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Dost A, Sezgin D, Esin MN. The association between the work environment and the fear of Covid-19 experienced by nurses. Work 2024:WOR230121. [PMID: 38427519 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The conditions in the workplace have a critical influence on the mental health of nurses and their attitudes toward their job, which may impact patient care. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between perceptions of the work environment and fear of COVID-19 experienced by nurses. METHODS The data were collected using a demographic data form, the Work Environment Scale (WES), and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. The study was completed with 183 nurses who provide care to COVID-19 patients. RESULTS The mean scores for the WES and Fear of COVID-19 Scale were 63.59±12.35 and 21.98±8.36, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the points acquired from the "employee fears" section of the WES and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale mean ranks (r = 0.22). There was a weak negative correlation between the Fear of COVID-19 score and the WES "job satisfaction" score (r = -0.214). There was a weak negative correlation between the scores of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale and perceived support at work (r = -0.33) and between the WES scores and weekly working hours (r = -0.27). However, there was a weak to moderate positive correlation between the WES scores and number of days off per week (r = 0.45). CONCLUSIONS Nurses experience a high fear of COVID-19, and a decrease in their attitudes of the work environment was associated with an increased fear of COVID-19. The fear of COVID-19 may be reduced by various interventions to provide support at work and increase nurses' job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Dost
- Department of Nursing, Health Sciences Faculty, Bezmialem Vakif University, Eyüp, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duygu Sezgin
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Melek Nihal Esin
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Temeng E, Hewitt R, Pattinson R, Sydor A, Whybrow D, Watts T, Bundy C. Nurses' coping strategies caring for patients during severe viral pandemics: A mixed-methods systematic review. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:242-254. [PMID: 37032642 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses play an essential role in responding to severe viral disease which bring considerable challenges to their personal and professional well-being. This subsequently can affect the delivery of care and healthcare systems' organisational capacity to respond. Understanding nurses' experiences of these challenges will help inform healthcare policies. AIM To explore the experiences and coping strategies of nurses caring for patients during severe viral disease pandemics. DESIGN A mixed-methods systematic review informed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. METHODS A mixed-methods systematic review. Five electronic databases Medline, CINAHL, PsychInfo, ASSIA and Scopus were searched on 4th April 2021. Results were reported in accordance with PRISMA. The findings were analysed and reported in the context of the Self-Regulatory Common-Sense Model. RESULTS In total, 71 peer-review primary research articles describing nurses' experiences of caring for patients during SARS, MERS, Swine flu H1N1, Avian influenza or SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 published in English from 2003 to 2021 were included. We found links between nurses' perception of the health threats, their emotional reactions, and coping strategies. Perceived health threats were influenced by organisational factors including frequent changes in clinical guidelines and workplace protocols, onerous workloads and working hours, unavailability of PPE, and lack of knowledge and training in pandemic management. These impacted nurses' physical, psychological and social well-being. Nurses also reported helpful and unhelpful coping strategies to manage the health threats. CONCLUSIONS It is vital for stakeholders, policymakers, government and healthcare institutions to recognise and monitor the wider impact on healthcare workers from health emergencies. In addition, support to develop and implement effective systems and individual mechanisms to offset the anticipated impact pre and post pandemics/epidemics is needed. Our findings can inform those strategies for similar future health emergencies. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Nurses are often the first point of contact in providing direct care to patients, hence they are at high risk of being infected. The findings from this review can help managers and policymakers in developing programmes to enhance resilience in the nursing workforce. NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This was a literature review study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunice Temeng
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rachael Hewitt
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Anna Sydor
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Dean Whybrow
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Tessa Watts
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Chris Bundy
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Evgin D, Sezer Efe Y, Özdemir F. Nursing and Maternity in the Pandemic: A Qualitative Study from Turkey. Matern Child Health J 2023; 27:2121-2130. [PMID: 37294465 PMCID: PMC10252165 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to examine the experiences and perceived challenges of nurses who are also mothers having a child during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS A descriptive phenomenological design. The study was conducted with 18 nurse mothers working at COVID-19 clinics in Turkey. RESULTS Nurse mothers missed their children and are worried about infecting their children. Based on content analysis, the themes of the study were determined as follows: (1) Nursing Care Process, (2) Disruption of Family Processes, (3) Nurse Mother's Perspective: Being a Child in a Pandemic, and (4) Coping with Challenges-"Searching for a solution." CONCLUSIONS Necessary conditions should be provided for nurses with children or family members in need of care and protocols should be made with relevant institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Evgin
- Department of Child Development, Kayseri University Health Science Faculty, 38280, Talas, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Yağmur Sezer Efe
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Erciyes University Health Science Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fatma Özdemir
- Department of Nursing, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University Mengücek Gazi Education and Research Hospital, Erzincan, Turkey
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Kedmi-Shahar E, Morag I, Hallevi H, Arad D. Caring for COVID-19 patients: Nurses' perceptions of the most critical issues and their impact on their well-being and performance. Int Nurs Rev 2023; 70:578-588. [PMID: 37804513 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS (1) Exploring nurses' perceptions of issues that impacted the quality of patient care and their own performance on COVID-19 wards; (2) examining nurses' perceptions of how these issues impacted their psychological state and level of performance; and (3) presenting recommendations for improving healthcare policies. BACKGROUND Nurses played a critical role in caring for hospitalized COVID-19 patients and managing the disease. METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted with 50 nurses (32 females), aged 31-58 years, 6-37 years' tenure, from eight hospitals across Israel. Prior to working in COVID-19 wards, they worked in internal medicine, emergency rooms, or intensive care units. Based on the COREQ checklist, these interviews were recorded and transcribed, and categorized into themes and subthemes. FINDINGS The findings indicate that the unpreparedness of healthcare systems for the pandemic outbreak rendered nurses paying a high price at the personal and professional levels, which in turn may have impacted the levels of care that they provided. CONCLUSION The rich, qualitative data source revealed important interactions between clinical, personal, social, and familial factors in determining distress levels and performance impairment. A nuanced understanding of the link between these stressors is key to developing and implementing policies that could mitigate deficiencies in the management of epidemics and pandemics in the future. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICIES Changes should be made to government directives and healthcare policies, with an emphasis on increasing the nursing workforce, providing emotional support, ensuring availability of equipment and beds, optimizing work practices, developing transparent means of communication within teams, and clearly defining the areas of responsibility of nurses-in times of routine and crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrat Kedmi-Shahar
- Ministry of Health, State of Israel, Patient Safety Devision, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ido Morag
- Shenkar College of Engineering and Design, School of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hen Hallevi
- Stroke Neurology Department, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dana Arad
- Ministry of Health, State of Israel, Patient Safety Devision, Jerusalem, Israel
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Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic had a global impact on health systems and health professionals. Nurses, particularly those working in intensive care units (ICUs), held a central critical role in the care of COVID-19 patients, facing numerous challenges in the delivery of care, leading to significant psychological and mental health issues. This article reports on findings from a qualitative narrative review of the literature related to psychological ill-being and mental health of ICU nurses' during the pandemic. Four key themes emerged: (1) isolation (2) workload (3) clinical preparedness and lack of protocols and (4) fear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Alsalim
- MSc Nursing Student, School of Health Sciences, University of Liverpool, at the time of writing this article
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Zohourparvaz MS, Vagharseyyedin SA. Work alienation and its relationship with job crafting and job embeddedness among a group of Iranian nurses during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. J Res Nurs 2023; 28:434-444. [PMID: 38144955 PMCID: PMC10315506 DOI: 10.1177/17449871231175739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The difficult work conditions of nurses during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic can cause them work alienation. Work alienation is in turn associated with negative consequences such as turnover intention. Therefore, identifying the contributing factors of work alienation is essential. Aim This study aimed to assess the relationship of work alienation with job crafting and job embeddedness among a group of Iranian nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A total of 332 eligible nurses participated in this descriptive correlational study. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the work alienation measure, the job crafting scale and the global measure of job embeddedness. Results The mean scores of work alienation, job embeddedness and job crafting were 22.67 ± 6.46 (possible range: 7-49), 21.05 ± 3.65 (possible range: 7-35) and 77.54 ± 11.93 (possible range: 21-105), respectively. Work alienation had a significant inverse correlation with job embeddedness and job crafting. Job crafting and job embeddedness significantly predicted 44% of the variance of work alienation. Conclusions Around half of the variance of work alienation is explained by job crafting and job embeddedness. Nursing managers can use strategies to improve nurses' job embeddedness and job crafting in order to reduce the probability of their work alienation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona sadat Zohourparvaz
- MSc Student in Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery College, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Frontline nurses who care for patients with COVID-19 work in stressful environments, and many inevitably struggle with unanticipated ethical issues. Little is known about the unique, ethically sensitive issues that nurses faced when caring for patients with COVID-19. AIM To better understand how frontline nurses who care for patients with COVID-19 experience ethical issues towards others and themselves. METHODS Systematic review of qualitative evidence carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses on ethical literature (PRISMA-Ethics). The electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Cinahl, Web of Science, Philosopher's Index, and Scopus were queried to identify candidate articles. Articles appearing from March 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022 were considered if they met the following inclusion criteria: (1) Published qualitative and mixed method studies and (2) ethical issues experienced by nurses caring for patients with COVID-19. We appraised the quality of included studies, and data analysis was guided by QUAGOL principles. FINDINGS Twenty-six studies meeting our inclusion criteria for how nurses experience ethical issues were characterised by two key themes: (1) the moral character of nurses as a willingness to respond to the vulnerability of human beings and (2) ethical issues nurses acted as barriers sometimes, impeding them from responding to requests of vulnerable human beings for dignified care. CONCLUSION Our review provides a deeper understanding of nurses' experiences of ethically sensitive issues, while also highlighting the critical need for adjustments to be made at organisational and societal levels. Ethical issues that emerged in situations where organisational and situational constraints impeded nurses' ethical responses to patients' appeals suggests that early practical support should be made available to resolve ethical issues recognised by nurses. Such support contributes to protecting and promoting not only the dignity of patients with COVID-19 but also of fellow humans in need during crisis.
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Hoseinzadeh E, Ebadi A, Ashktorab T, Sharif-Nia H. Nurses' intention to care for patients with infectious disease: a content analysis study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:349. [PMID: 37789361 PMCID: PMC10548695 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01538-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This present study was designed to explain the concept of nurses intention to care of patients with infectious diseases. METHODS This study is a deductive content analysis study that was performed from May 2022 to Jun 2022 in three hospitals in Iran. In total 21 nurses were chosen by purposive sampling and for deta collection used semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was done using Elo and Kingas method. RESULTS This study have revealed the formation of seven distinct themes, namely Job satisfaction, Professional ethics, Personal values, Standard precautions, Preserving health, Support, and Attitude of patients and their families. These themes are comprised of 17 categories and 59 subcategories. CONCLUSION By comprehending the dimensions of nurses' intentions to care for patients with infectious diseases, it is possible to develop suitable planning and strategies to meet the healthcare requirements of such patients. Managers can take action by examining the issues and demands of nurses, and by providing job security, they can establish a Healthcare service systems with high security that can effectively respond during an outbreak of infectious diseases. Additionally, Nursing managers can prevent nurses from leaving their jobs by taking appropriate intervention, increasing their motivation, and enhancing their satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Hoseinzadeh
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tahereh Ashktorab
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Sharif-Nia
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Nursing, Amol Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Aşkar SE, Ovayolu Ö. Caregiving experiences of nurses working in a newly established intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study. Int J Nurs Pract 2023; 29:e13158. [PMID: 37143404 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has adversely affected intensive care nurses; for instance, they have fought against an unknown disease, and their workload has increased. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has led intensive care nurses to work in new settings and with new teams. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore and describe the caregiving experiences of nurses who were working in a new COVID-19 intensive care unit in Turkey and providing care for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. METHOD In this descriptive qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were held from 22 July to 31 August 2020 and were recorded and analysed based on thematic analysis. The researchers followed the COREQ checklist in reporting the study. FINDINGS From interviews held with 11 nurses, four main themes (uncertainty and challenges in the 'danger zone', emotional and psychosocial changes, professional effects of the pandemic and being ready for a future pandemic) were derived from 11 sub-themes. CONCLUSIONS The new setting and the ever-changing team make caring for the COVID-19 patient even more difficult. A good organization, an experienced permanent team, a known setting and good working conditions are essential to be prepared for possible pandemics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selva Ezgi Aşkar
- Department of Education, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Hospital, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Özlem Ovayolu
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nursing, Medical Diseases Nursing Division, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Mahapatro M, Prasad MM. The experiences of nurses during the COVID-19 crisis in India and the role of the state: A qualitative analysis. Public Health Nurs 2023; 40:702-708. [PMID: 37132283 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study documents the lived experience of nurses coping with the double burden of external demands and internal stressors while providing care during the COVID-19 pandemic in India. METHODS This qualitative study interviewed 18 female nurses who worked in the COVID wards of a major hospital in India. The one-on-one telephonic interviews were conducted with respondents based on three broad open-ended questions. Thematic analysis was conducted. RESULTS Three themes were identified: (i) external demands such as availability, utilization, and management of resources; (ii) internal psychological stressors, such as emotional exhaustion, moral anguish, and social isolation; and (iii) promotive factors such as the roles of the state and society, and of patients and attendants CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that despite limited resources and facilities, nurses ploughed through the pandemic with their resilience and the state's and society's promotive factors. To improve health care delivery in this crisis, the role of the state and healthcare system has become important to prevent the workforce from crumbling. The sustained attention of the state and society is required to reinstate motivation among nurses by raising the collective value of their contribution and capability.
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Kalkan N, Sözeri Öztürk E, Arpaci T. Celebrating Nursing Week during the COVID-19 pandemic: The example of Twitter in Turkey for 2020-2021. Int Nurs Rev 2023; 70:307-314. [PMID: 37585812 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore how the nursing profession reflected on Twitter in Turkey about the Nursing Week celebration during the COVID-19 pandemic. BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic affected the whole world, made every aspect of life extremely difficult, and required excessive involvement by healthcare professionals-especially nurses. Nurses have played a key role in meeting the care needs of people during this time. METHODS A qualitative research design was used for this study. Turkish social media data were analysed via a data crawler on Twitter. Tweets regarding the COVID-19 pandemic during 12-18 May 2020 and 12-18 May 2021-dates celebrated as Nursing Week in Turkey-and tweets containing at least one of the following relevant hashtags: #nurse, #nursesday, #nursesweek, #nursingweek, #12May, or #12Maynursesday, were considered. RESULTS The hashtag #12May was used the most in both years, and the most tweets were posted with the hashtag #12May (n = 2996) in 2020. Three categories, 'Being a nurse in the pandemic', 'Nursing Week with celebrations', and 'Nursing Week with definitions', were identified through a thematic analysis. The categories included the importance of nursing, respectability, difficult working conditions, insufficiency in the number of nurses, difficulties in social life, etc. DISCUSSION: Turkish society posted tweets to celebrate Nursing Week. In addition to the celebration, there were many statements revealing the positive aspects of nurses and the nursing profession, as well as the difficulties nurses faced during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that in the celebrations of Nursing Week in Turkey, the important role of nursing in the health system, difficulties experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic, and definitions describing the roles of nursing were reflected on Twitter. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICIES This presents a source for perspective on the opinions reflected on social media about nurses and the nursing profession via Nursing Week celebrations during the pandemic. The findings can guide the development of policies on the rights and social privileges of the nursing profession that need to be improved in exceptional situations like a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevra Kalkan
- Faculty of Nursing, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Tuba Arpaci
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
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Özkan İ, Taylan S. Experiences of nurses providing care for patients with COVID-19 in acute care settings in the early stages of the pandemic: A thematic meta-synthesis study. Int J Nurs Pract 2023:e13143. [PMID: 36946341 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this work is to synthesize and interpret qualitative research examining the experiences of nurses providing care for patients with COVID-19 in acute care settings in the early stages of the pandemic in different countries. BACKGROUND The prevalence of disasters, including the pandemic, is increasing globally. It is important to understand nurses' experiences in depth to effectively manage extraordinary events that may occur in the future. DESIGN This is a thematic meta-synthesis study. METHODS Electronic databases, including CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, OVID, and Scopus, were searched for publications from December 2019 to October 2020. The search was updated for publications to 30 May 2022. The thematic synthesis method was used to analyse and interpret the data. FINDINGS The experiences of the nurses giving care to patients with COVID-19 were grouped under four themes: (1) Difficulties encountered in the care of patients with COVID-19; (2) mixed emotions experienced in the care of patients with COVID-19; (3) coping strategies that nurses used in the management of the pandemic; (4) the benefits of the COVID-19 to nurses. CONCLUSION Nurses faced many difficulties and experienced mixed emotions while providing care for patients with coronavirus disease. Perceived social support was seen as the most important strategy for coping with these difficult situations. It is important to be aware of the difficulties and emotions experienced by nurses and support them during the COVID-19 pandemic for the management of future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlknur Özkan
- Kumluca Faculty of Health Sciences, Internal Medicine Nursing Department, Akdeniz University, Kumluca-Antalya, Turkey
| | - Seçil Taylan
- Kumluca Faculty of Health, Sciences, Surgical Nursing Department, Akdeniz University, Kumluca-Antalya, Turkey
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Caro-Alonso PÁ, Rodríguez-Martín B, Rodríguez-Almagro J, Chimpén-López C, Romero-Blanco C, Casado Naranjo I, Hernández-Martínez A, López-Espuela F. Nurses' Perceptions of Ethical Conflicts When Caring for Patients with COVID-19. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4763. [PMID: 36981671 PMCID: PMC10048656 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused ethical challenges and dilemmas in care decisions colliding with nurses' ethical values. This study sought to understand the perceptions and ethical conflicts faced by nurses working on the frontline during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic and the main coping strategies. A qualitative phenomenological study was carried out following Giorgi's descriptive phenomenological approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews until data saturation. The theoretical sample included 14 nurses from inpatient and intensive care units during the first and second waves of the pandemic. An interview script was used to guide the interviews. Data were analyzed following Giorgi's phenomenological method using Atlas-Ti software. Two themes were identified: (1) ethical conflicts on a personal and professional level; and (2) coping strategies (active and autonomous learning, peer support and teamwork, catharsis, focusing on care, accepting the pandemic as just another work situation, forgetting the bad situations, valuing the positive reinforcement, and humanizing the situation). The strong professional commitment, teamwork, humanization of care, and continuous education have helped nurses to deal with ethical conflicts. It is necessary to address ethical conflicts and provide psychological and emotional support for nurses who have experienced personal and professional ethical conflicts during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ángel Caro-Alonso
- Health Service of Castilla-La Mancha, Integrated Care Management of Talavera de la Reina (Toledo), 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain
| | - Beatriz Rodríguez-Martín
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avd/Real Fábrica de Sedas s/n, 45660 Talavera de la Reina, Spain
| | - Julián Rodríguez-Almagro
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avd/ Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Cuidad Real, Spain
| | - Carlos Chimpén-López
- Department of Medical-Surgical Therapy, Psychiatry Area, Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Cristina Romero-Blanco
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avd/ Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Cuidad Real, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Hernández-Martínez
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avd/ Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Cuidad Real, Spain
| | - Fidel López-Espuela
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
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Podgorica N, Rungg C, Bertini B, Perkhofer S, Zenzmaier C. End of life care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study on the perspectives of nurses and nurse assistants. Nurs Open 2023; 10:3881-3891. [PMID: 36890617 PMCID: PMC10170946 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore nurses' and nurse assistants' experiences of providing end-of-life care during the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria, Germany and Northern Italy. DESIGN A qualitative explorative interview study. METHOD Data were collected between August and December 2020 and analysed using content analysis. Healthcare professionals (nurses (n = 30), nurse coordinators (n = 6) and nurse assistants (n = 5)) from hospitals (n = 32) and long-term care facilities (n = 9) in Austria, Germany and Northern Italy were interviewed for this study. RESULTS Five main categories were identified as follows: (i) end-of-life care involves love and duty, (ii) last wishes and dignity of the patient, (iii) communication with the family, (iv) organizational and religious aspects and (v) personal emotions. Results indicate that more training and guidelines are needed to prepare nurses and nurse assistants for end-of-life care during pandemics. PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This research can help prepare nurses and nurse assistants for end-of-life care in pandemics and will be of value for improving the institutional and government health policies. Furthermore, it can be of value in preparing training for healthcare professionals patient-relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nertila Podgorica
- Department of Nursing, Health University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christine Rungg
- Department of Nursing, Health University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Susanne Perkhofer
- Research and Innovation Unit, Health University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Zenzmaier
- Department of Nursing, Health University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
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15
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Lee W, Pyo J, Ock M, Jang SG, Choi EY. Nurses' adaptations to changes on a COVID-19 ward in South Korea: A qualitative study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13926. [PMID: 36845039 PMCID: PMC9941071 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Elucidating nurses' adaptation to changes in the early stage of an infectious disease epidemic is necessary to promote nurses' coping with and adapting to situations in which new infectious diseases are predicted periodically. Aim To explore nurses' adaptation to changes in COVID-19 wards in South Korea. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 nurses through purposive sampling from May to August 2020. The collected data were transcribed verbatim, and analysis was performed using conventional content analysis. Findings Three categories emerged from the interviews: (a) Disruption caused by an unforeseen pandemic outbreak, (b) perseverance through the turmoil of changes as a nurse, and (c) transition from feelings of fearfulness to those of accomplishment. While the nurses initially struggled to care for patients with COVID-19, they made conscious efforts to provide emotional nursing and maintain their professionalism. Discussion Nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 have faced a number of challenges but have adapted to new scenarios by endeavoring to fulfil their professional roles. Conclusion To overcome a national disaster situation such as COVID-19, the government and healthcare organizations should prepare strategies to support the efforts of nurses to strengthen their own professionalism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Lee
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehee Pyo
- Task Forces to Support Public Health and Medical Services in Ulsan Metropolitan City, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsu Ock
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author. Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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16
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Luo Y, Feng X, Wang D, Qiao X, Xiao X, Jia S, Zheng M, Reinhardt JD. Experience of clinical nurses engaged in caring for patients with COVID-19: A qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis. J Clin Nurs 2023. [PMID: 36639947 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVE This qualitative review summarises and synthesises the available evidence on subjective experiences of clinical nurses who cared for patients with COVID-19. BACKGROUND Nurses are first responders and play a vital role in emerging infectious disease epidemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, they also face many difficulties and challenges related, for example to the imbalance between extensive demands and low control over work tasks. DESIGN AND METHOD A systematic review of qualitative studies and meta-synthesis focused on the experiences of clinical nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 during the pandemic was carried out. RESULTS A total of 279 findings were extracted, aggregated into 21 categories and combined into seven synthesised findings, namely (1) professional nursing practice during the pandemic, (2) support systems, (3) somatic sensations and psychological experiences, (4) difficulties and challenges, (5) coping strategies and behaviour, (6) impact on life, profession and values, and (7) needs and expectations for the future. CONCLUSION Nurses encountered considerable difficulties and challenges in caring for patients with COVID-19. Nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 need more support from organisations, families and society. It is essential to explore positive coping strategies suitable for working in different cultural backgrounds. Policymakers and decision-makers should pay attention to the experiences and voices of nurses. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE It is critical for nurse managers to consider how to enhance the support system and help nurses develop adaptive coping strategies in response to COVID-19. Nurses' experiences and voices are valuable in improving health emergency response systems. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION There was no patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunting Luo
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.,Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianqiong Feng
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Qiao
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xujia Xiao
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiqi Jia
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyue Zheng
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jan D Reinhardt
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland.,Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University/Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
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17
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McAndrew NS, Rosa WE, Moore KM, Christianson J, AbuZahra T, Mussatti M, McCracken C, Newman AR, Calkins K, Breakwell S, Klink K, Guttormson J. Sprinting in a Marathon: Nursing Staff and Nurse Leaders Make Meaning of Practicing in COVID-19 Devoted Units Pre-Vaccine. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231165688. [PMID: 37008557 PMCID: PMC10052614 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231165688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To describe the lived experience of nursing staff and nurse leaders working in COVID-19 devoted units (intensive care or medical unit) prior to vaccine availability. Research Design Qualitative phenomenological design with a focus group approach. Methods The study team recruited a convenience sample of nursing staff (nurses, and nursing assistants/nurse technicians) and nurse leaders (managers, assistant nurse managers, clinical nurse specialists, and nurse educators) at an academic medical center in the midwestern United States. Focus groups and individual interviews were conducted to encourage participants to describe their (1) experiences as nursing professionals, (2) coping strategies, and (3) perspectives about supportive resources. Moral distress was measured with the moral distress thermometer and qualitative data were analyzed with Giorgi-style phenomenology. Results We conducted 10 in-person focus groups and five one-on-one interviews ( n = 44). Seven themes emerged: (1) the reality of COVID-19: we are sprinting in a marathon; (2) acute/critical care nurse leaders experience unique burdens; (3) acute/critical care staff nurses experience unique burdens; (4) meaning of our lived experience; (5) what helped us during the pandemic; (6) what hurt us during the pandemic; and (7) we are not okay. Participants reported a moderate level of moral distress ( M = 5.26 SD = 2.31). They emphasized that peer support was preferred over other types of support offered by the healthcare organization. Participants expressed positive feedback about the focus group experience and commented that group processing validated their experiences and helped them “feel heard.” Conclusion These findings affirm the need for trauma-informed care and grief support for nurses, interventions that increase meaning in work, and efforts to enhance primary palliative communication skills. Study findings can inform efforts to tailor existing interventions and develop new, more comprehensive resources to meet the psychosocial needs of nursing staff and nurse leaders practicing during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie S. McAndrew
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Natalie S. McAndrew, College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - William E. Rosa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kaylen M. Moore
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Tala AbuZahra
- Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Colleen McCracken
- Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Amy R. Newman
- College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kelly Calkins
- College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Susan Breakwell
- College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Katie Klink
- Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jill Guttormson
- College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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18
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Alwesmi MB, Dator WL, Karavasileiadou S. Lived Experiences of Female Nurses with COVID-19 Deaths on Their Watch. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12120470. [PMID: 36546953 PMCID: PMC9774805 DOI: 10.3390/bs12120470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a tremendous effect on health systems, leading to a spike in stress, anxiety, and depression conditions among healthcare workers worldwide. Considering the mental health status of nurses, a pillar of the health system, is crucial for assuring the quality of the healthcare provided during and after pandemics. This study aimed to explore the experiences of female nurses who witnessed their patients dying of COVID-19. Seven female COVID-19 nurses were interviewed in person. Thematic analysis of the respondents' verbatim answers was implemented. Six main themes were identified. Theme 1 illustrates nurses' experience of emotional and psychological trauma as they witnessed their patients with COVID-19 die under their care. Theme 2 reveals aftershock reactions, including somatization, isolation, and emotional disengagement. Theme 3 highlights the hindrances and difficult situations related to the in-hospital care of COVID-19 patients. Theme 4 demonstrates victorious feelings and celebration of the patient's survival. Theme 5 emphasizes the nurse's ability to be calm and recognize the takeaways or lessons they have learned from this phase for their careers and lives. Theme 6 sheds light on nurses' emerging abilities and competencies. This study will hopefully provide a basis for a debriefing program that might be beneficial to the nurses and the health system. This might affect nurses' ability to work closely with patients, cope emotionally with challenges, and fulfil their professional tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai B. Alwesmi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Wireen Leila Dator
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Savvato Karavasileiadou
- Department of Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Abstract
AIM This study seeks to gain a comprehensive understanding of the experiences of frontline nurses who provided direct care for COVID-19 patients. BACKGROUND Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the demands on healthcare systems have been higher than before. Although previous studies have explored the experiences of frontline nurses, these experiences could vary depending on each country's social, cultural, and historical contexts. INTRODUCTION In the midst of the global pandemic, sharing the experiences of COVID-19 frontline nurses could have implications for both nursing and nursing policies that could be applied to future pandemics. METHODS This descriptive qualitative study comprised 14 South Korean nurses with a minimum of one month of experience working within a COVID-19 department. Individual interviews were conducted on a virtual platform, and a thematic analysis was employed. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies were used to ensure a detailed reporting of the study. RESULTS Four themes and 12 subthemes were developed. The themes included: (1) feeling forced into a world of uncertainty; (2) providing unique care for COVID-19 patients; (3) perceiving barriers to providing quality care; and (4) seeking meaning in caring for COVID-19 patients. DISCUSSION Nurses recognized their unique roles in caring for COVID-19 patients and sought new meanings within their profession. However, the poor work environment exacerbated the physical and emotional burden among the nurses and compromised the provision of quality care. CONCLUSION This study highlighted the nursing policy issues that need to be improved to ensure better quality care and a stronger healthcare system. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING POLICY Governmental action is essential to ensure that nurses can maintain the quality of care they have provided during COVID-19 and any future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yea Lee
- College of NursingYonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Sewon Lee
- College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR ProjectYonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Hannah Choi
- College of NursingYonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Eui Geum Oh
- College of Nursing and Mo‐Im Kim Research InstituteYonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
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20
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Sánchez-Romero S, Ruiz-Fernández MD, Fernández-Medina IM, del Mar Jiménez-Lasserrotte M, del Rocío Ramos-Márquez M, Ortega-Galán ÁM. Experiences of suffering among nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A descriptive qualitative study. Appl Nurs Res 2022; 66:151603. [PMID: 35840275 PMCID: PMC9225961 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2022.151603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Healthcare professionals have played a fundamental role in managing and controlling the COVID-19 health crisis. They are exposed to high levels of suffering, trauma, uncertainty, and powerlessness in the workplace. The objective of this study was to explore and understand experiences of suffering among primary care and hospital care nurses during the COVID-19 health crisis. DESIGN This is a descriptive qualitative study. Between March and April 2021, 19 in-depth interviews were carried out with nurses at health and social care facilities and hospitals in southern Spain. ATLAS.ti 9.0 software was used for discourse analysis. RESULTS Nurses reported that they had experienced suffering during their work in the pandemic. The main causes suggested were direct contact with patients' suffering and organisational difficulties. The repercussions are in emotional dimension and physical deterioration and social isolation. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Given the circumstances, programmes to promote healthy, compassion-based behaviours and changes to the way in which professionals' suffering is handled must be implemented by healthcare facility managers. Nursing leaders should consider the management of suffering as a matter of the first order, both from the ethical point of view and the business profitability and make compassionate leadership.
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21
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Evgin D, Şener Taplak A. Being a Nurse During a Worldwide Pandemic: A Qualitative Study Exploring Nurses' Perceived Challenges and Expectations During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2022; 17:e239. [PMID: 35912633 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2022.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determining the health-care experiences, problems, and difficulties of nurses during a pandemic is important to shape the measures of nursing care management. This study aimed to better understand clinical nurses' challenges and expectations surrounding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS A qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was conducted. The study sampling comprised of 48 clinical nurses who have worked in pandemic hospitals. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and evaluated based on the content analysis method. RESULTS In this study, 6 main themes were determined as intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional/organizational, community, policies and system challenges, and expectations. Based on the results, nurses' perceived challenges were psychological distress, dilemma, safety and security issues, workload increased, disruption in family and social relationships, stigmatization encountered, and not making their voices heard enough due to the lack of nurses in the scientific advisory board. Nurses' expectations were determined as improvement of their personal rights and institutional psychosocial support. DISCUSSION The results of this study can be used as a guide for action plans to support nurses, develop health-care protocols for safe patient care, and create family and pandemic support systems.
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22
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Ding S, Deng S, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Liu Z, Huang J, Yang X. Experiences and needs of front-line nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:805631. [PMID: 35937273 PMCID: PMC9354751 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.805631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Front-line nurses have played a critical role during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A number of qualitative studies reported front-line nurses' experiences and needs in caring for patients with COVID-19. However, the application of evidence from a single qualitative study to guide clinical practice has limitations. This study aimed to explore front-line nurses' experiences and needs during the COVID-19 pandemic through a qualitative meta-synthesis. Methods Seven databases were searched from 1 December 2019 to 20 January 2022, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane COVID-19 study register, CINAHL, PsycINFO, MedRxiv, and bioRxiv. The quality of included studies was appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) qualitative research appraisal tool. Meta-synthesis was used to synthesize the data from included studies. Results A total of 70 studies were included, and five synthesized findings were developed: (1) Although nurses actively devoted themselves to fighting against COVID-19, considering their professional responsibility and historical previous experience with mankind, they were not invulnerable; (2) There were various difficulties and challenges in caring for patients with COVID-19, including fear related to providing patients with care, shortage of protective equipment and manpower, and negative attitude of family members; (3) Facing difficulties and challenges, nurses could only partly cope by using mixed means to overcome those, including media, learning, gaining skills, responding together, and organizational assistance; (4) To better respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses' needs should be paid attention to. Counseling, training, information, resources, and investment are pivotal; (5) Despite the hardships, nurses became stronger and gained gratitude, positivity, mental peace, and confidence. Conclusions This study reveals that the psychological experiences of front-line nurses varied, and they faced a variety of challenges. Although nurses had some coping strategies, they still needed multifaceted support to meet the challenges. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, PROSPERO: CRD42021255468.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Ding
- Department of Nursing, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuhua Deng
- Department of Respiratory, Chengdu Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yilan Zhang
- Delivery Room, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingxia Wang
- Delivery Room, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaorong Yang
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23
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Han P, Duan X, Zhao S, Zhu X, Jiang J. Nurse's Psychological Experiences of Caring for Severe COVID-19 Patients in Intensive Care Units: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:841770. [PMID: 35387188 PMCID: PMC8978605 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.841770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has been listed as an international public health emergency. During the pandemic, the nurses were affected physically and mentally when in contact with and caring for patients infected with COVID-19, especially those in intensive care units (ICUs). Objective To summarize and evaluate the actual psychological experience of nurses caring for patients with severe pneumonia in the ICUs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Relevant publications were identified by systematic searches across 11 databases in December 2021. All qualitative and mixed-method studies in English and Chinese from 2019 that explored the experiences of nurses who cared for severe COVID-19 patients in ICUs were included. The qualitative meta-synthesis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Two independent reviewers selected the studies and assessed the quality of each study. Meta-synthesis was performed to integrate the results. Results A total of 12 studies revealed 9 sub-themes and 3 descriptive themes: physical reactions and psychological changes, the need for support from multiple sources, and increased adaptation and resilience. Conclusion Nurses who treated severe COVID-19 patients have experienced severe work trials and emotional reactions during the pandemic. They have also developed personally in this process. Managers should develop strategies that address the nurse's needs for external support, reasonably respond to public health emergencies, and improve nursing care outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Han
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Duan
- Nursing Department, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijia Zhao
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhu
- Nurisng Department, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinxia Jiang
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Chemali S, Mari-Sáez A, El Bcheraoui C, Weishaar H. Health care workers' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review. Hum Resour Health 2022; 20:27. [PMID: 35331261 PMCID: PMC8943506 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-022-00724-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 has challenged health systems worldwide, especially the health workforce, a pillar crucial for health systems resilience. Therefore, strengthening health system resilience can be informed by analyzing health care workers' (HCWs) experiences and needs during pandemics. This review synthesizes qualitative studies published during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic to identify factors affecting HCWs' experiences and their support needs during the pandemic. This review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. A systematic search on PubMed was applied using controlled vocabularies. Only original studies presenting primary qualitative data were included. RESULTS 161 papers that were published from the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic up until 28th March 2021 were included in the review. Findings were presented using the socio-ecological model as an analytical framework. At the individual level, the impact of the pandemic manifested on HCWs' well-being, daily routine, professional and personal identity. At the interpersonal level, HCWs' personal and professional relationships were identified as crucial. At the institutional level, decision-making processes, organizational aspects and availability of support emerged as important factors affecting HCWs' experiences. At community level, community morale, norms, and public knowledge were of importance. Finally, at policy level, governmental support and response measures shaped HCWs' experiences. The review identified a lack of studies which investigate other HCWs than doctors and nurses, HCWs in non-hospital settings, and HCWs in low- and lower middle income countries. DISCUSSION This review shows that the COVID-19 pandemic has challenged HCWs, with multiple contextual factors impacting their experiences and needs. To better understand HCWs' experiences, comparative investigations are needed which analyze differences across as well as within countries, including differences at institutional, community, interpersonal and individual levels. Similarly, interventions aimed at supporting HCWs prior to, during and after pandemics need to consider HCWs' circumstances. CONCLUSIONS Following a context-sensitive approach to empowering HCWs that accounts for the multitude of aspects which influence their experiences could contribute to building a sustainable health workforce and strengthening health systems for future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souaad Chemali
- Centre for International Health Protection, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Almudena Mari-Sáez
- Centre for International Health Protection, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Charbel El Bcheraoui
- Evidence-Based Public Health, Centre for International Health Protection, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heide Weishaar
- Evidence-Based Public Health, Centre for International Health Protection, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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25
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Aydogdu ALF. Ethical dilemmas experienced by nurses while caring for patients during the Covid-19 pandemic: An integrative review of qualitative studies. J Nurs Manag 2022; 30:2245-2258. [PMID: 35266597 PMCID: PMC9115168 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to identify ethical dilemmas faced by nurses while caring for patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Background Nurses express several concerns during disease outbreaks, some of which are related to ethical dilemmas. Evaluation It is an integrative review in which four databases were searched. Critical appraisal tools and PRISMA guidelines were used. Content analysis was performed to analyse the obtained data. Key issues A total of 14 studies were identified. The results are presented into four categories: concerns with beneficence–nonmaleficence; awareness of need for autonomy; challenges to justice; and coping with ethical dilemmas. Conclusion While caring for patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic, nurses often put their own health and that of their families at risk. The ethical dilemmas faced by nurses are mainly caused by the lack of Protective Personal Equipment (PPE), shortages of medical supplies and personnel and the uncertainties that permeate an environment threatened by a new and highly contagious disease such as COVID‐19. Implications for nursing management This review provides information that can inspire nurse managers working during the COVID‐19 pandemic to support and empower nurses to act in accordance with ethical principles, which is important in order for nurses to protect themselves while providing efficient and effective care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza Ferreira Aydogdu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Istanbul Health and Technology University, Istanbul, Turkey
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26
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Kim MN, Yoo YS, Cho OH, Hwang KH. Emotional Labor and Burnout of Public Health Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mediating Effects of Perceived Health Status and Perceived Organizational Support. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19010549. [PMID: 35010814 PMCID: PMC8744956 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the mediating effects of perceived health status (PHS) and perceived organizational support (POS) in the association between emotional labor and burnout in public health nurses (PHNs). The participants were 207 PHNs convenience sampled from 30 public health centers and offices in Jeju, Korea. Data regarding emotional labor, PHS, POS, and burnout were collected between February and March 2021 using a structured questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Burnout of PHNs was positively correlated with emotional labor (r = 0.64, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with PHS (r = −0.51, p < 0.001) and POS (r = −0.51, p < 0.001). In the association between emotional labor and burnout, PHS (B = −1.36, p < 0.001) and POS (B = −0.42, p = 0.001) had a partial mediating effect. Reduction of burnout among PHNs requires not only effective management of emotional labor but also personal and organizational efforts to improve PHS and POS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Na Kim
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Yang-Sook Yoo
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seoul 06591, Korea;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ok-Hee Cho
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health, Kongju National University, 56 Gongju-deahak-ro, Gongju-si 32588, Korea;
| | - Kyung-Hye Hwang
- Department of Nursing, Suwon Science College, 288 Seja-ro, Hwaseong-si 18516, Korea;
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Popoola T, Popoola V, Nelson K. Nurses’ Lived Experiences of Caring for Patients with COVID-19 in Nigeria. SAGE Open Nurs 2022; 8:23779608221117384. [PMID: 35966231 PMCID: PMC9364185 DOI: 10.1177/23779608221117384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses have been on the
frontline providing care for patients with COVID-19. Caring for patients
with COVID-19 can be a rewarding experience for nurses, but research also
suggests that nurses experience numerous challenges on the frontline. Objectives This study aims to explore the experiences of frontline nurses caring for
patients with COVID-19 in Nigeria Methods Ten nurse volunteers working in a COVID-19 isolation center were purposively
recruited. Data were collected with a semi-structured interview guide, and a
template analysis approach was used to analyze the transcribed
interviews. Results The participants volunteered at the isolation center for safety reasons,
professional gain, and concern for humanity. Working at the isolation center
was accompanied by changes in working hours, work dynamics, care context and
care tools. These changes resulted in personal, professional, and
work-related challenges for nurses. However, team spirit, positive patient
outcomes, gratitude and family support helped the nurses cope with the
challenges. Conclusions This research highlighted that working on the frontline of COVID-19 is
associated with multiple and complex challenges that can impact nurses’
personal and professional life. Thus, a tailored approach to support is
needed to address the challenges faced by frontline nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosin Popoola
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Victoria University of Wellington’s, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Katherine Nelson
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Victoria University of Wellington’s, Wellington, New Zealand
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Karakul A, Doğan P, Gümüş İ, Yilmaz H, Dorum BA. What Neonatal Intensive Care Nurses Have Experienced in COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2022; 36:77-85. [PMID: 35089181 DOI: 10.1097/jpn.0000000000000633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal intensive care nurses have faced additional difficulties in adapting to a new work environment with a stressful situation brought about by the pandemic. The aim of this study is to evaluate the experiences of nurses working in neonatal intensive care units during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Experiences were determined using phenomenology, a form of qualitative research. The study involved 14 neonatal intensive care nurses. The data were analyzed on the MAXQDA qualitative data analysis software in accordance with Colaizzi's 7-step method. Four themes were identified after the interviews: the experiences related to working conditions, neonatal care, psychosocial effect, and social life. In addition, 17 subthemes were created. The study revealed that neonatal intensive care nurses experienced physical, psychological, and social difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is thought that these results have become even more important to reduce the workload of nurses and to increase the quality of nursing care, especially in times of crisis such as pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiye Karakul
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tarsus University, Mersin, Turkey (Dr Karakul); Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkey (Ms Doğan); Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Bursa City Hospital, Bursa, Turkey (Mr Gümüş and Ms Yilmaz); and Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey (Dr Dorum)
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Huerta-González S, Selva-Medrano D, López-Espuela F, Caro-Alonso PÁ, Novo A, Rodríguez-Martín B. The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Front Line Nurses: A Synthesis of Qualitative Evidence. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:12975. [PMID: 34948584 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Caring for people with COVID-19 on the front line has psychological impacts for healthcare professionals. Despite the important psychological impacts of the pandemic on nurses, the qualitative evidence on this topic has not been synthesized. Our objective: To analyze and synthesize qualitative studies that investigate the perceptions of nurses about the psychological impacts of treating hospitalized people with COVID-19 on the front line. A systematic review of qualitative studies published in English or Spanish up to March 2021 was carried out in the following databases: The Cochrane Library, Medline (Pubmed), PsycINFO, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and CINHAL. The PRISMA statement and the Cochrane recommendations for qualitative evidence synthesis were followed. Results: The main psychological impacts of caring for people with COVID-19 perceived by nurses working on the front line were fear, anxiety, stress, social isolation, depressive symptoms, uncertainty, and frustration. The fear of infecting family members or being infected was the main repercussion perceived by the nurses. Other negative impacts that this review added and that nurses suffer as the COVID-19 pandemic progress were anger, obsessive thoughts, compulsivity, introversion, apprehension, impotence, alteration of space-time perception, somatization, and feeling of betrayal. Resilience was a coping tool used by nurses. Conclusions: Front line care for people with COVID-19 causes fear, anxiety, stress, social isolation, depressive symptoms, uncertainty, frustration, anger, obsessive thoughts, compulsivity, introversion, apprehension, impotence, alteration of space-time perception, somatization, and feeling of betrayal in nurses. It is necessary to provide front line nurses with the necessary support to reduce the psychological impact derived from caring for people with COVID-19, improve training programs for future pandemics, and analyze the long-term impacts.
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Golmenko AD, Khaptanova VA, Peskov VP, Khaptanov AY. Trends in nursing burnout management in foreign studies (literature review). Acta biomedica scientifica 2021; 6:145-156. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2021-6.5.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review provides a general foreign overview of the current understanding and prevalence of professional burnout among medical workers and summarizes the emerging trends in the management of the organization of work of nurses, preventing burnout, and an analysis of practices aimed at preventing burnout. Burnout negatively affects both mental and physical health, as well as increases economic losses and employee turnover.Burnout depends on factors such as job satisfaction, professional rank, hospital level, gender, professional values, negative emotions, and core competencies.Burnout syndrome is closely related to compassion fatigue syndrome, compassionate gratification and is part of the broader concept of professional quality of life. Compassion refers to recognition, understanding, emotional resonance, empathic concern and tolerance for the suffering of others, and motivation and action in relationships to help others.The analysis of foreign literature has shown the relevance of this problem and, first of all, for nurses. The peculiarities of the work of nurses lead to the fact that their burnout is higher than among other medical workers. Various approaches to the management of professional burnout have been proposed. Burnout management can focus on the organization, the individual, or a combination of interventions.When people have a positive belief system, work involvement, and access to many personal resources, they are less likely to experience stress and burnout.Nursing burnout has worsened during the COVID-19 period and has exposed new pressing health issues. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown a shortage of nurses and has become a major problem in many countries.The attitude of the community, the importance and the need for specialized and professional care, especially in situations of great difficulty and suffering, is important for medical personnel. Public sincere gratitude for the work of healthcare professionals will help build compassion for professionals who risk their lives to help people.
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Cengiz Z, Isik K, Gurdap Z, Yayan EH. Behaviours and experiences of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: A mixed methods study. J Nurs Manag 2021; 29:2002-2013. [PMID: 34369037 PMCID: PMC8420336 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aim The aim of this work is to present behaviours and experiences of nurses in Turkey during the current coronavirus pandemic. Background The coronavirus pandemic leads to difficulties for most health care workers, especially for nurses who mostly accompany patients and are on the front line. Methods In the study, a parallel mixed pattern converging quantitative and qualitative research methods was used. Results The model revealed that 41 years old or older, diabetic, female, single professionals, working in the pandemic department took more personal measures. Five main themes appeared regarding the experiences of the nurses during the pandemic period: (1) psychological and mental strain; (2) personal protective equipment; (3) organizational, physical, and social strains; (4) change in professional values; (5) turning the crisis into an opportunity. Conclusions Personal measures are associated with the risk status. There is a need to protect nurses with significant measures by providing psychosocial support, meeting their basic needs, and preventing all complications likely to occur due to increasing workload. Implications for Nursing Management More efforts should be made to ensure good work, fair treatment, no tolerance for discrimination, and equal compensation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeliha Cengiz
- Faculty of Nursing, Department of Fundamentals Nursing, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Kevser Isik
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health of Nursing, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Züleyha Gurdap
- Faculty of Nursing, Department of Fundamentals Nursing, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Emriye Hilal Yayan
- Faculty of Nursing, Department of Child Health Nursing, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Xu H, Stjernswärd S, Glasdam S. Psychosocial experiences of frontline nurses working in hospital-based settings during the COVID-19 pandemic - A qualitative systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud Adv 2021; 3:100037. [PMID: 34308373 PMCID: PMC8285218 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2021.100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Frontline nurses have been directly exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and come in close contact with patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurses execute tasks related to disease control and face multiple psychosocial challenges in their frontline work, potentially affecting their mental well-being and ability to satisfyingly perform their tasks. Objectives To explore the psychosocial experiences of frontline nurses working in hospital-based settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design The qualitative systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021259111). Data sources Literature searches were performed through PubMed, CINAHL, and the WHO COVID-19 database. Inclusion criteria were: All types of nurses having direct contact with or taking care of patients; Primary, secondary, and tertiary health-care services admitting and treating COVID-19 patients; Experiences, perceptions, feelings, views in psychosocial aspects from the identified population group; Qualitative studies; Mixed methods studies; Language in English; Published date 2019–2021. Exclusion criteria were: Commentaries; Reviews; Discussion papers; Quantitative studies; Language other than English; Published in 2018 or earlier; Studies without an ethical approval and ethical statement. Review methods The studies were screened and selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality appraisal was conducted according to the Critical Appraisal Skills Program qualitative study checklist. Data was extracted from included studies and a thematic synthesis was made. Results A total of 28 studies were included in the review. The experiences of 1141 nurses from 12 countries were synthesised. Three themes were constructed: ‘Nurses’ emotional, mental and physical reactions to COVID-19′, ‘Internally and externally supported coping strategies’, and ‘A call for future help and support’. Conclusion Nurses working frontline during the COVID-19 pandemic have experienced psychological, social, and emotional distress in coping with work demands, social relationships, and their personal life. The results pointed to a need for increased psychological and social support for frontline nurses to cope with stress and maintain mental well-being, which may subsequently affect nursing care outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxuan Xu
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University
| | - Sigrid Stjernswärd
- Health-promoting Complex Interventions, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Margaretavägen 1 B, S- 222 41 Lund, Sweden
| | - Stinne Glasdam
- Integrative Health Research, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Margaretavägen 1 B, S- 222 41 Lund, Sweden
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Radfar M, Hemmati Maslak Pak M, Mohammadi F. The organisational and managerial challenges experienced by nurses recovered from COVID-19: A phenomenological study. J Nurs Manag 2021; 29:2353-2363. [PMID: 34174015 PMCID: PMC8420184 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Aim This study was conducted to discover the organisational and managerial challenges of nurses recovered from COVID‐19. Background Nurses, who are at the front line of fighting against COVID‐19, face numerous organisational and managerial challenges that impose a burden on their already heavy burden of infection. Working in challenging situations can affect the quality of nursing care. Methods This qualitative study was conducted through an interpretive phenomenological approach. To collect the data, 18 semistructured interviews were held with 15 recovered nurses, which were then analysed using van Manen's method. Results The data analysis led to the extraction of four themes: nurses as victims of organisational prejudice, a profession surrounded by problems, insufficient sources for dealing with COVID‐19 and post‐COVID‐19 development. Conclusion This study showed the organisational and managerial challenges of recovered nurses from COVID‐19. Although these nurses had positive experiences, they needed eliminating organisational prejudice, minimizing concerns and sufficient resources to deal with the crisis. Implications for nursing management It is believed that these results can be used as a guide to nurse managers to improve the experience of recovered nurses from COVID‐19 by treating all employees with equal kindness, considering to their problems and minimizing burden by actively providing resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moloud Radfar
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Farshad Mohammadi
- Student's Research Committee of Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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