine. In this review, we evaluated the current zebrafish models of leukemia/pre-leukemia and genetic techniques and discussed the potential of zebrafish models with novel techniques, which may contribute to the development of zebrafish as a disease model for precision medicine in treating leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Ni Yi
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang-Ke Chen
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alvin Chun-Hang Ma
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs are involved in epigenetic gene modification, including binding to the chromatin rearrangement complex in pre-transcriptional regulation and to gene promoters in gene expression regulation, as well as acting as microRNA sponges to control messenger RNA levels in post-transcriptional regulation. An increasing number of studies have found that long noncoding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) plays an important role in cancer development. In this review of a large number of studies on PVT1, we found that PVT1 is closely related to tumor onset, proliferation, invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transformation, and apoptosis, as well as poor prognosis and radiotherapy and chemotherapy resistance in some cancers. This review comprehensively describes PVT1 expression in various cancers and presents novel approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiming Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, #36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, #36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Chunming Zhu
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, #36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.
| | - Kefeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, #36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.
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Guja KE, Nadel H, Iagaru A. Overview and Recent Advances in 18F-FDG PET/CT for Evaluation of Pediatric Lymphoma. Semin Nucl Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Al-Rawashde FA, Al-wajeeh AS, Vishkaei MN, Saad HKM, Johan MF, Taib WRW, Ismail I, Al-Jamal HAN. Thymoquinone Inhibits JAK/STAT and PI3K/Akt/ mTOR Signaling Pathways in MV4-11 and K562 Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091123. [PMID: 36145344 PMCID: PMC9504933 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of Janus tyrosine kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) and Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signaling pathways plays a crucial role in the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Thymoquinone (TQ), one of the main constituents of Nigella sativa, has shown anti-cancer activities in several cancers. However, the inhibitory effect mechanism of TQ on leukemia has not been fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of TQ on JAK/STAT and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in MV4-11 AML cells and K562 CML cells. FLT3-ITD positive MV4-11 cells and BCR-ABL positive K562 cells were treated with TQ. Cytotoxicity assay was assessed using WSTs-8 kit. The expression of the target genes was evaluated using RT-qPCR. The phosphorylation status and the levels of proteins involved in JAK/STAT and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways were investigated using Jess western analysis. TQ induced a dose and time dependent inhibition of K562 cells proliferation. TQ significantly downregulated PI3K, Akt, and mTOR and upregulated PTEN expression with a significant inhibition of JAK/STAT and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. In conclusion, TQ reduces the expression of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR genes and enhances the expression of PTEN gene at the mRNA and protein levels. TQ also inhibits JAK/STAT and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways, and consequently inhibits proliferation of myeloid leukemia cells, suggesting that TQ has potential anti-leukemic effects on both AML and CML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Futoon Abedrabbu Al-Rawashde
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu 21300, Malaysia
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak 61710, Jordan
| | | | | | - Hanan Kamel M. Saad
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu 21300, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Farid Johan
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Wan Rohani Wan Taib
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu 21300, Malaysia
| | - Imilia Ismail
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu 21300, Malaysia
| | - Hamid Ali Nagi Al-Jamal
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu 21300, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-174729012
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Heidari-Foroozan M, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Keykhaei M, Shobeiri P, Azadnajafabad S, Esfahani Z, Rezaei N, Nasserinejad M, Rezaei N, Rayzan E, Shokri Varniab Z, Golestani A, Haghshenas R, Kompani F, Larijani B, Farzadfar F. Regional and national burden of leukemia and its attributable burden to risk factors in 21 countries and territories of North Africa and Middle East, 1990-2019: results from the GBD study 2019. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022. [PMID: 36048271 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04293-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Regional and national data on leukemia's burden provide a better comprehension of leukemia's trends and are vital for policy-makers for better allocation of the resources. This study reports the burden of leukemia, and the attributed burden to its risk factors in 21 countries and territories of the North Africa and Middle East. METHODS Data from cancer registration, scientific literature, survey, and reports were the input to estimate the burden of leukemia. In addition, the burden of attributable risk factors with evidence of causation with leukemia was calculated using the comparative risk assessment framework. All measures are reported as counts and rates divided by sex and specific age groups. RESULTS In 2019, there were 39,297 (95% uncertainty interval: 32,617-45,056) incident cases of leukemia with an age-standardized rate (ASR) of 7.8 (6.5-8.8) per 100,000 in the region. There were also 25,143 (21,109-28,826) deaths and 1,011,555 (822,537-1,173,621) DALYs attributed to Leukemia with an ASR of 5.4 (4.6-6.1) per 100,000 and 183.4 (150.7-211.2) per 100,000, respectively. Years of life lost (YLLs) (179.4 [147.2-206.7]) were accountable for the major part of DALYs. All count measures increased, while all the ASRs decreased during 1990-2019. The Syrian Arab Republic, Qatar, and Afghanistan had the highest ASR incidence, mortality, and DALYs rate in 2019. Incidence, DALYs, and prevalence rates were higher in males of all age groups except under five, and the highest rates were observed in +75 age group. Four major risk factors for leukemia were smoking, high body mass index, occupational exposure to benzene, and formaldehyde. CONCLUSION Despite the reduction in age-standardized rates of incidence and mortality, the burden of leukemia has increased steadily, due to population growth and aging. Notable variations exist between age-standardized rates in region's countries.
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