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Ramachandran G, Yeruva CV, Swarup G, Raghunand TR. A cytoprotective role for optineurin during mycobacterial infection of macrophages. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101672. [PMID: 38434142 PMCID: PMC10907145 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has emerged as a critical innate immune mechanism for host elimination of intracellular pathogens, however, the role of the autophagy receptor Optineurin during mycobacterial infection is not fully understood. To address this lacuna, we infected bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) derived from Optn+/+ and Optn-/- mice with Mycobacterium smegmatis, and observed the infection outcome at sequential time points. While low multiplicity of infection (MOI) did not show any significant difference between BMDMs from the two groups, at high MOI Optn-/- mice-derived BMDMs showed significantly lower colony forming unit counts, as well as lower cell counts at 12 h and 24 h post-infection. Quantification of cell numbers and nuclear morphologies at various time points post-infection indicated a markedly higher cell death in the Optineurin-deficient macrophages. Optineurin-deficient BMDMs showed significantly lower levels of the autophagosomal protein LC3-II upon infection, indicating a potential role for Optineurin in regulating autophagy during mycobacterial infection. Moreover, when stimulated by bacterial LPS, Optineurin deficient macrophages, showed altered levels of the inflammatory cytokine pro-IL-1β. These observations taken together suggest a novel regulatory role for Optineurin during mycobacterial infection. Its deficiency leads to an impairment in macrophage responses, directly impacting the pathophysiology of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ghanshyam Swarup
- CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Tirumalai R. Raghunand
- CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Wang Z, Zeng S, Hao Y, Cai W, Sun W, Du J, Long S, Fan J, Wang J, Chen X, Peng X. Gram-negative bacteria recognition and photodynamic elimination by Zn-DPA based sensitizers. Biomaterials 2024; 308:122571. [PMID: 38636132 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The abuse and overuse of antibiotics let drug-resistant bacteria emerges. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (APDT) has shown outstanding merits to eliminate the drug-resistant bacteria via cytotoxic reactive oxygen species produced by irradiating photosensitizer. However, most of photosensitizers are not effective for Gram-negative bacteria elimination. Herein conjugates of NBS, a photosensitizer, linked with one (NBS-DPA-Zn) or two (NBS-2DPA-Zn) equivalents of zinc-dipicolylamine (Zn-DPA) have been designed to achieve the functional recognition of different bacteria. Due to the cationic character of NBS and metal transfer channel effect of Zn-DPA, NBS-DPA-Zn exhibited the first regent to distinguish P. aeruginosa from other Gram-negative bacteria. Whereas NBS-2DPA-Zn showed broad-spectrum antibacterial effect because the two arm of double Zn-DPA enhanced interactions with anionic membranes of bacteria, led the bacteria aggregation and thus provided the efficacy of APDT to bacteria and corresponding biofilm. In combination with a hydrogel of Pluronic, NBS-2DPA-Zn@gel shows promising clinical application in mixed bacterial diabetic mouse model infection. This might propose a new method that can realize functional identification and elimination of bacteria through intelligent regulation of Zn-DPA, and shows excellent potential for antibacterial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuokai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Shuang Zeng
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Yifu Hao
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Wenlin Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Jianjun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Saran Long
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Jingyun Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China.
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Liu X, Zhao A, Xiao S, Li H, Li M, Guo W, Han Q. PD-1: A critical player and target for immune normalization. Immunology 2024; 172:181-197. [PMID: 38269617 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune system imbalances contribute to the pathogenesis of several different diseases, and immunotherapy shows great therapeutic efficacy against tumours and infectious diseases with immune-mediated derivations. In recent years, molecules targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint have attracted much attention, and related signalling pathways have been studied clearly. At present, several inhibitors and antibodies targeting PD-1 have been utilized as anti-tumour therapies. However, increasing evidence indicates that PD-1 blockade also has different degrees of adverse side effects, and these new explorations into the therapeutic safety of PD-1 inhibitors contribute to the emerging concept that immune normalization, rather than immune enhancement, is the ultimate goal of disease treatment. In this review, we summarize recent advancements in PD-1 research with regard to immune normalization and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Liu
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Alison Zhao
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Su Xiao
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- People's Hospital of Zhoucun, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Haohao Li
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Menghua Li
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiuju Han
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Tang H, Chu W, Xiong J, Wu H, Cheng L, Cheng L, Luo J, Yin H, Li J, Li J, Yang J, Li J. Seeking Cells, Targeting Bacteria: A Cascade-Targeting Bacteria-Responsive Nanosystem for Combating Intracellular Bacterial Infections. Small 2024:e2311967. [PMID: 38712482 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Intracellular bacteria pose a great challenge to antimicrobial therapy due to various physiological barriers at both cellular and bacterial levels, which impede drug penetration and intracellular targeting, thereby fostering antibiotic resistance and yielding suboptimal treatment outcomes. Herein, a cascade-target bacterial-responsive drug delivery nanosystem, MM@SPE NPs, comprising a macrophage membrane (MM) shell and a core of SPE NPs. SPE NPs consist of phenylboronic acid-grafted dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SP NPs) encapsulated with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a non-antibiotic antibacterial component, via pH-sensitive boronic ester bonds are introduced. Upon administration, MM@SPE NPs actively home in on infected macrophages due to the homologous targeting properties of the MM shell, which is subsequently disrupted during cellular endocytosis. Within the cellular environment, SPE NPs expose and spontaneously accumulate around intracellular bacteria through their bacteria-targeting phenylboronic acid groups. The acidic bacterial microenvironment further triggers the breakage of boronic ester bonds between SP NPs and EGCG, allowing the bacterial-responsive release of EGCG for localized intracellular antibacterial effects. The efficacy of MM@SPE NPs in precisely eliminating intracellular bacteria is validated in two rat models of intracellular bacterial infections. This cascade-targeting responsive system offers new solutions for treating intracellular bacterial infections while minimizing the risk of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Wenlin Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jingdi Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Hongkun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Li Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Han Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jinlin Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jiaojiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jianshu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
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Wang C, Xiang Y, Shao Y, Li C. Ferroptosis resists intracellular Vibrio splendidus AJ01 mediated by ferroportin in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 149:109585. [PMID: 38663462 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a kind of programmed cell death, is characterized with iron-dependent lipid ROS buildup, which is considered as an important cellular immunity in resisting intracellular bacterial infection in mammalian macrophages. In this process, lipid ROS oxidizes the bacterial biofilm to inhibit intracellular bacteria. However, the function of ferroptosis in invertebrate remains unknown. In this study, the existence of ferroptosis in Apostichopus japonicus coelomocytes was confirmed, and its antibacterial mechanism was investigated. First, our results indicated that the expression of glutathione peroxidase (AjGPX4) was significantly inhibited by 0.21-fold (p < 0.01) after injecting A. japonicus with the ferroptosis inducer RSL3, and the contents of MDA (3.93-fold, p < 0.01), ferrous iron (1.40-fold, p < 0.01), and lipid ROS (3.10-fold, p < 0.01) were all significantly increased under this condition and simultaneously accompanied with mitochondrial contraction and disappearance of cristae, indicating the existence of ferroptosis in the coelomocytes of A. japonicus. Subsequently, the contents of ferrous iron (1.40-fold, p < 0.05), MDA (2.10-fold, p < 0.01), ROS (1.70-fold, p < 0.01), and lipid ROS (2.50-fold, p < 0.01) were all significantly increased, whereas the mitochondrial membrane potential and GSH/GSSG were markedly decreased by 0.68-fold (p < 0.05) and 0.69-fold (p < 0.01) under Vibrio splendidus (AJ01) infection. This process could be reversed by the iron-chelating agent deferoxamine mesylate, which indicated that AJ01 could induce coelomocytic ferroptosis. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the intracellular AJ01 load was clearly decreased to 0.49-fold (p < 0.05) and 0.06-fold (p < 0.01) after treating coelomocytes with RSL3 and ferrous iron, which indicated that enhanced ferroptosis could inhibit bacterial growth. Finally, subcellular localization demonstrated that ferrous iron efflux protein ferroportin (AjFPN) and intracellular AJ01 were co-localized in coelomocytes. After AjFPN interference (0.58-fold, p < 0.01), the signals of ferrous iron and lipid ROS levels in intracellular AJ01 were significantly reduced by 0.38-fold (p < 0.01) and 0.48-fold (p < 0.01), indicating that AjFPN was an important factor in the introduction of ferroptosis into intracellular bacteria. Overall, our findings indicated that ferroptosis could resist intracellular AJ01 infection via AjFPN. These findings provide a novel defense mechanism for aquatic animals against intracellular bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Yangxi Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China.
| | - Yina Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China.
| | - Chenghua Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao, PR China.
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Park HE, Kim KM, Shin JI, Choi JG, An WJ, Trinh MP, Kang KM, Yoo JW, Byun JH, Jung MH, Lee KH, Kang HL, Baik SC, Lee WK, Shin MK. Prominent transcriptomic changes in Mycobacterium intracellulare under acidic and oxidative stress. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:376. [PMID: 38632539 PMCID: PMC11022373 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), including Mycobacterium intracellulare is a member of slow-growing mycobacteria and contributes to a substantial proportion of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in humans affecting immunocompromised and elderly populations. Adaptation of pathogens in hostile environments is crucial in establishing infection and persistence within the host. However, the sophisticated cellular and molecular mechanisms of stress response in M. intracellulare still need to be fully explored. We aimed to elucidate the transcriptional response of M. intracellulare under acidic and oxidative stress conditions. RESULTS At the transcriptome level, 80 genes were shown [FC] ≥ 2.0 and p < 0.05 under oxidative stress with 10 mM hydrogen peroxide. Specifically, 77 genes were upregulated, while 3 genes were downregulated. In functional analysis, oxidative stress conditions activate DNA replication, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, homologous recombination, and tuberculosis pathways. Additionally, our results demonstrate that DNA replication and repair system genes, such as dnaB, dinG, urvB, uvrD2, and recA, are indispensable for resistance to oxidative stress. On the contrary, 878 genes were shown [FC] ≥ 2.0 and p < 0.05 under acidic stress with pH 4.5. Among these genes, 339 were upregulated, while 539 were downregulated. Functional analysis highlighted nitrogen and sulfur metabolism pathways as the primary responses to acidic stress. Our findings provide evidence of the critical role played by nitrogen and sulfur metabolism genes in the response to acidic stress, including narGHIJ, nirBD, narU, narK3, cysND, cysC, cysH, ferredoxin 1 and 2, and formate dehydrogenase. CONCLUSION Our results suggest the activation of several pathways potentially critical for the survival of M. intracellulare under a hostile microenvironment within the host. This study indicates the importance of stress responses in M. intracellulare infection and identifies promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Eui Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Min Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ih Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Gyu Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jun An
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Minh Phuong Trinh
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Min Kang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Wan Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Byun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hwan Jung
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kon-Ho Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Cheol Baik
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
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Liang Y, Liang Y, Wang Q, Li Q, Huang Y, Li R, Pan X, Lie L, Xu H, Han Z, Liu H, Wen Q, Zhou C, Ma L, Zhou X. Viperin inhibits interferon-γ production to promote Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival by disrupting TBK1-IKKε-IRF3-axis and JAK-STAT signaling. Inflamm Res 2024:10.1007/s00011-024-01873-w. [PMID: 38625657 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01873-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN As an interferon-inducible protein, Viperin has broad-spectrum antiviral effects and regulation of host immune responses. We aim to investigate how Viperin regulates interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production in macrophages to control Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. METHODS We use Viperin deficient bone-marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) to investigate the effects and machines of Viperin on Mtb infection. RESULTS Viperin inhibited IFN-γ production in macrophages and in the lung of mice to promote Mtb survival. Further insight into the mechanisms of Viperin-mediated regulation of IFN-γ production revealed the role of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), the TAK1-dependent inhibition of NF-kappa B kinase-epsilon (IKKε), and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Inhibition of the TBK1-IKKε-IRF3 axis restored IFN-γ production reduced by Viperin knockout in BMDM and suppressed intracellular Mtb survival. Moreover, Viperin deficiency activated the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway, which promoted IFN-γ production and inhibited Mtb infection in BMDM. Additionally, a combination of the anti-TB drug INH treatment in the absence of Viperin resulted in further IFN-γ production and anti-TB effect. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the involvement of TBK1-IKKε-IRF3 axis and JAK-STAT signaling pathways in Viperin-suppressed IFN-γ production in Mtb infected macrophages, and identifies a novel mechanism of Viperin on negatively regulating host immune response to Mtb infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Liang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianna Li
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingqi Huang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Li
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxin Pan
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linmiao Lie
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Han
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honglin Liu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wen
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoying Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Ma
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xinying Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
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Xia Z, Liao Y, Gao G, Zhang S. Rifampicin-Loaded Polyelectrolyte Complex Eliminates Intracellular Bacteria through Thiol-Mediated Cellular Uptake and Oxidative Stress Enhancement. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2024; 7:2544-2553. [PMID: 38507285 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The poor accumulation of antibiotics in the cytoplasm leads to the poor eradication of intracellular bacteria. Herein, a polyelectrolyte complex (PECs@Rif) allowing direct cytosolic delivery of rifampicin (Rif) was developed for the treatment of intracellular infections by complexation of poly(α-lipoic acid) (pLA) and oligosaccharide (COS) in water and loading Rif. Due to the thiol-mediated cellular uptake, PECs@Rif delivered 3.9 times higher Rif into the cytoplasm than that of the free Rif during 8 h of incubation. After entering cells, PECs@Rif released Rif by dissociating pLA into dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) in the presence of intracellular thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). Notably, DHLA could reduce endogenous Fe(III) to Fe(II) and provide a catalyst for the Fenton reaction to produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which would assist Rif in eradicating intracellular bacteria. In vitro assay showed that PECs@Rif reduced almost 2.8 orders of magnitude of intracellular bacteria, much higher than 0.7 orders of magnitude of free Rif. The bacteremia-bearing mouse models showed that PECs@Rif reduced bacterial levels in the liver, spleen, and kidney by 2.2, 3.7, and 2.3 orders of magnitude, respectively, much higher than free Rif in corresponding tissues. The direct cytosolic delivery in a thiol-mediated manner and enhanced oxidative stress proposed a feasible strategy for treating intracellular bacteria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Xia
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yulong Liao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ge Gao
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Shiyong Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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Hao YB, Xing J, Sheng XZ, Chi H, Tang XQ, Zhan WB. The Role of Fc Receptors in the Innate Immune System of Flounders Purported to Be Homologs of FcγRII and FcγRIII. J Immunol 2024; 212:1196-1206. [PMID: 38380986 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
FcγR is a significant opsonin receptor located on the surface of immune cells, playing a crucial role in Ab-dependent cell-mediated immunity. Our previous work revealed opposite expression trends of FcγRII and FcγRIII in flounder mIgM+ B lymphocytes after phagocytosis of antiserum-opsonized Edwardsiella tarda. This observation suggests that FcγRII and FcγRIII might serve distinct functions in Ig-opsonized immune responses. In this study, we prepared rFcγRIII as well as its corresponding Abs to investigate the potential roles of FcγRII and FcγRIII in the Ab-dependent immune response of IgM+ B cells. Our findings indicate that, unlike FcγRII, FcγRIII does not participate in Ab-dependent cellular phagocytosis. Instead, it is involved in cytokine production and bacterial killing in mIgM+ B lymphocytes. Additionally, we identified platelet-derived ADAM17 as a key factor in regulating FcγRIII shedding and cytokine release in mIgM+ B lymphocytes. These results elucidate the functions of FcγRII and FcγRIII in the innate immunology of mIgM+ B lymphocytes and contribute to an improved understanding of the regulatory roles of FcγRs in the phagocytosis of teleost B lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bo Hao
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiu-Zhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Heng Chi
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Wen-Bin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Wu Y, Gong X, Shen J, Zhu K. Postantibiotic leukocyte enhancement-mediated reduction of intracellular bacteria by macrophages. J Adv Res 2024; 58:117-128. [PMID: 37290606 PMCID: PMC10982861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Potentiation of the bactericidal activities of leukocytes, including macrophages, upon antibacterial agent administration has been observed for several decades and is summarized as the postantibiotic leukocyte enhancement (PALE) theory. Antibiotics-induced bacterial sensitization to leukocytes is commonly recognized as the mechanism of PALE. However, the degree of sensitization drastically varies with antibiotic classes, and little is known about whether and how the potentiation of leukocytes contributes to PALE. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aim to develop a mechanistic understanding of PALE by investigating the immunoregulation of traditional antibiotics on macrophages. METHODS Interaction models between bacteria and macrophages were constructed to identify the effects of different antibiotics on the bactericidal activities of macrophages. Oxygen consumption rate, expression of oxidases, and antioxidants were then measured to evaluate the effects of fluoroquinolones (FQs) on the oxidative stress of macrophages. Furthermore, the modulation in endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation upon antibiotic treatment was detected to analyze the mechanisms. At last, the peritoneal infection model was utilized to verify the PALE in vivo. RESULTS Enrofloxacin significantly reduced the intracellular burden of diverse bacterial pathogens through promoting the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The upregulated oxidative response accordingly reprograms the electron transport chain with decreased production of antioxidant enzymes to reduce internalized pathogens. Additionally, enrofloxacin modulated the expression and spatiotemporal localization of myeloperoxidase (MPO) to facilitate ROS accumulation to target invaded bacteria and downregulated inflammatory response to alleviate cellular injury. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the crucial role of leukocytes in PALE, shedding light on the development of new host-directed antibacterial therapies and the design of rational dosage regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoxia Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kui Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Hu G, Huang J, Fussenegger M. Toward Photosynthetic Mammalian Cells through Artificial Endosymbiosis. Small 2024:e2310310. [PMID: 38506612 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Photosynthesis in plants occurs within specialized organelles known as chloroplasts, which are postulated to have originated through endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria. In nature, instances are also observed wherein specific invertebrates engage in symbiotic relationships with photosynthetic bacteria, allowing them to subsist as photoautotrophic organisms over extended durations. Consequently, the concept of engineering artificial endosymbiosis between mammalian cells and cyanobacteria represents a promising avenue for enabling photosynthesis in mammals. The study embarked with the identification of Synechocystis PCC 6803 as a suitable candidate for establishing a long-term endosymbiotic relationship with macrophages. The cyanobacteria internalized by macrophages exhibited the capacity to rescue ATP deficiencies within their host cells under conditions of illumination. Following this discovery, a membrane-coating strategy is developed for the intracellular delivery of cyanobacteria into non-macrophage mammalian cells. This pioneering technique led to the identification of human embryonic kidney cells HEK293 as optimal hosts for achieving sustained endosymbiosis with Synechocystis PCC 6803. The study offers valuable insights that may serve as a reference for the eventual achievement of artificial photosynthesis in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guipeng Hu
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Klingelbergstrasse 48, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jinbo Huang
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Klingelbergstrasse 48, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Klingelbergstrasse 48, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 48, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
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Zheng X, Yang H, Zhang Z, Liang X, Liu Y, Wang C, Yang X, Tang J, Mao J, Nie Y, Zhou X, Li C. pH-responsive size-adjustable liposomes induce apoptosis of fibroblasts and macrophages for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00125-9. [PMID: 38484831 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), macrophages infiltrate joints, while fibroblast-like synovial cells proliferate abnormally, forming a barrier against drug delivery, which hinders effective drug delivery to joint focus. Here we firstly designed a pH-responsive size-adjustable nanoparticle, composed by methotrexate (MTX)-human serum albumin (HSA) complex coating with pH-responsive liposome (Lipo/MTX-HSA) for delivering drugs specifically to inflamed joints in acidic environments. We showed in vitro that the nanoparticles can induce mitochondrial dysfunction, promote apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes and macrophages, further reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-9), and regulate the inflammatory microenvironment. We also demonstrated similar effects in a rat model of arthritis, in which Lipo/MTX-HSA accumulated in arthritic joints, and at low pH, liposome phospholipid bilayer cleavage released small-sized MTX-HSA, which effectively reduced the number of fibroblast-synoviocytes and macrophages in joints, alleviated joint inflammation, and repaired bone erosion. These findings suggest that microenvironment-responsive size-adjustable nanoparticles show promise as a treatment against rheumatoid arthritis. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Abnormal proliferation of fibroblast synoviocytes poses a physical barrier to effective nanoparticle delivery. We designed size-adjustable nano-delivery systems by preparing liposomes with cholesterol hemisuccinate (CHEM), which were subsequently loaded with small-sized albumin nanoparticles encapsulating the cytotoxic drug MTX (MTX-HSA), termed Lipo/MTX-HSA. Upon tail vein injection, Lipo/MTX-HSA could be aggregated at the site of inflammation via the ELVIS effect in the inflamed joint microenvironment. Specifically, intracellular acidic pH-triggered dissociation of liposomes promoted the release of MTX-HSA, which was further targeted to fibroblasts or across fibroblasts to macrophages to exert anti-inflammatory effects. The results showed that liposomes with adjustable particle size achieved efficient drug delivery, penetration and retention in joint sites; the strategy exerted significant anti-inflammatory effects in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction to promote apoptosis in fibrosynoviocytes and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China; Drug laboratory, Department of pharmacy, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital affiliated to North Sichuan Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Zongquan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Xiaoya Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Analysis and Testing Center, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Jingying Mao
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Yu Nie
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China.
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China; Basic Medicine Research Innovation Center for Cardiometabolic Disease, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
| | - Chunhong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China; Basic Medicine Research Innovation Center for Cardiometabolic Disease, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
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Wang S, Fang R, Wang H, Li X, Xing J, Li Z, Song N. The role of transcriptional regulators in metal ion homeostasis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1360880. [PMID: 38529472 PMCID: PMC10961391 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1360880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal ions are essential trace elements for all living organisms and play critical catalytic, structural, and allosteric roles in many enzymes and transcription factors. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), as an intracellular pathogen, is usually found in host macrophages, where the bacterium can survive and replicate. One of the reasons why Tuberculosis (TB) is so difficult to eradicate is the continuous adaptation of its pathogen. It is capable of adapting to a wide range of harsh environmental stresses, including metal ion toxicity in the host macrophages. Altering the concentration of metal ions is the common host strategy to limit MTB replication and persistence. This review mainly focuses on transcriptional regulatory proteins in MTB that are involved in the regulation of metal ions such as iron, copper and zinc. The aim is to offer novel insights and strategies for screening targets for TB treatment, as well as for the development and design of new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ren Fang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jiayin Xing
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhaoli Li
- Drug Innovation Research Center, SAFE Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Ningning Song
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
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Cai Y, Jiang J, Yue C, Zhang Z, Liu W. Gallic acid promotes macrophage phagosome acidification and phagolysosome formation by activating NLRP3/mTOR signaling pathway. J Infect Chemother 2024:S1341-321X(24)00070-9. [PMID: 38462174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gallic acid (GA) has a good therapeutic effect in bacteriological inhibition and plays a variety of functions in maintaining the stability of the immune system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of GA on the bactericidal activity of macrophages against Vibrio vulnificus (Vv). METHODS A cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was carried out to test the cytotoxicity of GA on J774A.1 cells. Concentration of proinflammatory cytokines in J774A.1 cells were evaluated by ELISA. The internalization and degradation of Vv in the phagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The phagosome acidification and phagolysosome formation were detected to evaluate the bacteria-clearing function of J774A.1 cells. The bactericidal activity of GA in vivo was also investigated by collecting the survival time of Vv infected mice and observing the inflammatory infiltration of organs. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that GA at 50 μM significantly inhibited the proinflammatory cytokines levels, promoted phagosome acidification and phagolysosome formation in J774A.1 cells with Vv infection. This may be related to the activation of NLRP3/mTOR signaling pathway. Additionally, GA treatment improves the survival and bactericidal activity of mice infected with Vv. CONCLUSIONS In summary, GA exerts bactericidal activity against Vv infection by regulating the formation and acidification of phagocytic lysosomes in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqu Cai
- Center for New Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China; Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the P.R.C, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jinzhu Jiang
- Center for New Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Yue
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science & Technology, No. 88, Xianning Avenue, Xianning, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Sao Emani C, Reiling N. The efflux pumps Rv1877 and Rv0191 play differential roles in the protection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis against chemical stress. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1359188. [PMID: 38516013 PMCID: PMC10956863 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1359188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It was previously shown that GlnA3sc enabled Streptomyces coelicolor to survive in excess polyamines. However, subsequent studies revealed that Rv1878, the corresponding Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) ortholog, was not essential for the detoxification of spermine (Spm), in M.tb. On the other hand, the multi-drug efflux pump Rv1877 was previously shown to enable export of a wide range of compounds, while Rv0191 was shown to be more specific to chloramphenicol. Rationale Therefore, we first wanted to determine if detoxification of Spm by efflux can be achieved by any efflux pump, or if that was dependent upon the function of the pump. Next, since Rv1878 was found not to be essential for the detoxification of Spm, we sought to follow-up on the investigation of the physiological role of Rv1878 along with Rv1877 and Rv0191. Approach To evaluate the specificity of efflux pumps in the mycobacterial tolerance to Spm, we generated unmarked ∆rv1877 and ∆rv0191 M.tb mutants and evaluated their susceptibility to Spm. To follow up on the investigation of any other physiological roles they may have, we characterized them along with the ∆rv1878 M.tb mutant. Results The ∆rv1877 mutant was sensitive to Spm stress, while the ∆rv0191 mutant was not. On the other hand, the ∆rv1878 mutant grew better than the wild-type during iron starvation yet was sensitive to cell wall stress. The proteins Rv1877 and Rv1878 seemed to play physiological roles during hypoxia and acidic stress. Lastly, the ∆rv0191 mutant was the only mutant that was sensitive to oxidative stress. Conclusion The multidrug MFS-type efflux pump Rv1877 is required for Spm detoxification, as opposed to Rv0191 which seems to play a more specific role. Moreover, Rv1878 seems to play a role in the regulation of iron homeostasis and the reconstitution of the cell wall of M.tb. On the other hand, the sensitivity of the ∆rv0191 mutant to oxidative stress, suggests that Rv0191 may be responsible for the transport of low molecular weight thiols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Sao Emani
- Microbial Interface Biology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Norbert Reiling
- Microbial Interface Biology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Borstel, Germany
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Lyu M, Xu G, Zhou J, Reboud J, Wang Y, Lai H, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Zhu G, Cooper JM, Ying B. Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals Functional Alterations in Tuberculosis. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2305592. [PMID: 38192178 PMCID: PMC10953544 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Despite its importance, the functional heterogeneity surrounding the dynamics of interactions between mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immune cells in determining host immune strength and tuberculosis (TB) outcomes, remains far from understood. This work now describes the development of a new technological platform to elucidate the immune function differences in individuals with TB, integrating single-cell RNA sequencing and cell surface antibody sequencing to provide both genomic and phenotypic information from the same samples. Single-cell analysis of 23 990 peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a new cohort of primary TB patients and healthy controls enables to not only show four distinct immune phenotypes (TB, myeloid, and natural killer (NK) cells), but also determine the dynamic changes in cell population abundance, gene expression, developmental trajectory, transcriptomic regulation, and cell-cell signaling. In doing so, TB-related changes in immune cell functions demonstrate that the immune response is mediated through host T cells, myeloid cells, and NK cells, with TB patients showing decreased naive, cytotoxicity, and memory functions of T cells, rather than their immunoregulatory function. The platform also has the potential to identify new targets for immunotherapeutic treatment strategies to restore T cells from dysfunctional or exhausted states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Lyu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041P. R. China
| | - Gaolian Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering/Med‐X Research InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041P. R. China
| | - Julien Reboud
- Division of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8LTUnited Kingdom
| | - Yili Wang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041P. R. China
| | - Hongli Lai
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041P. R. China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041P. R. China
| | - Yanbing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041P. R. China
| | - Guiying Zhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering/Med‐X Research InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030P. R. China
| | - Jonathan M. Cooper
- Division of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8LTUnited Kingdom
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041P. R. China
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Yang Z, Wang J, Pi J, Hu D, Xu J, Zhao Y, Wang Y. Identification and Validation of Genes Related to Macrophage Polarization and Cell Death Modes Under Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1397-1411. [PMID: 38476473 PMCID: PMC10927374 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s448372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the correlation between M1/M2 macrophages (M1/M2 Mφ) and cell death mode under Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Methods Raw gene expression profiles were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Genes related to different cell death modes were collected from the KEGG, FerrDb and GSEA databases. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the gene expression profiles were identified using the limma package in R. The intersection genes of M1/M2 Mφ with different cell death modes were obtained by the VennDiagram package. Hub genes were obtained by constructing the protein-protein interactions (PPI) network and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The expression of cell death modes marker genes and Hub genes were verified by Western Blot and Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Results Bioinformatics analysis was performed to screen Hub genes of Mtb-infected M1 Mφ and different cell death modes, naming NFKB1, TNF, CFLAR, TBK1, IL6, RELA, SOCS1, AIM2; Hub genes of Mtb-infected M2 Mφ and different cell death modes, naming TNF, BIRC3, MAP1LC3C, DEPTOR, UVRAG, SOCS1. Combined with experimental validation, M1 Mφ under Mtb infection showed higher expression of death (including apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis) genes compared to M2 Mφ and genes such as NFKB1, TNF, CFLAR, TBK1, IL6, RELA, AIM2, BIRC3, DEPTOR show differential expression. Conclusion NFKB1, TNF, CFLAR, TBK1, IL6, RELA, AIM2 in Mtb-infected M1 Mφ, and TNF, BIRC3, DEPTOR in Mtb-infected M2 Mφ might be used as potential diagnostic targets for TB. At early stage of Mtb infection, apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis occurred more significantly in M1 Mφ than that in M2 Mφ, which may contribute to the transition of Mtb-infected Mφ from M1-dominant to M2-dominant and contribute to the immune escape mechanisms of Mtb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisha Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523713, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523713, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Pi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523713, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, People's Republic of China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523713, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfa Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523713, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523713, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, People's Republic of China
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523713, People's Republic of China
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, People's Republic of China
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Wen J, Li Z, Lv Y, Ding S, Zhu Y, Yang J, Tang J, Zhu M, Zhao Y, Zhao W. A subunit vaccine based on Brucella rBP26 induces Th1 immune responses and M1 macrophage activation. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024. [PMID: 38419498 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a global zoonotic infection caused by Brucella bacteria, which poses a significant burden on society. While transmission prevention is currently the most effective method, the absence of a licenced vaccine for humans necessitates the urgent development of a safe and effective vaccine. Recombinant protein-based subunit vaccines are considered promising options, and in this study, the Brucella BP26 protein is expressed using prokaryotic expression systems. The immune responses are evaluated using the well-established adjuvant CpG-ODN. The results demonstrate that rBP26 supplemented with a CpG adjuvant induces M1 macrophage polarization and stimulates cellular immune responses mediated by Th1 cells and CD8 + T cells. Additionally, it generates high levels of rBP26-specific antibodies in immunized mice. Furthermore, rBP26 immunization activates, proliferates, and produces cytokines in T lymphocytes while also maintaining immune memory for an extended period of time. These findings shed light on the potential biological function of rBP26, which is crucial for understanding brucellosis pathogenesis. Moreover, rBP26 holds promise as an effective subunit vaccine candidate for use in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- General Medicine Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Zihua Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yongxue Lv
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Shuqin Ding
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yazhou Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jihui Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jing Tang
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Mingxing Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yinqi Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750004, China
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19
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Sun J, Huang Y, Li X, Xu X, Cui X, Hao F, Ji Q, Chen C, Bao G, Liu Y. Characterization and immunological effect of outer membrane vesicles from Pasteurella multocida on macrophages. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:238. [PMID: 38407600 PMCID: PMC10896778 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13060-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is an important bacterial pathogen that can cause diseases in both animals and humans. Its elevated morbidity and mortality rates in animals result in substantial economic repercussions within the livestock industry. The prevention of diseases caused by P. multocida through immunization is impeded by the absence of a safe and effective vaccine. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria are spherical vesicular structures that encompass an array of periplasmic components in conjunction with a diverse assortment of lipids and proteins. These vesicles can induce antibacterial immune responses within the host. P. multocida has been shown to produce OMVs. Nonetheless, the precise characteristics and immunomodulatory functions of P. multocida OMVs have not been fully elucidated. In this study, OMVs were isolated from P. multocida using an ultrafiltration concentration technique, and their morphology, protein constitution, and immunomodulatory properties in RAW264.7 cells were studied. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) revealed that the OMVs exhibited typical spherical and bilayered lipid vesicular architecture, exhibiting an average diameter of approximately 147.5 nm. The yield of OMVs was 2.6 × 1011 particles/mL. Proteomic analysis revealed a high abundance of membrane-associated proteins within P. multocida OMVs, with the capability to instigate the host's immune response. Furthermore, OMVs stimulated the proliferation and cellular uptake of macrophages and triggered the secretion of cytokines, such as TNF-ɑ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-β1. Consequently, our results indicated that OMVs from P. multocida could directly interact with macrophages and regulate their immune function in vitro. These results supported the prospective applicability of P. multocida OMVs as a platform in the context of vaccine development. KEY POINTS: • Preparation and characterization of P. multocida OMVs. • P. multocida OMVs possess a range of antigens and lipoproteins associated with the activation of the immune system. • P. multocida OMVs can activate the proliferation, internalization, and cytokine secretion of macrophages in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Sun
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Zhejiang, 310018, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yee Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Zhejiang, 310018, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangfei Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Cui
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangjiao Hao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China
| | - Quanan Ji
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Zhejiang, 310018, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guolian Bao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China.
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20
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Tatano Y, Shimizu T, Sano C, Tomioka H. Roles of autophagy in killing of mycobacterial pathogens by host macrophages - Effects of some medicinal plants. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2024; 14:26-36. [PMID: 38349363 PMCID: PMC10895364 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2023.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular stress-induced intracellular process, through which damaged cellular components are decomposed via lysosomal degradation. This process plays important roles in host innate immunity, particularly the elimination of intracellular pathogens inside host macrophages. A more detailed understanding of the roles of autophagic events in the effective manifestation of macrophagic antimycobacterial activity is needed. Furthermore, the effects of medicinal plants on macrophagic autophagy response to mycobacterial infection need to be clarified. We herein examined the significance of autophagic events in the manifestation of host immunity during mycobacterial infection, by performing a literature search using PubMed. Recent studies demonstrated that autophagy up-regulated macrophage functions related to the intracellular killing of mycobacteria, even when pathogens were residing within the cytoplasm of macrophages. The majority of medicinal plants potentiated macrophagic autophagy, thereby enhancing their antimycobacterial functions. In contrast, most medicinal plants down-regulate the development and activation of the Th17 cell population, which reduces macrophage antimycobacterial activity. These opposing effects of medicinal plants on macrophage autophagy (enhancement) and Th17 cell functions (inhibition) may provide a plausible explanation for the clinical observation of their modest efficacy in the treatment of mycobacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Tatano
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Shimizu
- 2Department of Nutrition Administration, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chiaki Sano
- 3Department of Community Medicine Management, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo Japan
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21
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Fuchs AL, Costello SM, Schiller SM, Tripet BP, Copié V. Primary Human M2 Macrophage Subtypes Are Distinguishable by Aqueous Metabolite Profiles. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2407. [PMID: 38397084 PMCID: PMC10889249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The complexity of macrophage (MΦ) plasticity and polarization states, which include classically activated pro-inflammatory (M1) and alternatively activated anti-inflammatory (M2) MΦ phenotypes, is becoming increasingly appreciated. Within the M2 MΦ polarization state, M2a, M2b, M2c, and M2d MΦ subcategories have been defined based on their expression of specific cell surface receptors, secreted cytokines, and specialized immune effector functions. The importance of immunometabolic networks in mediating the function and regulation of MΦ immune responses is also being increasingly recognized, although the exact mechanisms and extent of metabolic modulation of MΦ subtype phenotypes and functions remain incompletely understood. In this study, proton (1H) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics was employed to determine the polar metabolomes of M2 MΦ subtypes and to investigate the relationship between aqueous metabolite profiles and M2 MΦ functional phenotypes. Results from this study demonstrate that M2a MΦs are most distinct from M2b, M2c, and M2d MΦ subtypes, and that M2b MΦs display several metabolic traits associated with an M1-like MΦ phenotype. The significance of metabolome differences for metabolites implicated in glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, phospholipid metabolism, and creatine-phosphocreatine cycling is discussed. Altogether, this study provides biochemical insights into the role of metabolism in mediating the specialized effector functions of distinct M2 MΦ subtypes and supports the concept of a continuum of macrophage activation states rather than two well-separated and functionally distinct M1/M2 MΦ classes, as originally proposed within a classical M1/M2 MΦ framework.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Valérie Copié
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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22
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Reheman A, Wang Y, Cai H, Wei P, Cao G, Chen X. The Role of Rv1476 in Regulating Stress Response and Intracellular Survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:1556-1566. [PMID: 38392218 PMCID: PMC10888442 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46020100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is related to many factors, including intracellular survival, cell wall permeability, and cell envelope proteins. However, the biological function of the M. tuberculosis membrane protein Rv1476 remains unclear. To investigate the potential role played by Rv1476, we constructed an Rv1476 overexpression strain and found that overexpression of Rv1476 enhanced the intracellular survival of M. tuberculosis, while having no impact on the growth rate in vitro. Stress experiments demonstrated that the Rv1476 overexpression strain displayed increased susceptibility to different stresses compared to the wild-type strain. Transcriptome analysis showed that Rv1476 overexpression causes changes in the transcriptome of THP-1 cells, and differential genes are mainly enriched in cell proliferation, fatty acid degradation, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and immune response pathways. Rv1476 overexpression inhibited the expression of some anti-tuberculosis-related genes, such as CCL1, IL15, IL16, ISG15, GBP5, IL23, ATG2A, IFNβ, and CSF3. Altogether, we conclude that Rv1476 may play a critical role for M. tuberculosis in macrophage survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikebaier Reheman
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huaiyuan Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Pingyang Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Gang Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Bio-Medical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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23
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Head BM, Trajtman A, Mao R, Bernard K, Vélez L, Marin D, López L, Rueda ZV, Keynan Y. Inflammatory Patterns Associated with Legionella in HIV and Pneumonia Coinfections. Pathogens 2024; 13:173. [PMID: 38392911 PMCID: PMC10892575 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13020173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Legionella infections have a propensity for occurring in HIV-infected individuals, with immunosuppressed individuals tending to present with more severe disease. However, understanding regarding the Legionella host response in immune compromised individuals is lacking. This study investigated the inflammatory profiles associated with Legionella infection in patients hospitalized with HIV and pneumonia in Medellín, Colombia from February 2007 to April 2014, and correlated these profiles with clinical outcomes. Sample aliquots from the Colombian cohort were shipped to Canada where Legionella infections and systemic cytokine profiles were determined using real-time PCR and bead-based technology, respectively. To determine the effect of Legionella coinfection on clinical outcome, a patient database was consulted, comparing laboratory results and outcomes between Legionella-positive and -negative individuals. Principal component analysis revealed higher plasma concentrations of eotaxin, IP-10 and MCP-1 (p = 0.0046) during Legionella infection. Individuals with this immune profile also had higher rates of intensive care unit admissions (adjusted relative risk 1.047 [95% confidence interval 1.027-1.066]). Results demonstrate that systemic markers of monocyte/macrophage activation and differentiation (eotaxin, MCP-1, and IP-10) are associated with Legionella infection and worse patient outcomes. Further investigations are warranted to determine how this cytokine profile may play a role in Legionella pneumonia pathogenesis or immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanne M. Head
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (B.M.H.); (R.M.); (Z.V.R.)
| | - Adriana Trajtman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (B.M.H.); (R.M.); (Z.V.R.)
| | - Ruochen Mao
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (B.M.H.); (R.M.); (Z.V.R.)
| | - Kathryn Bernard
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P6, Canada;
| | - Lázaro Vélez
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia;
- Infectious Diseases Section, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellin 050010, Colombia
| | - Diana Marin
- School of Medicine, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin 050010, Colombia; (D.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Lucelly López
- School of Medicine, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin 050010, Colombia; (D.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Zulma Vanessa Rueda
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (B.M.H.); (R.M.); (Z.V.R.)
- School of Medicine, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin 050010, Colombia; (D.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Yoav Keynan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (B.M.H.); (R.M.); (Z.V.R.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1R9, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W3, Canada
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24
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Grubwieser P, Brigo N, Seifert M, Grander M, Theurl I, Nairz M, Weiss G, Pfeifhofer-Obermair C. Quantification of Macrophage Cellular Ferrous Iron (Fe 2+) Content Using a Highly Specific Fluorescent Probe in a Plate Reader. Bio Protoc 2024; 14:e4929. [PMID: 38379830 PMCID: PMC10875354 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are at the center of innate immunity and iron metabolism. In the case of an infection, macrophages adapt their cellular iron metabolism to deprive iron from invading bacteria to combat intracellular bacterial proliferation. A concise evaluation of the cellular iron content upon an infection with bacterial pathogens and diverse cellular stimuli is necessary to identify underlying mechanisms concerning iron homeostasis in macrophages. For the characterization of cellular iron levels during infection, we established an in vitro infection model where the murine macrophage cell line J774A.1 is infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.tm), the mouse counterpart to S. enterica serovar Typhi, under normal and iron-overload conditions using ferric chloride (FeCl3) treatment. To evaluate the effect of infection and iron stimulation on cellular iron levels, the macrophages are stained with FerroOrange. This fluorescent probe specifically detects Fe2+ ions and its fluorescence can be quantified photometrically in a plate reader. Importantly, FerroOrange fluorescence does not increase with chelated iron or other bivalent metal ions. In this protocol, we present a simple and reliable method to quantify cellular Fe2+ levels in cultured macrophages by applying a highly specific fluorescence probe (FerroOrange) in a TECAN Spark microplate reader. Compared to already established techniques, our protocol allows assessing cellular iron levels in innate immune cells without the use of radioactive iron isotopes or extensive sample preparation, exposing the cells to stress. Key features • Easy quantification of Fe2+ in cultured macrophages with a fluorescent probe. • Analysis of iron in living cells without the need for fixation. • Performed on a plate reader capable of 540 nm excitation and 585 nm emission by trained employees for handling biosafety level 2 bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Grubwieser
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical
University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natascha Brigo
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical
University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Seifert
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical
University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and
Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manuel Grander
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical
University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and
Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Igor Theurl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical
University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manfred Nairz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical
University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical
University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and
Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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25
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Rano S, Bhaduri A, Singh M. Nanoparticle-based platforms for targeted drug delivery to the pulmonary system as therapeutics to curb cystic fibrosis: A review. J Microbiol Methods 2024; 217-218:106876. [PMID: 38135160 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder of the respiratory system caused by mutation of the Cystic Fibrosis Trans-Membrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene that affects a huge number of people worldwide. It results in difficulty breathing due to a large accumulation of mucus in the respiratory tract, resulting in serious bacterial infections, and subsequent death. Traditional drug-based treatments face hindered penetration at the site of action due to the thick mucus layer. Nanotechnology offers possibilities for developing advanced and effective treatment platforms by focusing on drugs that can penetrate the dense mucus layer, fighting against the underlying bacterial infections, and targeting the genetic cause of the disease. In this review, current nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery platforms for CF, challenges in therapeutics, and future prospects have been highlighted. The effectiveness of the different types of nano-based systems conjugated with various drugs to combat the symptoms and the challenges of treating CF are brought into focus. The toxic effects of these nano-medicines and the various factors that are responsible for their effectiveness are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Rano
- Department of Biotechnology, Haldia Institute of Technology, HIT Campus, Purba Medinipur, Haldia 721657, West Bengal, India; In-vitro Biology, Aragen Life Sciences, Hyderabad 500076, Telangana, India
| | - Ahana Bhaduri
- Department of Biotechnology, Haldia Institute of Technology, HIT Campus, Purba Medinipur, Haldia 721657, West Bengal, India
| | - Mukesh Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Haldia Institute of Technology, HIT Campus, Purba Medinipur, Haldia 721657, West Bengal, India; Department of Botany, Kabi Nazrul College, Murarai, Birbhum 731219 (West Bengal), India.
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Xiong J, Tang H, Sun L, Zhu J, Tao S, Luo J, Li J, Li J, Wu H, Yang J. A macrophage cell membrane-coated cascade-targeting photothermal nanosystem for combating intracellular bacterial infections. Acta Biomater 2024; 175:293-306. [PMID: 38159895 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Current antibacterial interventions encounter formidable challenges when confronting intracellular bacteria, attributable to their clustering within phagocytes, particularly macrophages, evading host immunity and resisting antibiotics. Herein, we have developed an intelligent cell membrane-based nanosystem, denoted as MM@DAu NPs, which seamlessly integrates cascade-targeting capabilities with controllable antibacterial functions for the precise elimination of intracellular bacteria. MM@DAu NPs feature a core comprising D-alanine-functionalized gold nanoparticles (DAu NPs) enveloped by a macrophage cell membrane (MM) coating. Upon administration, MM@DAu NPs harness the intrinsic homologous targeting ability of their macrophage membrane to infiltrate bacteria-infected macrophages. Upon internalization within these host cells, exposed DAu NPs from MM@DAu NPs selectively bind to intracellular bacteria through the bacteria-targeting agent, D-alanine present on DAu NPs. This intricate process establishes a cascade mechanism that efficiently targets intracellular bacteria. Upon exposure to near-infrared irradiation, the accumulated DAu NPs surrounding intracellular bacteria induce local hyperthermia, enabling precise clearance of intracellular bacteria. Further validation in animal models infected with the typical intracellular bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, substantiates the exceptional cascade-targeting efficacy and photothermal antibacterial potential of MM@DAu NPs in vivo. Therefore, this integrated cell membrane-based cascade-targeting photothermal nanosystem offers a promising approach for conquering persistent intracellular infections without drug resistance risks. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Intracellular bacterial infections lead to treatment failures and relapses because intracellular bacteria could cluster within phagocytes, especially macrophages, evading the host immune system and resisting antibiotics. Herein, we have developed an intelligent cell membrane-based nanosystem MM@DAu NPs, which is designed to precisely eliminate intracellular bacteria through a controllable cascade-targeting photothermal antibacterial approach. MM@DAu NPs combine D-alanine-functionalized gold nanoparticles with a macrophage cell membrane coating. Upon administration, MM@DAu NPs harness the homologous targeting ability of macrophage membrane to infiltrate bacteria-infected macrophages. Upon internalization, exposed DAu NPs from MM@DAu NPs selectively bind to intracellular bacteria through the bacteria-targeting agent, enabling precise clearance of intracellular bacteria through local hyperthermia. This integrated cell membrane-based cascade-targeting photothermal nanosystem offers a promising avenue for conquering persistent intracellular infections without drug resistance risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingdi Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Haiqin Tang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lizhong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jieyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Siying Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hongkun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Jiaojiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Ma Q, Chen J, Kong X, Zeng Y, Chen Z, Liu H, Liu L, Lu S, Wang X. Interactions between CNS and immune cells in tuberculous meningitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1326859. [PMID: 38361935 PMCID: PMC10867975 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1326859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) harbors its own special immune system composed of microglia in the parenchyma, CNS-associated macrophages (CAMs), dendritic cells, monocytes, and the barrier systems within the brain. Recently, advances in the immune cells in the CNS provided new insights to understand the development of tuberculous meningitis (TBM), which is the predominant form of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection in the CNS and accompanied with high mortality and disability. The development of the CNS requires the protection of immune cells, including macrophages and microglia, during embryogenesis to ensure the accurate development of the CNS and immune response following pathogenic invasion. In this review, we summarize the current understanding on the CNS immune cells during the initiation and development of the TBM. We also explore the interactions of immune cells with the CNS in TBM. In the future, the combination of modern techniques should be applied to explore the role of immune cells of CNS in TBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shuihua Lu
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Pashizeh F, Mansouri A, Bazzazan S, Abdihaji M, Khaleghian M, Bazzazan S, Rezei N, Eskandari A, Mashayekhi F, Heydari M, Tavakkoli Yaraki M. Bioresponsive gingerol-loaded alginate-coated niosomal nanoparticles for targeting intracellular bacteria and cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128957. [PMID: 38154726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Targeting and treating intracellular pathogen infections has been long-standing challenge, particularly in light of the escalating prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. Herein, an optimum formulation of alginate (AL)-coated niosome-based carriers for delivery of herbal extract Gingerol (Gin) was developed to treat intracellular pathogen infections and cancer cells. We used Gin-Nio@AL as a model drug to assess its efficacy against Gram-negative/positive bacteria and breast cancer cell lines. Our investigation affirmed its heightened antibacterial and anticancer properties. The antibacterial activity of Gin-Nio@AL against intracellular Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was also tested. In the current study, the niosome nanoparticles containing herbal extract Gingerol were optimized regarding lipid content and Surfactant per Cholesterol molar ratio. The developed formulation provided potential advantages, such as smooth globular surface morphology, small diameter (240.68 nm), pH-sensitive sustained release, and high entrapment efficiency (94.85 %). The release rate of Gin from AL-coated niosomes (Gin-Nio@AL) in physiological and acidic pH is lower than uncoated nanoparticles (Gin-Nio). Besides, the release rate of Gin from niosomal formulations increased in acidic pH. The Gin-Nio@AL demonstrated good antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, and compared to Gin-Nio, the MIC values decreased to 7.82 ± 0.00 and 1.95 ± 0.00 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, the time-kill assay results showed that the developed formulation significantly reduced the number of bacteria in both strains compared to other tested groups. The microtiter data and scanning electron microscope micrography showed that Gin-Nio@AL has a more significant inhibitory effect on biofilm formation than Gin-Nio and Gin. The cell cytotoxicity evaluation showed that Gin-Nio@AL reduced the survival rate of MDA-MB-231 cancer cells to 52.4 % and 45.2 % after 48 h and 72 h, respectively. The elimination of intracellular pathogens was investigated through a breast cancer cell infection in an in vitro model. Gin-Nio@AL exhibited an enhanced and sustained intracellular antibacterial activity against pathogens-infected breast cancer cells compared to other tested formulations. Overall, Gin-Nio@AL enables the triggered release and targeting of intra-extra cellular bacteria and cancer cells and provides a novel and promising candidate for treating intracellular pathogen infections and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Pashizeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science Yazd, Iran
| | - Afsoun Mansouri
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saina Bazzazan
- Department of Community Medicine, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Abdihaji
- Department of Biology, The Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Saba Bazzazan
- Department of Community Medicine, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Niloufar Rezei
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Eskandari
- CTERC, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Mashayekhi
- Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Heydari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
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Schurr E, Dallmann-Sauer M, Fava V, Malherbe S, McDonald C, Orlova M, Kroon E, Cobat A, Boisson-Dupuis S, Hoal E, Abel L, Möller M, Casanova JL, Walzl G, du Plessis N. Mycobacterium tuberculosis resisters despite HIV exhibit activated T cells and macrophages in their pulmonary alveoli. Res Sq 2024:rs.3.rs-3889020. [PMID: 38352496 PMCID: PMC10863035 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3889020/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
To understand natural resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) infection, we studied people living with HIV (PLWH) in an area of high Mtb transmission. Given that alveolar leukocytes may contribute to this resistance, we performed single cell RNA-sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage cells, unstimulated or ex vivo stimulated with Mtb . We obtained high quality cells for 7 participants who were TST & IGRA positive (called LTBI) and 6 who were persistently TST & IGRA negative (called resisters). Alveolar macrophages (AM) from resisters displayed more of an M1 phenotype relative to LTBI AM at baseline. Alveolar lymphocytosis (10%-60%) was exhibited by 5/6 resisters, resulting in higher numbers of CD4 + and CD8 + IFNG -expressing cells at baseline and upon Mtb challenge than LTBI samples. Mycobactericidal granulysin was expressed almost exclusively by a cluster of CD8 + T cells that co-expressed granzyme B, perforin and NK cell receptors. For resisters, these poly-cytotoxic T cells over-represented activating NK cell receptors and were present at 15-fold higher numbers in alveoli compared to LTBI. Altogether, our results showed that alveolar lymphocytosis, with increased numbers of alveolar IFNG -expressing cells and CD8 + poly-cytotoxic T cells, as well as activated AM were strongly associated with protection from persistent Mtb infection in PLWH.
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Garcia-Flores V, Romero R, Tarca AL, Peyvandipour A, Xu Y, Galaz J, Miller D, Chaiworapongsa T, Chaemsaithong P, Berry SM, Awonuga AO, Bryant DR, Pique-Regi R, Gomez-Lopez N. Deciphering maternal-fetal cross-talk in the human placenta during parturition using single-cell RNA sequencing. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadh8335. [PMID: 38198568 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adh8335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Labor is a complex physiological process requiring a well-orchestrated dialogue between the mother and fetus. However, the cellular contributions and communications that facilitate maternal-fetal cross-talk in labor have not been fully elucidated. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was applied to decipher maternal-fetal signaling in the human placenta during term labor. First, a single-cell atlas of the human placenta was established, demonstrating that maternal and fetal cell types underwent changes in transcriptomic activity during labor. Cell types most affected by labor were fetal stromal and maternal decidual cells in the chorioamniotic membranes (CAMs) and maternal and fetal myeloid cells in the placenta. Cell-cell interaction analyses showed that CAM and placental cell types participated in labor-driven maternal and fetal signaling, including the collagen, C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), galectin, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) pathways. Integration of scRNA-seq data with publicly available bulk transcriptomic data showed that placenta-derived scRNA-seq signatures could be monitored in the maternal circulation throughout gestation and in labor. Moreover, comparative analysis revealed that placenta-derived signatures in term labor were mirrored by those in spontaneous preterm labor and birth. Furthermore, we demonstrated that early in gestation, labor-specific, placenta-derived signatures could be detected in the circulation of women destined to undergo spontaneous preterm birth, with either intact or prelabor ruptured membranes. Collectively, our findings provide insight into the maternal-fetal cross-talk of human parturition and suggest that placenta-derived single-cell signatures can aid in the development of noninvasive biomarkers for the prediction of preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Garcia-Flores
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Adi L Tarca
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Azam Peyvandipour
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Yi Xu
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jose Galaz
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Derek Miller
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Piya Chaemsaithong
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Stanley M Berry
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Awoniyi O Awonuga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - David R Bryant
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Roger Pique-Regi
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Sun F, Li J, Cao L, Yan C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence protein ESAT-6 influences M1/M2 polarization and macrophage apoptosis to regulate tuberculosis progression. Genes Genomics 2024; 46:37-47. [PMID: 37971619 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), and it remains one of the major threats to human health worldwide. To our knowledge, the polarization of M1/M2 macrophages were critical innate immune cells which play important roles in regulating the immune response during TB progression. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the potential mechanisms of M1/M2 macrophage polarization in TB development. METHODS THP-1 macrophages were treated with early secreted antigenic target of 6 kDa (ESAT-6) protein for an increasing time. The polarization profiles, apoptosis levels of M1 and M2 macrophages were detected by RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, Western blot and flow cytometry. RESULTS ESAT-6 initially promoted the generation of pro-inflammatory M1-polarized macrophages in THP-1 cells within 24 h, which were suppressed by further ESAT-6 treatment at 30-42 h. Interestingly, ESAT-6 continuously promoted M2 polarization of THP-1 cells, thereby maintaining the anti-inflammatory response in a time-dependent manner. In addition, ESAT-6 promoted apoptotic cell death in M1-polarized macrophages, which had little effects on apoptosis of M2-phenotype of macrophages. Then, the potential underlying mechanisms were uncovered, and we verified that ESAT-6 increased the protein levels of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB to activate the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway within 24 h, and this signal pathway was significantly inactivated at 36 h post-treatment. Interestingly, the following experiments confirmed that ESAT-6 TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway-dependently regulated M1/M2 polarization and apoptosis of macrophage in THP-1 cells. CONCLUSION Our study investigated the detailed effects and mechanisms of M1/M2 macrophages in regulating innate responses during TB development, which provided a new perspective on the development of treatment strategies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, South Liyu Shan Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Jiangbo Li
- Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ling Cao
- Inspection Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Cunzi Yan
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, South Liyu Shan Road, Urumqi, 830054, China.
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Ahmad S, Rahman H, Mumtaz S, Qasim M, Rahman ZU, Alsuwat MA, Halawani IF, Alzahrani FM, Ali S. mecA and fdh: markers of pathogenicity and commensalism in Staphylococcus epidermidis of pediatric origin from Pakistan. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 108:116109. [PMID: 37918188 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen. The study screened isolates of S. epidermidis of pediatric origin for genetic markers of discriminatory potential. 103 isolates (n = 75 clinical; n = 28 community) were screened for methicillin resistance (mecA), formate dehydrogenase (fdh) and an array of virulence factors through multiplex PCR and Congo red assay. The isolates were typed in four distinct categories, based on the presence of selected virulent factors. The type A clinical isolates carrying icaADBC operon (n = 22; 29.3%, P = 0.117) were not significantly differentiating the origin of isolates. The type B clinical isolates representing methicillin resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE) (n = 73; 97.3%, P < 0.00001) and the type C clinical isolates lacking formate dehydrogenase fdh (n = 62; 82.6%, P < 0.00001) were having significant discriminatory potential of clinical isolates, respectively. All type D community isolates were carrying fdh (n = 28; 100%, P < 0.00001). MecA and fdh are significant differential markers of pathogenicity and commensalism in S. epidermidis of pediatric origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghir Ahmad
- Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Hazir Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan.
| | - Sumbal Mumtaz
- Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Zia Ur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Meshari A Alsuwat
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim F Halawani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad M Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
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Xu T, Wang C, Li M, Wei J, He Z, Qian Z, Wang X, Wang H. Mycobacterium tuberculosis PE_PGRS45 (Rv2615c) Promotes Recombinant Mycobacteria Intracellular Survival via Regulation of Innate Immunity, and Inhibition of Cell Apoptosis. J Microbiol 2024; 62:49-62. [PMID: 38337112 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-023-00101-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), is a significant global public health problem. Mycobacterium tuberculosis expresses a unique family of PE_PGRS proteins that have been implicated in pathogenesis. Despite numerous studies, the functions of most PE_PGRS proteins in the pathogenesis of mycobacterium infections remain unclear. PE_PGRS45 (Rv2615c) is only found in pathogenic mycobacteria. In this study, we successfully constructed a recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis (M. smegmatis) strain which heterologously expresses the PE_PGRS45 protein. We found that overexpression of this cell wall-associated protein enhanced bacterial viability under stress in vitro and cell survival in macrophages. MS_PE_PGRS45 decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p40, and TNF-α. We also found that MS_PE_PGRS45 increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and altered macrophage-mediated immune responses. Furthermore, PE_PGRS45 enhanced the survival rate of M. smegmatis in macrophages by inhibiting cell apoptosis. Collectively, our findings show that PE_PGRS45 is a virulent factor actively involved in the interaction with the host macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chutong Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Minying Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wei
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan He
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongqing Qian
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Molecular Diagnosis Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Molecular Diagnosis Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233030, People's Republic of China.
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Zhuang L, Yang L, Li L, Ye Z, Gong W. Mycobacterium tuberculosis: immune response, biomarkers, and therapeutic intervention. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e419. [PMID: 38188605 PMCID: PMC10771061 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Although tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease, the progression of the disease following Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection is closely associated with the host's immune response. In this review, a comprehensive analysis of TB prevention, diagnosis, and treatment was conducted from an immunological perspective. First, we delved into the host's immune response mechanisms against MTB infection as well as the immune evasion mechanisms of the bacteria. Addressing the challenges currently faced in TB diagnosis and treatment, we also emphasized the importance of protein, genetic, and immunological biomarkers, aiming to provide new insights for early and personalized diagnosis and treatment of TB. Building upon this foundation, we further discussed intervention strategies involving chemical and immunological treatments for the increasingly critical issue of drug-resistant TB and other forms of TB. Finally, we summarized TB prevention, diagnosis, and treatment challenges and put forward future perspectives. Overall, these findings provide valuable insights into the immunological aspects of TB and offer new directions toward achieving the WHO's goal of eradicating TB by 2035.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhuang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and TreatmentSenior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Senior Department of TuberculosisHebei North UniversityZhangjiakouHebeiChina
| | - Ling Yang
- Senior Department of TuberculosisHebei North UniversityZhangjiakouHebeiChina
| | - Linsheng Li
- Senior Department of TuberculosisHebei North UniversityZhangjiakouHebeiChina
| | - Zhaoyang Ye
- Senior Department of TuberculosisHebei North UniversityZhangjiakouHebeiChina
| | - Wenping Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and TreatmentSenior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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Zhang J, Cui Y, Zang X, Feng T, Chen F, Wang H, Dang G, Liu S. PE12 interaction with TLR4 promotes intracellular survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by suppressing inflammatory response. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127547. [PMID: 37863130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages serve as the primary immune cells responsible for the innate immune defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection within the host. Specifically, NLRP3, a member of the NLRs family, plays a significant role in conferring resistance against MTB infection. Conversely, MTB evades innate immune killing by impeding the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, although the precise mechanism remains uncertain. In this study, we have identified PE12 (Rv1172c), a member of the PE/PPE family proteins, as an extracellular protein of MTB. PE12 interacts with Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) in macrophages, forming the PE12-TLR4 complex which subsequently inhibits the transcription and expression of NLRP3. As a result, the transcription and secretion of IL-1β are reduced through the PE12-TLR4-NLRP3-IL-1β immune pathway. In vitro and in vivo experiments using a PE12-deficient strain (H37RvΔPE12) demonstrate a weakening of the suppression of the inflammatory response to MTB infection. Our findings highlight the role of the PE12 protein in not only inhibiting the transcription and release of inflammatory cytokines but also mediating the killing of MTB escape macrophages through TLR4 and inducing lung injury in MTB-infected mice. These results provide evidence that PE12 plays a significant role in the inhibition of the host immune response by MTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Yingying Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Xinxin Zang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Tingting Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Fanruo Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Guanghui Dang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin 150069, PR China.
| | - Siguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO.678, Haping Street, Harbin 150069, PR China.
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Kiselinova M, Naesens L, Huis In ’t Veld D, Boelens J, Van Braeckel E, Vande Weygaerde Y, Callens S. Management Challenges of Extrapulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection: A Single-Center Case Series and Literature Review. Pathogens 2023; 13:12. [PMID: 38276158 PMCID: PMC10819148 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Extrapulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease remains largely enigmatic, yet these mycobacteria are increasingly acknowledged as important opportunistic pathogens in humans. Traditionally, NTM infections have been identified across various anatomical locations, with the respiratory system being the most affected and best understood. Historically, extrapulmonary NTM infection was predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, with Mycobacterium avium lymphadenopathy being the most commonly reported. Today, however, because of the expanding utilization of immunosuppressive therapies and the demographic shift towards an aging population, an increasing number of NTM infections are expected and seen. Hence, a heightened index of suspicion is essential, necessitating a multifaceted approach to identification and drug sensitivity testing to improve treatment outcomes. In extrapulmonary NTM management, expert consultation is strongly recommended to determine the most efficacious treatment regimen, as individualized, patient-tailored therapies are often required. Furthermore, the economic burden of NTM disease is considerable, accompanied by high rates of hospitalization. To optimize the management of these intricate infections, there is an urgent need for comprehensive data on incidence, prevalence, and outcomes. This case-based series delves into the intricate nature of extrapulmonary NTM infections, focusing on both rapid and slow-growing NTM species, and explores therapeutic options, resistance mechanisms, and host-related immunological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Kiselinova
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.N.); (S.C.)
| | - Leslie Naesens
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.N.); (S.C.)
| | - Diana Huis In ’t Veld
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.N.); (S.C.)
| | - Jerina Boelens
- Department of Microbiology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Eva Van Braeckel
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (Y.V.W.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Steven Callens
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.N.); (S.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Suman SK, Chandrasekaran N, Priya Doss CG. Micro-nanoemulsion and nanoparticle-assisted drug delivery against drug-resistant tuberculosis: recent developments. Clin Microbiol Rev 2023; 36:e0008823. [PMID: 38032192 PMCID: PMC10732062 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00088-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health problem and the second most prevalent infectious killer after COVID-19. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and has become increasingly challenging to treat due to drug resistance. The World Health Organization declared TB a global health emergency in 1993. Drug resistance in TB is driven by mutations in the bacterial genome that can be influenced by prolonged drug exposure and poor patient adherence. The development of drug-resistant forms of TB, such as multidrug resistant, extensively drug resistant, and totally drug resistant, poses significant therapeutic challenges. Researchers are exploring new drugs and novel drug delivery systems, such as nanotechnology-based therapies, to combat drug resistance. Nanodrug delivery offers targeted and precise drug delivery, improves treatment efficacy, and reduces adverse effects. Along with nanoscale drug delivery, a new generation of antibiotics with potent therapeutic efficacy, drug repurposing, and new treatment regimens (combinations) that can tackle the problem of drug resistance in a shorter duration could be promising therapies in clinical settings. However, the clinical translation of nanomedicines faces challenges such as safety, large-scale production, regulatory frameworks, and intellectual property issues. In this review, we present the current status, most recent findings, challenges, and limiting barriers to the use of emulsions and nanoparticles against drug-resistant TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simpal Kumar Suman
- School of Bio Sciences & Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natarajan Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nano Biotechnology (CNBT), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C. George Priya Doss
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zayats R, Mou Z, Yazdanpanah A, Gupta G, Lopez P, Nayar D, Koh WH, Uzonna JE, Murooka TT. Antigen recognition reinforces regulatory T cell mediated Leishmania major persistence. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8449. [PMID: 38114497 PMCID: PMC10730873 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44297-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous Leishmania major infection elicits a rapid T cell response that is insufficient to clear residually infected cells, possibly due to the accumulation of regulatory T cells in healed skin. Here, we used Leishmania-specific TCR transgenic mice as a sensitive tool to characterize parasite-specific effector and immunosuppressive responses in vivo using two-photon microscopy. We show that Leishmania-specific Tregs displayed higher suppressive activity compared to polyclonal Tregs, that was mediated through IL-10 and not through disrupting cell-cell contacts or antigen presentation. In vivo expansion of endogenous Leishmania-specific Tregs resulted in disease reactivation that was also IL-10 dependent. Interestingly, lack of Treg expansion that recognized the immunodominant Leishmania peptide PEPCK was sufficient to restore robust effector Th1 responses and resulted in parasite control exclusively in male hosts. Our data suggest a stochastic model of Leishmania major persistence in skin, where cellular factors that control parasite numbers are counterbalanced by Leishmania-specific Tregs that facilitate parasite persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romaniya Zayats
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Zhirong Mou
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Atta Yazdanpanah
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Paul Lopez
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Deesha Nayar
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Wan H Koh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jude E Uzonna
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Thomas T Murooka
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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Lee MH, Kim HL, Seo H, Jung S, Kim BJ. A secreted form of chorismate mutase (Rv1885c) in Mycobacterium bovis BCG contributes to pathogenesis by inhibiting mitochondria-mediated apoptotic cell death of macrophages. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:95. [PMID: 38110948 PMCID: PMC10729386 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00988-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), and its pathogenicity is associated with its ability to evade the host defense system. The secretory form of the chorismate mutase of M. tuberculosis (TBCM, encoded by Rv1885c) is assumed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of TB; however, the mechanism remains unknown. METHODS A tbcm deletion mutant (B∆tbcm) was generated by targeted gene knockout in BCG to investigate the pathogenic role of TBCM in mice or macrophages. We compared the pathogenesis of B∆tbcm and wild-type BCG in vivo by measuring the bacterial clearance rate and the degree of apoptosis. Promotion of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway was evaluated in infected bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) by measuring apoptotic cell death, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and translocation of pore-forming proteins. Immunocytochemistry, western blotting and real-time PCR were also performed to assess the related protein expression levels after infection. Furthermore, these findings were validated by complementation of tbcm in BCG. RESULTS Deletion of the tbcm gene in BCG leads to reduced pathogenesis in a mouse model, compared to wild type BCG, by promoting apoptotic cell death and bacterial clearance. Based on these findings, we found that intrinsic apoptosis and mitochondrial impairment were promoted in B∆tbcm-infected BMDMs. B∆tbcm down-regulates the expression of Bcl-2, which leads to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), culminating in cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Consistent with this, transcriptome profiling also indicated that B∆tbcm infection is more closely related to altered mitochondrial-related gene expression than wild-type BCG infection, suggesting an inhibitory role of TBCM in mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, genetic complementation of B∆tbcm (C∆tbcm) restored its capacity to inhibit mitochondria-mediated apoptotic cell death. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the contribution of TBCM to bacterial survival, inhibiting intrinsic apoptotic cell death of macrophages as a virulence factor of M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains, which could be a potential target for the development of TB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hyun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Lin Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejun Seo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangkwon Jung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Joon Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Challagundla N, Phadnis D, Gupta A, Agrawal-Rajput R. Host Lipid Manipulation by Intracellular Bacteria: Moonlighting for Immune Evasion. J Membr Biol 2023; 256:393-411. [PMID: 37938349 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-023-00296-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are complex organic molecules that fulfill energy demands and sometimes act as signaling molecules. They are mostly found in membranes, thus playing an important role in membrane trafficking and protecting the cell from external dangers. Based on the composition of the lipids, their fluidity and charge, their interaction with embedded proteins vary greatly. Bacteria can hijack host lipids to satisfy their energy needs or to conceal themselves from host cells. Intracellular bacteria continuously exploit host, from their entry into host cells utilizing host lipid machinery to exiting through the cells. This acquisition of lipids from host cells helps in their disguise mechanism. The current review explores various mechanisms employed by the intracellular bacteria to manipulate and acquire host lipids. It discusses their role in manipulating host membranes and the subsequence impact on the host cells. Modulating these lipids in macrophages not only serve the purpose of the pathogen but also modulates the macrophage energy metabolism and functional state. Additionally, we have explored the intricate pathogenic relationship and the potential prospects of using this knowledge in lipid-based therapeutics to disrupt pathogen dominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Challagundla
- Immunology Lab, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382426, India
| | - Deepti Phadnis
- Immunology Lab, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382426, India
| | - Aakriti Gupta
- Immunology Lab, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382426, India
| | - Reena Agrawal-Rajput
- Immunology Lab, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382426, India.
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Qin M, Huang L, Li M, Shao T, Zhang J, Jiang X, Shao C, Zhao C, Pan Y, Zhou Q, Wang Y, Liu XM, Qiu J. Immunotoxicity Evaluation of Trihalophenolic Disinfection By-Products in Mouse and Human Mononuclear Macrophage Systems: The Role of RNA Epitranscriptomic Modification in Mammalian Immunity. Environ Health Perspect 2023; 131:127023. [PMID: 38157273 PMCID: PMC10756339 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (TCP), 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) and 2,4,6-triiodophenol (TIP) are three widely detected trihalophenolic disinfection by-products (DBPs). Previous studies have mainly focused on the carcinogenic risk and developmental toxicity of 2,4,6-trihalophenols. Very little is known about their immunotoxicity in mammals. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effects of 2,4,6-trihalophenols on mammalian immunity using a mouse macrophage model infected with bacteria or intracellular parasites and aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms from an epitranscriptomic perspective. The identified mechanisms were further validated in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS The mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 and primary mouse peritoneal macrophages were exposed to different concentrations of TCP, TBP, and TIP. The pro-inflammatory marker Ly6C, the survival of the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the parasite burden of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) were assessed. Furthermore, the global gene expression profiling of macrophages following exposure to 2,4,6-trihalophenols was obtained through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). The effects of 2,4,6-trihalophenols on RNA N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A ) methyltransferases and total RNA m 6 A levels were evaluated using Western blotting and dot blot, respectively. Transcriptome-wide m 6 A methylome was analyzed by m 6 A -seq . In addition, expression of m 6 A regulators and total RNA m 6 A levels in human PBMCs exposed to 2,4,6-trihalophenols were detected using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and dot blot, respectively. RESULTS Mouse macrophages exposed to TCP, TBP, or TIP had lower expression of the pro-inflammatory marker Ly6C, with a greater difference from control observed for TIP-exposed cells. Consistently, macrophages exposed to such DBPs, especially TIP, were susceptible to infection with the bacterium E. coli and the intracellular parasite T. gondii, indicating a compromised ability of macrophages to defend against pathogens. Intriguingly, macrophages exposed to TIP had significantly greater m 6 A levels, which correlated with the greater expression levels of m 6 A methyltransferases. Macrophages exposed to each of the three 2,4,6-trihalophenols exhibited transcriptome-wide redistribution of m 6 A . In particular, the m 6 A peaks in genes associated with immune-related pathways were altered after exposure. In addition, differences in m 6 A were also observed in human PBMCs after exposure to 2,4,6-trihalophenols. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that 2,4,6-trihalophenol exposure impaired the ability of macrophages to defend against pathogens. This response might be associated with notable differences in m 6 A after exposure. To the best of our knowledge, this study presents the first m 6 A landscape across the transcriptome of immune cells exposed to pollutants. However, significant challenges remain in elucidating the mechanisms by which m 6 A mediates immune dysregulation in infected macrophages after 2,4,6-trihalophenol exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11329.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qin
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linyuan Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meishuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianye Shao
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenlu Shao
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengsi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Min Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingfan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Rojas-Espinosa O, Arce-Mendoza AY, Islas-Trujillo S, Muñiz-Buenrostro A, Arce-Paredes P, Popoca-Galván O, Moreno-Altamirano B, Rivero Silva M. Necrosis, netosis, and apoptosis in pulmonary tuberculosis and type-2 diabetes mellitus. Clues from the patient's serum. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2023; 143:102426. [PMID: 38180029 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2023.102426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two inflammatory diseases whose pathology involves neutrophils (NEU) as key participants. Countless inflammatory elements produced at the lesion sites leak into the blood and are distributed systemically. The study aimed to investigate the effect of the serum of patients with PTB, T2DM, and PTB + T2DM on the cellular and nuclear morphology of healthy NEU. Monolayers of NEU were prepared and incubated with sera from PTB (n꓿ 10), T2DM (n꓿10), PTB + T2DM (n꓿ 10) patients, or sera from healthy people (n = 10). Monolayers were stained for histones, elastase, and myeloperoxidase for NETosis, annexin V for apoptosis, and Iris fuchsia for necrosis. Hoechst stain (DNA) was used to identify the nuclear alterations. Necrosis was the predominant alteration. Sera from PTB + T2DM were the most potent change inducers. Normal sera did not induce cell alterations. The blood of TBP and T2DM patients carries a myriad of abnormal elements that induce necrosis of NEU in normal people, thus reflecting what might occur in the neutrophils of the patients themselves. These findings reinforce the participation of NEU in the pathology of these diseases. Necrosis is expected to be the most frequent neutrophil-induced alteration in tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Rojas-Espinosa
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Alma Yolanda Arce-Mendoza
- Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, 64460, Monterrey, Mexico.
| | - Sergio Islas-Trujillo
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Antonio Muñiz-Buenrostro
- Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, 64460, Monterrey, Mexico.
| | - Patricia Arce-Paredes
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Omar Popoca-Galván
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Bertha Moreno-Altamirano
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Miguel Rivero Silva
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Maina JN. A critical assessment of the cellular defences of the avian respiratory system: are birds in general and poultry in particular relatively more susceptible to pulmonary infections/afflictions? Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:2152-2187. [PMID: 37489059 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
In commercial poultry farming, respiratory diseases cause high morbidities and mortalities, begetting colossal economic losses. Without empirical evidence, early observations led to the supposition that birds in general, and poultry in particular, have weak innate and adaptive pulmonary defences and are therefore highly susceptible to injury by pathogens. Recent findings have, however, shown that birds possess notably efficient pulmonary defences that include: (i) a structurally complex three-tiered airway arrangement with aerodynamically intricate air-flow dynamics that provide efficient filtration of inhaled air; (ii) a specialised airway mucosal lining that comprises air-filtering (ciliated) cells and various resident phagocytic cells such as surface and tissue macrophages, dendritic cells and lymphocytes; (iii) an exceptionally efficient mucociliary escalator system that efficiently removes trapped foreign agents; (iv) phagocytotic atrial and infundibular epithelial cells; (v) phagocytically competent surface macrophages that destroy pathogens and injurious particulates; (vi) pulmonary intravascular macrophages that protect the lung from the vascular side; and (vii) proficiently phagocytic pulmonary extravasated erythrocytes. Additionally, the avian respiratory system rapidly translocates phagocytic cells onto the respiratory surface, ostensibly from the subepithelial space and the circulatory system: the mobilised cells complement the surface macrophages in destroying foreign agents. Further studies are needed to determine whether the posited weak defence of the avian respiratory system is a global avian feature or is exclusive to poultry. This review argues that any inadequacies of pulmonary defences in poultry may have derived from exacting genetic manipulation(s) for traits such as rapid weight gain from efficient conversion of food into meat and eggs and the harsh environmental conditions and severe husbandry operations in modern poultry farming. To reduce pulmonary diseases and their severity, greater effort must be directed at establishment of optimal poultry housing conditions and use of more humane husbandry practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Maina
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Campus, Kingsway Avenue, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa
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Fu J, Luo X, Lin M, Xiao Z, Huang L, Wang J, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Tao H. Marine-Fungi-Derived Gliotoxin Promotes Autophagy to Suppress Mycobacteria tuberculosis Infection in Macrophage. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:616. [PMID: 38132937 PMCID: PMC10745037 DOI: 10.3390/md21120616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection causes tuberculosis (TB) and has been a long-standing public-health threat. It is urgent that we discover novel antitubercular agents to manage the increased incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of MTB and tackle the adverse effects of the first- and second-line antitubercular drugs. We previously found that gliotoxin (1), 12, 13-dihydroxy-fumitremorgin C (2), and helvolic acid (3) from the cultures of a deep-sea-derived fungus, Aspergillus sp. SCSIO Ind09F01, showed direct anti-TB effects. As macrophages represent the first line of the host defense system against a mycobacteria infection, here we showed that the gliotoxin exerted potent anti-tuberculosis effects in human THP-1-derived macrophages and mouse-macrophage-leukemia cell line RAW 264.7, using CFU assay and laser confocal scanning microscope analysis. Mechanistically, gliotoxin apparently increased the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I and Atg5 expression, but did not influence macrophage polarization, IL-1β, TNF-a, IL-10 production upon MTB infection, or ROS generation. Further study revealed that 3-MA could suppress gliotoxin-promoted autophagy and restore gliotoxin-inhibited MTB infection, indicating that gliotoxin-inhibited MTB infection can be treated through autophagy in macrophages. Therefore, we propose that marine fungi-derived gliotoxin holds the promise for the development of novel drugs for TB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (J.F.)
| | - Xiaowei Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Miaoping Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Zimin Xiao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (J.F.)
| | - Lishan Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (J.F.)
| | - Jiaxi Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Yongyan Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (J.F.)
| | - Yonghong Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Huaming Tao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (J.F.)
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45
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Wang Z, Wu A, Cheng W, Li Y, Li D, Wang L, Zhang X, Xiao Y. Adoptive macrophage directed photodynamic therapy of multidrug-resistant bacterial infection. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7251. [PMID: 37945555 PMCID: PMC10636156 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria cause severe clinical infections and a high mortality rate of over 40% in patients with immunodeficiencies. Therefore, more effective, broad-spectrum, and accurate treatment for severe cases of infection is urgently needed. Here, we present an adoptive transfer of macrophages loaded with a near-infrared photosensitizer (Lyso700D) in lysosomes to boost innate immunity and capture and eliminate bacteria through a photodynamic effect. In this design, the macrophages can track and capture bacteria into the lysosomes through innate immunity, thereby delivering the photosensitizer to the bacteria within a single lysosome, maximizing the photodynamic effect and minimizing the side effects. Our results demonstrate that this therapeutic strategy eliminated MDR Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) efficiently and cured infected mice in both two models with 100% survival compared to 10% in the control groups. Promisingly, in a rat model of central nervous system bacterial infection, we performed the therapy using bone marrow-divided macrophages and implanted glass fiber to conduct light irradiation through the lumbar cistern. 100% of infected rats survived while none of the control group survived. Our work proposes an efaficient and safe strategy to cure MDR bacterial infections, which may benefit the future clinical treatment of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Anhua Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110055, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110055, China
| | - Yuhe Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110055, China
| | - Dingxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Lai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xinfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Yi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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46
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Kweon B, Kim DU, Oh JY, Bae GS, Park SJ. Guggulsterone protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and lethal endotoxemia via heme oxygenase-1. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:111073. [PMID: 37844468 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Guggulsterone (GS) is a phytosterol used to treat inflammatory diseases. Although many studies have examined the anti-inflammatory activities of GS, the detailed mechanisms of GS in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and endotoxemia have not yet been examined. Therefore, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of GS on LPS-induced inflammation. In murine peritoneal macrophages, the anti-inflammatory activity of GS was primarily mediated by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) induction. HO-1 induction by GS was mediated by GSH depletion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The ROS generated by GS caused the phosphorylation of GSK3β (ser9/21) and p38, leading to the translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which ultimately induced HO-1. In addition, GS pretreatment significantly inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), iNOS-derived NO, and COX-2 protein and mRNA expression, and production of COX-derived prostaglandin PGE2, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In a mouse model of endotoxemia, GS treatment prolonged survival and inhibited the expression of inflammatory mediators, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. GS treatment also inhibited LPS-induced liver injury. These results suggest that GS-induced HO-1 could exert anti-inflammatory effects via ROS-dependent GSK (ser21/9)-p38 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bitna Kweon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538 Jeonbuk, South Korea; Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538 Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Dong-Uk Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538 Jeonbuk, South Korea; Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538 Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Jin-Young Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538 Jeonbuk, South Korea; Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538 Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Gi-Sang Bae
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538 Jeonbuk, South Korea; Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538 Jeonbuk, South Korea.
| | - Sung-Joo Park
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538 Jeonbuk, South Korea; Department of Herbology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538 Jeonbuk, South Korea.
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47
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Mwebaza I, Shaw R, Li Q, Fletcher S, Achkar JM, Harding CV, Carpenter SM, Boom WH. Impact of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Glycolipids on the CD4+ T Cell-Macrophage Immunological Synapse. J Immunol 2023; 211:1385-1396. [PMID: 37695687 PMCID: PMC10579150 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell-wall glycolipids such as mannosylated lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) can inhibit murine CD4+ T cells by blocking TCR signaling. This results in suppression of IL-2 production, reduced T cell proliferation, and induction of CD4+ T cell anergy. This study extended these findings to the interaction between primary human CD4+ T cells and macrophages infected by mycobacteria. Exposure of human CD4+ T cells to ManLAM before activation resulted in loss of polyfunctionality, as measured by IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α expression, and reduced CD25 expression. This was not associated with upregulation of inhibitory receptors CTLA-4, PD-1, TIM-3, and Lag-3. By confocal microscopy and imaging flow cytometry, ManLAM exposure reduced conjugate formation between macrophages and CD4+ T cells. ManLAM colocalized to the immunological synapse (IS) and reduced translocation of lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK) to the IS. When CD4+ T cells and Mycobacterium bovis BCG-infected monocytes were cocultured, ManLAM colocalized to CD4+ T cells, which formed fewer conjugates with infected monocytes. These results demonstrate that mycobacterial cell-wall glycolipids such as ManLAM can traffic from infected macrophages to disrupt productive IS formation and inhibit CD4+ T cell activation, contributing to immune evasion by M. tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mwebaza
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Rachel Shaw
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Shane Fletcher
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - Clifford V. Harding
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Stephen M. Carpenter
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - W. Henry Boom
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
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Chen J, Tang F, Li H, Wu X, Yang Y, Liu Z, Huang X, Wang J, Zheng R, Wang L, Liu H, Xu J, Wang P, Liu F. Mycobacterium tuberculosis suppresses APLP2 expression to enhance its survival in macrophage. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:111058. [PMID: 37844466 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), the most successful pathogen responsible for approximately 1.6 million deaths in 2021, employs various strategies to evade host antibacterial defenses, including mechanisms to counteract nitric oxide (NO) and certain cytokines. While Amyloid β (A4) precursor-like protein 2 (Aplp2) has been implicated in various physiological and pathological processes, its role in tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis remains largely uncharted. This study unveils a significant reduction in Aplp2 levels in TB patients, M.tb-infected macrophages, and mice. Intriguingly, Aplp2 mutation or knockdown results in diminished macrophage-mediated killing of M.tb, accompanied by decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and reduced cytokine production, notably interleukin-1β (Il-1β). Notably, Aplp2 mutant mice exhibit heightened susceptibility to mycobacterial infection, evident through aggravated histopathological damage and increased lung bacterial loads, in contrast to Mycobacterium bovis BCG-infected wild-type (WT) mice. Mechanistically, the cleaved product of APLP2, AICD2, generated by γ-secretase, translocates to the nucleus, where it interacts with p65, culminating in enhanced the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) transcriptional activity. This interaction triggers the upregulation of Il-1β and iNOS expression. Collectively, our findings illuminate Aplp2's pivotal role in safeguarding against mycobacterial infections by promoting M.tb clearance through NO- or IL-1β-mediated bactericidal effects. Therefore, we unveil a novel immune evasion strategy employed by M.tb, which could potentially serve as a target for innovative TB interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxia Chen
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fen Tang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Haohao Li
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaochen Huang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ruijuan Zheng
- Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Haipeng Liu
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junfang Xu
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of TB, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to JiaoTong University Medical School, Shanghai 200233, China.
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49
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Jang Y, Park TS, Park BC, Lee YM, Heo TH, Jun HS. Aberrant glucose metabolism underlies impaired macrophage differentiation in glycogen storage disease type Ib. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23216. [PMID: 37779422 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300592rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycogen storage disease type Ib (GSD-Ib) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency in the glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) transporter (G6PT) that is responsible for transporting G6P into the endoplasmic reticulum. GSD-Ib is characterized by disturbances in glucose homeostasis, neutropenia, and neutrophil dysfunction. Although some studies have explored neutrophils abnormalities in GSD-Ib, investigations regarding monocytes/macrophages remain limited so far. In this study, we examined the impact of G6PT deficiency on monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation using bone marrow-derived monocytes from G6pt-/- mice as well as G6PT-deficient human THP-1 monocytes. Our findings revealed that G6PT-deficient monocytes exhibited immature differentiation into macrophages. Notably, the impaired differentiation observed in G6PT-deficient monocytes seemed to be associated with abnormal glucose metabolism, characterized by enhanced glucose consumption through glycolysis, even under quiescent conditions with oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, we observed a reduced secretion of inflammatory cytokines in G6PT-deficient THP-1 monocytes during the inflammatory response, despite their elevated glucose consumption. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the significance of G6PT in monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and underscores its importance in maintaining glucose homeostasis and supporting immune response in GSD-Ib. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of GSD-Ib and potentially pave the way for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyeon Jang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Sub Park
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, and Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Chul Park
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, and Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mok Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tae-Hwe Heo
- Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Jun
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
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50
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Phat NK, Tien NTN, Anh NK, Yen NTH, Lee YA, Trinh HKT, Le KM, Ahn S, Cho YS, Park S, Kim DH, Long NP, Shin JG. Alterations of lipid-related genes during anti-tuberculosis treatment: insights into host immune responses and potential transcriptional biomarkers. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1210372. [PMID: 38022579 PMCID: PMC10644770 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1210372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The optimal diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) are challenging due to underdiagnosis and inadequate treatment monitoring. Lipid-related genes are crucial components of the host immune response in TB. However, their dynamic expression and potential usefulness for monitoring response to anti-TB treatment are unclear. Methodology In the present study, we used a targeted, knowledge-based approach to investigate the expression of lipid-related genes during anti-TB treatment and their potential use as biomarkers of treatment response. Results and discussion The expression levels of 10 genes (ARPC5, ACSL4, PLD4, LIPA, CHMP2B, RAB5A, GABARAPL2, PLA2G4A, MBOAT2, and MBOAT1) were significantly altered during standard anti-TB treatment. We evaluated the potential usefulness of this 10-lipid-gene signature for TB diagnosis and treatment monitoring in various clinical scenarios across multiple populations. We also compared this signature with other transcriptomic signatures. The 10-lipid-gene signature could distinguish patients with TB from those with latent tuberculosis infection and non-TB controls (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve > 0.7 for most cases); it could also be useful for monitoring response to anti-TB treatment. Although the performance of the new signature was not better than that of previous signatures (i.e., RISK6, Sambarey10, Long10), our results suggest the usefulness of metabolism-centric biomarkers. Conclusions Lipid-related genes play significant roles in TB pathophysiology and host immune responses. Furthermore, transcriptomic signatures related to the immune response and lipid-related gene may be useful for TB diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Ky Phat
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Tran Nam Tien
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Ky Anh
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Thi Hai Yen
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ah Lee
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoang Kim Tu Trinh
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Kieu-Minh Le
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Sangzin Ahn
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Soon Cho
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongoh Park
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Data Science Center, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Phuoc Long
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gook Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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