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Mandal S, Sunagawa SW, Prathipati PK, Belshan M, Shibata A, Destache CJ. Targeted Immuno-Antiretroviral to Promote Dual Protection against HIV: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Nanomaterials 2022; 12:nano12111942. [PMID: 35683795 PMCID: PMC9183115 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The C-C motif chemokine receptor-5 (CCR5) expression on the T-cell surface is the prime barrier to HIV/AIDS eradication, as it promotes both active human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection and latency; however, antiretrovirals (ARVs) suppress plasma viral loads to non-detectable levels. Keeping this in mind, we strategically designed a targeted ARVs-loaded nanoformulation that targets CCR5 expressing T-cells (e.g., CD4+ cells). Conceptually, CCR5-blocking and targeted ARV delivery would be a dual protection strategy to prevent HIV infection. For targeting CCR5+ T-cells, the nanoformulation was surface conjugated with anti-CCR5 monoclonal antibodies (CCR5 mAb) and loaded with dolutegravir+tenofovir alafenamide (D+T) ARVs to block HIV replication. The result demonstrated that the targeted-ARV nanoparticle’s multimeric CCR5 binding property improved its antigen-binding affinity, prolonged receptor binding, and ARV intracellular retention. Further, nanoformulation demonstrated high binding affinity to CCR5 expressing CD4+ cells, monocytes, and other CCR5+ T-cells. Finally, the short-term pre-exposure prophylaxis study demonstrated that prolonged CCR5 blockage and ARV presence further induced a “protective immune phenotype” with a boosted T-helper (Th), temporary memory (TM), and effector (E) sub-population. The proof-of-concept study that the targeted-ARV nanoformulation dual-action mechanism could provide a multifactorial solution toward achieving HIV “functional cure”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhra Mandal
- School of Pharmacy & Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (S.W.S.); (P.K.P.); (C.J.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-402-472-5922
| | - Shawnalyn W. Sunagawa
- School of Pharmacy & Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (S.W.S.); (P.K.P.); (C.J.D.)
| | - Pavan Kumar Prathipati
- School of Pharmacy & Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (S.W.S.); (P.K.P.); (C.J.D.)
| | - Michael Belshan
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA;
| | - Annemarie Shibata
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA;
| | - Christopher J. Destache
- School of Pharmacy & Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (S.W.S.); (P.K.P.); (C.J.D.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
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Garcia-Melchor E, Cafaro G, MacDonald L, Crowe LAN, Sood S, McLean M, Fazzi UG, McInnes IB, Akbar M, Millar NL. Novel self-amplificatory loop between T cells and tenocytes as a driver of chronicity in tendon disease. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:1075-1085. [PMID: 33692018 PMCID: PMC8292554 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory mechanisms play a key role in chronic tendon disease. After observing T cell signatures in human tendinopathy, we explored the interaction between T cells and tendon stromal cells or tenocytes to define their functional contribution to tissue remodelling and inflammation amplification and hence disease perpetuation. METHODS T cells were quantified and characterised in healthy and tendinopathic tissues by flow cytometry (FACS), imaging mass cytometry (IMC) and single cell RNA-seq. Tenocyte activation induced by conditioned media from primary damaged tendon or interleukin-1β was evaluated by qPCR. The role of tenocytes in regulating T cell migration was interrogated in a standard transwell membrane system. T cell activation (cell surface markers by FACS and cytokine release by ELISA) and changes in gene expression in tenocytes (qPCR) were assessed in cocultures of T cells and explanted tenocytes. RESULTS Significant quantitative differences were observed in healthy compared with tendinopathic tissues. IMC showed T cells in close proximity to tenocytes, suggesting tenocyte-T cell interactions. On activation, tenocytes upregulated inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules implicated in T cell recruitment and activation. Conditioned media from activated tenocytes induced T cell migration and coculture of tenocytes with T cells resulted in reciprocal activation of T cells. In turn, these activated T cells upregulated production of inflammatory mediators in tenocytes, while increasing the pathogenic collagen 3/collagen 1 ratio. CONCLUSIONS Interaction between T cells and tenocytes induces the expression of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in tenocytes, alters collagen composition favouring collagen 3 and self-amplifies T cell activation via an auto-regulatory feedback loop. Selectively targeting this adaptive/stromal interface may provide novel translational strategies in the management of human tendon disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Garcia-Melchor
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Giacomo Cafaro
- Rheumatology Unit - Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lucy MacDonald
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lindsay A N Crowe
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Shatakshi Sood
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michael McLean
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Umberto G Fazzi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Iain B McInnes
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Moeed Akbar
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Neal L Millar
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, UK .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
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Chuang LP, Chen NH, Lin SW, Hu HC, Kao KC, Li LF, Yang CT, Huang CC, Pang JHS. Monocytic C-C chemokine receptor 5 expression increases in in vitro intermittent hypoxia condition and in severe obstructive sleep apnea patients. Sleep Breath 2019; 23:1177-1186. [PMID: 30778913 PMCID: PMC6867987 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-019-01797-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients have higher risk of cardiovascular disease. C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5), as an important receptor for monocyte recruitment and the initiation of atherosclerosis, was studied under intermittent hypoxia and in OSA patients. Methods The expression and function of CCR5 regulated by intermittent hypoxia in monocytic THP-1 cells were investigated in an in vitro intermittent hypoxia culture system. The expression levels of protein and mRNA were analyzed by western blot and RT/real-time PCR analysis. Cell adhesion assay and transwell filter migration assay were carried out to investigate the adhesion and chemotaxis of monocytes. In addition, the mRNA expression of CCR5 in monocytes isolated from peripheral blood of 72 adults was analyzed. Results Intermittent hypoxia upregulated the expression of CCR5 in THP-1 cells and enhanced the adhesion and chemotaxis of monocytes to vascular endothelial cells mediated by RANTES. The CCR5 expression induced by intermittent hypoxia was inhibited by inhibitor for p42/44 MAPK. Besides, the expression of CCR5 in monocytes increased along the AHI value especially in severe OSA patients that was statistically significant compared with mild and moderate OSA groups. Conclusions This study demonstrated the increased monocytic CCR5 gene expression in patients with severe OSA. Intermittent hypoxia, the characteristic of OSA, induced monocytic CCR5 gene expression and the enhanced RANTES-mediated chemotaxis and adhesion through p42/44 MAPK signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Pang Chuang
- Sleep Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ning-Hung Chen
- Sleep Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Lin
- Sleep Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chung Hu
- Sleep Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chin Kao
- Sleep Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Fu Li
- Sleep Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Sleep Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chi Huang
- Sleep Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hwei S Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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Frick C, Dettinger P, Renkawitz J, Jauch A, Berger CT, Recher M, Schroeder T, Mehling M. Nano-scale microfluidics to study 3D chemotaxis at the single cell level. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198330. [PMID: 29879160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Directed migration of cells relies on their ability to sense directional guidance cues and to interact with pericellular structures in order to transduce contractile cytoskeletal- into mechanical forces. These biomechanical processes depend highly on microenvironmental factors such as exposure to 2D surfaces or 3D matrices. In vivo, the majority of cells are exposed to 3D environments. Data on 3D cell migration are mostly derived from intravital microscopy or collagen-based in vitro assays. Both approaches offer only limited controllability of experimental conditions. Here, we developed an automated microfluidic system that allows positioning of cells in 3D microenvironments containing highly controlled diffusion-based chemokine gradients. Tracking migration in such gradients was feasible in real time at the single cell level. Moreover, the setup allowed on-chip immunocytochemistry and thus linking of functional with phenotypical properties in individual cells. Spatially defined retrieval of cells from the device allows down-stream off-chip analysis. Using dendritic cells as a model, our setup specifically allowed us for the first time to quantitate key migration characteristics of cells exposed to identical gradients of the chemokine CCL19 yet placed on 2D vs in 3D environments. Migration properties between 2D and 3D migration were distinct. Morphological features of cells migrating in an in vitro 3D environment were similar to those of cells migrating in animal tissues, but different from cells migrating on a surface. Our system thus offers a highly controllable in vitro-mimic of a 3D environment that cells traffic in vivo.
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Abstract
Dynamical analysis of single-cells allows assessment of the extent and role of cell-to-cell variability, however traditional dish-and-pipette techniques have hindered single-cell analysis in quantitative biology. We developed an automated microfluidic cell culture system that generates stable diffusion-based chemokine gradients, where cells can be placed in predetermined positions, monitored via single-cell time-lapse microscopy, and subsequently be retrieved based on their migration speed and directionality for further off-chip gene expression analysis, constituting a powerful platform for multiparameter quantitative studies of single-cell chemotaxis. Using this system we studied CXCL12-directed migration of individual human primary T cells. Spatiotemporally deterministic retrieval of T cell subsets in relation to their migration speed, and subsequent analysis with microfluidic droplet digital-PCR showed that the expression level of CXCR4 – the receptor of CXCL12 – underlies enhanced human T cell chemotaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Mehling
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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Duquenne C, Psomas C, Gimenez S, Guigues A, Carles MJ, Barbuat C, Lavigne JP, Sotto A, Reynes J, Guglielmi P, Mettling C, François V, Corbeau P. The two human CXCR4 isoforms display different HIV receptor activities: consequences for the emergence of X4 strains. J Immunol 2014; 193:4188-94. [PMID: 25230750 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1303298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor that plays key roles with its specific ligand, CXCL12, in stem cell homing and immune trafficking. It is also used as a coreceptor by some HIV-1 strains (X4 strains), whereas other strains (R5 strains) use an alternative coreceptor, CCR5. X4 strains mainly emerge at late stages of the infection and are linked to disease progression. Two isoforms of this coreceptor have been described in humans: CXCR4-A and CXCR4-B, corresponding to an unspliced and a spliced mRNA, respectively. In this study, we show that CXCR4-B, but not CXCR4-A, mediates an efficient HIV-1 X4 entry and productive infection. Yet, the chemotactic activity of CXCL12 on both isoforms was similar. Furthermore, HIV-R5 infection favored CXCR4-B expression over that of CXCR4-A. In vitro infection with an R5 strain increased CXCR4-B/CXCR4-A mRNA ratio in PBMCs, and this ratio correlated with HIV RNA plasma level in R5-infected individuals. In addition, the presence of the CXCR4-B isoform favored R5 to X4 switch more efficiently than did CXCR4-A in vitro. Hence, the predominance of CXCR4-B over CXCR4-A expression in PBMCs was linked to the ability of circulating HIV-1 strains to use CXCR4, as determined by genotyping. These data suggest that R5 to X4 switch could be favored by R5 infection-induced overexpression of CXCR4-B. Finally, we achieved a specific small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of CXCR4-B. This represents a proof of concept for a possible gene-therapeutic approach aimed at blocking the HIV coreceptor activity of CXCR4 without knocking down its chemotactic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charline Duquenne
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, Unité Propre de Recherche 1142 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Christina Psomas
- Infectious Diseases Department, Montpellier University Hospital, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Unité Mixte Internationale 233, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement-Université Montpellier 1, 34294 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Sandrine Gimenez
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, Unité Propre de Recherche 1142 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Adeline Guigues
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, Unité Propre de Recherche 1142 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Marie-Josée Carles
- Microbiology Department, Nîmes University Hospital, 30029 Nîmes Cedex 9, France
| | - Claudine Barbuat
- Infectious Diseases Department, Nîmes University Hospital, 30029 Nîmes Cedex 9, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Lavigne
- Microbiology Department, Nîmes University Hospital, 30029 Nîmes Cedex 9, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université Montpellier 1, 34967 Montpellier Cedex 2, France; INSERM U1047, 30908 Nîmes Cedex 9, France
| | - Albert Sotto
- Infectious Diseases Department, Nîmes University Hospital, 30029 Nîmes Cedex 9, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université Montpellier 1, 34967 Montpellier Cedex 2, France; INSERM U1047, 30908 Nîmes Cedex 9, France
| | - Jacques Reynes
- Infectious Diseases Department, Montpellier University Hospital, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Unité Mixte Internationale 233, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement-Université Montpellier 1, 34294 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université Montpellier 1, 34967 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Paul Guglielmi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5235, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier, France; and
| | - Clément Mettling
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, Unité Propre de Recherche 1142 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Vincent François
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, Unité Propre de Recherche 1142 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Pierre Corbeau
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, Unité Propre de Recherche 1142 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université Montpellier 1, 34967 Montpellier Cedex 2, France; Immunology Department, Nîmes University Hospital, 30029 Nîmes Cedex 9, France
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Bertin J, Jalaguier P, Barat C, Roy MA, Tremblay MJ. Exposure of human astrocytes to leukotriene C4 promotes a CX3CL1/fractalkine-mediated transmigration of HIV-1-infected CD4⁺ T cells across an in vitro blood-brain barrier model. Virology 2014; 454-455:128-38. [PMID: 24725939 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids, including cysteinylleukotrienes (cysLTs), are found in the central nervous system (CNS) of individuals infected with HIV-1. Few studies have addressed the contribution of cysLTs in HIV-1-associated CNS disorders. We demonstrate that conditioned medium from human astrocytes treated with leukotriene C4 (LTC4) increases the transmigration of HIV-1-infected CD4(+) T cells across an in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) model using cultured brain endothelial cells. Additional studies indicate that the higher cell migration is linked with secretion by astrocytes of CX3CL1/fractalkine, a chemokine that has chemoattractant activity for CD4(+) T cells. Moreover, we report that the enhanced cell migration across BBB leads to a more important CD4(+) T cell-mediated HIV-1 transfer toward macrophages. Altogether data presented in the present study reveal the important role that LTC4, a metabolite of arachidonic acid, may play in the HIV-1-induced neuroinvasion, neuropathogenesis and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Bertin
- Axe des Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - pavillon CHUL, Canada
| | - Pascal Jalaguier
- Axe des Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - pavillon CHUL, Canada
| | - Corinne Barat
- Axe des Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - pavillon CHUL, Canada
| | - Marc-André Roy
- Axe des Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - pavillon CHUL, Canada
| | - Michel J Tremblay
- Axe des Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - pavillon CHUL, Canada; Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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Portales P, Psomas KC, Tuaillon E, Mura T, Vendrell JP, Eliaou JF, Reynes J, Corbeau P. The intensity of immune activation is linked to the level of CCR5 expression in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected persons. Immunology 2012; 137:89-97. [PMID: 22862553 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03609.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune activation is a main driver of AIDS- and non-AIDS-linked morbidities in the course of HIV-1 infection. As CCR5, the main HIV-1 co-receptor, is not only a chemokine receptor but also a co-activation molecule expressed at the surface of T cells, it could be directly involved in this immune activation. To test this hypothesis, we measured by flow cytometry the mean number of CCR5 molecules at the surface of non-activated CD4(+) T cells (CCR5 density), which determines the intensity of CCR5 signalling, and the percentage of CD8(+) T cells over-expressing CD38 (CD38 expression), a major marker of immune activation, in the blood of 67 HIV-1-infected, non-treated individuals. CCR5 density was correlated with CD38 expression independently of viral load (P=0.016). CCR5 density remained unchanged after highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) introduction or cessation, whereas CD38 expression decreased and increased, respectively. Moreover, pre-therapeutic CCR5 density was highly predictive (r=0.736, P<10(-4) ) of residual CD38 over-expression after 9 months of HAART. Hence, CCR5 might play an immunological role in HIV-1 infection as a driver of immune activation. This could explain why CCR5 antagonists may have an inhibitory effect on immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Portales
- Département d'Immunologie, CHU de Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
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Picton ACP, Shalekoff S, Paximadis M, Tiemessen CT. Marked differences in CCR5 expression and activation levels in two South African populations. Immunology 2012; 136:397-407. [PMID: 22509959 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03592.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CCR5 is pivotal in determining an individual's susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and rate of disease progression. To establish whether population-based differences exist in cell surface expression of CCR5 we evaluated the extent of CCR5 expression across all peripheral blood cell types in individuals from two populations, South African Africans (SAA) and South African Caucasians (SAC). Significant differences in CCR5 expression, both in number of CCR5 molecules per cell (density) and the percentage of CCR5-expressing cells, were observed between the two study groups, within all cell subsets. Most notably, the percentage of all CCR5(+) cell subsets was significantly lower in SAC compared with SAA individuals (P < 0·01) among natural killer (NK) -cell subsets (CD56(+) , CD16(+) CD56(+) and CD56(dim) ) whereas CCR5 density was significantly higher in SAC compared with SAA individuals in CCR5(+) CD8(+) T-cell subsets and CCR5(+) NK-cell subsets (CD56(+) , CD16(+) CD56(+) and CD56(dim) ) (all P < 0·05). These relationships were maintained after exclusion of CCR5Δ32 heterozygous individuals (n = 7) from the SAC dataset. The SAA individuals exhibited significantly higher cell activation levels, as measured by HLA-DR expression, than SAC individuals in CD4(+) T-cell subsets (P = 0·002) and CD56(+) NK-cell subsets (P < 0·001). This study serves to demonstrate that ethnically divergent populations show marked differences in both cell activation and CCR5 expression, which are likely to impact on both susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and the rate of HIV-1 disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabela C P Picton
- Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Picton ACP, Paximadis M, Tiemessen CT. CCR5 promoter haplotypes differentially influence CCR5 expression on natural killer and T cell subsets in ethnically divergent HIV-1 uninfected South African populations. Immunogenetics 2012; 64:795-806. [DOI: 10.1007/s00251-012-0642-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang B, Liu B, Chen L, Zhang J, He H, Zhang H. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of influenza virus receptors in trachea and lung tissues of humans, mice, chickens and ducks. Sci China Life Sci 2012; 55:612-7. [PMID: 22864835 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-012-4341-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
To accurately determine the expression and distribution patterns of two influenza virus receptors (SAα2,3-gal and SAα2,6-gal) in trachea and lung tissues of humans, mice, chickens and ducks, we analyzed lectin immunofluorescence stainings of various tissue sections qualitatively and quantitatively. Results from the qualitative analysis showed that both influenza virus receptors were expressed in lung tissues of humans, mice, chickens and ducks as well as trachea tissues of mice and ducks. However, SAα2,6-gal receptor was expressed only in the human trachea tissue and SAα2,3-gal receptor was expressed only in the chicken trachea tissue. Results from the quantitative analysis demonstrated that both receptors were expressed in trachea tissues of human and mouse, as well as in lung tissues of humans, chickens and ducks. Meanwhile, our results also showed that the expression and distribution of influenza virus receptors in the same tissue were not always uniform, indicating that their distribution and expression in various tissues are not simply the distinction between the presence or absence of receptors, but rather the difference in the amount of expressed receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolin Wang
- Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563003, China
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Ruffini PA, Grødeland G, Fredriksen AB, Bogen B. Human chemokine MIP1α increases efficiency of targeted DNA fusion vaccines. Vaccine 2010; 29:191-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2010] [Revised: 10/03/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Martin-Blondel G, Cuzin L, Delobel P, Cuvinciuc V, Dumas H, Alvarez M, Massip P, Marchou B. Is maraviroc beneficial in paradoxical progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome management? AIDS 2009; 23:2545-6. [PMID: 19907215 DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833365f4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Perney P, Turriere C, Portalès P, Rigole H, Psomas C, Blanc F, Clot J, Corbeau P. CXCR3 expression on peripheral CD4+ T cells as a predictive marker of response to treatment in chronic hepatitis C. Clin Immunol 2009; 132:55-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2009.03.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2009] [Accepted: 03/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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15
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Perez-Patrigeon S, Vingert B, Lambotte O, Viard JP, Delfraissy JF, Thèze J, Chakrabarti LA. HIV infection impairs CCR7-dependent T-cell chemotaxis independent of CCR7 expression. AIDS 2009; 23:1197-207. [PMID: 19455014 DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32832c4b0a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES CCR7, a chemokine receptor expressed at high levels on naive and central memory T cells, is essential for T-cell recirculation into secondary lymphoid organs. We investigated CCR7 expression and chemotactic function in patient T cells, to gain further insights into mechanisms of T-cell dysfunction in HIV infection. DESIGN AND METHODS CCR7 expression and function were measured in T-cell subsets of viremic patients (n = 15), efficiently treated patients (n = 12), and healthy blood donors (n = 14). A whole blood assay was developed to measure chemotaxis in unperturbed T cells with physiological chemokine receptor expression levels. RESULTS The proportion of CCR7hi T-cell subsets (naive and central memory) was decreased in HIV-infected patients, but the expression of CCR7 within T-cell subsets did not differ from that in healthy controls. In spite of preserved CCR7 expression, CCR7-dependent chemotactic responses were significantly decreased within most T-cell subsets from viremic patients, including naive, central memory, and effector memory CD4 T cells and naive, central memory, and effector CD8 T cells. The chemotaxis defect was only partially corrected in efficiently treated patients. Importantly, chemotaxis to CXCR4, another chemokine receptor involved in T-cell recirculation, was preserved or even increased in T-cell subsets of HIV-infected patients. CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence for an impairment of CCR7 function in patient T cells, which may have major consequences on T-cell recirculation. The fact that CXCR4 function was preserved points to a CCR7-specific functional defect rather than a general block in chemotaxis.
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16
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Portalès P, Fabre S, Vincent T, Desmetz C, Réant B, Noël D, Clot J, Jorgensen C, Corbeau P. Peripheral blood T4 cell surface CCR5 density as a marker of activity in rheumatoid arthritis treated with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody. Immunology 2009; 128:e738-45. [PMID: 19740335 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2009.03076.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemokine (C-C motif) receptor CCR5 and its ligand CCL5 play key roles in the intra-articular recruitment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, using quantitative cytofluorometry, we followed T4 cell surface CCR5 density in 27 subjects with RA before and after treatment with the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab. We observed low T4 cell surface CCR5 densities before treatment, which correlated positively with disease activity, as determined using a disease activity score evaluated on 28 joints (DAS 28), and negatively with CCL5 mRNA concentrations in PBMC, contrasting with a high proportion of intracellular CCR5 molecules, a pattern compatible with ligand-induced CCR5 internalization. At 3 months post-treatment, CCL5 mRNA expression in PBMC declined, whereas T4 cell surface CCR5 densities increased proportionally to the decrease in DAS 28. Thus, peripheral blood T4 cell surface CCR5 density is a good surrogate marker of RA activity and of the efficiency of anti-CD20 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Portalès
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie de l'Hôpital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
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17
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Dahl ME, Berson A, Lora J, Fuentes M. A Novel CCR5-Specific Pharmacodynamic Assay in Whole Blood Using Phosphoflow Cytometry Highlights Different Ligand-Dependent Responses but Similar Properties of Antagonists in CD8+ and CD4+ T Lymphocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2008; 327:926-33. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.108.142695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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18
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Jhang WK, Kang MJ, Jin HS, Yu J, Kim BJ, Kim BS, Lee JK, Seo EJ, Yoo HW, Park IS, Hong YM, Hong SJ. The CCR5 (-2135C/T) polymorphism may be associated with the development of Kawasaki disease in Korean children. J Clin Immunol 2009; 29:22-8. [PMID: 18629619 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-008-9218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2008] [Accepted: 06/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis syndrome of unknown etiology that frequently affects small to medium size arteries. C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is a chemokine receptor that binds C-C chemokines. This study investigated the association of the CCR5 (-2135C/T) polymorphism with KD in Korean children. METHODS The study population consisted 189 Korean children with KD and 194 Korean children with congenital heart disease (CHD). CCR5 (-2135C/T) polymorphism genotypes were determined using the single-base extension method. RESULTS The allele frequencies of the CCR5 (-2135C/T) polymorphism differed significantly between CHD children and KD children (-2135T/T, 16.75% vs. 30.05%, aOR 2.14, 95% CI 1.31-3.51). The tested laboratory parameters differed significantly between the KD and CHD groups. The development of coronary artery aneurysm in KD patients was not associated with the CCR5 polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the T allele at the CCR5 (-2135C/T) polymorphism might be associated with the development of KD in Korean children but does not appear to be associated with the development of coronary artery aneurysm.
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19
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20
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Lin YL, Mettling C, Portalès P, Rouzier R, Clot J, Reynes J, Corbeau P. The chemokine CCL5 regulates the in vivo cell surface expression of its receptor, CCR5. AIDS 2008; 22:430-2. [PMID: 18195571 DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3282f46a6f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The efficiency of CCR5 as an HIV coreceptor is strongly dependent on its level of cell surface expression. Therefore, it is of major importance to identify the factors that regulate cell surface density of CCR5. Among the chemokines that bind to CCR5, and induce its internalization, CCL5 is the most abundant in vivo. We show that the level of CCL5 production is a main factor determining CD4+ T cell surface CCR5 density.
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21
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Giacaman RA, Nobbs AH, Ross KF, Herzberg MC. Porphyromonas gingivalis selectively up-regulates the HIV-1 coreceptor CCR5 in oral keratinocytes. J Immunol 2007; 179:2542-50. [PMID: 17675516 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.4.2542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Primary infection of oral epithelial cells by HIV-1, if it occurs, could promote systemic infection. Most primary systemic infections are associated with R5-type HIV-1 targeting the R5-specific coreceptor CCR5, which is not usually expressed on oral keratinocytes. Because coinfection with other microbes has been suggested to modulate cellular infection by HIV-1, we hypothesized that oral keratinocytes may up-regulate CCR5 in response to the oral endogenous pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis by cysteine-protease (gingipains) activation of the protease-activated receptors (PARs) or LPS signaling through the TLRs. The OKF6/TERT-2-immortalized normal human oral keratinocyte line expressed CXCR4, whereas CCR5 was not detectable. When exposed to P. gingivalis ATCC 33277, TERT-2 cells induced greater time-dependent expression of CCR5-specific mRNA and surface coreceptors than CXCR4. By comparing arg- (Rgp) and lys-gingipain (Kgp) mutants, a mutant deficient in both proteases, and the action of trypsin, P. gingivalis Rgp was strongly suggested to cleave PAR-1 and PAR-2 to up-regulate CCR5. CCR5 was also slightly up-regulated by an isogenic gingipain-deficient mutant, suggesting the presence of a nongingipain-mediated mechanism. Purified P. gingivalis LPS also up-regulated CCR5. Blocking TLR2 and TLR4 receptors with Abs attenuated induction of CCR5, suggesting LPS signaling through TLRs. P. gingivalis, therefore, selectively up-regulated CCR5 by two independent signaling pathways, Rgp acting on PAR-1 and PAR-2, and LPS on TLR2 and TLR4. By inducing CCR5 expression, P. gingivalis coinfection could promote selective R5-type HIV-1 infection of oral keratinocytes.
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MESH Headings
- Adhesins, Bacterial/immunology
- Adhesins, Bacterial/metabolism
- Antibodies/immunology
- Antibodies/pharmacology
- Bacteroidaceae Infections/genetics
- Bacteroidaceae Infections/immunology
- Bacteroidaceae Infections/pathology
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/deficiency
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/immunology
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/metabolism
- Gingipain Cysteine Endopeptidases
- HIV Infections/genetics
- HIV Infections/immunology
- HIV Infections/metabolism
- HIV Infections/pathology
- HIV-1/immunology
- HIV-1/metabolism
- Humans
- Keratinocytes/immunology
- Keratinocytes/metabolism
- Keratinocytes/pathology
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Mouth/immunology
- Mouth/metabolism
- Mouth/pathology
- Mutation/immunology
- Porphyromonas gingivalis/genetics
- Porphyromonas gingivalis/immunology
- Porphyromonas gingivalis/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, PAR-1/immunology
- Receptor, PAR-1/metabolism
- Receptor, PAR-2/immunology
- Receptor, PAR-2/metabolism
- Receptors, CCR5/biosynthesis
- Receptors, CCR5/immunology
- Receptors, CXCR4/biosynthesis
- Receptors, CXCR4/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR4/immunology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Toll-Like Receptor 2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Toll-Like Receptor 2/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 2/immunology
- Toll-Like Receptor 2/metabolism
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/immunology
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A Giacaman
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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22
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Baker AM, Saulière A, Gaibelet G, Lagane B, Mazères S, Fourage M, Bachelerie F, Salomé L, Lopez A, Dumas F. CD4 interacts constitutively with multiple CCR5 at the plasma membrane of living cells. A fluorescence recovery after photobleaching at variable radii approach. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:35163-8. [PMID: 17855336 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m705617200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The entry of human immunodeficiency virus into target cells requires successive interactions of the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 with CD4 and the chemokine receptors CCR5 or CXCR4. We previously demonstrated, by Förster resonance energy transfer experiments, the constitutive association of CD4 and CCR5 at the surface of living cells. We therefore speculated that this interaction may correlate with compartmentalization of CD4 and CCR5 within the plasma membrane. Here, we characterize the lateral distribution, the dynamics, and the stoichiometry of these receptors in living cells stably expressing CD4 and/or CCR5 by means of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching at variable radii experiments. We found that (i) these receptors expressed alone are confined into 1-microm-sized domains, (ii) CD4-CCR5 associations occur outside and inside smaller domains, and (iii) these interactions involve multiple CCR5 molecules per CD4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie-Marie Baker
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, UMR CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier 5089, 205 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex, France
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23
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Desmetz C, Lin YL, Mettling C, Portalès P, Noël D, Clot J, Jorgensen C, Corbeau P. Cell surface CCR5 density determines the intensity of T cell migration towards rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes. Clin Immunol 2007; 123:148-54. [PMID: 17363330 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2007.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2006] [Revised: 12/21/2006] [Accepted: 01/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
As we have recently shown that the number of CCR5 molecules at the cell surface determines the efficiency of its function as a chemokine receptor, we tested the hypothesis that cell surface CCR5 density could influence the intensity of T lymphocyte recruitment into the rheumatoid joint. For this purpose, we established two Jurkat cell line-derived clones that differed only by their cell surface CCR5 densities. We studied their chemotaxis towards TNF-alpha-transduced rheumatoid synoviocytes supernatant. The Jurkat cell subline that expressed the higher cell surface CCR5 density migrated more intensively towards the supernatant of TNF-alpha-transduced synoviocytes than the Jurkat cell subline that expressed a lower surface CCR5 density. Moreover, this migration was blocked by an anti-CCR5 mAb. The CCR5 density on T cell surface, which is constant over time for a given individual, but varies drastically from one individual to another, might thus be a factor determining the intensity of joint inflammation in the course of RA.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Movement/physiology
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CCL5
- Chemokine CXCL12
- Chemokines, CC/genetics
- Chemokines, CC/immunology
- Chemokines, CC/metabolism
- Chemokines, CXC/pharmacology
- Chemotaxis/drug effects
- Chemotaxis/immunology
- Culture Media, Conditioned/pharmacology
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Jurkat Cells
- Receptors, CCR5/genetics
- Receptors, CCR5/immunology
- Receptors, CCR5/metabolism
- Receptors, CXCR4/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR4/immunology
- Receptors, CXCR4/metabolism
- Synovial Membrane/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- Transfection
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Desmetz
- Institut de Génétique Humaine du CNRS UPR1142, Montpellier, F-34000, France
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